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Chittasupho, Chuda, Kunyakorn Chaobankrang, Araya Sarawungkad, Weerasak Samee, Sudarshan Singh, Kirachuda Hemsuwimon, Siriporn Okonogi, Kantaporn Kheawfu, Kanokwan Kiattisin, and Wantida Chaiyana. "Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Attenuating Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Activities of Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia Leaf Extract Phytosomes and Shape Memory Gel Formulation." Gels 9, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9020078.
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Oxidative stress is one of the major causes of skin aging. In this study, the shape memory gels containing phytosomes were developed as a delivery system for Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia fresh (VFL) and dry (VDL) leaf extracts. The extracts were loaded in the phytosomes by a solvent displacement method. The physical and chemical characteristics and stability of phytosomes were evaluated by dynamic light scattering and phytochemistry, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species reduction of phytosomes and/or extracts were investigated by the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, FRAP assay, and DCFH-DA fluorescent probe. The cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of VDL and VFL phytosomes were studied by an MTT and a nitric oxide assay, respectively. Here, we first reported the total phenolic content in the dry leaf extract of N. tabacum var. Virginia was significantly greater than that of the fresh leaf extract. The HPLC analysis results revealed that VDL and VFL extracts contained 4.94 ± 0.04 and 3.13 ± 0.01 µg/mL of chlorogenic acid and 0.89 ± 0.00 and 0.24 ± 0.00 µg/mL of rutin, respectively. The phytosomes of the VDL and VFL extracts displayed stable size, polydispersity index, zeta potential values, and good chemical stability. VDL and VDL phytosomes showed higher phenolic and flavonoid contents which showed stronger DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging effects and reduced the intracellular ROS. The results suggested that the phenolic compounds are the main factor in their antioxidant activity. Both VDL and VFL phytosomes inhibited nitric oxide production induced by LPS, suggesting the anti-inflammatory activity of the phytosomes. The shape memory gel containing VDL and VFL phytosomes had good physical stability in terms of pH and viscosity. The VDL and VFL phytosomes dispersed in the shape memory gels can be considered as a promising therapeutic delivery system for protecting the skin from oxidation and reactive oxygen species.
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Zhang, Qingsong, Bin Gu, Cheng Deng, and Heng Huang. "Secure Bilevel Asynchronous Vertical Federated Learning with Backward Updating." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 12 (May 18, 2021): 10896–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i12.17301.
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Vertical federated learning (VFL) attracts increasing attention due to the emerging demands of multi-party collaborative modeling and concerns of privacy leakage. In the real VFL applications, usually only one or partial parties hold labels, which makes it challenging for all parties to collaboratively learn the model without privacy leakage. Meanwhile, most existing VFL algorithms are trapped in the synchronous computations, which leads to inefficiency in their real-world applications. To address these challenging problems, we propose a novel VFL framework integrated with new backward updating mechanism and bilevel asynchronous parallel architecture (VFB^2), under which three new algorithms, including VFB^2-SGD, -SVRG, and -SAGA, are proposed. We derive the theoretical results of the convergence rates of these three algorithms under both strongly convex and nonconvex conditions. We also prove the security of VFB^2 under semi-honest threat models. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that our algorithms are efficient, scalable, and lossless.
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Staudt, Nicole, Sonja Fellert, Ho-Ryun Chung, Herbert Jäckle, and Gerd Vorbrüggen. "Mutations of the Drosophila Zinc Finger-encoding Gene vielfältig Impair Mitotic Cell Divisions and Cause Improper Chromosome Segregation." Molecular Biology of the Cell 17, no. 5 (May 2006): 2356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e05-11-1056.
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We describe the molecular characterization and function of vielfältig (vfl), a X-chromosomal gene that encodes a nuclear protein with six Krüppel-like C2H2 zinc finger motifs. vfl transcripts are maternally contributed and ubiquitously distributed in eggs and preblastoderm embryos, excluding the germline precursor cells. Zygotically, vfl is expressed strongly in the developing nervous system, the brain, and in other mitotically active tissues. Vfl protein shows dynamic subcellular patterns during the cell cycle. In interphase nuclei, Vfl is associated with chromatin, whereas during mitosis, Vfl separates from chromatin and becomes distributed in a granular pattern in the nucleoplasm. Functional gain-of-function and lack-of-function studies show that vfl activity is necessary for normal mitotic cell divisions. Loss of vfl activity disrupts the pattern of mitotic waves in preblastoderm embryos, elicits asynchronous DNA replication, and causes improper chromosome segregation during mitosis.
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Võ, Hoàng Lâm, Thị Minh Thảo Ngô, Trọng Hiếu Lê, Văn Nhật Thành Nguyễn, Bảo Chi Nguyễn, Lê Thảo Nguyên Huỳnh, and Hải Thủy Nguyễn. "Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của chế độ ăn trường chay trên chỉ số mỡ cơ thể và mức mỡ nội tạng." Vietnam Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, no. 38 (October 9, 2020): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47122/vjde.2020.38.11.
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Tỉ lệ mỡ cơ thể (BFP) và mức mỡ nội tạng (VFL) được xem như những chỉ số nhân trắc tương đương với chỉ số BMI và vòng bụng trong đánh giá một số yếu tố nguy cơ bệnh lý. Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu chỉ số BFP, VFL ở phụ nữ ăn chay trường và khảo sát tương quan giữa thời gian ăn chay với chỉ số BFP, VFL trên phụ nữ ăn chay trường. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Mô tả cắt ngang ở 239 phụ nữ có chế độ ăn chay trường và 239 phụ nữ không ăn chay. Kết quả: Nhóm ăn chay BFP tăngchiếm 82,0%, VFL 28,0%. Nguy cơ tăng BFP, VFL ở nhóm ăn chay trường cao gấp 1,60 và 1,55 lần so với nhóm không ăn chay. Thời gian ăn chay (TGAC) tương quan thuận trung bình với BFP (r=0,437); và TGAC tương quan thuận với VFL (r=0.625). Tại điểm cắt TGAC>8 năm có nguy cơ tăng BFP, >20 năm có nguy cơ tăng VFL. Kết luận: Ở phụ nữ ăn chay trường có nguy cơ tăng BFP, VFL cao gấp 1,60 và 1,55 lần so với nhóm không ăn chay. Thời gian ăn chay tương quan thuận với BFP và VFL.
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Fu, Fangcheng, Xupeng Miao, Jiawei Jiang, Huanran Xue, and Bin Cui. "Towards communication-efficient vertical federated learning training via cache-enabled local updates." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 15, no. 10 (June 2022): 2111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3547305.3547316.
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Vertical federated learning (VFL) is an emerging paradigm that allows different parties (e.g., organizations or enterprises) to collaboratively build machine learning models with privacy protection. In the training phase, VFL only exchanges the intermediate statistics, i.e., forward activations and backward derivatives, across parties to compute model gradients. Nevertheless, due to its geo-distributed nature, VFL training usually suffers from the low WAN bandwidth. In this paper, we introduce CELU-VFL, a novel and efficient VFL training framework that exploits the local update technique to reduce the cross-party communication rounds. CELU-VFL caches the stale statistics and reuses them to estimate model gradients without exchanging the ad hoc statistics. Significant techniques are proposed to improve the convergence performance. First, to handle the stochastic variance problem, we propose a uniform sampling strategy to fairly choose the stale statistics for local updates. Second, to harness the errors brought by the stateness, we devise an instance weighting mechanism that measures the reliability of the estimated gradients. Theoretical analysis proves that CELU-VFL achieves a similar sub-linear convergence rate as vanilla VFL training but requires much fewer communication rounds. Empirical results on both public and real-world workloads validate that CELU-VFL can be up to six times faster than the existing works.
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Bellmunt, Joaquim, Christine Théodore, Tomasz Demkov, Boris Komyakov, Lisa Sengelov, Gedske Daugaard, Armelle Caty, et al. "Phase III Trial of Vinflunine Plus Best Supportive Care Compared With Best Supportive Care Alone After a Platinum-Containing Regimen in Patients With Advanced Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urothelial Tract." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 27 (September 20, 2009): 4454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.20.5534.
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Purpose Vinflunine (VFL) is a new microtubule inhibitor that has activity against transitional cell carcinoma of urothelial tract (TCCU). We conducted a randomized phase III study of VFL and best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone in the treatment of patients with advanced TCCU who had experienced progression after a first-line platinum-containing regimen. Patients and Methods The study was designed to compare overall survival (OS) between patients receiving VFL + BSC (performance status [PS] = 0: 320 mg/m2, every 3 weeks; PS = 0 with previous pelvic radiation and PS = 1: 280 mg/m2 subsequently escalated to 320 mg/m2) or BSC. Results Three hundred seventy patients were randomly assigned (VFL + BSC, n =253; BSC, n = 117). Both arms were well balanced except there were more patients with PS more than 1 (10% difference) in the BSC arm. Main grade 3 or 4 toxicities for VFL + BSC were neutropenia (50%), febrile neutropenia (6%), anemia (19%), fatigue (19%), and constipation (16%). In the intent-to-treat population, the objective of a median 2-month survival advantage (6.9 months for VFL + BSC v 4.6 months for BSC) was achieved (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.12) but was not statistically significant (P = .287). Multivariate Cox analysis adjusting for prognostic factors showed statistically significant effect of VFL on OS (P = .036), reducing the death risk by 23% (HR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.98). In the eligible population (n = 357), the median OS was significantly longer for VFL + BSC than BSC (6.9 v 4.3 months, respectively), with the difference being statistically significant (P = .040). Overall response rate, disease control, and progression-free survival were all statistically significant favoring VFL + BSC (P = .006, P = .002, and P = .001, respectively). Conclusion VFL demonstrates a survival advantage in second-line treatment for advanced TCCU. Consistency of results exists with significant and meaningful benefit over all efficacy parameters. Safety profile is acceptable, and therefore, VFL seems to be a reasonable option for TCCU progressing after first-line platinum-based therapy.
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Figueroa, Angelica, Vanessa Abella, Guadalupe Aparicio, Mar Haz-Conde, Javier Gayo, and Luis M. Antón Aparicio. "Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastatic bladder cancer profile under vinflunine treatment." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e22021-e22021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e22021.
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e22021 Background: Given the role of vinflunine (VFL) in the microtubule dynamics and the link between microtubules and cell adhesions through cadherins, we have investigated the possible influence of VFL on adherens junctions through its interaction with microtubules. We have studied the implication of VFL on the reversion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in bladder transitional cell carcinoma and explored a possible novel molecular mechanism. Methods: Four human bladder transitional carcinoma cell lines were used to carry out the following experimental procedure: Cytotoxicity assay by using MTT assay, qRTPCR to analyze mRNA markers of the EMT, Western blotting using specific antibodies for EMT markers, and immunofluorescence images, analyzed by epifluorescence microscopy. Results: Cell growth reduction was detected in human bladder carcinoma cells under VFL treatment compared to control. VFL induces mesenchymal to epithelial phenotype and modulates the EMT markers: E-cadherin and Cytokeratin-19 were enhanced under treatment, while significantly reduction of mRNA mesenchymal markers expression (Vimentin, N-cadherin) and EMT-transcriptional factors (Snail and Zeb1) was detected. Strong reduction of Hakai protein was seen under VFL treatment. Hakai was discovered as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase that mediates the posttranslational downregulation of E-cadherin. Epifluorescence images showed that VFL treatment promotes E-cadherin localization specifically at cell-cell contact; while, Hakai expression decreases its expression in the nuclei and cytoplasm. Conclusions: These results suggest that VFL up-regulates E-cadherin contributing to mesenchymal to epithelial transition, and that Hakai modulation might be the molecular mechanism by which the increasing E-cadherin at cell-cell contacts in bladder carcinoma cell lines is detected. Given the relevant in vitro role of VFL on E-cadherin expression and on the reversion of EMT process, we hypothesized that VFL could exert a clinical benefit in delaying the metastasis in urothelial tumors.
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SAWABATA, NORIYOSHI, SHIGERU NAKANE, DAIKI YOSHIKAWA, TAKASHI WATANABE, TAKESHI KAWAGUCHI, NORIKO OUJI-SAGESHIMA, KEIJI KUSHIBE, and TOSHIHIRO ITO. "Vein-first Lobectomy for Lung Cancer Assessed According to the Status of Clustered Circulating Tumour Cells." Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis 1, no. 5 (November 3, 2021): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21873/cdp.10059.
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Background/Aim: Vein-first lobectomy (VFL) in lung cancer might reduce shedding of circulating tumour cells (CTCs). This study assessed the clinical significance of VFL. Patients and Methods: Lung cancer patients undergoing lobectomy and CTC testing were evaluated. The primary evaluation item was postoperative clustered CTC detection, and the secondary outcome measures were the 2-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates according to the status of VFL and postoperative clustered CTC. Results: Eighty-six patients with similar backgrounds, except for lobe resection and pulmonary vein dissection time, showed postoperative clustered CTC identification rates of 43.8% and 37.9% in the VFL group (n=57) and no-VFL group (n=29), respectively. However, prognosis was not significantly different, although the presence of clustered CTC after surgery was a predictor of recurrence. Conclusion: The status of postoperative clustered CTC was similar regardless of VFL or not, although the detection of clustered CTC was a predictor of recurrence.
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Nguyễn, Hải Thủy, Hoàng Lâm Võ, and Thị Minh Thảo Ngô. "Nghiên cứu chỉ số mỡ cơ thể và mỡ nội tạng trên đối tượng nữ ăn chay trường." Vietnam Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, no. 37 (January 6, 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47122/vjde.2019.37.6.
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Ăn chay là chế độ ăn không có chứa mỡ và protid động vật, trong đó chế độ ăn thuần chay (vegan) có hiệu quả trên rối loạn lipid máu qua một số nghiên cứu trong và ngoài nước. Tuy vậy ảnh hưởng của thể loại ăn chay này trên tình trạng béo phì đang có nhiều tranh luận Vì vậy chúng tôi sử dụng 2 chỉ số tỉ lệ mỡ cơ thể (BFP) và mức mỡ nội tạng (VFL) để khảo sát trên đối tượng nữ ăn chay trường. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 239 phụ nữ có chế độ ăn chay trường và 239 phụ nữ không ăn chay bằng máy máy trở kháng sinh học Omron loại HBF-362. Kết quả: Nguy cơ tăng BFP, VFL ở nhóm ăn chay trường cao gấp 1,60 và 1,55 lần so với nhóm không ăn chay. Thời gian ăn chay (TGAC) tương quan thuận với chỉ số BFP và VFL. Nguy cơ tăng BFP tại điểm cắt TGAC > 9 năm, nguy cơ tăng VFL tại điểm cắt TGAC >20 năm. Điểm cắt BFP>26,5% (Se: 90,5%, Sp: 72,8%) và VFL>9 (Se: 92,4%, Sp: 81,0%) có liên quan đến VB≥80cm. Kết luận: Ở phụ nữ ăn chay trường có nguy cơ tăng BFP, VFL cao so với nhóm không ăn chay. Có sự tương quan thuận giữa thời gian ăn chayvới BFP và VFL.
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Gerullis, Holger, Friedhelm Wawroschek, Claus-Henning Köhne, and Thorsten Holger Ecke. "Vinflunine in the treatment of advanced urothelial cancer: clinical evidence and experience." Therapeutic Advances in Urology 9, no. 1 (November 21, 2016): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756287216677903.
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Vinflunine (VFL) has been approved in Europe for second-line treatment of metastatic and advanced urothelial cancer after failure of platin-containing therapy. Since approval, the drug has been investigated in few clinical trials. Most of the currently available reports describe experiences with VFL in a daily clinical setting. This review gives a short overview on clinical experiences and clinical trials involving VFL since the approval of this drug in 2009.
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Adams, G. M., R. L. Wright, and J. W. Jarvik. "Defective temporal and spatial control of flagellar assembly in a mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with variable flagellar number." Journal of Cell Biology 100, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 955–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.100.3.955.
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Wild-type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii carry two flagella per cell that are used for both motility and mating. We describe a mutant, vfl-1, in which the biflagellate state is disrupted such that the number of flagella per cell ranges from 0 to as many as 10. vfl-1 cells possess the novel ability to assemble new flagella throughout the G1 portion of the cell cycle, resulting in an average increase of about 0.05 flagella per cell per hour. Such uncoupling of the flagellar assembly cycle from the cell cycle is not observed in other mutants with abnormal flagellar number. Rather than being located in an exclusively apical position characteristic of the wild type, vfl-1 flagella can be at virtually any location on the cell surface. vfl-1 cells display abnormally wide variations in cell size, probably owing to extremely unequal cell divisions. Various ultrastructural abnormalities in the flagellar apparatus are also present, including missing or defective striated fibers and reduced numbers of rootlet microtubules. The pleiotropic defects observed in vfl-1 result from a recessive Mendelian mutation mapped to Chromosome VIII.
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Sacristan, Felipe, Guadalupe Aparicio, Enrique Grande, Mar Haz-Conde, Vanessa Medina Villaamil, Angelica Figueroa, Manuel Valladares Ayerbes, and Luis M. Antón Aparicio. "Epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in metastatic transitional cell carcinoma (mTCC) patients under vinflunine treatment." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e15532-e15532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e15532.
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e15532 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) demonstrated in vitro antiproliferative effects in human tumour cell lines, and in vitro antitumor activities against subcutaneous tumour xenografts. Recently, we demonstrated that VFL causes these effects through tubulin instability, which is one of the leading intracellular molecular process that drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, VFL may induce up-regulation in expression levels of E-cadherin/N-cadherin cocient. Methods: The study included a retrospective analysis of 18 patients with mTCC treated with carboplatin-based chemotherapy. The patients who demonstrated objective response (38.8%) continued with vinflunine 320 mg/m2 one day every three weeks until progression. EMT protein expression (E-cadherin, beta-catenin, vimentin, CK18) was evaluated by Western blotting and also by immunohistochemistry (IHQ). Results: Overall mean age of patients was 71 years. The median overall survival was 3.5 years for the carboplatin-based chemotherapy (95% CI, 0.377-3.623). In patients treated with VFL, it was demonstrated a correlation of performance status and overall response with the histological type and age. We also found a relationship between different EMT markers in patients that received VFL. Conclusions: The above data provide evidence for an intrincate mechanism by which VFL could stop the transition from epithelial cells to the invasive mesenchymal phenotype. Molecular mechanism of Snail, Slug, Twist and Hakai will be reported.
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Gonzalez-Grajera, Belen, Javier Puente, Iciar Garcia Carbonero, Nicolas Mohedano, M. Pilar Lopez Criado, Jose Angel Arranz Arija, Aranzazu Gonzalez del Alba, et al. "Safety and effectiveness of vinflunine in patients with metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract (TCCU) after failure to one cisplatin-based systemic therapy in clinical practice." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2014): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.4_suppl.332.
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332 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) is the first agent to show a survival improvement for platinum-refractory patients (pts) with metastatic TCCU in a phase III clinical trial. After EMA approval in September 2009, ESMO (Bellmunt, 2011) and SOGUG (Castellano, 2012) guidelines recommend VFL as second-line therapy. Methods: This is a multicenter and retrospective study to describe the experience with VFL in Spain. Pts with histologically confirmed metastatic TCCU were treated with VFL (280-320mg/m2 every 3 weeks) until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Pts were evaluated according to institutional local follow-up program. Results: From April 2010 to June 2013, we registered 102 pts in fifteen Spanish centers. All patients are evaluable for safety and 98 for efficacy. Median age: 67years (range 45-83), ECOG 0/1/2 previous to VFL (pts%): 31/61/8. Bladder carcinoma was the primary disease site in 84 pts and 46 % of them received cisplatinum-based chemotherapy. Metastatic involvement was: lymph nodes 67.7%, lung 36.4%, bone 28.1%, and liver 21.6%. The median number of cycles of VFL was 4 (1-18). The objective response rate was 25.5% (CR in 2 pts and PR in 23 pts), stable disease in 42.9% and progressive disease in 31.6%. The median follow-up was 6.6 months (0.4 to 43): median progression-free survival 3.9 months (95% CI, 2.3 to 5.5), median time to progression 4.3 months (95% CI, 2.6 to 5.9) and median overall survival 10 months (95% CI, 7.3 to 12.8). At the time of the analysis, 79.4%pts had progressive disease after VFL and 64.7% died. Grade 3/4 adverse events included: nausea/vomiting 13.8% of pts, neutropenia 12.8%, constipation 5.9%, and abdominal pain 4.9%. No toxic death were reported. Conclusions: This retrospective analysis confirms the benefit of VFL in patients with TCCU after failure in a platinum-containing chemotherapy regimen. Results of the randomized trial are reproducible in Spanish Oncology Centers on a daily clinical practice and its toxicity profile results are acceptable and manageable.
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Leduchowska, Agata, Joanna Morawska, and Wioletta Pietruszewska. "Videolaryngoendoscopic and Stroboscopic Evaluation in Predicting the Malignancy Risk of Vocal Fold Leukoplakia." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 5789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195789.
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Background: Vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL), despite our knowledge of its etiopathogenetic factors, and the development of laryngeal visualization, remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Objective: This research aimed to explore the efficacy of clinical and morphological feature identification in videolaryngoendoscopy (VLE) using a three-tier classification, and videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS) in predicting the risk of VFL malignant transformation. Material and Methods: We examined 98 patients with VFL by flexible endoscopy under VLE and VLS. Morphological characteristics of 123 lesions including the surface, margin, and texture were assessed; then, VFL was subdivided into three types: I—flat and smooth, II—elevated and smooth, and III—rough. Based on the histopathological findings, 76 (61.79%) lesions were classified as low- and 47 (38.21%) lesions as high-grade dysplasia. Results: The inter-rater agreement between two raters evaluating the VFL in VLE was almost perfect (Cohen’s kappa = 0.826; p < 0.00; 95% CI 0.748–0.904). In ROC curve analysis, the AUC difference between Rater I and Rater II was 0.024 (0.726 vs. 0.702). In multivariate analysis, high-risk VFL was positively related to unilateral plaque localization (p = 0.003), the type III VLE classification (p = 0.013), absence of a mucosal wave (p = 0.034), and a positive history of alcohol consumption (p = 0.047). In ROC analysis, VLE had an AUC of 0.726, with a high sensitivity of 95.7% and low specificity of 40.8%. The NPV was high, at 93.9%; however, the PPV was low, at 50%. The proposed logistic regression model including features significant in multivariate analysis showed lower sensitivity (80.9% vs. 95.7%) and lower NPV (86.2% vs. 93.9%); however, the specificity and PPV were improved (73.7% vs. 40.8% and 65.5% vs. 50.0%, respectively). Conclusions: The combination of clinical history with endoscopic (plaque morphology) and stroboscopic examination (mucosal wave assessment) can fairly estimate the degree of dysplasia in VFL and thus is recommended for use in clinical settings. The findings of this study can be used to guide the decision regarding immediate biopsy or watchful waiting.
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Paridaens, R., H. Wildiers, F. Dalenc, O. Rixe, V. Cadic, M. Pinel, and H. Roche. "Vinflunine in combination with trastuzumab for treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.1058.
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1058 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) is a microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class with high activity in several tumour types especially in second line treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Over-expression of HER2 is observed in 20–25% of all breast cancers and is associated with a poor prognosis. The development of the anti-HER2 therapy with trastuzumab (T) allowed significant prolonging of the survival in HER2 positive MBC. The combination of these two compounds which are separately active in MBC warranted a combination study. Methods: This phase I was designed to determine the recommended dose (RD) of VFL in combination with T for treatment of first or second line MBC patients (pts), to assess its safety profile, and to determine its antitumour activity. Results: Thirty pts, median age 55 [33–74] years, WHO performance status 0/1: 18/12 pts , respectively were given VFL 280 mg/m2 (10 pts) or 320 mg/m2 (20 pts) day 1 every 3 weeks (w) in combination with T (loading dose 4 mg/kg and subsequently 2 mg/kg/w). Six pts were chemonaive and 5 pts received this combination in second line. At the first VFL dose (280 mg/m2), 0/6 pts experienced dose-limiting toxicity. The RD was established at 320 mg/m2 in the following 6 pts. All 30 pts are evaluable for safety. Haematological toxicities were: anaemia grade (G) 3: 0 and 1 pt; neutropenia G 3/4: 5/17 pts, febrile neutropenia 0/2 pts with VFL 280 and 320 mg/m2, respectively. G 3 non-haematological adverse events were only reported in the 20 pts receiving VFL 320 mg/m2: fatigue and myalgia: 5 pts; constipation: 4 pts; abdominal pain, neutropenic infection: 2 pts. ileus, hyponatremia, arthralgia: 1 pt. No significant cardiac events were observed. The response rates, 62.5% [95% confidence interval: 24.5–91.5] and 73.7% [95% confidence interval: 48.8–90.9] in pts receiving VFL at 280 mg/m2 and 320 mg/m2 respectively, were established by an external radiologist using RECIST in the first 27 evaluable patients. Conclusions: Vinflunine/trastuzumab combination is feasible with encouraging response rates and manageable toxicity in MBC pts. A phase III study comparing VFL + T versus paclitaxel + T has been initiated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Kim, Jeongho, Jindae Kim, and Eunseok Lee. "VFL: Variable-based fault localization." Information and Software Technology 107 (March 2019): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2018.11.009.
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Zhang, JianFei, and YuChen Jiang. "A Data Augmentation Method for Vertical Federated Learning." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (January 24, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6596925.
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Federated learning (FL) enables various organizations to jointly train one single model without revealing their private data to each other. The FL can be classified as horizontal federated learning (HFL) and vertical federated learning (VFL) according to the distribution of overlap samples and overlap features in the dataset. VFL allows various organizations to share machine learning based on the overlap samples, each one of which has the same identity. However, VFL suffers from insufficient number of overlap samples among all participants. Hence, the shortage of overlap data results in a worse performance of the global model. In this article, we propose a data augmentation method, FedDA, which is based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) to increase the number of training data. We generate more overlap data by learning the features of finite overlap data and many locally existing nonoverlap data, which expand the availability for training the overlap dataset. A series of experiments were executed on both MNIST and CIFAR-10. The results show that FedDA can efficiently utilize nonoverlap samples to enhance the effect of the data augmentation. It can generate high-quality overlap samples and expand the set of overlap samples. Thus, when the VFL is short of overlap samples, FedDA can provide abundant training data to improve the performance of the VFL model.
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Pietruszewska, Wioletta, Joanna Morawska, Oskar Rosiak, Agata Leduchowska, Hanna Klimza, and Małgorzata Wierzbicka. "Vocal Fold Leukoplakia: Which of the Classifications of White Light and Narrow Band Imaging Most Accurately Predicts Laryngeal Cancer Transformation? Proposition for a Diagnostic Algorithm." Cancers 13, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 3273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13133273.
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The management of Vocal Fold Leukoplakia (VFL) remains problematic. There is no consensus on the indications or the timing for surgery. The objective was to select the most accurate classification for predicting low- and high-risk VFL in White Light Imaging (WLI) and Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) and to establish a diagnostic algorithm with a timely referral for treatment. A total of 259 VFL patients were included in the study; 186 lesions were classified as low-grade and 110 as high-grade dysplasia. The results of WLI acc. to the two-tier and the three-tier Chen 2019 classifications and NBI classifications: ELS, Ni 2011, and Ni 2019 with different cut-off points were compared with the pathological examination (HP). In WLI, the greatest agreement was obtained between type 3 of the three-tier classification and high-grade dysplasia (accuracy, specificity, and PPV: 80.4%, 92.0%, and 81.5%, respectively). Assessing VFL periphery in NBI, cut-off point 5 (Ni 2011 type V) demonstrated a higher accuracy, specificity, and PPV than 4 (83.1%, 93.6%, 85.5% and 77.4%, 74.9%, and 65.4%, respectively). In NBI, we observed higher accuracy, sensitivity, and PPV (84.1%, 93.0%, 85.2% vs. 80.7%, 81.3% and 71.3%, respectively) for cut-off point 5 (Ni 2019 type V and VI) in comparison to the cut-off point 4 group (type IV, V, and VI) (80.7%, 81.3%, 71.3%, respectively), and a higher kappa value (0.68 vs. 0.58) was obtained. We have shown that both the plaque image and the microvascular pattern on the leukoplakia periphery are critical in the diagnosis of high-risk VFL. The most accurate predictor of VFL malignant transformation in WLI is type 3 according to the Chen 2019 classification, while in NBI type V and VI according to the Ni 2019 classification.
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Paule, B., F. Saliba, M. Gil-Delgado, C. Puozzo, S. Favrel, A. Ravaud, J. Delord, and P. Fumoleau. "Phase I and pharmacokinetic (PK) dose-adjusted study of IV vinflunine (VFL) in cancer patients with liver dysfunction (LD): Pharmacokinetic results." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 2523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.2523.
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2523 Background: VFL is a novel microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class that has shown high antitumour activity in several in vivo tumour models and in clinical trials. VFL is mainly eliminated through metabolism and bile excretion. Therefore this trial was designed to determine if LD could increase exposure and toxicity of VFL and require a dose-adjustment. Methods: This trial had a sequential design with the objective of determining the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) and the recommended dose (RD) in three groups of LD based on clinical and biological criteria: mild (PT > 70% and UNL < serum bilirubin = 1.5xUNL), moderate (Child-Pugh A) and severe (Child-Pugh B). VFL and 4-O-deacetylvinflunine (DVFL), its only active metabolite, were quantified in whole blood during cycle 1. PK parameters (AUCinf, Cltot) were estimated using a non-compartmental analysis and were compared using a one-way ANOVA with group factor either between groups or between groups and a control group of 49 patients without LD enrolled in phase I trials). Results: Three VFL doses were investigated: The inter-individual variability (CV) in AUCinf was approximately 30% for all groups. Even if AUCinf increased between mild and moderate groups, no difference was demonstrated between moderate and severe LD groups. All individual values were within the range of control values. Cltot were also similar between groups and the control group. Statistical analysis did not evidence any significant difference between groups. No difference was observed in blood concentrations of DVFL compared to the control group. No relationship between dose limiting toxicity and blood exposure was evidenced. Conclusions: The results showed that vinflunine and DVFL pharmacokinetic parameters do not appear to be affected by the degree of LD. However, the dose of VFL has to be adjusted to the level of LD for safety reasons. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Gasperín-Rodríguez, Edgar I., Julio A. Gómez-Figueroa, Luis M. Gómez-Miranda, Paul T. Ríos-Gallardo, Carolina Palmeros-Exsome, Marco A. Hernández-Lepe, José Moncada-Jiménez, and Diego A. Bonilla. "Body Composition Profiles of Applicants to a Physical Education and Sports Major in Southeastern Mexico." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 15685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315685.
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This study aimed to determine the body composition profile of candidates applying for a Physical Education and Sports major. 327 young adults (F: 87, M: 240) participated in this cross-sectional study. Nutritional status and body composition analysis were performed, and the profiles were generated using an unsupervised machine learning algorithm. Body mass index (BMI), percentage of fat mass (%FM), percentage of muscle mass (%MM), metabolic age (MA), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and visceral fat level (VFL) were used as input variables. BMI values were normal-weight although VFL was significantly higher in men (<0.001; η2 = 0.104). MA was positively correlated with BMR (0.81 [0.77, 0.85]; p < 0.01), BMI (0.87 [0.84, 0.90]; p < 0.01), and VFL (0.77 [0.72, 0.81]; p < 0.01). The hierarchical clustering analysis revealed two significantly different age-independent profiles: Cluster 1 (n = 265), applicants of both sexes that were shorter, lighter, with lower adiposity and higher lean mass; and, Cluster 2 (n = 62), a group of overweight male applicants with higher VFL, taller, with lower %MM and estimated energy expended at rest. We identified two profiles that might help universities, counselors and teachers/lecturers to identify applicants in which is necessary to increase physical activity levels and improve dietary habits.
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Krzakowski, M., J. Douillard, R. Ramlau, J. Jassem, A. Szczesna, P. Zatloukal, J. von Pawel, O. Hansen, and X. Sun. "Phase III study of vinflunine versus docetaxel in patients (pts) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with a platinum-containing regimen." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 7511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7511.
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7511 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) is a new microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class with clinical activity in NSCLC (J. Bennouna, BJC, 2006). Single-agent efficacy and safety of VFL and docetaxel (DTX) were compared in the 2nd line chemotherapy. Methods: Open-label, multi-center, randomised, phase III study in platinum pre-treated locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC pts. At least 275 pts were to be randomized by arm to receive VFL (320 mg/m2, 20-min IV infusion) or DTX (75 mg/m2, 1-hour IV infusion with dexamethasone over 3 days) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS), with a non-inferiority analysis based on a 10% difference (types I and II error rates: 5%, 20%). Results: From 06/03 to 03/05, 551 pts were randomized (VFL: 274; DTX: 277) and 547 treated (411 men, 136 women); median age 61 years [range 22–83]; ECOG PS 0–1: 89%; metastatic: 90%. All pts were platinum pre-treated, in combination with a vinca alkaloid (22%), paclitaxel (21%), or gemcitabine (48%). A total of 950 [1–20] and 1,025 [1–18] cycles were given with VFL and DTX respectively. Grade 3/4 toxicities were low in both arms: neutropenia (33% vs 30%), anemia (8% vs 3%), thrombocytopenia (2% vs <1%), febrile neutropenia (3% vs 5%), fatigue (11% vs 6%), vomiting (2% vs 1%), abdominal pain (4% vs <1%), constipation (7% vs <1%). Overall incidence of alopecia was: 20% vs 35%, nail disorders 1% vs 6%, injection site reaction 25% vs 1%, peripheral neuropathy 11% vs 15%, diarrhea 6% vs 12%. Efficacy: All efficacy endpoints were similar: median PFS (2.3 vs 2.3 months, HR:1.004 [95% CI: 0.841–1.199]), independent review response rate (4.4% vs 5.5%), stable disease (36.0% vs 39.6%), disease control (40.4 vs 45.1), median overall survival (6.7 vs 7.2 months, HR: 0.973 [0.805–1.176]). Conclusion: VFL shows efficacy equivalent to docetaxel in 2nd line NSCLC chemotherapy. Low, manageable but different toxicity profiles were observed in either arm. Vinflunine offers a new and useful alternative for the 2nd line treatment of pts with this disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Zhao, Jianzhe, Jiayi Wang, Zhaocheng Li, Weiting Yuan, and Stan Matwin. "Vertically Federated Learning with Correlated Differential Privacy." Electronics 11, no. 23 (November 29, 2022): 3958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233958.
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Federated learning (FL) aims to address the challenges of data silos and privacy protection in artificial intelligence. Vertically federated learning (VFL) with independent feature spaces and overlapping ID spaces can capture more knowledge and facilitate model learning. However, VFL has both privacy and utility problems in framework construction. On the one hand, sharing gradients may cause privacy leakage. On the other hand, the increase in participants brings a surge in the feature dimension of the global model, which results in higher computation costs and lower model accuracy. To address these issues, we propose a vertically federated learning algorithm with correlated differential privacy (CRDP-FL) to meet FL systems’ privacy and utility requirements. A privacy-preserved VFL framework is designed based on differential privacy (DP) between organizations with many network edge devices. Meanwhile, feature selection is performed to improve the algorithm’s efficiency and model performance to solve the problem of dimensionality explosion. We also propose a quantitative correlation analysis technique for VFL to reduce the correlated sensitivity and noise injection, balancing the utility decline due to DP protection. We theoretically analyze the privacy level and utility of CRDP-FL. A real vertically federated learning scenario is simulated with personalized settings based on the ISOLET and Breast Cancer datasets to verify the method’s effectiveness in model accuracy, privacy budget, and data correlation.
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Radkhah, Parisa, Atieh Mirzababaei, Farideh Shiraseb, Dorsa Hosseininasab, Cain C. T. Clark, and Khadijeh Mirzaei. "Mediatory Effect of Inflammatory Markers (IL-1β and PAI-1) on Association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Clinical Practice 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2514850.
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Background. Obesity is considered a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Different components of the diet, like antioxidants, can have anti-inflammatory effects or cause chronic inflammation. This study investigated the dietary TAC and inflammatory markers and body composition in obese and overweight women. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 259 women with overweight and obesity. Dietary intake was assessed by using an FFQ with 147 items, and DTAC was used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the diet. The anthropometric measurements, body composition, and biochemical assessments were measured by standard protocols. Results. We observed a significant positive association between DTAC and consumption of fruits (P = 0.021), vegetable oils (P < 0.001), potassium (P = 0.006), manganese (P = 0.003), and caffeine (P < 0.001), after adjusting confounders. After adjusting for age, energy intake, and physical activity, there was a significant correlation between DTAC and fat-free mass (FFM) (P:0.054), fat-free mass index (FFMI) (P:0.012), waist circumference (WC) (P:0.002), and visceral fat level (VFL) (P:0.063). FFM, FFMI, waist circumference (WC), and visceral fat area (VFA) were mediated by IL-1β. FFM, VFL, VFA, and WC were mediated by PAI-1. Conclusion. Some anthropometric indices were associated with DTAC, mediated by augmenting serum levels of IL-1β and PAI-1. Intake of foods rich in antioxidants could represent a protective strategy against chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease.
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Peacock, N. W., D. R. Spigel, M. G. Mainwaring, D. S. Thompson, L. Simons, M. S. Rubin, M. McCleod, W. N. Harwin, F. J. Schreiber, and D. A. Yardley. "Preliminary results of a multicenter phase II trial of vinflunine (with trastuzumab in HER2+ pts) as first-line treatment in metastatic breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.1043.
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1043 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) is a new and innovative microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class that achieves high intracellular concentrations. By inhibition of tubulin polymerization, cell proliferation is arrested leading to apoptotic death. Demonstrating anti- angiogenic and vascular disrupting activities, VFL has demonstrated significant efficacy as 2nd line chemotherapy in MBC (M. Campone, BJC 2006). This trial was designed to evaluate the response rate and safety of VFL as 1st line therapy in MBC as well as its activity in combination with trastuzumab in HER2+ MBC pts. Methods: Eligibility: 0 prior regimens for MBC, > 6 mo from adjuvant therapy, RECIST measurable disease, ECOG PS 0–2, adequate organ function, < G2 neuropathy. Treatment: 320 mg/m2 IV over 20 minutes q3 weeks; 280 mg/m2 with trastuzumab 6 mg/kg q3 weeks in HER2+ pts. Response evaluations q9 weeks; treatment continued until progression or toxicity. A total of 96 pts will be enrolled, 48 pts per each of 2 cohorts, HER2- and HER2+. Results: 18 pts are enrolled, 13 pts evaluable for toxicity and 12 pts for response. 3 pts received VFL monotherapy and 10 pts were treated with VFL + trastuzumab. Median age: 59 years (43–78). ECOG PS 0: 9 pts, 1: 3 pts, 2: 1 pt. Prior adjuvant chemo: 7 pts (54%), with 5 prior anthracyclines and 6 prior taxanes. 2 pts received adjuvant hormonal therapy only. 4 pts presented with de novo stage IV HER2+ MBC. Metastatic disease sites: liver: 6 pts, lung: 7 pts, bone: 5 pts, lymph nodes: 6 pts. 46% had 3 or more sites of organ involvement. Median of 3 cycles (range:1 - 11) was delivered. 7 pts (58%, all HER2+) had a PR and 4 pts (33%) achieved SD. Only 1 pt progressed. Heme toxicity: G3/4 neutropenia: 2 pts (16%); no febrile neutropenia was noted. G3 non-heme toxicity consisted of N/V: 2 pts and myalgia, 2 pts. There were no G4 events. 4 pts were hospitalized (vomiting: 2, cerebro-vascular accident: 1, back pain: 1 pt). 92% of pts remain free of progression at 6 months. Median TTP has not been reached. Conclusions: Vinflunine is a promising new drug with a high level of activity as first line MBC therapy, especially in combination with trastuzumab. VFL is well tolerated in this patient population with a manageable toxicity profile. Accrual to this trial continues. [Table: see text]
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Vaughn, D. J., S. Srinivas, W. M. Stadler, R. Pili, D. Petrylak, S. De Marco, D. C. Smith, S. Nason, E. De Wit, and C. George. "Phase II study of single-agent vinflunine in platinum-refractory transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium (TCCU)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 15543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15543.
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15543 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) is a new microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class with clinical activity in TCCU (S. Culine, BJC 2006). This trial was conducted to define VFL activity in platinum-refractory TCCU patients (pts). Methods: Multicenter, single-arm study. Primary endpoint: Objective response rate (Independent Review; WHO criteria). Planned sample size: 150 pts. Main pt eligibility: at least one measurable lesion; documented progression within 12 months of last dose of platinum-containing regimen; calculated creatinine clearance (Cr Cl) = 20 mL/min. VFL 320 mg/m2 IV infusion over 20 minutes was administered every 3 weeks. In pts with poor performance status, prior pelvic irradiation, or renal impairment (Cr Cl 20–60 mL/min), initial dose (ID) was 280 mg/m2, escalated to 320 mg/m2 if well tolerated. Results: Enrollment of 150 pts complete. Baseline pt characteristics (first 118 pts treated): Gender: male 78%, female 22%. Median age: 66 years (range 40–83). Renal impairment: 32%. Prior chemotherapy: cisplatin: 69%; carboplatin: 47%, gemcitabine: 94%. Total of 402 VFL cycles administered (range: 1–12). 320 mg/m2 ID: 35 pts; 280 mg/m2 ID: 83 pts. Main toxicity was hematologic (Grade (G) 3/4): neutropenia: 19%/37%; thrombocytopenia: 3%/0%; anemia: 13%/0%; febrile neutropenia: 320 mg/m2 ID: 5 pts; 280 mg/m2 ID: 3 pts. Main non-hematologic toxicities: constipation: 320 mg/m2 ID: 63% (G3/4: 14%/3%); 280 mg/m2 ID: 59% (G3/4: 12%/1%); fatigue: 320 mg/m2 ID: 43% (G3/4: 6%/0%); 280 mg/m2 ID: 35% (G3/4: 7%/0%). Severe diarrhea or vomiting was infrequent. No G3/4 peripheral neuropathy was noted. Responses have been observed by the investigators, but independent review is on-going. Conclusions: VFL has a manageable toxicity profile in pts with platinum-refractory TCCU. Independently reviewed response rate and other efficacy endpoints of the entire cohort will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Rex Ghormley, N. "VFL 3—A rigid gas permeable bifocal." International Contact Lens Clinic 20, no. 5-6 (May 1993): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-8967(93)90123-9.
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De Velasco, Guillermo, Isabel Chirivella, Belen Gonzalez-Grajera, Ovidio Fernandez Calvo, Alvaro Pinto, Nicolas Mohedano, Carmen Santander, and Daniel E. Castellano. "Vinflunine (VFL) as second-line chemotherapy for patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium (TCCU): A multicenter retrospective study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e15620-e15620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e15620.
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e15620 Background: VFL is the standard chemotherapy in second-line advanced TCCU in Europe (EMA approval 21/09/2009). We set up a multicenter retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of VFL in patients (pts) with advanced TCCU after platinum failure within the framework of routine practice. Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study in pts who had demonstrated prior progression to a platinum-containing chemotherapy regimen at 7 centers. VFL standard dose (280-320/m2 every three weeks) was administered until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Objective response was evaluated according to RECIST criteria v.1.1. Results: Between April 2010 and December 2012, a total of 45 pts with median age of 68 years (range 47-83) were analyzed. Main characteristics: ECOG 0-1-2 in 7pts (15.6%), 33pts (73.3%), 5pts (11.1%). Mean creatinine clearance was 59 ml/min. Primary sites of disease were bladder 39pts (86.7%), renal pelvis 5pts (11.1%) and prostatic urethra 1pt (2.2%). All pts had previously received platinum-based chemotherapy as a first-line treatment (cisplatin in 45% of pts). Metastatic locations were: 27pts (60%) lymph nodes, 18pts (40%) lung, 13pts (29%) bone and 10pts (22%) liver. The median number of cycles of VFL was 5 (1-18). All pts were assessed for response, one (2.2%) patient presented complete response (CR), 11pts (24.4%) partial response (PR), 18pts (40%) stable disease (SD) and 15pts (33.4%) progressive disease (PD). Median progression-free survival was 4 months (95% CI, 2.2-5.7). Median overall survival (OS) was 11 months (95% CI, 3.5-18). OS at 6 months was 45%. Liver metastasis was the main prognostic factor for OS (p=0.04). Grade 3/4 adverse events included neutropenia 6pts (13%), constipation 4pts (9%), abdominal pain 4pts (9%) and nausea/vomiting 3pts (6%). Conclusions: This retrospective analysis confirm VFL as an active agent in pts progressing after platinum-based combination for advanced TCCU in a daily clinical practice in Spain. As ESMO (Bellmunt J, 2011) and Spanish (Castellano D, 2012) guidelines recommend vinflunine, it should be offered in this setting or alternatively, treatment within a clinical trial.
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Saliba, F., B. Paule, R. Adam, D. Castaing, D. Azoulay, I. Ogier, M. Pinel, V. Cadic, and M. Delgado. "Vinflunine in patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and liver impairment." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 15023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15023.
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15023 Background: In patients (pts) with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis, systemic chemotherapy has most commonly been associated with a very low response rate and high toxicity leading to death from liver failure. Vinflunine (VFL) is a new microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class which has demonstrated clinical activity in several tumour types. Methods: A phase I trial was designed to determine VFL dose adjustments in cancer pts with various degrees of liver dysfunction. A high number of pts with HCC and concomitant liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh grades A and B) were included in the study (18/30 pts). Therefore, a subgroup analysis was carried out in order to determine the safety profile of VFL in these pts (NCI-CTC version 2.0) and to estimate its anti-tumour activity (WHO criteria). Results: Eighteen pts (15 males) of median age 60.7 [26.4–75.3] years with advanced stage and unresectable HCC were treated with VFL. All these pts were outside Milan criteria and ineligible for liver transplantation. Thirteen pts had been previously treated by chemotherapy. The WHO performance status was 0: 11 pts, 1: 5 pts, 2: 2 pts. They received a median number of 4 cycles [1.0–31.0] of different doses of VFL according to the severity of the underlying liver impairment 320 mg/m2 (3 pts), or 250 mg/m2 (6 pts) or 200 mg/m2 (9 pts). One partial response (PR) was observed while 11 pts (61.1%) had stable disease (SD) yielding a disease control rate (PR + SD) of 66.7%. The median progression free survival was 3.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6–6.0]. Haematological toxicity: grades (G) 3 anaemia = 4 pts, G3/4 neutropenia = 11 pts, G3 thrombocytopenia = 7 pts, no febrile neutropenia. Other G3 toxicities included G3 abdominal pain (2 pts), constipation (3 pts), neutropenic infection (1 pt). Six pts experienced G3 (5 pts) or 4 (1 pt) fatigue. Conclusions: Vinflunine can be given safely at 320 mg/m2 or 250 mg/m2 or 200 mg/m2 in pts with unresectable advanced HCC with different degrees of liver impairment. The disease control rate is promising (66.7%). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Kubiak, Andrzej, Matteo Chighizola, Carsten Schulte, Natalia Bryniarska, Julita Wesołowska, Maciej Pudełek, Małgorzata Lasota, et al. "Stiffening of DU145 prostate cancer cells driven by actin filaments – microtubule crosstalk conferring resistance to microtubule-targeting drugs." Nanoscale 13, no. 12 (2021): 6212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr06464e.
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Cell stiffening induced by anticancer microtubule targeting drugs (MTDs) such as vinflunine (VFL), colchicine (COL), and docetaxel (DTX) can be driven by crosstalk between actin filaments and microtubules.
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Chang, Chen-Yu, and Yung-Hsu Hsieh. "Degradation of Semiconductor Manufacturing Wastewater by Using a Novel Magnetic Composite TiO2/Fe3O4Photoreactor Design." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/413542.
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The purpose of this research is to develop a photocatalytic TiO2that can be activated by visible light and can be conveniently recollected for reusing. This research synthesizes the 20 to 40 nm TiO2/Fe3O4particles with magnetization of 5.8 emu/g using the modified sol-gel method followed by 500°C calcinations. The experiment verified that visible fluorescent light (VFL, contains no UV-A) could activate the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Fe3O4particles as did ultraviolet A light (UV-A, 360 nm). Regular magnets can be used to separate TiO2/Fe3O4particles from solution. The results indicate that VFL-sirradiated TiO2/Fe3O4particles could decompose isopropanol (IPA) in the absence of UV-A and the issue of TiO2/Fe3O4recollection from water for reusing is also resolved.
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Ickin, Selim, Markus Fiedler, and Konstantinos Vandikas. "QoE Modeling on Split Features with Distributed Deep Learning." Network 1, no. 2 (August 28, 2021): 165–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/network1020011.
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The development of Quality of Experience (QoE) models using Machine Learning (ML) is challenging, since it can be difficult to share datasets between research entities to protect the intellectual property of the ML model and the confidentiality of user studies in compliance with data protection regulations such as General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This makes distributed machine learning techniques that do not necessitate sharing of data or attribute names appealing. One suitable use case in the scope of QoE can be the task of mapping QoE indicators for the perception of quality such as Mean Opinion Scores (MOS), in a distributed manner. In this article, we present Distributed Ensemble Learning (DEL), and Vertical Federated Learning (vFL) to address this context. Both approaches can be applied to datasets that have different feature sets, i.e., split features. The DEL approach is ML model-agnostic and achieves up to 12% accuracy improvement of ensembling various generic and specific models. The vFL approach is based on neural networks and achieves on-par accuracy with a conventional Fully Centralized machine learning model, while exhibiting statistically significant performance that is superior to that of the Isolated local models with an average accuracy improvement of 26%. Moreover, energy-efficient vFL with reduced network footprint and training time is obtained by further tuning the model hyper-parameters.
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Bagheri, Fariba, Fereydoun Siassi, Fariba Koohdani, Behzad Mahaki, Mostafa Qorbani, Parvaneh Yavari, Osman Mohammed Shaibu, and Gity Sotoudeh. "Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns are related to pre-diabetes: a case–control study." British Journal of Nutrition 116, no. 5 (July 25, 2016): 874–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516002634.
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AbstractPre-diabetes increases the risk of diabetes and CVD. Several studies have investigated the relationship between food intake and pre-diabetes morbidity, but the dietary patterns of pre-diabetes subjects were not taken into consideration. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and pre-diabetes. In this regard, 150 pre-diabetic subjects and 150 healthy controls, who attended the diabetes screening centre in Shahreza, Iran, were matched for age group and sex. The weight, height, waist circumference, physical activity, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and blood glucose levels of all participants were measured. Dietary information was collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Using factor analysis, two dietary patterns were identified: the vegetables, fruits and legumes (VFL) dietary pattern and the sweet, solid fat, meat and mayonnaise (SSMM) dietary pattern. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between pre-diabetes and dietary patterns. After adjusting for age, education, physical activity, BMI and energy intake, the VFL dietary pattern was found to be negatively associated with lower pre-diabetes (OR 0·16; 95 % CI 0·10, 0·26). Furthermore, the SSMM dietary pattern was positively associated with pre-diabetes (OR 5·45; 95 % CI 3·22, 9·23). In conclusion, the VFL dietary pattern is inversely related to pre-diabetes, whereas the SSMM dietary pattern is associated with increased risk of pre-diabetes.
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Peyton, J. D., D. R. Spigel, J. D. Hainsworth, D. A. Yardley, H. A. Burris, E. Vazquez, C. Farley, L. Porter, S. Lunin, and F. A. Greco. "Phase II trial of vinflunine in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 18091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.18091.
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18091 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) is a novel microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class which has demonstrated significant preclinical activity in a small cell lung cancer (SCLC) model and antitumor activity in several other tumor types. This multicenter community- based trial was designed to examine the role of VFL in patients (pts) with relapsed SCLC. Methods: The primary endpoint is objective response rate (ORR). Eligibility criteria: previously treated SCLC (sensitive or refractory relapsed pts; limited to 1 prior platinum or non-platinum therapy for limited- or extensive-stage disease), ECOG PS 0–2, measurable disease, and informed consent. Treatment: VFL 320 mg/m2 IV over 20 minutes day 1 every 21 days for up to 6 cycles. Pts were restaged every 6 weeks. This 2-stage trial was designed to achieve a 20% ORR in platinum-sensitive pts (per RECIST criteria). Results: 29 pts were enrolled from 3/06 to 12/06 (trial ongoing, n=41 planned). Data are available for 16 pts in this analysis. Baseline characteristics: median age 64 years; male/female, 63%/37%; ECOG PS 0/1/2, 25%/50%/25%; and sensitive relapse, 50%. 3 partial response have been observed (ORR 19%, 95% CI 4%-46%). 3 pts (19%) had stable disease and 7 pts (44%) had progressive disease. 3 pts were not evaluable due to: treatment-related toxicity (sepsis; constipation); declining PS, 1 pt each. With a median follow-up of 5 months, the median progression-free survival and overall survival are 1.7 months and 3.6 months, respectively. Grade (G) 3/4 non-hematologic toxicity occurring in more than 1 pt: constipation, dyspnea, fatigue, and hyponatremia (13% each). G3/4 hematologic toxicity: leukopenia (44%), neutropenia (38%), and thrombocytopenia (6%). There have been no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions: VFL appears active as second-line treatment for SCLC. Additional assessment of myelosuppression is needed to better assess VFL’s role. Completion of accrual is anticipated by 4/07. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Fougeray, Ronan, Toni K. Choueiri, Francesc Pons, Fabio Augusto Barros Schutz, Yacine Salhi, Jonathan E. Rosenberg, and Joaquim Bellmunt. "Impact of first-line platinum therapy on survival in patients with platinum-refractory advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium (TCCU) treated with vinflunine." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e15007-e15007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e15007.
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e15007 Background: Standard first-line therapy of advanced TCCU is based on cisplatin-based combinations. In patients deemed unfit to receive CISPLATIN, carboplatin-based or non-platinum combinations are considered. A phase III trial comparing vinflunine (VFL) and best supportive care (BSC) with BSC alone for second-line treatment of advanced TCCU patients demonstrated a survival advantage for VFL+BSC. We studied the impact of the first-line platinum therapy on overall survival in second line setting. Methods: Eligible 357 patients of the phase III study were split in the two following subsets: CISPLATIN (Patients with prior CISPLATIN administration) and NO CISPLATIN (patients without prior CISPLATIN administration). Survival was measured from the date of random assignment. Overall Survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method, with log-rank comparisons. Multivariate Analysis of OS was analyzed with the Cox proportional hazards model, including prognostic factors for second-line setting previously identified (Bellmunt, 2010). Updated survival data in 11/2008 cut-off date was used. Results: CISPLATIN group represented 70.3% (n=251) and NO CISPLATIN 29,7% (n= 106). CISPLATIN group had less Liver involvement (25% vs 43%, p=0.0007) and better WHO-PS (>1: 66% vs 76%; p=0.0478). OS was higher in CISPLATIN group for all eligible patients (HR: 0.77; CI 95% 0.61-0.97; p=0.0294), for VFL+BSC arm (HR: 0.78; CI 95% 0.59-1.02; p=0.0693) and for BSC arm (HR: 0.68; CI 95% 0.42-1.08; p=0.0978). Multivariate analysis including prognostic factors (liver involvement, hemoglobin, PS) and prior platinum administration, did not show effect of CDDP on OS. VFL reduced the risk of death by 24% in CDDP-group (HR: 0.76; CI 95% 0.58-0.99; p=0.043) and by 35% in NO CDDP –group (HR: 0.65; CI 95% 0.41-1.04; p=0.0724). Conclusions: Differences in prognostic factors between CISPLATIN and NO CISPLATIN groups may explain the differences in OS in patients who undergo 2nd line therapy. The choice of Cisplatin or no Cisplatin chemotherapy in the first line did not impact subsequent benefit of vinflunine over best supportive care.
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SHI, Minjia, Yan LIU, and Patrick SOLÉ. "MacWilliams Identities of Linear Codes with Respect to RT Metric over Mn×s(Fl+vFl+v2Fl)." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E97.A, no. 8 (2014): 1810–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e97.a.1810.
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Shah, U., H. K. Sanoff, B. H. O’Neil, T. E. Stinchcombe, K. Keller, D. Carrizosa, C. M. Walko, L. Buie, W. Chiu, and E. C. Dees. "A phase I trial of pemetrexed and vinflunine (VFL)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2008): 13508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.13508.
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Khan, Afsana, Marijn ten Thij, and Anna Wilbik. "Communication-Efficient Vertical Federated Learning." Algorithms 15, no. 8 (August 4, 2022): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15080273.
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Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed learning approach that allows multiple parties to jointly build machine learning models without disclosing sensitive data. Although FL has solved the problem of collaboration without compromising privacy, it has a significant communication overhead due to the repetitive updating of models during training. Several studies have proposed communication-efficient FL approaches to address this issue, but adequate solutions are still lacking in cases where parties must deal with different data features, also referred to as vertical federated learning (VFL). In this paper, we propose a communication-efficient approach for VFL that compresses the local data of clients, and then aggregates the compressed data from all clients to build an ML model. Since local data are shared in compressed form, the privacy of these data is preserved. Experiments on publicly available benchmark datasets using our proposed method show that the final model obtained by aggregation of compressed data from clients outperforms the performance of the local models of the clients.
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Jiang, Xue, Xuebing Zhou, and Jens Grossklags. "Comprehensive Analysis of Privacy Leakage in Vertical Federated Learning During Prediction." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2022, no. 2 (March 3, 2022): 263–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0045.
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Abstract Vertical federated learning (VFL), a variant of federated learning, has recently attracted increasing attention. An active party having the true labels jointly trains a model with other parties (referred to as passive parties) in order to use more features to achieve higher model accuracy. During the prediction phase, all the parties collaboratively compute the predicted confidence scores of each target record and the results will be finally returned to the active party. However, a recent study by Luo et al. [28] pointed out that the active party can use these confidence scores to reconstruct passive-party features and cause severe privacy leakage. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of privacy leakage in VFL frameworks during the prediction phase. Our study improves on previous work [28] regarding two aspects. We first design a general gradient-based reconstruction attack framework that can be flexibly applied to simple logistic regression models as well as multi-layer neural networks. Moreover, besides performing the attack under the white-box setting, we give the first attempt to conduct the attack under the black-box setting. Extensive experiments on a number of real-world datasets show that our proposed attack is effective under different settings and can achieve at best twice or thrice of a reduction of attack error compared to previous work [28]. We further analyze a list of potential mitigation approaches and compare their privacy-utility performances. Experimental results demonstrate that privacy leakage from the confidence scores is a substantial privacy risk in VFL frameworks during the prediction phase, which cannot be simply solved by crypto-based confidentiality approaches. On the other hand, processing the confidence scores with information compression and randomization approaches can provide strengthened privacy protection.
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Hamm, Rüdiger, Angelika Jäger, and Christina Fischer. "Fußball und Regionalentwicklung. Eine Analyse der regionalwirtschaftlichen Effekte eines Fußball-Bundesliga-Vereins – dargestellt am Beispiel des Borussia VfL 1900 Mönchengladbach." Raumforschung und Raumordnung 74, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13147-016-0389-4.
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Zusammenfassung Fußball – die wichtigste Nebensache der Welt – ist nicht nur die beliebteste Sportart in Deutschland, sondern inzwischen auch Forschungsgegenstand verschiedenster Wissenschaftsdisziplinen. So finden beispielsweise die regionalwirtschaftlichen Effekte von Fußballvereinen das Interesse von Regionalökonomen und politikberatender Forschung. Denn während sich das sportliche Hauptgeschehen auf dem Platz abspielt, ergeben sich mit der Beliebtheit des Vereins steigende ökonomische Effekte für die Vereinsstandorte. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert auf der Basis einer Fallstudie des Erstligisten Borussia VfL 1900 Mönchengladbach, wie sich die nachfrage- und angebotsseitigen Effekte eines Fußballvereins auf seine Standortregion – in diesem Fall den Mittleren Niederrhein und die Stadt Mönchengladbach – auswirken. Einerseits werden die Wertschöpfungseffekte des Vereins Borussia VfL 1900 Mönchengladbach für die Standortregion auf fast 100 Mio. € jährlich geschätzt. Zudem werden durch den Verein etwa 1.075 Arbeitsplätze gesichert. Andererseits wird im Rahmen der durchgeführten Analysen ein – grundsätzlich schwer zu quantifizierender, aber dennoch erheblicher – Effekt des Vereins auf Wahrnehmung, Bekanntheit und Image seiner Standortregion nachgewiesen. Zudem deuten die Resultate auf die Entstehung eines „psychischen Einkommens“ in der Bevölkerung hin. Zusammenfassend kann der Verein als ein bedeutender und wertvoller Standortfaktor identifiziert werden.
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De Santis, Maria, Pawel J. Wiechno, Christel Lucas, Wu-Chou Su, Laurence Albiges, Chia-Chi Lin, Joaquim Bellmunt, et al. "Feasibility and activity of two vinflunine (VFL)-based combinations as first-line chemotherapy (CT) in CDDP-unfit patients (pts) with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC): VFL-gemcitabine (GEM) or VFL-CBDCA in a randomized international phase II trial (JASINT)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2014): 4534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.4534.
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JARVIK, JONATHAN W., and JOSEPH P. SUHAN. "The role of the flagellar transition region: inferences from the analysis of a Chlamydomonas mutant with defective transition region structures." Journal of Cell Science 99, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 731–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.99.4.731.
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Thin-section electron microscopy of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant vfl-2 revealed striking defects in the transition region between basal body and flagellum. In place of the highly organized transition cylinders and stellate fibers characteristic of wild type, variable quantities of poorly organized electron-dense material were present. In many cases the transition region was penetrated by central pair microtubules that passed from the axoneme into the basal body. On the basis of these observations we propose that an important function of the structures present in the normal transition region is to physically exclude the central pair microtubules from the basal body. The transition region is the site of flagellar autotomy – the process by which doublet microtubules are severed and flagella are released from the cell. It has been claimed that autotomy is caused by contraction of the centrin-containing stellate fibers, resulting in the mechanical severing of the doublet microtubules and a concomitant reduction of the diameter of the axoneme adjacent to the abscission point. Our observations do not support this claim in that vfl-2 cells, which lack organized stellate fibers, display effective autotomy unaccompanied by detectable narrowing of the axoneme.
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Eriksen, Harald. "Vurdering for læring i norskfaget: Om lærerens skriftlige tilbakemeldinger på skriftlige tekster." Acta Didactica Norge 11, no. 1 (March 22, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/adno.4078.
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Vurdering for læring (VfL) er et stadig voksende forskningsfelt, og det har hatt betydelig innflytelse på norsk utdanningspolitikk gjennom både lovendringer og større satsinger der det er investert mye i undervisningsressurser, etterutdanning av lærere og lokalt forankrete utviklingsprosjekter. Det er imidlertid lite forskning på hvordan denne satsingen manifesterer seg i praksis, og spesielt med hensyn til VfL i norskfaget. I denne artikkelen presenteres resultater av en undersøkelse av seks norsklæreres skriftlige tilbakemeldinger til egne elever på 171 skriftlige heldagsprøver i norsk, gitt tilbake til elevene med cirka ni uker igjen av skoleåret. Tilbakemeldingene er kvalitativt analysert og kategorisert i en eksplorerende studie. Funnene indikerer at lærerne langt på vei gir elevene tilbakemeldinger som er i tråd med anbefalingene fra sentral VfL-forskning om hva som kjennetegner formative tilbakemeldinger, men at det samtidig er betydelig variasjon.Nøkkelord: vrdering for læring, vurdering av læring, skriftlig norsk, lærers tilbakemelding, formativ vurdering, skriveopplæringAbstractAssessment for learning (AfL), known from extensive international research has made a considerable impact on Norwegian educational policy, including changes in assessment regulations. This has been accompanied by excessive amount of resources invested in training teachers, schools staff, development of materials, and alike. However, there is little research investigating to what extent and in what ways these efforts have manifested themselves in Norwegian language arts. This article reports on teachers’ written response to students’ assignments in a high-stakes writing test shortly before an important national exam and at the end of their upper-secondary education. Six teachers from two schools and their six classes in general studies participated, and teachers’ comments on student texts (N = 171) were analyzed. Analyses were conducted qualitatively through categorization in an explorative study. Findings show that, with the exception of one, teachers to a fairly high degree give feedback in line with the recommendations from research on AfL and cover both language and content. However, there were differences observed in all aspects of feedback among individual teachers. Keywords: assessment for learning, assessment of learning, Norwegian language arts, teacher’s written feedback, formative assessment, writing instruction
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Polo, Susana Hernando, Aranzazu Gonzalez del Alba, Begoña Perez-Valderrama, José Carlos Villa Guzman, Miguel Angel Climent, Nuria Lainez, Albert Font, et al. "Vinflunine maintenance therapy versus best supportive care after platinum combination in advanced bladder cancer: A phase II, randomized, open label, study (MAJA study, SOGUG 2011-02)—Interim analysis on safety." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2014): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.4_suppl.359.
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359 Background: Vinflunine (VFL) is a novel microtubule inhibitor currently approved by EMA as treatment after platinum progression, in metastasic bladder cancer. We evaluated whether maintenance vinflunine delays progression after response to CT. Methods: Multicenter, randomized, open label, proof-of-concept study that is being performed in 21 institutions members of the Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group (SOGUG). Subjects are randomized to receive (arm A) VFL 320 mg/m2 (280mg/m2 for patients with PS=1, age ≥ 75 years, prior pelvic radiotherapy or creatinine clearance Cr <60ml/min) every 21 days plus best supportive care (BSC) vs. (arm B) BSC alone until disease progression. Main inclusion criteria: Subjects ≥18 and< 80 years of age with histological diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract and measurable disease whith radiological response or stabilization after 4 to 6 cy of a cisplatin-containing doublet for metastasic/advanced disease (carboplatin allowed on cy 5-6). Primary objective: progression free survival (PFS). A sample size of 86 patients allocated in a 1:1 ratio is planned. Recruitment started on April 2012. A pharmacogenomic translational study will be conducted. Results: To September 2013, 46 pts have been enrolled, 20 in the VFL+BSC group, 26 in the BSC group. We present the results of the interim analysis including data from first 25 patients who have completed at least 2 cycles. Median age 65.6 years (range 54-77); PS 0/1, 44%/56%; CrCl <60 ml/min 16%; liver metastasis 16%; prior pelvic RT 8%. Primary tumour location: bladder 76%, upper urinary tract 20%, urethra 4%. Pure transitional cells 84%. Metastatic/locoregional disease, 72% / 28%. We analyzed 63 cy in the chemotherapy arm. Most common G3/4 (% cycles) AEs on vinflunine were constipation (12.7%), neutropenia (7.9%), fatigue (4.8%), myalgia (3.2%). One death was reported due to dyspnea, not related to the treatment. No febrile neutropenia was reported at the time of the analysis. Conclusions: Maintenance with vinflunine presented an acceptable security profile leading to trial continuation. Clinical trial information: 2011-001271-39.
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Meluch, A. A., D. R. Spigel, H. A. Burris, F. A. Greco, J. Gandhi, E. Crane, T. M. Markus, and J. D. Hainsworth. "Vinflunine (VFL) as salvage chemotherapy in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2008): 16059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.16059.
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Boss, Paul K., Lekha Sreekantan, and Mark R. Thomas. "A grapevine TFL1 homologue can delay flowering and alter floral development when overexpressed in heterologous species." Functional Plant Biology 33, no. 1 (2006): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp05191.
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Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) have unusual plant architecture in that the shoot apical meristem produces both vegetative structures and primordia that are capable of forming inflorescences at regular intervals. These primordia are termed ‘uncommitted’ and differentiate into inflorescences or tendrils depending on the environment in which they are produced. To investigate the molecular relationship between tendrils and inflorescences and vine architecture, we cloned a TFL1 homologue from grapevine (VvTFL1). VvTFL1 is expressed in shoot apices early in latent bud development and in buds soon after bud burst. The grapevine homologue of LEAFY, VFL, is expressed at the same stages as VvTFL1 as well as in the later stages of inflorescence development. Neither VvTFL1 nor VFL were detected in tendrils. VvTFL1 was overexpressed in tobacco and Arabidopsis to confirm that it was functionally similar to TFL1 and not the close homologue FT. Flowering was delayed significantly in tobacco and Arabidopsis transformants overexpressing VvTFL1. However, an unexpected phenotype was observed in some of the transgenic Arabidopsis lines where the floral meristem became indeterminate and a new inflorescence would emerge from within the developing silique. Our findings suggest that VvTFL1 is a repressor of floral development. The nucleotide sequence reported in this paper has been submitted to GenBank under the accession number AF378127 (VvTFL1).
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Rubio, Luis A., George Grant, Susan Bardocz, Peter Dewey, and Arpad Pusztai. "Nutritional response of growing rats to faba beans (Vicia faba L., minor) and faba bean fractions." British Journal of Nutrition 66, no. 3 (November 1991): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19910053.
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The effects of raw faba bean (Vicia faba L., minor) meal (VFM) and its fractions on the growth and nitrogen utilization of rats have been determined in two experiments. Two commercial varieties of VFM were tested, local VFM (409–439 g/kg diet) and Troy VFM (439 g/kg diet). The bean fractions tested were V. faba lectin-depleted protein (VFDP), V. faba lectin (VFL) and V. faba cotyledon residue (VFCR). All diets were supplemented with amino acids to target requirements. Body-weight, body N and lipid contents of rats fed on VFM were reduced significantly in comparison with control rats fed on lactalbumin. This was due, in part, to the lower digestibility of the protein, lipid and dry matter (DM) of VFM diets. As a result, net protein utilization (NPU) and biological value (BV) of faba bean proteins were less than expected. Urine and urea-N outputs of the VFM-fed rats were also elevated in both experiments. Increasing the energy content of local VFM diets led to significantly higher dry body-weight, body N and lipid contents, with the result that the NPU and BV values of the protein also increased. However, the NPU values for VFM-fed rats were still significantly lower than those for the controls in both experiments. In contrast, true N, lipid and DM digestibilities in rats given local VFM were not significantly affected by the difference in the energy content of the diets. The replacement of two-thirds of the lactalbumin in the diet with VFDP (65 g/kg) reduced dry body-weight, N and lipid contents, NPU and BV compared with the control rats, even though N, lipid and DM digestibilities were not significantly different. The nutritional performance of rats fed on lactalbumin-based diets containing 7 g VFL/kg was similar to that of the controls. Similarly, the inclusion of the cotyledon residue (237 g VFCR/kg diet) had no appreciable effect on any of the variables studied. As VFL and VFCR had no antinutritional effects in these rats, it appears that the low nutritional value of VFM for rats (NPU 0.66) results not only from the low digestibility of the bean proteins, but also from disturbances in N metabolism.
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Sun, Xiao, Kai Su, and Chunxiao Fan. "VFL—A deep learning-based framework for classifying walking gaits into emotions." Neurocomputing 473 (February 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2021.12.007.
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Kadarsah, Anang, Krisdianto Krisdianto, and Ika Oksi Susilawati. "Kajian Morfologi Ikan Timpakul (Famili Gobiidae) dari Dua Tipe Ekosistem Mangrove yang Berbeda." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sst.v5i1.322.
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<p><em>Abstrak</em> - <strong>Kajian ekologi</strong> <strong>hewan eksotik seperti ikan Timpakul pada </strong><strong>ekosistem mangrove penting digali selain memperkaya pengetahuan juga menjadi landasan pengelolaan biodiversitas secara keseluruhan. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan kelimpahan dan morfologi ikan Timpakul (Famili: <em>Gobiidae</em>) pada dua tipe ekosistem mangrove di Muara Kuala Tambangan dan Pantai Pagatan Besar, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan. Survei data dan penangkapan ikan menggunakan jaring 1 meter x 10 meter dengan 10 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan tiga jenis ikan Timpakul yakni: <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, Periophthalmodon schlosseri, dan Boleophthalmus boddarti</em>. Vegetasi <em>Rhizophora</em> sp. dan <em>Bruguiera</em>sp. dominan pada Muara Kuala Tambangan (65,8% dan 34,2%), sedangkan di Pantai Pagatan Besar didominasi <em>Bruguiera</em> Sp. (50,8%)dan <em>Avicennia </em>sp. (49,2%). Persentase kehadiran <em>Boleopthalmus pectinirostris </em>tertinggi di Pantai Pagatan Besar (64%), sedangkan di Muara Kuala Tambangan lebih dominan <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti </em>(71,11%). Berdasarkan lima karakter utama morfologi terpilih (SL=panjang standar</strong><strong>, HL=panjang kepala</strong><strong>, FDFB=Panjang dasar sirip dorsal pertama</strong><strong>, SDFB=Panjang dasar sirip dorsal kedu</strong><strong>a, dan VFL=Panjang Sirip Ventral </strong><strong>: satuan mm), rerata tertinggi </strong><strong>dijumpai pada <em>Periophthalmodon schlosseri </em>(SL=167,50</strong><strong>:HL=46,67</strong><strong>:FDFB=22,17</strong><strong>: SDFB=35,33 dan VFL=24,17</strong><strong>), disusul <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris</em> (SL=131,89</strong><strong>:HL=31,22</strong><strong>: FDFB=21,67</strong><strong>:SDFB=49,67 dan VFL=17,11) </strong><strong>kemudian yang terakhir <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti</em> (SL=130,55</strong><strong>:HL=30,64</strong><strong>:FDFB=18,27</strong><strong>:SDFB=52,73 dan VFL=16,73). Persentase rerata kandungan substrat (pasir:debu:liat) di Muara Kuala Tambangan 17,26</strong><strong>%:77,52</strong><strong>%:5,21</strong><strong>% sedangkan di Pantai Pagatan Besar perbandingannya adalah 3,52</strong><strong>%: 85,46</strong><strong>%:11,03</strong><strong>%.</strong></p><p><em>Abstract -</em> <strong>Ecological studies of exotic animals such as Timpakul fish </strong><strong>(Family of Gobiidae) in mangrove ecosystems </strong><strong>is important to enriching </strong><strong>the knowledge and </strong><strong>for the overall </strong><strong>of biodiversity management. The purpose of this study was to compare the abundance and morphology of Timpakul fish in two types of mangrove ecosystems</strong><strong>. especially in </strong><strong>the Village of Kuala Tambangan and Pagatan Besar, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan. Survey data and fishing</strong><strong> was </strong><strong>used by 1 meter x 10 meters </strong><strong>of nets with 10 replications. </strong><strong>Its found </strong><strong>about three types of Timpakul fish</strong><strong>, ie: <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, Periophthalmodon schlosseri,</em> <em>and Boleophthalmus boddarti</em>. <em>Rhizophora</em> sp. </strong><strong>and <em>Bruguiera</em></strong><strong> Sp. </strong><strong>types vegetation </strong><strong>were dominant</strong><strong>ly in Kuala Tambangan estuary (65.8% and 34.2%), while in Pagatan Besar </strong><strong>beach</strong><strong> it is dominated by <em>Bruguiera </em>Sp. (50.8%) and <em>Avicennia</em> sp. (49.2%). The highest percentage </strong><strong>attendance in Pagatan Besar Beach </strong><strong>is found for <em>Boleopthalmus pectinirostris</em> (64%), while in Kuala Tambangan </strong><strong>Estuary</strong><strong> was dominant</strong><strong>ly by <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti</em> (71.11%). Based on the five main morphological characters (SL=standard length, HL=head length, FDFB=first dorsal fin base, SDFB=second dorsal fin base length, and VFL=Ventral fin length: </strong><strong>in mm </strong><strong>of unit), </strong><strong>so the highest average was found in <em>Periophthalmodon schlosseri</em> (SL=167.50:HL=46.67:FDFB=22.17:SDFB=35.33 and VFL = 24.17)</strong><strong>. It is followed by <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris</em> (SL = 131.89: HL = 31.22: FDFB = 21.67: SDFB = 49.67 and VFL = 17.11). Then the</strong><strong> lowest </strong><strong>is <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti</em> (SL = 130.55: HL = 30.64: FDFB = 18.27: SDFB = 52.73 and VFL = 16, 73). </strong><strong>Substrate content (sand: dust: clay) </strong><strong>percentage </strong><strong>average in Kuala Tambangan estuary </strong><strong>is 17.26%:77.52%:5.21% while in Pagatan Beach the ratio is 3.52%: 85.46%: 11.03%</strong><strong>.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> -<em> </em><em>Abundance, Mangrove, Morphology, Mudskipper</em></p><p> </p>
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Donoso, Alejandra. "Camino, Base y Manera en español y sueco." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 48, no. 1 (June 21, 2013): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.48.1.01don.
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This study surveys how Spanish and Swedish speakers convey information about Motion. The point of departure is the typological description about satellite-framed languages (SFL) and verb-framed languages (VFL) which claims that these language groups differ in how they codify Path and Manner. The data consist of 16 oral narratives in Swedish (SFL) and 16 in Spanish (VFL). Based on the assumption that the lexicalization patterns for motion encoding module how speakers of different languages convey information in discourse (Talmy, 2000; Slobin, 1996a), we hypothesize that the Swedes will offer a wider range of descriptions concerning Manner and Path than the Spanish speakers, whereas the latter group will exhibit high-grained descriptions about the Ground or settings where the action takes place. The first hypothesis is confirmed, the second is partially rejected: both groups offer detailed Ground descriptions, though the Swedes express to a greater extent the final destination of motion events. Even more, our findings suggest that the encoding of end states of motion is highly tied to the use of various satellites, which can be combined both with verbs that express a direction and with verbs which do not involve such information. The characteristic syntactic patterns found in satellite-framed languages for information encoding plus the existence of schematic constructions in Swedish might be an explanation for these results.
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De Santis, M., P. J. Wiechno, C. Lucas, C. Lin, W. Su, J. Bellmunt, K. Legrand, R. Fougeray, and S. Culine. "Mature Survival (Os) Data of a Randomised International Phase Ii Trial (Jasint1): Vinflunine (Vfl)-Gemcitabine (Gem) Vs. Vfl-Cbdca in Cddp-Unfit Patients (Pts) with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma (Uc)." Annals of Oncology 25 (September 2014): iv282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdu337.5.
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