Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Verre de phosphate'
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Ouslimani, Hana. "Intégration de lasers impulsionnels monofréquences sur verre phosphate dopé ytterbium." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT100/document.
Various optical sensors, such as LIDARs, need laser sources both powerful and narrow-linewidth. In this context, the aim of this project is the realization of integrated pulsed laser sources with a Fourier Transform Limited (FTL) spectrum. To do so, we propose a passively Q-switched DFB laser structure. Ion-exchange technology is used to realize amplifier waveguides on Ytterbium-doped phosphate glass. The DFB cavity is made by dry etching of a Bragg grating on the waveguides surface. The Q-Switched behavior is obtained by depositing a BDN-doped cellulose acetate coating layer, acting as a saturable absorber. This structure allowed us obtaining FTL single-frequency pulsed lasers. When studying the impact of BDN concentration, we observe pulses ranging from 2,5 ns with 40 W peak power, to 100 ns with 14 W peak power. Thus, our device FWHM linewidth goes down to 9 MHz. These results pave the way for the realisation of compact laser sources for embedded lidar systems
Gauthier, Arnaud. "Identification des mécanismes d'altération du verre R7T7 en milieu silico-phosphate." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2266.
Obaton, Anne-Françoise. "Nouveaux verres de phosphate codopés Yb3+-Er3+ pour laser à sécurité oculaire." La Rochelle, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LAROS027.
Ferreira, Brito. "Étude de la génération de second harmonique dans les verres polarisés thermiquement : étude du système Nb2O5-P2O5-CaO-B2O3 : étude du verre TeO2-Pb(PO3)2-Sb2O3." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12459.
Pukhkaya, Vera. "Influence of Yb3+ and Er3+ ions environment on the evolution of its' luminescent properties in oxide glasses under ionizing irradiation." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/93/92/32/PDF/ThA_se_Pukhkaya_Vera.pdf.
We have investigated the effects of ionizing irradiation (e¯- and γ-) on the Yb3+ and Er3+ luminescent properties in aluminosilicate (AS) and phosphate glasses by trying to understand the impact of initial Yb3+ environment and mostly the role of Yb cluster. For that, AS and phosphate glasses containing different amount of Yb clusters were irradiated in 104-2∙109 Gy dose range. At first, we have shown that the point defect fading is slow down by a clustering effect in the glass. We have obtained a 2-step dependence of point defects quantity versus lg(dose). The cluster presence limits the defect production in the high dose range, whatever the glass composition (AS or phosphate). Consequently, we observed the same two-regions trends for the 2F5/2 lifetime as a function of the lg(dose). But for high content of cluster, the lifetimes value decreases linearly within lg(dose). This result does not depend on the glass type nor on the rare earth element (Er3+), implying a more general mechanism that implying one type of defect in particular. Secondly, we have interpreted the strong variation of the complex EPR signal in phosphate glasses within glass composition, dose and time with the formation of at least 8 point defects. In addition, the origin of the luminescent diamagnetic defect is discussed
Galleani, Gustavo. "Development of glass optical fibers based on fluoride-phosphate for deep-UV optical transmission." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28375.
Le développement de nouvelles fibres optiques capables de transmettre dans les régions de l'ultraviolet moyen (200-300 nm) et lointain (120-200 nm) bénéficierait aux techniques de microlithographie, aux technologies laser, et également à la détection chimique (détection du phosphore et du soufre pour l'agriculture), ce qui représent la principale motivation de ce travail. En outre, les verres mixtes fluorure/phosphate peuvent offrir un environnement de fluorures de faible énergie de phonons qui est favorable pour l'émission avec une grande efficacité quantique lorsqu’ils sont dopés avec des ions de terre rare trivalents. Une telle propriété rend alors leur utilisation attractive pour d'autres applications également sous forme de fibres et/ou verres massifs dans le domaine de la photonique. La seule fibre connue pouvant opérer dans l’UV (~170-300 nm) est constituée de silice pure dopée avec OH/F. Cependant, l'utilisation de telles fibres est limitée par l'effet de solarisation qui dégrade la transmission de la lumière UV après une exposition prolongée. Les verres à base de fluorophosphate (FP) sont des matériaux hautement transparents dans l'UV lorsqu’ils possèdent de faibles quantités d'impuretés, offrant ainsi une alternative aux fibres de silice utilisées aujourd'hui dans cette région du spectre électromagnétique. Ces verres sont produits par le mélange de fluorures et polyphosphates et combinent ainsi leurs propriétés telles que: une excellente aptitude à vitrifier, un faible indice de réfraction et une large fenêtre de transmission (~ 160-4000 nm). Toutefois, peu d'études ont été rapportées à ce jour sur leur méthode de fabrication et par conséquent, les pertes optiques dans la région UV. En outre, lorsqu'il est dopé avec des ions de terres rares trivalentes (RE), l'environnement de faible énergie de phonon est favorable pour les efficacités quantiques élevées, ce qui permet une application photonique sous forme de fibre et/ou de verre massif. Par conséquent, des verres FP très purs ont été préparés et utilisés pour fabriquer des fibres optiques à saut d´indice, par une technique de creuset modifiée. Dans une première étape, les verres ont été étudiés pour être très transparents dans la région VUV, jusqu'à 160 nm, et les caractéristiques des températures, la viscosité autour du point de ramollissement ont été caractérisées. Ensuite, les fibres ont été fabriquées par la technique du creuset, par l´étirage d´une préforme à travers un creuset en silice fondue. Alors que la cristallisation incontrôlée a été observée lors du tirage des fibres par le procédé classique, l'étirage à partir d'un creuset en silice fondu s'est avéré approprié pour obtenir des fibres de verre FP exemptes de cristaux. Ensuite, des mesures d'atténuation ont été effectuées sur les fibres. La deuxième partie de cette thèse est compose de deux parties: l'étude structurale des verres FP avec différent ratios fluorure/phosphate et la corrélation des propriétés luminescentes des verres dopés avec des ions de terres rares avec leur structure. Les verres obtenus ont été caractérisés par différentes techniques, calorimétrie différentielle à balayage (DSC), spectroscopie Raman et résonance magnétique nucléaire à l’état solide (RMN). Au cours de l'étape suivante, on a utilisé des techniques de double resonance ²⁷Al/³¹P pour quantifier le nombre moyen de liaisons P-O-Al dans les verres et l'environnement local des espèces de fluorure a également été déterminé. Ensuite, les verres ont été dopées avec des ions de terres rares et l'environnement local a été caractérisé par spectroscopie de résonance paramagnétique électronique (RPE) de la sonde Yb³+ et par des expériences de photoluminescence sur des ions Eu³⁺. Les propriétés de la luminescence ont été corrélées avec la transformation structurale en fonction de la composition. Enfin, en raison de la haute transparence UV, nous avons préparé des verres FP dopées avec des ions Gd³+, Tm³+ et Yb³+ comme candidat potentiel pour la fabrication de lasers à fibre UV. Les propriétés de photoluminescence sous excitation au laser à diode de 980 nm ont été étudiées et l'effet des différent ratios fluorure/phosphate dans les verres sur l'émission de conversion ascendante UV du Gd³+ a egalement été etudié. Ensuite, leurs propriétés structurales ont également été explorées par la résonance magnétique nucléaire du ⁴⁵Sc, incorporé pour imiter les ions de terres rares dans la matrice vitreuse. En utilisant la technique de la double résonance ⁴⁵Sc/³¹P, la distribution du ligand entourant les ions de terres rares a été quantifiée et l'efficacité de l'émission du Gd³+ par rapport aux ions Tm³+ avec la structure a été effectuée.
The development of new optical fibers capable to operate in the deep-ultraviolet (DUV, 200-300 nm) and the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV, 120-200 nm) would benefit to laser technologies, microlithography techniques (increased spatial resolution) and elemental chemical sensing applications (phosphorous and sulfur sensing in agriculture). The only well-established UV-transmitting fiber existing to date consists in high-OH/fluorine doped silica glass core/clad fibers. However, the utilization of such fibers is limited by solarisation effect that degrades the UV-light transmission with long time exposition. Mixed fluoride-phosphate (FP) glasses with ultra-low content of impurities can be VUV- and/or DUV-transmitting materials, offering thus an alternative to the commercialized high-OH/fluorine doped silica fibers. These glasses are produced by mixing fluorides and polyphosphates to combine their properties as excellent glass-forming ability, low refractive index and broad optical transmission windows ranging from ~160 to 4000 nm. Also, when doped with trivalent rare-earth (RE) ions, the low phonon fluorine environment is favorable for RE high quantum efficiencies, making then suitable for photonic application in the form of fiber and/or bulk glass. Firstly, highly pure FP glasses were prepared and utilized to fabricate step-index optical fibers, by a modified crucible technique. In a first step, the bulk glasses were studied to be highly transparent in the VUV region, down to 160 nm, and the characteristics temperatures, viscosity around softening point were characterized. Then, the fibers were fabricated by the crucible technique, drawing the as-made core-cladding preforms in a silica crucible assembly. While uncontrolled crystallization was observed during the fiber drawing by the conventional method, drawing from a fused silica crucible showed to be suitable to obtain crystal-free FP glass fibers. Additionally, the cut-back method was employed to measure the optical attenuation on the FP step-index and single index glass fibers. The second part of this thesis involves the network structural investigation of a series of FP glasses with different fluoride/phosphate ratio. Raman and multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies were used to study the polyphosphate network transformation for the different fluoride/phosphate ratios. In the next step ²⁷Al/³¹P double resonance techniques were used to quantify the average number of P-O-Al linkages in the glasses and the local environment of fluoride species were also determined. Then, the glasses were doped with RE ions and the local environment was characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of Yb³+ ions probe and by photoluminescence experiments on Eu³+ dopant ions. The luminescence properties were correlated with the structural transformation as a function of composition. Lastly, due to the high UV tansparency of the FP glasses, we prepared FP glasses doped with Gd³+, Tm³+, and Yb³+ ions as a potential candidate for fabrication of UV fiber lasers. The photoluminescence properties under 980 nm diode laser excitation were studied, and the effect of fluoride/phosphate ratio in the glasses in the Gd³+ UV upconversion (UC) emission were verified. The effect of Gd³+ content in the UV UC emission was also studied. Then, by using ⁴⁵Sc/³¹P double resonance technique, utilizing scandium as a diamagnetic mimic for the luminescent RE species, the ligand distribution surrounding the RE ions were quantified, and the efficiency of the Gd³+ emission, compared to the Tm³+ ions with structure was done.
Dutilleul, Olivier. "Mécanisme de corrosion des verres P2O5-Na2O-CaO-M2O3 (M:Fe3+, Al3+) amorphes et dévitrifiés." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD491.
Hongisto, Mikko. "Développement de verres et vitrocéramiques dopés ytterbium pour l'optique et réponses sous différents types de traitements." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0040.
This thesis studies the modification of the properties of glass compounds doped with Yb3+ ions, through variations in composition, thermal or radiation treatments as well as by immersion in aqueous medium. New Yb3+ doped oxyfluorophosphate glass/glass-ceramics have been developed and characterized to obtain fundamental information on crystallization. The study also proposes the development of cylindrical and rectangular bioactive fibers based on doped and non-doped borosilicate glass constituting the core and the clad of the fiber respectively. The stability of these fibers in aqueous medium is monitored according to the geometry. This study also provides information on resistance to defects depending on the nature of the network and on the development of new bioactive fibers, the emission of which could be used to follow the dissolution of the fiber in aqueous medium. This study contributes to a better fundamental understanding of how composition changes and thermal/radiation processes can modulate the performance parameters of glass materials doped by Yb3+ ions
Cai, Muzhi. "Hybrid materials based on inorganic glasses doped with organophosphorus molecules for light emitting electrochemical cell applications." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2019. http://partages.insa-rennes.fr/share/page/document-details?nodeRef=workspace://SpacesStore/cc6fb318-d6f8-4126-8db4-a2a825a605a7.
The light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) is a planar layered device, which is comprised of an electroluminescent organic semiconductor (OSC) and mobile ions as the active material sandwiched between an anode and a cathode. Electrolyte is one of the “short slab” of LEC technology. The main objective of this work is developing a new LEC device based on organophosphorus molecule doped organic-inorganic hybrid glass electrolyte. This hybrid glass cannot be synthesized by using classic melt-quenching technique because the melting temperature of glass is always much higher than the degradation temperature of organic molecule. Thus, in this work, we devote to that how to dope the organophosphorus molecule into the glass with high ionic conductivity. In first chapter, the background and mechanism of LEC were introduced. In the second chapter, we attempted to dope the organophosphorus molecule into silicate glass containing high lithium content by sol-gel method. In third chapter, we are working to obtain organophosphorus molecule doped phosphate glass with high ionic conductivity through spark plasm sintering (SPS). A hybrid phosphate glass with ionic conductivity of around 10 -7 S/cm was obtained, and strong photoluminescence was observed. Besides, the electrochemical properties were investigated as well. Moreover, during the process of preparing the LEC by SPS, an interesting phenomenon was found. A broadband blue emission was observed in rare-earth free zinc phosphate oxynitride glass. The fourth chapter is focus on this interesting phenomenon
Foissac, Corinne. "Diagnostics spectroscopiques des plasmas froids dans l'azote et le mélange azote-hydrogène en écoulement : étude de faisabilité d'un procédé de nitruration d'un verre de phosphate." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-362.pdf.
La validite des temperatures rotationnelles et translationnelles a rendre compte de la temperature du gaz est discutee. Par ailleurs, une methode originale de determination de ce parametre, basee sur la mesure de la temperature d'une lame plongee dans le plasma, est elaboree. La cinetique des especes (n 2(a 3 + u) et n( 4s 0) dans l'ionisation secondaire est discutee. L'invariance de la densite atomique dans cette zone temoigne d'une cinetique controlee par les lois des gaz parfaits et de transport. En revanche, il est etabli une production locale de l'espece n 2(a 3 + u) dans la post-decharge. Les implications de ces resultats sont discutees. Dans la partie b, la faisabilite de la nitruration du verre de metaphosphate de sodium assistee par plasmas est demontree. Un diagnostic spectroscopique de ces milieux, axe principalement sur la determination de la temperature du gaz, est realise. Une source plasma originale, utilisant une cavite helicoidale, est employee et caracterisee. Les analyses par spectroscopie de photoelectrons induits par rayons x et infrarouge permettent d'estimer l'efficacite des differents traitements plasmas
Foissac, Corinne Supiot Philippe. "Diagnostics spectroscopiques des plasmas froids dans l'azote et le mélange azote-hydrogène en écoulement étude de faisabilité d'un procédé de nitruration d'un verre de phosphate /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2000-362-363.pdf.
Pukhkaya, V. "Influence de l'environnement des ions Yb3+ et Er3+ sur l'évolution de leurs propriétés de luminescence dans des verres d'oxydes sous l'irradiation ionisante." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00939232.
Martins, Rodrigues Ana Candida. "Synthèse et propriétés électriques de verres oxydes conducteurs par ion lithium." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0010.
Genévrier, Francine. "Études des réactions physico-chimiques dans des matériaux composites silicates en vue de l'élaboration de nouveaux stratifiés à matrice minérale." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10040.
Desmoulin, Jean-Charles. "Synthèse et caractérisation de verres d’oxyde d’argent : évolution sous rayonnements ionisants et structuration multi-échelle par laser femtoseconde." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0334/document.
The silver-containing phosphate glasses allowed original developments throughout the microstructuring ofarchitectures for innovative photonic in the volume, at the surface or in the fibered material. The chemicalengineering of the material plays an important role from this point of view. An increasing silver oxide ratioleads to an important quantity of pairs in the pristine glass matrix. This dimer in favor of the aggregationprocess bringing to the production of species during the interaction between the glass and the infraredfemtosecond laser. A study conducted by EPR spectroscopy on irradiated samples (ionizing sources)demonstrated that the dose rate is predominant for the control of the involved chemical process. Mainly,electron and holes are stabilized at low dose rate whereas the formation of luminescent silver clusters occursfor high peak power typical of ultra-short lasers. The Direct Laser Writing process allows local structuring ofthe matter and resulted in original tridimensional patterns. The fine chemical distribution analysis insideannular fluorescent objects clearly showed a depletion zone of the silver concentration in the center. Ionicmigration effects from the center towards the edges of the laser beam are then highlighted. The Eu3+-dopedphotosensitive glasses emphasized a synergy between photo-induced silver clusters and trivalentlanthanides. Indeed, a luminescence exaltation associated to the europium emission is measured
Mahfoudhi, Mohamed. "Eu3+ ion environment modification by Electron and femtosecond laser irradiation in metaphosphate and polyphosphate glasses." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX066.
Rare Earth (RE) doped phosphate glasses are attractive materials in optic due to their low glass transition temperature and their high ability to dissolve rare earth ions compared to silicate glasses. In this work, we are interested in understanding the mechanisms leading to the structural modification of zinc polyphosphate and metaphosphate glasses under irradiation with the aim of controlling the environment of rare earth ions (in particular Eu3+ ions) by irradiation. We compared the effects obtained under electron and femtosecond laser irradiation by varying the dose and electron energy (700 keV and 2.5 MeV), the laser repetition rate as well as the glass compositions that contain different alkaline and alkaline earth ions (Na, Li, K and Mg) and Zn contents.We have demonstrated the decrease of the Eu3+ site symmetry, the increase of the sites dispersion as well as an effective reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ under electron irradiation.The presence of Zn attenuates the variation of the local order around the rare earth, while the vitreous network is less stable under irradiation. The formation of Eu2+ ions (under two types of high and low symmetry environments) is further enhanced in the presence of Zn and using 700 keV electrons. The femtosecond laser at 10 KHz gives causes crystallization of metaphosphate glasses without reduction of Eu3+ ions
Cardinal, Thierry. "Proprietes optiques non lineaires des verres borophosphates de titane ou de niobium." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148412.
Hu, Hanyu. "Étude du système vitreux X2O3-NaPO3 (X = Al, B) et caractérisation par spectroscopies de résonance magnétique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR044.
This PhD focuses on the study of binary Al2O3-NaPO3, B2O3-NaPO3 and ternary Al2O3-B2O3-NaPO3 systems. The work is based on glass synthesis, Tg measurements and structural characterization by 1D/2D NMR. For the Al2O3-NaPO3 system, glasses have been prepared up to 35 mol% of Al2O3, Tg has shown a 3 domains-evolution explained by the presence of Q12Al sites and Al-O-Al bonds. For the B2O3-NaPO3 system, glasses have been prepared up to 70 mol% of B2O3, Tg has shown a 2 domains-evolution explained by the presence of Q12B sites and B-O-Bbonds. The vitrification domain of the Al2O3-B2O3-NaPO3 system has been determined for the first time and the Tg values have been related to the Al and B atoms coordination states. Some glass compositions have also been doped with Nd-oxide and analyzed by 1D/2D EPR technique
Salem, Youbba Ould. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation Monte Carlo des grandeurs opérationnelles en métrologie des rayonnements ionisants : application à la dosimétrie neutrons par radiophotoluminescence." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAE016/document.
We characterize a passive dosimeter capable of measuring both fast and thermal neutrons for ambiant and persona! dosimetry. These neutrons can be detected in a mixed neutron-gamma field with appropriate converters (polyethylene for fast neutrons, cadmium for thermal neutrons). Monte Carlo simulations with MCNPX helped with the geometrical conception of the dosimeter and the choice of materials. The responses of the RPL dosimeter to these neutrons are linear in H*(1 O) and Hp(10) with detection limits of 2 mSv for fast neutrons and 0.19 mSv for thermal neutrons. The angular dependencies are satisfactory according to the ISO 21909 norm. A calibration factor of (9.5 +- 0.5)x10 exponent -2 mSv.cm2/RPL signal is obtained to the fast neutrons of the IPHC's 241 Am-Be calibrator. This factor is (9.7 +- 0.3)x10 exponent -3 mSv.cm2/RPL signal for the thermalized neutrons
Duchesne, Claire. "Etude des proprietes optiques non lineaires dans les verres. Cas du systeme NA2O-TIO2-P2O5." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136123.
Boukbir, Larbi. "Preparation et etude de nouveaux materiaux presentant des liaisons phosphore-azote : verres azotes de phosphates." Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN10083.
Boukbir, Larbi. "Préparation et étude de nouveaux matériaux présentant des liaisons phosphore-azote verres azotes de phosphates /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376032804.
Ducel, Jean-François. "Nouveaux verres borophosphates de sodium et de calcium. Corrélation structure-propriétés physico-chimiques. Application dans le domaine biomédical." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134062.
Bouchard, Michel. "Evaluation des Capacités de la Microscopie Raman dans la Caractérisation Minéralogique et physicochimique de Matériaux Archéologiques : Métaux, Vitraux & Pigments." Phd thesis, Museum national d'histoire naturelle - MNHN PARIS, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131055.
évidence, par exemple, les capacités de la MR à distinguer les oxydes de Mn du carbone dans les peintures noires préhistoriques ou encore, la facile identification de l'hématite ; ils permettent également de distinguer assez facilement les différentes phases
d'altérations existantes sur les métaux corrodés (sulfates, oxydes, chlorures...). Enfin, si l'étude du verre et des colorations en surface offrent des résultats assez positifs (complexes de type : PbCrO4.PbO), l'identification de la coloration dans la masse des vitraux par des colloï des métalliques reste plus complexe. La fluorescence constitue
également un des désavantages certain de cette méthode. Toutefois, la réussite de cette technique, dans le domaine de l'archéometrie, où elle est encore peu appliquée, permet d'entrevoir un avenir prospère et une utilité incontestable pour les archéologues,
restaurateurs et conservateurs.
Rousseau, Guillaume. "Elaboration de voies innovantes pour la protection contre l’oxydation de matériaux composites carbone/carbone utilisés en aéronautique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR035.
This work has been developed as part of a collaboration between the UCCS laboratory and the Safran Landing Systems (Safran LS) company. The aim of this work was to elaborate a new anti-oxidation protection (AOP) for carbon/carbon (C/C) composites marketed as airplane brakes components. The principle of this innovative AOP is based on a so-called internal silicate vitreous diffusion barrier because it is applied under the surface of the C/C composite, combined with an aluminophosphate phase which has a trapping role for the oxidation catalysts. This PAO is formed by impregnating the porosities of the C/C composite with a liquid mixture of precursors, followed by a heat treatment. Several ways of impregnating the C/C composite have been explored: (i) a sequential impregnation of the C/C composite with a first layer of aluminophosphate and a second layer of vitreous phase (or vice versa) or (ii) a simultaneous impregnation of the material with a mixture combining the precursors of the two phases. First, a study of the chemical (by NMR, X-ray micro-tomography synchrotron and XRD) and morphological (by MEBE-HT) evolutions at high temperature of the aluminophosphate was carried out. This study allowed to understand the origin of the loss of efficiency of the aluminophosphate based AOP after a thermal flash at 1200 °C. Then, for the two impregnation routes that we have developed, AOP performance tests were carried out in industrial conditions and characterizations (by NMR, MEBE-HT, thermal analyzes ATD, ATG, HSM) made it possible to link these performances to the chemical structure of the AOP. We have shown that some sequential AOP formulations improve anti-oxidation performance compared to the performance of an industrial AOP based only on aluminophosphate
Balasoiu-Ungureanu, Maria-Camélia. "Synthèse et propriétés de verres à base de P2O5." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0097.
Dussauze, Marc. "Génération de second harmonique dans des verres borophosphate de sodium et niobium par polarisation thermique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011055.
Etter, Stéphanie. "Etude de la corrosion sous contrainte de certains verres d'aluminophosphates de calcium : effet de la teneur en alumine." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20234.
Maurel, Clément. "Verres pour la Photostructuration." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00438449.
Grussaute, Hélène. "Les dopants phosphates dans les verres silicatés." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-469.pdf.
Jouanno, Jean-Marc. "Amplification optique dans des guides d'ondes réalises par échange d'ions dans des verres phosphates dopes par des terres rares." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0013.
Donze, Sébastien. "Conversion des chlorures de métaux lourds en verres de phosphate." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1222.
During fly ash vitrification processes, heavy metals volatilize and are recovered into chlorinated salts, called secondary ashes. Due to the volatility of heavy metal chloride compounds, the thermal treatment of these secondary ashes must involve first the conversion of the toxic chlorinated salts into a thermaly stable form. Therefore, we propose a method for the stabilisation of heavy metal wastes generated in fly ashes vitrification processes, based on the batch conversion of çhlorinated species (heavy metal chlorides and alkali chlorides) with ammonium dihydrogenphosphate, that produces phosphate glasses. Our approach of the problem is dual. First, we have stated, thanks to elemental analyses, the different chemical reactions of the conversion mechanism as a fonction of the batch composition. Secondly, the structural study of the phosphate glasses obtained by the thermal conversion process have been achieved using NMR spectroscopy. To set about this study, we have prepared synthetic mixtures to be converted. The first one is a simplified batch, containing PbC12 and CdCl2 only. The second one contains also also sodium chloride and potassium chloride and the batch compositions are choosen so that they correspond to an average secondary ash composition. Finally, some results about the chemical durability of the phosphate glasses obtained by the conversion process are presented and the improvement of the chemical durability of these phosphate glasses with iron oxide addition is discussed
Chabauty, Anne-Lise. "Conditionnement de l’iode radioactif dans des verres de phosphate d’argent." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R034/document.
Iodine 129 is a radioactive waste coming from the nuclear industry, which is currently handled by isotopic dilution. As a part of the assessment of alternative solutions, this work focuses on the study of the feasibility of iodine conditioning using a glass matrix aiming at a long-term storage in a geological repository. Silver phosphate glasses, which can incorporate high amounts of iodine and can be synthesized at low temperature, were chosen for this study. In order to increase their chemical durability, theses glasses were crosslinked by niobium and bismuth oxides. Phospho-molybdenum glasses, crosslinked by niobium, were also synthesized. Niobium and bismuth incorporation limits were determined for an iodine amount of 12 wt% and range from 1.6 mol% to 4.0 mol%, depending on the Ag2O/P2O5 ratio and the amount of MoO3. Structural investigations show that the introduction of those crosslinking reagents induces a significant increase of the polymerization degree of the glasses. Despite this higher connectivity, the two crosslinking reagents have a low impact on the thermal properties of iodine-containing silver phosphate glasses, as well as on their resistance to alteration in aqueous medium. However, phospho-molybdenum glasses containing iodine and crosslinked by niobium display an increase of their glass transition temperature and of their chemical durability. Indeed, the alteration rate decreases from a factor 100 for a phospo-molybdenum glass containing 4.0 mol% of Nb2O5 in comparison to a pure phosphate glass, with the apparition of a residual alteration regime. In clay-equilibrated water, however, this tendency is not verified
Chabauty, Anne-Lise. "Conditionnement de l’iode radioactif dans des verres de phosphate d’argent." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR034.
Iodine 129 is a radioactive waste coming from the nuclear industry, which is currently handled by isotopic dilution. As a part of the assessment of alternative solutions, this work focuses on the study of the feasibility of iodine conditioning using a glass matrix aiming at a long-term storage in a geological repository. Silver phosphate glasses, which can incorporate high amounts of iodine and can be synthesized at low temperature, were chosen for this study. In order to increase their chemical durability, theses glasses were crosslinked by niobium and bismuth oxides. Phospho-molybdenum glasses, crosslinked by niobium, were also synthesized. Niobium and bismuth incorporation limits were determined for an iodine amount of 12 wt% and range from 1.6 mol% to 4.0 mol%, depending on the Ag2O/P2O5 ratio and the amount of MoO3. Structural investigations show that the introduction of those crosslinking reagents induces a significant increase of the polymerization degree of the glasses. Despite this higher connectivity, the two crosslinking reagents have a low impact on the thermal properties of iodine-containing silver phosphate glasses, as well as on their resistance to alteration in aqueous medium. However, phospho-molybdenum glasses containing iodine and crosslinked by niobium display an increase of their glass transition temperature and of their chemical durability. Indeed, the alteration rate decreases from a factor 100 for a phospo-molybdenum glass containing 4.0 mol% of Nb2O5 in comparison to a pure phosphate glass, with the apparition of a residual alteration regime. In clay-equilibrated water, however, this tendency is not verified
Moutaoukil, Zakaria. "Synthèse et étude de nouveaux agents de flottation et de démétallisation et leurs applications dans l'industrie des phosphates." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2023COAZ4027.
Nowadays, the mining industry has seen intense activity in the development of reagents and additives for processing a wide variety of minerals, with a special focus on collectors, depressants, as well as chelating agents. Indeed, these agents demonstrated high performances at industrial level, and more particularly in the phosphate industry.The ultimate goal of this thesis work is to develop new “Home Made” reagents and additives in order to support ongoing developments in the phosphate industry in Morocco and to open new perspectives. Accordingly, our research work is focused on the synthesis and performance evaluation of reagents and additives at laboratory, pilot and industrial scales. In this context, agents, belonging to different chemical classes, have been designed for P2O5 low-grade phosphate beneficiation as well as for heavy metals removal. Indeed, with the increase in the world population and the growing demand for free-heavy metals phosphate fertilizers, it is of utmost importance to focus on the exploitation of P2O5 low-grade phosphates and the elimination of heavy metals. In this context, we developed and evaluated various home-made organophosphorus agents during reverse flotation and precipitation processes. These chemicals have proven to be very effective and have produced high yields. Furthermore, during this thesis work, we were also interested in the design, synthesis and evaluation of new bis-phosphonic acids and dihydropyrimidines, with the aim of enhancing and diversifying the portfolio of P-based products, within the framework of green and sustainable chemistry
Farano, Vincenzo. "An investigation into different phosphate glass processing routes and the role of phosphate glass in dental collagen-based scaffolds." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1192/document.
This thesis concerns the development of a new series of Sr-doped phosphate-based glasses for biomedical applications. Such glasses in powder form are envisaged to have applications in novel composite restorations where the following is achievable: dentin cell-mediated bioremineralization, dental pulp regeneration and as carrier for therapeutics or antibacterial ions.The initial aim was to produce soluble porous phosphate glasses using the sol-gel method (phosphate-alkoxide based sol-gel process). Knowing the effect that the variation of Ca content has on the dissolution properties of the glass, a series of glasses where Ca was progressively increased at the expense of Na was produced. The structure of the prepared samples was probed by XRD, XRF and FTIR to confirm the successful synthesis of the target phosphate-based glass compositions. After that a promising methodology was established, attempts were made to replace Ca with Sr. Different Sr sources were used without success due to the difficulty to fully dissolve those precursors in the sol-gel mixture. Subsequently, the issue of the toxicity of some precursors and solvents used in the sol-gel procedure was recognised. To overcome this obstacle, efforts were made to replace the toxic precursor chemicals with safer ones. Nevertheless, due to the low solubility of some new precursors and the low reactivity of others, the sol-gel process did not proceed in a predictable and reproducible fashion. At this stage, the sol-gel route was put aside, and two alternative soft and water-based chemical approaches were experimented: the precipitation method and the coacervation process. The first one was found to be unsuitable for our needs for two main reasons: 1) the presence of Na in the composition generated a crystalline material (instead of a glassy amorphous one); 2) the Ca/P ratio of our composition fell in the range of crystalline phase by using this method. In addition, the yield was really low. The second method (coacervation process) was a complete success. The glassy nature of the materials obtained was proved by XRD and XRF and the surface features were tested by BET and SEM. The process was retained for a while as the preferred synthesis route and both the scale-up effect and the possibility to add Sr were analysed. The production scale of the material was increased by 5 times and different Sr sources were tested to find the best one. XRD and XRF analysis proved both the success of the scale-up and the incorporation of the Sr in glass composition
Barthelemy, Kévin. "Adsorption des anions phosphate par des composés ferriques en vue du traitement des eaux usées : approche en réacteur homogène et en mode hydrodynamique contrôlé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0237.
The Ph.D. work, presented in this manuscript, is devoted to evaluating phosphate adsorption process on carbonate ferric green rust and ferrihydrite. The main objective concerns an application for the treatment of waste water in rural areas. Both iron oxides are first synthesized and their physico-chemical properties characterized. The ferric green rust structural properties differences as a function of synthesis parameters such as aging period and addition of hydrogen peroxide solution is of particular interest. A detailed study of surface physico-chemical properties by X Photoelectron Spectroscopy is carried out in the case of ferrihydrite. The reactivity of these two iron oxides is then evaluated in batch experiments. Adsorption process follows the pseudo-second order kinetic equation and Freundlich isotherm model which give the best adjustments of experimental data. The influence of various parameters such as pH, ionic strength, etc on phosphate adsorption is also taken into account. Column experiments are afterwards carried out by using filtration material constituted of iron oxide deposited onto pozzolana. The optimal conditions to prepare this filtration material are naturally predetermined. Phosphate adsorption in hydrodynamic mode is characterized by advective and diffusive mechanisms and water regionalization which govern the adsorption process in the column. Moreover, phosphate adsorption capacity and flow rate influence on adsorption process are obtained. Finally, a preliminary experiment on a pre-treated waste water finally shows that the filtration material is potentially interesting for an industrial application
Guerineau, Théo. "Synthèse et caractérisation de verres pour l’impression 3D par laser : verres phosphates et d'oxydes lourds à l'argent." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0071.
The research of new breakthrough technologies in integrated optics presents many challenges to reach high-performance, compact and energy- and cost-efficient photonic systems. To this issue, direct laser writing in transparent amorphous materials is a high-potential approach. Indeed, by multi-scale modifications (from nanoscopic to macroscopic) in three dimensions, a large panel of functionalities can be incremented by this all-optical technique. An innovative approach is based on femtosecond laser irradiation of specialty glasses, whose photosensitivity has been improved upstream, at the design stage. In this way, direct laser writing in silver photosensitized glasses allows for the deployment of various functionalities supported by the laser-induced silver photochemistry, without affecting the glass matrix. In particular for phosphate glasses, such a photostructuration offers the ability to generate new molecular species, corresponding to the silver clusters. Indeed, the controlled formation of these aggregated species at the (sub-)micronic scale and in three dimensions, provides the controlled creation of several optic properties with a very high optical contrast: fluorescence, refractive index variation, second and third harmonic generation, and development of plasmonic metal nanoparticles.The work presented in this thesis deals with theoretical and technological aspects in glass science, focusing on the photochemistry of silver. First, in a phosphate glass system P2O5 – Ga2O3 – Na2O doped with silver (GPN:Ag), a detailed study of the structure-property relationship has been carried out. Thanks to this study, a correlation between the glass structure, the silver environment and the glass photosensitivity has been clearly evidenced. Second, two compositions from the GPN:Ag glass system, respectively of low and high photosensitivity, have been subjected to the implementation of two functionalities with glass fiber drawing and laser inscription of X-ray resilient structures. The contribution of these two functionalities highlights the strong potential and added value of this GPN:Ag glass family for the elaboration of integrated and/or fiber X-ray sensors. In the meantime, a study has been conducted on two phosphate glasses with or without co-mobile ions, such as sodium or fluorine, allowing for a better understanding of the laser rewriting property, in correlation with the management of the silver ion reservoir. By all-optical approach, sub-diffraction spatial periodicities from 200 to 300 nm have been obtained in an optimized GPN:Ag composition. The tailoring of both the special glass synthesis and laser structuring has led to the first demonstration of Bragg gratings integrated into waveguides. Third, a new heavy oxide glass system Ga2O3 – Ge2O – K2O (GGK), compatible with the silver photochemistry, has been considered. This glass system is highly interesting since it has an extended transmission window up to the mid-infrared. Thanks to spark plasma sintering of GGK glass powder, transparent amorphous and KGaGeO4 non-centrosymmetric glass-ceramic pellets have been synthetized. By improving the cationic ratios of these GGK glasses with barium, a glass hosting the silver photochemistry has been elaborated and laser photostructured. This new glass opens up the wide potential of laser-induced silver photochemistry for photonic applications in the wavelength range of interest between 3 µm and 5 µm
Bourdin, Florence. "La dévitrification des verres de phosphates : étude phénoménologique et aspect structural." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10059.
Bodiang, Kadiali. "Effets du molybdène dans les verres de phosphates : relations structure-propriétés." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R046.
Molybdenum phosphate glasses are materials of interest for nuclear waste storage and solid-state electrolytes. Thermal and electrical properties of vitreous molybdophosphates are highly dependent on molybdenum local environment. 95Mo is an attractive NMR-active isotope with a wide chemical shift range (over 7000 ppm). 95Mo is a quadrupolar nucleus (I=5/2). This interaction is known to be an invaluable probe to local changes in materials. Data linking 95Mo NMR parameters to the structure of molybdophosphates are scarce, so we studied model compounds. Our methodology is to combine experimental NMR and DFT calculations using GIPAW algorithm (periodic approach) to obtain a better knowledge of the evolution of NMR parameters (chemical shift, chemical shift anisotropy and quadrupolar coupling constant). We have established correlations between molybdenum coordination number and anisotropic NMR parameters. During this work, DFT calculations using GIAO method (molecular approach) demonstrated that quadrupolar coupling constant is a semi-local parameter. Crystal compounds study allowed us to define relationships between the structure of molybdophosphate glasses and thermal, electrical and crystallization mechanisms
Tlaiji, Tala. "Développement et caractérisation du comportement thermomécanique des matériaux composites TRC." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1116/document.
In order to strengthen and protect civil engineering structures from fires, a research program was undertaken for the development of new TRC composite materials. The TRC composite generally consists of two components, the textile reinforcement and the cement matrix. The new composites of the project are formulated with an inorganic phosphate cement or an aluminous matrix with continuous textile reinforcements using glass, carbon or hybrids. The purpose of this work is to examine and develop TRC that meets the thermomechanical performance criteria. The first level of design is to define a characterization methodology, which identifies the thermomechanical characteristics and physicochemical properties of TRC subjected to high temperature. Several coupled thermal and mechanical loading regimes as well as thermal analyses were applied and taken into account for different TRC formulations. In a first experimental part, the nature of the matrix and the cooling effect on the thermomechanical behaviour of TRC were studied. The second part of the experimental work explores the thermomechanical and thermo-physico-chemical behaviour of two families of TRC. The first family of TRC was formed of a phosphate cement and E-glass textile. It examines the bond that can be developed through the fibre-matrix interface by two different geometries of textile. The effectiveness of the reinforcement is then improved by a pre-impregnation by a resin epoxy. The second family of TRC deals with the reinforcement of an aluminous matrix by carbon grids. This family has undergone several changes. Filling of the matrix with alumina and micron glass was not sufficient to improve the behaviour of TRC. A new carbon grid was then used and layers of Mat AR glass fibres were inserted into the matrix. These layers of Mat AR created good thermal insulation but presented a delamination problem. Finally, the addition of polypropylene fibres in an aluminous mortar with graded granulometry showed satisfactory results. After the search and validation of the most efficient TRC, the "heat shield" function of insulating materials was processed to improve the thermomechanical stability of TRC
Mercier, Cyrille. "Étude par impédancemétrie de la corrosion atmosphérique des verres d'ultraphosphates de zinc." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD974.
Le, Saout Gwenn. "Caractérisation multispectroscopique de l'ordre à moyenne distance dans des verres de phosphates." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2041.
Draoui, Mustapha. "Application du procédé sol-gel -> verre à l'obtention de matériaux phosphatés utilisables en génie biomédical." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10112.
Trudel, Andrée-Anne. "Synthèse de verres et vitrocéramiques à base de fluoro-phosphates dopés par des ions Yb3+, Er3+ et Tm3+ pour la luminescence dans le visible." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25665.
LE, SAUZE ANDRE. "Etude de la substitution oxygene / azote dans le tetraedre po 4 : optimisation de la durabilite chimique des verres de phosphates. caracterisation de l'oxynitrure de phosphore pon comme pseudo-silice." Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN10113.
Vaca, Jean-Michel. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces dans le système P2O5-ZrO2 obtenues par dépot chimique en phase vapeur à partir d'un aérosol." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0150.
Bourhis, Kevin. "Photostructuration par laser infrarouge femtoseconde de verres photosensibles de phosphates de zinc, d'argent et de gallium." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661392.
Cousi, Clémentine. "Séparation de phase et cristallisation induites par l'ajout de molybdène et de phosphore dans un verre silico-sodo-calcique." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20216.
Belharouak, Ilias. "Luminescence de l'argent dans les phosphates." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00972640.