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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vested Interests

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vested Interests'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Vested Interests"

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Rodwin, Marc A., Robert Berenson, and David A. Hyman. "Vested Interests." Hastings Center Report 21, no. 6 (November 1991): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3562365.

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Zellmer, William A. "Vested interests." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 42, no. 11 (November 1, 1985): 2447–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/42.11.2447.

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Panagopoulos, Costas. "Vested Interests." Journal of Political Marketing 5, no. 1-2 (July 18, 2006): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j199v05n01_04.

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Godlee, F. "Vested interests." BMJ 340, apr08 2 (April 8, 2010): c1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c1922.

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Beardsley, Tim. "Vested Interests." Scientific American 266, no. 3 (March 1992): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0392-106.

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Norcross, Lawrence. "Vested Interests Oppose Consumers." Economic Affairs 7, no. 4 (April 1987): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0270.1987.tb01861.x.

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Daube, Mike. "Health and vested interests." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 34, no. 5 (October 2010): 444–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00587.x.

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Banks, Michael. "Vested interests hit geoengineering project." Physics World 25, no. 06 (June 2012): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/25/06/12.

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Koretz, Ronald L. "JPENJournal Club 27: Vested Interests." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 41, no. 4 (April 26, 2017): 691–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607117696329.

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Bridgman, Benjamin R., Igor D. Livshits, and James C. MacGee. "Vested interests and technology adoption." Journal of Monetary Economics 54, no. 3 (April 2007): 649–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2006.01.007.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vested Interests"

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Hardy, Elaine Marian. "Fear of crime, governance and vested interests : a case study of motocyclists." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479286.

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Bangs, Paul R. "Nature conservation in Spain : the influence of pressure groups and vested interests in the Estado de Autonomias with special reference to Extremadura." Thesis, Keele University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304027.

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Partin, Christina. "Maximizing the educational effects of collaborative learning : the role of vested interest." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001806.

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Burlón, Lorenzo. "Essays on intersectorial dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/79084.

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Karim-Sesay, Peter Abdul. "A vested interest approach to the understanding of agriculture and environmental attitudes in the state of Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1101845103.

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Karim-Sesay, Peter Abdul Ndoinje. "A vested interest approach to the understanding of agriculture and environmental attitudes in the state of Ohio." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1101845103.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 117 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-106).

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O'Brien, Charles G. "Building a Case for the Unfamiliar Cause in Cause-Related Marketing: The Importance of Cause Vested Interest." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000478.

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Ramsey, Scott Christopher. "The Primary Source of Environmental Concern: New Environmental Paradigm or Presumed Vested Interest Based on Area of Residence?" W&M ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539624403.

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Cockerill, Coreen Henry. "Exploring the vested interest perspective as it applies to public involvement in watershed management planning lessons from an Ohio watershed /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148938093.

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Cockerill, Coreen H. "Exploring the vested interest perspective as it applies to public involvement in watershed management planning: lessons from an Ohio watershed." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1148938093.

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Books on the topic "Vested Interests"

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Vested interests: Cross-dressing & cultural anxiety. New York: Routledge, 1992.

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Vested interests: Cross-dressing & cultural anxiety. London: Penguin, 1993.

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Veblen, Thorstein. The vested interests and the common man. New York: Cosimo Classics, 2005.

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Vested interests: Cross dressing and cultural anxiety. New York: HarperPerennial, 1993.

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Mayer, Wolfgang. Vested interests in a positive theory of IFI conditionality. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Policy Development and Review Department, 2002.

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Krusell, Per. Vested interests in a positive theory of stagnation and growth. Stockholm: Stockholm University, Institute for International Economic Studies, 1993.

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Veblen, Thorstein. The vested interests and the common man: And, The engineers and the price system. London: Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1994.

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Kim, Steven. Tesla’s Triumph Over Monster Media: Firebrand’s Crusade to Topple Vested Interests, Defy Hostile Newsmongers, and Save the Planet. MintKit.com: MintKit Press, 2021.

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Schneider, Joyce A. Vested interest. Catonsville, Md. (106 Shady Nook Ave., Catonsville 21228): J.A. Schneider, 1986.

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Cole, G. D. H., Harold Laski, George Orwell, Mary Sutherland, and Francis Williams. Victory or Vested Interest? London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003188391.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vested Interests"

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Vitasek, Kate, Mike Ledyard, and Karl Manrodt. "Align Interests." In Vested OUTSOURCING, 131–45. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230105232_9.

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Odling-Smee, John, and Thomas Richardson. "Transition and Vested Interests." In Completing Transition: The Main Challenges, 35–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04866-5_7.

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Van Lear, William. "Ideas versus Vested Interests." In The Social Effects of Economic Thinking, 36–51. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137494016_3.

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Dickinson, H. T. "Vested Interests and Pressure Groups." In The Politics of the People in Eighteenth-Century Britain, 56–92. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24659-5_3.

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Zhang, Weiying. "Can Vested Interests Become Reformers?" In Ideas for China’s Future, 145–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4304-3_17.

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Ludlam, Steve. "New Labour, ‘Vested Interests’ and the Union Link." In Governing as New Labour, 70–87. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-4055-1_5.

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Boonstra, Albert. "An Analysis of How Enterprise Information Systems Challenge Vested Interests." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 238–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16419-4_24.

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Moe, Espen. "Vested Interests, Energy Policy and Renewables in Japan, China, Norway and Denmark." In The Political Economy of Renewable Energy and Energy Security, 276–317. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137338877_14.

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Arana, Pilar Vargas. "Colombian Fragile Foreign Relations with the Middle East: Vested Interests, 2000–2014." In Latin American Foreign Policies towards the Middle East, 135–55. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59939-1_7.

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Havrylyshyn, Oleh. "The Search for a Navigation Chart: Legitimate Debates, Vested Interests and Reformist Commitments." In Divergent Paths in Post-Communist Transformation, 151–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230502857_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vested Interests"

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De Salvatierra, Alberto, and Samantha Solano. "On the Liminal Fertility of Urban Binaries in the Sin City of Neon Lights." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.48.

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This paper engages in an initial exercise of re-imaging one of the most well-known—and most misperceived—cities on the planet. Las Vegas’ one-sided reputation will first be expanded into a series of binary pairings, and then the problematic friction between them will be highlighted. While a structuralist approach, the added dimensionality by these established polarities will reveal the fertile potential of their liminal gradients. As new identities materialize, important questions about the future of Las Vegas will begin to arise. A surprisingly contested and isolated urban condition in perpetual tension between diminishing water resources, vested capital interests, troubled sociological phenomena, expanding military operations, and delimiting natural preservation practices, Las Vegas is volunteered as a city ripe for further critical analysis and exploration.

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Drozdova, Alla, and Natalia Stepanova. "Private/Public Space of New Media." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-51.

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Today, we have a situation that the new media environment has reshaped our conception of reality while changing social spaces, modes of existence, and the functional mechanisms of the private sphere. In the space of new media, the boundary between privacy and publicity is redefined with the emergence of multiple network communities having become a subject of observation and evaluation, collective discussions, and even third party interventions. In the current situation, the privacy/publicity boundary can be defined both through the societal/the individual, and through such concepts as visible/invisible. The new media era sees the personification of online publicness, therefore the very sphere of private life gets consumed by the public sphere open both for being discussed and for being controlled by the government, market, and advertisement. The public sphere has fallen under the power of certain private/vested interests, which only transiently become common, coinciding with the interests of other groups, but not the public sphere. The ambivalent nature of new media, while based on personalisation and filtration, obviously determines the ambiguous and controversial relationship of the public and the private. Thus, the private not only reflects, but also represents the public, whereas the public implements privacy up to its inherent special intimate atmosphere and intonation. This fast-changing virtual reality requires the development of conceptual tools for analysing new content and forms of social and personal life, one of which is the relationship between publicity and privacy.

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Vasile, Aurelia Ana. "POST-TRUTH ERA AND VESTED INTERESTS IN APPROACHING ECONOMY IN FINANCIAL NEWSPAPER HEADLINES AND LEADS. NEWSWORTHINESS QUOTA IN THE CASE OF PROGRESSIVE TAX VERSUS FLAT TAX IN THE ROMANIAN DAILIES ZIARUL FINANCIAR AND FINANCIARUL." In 3rd International Scientific Conference on Economics and Management. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade; Faculty of Management Koper; Doba Business School - Maribor; Integrated Business Faculty - Skopje; Faculty of Management - Zajecar, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2019.341.

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David, B. A. A., and M. N. N. Manswell. "The Critical Role of HSSE Management and its Impact on Productivity and Corporate Social Responsibility's (CSR's) Mandate and Influence on Trinidad& Tobago's Energy Sector." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169985-ms.

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Abstract Today's energy sector has evolved by leaps and bounds in the sphere of Health, Safety, Security and the Environment. The minimization of incidents on board oil and gas platforms and by extension the energy sector continues to be the highest standards of HSSE performance companies aspire to. Our current fiscal environment has forced countries and companies to carefully consider how limited finances are to be utilized and managed to achieve outlined targets. This shrinking financial pie has also seriously impacted on the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Plan for companies within the sector. Fiscal management is key in a global village where every dollar counts. In the case of Trinidad and Tobago we must seek to secure our future assets be it through acquisition, maintenance and reliability. CSR must be comprehensively managed ensuring that both the corporate entity and the various indigenous communities get full value for the relationship they might be part of. The free spending attitude is definitely a thing of the past. Proper investments into a company's CSR, particularly where it adds value to the communities where there are vested interests are of paramount importance. This paper will advance the value of having a robust quality benchmarked HSSE portfolio/system utilizing the Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) mechanism and how it impacts on company productivity. The role, value and impact of CSR will also be scrutinized highlighting its critical importance in today's changing corporate landscape.

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Soņeca, Viktorija. "Tehnoloģiju milžu ietekme uz suverēnu." In The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.1.18.

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In the last two decades, we have seen the rise of companies providing digital services. Big Tech firms have become all-pervasive, playing critical roles in our social interactions, in the way we access information, and in the way we consume. These firms not only strive to be dominant players in one market, but with their giant monopoly power and domination of online ecosystems, they want to become the market itself. They are gaining not just economic, but also political power. This can be illustrated by Donald Trump’s campaigns, in which he attempted to influence the sovereign will, as the sovereign power is vested in the people. The Trump campaigns' use of Facebook's advertising tools contributed to Trump's win at the 2016 presidential election. After criticism of that election, Facebook stated that it would implement a series of measures to prevent future abuse. For example, no political ads will be accepted in the week before an election. Another example of how Big Tech firms can effect the sovereign is by national legislator. For example, Australia had a dispute with digital platforms such as Facebook and Google. That was because Australia began to develop a News Media and Digital Platforms Mandatory Code. To persuade the Australian legislature to abandon the idea of this code, Facebook prevented Australian press publishers, news media and users from sharing/viewing Australian as well as international news content, including blocking information from government agencies. Such action demonstrated how large digital platforms can affect the flow of information to encourage the state and its legislature to change their position. Because of such pressure, Australia eventually made adjustments to the code in order to find a compromise with the digital platform. Also, when we are referring to political power, it should include lobbying and the European Union legislator. Tech giants are lobbying their interests to influence the European Union’s digital policy, which has the most direct effect on member states, given that the member states are bound by European Union law.

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Kim, Jongwoo, Sema Candemir, Emily Y. Chew, and George R. Thoma. "Region of Interest Detection in Fundus Images Using Deep Learning and Blood Vessel Information." In 2018 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cbms.2018.00069.

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Moriyama, Taha, and Hiroyuki Kajimoto. "HARVEST: High-Density Tactile Vest that Represents Fingers to Back." In SIGGRAPH '20: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3388534.3407289.

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Akhbardeh, Farhad, and Hasan Demirel. "Coronary Stenosis Measurements Using K-Means Clustering." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6968.

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Medical imaging is one of common area that nowadays researchers uses human body images for clinical or medical science [1] [2]. Currently most of the diagnoses are performed by doctors after manual inspection of real time frames of the video generated by the respective medical imaging systems. In this paper, we propose to use digital image processing techniques in detection and categorization of the clogs in the arteries (stenosis/blockage) by using the frames generated from the X-ray angiography [3][4]. Utilized image pre-processing methods includes selecting a line of Interest (LOI) on blocked vessel and further selection of the region of interest (ROI) on that area, then automatically cropping the region of interest followed by Gaussian filtering for smoothing. In the post processing, three alternative methods are proposed to measure the stenosis in the vessel. The first method applies thresholding (Local) to extract the vessel of interest. The extracted vessel is analyzed for the calculation of the stenosis in percentage [5]. The second method utilizes segmentation (both edge-based and region-based) of the vessel tissue over the extracted pixels of ROI. The final method uses K-means clustering to differentiate between the vessel regions and non-vessel regions. Among the proposed methods K-means clustering based method outperforms the thresholding and segmentation methods.

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Hagesteijn, Gerco, Patrick Hooijmans, and Karola van der Meij. "Correlation Allowances in Model Tests Results: A Delicate Balance Between Performance, Accuracy and Commercial Interests?" In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54842.

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Model tests at ballast and design draught are used to convert the sea trial results from the ballast trial draught to the contractual design draught. Correlation allowances in model test results and their effect on the trial performance prediction are of major importance. Nowadays it is not only typical to verify the contract speed but also the EEDI certification requires a verification of the speed power performance of the vessel. The use of a to favorable CA-value may lead to attractive performance figures, but also leads to higher fuel consumption figures than expected. Furthermore the design point of the propeller is affected, which leads to a too low light running margin and in some cases to erosive cavitation. During a study, large spreading in the values of the correlation allowances for design draughts have been found for merchant vessels tested at different model test institutes, but at ballast trial draught the spreading is much less. Can it happen that some institutes select favorable correlations allowances on the basis of inaccurate trial data of shipyards? Or should we accept a large spreading in correlation allowances and have these indeed been confirmed by sea trials at design draught? This paper will present a discussion using the experience of a large full scale trial database as well as the accuracy of model and full scale tests.

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Verpoorten, Jarne R., Miche`le Auglaire, and Frank Bertels. "Ex-Vessel Coolability Analysis for a Belgian NPP." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75456.

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During a hypothetical Severe Accident (SA), core damage is to be expected due to insufficient core cooling. If the lack of core cooling persists, the degradation of the core can continue and could lead to the presence of corium in the lower plenum. There, the thermo-mechanical attack of the lower head by the corium could eventually lead to vessel failure and corium release to the reactor cavity pit. In this paper, it is described how the international state-of-the-art knowledge has been applied in combination with plant-specific data in order to obtain a custom Severe Accident Management (SAM) approach and hardware adaptations for existing NPPs. Also the interest of Tractebel Engineering in future SA research projects related to this topic will be addressed from the viewpoint of keeping the analysis up-to-date with the state-of-the art knowledge.

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Reports on the topic "Vested Interests"

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Moury, Catherine, Daniel Cardoso, and Angie Gago. When The Lenders Leave Town: Partisanship, Electoral Calculations and Vested Interests as Determinants of Policy Reversals in Spain and Portugal. IPRI-NOVA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23906/wp58/2019.

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Kelly, Luke. Evidence on the Role of Civil Society in Security and Justice Reform. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.031.

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This rapid review focuses on the role of civil society in SSR in several contexts. It finds that donor driven SSR is seen to have failed to include civil society, and that such efforts have been focused on training and equipping security forces. However, in some contexts, donors have been able to successfully develop civil society capacity or engage civil society groups in reforms, as in Sierra Leone. There are also several examples of security and justice reforms undertaken by local popular movements as part of regime change, namely Ethiopia and South Africa. In other contexts, such as Indonesia, the role of civil society has led to partial successes from which lessons can be drawn. The theoretical and empirical literature attributes several potential roles to civil society in SSR. These include making security and justice institutions accountable, mobilising a range of social groups for reform, publicising abuses and advocating for reform, offering technical expertise, and improving security-citizen relations. The literature also points to the inherent difficulties in implementing SSR, namely the entrenched nature of most security systems. The literature emphasises that security sector reform is a political process, as authoritarian or predatory security systems are usually backed by powerful, skilled and tenacious vested interests. Dislodging them from power therefore requires significant political will – civil society can be one part of this. The evidence base for the topic is relatively thin. While there is much literature on the theory of SSR from a donor perspective, there are fewer empirical studies. Moreover, scholars have identified relatively few successful examples of SSR. The role of civil society is found to be greater in more economically developed countries, meaning there is less discussion of the role of civil society in many African SSR contexts, for example (except to note its absence). In addition, most research discusses the role of civil society alongside that of other actors such as donors, security services or political elites, limiting analysis of the specific role of civil society.

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Cohen, Yves. Horizontality in the 2010s: Social Movements, Collective Activities, Social Fabric, and Conviviality. Maria Sibylla Merian Centre Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/cohen.2021.40.

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Horizontality is a salient social phenomenon of the last decade. It asserts itself against hierarchies in social movements and countless other collective practices around the world. It constitutes a characteristic of an emergent sociality that demands the attention of the social sciences. The 2010s are a moment as important as “the Sixties”, a time when Ivan Illich called for the development of tools of conviviality, and horizontality may be categorized as one of them. Today’s horizontality may be related to that of populations that have been the focus of anthropologists interested in their longstanding propensity to work against the affirmation of the authority of commanding. Public squares, roundabouts, and the courtyards of apartment buildings welcome the early symptoms of democratic experimentation that circulates also among groups, collectivities, and associations with varied purposes. In all these places, equality asserts itself and cuts across differences. The Yellow Vests and an educational cooperative in São Paulo are the empirical foundation of this study.

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Kelly, Luke. Definitions, Characteristics and Monitoring of Conflict Economies. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.024.

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The idea of conflict economies is a broad concept encompassing several research angles. Definitions differ according to these focuses. Some of the main uses of the concept are to understand: • economic analysis of the motives for and likelihood of war • financing of state and non-state belligerents • how the continuation of conflicts can be explained by rational motives including economic ones • how conflict affects economic activity, and how conflict parties and citizens adapt Some distinctive characteristics of war economies are (Ballentine & Nitzschke, 2005, p. 12): • They involve the destruction or circumvention of the formal economy and the growth of informal and black markets, • Pillage, predation, extortion, and deliberate violence against civilians is used by combatants to acquire control over lucrative assets, capture trade networks and diaspora remittances, and exploit labour; • War economies are highly decentralised and privatised, both in the means of coercion and in the means of production and exchange; • Combatants increasingly rely on the licit or illicit exploitation of / trade in lucrative natural resources • They thrive on cross-border trading networks, regional kin and ethnic groups, arms traffickers, and mercenaries, as well as legally operating commercial entities, each of which may have a vested interest in the continuation of conflict and instability. The first section of this rapid review outlines the evolution of the term and key definitions. Most of this discussion occurs in the academic literature around the early 2000s. The second looks at key characteristics of conflict economies identified in the literature, with examples where possible from both academic and grey literature. The third section briefly identifies methodologies used to measure and monitor conflict economies, as well as some current research and programmes on conflict economies, from academic literature as well as NGOs and other sources. The findings have been derived via a literature search and advice from experts in the field. Given time constraints, the report is not comprehensive. The review is gender- and disability blind.

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Bozek, Michael, and Tani Hubbard. Greater Yellowstone Network amphibian monitoring protocol science review: A summary of reviewers’ responses. National Park Service, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293614.

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Science reviews are an essential cornerstone of all excellent science programs and are a requirement of monitoring programs within the Inventory and Monitoring Division of the National Park Service (NPS). Science reviews provide necessary professional critique of objectives, study design, data collection, analysis, scientific interpretation, and how effectively information is transferred to target audiences. Additionally, reviews can help identify opportunities to cooperate more effectively with interested and vested partners to expand the impacts of collective findings across larger landscapes. In December 2020, seven biologists from USGS, USFWS, and NPS provided a critical review of the Greater Yellowstone Network Amphibian Monitoring Protocol for monitoring Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris), boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata), western toads (Anaxyrus boreas), western tiger salamanders (Ambystoma mavortium), and environmental conditions at wetland sites clustered within watershed units in Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks. This review followed sixteen years of GRYN amphibian and wetland monitoring, allowing us to evaluate the impact of the work thus far and to discuss potential improvements to the protocol. Reviewers were asked to assess the following amphibian monitoring objectives per Bennetts et al. (2013, Cooperative amphibian monitoring protocol for the Greater Yellowstone Network: Narrative, version 1.0, https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2194571) and to assess the degree to which GRYN is meeting the objectives based on the current sampling, analyses, and reporting: Objective 1: Estimate the proportion of catchments and wetland sites used for breeding by each of the four common, native amphibian species annually, and estimate the rate at which their use is changing over time. Objective 2: Determine the total number of wetlands within sampled catchments that are suitable for amphibian breeding (i.e., have standing water during the breeding season) annually. Objective 3: For western toads, estimate the proportion of previously identified breeding areas that are used annually, and estimate the rate at which their use may be changing over time. Generally, reviewers commended the GRYN Amphibian Monitoring Program, including the design, the statistical rigor of current analytical approaches, the large number of monitoring reports and publications, and the audiences reached. Reviewers unanimously felt that the first two objectives of this protocol are being met for two species (Columbia spotted frogs and boreal chorus frogs) in medium- and high-quality catchments, and all but one reviewer also felt these objectives are being met for western tiger salamanders. It was universally recognized that objective 3 for western toads is not being met but reviewers attributed this to issues related to funding and capacity rather than design flaws. Reviewers felt the current design provides an adequate base for parlaying additional work and offered suggestions focused on increasing efficiencies, maximizing information that can be collected in the field, strengthening analyses, and improving scientific outreach. In this document, we summarize reviewers' comments and include their full written reviews in Appendix B.

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Global Education Monitoring Report - Non-state actors in education: Who chooses? Who loses? UNESCO, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54676/ytjt5864.

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Non-state actors’ role extends beyond provision of schooling to interventions at various education levels and influence spheres. Alongside its review of progress towards SDG 4, including emerging evidence on the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact, the 2021/2 Global Education Monitoring Report urges governments to see all institutions, students and teachers as part of a single system. Standards, information, incentives and accountability should help governments protect, respect and fulfil the right to education of all, without turning their eyes away from privilege or exploitation. Publicly funded education does not have to be publicly provided but disparity in education processes, student outcomes and teacher working conditions must be addressed. Efficiency and innovation, rather than being commercial secrets, should be diffused and practised by all. To that end, transparency and integrity in the public education policy process need to be maintained to block vested interests. The report’s rallying call – Who chooses? Who loses? – invites policymakers to question relationships with non-state actors in terms of fundamental choices: between equity and freedom of choice; between encouraging initiative and setting standards; between groups of varying means and needs; between immediate commitments under SDG 4 and those to be progressively realized (e.g. post-secondary education); and between education and other social sectors. Supporting the fifth Global Education Monitoring Report are two online tools: PEER, a policy dialogue resource describing non-state activity and regulations in the world’s education systems; and VIEW, a new website consolidating sources and providing new completion rate estimates over time.

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