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Academic literature on the topic 'Veterans Mental health Australia Case studies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Veterans Mental health Australia Case studies"

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Tran, Nam, Jeffrey W. Poss, Christopher Perlman, and John P. Hirdes. "Case-Mix Classification for Mental Health Care in Community Settings: A Scoping Review." Health Services Insights 12 (January 2019): 117863291986224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178632919862248.

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As mental health care transitions from facility-based care to community-based services, methods to classify patients in terms of their expected health care resource use are an essential tool to balance the health care needs and equitable allocation of health care resources. This study performed a scoping review to summarize the nature, extent, and range of research on case-mix classifications used to predict mental health care resource use in community settings. This study identified 17 eligible studies with 32 case-mix classification systems published since the 1980s. Most of these studies came from the USA Veterans Affairs and Medicare systems, and the most recent studies came from Australia. There were a wide variety of choices of input variables and measures of resource use. However, much of the variance in observed resource use was not accounted for by these case-mix systems. The research activity specific to case-mix classification for community mental health care was modest. More consideration should be given to the appropriateness of the input variables, resource use measure, and evaluation of predictive performance. Future research should take advantage of testing case-mix systems developed in other settings for community mental health care settings, if possible.
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Conn, David K., Ian Ferguson, Krystyna Mandelman, and Carol Ward. "Psychotropic Drug Utilization in Long-Term-Care Facilities for the Elderly in Ontario, Canada." International Psychogeriatrics 11, no. 3 (September 1999): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610299005797.

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Objective: Despite considerable data from a number of countries regarding psychotropic utilization in long-term-care facilities for the elderly, there has been a lack of similar data from Canada. The purpose of this study was to gather prescription data from a series of institutions in Ontario and to compare the results to those of other international studies. Method: Single-day surveys were carried out in six homes for the aged, four nursing homes, two retirement homes, and a veterans' center. The results were compared to those of recent studies from other countries. Results: The data revealed considerable differences in rates of prescription between different classes of institutions and between similarly classified institutions. The prescription rate of neuroleptics ranged from 11.8% (of patients) in retirement homes to 29.8% in nursing homes. Antidepressant use ranged from 12.2% in nursing homes to 24.6% in homes for the aged, and benzodiazepine use ranged from 22.5% in nursing homes to 36.4% in retirement homes. Conclusions: The overall rate of prescription for psychotropic medications was somewhat lower than in most international studies. The rate of prescription of neuroleptics in nursing homes fell in the midrange of studies, somewhat higher than in recent studies from the United States and an earlier Italian study, but lower than in recent reports from Sweden, Austria, and Australia. The rate of neuroleptic use in homes for the aged was comparable to the rate in the U.S. studies. The overall rate of prescription of antidepressants and benzodiazepines appears to be comparable to that in recent studies from other countries.
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Gray, Gregory C., and Han K. Kang. "Healthcare utilization and mortality among veterans of the Gulf War." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1468 (March 24, 2006): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1816.

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The authors conducted an extensive search for published works concerning healthcare utilization and mortality among Gulf War veterans of the Coalition forces who served during the1990–1991 Gulf War. Reports concerning the health experience of US, UK, Canadian, Saudi and Australian veterans were reviewed. This report summarizes 15 years of observations and research in four categories: Gulf War veteran healthcare registry studies, hospitalization studies, outpatient studies and mortality studies. A total of 149 728 (19.8%) of 756 373 US, UK, Canadian and Australian Gulf War veterans received health registry evaluations revealing a vast number of symptoms and clinical conditions but no suggestion that a new unique illness was associated with service during the Gulf War. Additionally, no Gulf War exposure was uniquely implicated as a cause for post-war morbidity. Numerous large, controlled studies of US Gulf War veterans' hospitalizations, often involving more than a million veterans, have been conducted. They revealed an increased post-war risk for mental health diagnoses, multi-symptom conditions and musculoskeletal disorders. Again, these data failed to demonstrate that Gulf War veterans suffered from a unique Gulf War-related illness. The sparsely available ambulatory care reports documented that respiratory and gastrointestinal complaints were quite common during deployment. Using perhaps the most reliable data, controlled mortality studies have revealed that Gulf War veterans were at increased risk of injuries, especially those due to vehicular accidents. In general, healthcare utilization data are now exhausted. These findings have now been incorporated into preventive measures in support of current military forces. With a few diagnostic exceptions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mental disorders and cancer, it now seems time to cease examining Gulf War veteran morbidity and to direct future research efforts to preventing illness among current and future military personnel.
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Kelsall, Helen, Miranda Van Hooff, Ellie Lawrence-Wood, Alexander McFarlane, Stephanie Hodson, Nicole Sadler, Helen Benassi, Craig Hansen, and Malcolm Sim. "P.1.16 Physical health of transitioned adf and regular adf members in 2015: findings from the transition and wellbeing research programme." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A81.2—A81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.219.

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IntroductionMilitary service can involve exposure to physical and psychological stressors. There has been little systematic research into the health and wellbeing of military personnel after they leave the services.Methods4326 Transitioned ADF (transitioned from regular Australian Defence Force service between Jan 2010–Dec 2014) (18% response) and 8480 Regular 2015 ADF (42%) completed a questionnaire including symptoms, doctor-diagnosed medical conditions, respiratory health, injuries, pain, sleep problems, lifestyle factors, self-perceived health and quality of life and health service use.ResultsTransitioned ADF reported a higher mean number of symptoms (16.4 vs 11.8), similar mean number of medical conditions (1.9 vs 1.5), were more likely to report some medical conditions (a circulatory, musculoskeletal/connective tissue or nervous system condition, high blood pressure, chronic low back pain, and hearing loss), a slightly higher mean number of service-related injury types (1.11 vs 0.96), and poorer self-perceived health and quality of life compared to 2015 Regular ADF. Service-related injuries were more likely to have been sustained during training than on deployment in both groups. The majority of Transitioned ADF and 2015 Regular ADF reported experiencing some pain intensity and disability.In Transitioned ADF, poorer physical health outcomes overall were reported in Department of Veterans’ Affairs (DVA) clients compared with non-DVA clients, in Ex-Serving compared with Active Reservists or Inactive Reservists, and in those who had been medically discharged compared with those discharged for other reasons.ConclusionThis was one of the first studies internationally to investigate a comprehensive range of physical health indicators in recently transitioned military personnel. Overall Transitioned ADF were more likely to report poorer physical health across domains, some subgroups appeared particularly at risk. Findings in DVA clients were consistent with DVA being the conduit for care in veterans who have a service-related injury or mental health condition.
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Kalisch Ellett, Lisa M., Nicole L. Pratt, Mhairi Kerr, and Elizabeth E. Roughead. "Antipsychotic polypharmacy in older Australians." International Psychogeriatrics 30, no. 4 (November 10, 2017): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217001934.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Antipsychotics are commonly used, and the rate of use is highest, among those aged 65 years or over, where the risk of adverse events is also high. Up to 20% of younger adults use more than one antipsychotic concurrently; however there are few studies on the prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy in older people. We aimed to analyze antipsychotic use in elderly Australians, focusing on the prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy and the use of medicines to manage adverse events associated with antipsychotics.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using Australian Department of Veterans’ Affairs (DVA) administrative claims data for the period 1 March 2014 to 30 June 2014. Veterans dispensed at least one antipsychotic medicine during the study period was included. We determined the number of participants dispensed antipsychotic polypharmacy and the number of participants dispensed medicines to manage antipsychotic side effects.Results:There were 7,412 participants with a median age of 86 years. Fifty-one percent (n=3,784) were women and 48% (n=3,569) lived in residential aged-care. Fifty one participants (0.7%) were dispensed anticholinergic medicines indicated for the management of antipsychotic-associated extrapyramidal movement disorders and eight (0.1%) were dispensed medicines for the management of hyperprolactinemia. Five percent of participants (n=365) received dual antipsychotics. Dual antipsychotic users were more likely to be under the care of a psychiatrist or to have had a mental health hospitalization than those using a single antipsychotic.Conclusions:Antipsychotic polypharmacy occurred in one in 20 elderly persons, indicating that there is room for improvement in antipsychotic use in elderly patients.
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Ward, Warren. "Psychiatric Morbidity in Australian Veterans of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Somalia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 2 (April 1997): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709073819.

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Objective: Since World War II, an increasing number of soldiers have been deployed in United Nations (UN) peacekeeping forces. However, little is known about the psychiatric impact of such deployments. The present study investigated the nature, prevalence, aetiology and natural history of psychiatric morbidity in Australian veterans of the United Nations peacekeeping force in Somalia. Method: Fifteen months after their return from Somalia, 117 Somalian veterans completed the 28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Impact of Events Scale (IES), the Combat Exposure Scale (CES), and a checklist of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, completed by veterans 12 months previously as part of an evaluation by the Department of Defence. Seventy-seven non-veteran controls also completed the GHQ-28. Results: Veterans scored significantly higher on the GHQ-28 than controls. Twenty-four-point-eight per cent (24.8%) of veterans were GHQ cases (using 4/5 as a cut-off point) compared to 13.0% of controls. Psychiatric morbidity in veterans was associated with combat exposure and a past psychiatric history. Levels of morbidity reduced over time, although they remained substantial at 15 months following soldiers' return to Australia, with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms being reported by approximately 20% of veterans. Conclusions: At least one-fifth of Australian soldiers who served in Somalia had significant levels of psychiatric morbidity 15 months following their return. This was almost twice that of their non-veteran peers. Risk factors for the development of psychiatric morbidity included combat exposure and past psychiatric history. Levels of psychiatric morbidity were much higher than those reported in previous studies on UN soldiers.
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Skodol, Andrew E., Sharon Schwartz, Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Itzhak Levav, Patrick E. Shrout, and Marian Reiff. "PTSD Symptoms and Comorbid Mental Disorders in Israeli War Veterans." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 6 (December 1996): 717–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.6.717.

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate patterns of mental disorders comorbid with PTSD symptoms in young Israeli men exposed to combat.MethodSix hundred and seventeen subjects were selected via a general population sample and evaluated in a two-phase case-identification procedure, culminating in a modified SADS–L interview, administered by psychiatrists.ResultsMajor depressive disorder (OR=3.2), substance use disorders (OR=1.9) and personality disorders (OR=3.0) occurred more frequently in men reporting symptoms of PTSD than in men who had been under fire who did not report symptoms. With the possible exception of personality disorders, comorbid disorders did not constitute risk factors for PTSD. Comorbid PTSD and RDC disorders were associated with increased help-seeking.ConclusionsThe results suggest similar rates and types of PTSD comorbidity in Israeli war veterans as in veterans in the US assessed in general population studies, and are consistent with shared risk factors for PTSD and comorbid disorders.
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O'Donnell, Renee, Melissa Savaglio, Dave Vicary, and Helen Skouteris. "Effect of community mental health care programs in Australia: a systematic review." Australian Journal of Primary Health 26, no. 6 (2020): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py20147.

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Although numerous studies have examined the effects of community-based mental health care programs in Australia, no synthesis of this literature exists. This systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature described the types of community-based mental health care programs delivered and evaluated in Australia in the past 20 years, and evaluated their impact in improving outcomes for those with a serious mental illness (SMI). Articles were included if they evaluated the extent to which the programs delivered in Australia improved individual outcomes, including hospitalisations, psychiatric symptoms, substance misuse or psychosocial outcomes, for individuals with an SMI. Forty studies were included. Community-based mental health care programs were categorised into three types: case management (n=23), therapeutic (n=11) and lifestyle (n=6). Therapeutic programs were most effective in reducing psychiatric symptoms. Case management approaches yielded significant improvements in psychosocial outcomes. Lifestyle programs were inconclusive in improving individual outcomes. This review provides support for the implementation of community-based mental health care programs that are informed by both therapeutic and case management principles. A multidisciplinary team that can facilitate the provision of therapeutic and psychosocial support may be most beneficial for those with an SMI within the Australian community.
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McIngvale, Elizabeth, Nathaniel Van Kirk, Amber B. Amspoker, Melinda A. Stanley, and Terri L. Fletcher. "Prevalence and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Veterans and Active-Duty Service Members: A Systematic Review." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 33, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.33.1.11.

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The prevalence and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in veterans and active-duty military remains unclear. We systematically reviewed literature on OCD diagnosis and treatment in U.S. Veterans and active-duty military to obtain a prevalence estimate, describe treatment approaches for OCD in veterans, and evaluate use of Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP). Eight terms were used to identify studies in PubMed, PsychINFO and SCOPUS up to March 13, 2018; additional articles were identified from reference lists of 19 included studies, 16 addressing prevalence, and 3 addressing treatment. OCD prevalence is lower in studies employing electronic medical records databases than in studies using OCD assessments, suggesting underrecognition of OCD in clinical settings. Higher prevalence was seen with OCD screening tools than with diagnostic interviews. Lower OCD prevalence was seen in active-duty individuals than in veterans. Two case studies showed a decrease in OCD symptoms following ERP. Additional studies with larger samples and controlled designs examining ERP are needed.
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Kalek, Sally, Anita S. Mak, and Nigar G. Khawaja. "Intergroup Relations and Muslims’ Mental Health in Western Societies: Australia as a Case Study." Journal of Muslim Mental Health 5, no. 2 (June 21, 2010): 160–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564908.2010.487722.

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Books on the topic "Veterans Mental health Australia Case studies"

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Bush, Shane S. Neuropsychological practice with veterans. New York: Springer Pub., 2012.

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Rasis mi-magash ha-kesef. Tel Aviv: Daniʾelah Di-Nur, 2003.

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Tick, Edward. Sacred mountain: Encounters with the Vietnam beast. Santa Fe, NM: Moon Bear Press, 1989.

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Pathway to hell: A tragedy of the American Civil War. Bethlehem: Lehigh University Press, 2008.

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Female veteran. Denver, CO: Outskirts Press, 2013.

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Brandt, Dennis W. Pathway to hell: A tragedy of the American Civil War. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2010.

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Falling through the earth: A memoir. New York, NY: Picador, 2007.

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Dean, Chuck. Nam vet: Making peace with your past. Mountlake Terrace, WA (P.O. Box 440, Mountlake Terrace 98043): Point Man International, 1988.

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Nam vet: Making peace with your past. Portland, Or: Multnomah Press, 1990.

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Lindy, Jacob D. Vietnam: A casebook. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Veterans Mental health Australia Case studies"

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Stockley, Naomi, Rianna Tatana, Roshni Kaur, and Alice Reynolds. "The Pavilion School, Melbourne, Australia." In Systematic synthetic phonics: case studies from Sounds-Write practitioners, 113–23. Research-publishing.net, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2022.55.1366.

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The Pavilion School is located in Melbourne, Australia. It is a specialist Flexible Learning Option (FLO) for students who have disengaged or been excluded from mainstream education. There are 235 secondary-aged school students enrolled across two campuses in Melbourne’s northern suburbs. A considerable proportion of students at the Pavilion School face significant risk factors which impede their access to education. They are as follows: mental health challenges (60% of students); alcohol and other drug use (49%); school absenteeism (47%); family vulnerability (47%); and youth justice involvement (16%). Other relevant demographics that make up our student population include the following: 25% receive funding as part of the Program for Students with Disabilities (PSD); 24% identify as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander; and 10% are in Out of Home Care.
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Coleborne, Catharine. "Disability and Madness in Colonial Asylum Records in Australia and New Zealand." In The Oxford Handbook of Disability History, 281–92. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190234959.013.0017.

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Abstract Case records examined here are those of inmates in two public institutions for the insane in colonial Victoria, Australia, and in Auckland, New Zealand, between 1870 and 1910. In the international field of mental health studies and histories of psychiatry, intellectual disability has been the subject of detailed historical inquiry and forms part of the critical discussion about how institutions for the “insane” housed a range of inmates in the nineteenth century. Yet the archival records of mental hospitals have rarely been examined in any sustained way for their detail about the physically disabled or those whose records denote bodily difference. References to the physical manifestations of various forms of intellectual or emotional disability, as well as to bodily difference and “deformity,” were part of the culture of the colonial institution, which sought to categorize, label, and ascribe identities to institutional inmates.
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Marston, Greg, Louise Humpage, Michelle Peterie, Philip Mendes, Shelley Bielefeld, and Zoe Staines. "Voluntary Income Management And Financial Education." In Compulsory Income Management in Australia and New Zealand, 147–67. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447361497.003.0007.

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The details of how a voluntary income management programme might work is outlined in the chapter. The chapter also explores other means of building financial capability, using developmental and educational models and insights from the research literature on poverty reduction. In considering alternatives to punitive forms of welfare conditionality, the chapter highlights some of the differences between New Zealand and Australia, as there are lessons which Australia could learn from the use of mentors and more empowering forms of budget support in the case of New Zealand. This chapter also revisits the mixed economy of welfare by suggesting that non-government organisations could play a more enabling role in the lives of low-income households if they were encouraged to work in ways that would promote a different set of assumptions and principles to improve economic security and community wellbeing. The links between economic security and well-being are elaborated, using the public health research that demonstrates that economic insecurity is a strong determinant of mental health. Drawing on insights from a range of studies and disciplines the chapter concludes with an argument for evidence informed social security policies, which will help to reframe questions of economic and social security.
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