Journal articles on the topic 'Verbal communicative action'
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Kachmar, Olga, and Victoria Yeryomenko. "IDEATION DISCOURSE: MEANS OF COMMUNICATIVE EFFECT ACHIEVEMENT (ON THE MATERIAL OF TED-PLATFORM)." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 11(79) (September 29, 2021): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2021-11(79)-85-90.
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Interactive aspects of communication include the following categories embodied in the metacommunicative elements of discourse, one of which is speech mode. The article focuses on pattern identification of communicative effect on the recipient by varying serious and humorous modes of the speech. The attention is paid to the identification of the initial strategies of communicative effect in both serious and humorous mode of English ideative speech. Communicative mode is an emotionally-stylistic communication format that occurs during the interaction between communicants and determines their changing attitudes and the choice of all means of communication. Serious mode orients the subjects of discourse to perceive communicative action as the one corresponding to norms. Humorous mode orients the subjects of discourse to perceive communicative action as the one inconsistent with norms. The paper gives results of inferential analysis of responsive actions on how successful the ideators’ speeches are according to the recipients’ instant and delayed responsive actions. The evaluation of communicative success has been conducted with the help of inferencial analysis of verbal and non-verbal actions of the audience taking into account instant and delayed responsive actions, in particular total number of the recording views, average monthly number of views; laughter, applause, cheers, murmur.
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Kaysina, Darya. "COMMUNICATIVE INFLUENCE IN ENGLISH IDEATION DISCOURSE: RESPONSIVE STRATEGIES (BASED ON TED INTERNET PLATFORM)." Odessa Linguistic Journal, no. 12 (2018): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32837/2312-3192/12/3.
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The article focuses on identification and description of the responsive strategies realized by the subjects of English ideation discourse. The term English ideation discourse encompasses a process and result of the communicants’ interaction in the social-cultural context of a public speech. The subjects of such a discourse are the ideator and the recipient(-s) who take part in the cognitive-communicative activity in order to accept and apply the idea that is the object of this interaction. The idea refers to a mental structure translated into verbal and non-verbal means of communication. The ideator’s global socially relevant communicative aim is to exert communicative influence on the recipients, so that they will put the idea into social action. This aim is achieved through the initial communicative strategies of informing, persuading and instructing that govern the sub-strategies: informative, informative-persuasive, persuasive, persuasive-instructive, and instructive. Sub-strategies are aimed at different spheres of the recipients’ consciousness – rational reasoning (informative, informative-persuasive), emotions (persuasive), volition (instructive) or at the subconsciousness (persuasive-instructive). Responsive communicative actions of the recipients are divided into instant (verbal: exclamations, short answers; non-verbal: laughter, applause, gestures) and delayed (verbal: rating an ideation speech by choosing three out of fourteen available adjectives of positive / negative evaluation; non-verbal: general and average monthly number of views of the video recording of an ideation speech). The study is pioneering a systematic cognitive-communicative methodology which reveals constitutive features of a new object of linguistic analysis – English ideation discourse – and provides the tool of inferential analysis to identify and describe rational, emotional, volitional communicative influence with relevant to this influence responsive strategies that are exerted by the subjects of the ideation discourse and are manifested in their verbal and non-verbal actions.
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Gasz, Agnieszka Maria. "Food in the communicative perspective: linguacultural approach." Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury 33 (October 12, 2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.117.
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The article makes an attempt to characterise the act of eating as a communicative event and a cultural text: the analysis is based on the model of communication, theory of information and the general theory of signs. The main objective of the analysis is focused on reconstruction of the linguistic and cultural picture of eating in communication. In the description of the data, references are made to selected research methods and tools of linguistic semantics, particularly in its cultural variant. The data under consideration were initially limited to Polish linguaculture but in the course of analysis examples from other cultures were incorporated. While constructing a communicative model of eating, a basic distinction is made between the performer of an action (the eater) and the object of this action (the food). The analysis of the data reveals that apart from the verbally expressed information about who eats, what they eat, and how they do it. Another significant role in coding meaning is played by the accompanying non-verbal communication (eating-related sounds or the eater’s body language), as well as conventional signals replacing verbal formulas (communication through an arrangement of the cutlery, the dish itself or a specific manner of consumption).
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Doronina, S. V. "Verbal Extremism in Everyday Interpersonal Communication." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, no. 2 (July 13, 2019): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-2-61-66.
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The extremist statements are diverse and can be classified in a range of aspects: semantic, pragmatic and rhetorical. Analysis of expert practice enables to distinguish two semantic classes: statements about national/religious group and statements about nationalist ideology. In terms of pragmatism the statements are divided into the following types: calls for action against a group; statements about actions against a group and negative attitude to it; humiliation of group members; threat to group members. Apart from that constative statements are divided into two subgroups depending on their rhetorical structure: evaluative statements and statements containing justification for negative judgments. The content and pragmatic signs of “extremist” contexts can be found in various combinations limited by the features of a communicative situation. The article summarises expert practice on the study of extremist statements uttered primarily during interpersonal domestic disputes. It is shown that the variety of statements can be reduced to a finite list of features which are a special subject of the research.
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Amin, M. Ali Syamsuddin. "Communication Activities in Mitoni Events in Layansari Village (Study of Communication Ethnography Regarding Communication Activities at the Mitoni Event in Layansari Village, Gandrungmangu District, Cilacap Regency in requesting the safety of Mother and Child)." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (May 8, 2020): 1289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.973.
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This research was intended to gives a deep about the communicating actifity mitoni event in Layansari village . As for focus problems divided by researchers into some sub micro problems that is the situation communicative, communicative events, and the act of communicative in mitoni event. The Methods used in this study was a qualitative methodology tradition ethnography communication. Research Informant amounted to 4 (four), 1 key informant and 3 suppored informants that selected by Purposive. Data collecting technique through in-depth interviews, non participants observation, study literature, internet searching, and documentation. Technique of data analysis is data Collection, Data Reduction, Data Display, Conclusion Veryfication. The results showed that the Communicative Situation, contained in mitoni event was conducted in the Layansari village at pregnant mother’s home. Communicative events in a mitoni as a cultural tradition which is carried out by pregnant woman that seven months pregnancy for entreating the safety of Mother and Child. Communicative Action in mitoni is an action which embodies the verbal and nonverbal behavior as an gratitude expression and entreating the safety. The conclusions of this study that the communication activity in mitoni event inherited from their ancestors by hereditary to embody respect for the ancestors and applying the safety of Mother and Child. The advice from researcher in order to always execute when a pregnant woman that seven months pregnancy in entreating the safety and also to conservating this culture.
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OLSON, JANET, and ELISE FRANK MASUR. "Mothers' labeling responses to infants' gestures predict vocabulary outcomes." Journal of Child Language 42, no. 6 (February 3, 2015): 1289–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000914000828.
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AbstractTwenty-nine infants aged 1;1 and their mothers were videotaped while interacting with toys for 18 minutes. Six experimental stimuli were presented to elicit infant communicative bids in two communicative intent contexts – proto-declarative and proto-imperative. Mothers' verbal responses to infants' gestural and non-gestural communicative bids were coded for object and action labels. Relations between maternal labeling responses and infants' vocabularies at 1;1 and 1;5 were examined. Mothers' labeling responses to infants' gestural communicative bids were concurrently and predictively related to infants' vocabularies, whereas responses to non-gestural communicative bids were not. Mothers' object labeling following gestures in the proto-declarative context mediated the association from infants' gesturing in the proto-declarative context to concurrent noun lexicons and was the strongest predictor of subsequent noun lexicons. Mothers' action labeling after infants' gestural bids in the proto-imperative context predicted infants' acquisition of action words at 1;5. Findings show that mothers' responsive labeling explain specific relations between infants' gestures and their vocabulary development.
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Akimova, I. I. "REPRESENTATION OF THE MORPHEMIC COMPOSITION OF THE VERBAL WORD FOR LINGUODIDACTIC PURPOSES." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-1-168-177.
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The article deals with a number of issues related to the morphology of the Russian verb. The research was performed according to the "objective grammar" of the Russian language in the framework of the Functional-Communicative Grammar (M.V. Vsevolodova's School). The aim of the study is to correlate the morphemic composition of the Russian verb and the meaning of "perfective aspect" vs. ‘imperfective aspect" forms of the verb, to distinguish the actual correlation of the aspects and the phenomenon of the methods of verbal action (the so-called characterized verbs). The author proceeds from the premise that a clear understanding of the aspect will improve the method of cross-lingual matching as well as make Russian classes more effective for non-Slavic speakers. The factors of linguistic relativity, their content and means of expression, predetermine a need for a comparative analysis of the lexical-grammatical category of the verbal form embracing the methods of verbal action as a means of expressing the category of verbal aspect and the possibilities of expressing similar meanings in Chinese. The functional-communicative approach allows for a linguodidactic description, relevant for the entire language system (objective grammar); a comparative approach will remove many of the linguistic barriers of a foreign student whose mother tongue is an analytic language.
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Soldatenkova, E. N. "Overcoming the Semantic Barrier and Developing the Ability to Use Communicative Tools Part I. Issue. Method." Cultural-Historical Psychology 17, no. 3 (2021): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2021170308.
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The article is devoted to the problem of the functional structure of communicative action. Based on theoretical analysis and many years of pedagogical experience of working with children with affective pathology (autism spectrum disorders), the author recreates and refines the studies of cultural-historical theory and answers its main question — a method problem: the influence of holistic interfunctional analysis on overcoming semantic bias (central defect and syndrome-forming factor of psychopathology) and the development of a more universal communication form — verbal communication in non-speaking children with autism spectrum disorders in preschool age (by means of restructuring the way the impaired function is realized). The described conditions can be taken into account when constructing an intermediary (lively communicative action) both in the practice of general education (to prevent the occurrence of motivational disorders and increase the age limit) and in working with children with affective pathology (especially with children with autism spectrum disorders).
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Mogot, Yuni. "AKTIVITAS KOMUNIKASI MASYARAKAT HINDU TAMIL DALAM UPACARA THAIPUSAM DI SINGAPURA." Jurnal Common 3, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/common.v3i2.2605.
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This research aims to investigating Hindu Tamil community’s communication activities on Thaipusam ceremony at Singapore. A qualitative design with Ethnography of communication approach is used on this research. The data collection method is observation and participation on the research subject’s daily live, in-depth interview with 29 respondents who was decided purposively, literature study, also documents and data analysis that related to research objects.
The results show that Communicative Situation on Thaipusam ceremony at Singapore take place until five kilometers, which started from Sri Sinivasa Perumal Temple at Serangoon Road, and ended at Sri Thendayuthapani Temple at Tank Road. Communicative Events on Thaipusam ceremony which followed by Hindu Tamil Community is the expression of gratitude and penance. The ceremony started at 02.00 P.M. local time, and ended at 04.00 P.M. on the next day. The Language that is used during the ceremonial ritual is the language from participants community’s origin, which is Tamil. Communicative Action which is done on the Thaipusam ceremony expressed on both verbal and non-verbal forms, such as utterances, pictures or photographs, praise gesture, facial expression, and clothes with orange domination. The glory of goodness from evil is symbolized through the use of “vel” and “kavadi” which are used during the ceremony.
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Шарко, Мария, and Mariia Sharko. "Penitentiary Discourse as an Object of Speech Study." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 7, no. 3 (June 13, 2018): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5b15111737e947.92413347.
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Particularly penitentiary discourse contribute to the problematic nature of verbal interaction, potential conflict communication. Characteristics of a penitentiary discourse are status and role positions of participants of communication, their psychological and cultural features, a communication regulation. In the course of speech interaction there can be communicative difficulties caused by psychological, world outlook, cultural distinctions of participants of basic couple. Involvement in a penitentiary discourse causes formation earlier not of peculiar models of speech behavior that allows to consider the convict as special type of the communicative personality. Influence on convictedfrom the employee of penitentiary institution assumes change of views, beliefs, behavior and can cause both passive, and active, including aggressive rejection. Therefore, at communication in the penitentiary discourse the probability of communicative failure is high. Features of a penitentiary discourse cause the problem nature of speech interaction, potentially conflict communication. Knowledge about the peculiarities of the prison discourse in a communicative aspect aimed at developing the ability to predict the response of the interlocutor to some action, to adjust their own speech behavior, select the desired method of exposure. Research of a penitentiary discourse from the standpoint of communication theory: definition of typical situations of emergence of difficulties in communication, differentiation of conflict and problem communication, the characteristic of the convict as communicative personality, identification and classification of communicative problems, their markers (communicative misses, mistakes) — can create theoretical base of professionally focused communicative training of staff of penitentiary institutions that will probably promote formation of professional competence.
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Kuznietsova, Oksana. "ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF THE CONCEPT “COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF SPEECH THERAPY GROUPS”." Collection of Scientific Papers of Uman State Pedagogical University, no. 3 (October 12, 2021): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.3.2021.241750.
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The article investigates the essence of the concept of “communicative competence of the teacher of speech therapy groups” and defines its components. The content of the notions “competence”, “professional competence”, “communicative competence”, and “communicative competence of the teacher of the preschool institution of compensatory type” is revealed. The author defines the communicative competence of the future educator of speech therapy groups as a tool of correctional and pedagogical action. It is characterized by the unity of communicative skills, knowledge, skills, which include: speech culture, culture of verbal and non-verbal communication, emotional (intonation-expressive) culture, and ability to find speech and emotional contact with the child, using the intonation capabilities of speech, sound speech, taking into account the specific speech disorders of children, in order to solve correctional and developmental tasks during professional activities.The development of communicative competence of future educators of speech therapy groups in the process of professional training in a professional-pedagogical college involves implementing each of the above components in the process of purposeful work, taking into account the level of its formation. As it is shown in the article, a significant feature of the profession of a speech therapist is its belonging to the professions of “increased speech responsibility”, in which communicative competence is a prerequisite for professional competence.Therefore, at the present stage, the actual problem of pedagogical education in Ukraine is the formation of the professional competencies of the student – the future teacher.
Keywords: competence; professional competence; communicative competence; teachers of speech therapy groups; speech therapist; correctional work, children with speech disorder; preschool educational institutions of compensating type; pedagogical colleges.
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Wiśniewski, Jakub Bożydar. "Word, Action, and Entrepreneurship." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2019-0010.
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Abstract The Mengerian-Misesian tradition in economics is also known as the causal-realist approach – in other words, it studies the causal structure of economic phenomena conceived of as outgrowths of real human actions. Thus, it finds verbal descriptions and declarations economically meaningful only insofar as they can be linked with demonstrated preferences and their causal interactions. In this paper, I shall investigate how the approach in question bears on topics such as the economic calculation debate, deliberative democracy, and the provision of public goods. In particular, in the context of discussing the above topics I shall focus on market entrepreneurship understood as a crucial instance of “practicing what one preaches” in the ambit of large-scale social cooperation. In sum, I shall attempt to demonstrate that the Mengerian-Misesian tradition offers unique insights into the logic of communicative rationality by emphasizing and exploring its indispensable associations with the logic of action.
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Jagannath, Swathi, Neha Kamireddi, Katherine Ann Zellner, Randall S. Burd, Ivan Marsic, and Aleksandra Sarcevic. "A Speech-Based Model for Tracking the Progression of Activities in Extreme Action Teamwork." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW1 (March 30, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3512920.
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Designing computerized approaches to support complex teamwork requires an understanding of how activity-related information is relayed among team members. In this paper, we focus on verbal communication and describe a speech-based model that we developed for tracking activity progression during time-critical teamwork. We situated our study in the emergency medical domain of trauma resuscitation and transcribed speech from 104 audio recordings of actual resuscitations. Using the transcripts, we first studied the nature of speech during 34 clinically relevant activities. From this analysis, we identified 11 communicative events across three different stages of activity performance-before, during, and after. For each activity, we created sequential ordering of the communicative events using the concept of narrative schemas. The final speech-based model emerged by extracting and aggregating generalized aspects of the 34 schemas. We evaluated the model performance by using 17 new transcripts and found that the model reliably recognized an activity stage in 98% of activity-related conversation instances. We conclude by discussing these results, their implications for designing computerized approaches that support complex teamwork, and their generalizability to other safety-critical domains.
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Vdovichenko, Andrey V. "Written Verbal Clichés as Posed in Communicative Action: Experiment on Identifying Units and Understanding Sense (Meaning)." Journal of Psycholinguistic 2 (June 30, 2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30982/2077-5911-2020-44-2-40-49.
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Maul, Kristen K., Peggy S. Conner, Daniel Kempler, Christina Radvanski, and Mira Goral. "Using Informative Verbal Exchanges to Promote Verb Retrieval in Nonfluent Aphasia." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 23, no. 3 (August 2014): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_ajslp-13-0004.
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PurposeThe goal of this study was to determine whether positive treatment effects of a modified constraint-induced language therapy focused on verb production would generalize to unpracticed items and tasks.MethodFour individuals participated in a single-subject treatment design protocol. The treatment involved intensive practice producing verbs in sentences in an informative communicative exchange. Direct treatment outcome was examined by measuring the accuracy of producing practiced verbs in an action description task, a task similar to those used in treatment. Generalization was assessed by measuring production of unpracticed verbs and sentence grammaticality in the action description task and by measuring verb production and sentence grammaticality in 2 relatively unstructured (unpracticed) language tasks.ResultsTwo of the 4 participants showed a direct treatment effect, producing a greater number of practiced verbs in the action description task following treatment compared with before treatment. All participants improved sentence grammaticality following treatment, although grammaticality was not explicitly targeted in therapy. Generalization to unpracticed, less-structured tasks was variable across the participants.ConclusionPatterns of generalization may depend on participants' specific language deficits and production characteristics, on the language tasks used, and on the measures used to detect change and assess generalization.
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Rismawaty, Rismawaty, and Nova Deria. "TINDAKAN KOMUNIKASI DALAM TRADISI MAULUDAN DI DESA KEMUJA KABUPATEN MENDO BARAT PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG." Jurnal Common 4, no. 2 (March 10, 2021): 216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/common.v4i2.4437.
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This research was conducted to explain the communication actions in the Mauludan Tradition. The focus of the problem in this study is how the orders, statements, requests, and non-verbal behavior in the Mauludan Tradition in Kemuja Village.
The research method used is a qualitative research method of communication ethnographic studies. The research subjects were the Kemuja Village Community and the number of research informants was 6 (six) people obtained through the snowball techniques and purposive sampling. Data collection techniques through reference books, previous research, internet searching, participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation.
The results showed that the people of Kemuja used Bangka Malay as a means of communication. Communicative actions contained in the Mauludan Tradition are the Actions of command: men are obliged to wear Muslim clothes when performing, Statements actions: bring food to the mosque for 2 consecutive days, Action of Request: as a form of gratitude and thanks to Allah SWT and as a respect for ancestors so that their lives are always on the right path. Non-Verbal Behavioral Actions: shaking hands with others as a form of apology and forging ties of friendship, carrying food from house to mosque as a form of mutual cooperation, gratitude for sustenance and sharing, wearing Muslim clothes and fragrances as a form of respect. The act of communication at the Mauludan event must continue to be celebrated so that people's lives are blessed to increase their faith and can continue to maintain cultural authenticity.
The conclusion of this research is that the Communication Actions in the Mauludan Tradition in Kemuja Village runs in a solemn atmosphere and there is an exchange of certain symbols such as in the nganggung activities, the clothes used, and other accessories.
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Kalinina, Marina. "The Genre of Invective in Public Discourse." Nizhny Novgorod Linguistics University Bulletin, Special issue (December 31, 2020): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47388/2072-3490/lunn2020-si-153-163.
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The relevance of this research project lies in the increasing interest of the general public and professional linguists towards public discourse and the specific type of the communicative personality whose verbal behavior shakes up the normative framework and leads to violations of linguistic security. Such a speaker prefers non-normative linguistic means with the strongest communicative and stylistic charge, because they support her desire for self-expression and attract the attention of others; needless to say they often include invective. The rejection of normative expressive means is also due to the deliberate or spontaneous intention of the speaker to humiliate, ridicule, or offend the interlocutor and assert herself, which is much easier to do with invective vocabulary. Looking at the functions of the invective, its paralinguistic and linguistic features, and the intentions of the speakers, the article describes the invective genres of hating and flaming. Hating is viewed as a deliberate communicative action aimed at discrediting a person or at her social stigmatization. Flaming is characterized by spontaneity and is due to the speaker’s communicative emotionality, asociality, and propensity towards conflicts. The author determines risks of using verbal abuse, invective genres, and pejoratives in public discourse, emphasizing the importance of regulating these through relevant legislation, since, as experience shows, invective may become a form of expressing linguistic extremism and lead to physical violence. The author discusses the immediate need of introducing mandatory moderation (both automated and manual) of chats on social networks, forums, public websites, messengers, TV shows and other media in order to prevent negative consequences of invectizing public discourse and to ensure linguistic security for communication participants.
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Kaura-aho, Katariina. "Politics of Silence: On Autonomous, Communicative and Aesthetic Silences." Pólemos 15, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pol-2021-2009.
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Abstract The article analyses the political meaning of silence by reflecting on the communicative, autonomous and aesthetic function of silence in context of prevailing political speech systems. In the article, silence is interpreted as an active communication form, as an activist protest tactic and as an aesthetic practice. The article argues that silence can have a politically subversive function toward prevailing aesthetically organised speech systems.Conventionally, silence is devalued in Western societies that primarily celebrate the expressive and communicative capacity of verbal speech. In theorising about radically egalitarian politics, it is however crucial to note the various ways in which silence can be an important source of power. Silence holds the potential for certain active political change in current legal-political frameworks. On the one hand, silence can enable new communication forms and actualise alternative political solidarities and attachments. Also, the logic of oppressive speech systems can be resisted through silent political action. On the other hand, it is in an individual’s own practices of silence, ones that silent protests can bring about in their aftermath, where the sensibility of prevailing political speech orders can be rearranged. The article analyses these many meanings of political silence.
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Doak, Lauran. "‘But I’d rather have raisins!’: Exploring a hybridized approach to multimodal interaction in the case of a minimally verbal child with autism." Qualitative Research 19, no. 1 (January 23, 2018): 30–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794117752115.
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This article explores a ‘hybridized approach’ to multimodal research drawing on video data of classroom communication involving children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The focus is a short video of ‘Luke’, aged six, who at snack time declines to request an available food item (carrot, tomato or apple) with the available Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS); instead deploying embodied, idiosyncratic communication including gaze, vocalisation and object manipulation to request raisins. The article explores the potential of a hybridized approach for understanding Luke’s communicative competencies which draws upon the theoretical perspectives of Ethnography of Communication, Conversation Analysis and Multimodal (Inter)Action Analysis; and uses two forms of multimodal transcription (the multimodal matrix and annotated video stills). It is argued that each tradition brings distinct affordances to our understanding of this short interaction and that together they can permit inferences which would not have been possible working with one approach alone.
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Chua, Nurul Ain, and Goh Ying Soon. "Performing Communicative Language Teaching in Mandarin Mobile Learning." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 15, no. 05 (March 16, 2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i05.20899.
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<p class="0abstract">Students should be able to develop their communication abilities instead of just concentrating on translation methods. As a result, Communicative Teaching Language (CLT) had become the most favored approach to achieving the verbal goal as it was known as the most effective strategy to enhance learners' communicative competence. However, it was not a one-size-fits-all approach, and language instructors were advised to integrate educational technology to develop learning for students. Hence, CLT Mandarin mobile learning via personal action research was conducted to determine the extent of the approach on students' oral learning attainment, attitudes, and learners' recommendations during the learning process. The communicative task used in this study was Chatting to Mandarin Native Speakers programme. Pre- and post-oral assessments had been conducted in response to research inquiries. In verifying the reliability and validity of the study, data were triangulated through students' oral assessments, Students' Diaries, Self-Reflective Journals and Focus Group Interviews. The outcomes showed that students enjoyed the activity and improved their confidence and oral competence. Also, they suggested that there should be more language activities. The findings indicated that, when designing CLT technology-integrated projects, an instructor needed to consider students' learning preferences which make the project a success.</p>
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Idawati, Idawati. "POLITENESS SOCIETY REGENCY OF FOUR LAWANG." IJLECR - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE EDUCATION AND CULTURE REVIEW 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/ijlecr.031.02.
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This study aimed to describe in depth politeness of society of EmpatLawang district in South Sumatra. The focus of research is the politeness of society of EmpatLawang. Sub focus of research includes: politeness strategies, principles of cooperation, the function of politeness and civility in terms of cultural aspects. This research is ethnography of communication. Techniques and procedures for data collection is done by observation, recordings, transcripts, and interviews. Verify the validity of the data is done with credibility, transferability, dependability, and comfirmability. Data analysis was done by transcribing recordings data into written form, then analyzed based on situations, events, and communicative action. Based on data analysis found that politeness of society of EmpatLawang district bith formally and informally expressed through: (1) positive and negative politeness strategies in accordance with the model of politeness Brown and Levinson; (2) the application of the principles of cooperation in accordance with the model of Grice's speech, although still a violation of the maxim; (3) the function of language as a medium to achieve the purpose of communication through asking, offers, orders/errand, and refused functions; (4) The cultural aspect is manifested in the form of verbal and nonverbal communication.
This study aimed to describe in depth politeness of society of EmpatLawang district in South Sumatra. The focus of research is the politeness of society of EmpatLawang. Sub focus of research includes: politeness strategies, principles of cooperation, the function of politeness and civility in terms of cultural aspects. This research is ethnography of communication. Techniques and procedures for data collection is done by observation, recordings, transcripts, and interviews. Verify the validity of the data is done with credibility, transferability, dependability, and comfirmability. Data analysis was done by transcribing recordings data into written form, then analyzed based on situations, events, and communicative action. Based on data analysis found that politeness of society of EmpatLawang district bith formally and informally expressed through: (1) positive and negative politeness strategies in accordance with the model of politeness Brown and Levinson; (2) the application of the principles of cooperation in accordance with the model of Grice's speech, although still a violation of the maxim; (3) the function of language as a medium to achieve the purpose of communication through asking, offers, orders/errand, and refused functions; (4) The cultural aspect is manifested in the form of verbal and nonverbal communication.
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Thakur, Vijay Singh, Moosa Ahmed Ali Sulaiman, and Ehsan Elahi. "Review of the English Tense System: Decoding Dichotomies and Restructuring Instructional Practice." English Language Teaching 14, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n4p77.
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As far as the main purpose of teaching and learning of the Grammar of a language is concerned, it should tell the teachers and learners the principles and parameters of sentence construction in the given language, i.e. English Language in the context of the discussion in this paper. Incidentally, the grammatical device of tense becomes more important and relevant at the level of discourse and communication. However, a predominantly common approach to teaching and learning of the system of tense in English language has been to understand it in synonymous terms with the notion of three timelines of present, past and future, which poses situations of systemic difficulties and makes it confusing and misleading to comprehend and communicate sentences and utterances in terms of communicative clarity within the parametric confines of the linguistic system of the English Language. Focusing on this issue, this paper demonstrates the ways to unfold the dichotomies involved in the traditional ways of teaching and learning of the grammar of tense, times and aspects of verbal action in English Language and suggests an instructional framework to resolve the related pedagogical issues of concern.
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Knorz, Olga V. "Semantic-pragmatic potential of reports of refusal of communication in the roman of E. Vodolazkin “Lavr”." International Journal “Speech Genres” 32, no. 4 (November 24, 2021): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2311-0740-2021-4-32-295-304.
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The semantic and pragmatic potential of statements of refusal to communicate allows shedding light on the peculiarities of the phenomenon of silence, identifying its varieties, the specifics of manifestation in the Russian linguistic picture of the world and analyzing the functionality as part of a literary text. The concept of “refusal to communicate” is a broader phenomenon than the actual speech genre of refusal, since refusal as such implies a negative reaction only to initial motivational responses, while refusal of communication can become both a reaction to any statement or not be reactive at all, that is, to be the initial remark in the dialogue. The peculiarity of statements with the semantics of silence is manifested in the fact that their illocutionary goal is the impossibility or unwillingness to continue communication and is achieved using various linguistic means, first of all, lexemes denoting the speaking process, as well as modal modifiers expressing the reason for such speech behavior. The differences between speech genres, which are based on rejection, lie in the very object of rejection, in what the speaker rejects. In the Russian linguistic picture of the world, silence is characterized by the fact that it is a communicative action, it consists not in the absence of speech, but in the transmission of information in a non-verbal way. In this case, it is called communicatively meaningful silence. The analysis of the lexical structure of E. Vodolazkin’s novel “Laure” made it possible to identify important fragments of the text associated with silence, to obtain information about the author’s worldview and his attitude to the phenomenon of silence.
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Mason, Ian, and Wen Ren. "Power in face-to-face interpreting events." Sociological Turn in Translation and Interpreting Studies 7, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 234–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.7.2.08mas.
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The traditional view holds that professional interpreters should be transparent, invisible, passive, neutral, and detached, a view reiterated and reinforced in the prescribed interpreters’ codes of conduct of national and international professional organizations. Such an idealized role construct, however, is from time to time deconstructed in real-life face-to-face interpreting events. In this paper, face-to-face interpreting is seen as a three-way communicative event in which the interpreter is a co-constructor of the interaction and can therefore be a powerful figure. From the perspective of interpreting as a socially-situated activity, the paper adopts Michel Foucault’s concept of power, defining it not as the traditionally dominating force to monopolize, control, or rule, but as a kind of strategy, disposition, maneuver, tactic, or technique, functioning in a network of relations. Although interpreters often lack institutional power, they may be equipped with power within the exchange as a result of their bilingual and bicultural expertise. They may exercise this power by adopting various verbal and non-verbal strategies to negotiate, coordinate, check, and balance power relations. This can be specifically manifested in interpreters’ social action as co-interlocutors, empowerment figures, or in the adoption of a non-neutral stance. Examples are cited from authentic interpreting events to analyze interpreters’ power-at-work, focusing on their verbal and non-verbal behaviors, in particular, their positioning and gaze.
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Mohr, Bettina, Benjamin Stahl, Marcelo L. Berthier, and Friedemann Pulvermüller. "Intensive Communicative Therapy Reduces Symptoms of Depression in Chronic Nonfluent Aphasia." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 31, no. 12 (December 2017): 1053–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968317744275.
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Background. Patients with brain lesions and resultant chronic aphasia frequently suffer from depression. However, no effective interventions are available to target neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with aphasia who have severe language and communication deficits. Objective. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of 2 different methods of speech and language therapy in reducing symptoms of depression in aphasia on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) using secondary analysis (BILAT-1 trial). Methods. In a crossover randomized controlled trial, 18 participants with chronic nonfluent aphasia following left-hemispheric brain lesions were assigned to 2 consecutive treatments: (1) intensive language-action therapy (ILAT), emphasizing communicative language use in social interaction, and (2) intensive naming therapy (INT), an utterance-centered standard method. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups, receiving both treatments in counterbalanced order. Both interventions were applied for 3.5 hours daily over a period of 6 consecutive working days. Outcome measures included depression scores on the BDI and a clinical language test (Aachen Aphasia Test). Results. Patients showed a significant decrease in symptoms of depression after ILAT but not after INT, which paralleled changes on clinical language tests. Treatment-induced decreases in depression scores persisted when controlling for individual changes in language performance. Conclusions. Intensive training of behaviorally relevant verbal communication in social interaction might help reduce symptoms of depression in patients with chronic nonfluent aphasia.
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Zamani, I., and J. N. Sheikhi. "VERBAL MOOD AS A MEDIUM OF THE POLITENESS CATEGORY IN RUSSIAN AND PERSIAN." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 4 (January 10, 2018): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2017-4-175-180.
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The article features verbal mood as one of the morphological means of expressing the category of politeness. The main attention in the study of the category of courtesy and the means of its expression is focused on the functional grammar and the functional-semantic field as one of its basic concepts. When teaching a foreign language (grammar in general or communicative grammar in particular), the main role should be assigned to the functional principle of teaching. The principle is based on systems of different levels that express this or that meaning of the categories in question. The category of inclination, being an intentional category, expresses the relation of action to reality established by the speaker. Much attention is given to the characteristic features of the imperative and subjunctive moods that make up the nearest periphery of the functional-semantic field of courtesy both in Russian and Persian. The research concentrates on the semantics of the forms of imperative and subjunctive moods as invariants of the politeness category and explores various speech acts expressing different degrees of politeness in both languages.
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Puccini, Daniel, Mireille Hassemer, Dorothé Salomo, and Ulf Liszkowski. "The type of shared activity shapes caregiver and infant communication." Gesture and Multimodal Development 10, no. 2-3 (December 31, 2010): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.10.2-3.08puc.
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For the beginning language learner, communicative input is not based on linguistic codes alone. This study investigated two extralinguistic factors which are important for infants’ language development: the type of ongoing shared activity and non-verbal, deictic gestures. The natural interactions of 39 caregivers and their 12-month-old infants were recorded in two semi-natural contexts: a free play situation based on action and manipulation of objects, and a situation based on regard of objects, broadly analogous to an exhibit. Results show that the type of shared activity structures both caregivers’ language usage and caregivers’ and infants’ gesture usage. Further, there is a specific pattern with regard to how caregivers integrate speech with particular deictic gesture types. The findings demonstrate a pervasive influence of shared activities on human communication, even before language has emerged. The type of shared activity and caregivers’ systematic integration of specific forms of deictic gestures with language provide infants with a multimodal scaffold for a usage-based acquisition of language.
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Vasilyeva, Alena L. "Confrontation and collaboration in the course of the election debate." Language and Dialogue 6, no. 3 (November 28, 2016): 370–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ld.6.3.02vas.
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The study explores verbal conflict in an institutional context and examines how the election debate format and the moderators’ actions contribute to the emergence of confrontation between themselves and the debaters, what communicative practices the debaters use to resist an institutionally preferred form of interactivity, and how the moderators manage this situation. The findings show that conflict arises around face concerns and violations of the institutional order. The debaters make a number of moves to challenge the moderators and the debate format, such as addressing questions to the moderators, criticizing the moderators, disagreeing with them, refusing to respond to their questions, explicitly questioning the rules of the debate, and aligning with other candidates. The moderators manage conflict by giving the floor to another candidate, minimally acknowledging a candidate’s move, providing an account for their action, agreeing with a candidate, indicating a violation of institutional rules, and not responding to a candidate’s move.
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Μπερμπερίδου, Δέσποινα. "Γλωσσικά και γνωστικά ελλείμματα στο σύνδρομο Sotos: μια μελέτη περίπτωσης." Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 26, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.26247.
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Sotos syndrome is a genetic disorder of mental retardation characterized by specific facial characteristics, overgrowth in childhood, cognitive impairment and speech and language difficulties. In this paper, we report on a single case study of a female adolescent, TK, aged 15;9 diagnosed with Sotos syndrome. The main goal was to investigate her phonological short-term memory abilities as well as her visuospatial memory abilities and language abilities. We employed the following tests: (a) Raven’s Progressive Matrices and Vocabulary Scales (Greek edition) (Raven et al., 2003/2004), (b) Renfrew Word Finding Vocabulary Test – Greek edition (Vogindroukas et al., 2009), (c) Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test –Special Edition (Greek edition) (Simos et al., 2012), (d) Action Picture Test – Greek edition (Vogindroukas et al., 2011), and (e) Bezevegis et al.’s (2008) memory test. The most profound deficiencies were observed in expressive vocabulary and pragmatic/communicative skills, while difficulties were also found in verbal short-term memory. Deficiencies were also observed in verbal and non-verbal IQ in agreement with previous findings (Cole & Hughes, 1994. de Boer et al., 2004. Finegan et al., 1994). TK’s performance on visuospatial sketchpad was slightly better compared to the results obtained through the other tests. We discuss the clinical implications of our findings.
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Newgarden, Kristi, and Dongping Zheng. "Recurrent languaging activities in World of Warcraft: Skilled linguistic action meets the Common European Framework of Reference." ReCALL 28, no. 3 (July 29, 2016): 274–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344016000112.
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AbstractIn this study of affordances for second language (L2) learning in World of Warcraft (WoW) group play, we compared three gameplay episodes spanning a semester-long course. Applying multimodal analysis framed by ecological, dialogical and distributed (EDD) views (Zheng and Newgarden, forthcoming), we explored four English as a second language learners’ verbalizations and avatar actions. Players learned to take skilled linguistic action as they coordinated recurrent WoW gameplay activities (questing, planning next moves, traveling, learning a skill, etc.). Frequent activities matched Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) speaking proficiency descriptors, used widely in L2 teaching and learning (L2TL), providing evidence that players engaged in the types of communicative activities interaction-oriented classroom approaches develop. However, in the WoW context, interactions were not planned, but emerged as players dynamically directed the course of play. Furthermore, modalities of avatar-embodiment and conversing over Skype allowed players to flexibly integrate language and actions to co-act toward game goals, discuss non-game topics during play, or demonstrate comprehension with avatar actions alone, an affordance for less verbal players. This research builds on previous work (Zheng, Newgarden & Young, 2012) relating WoW’s multiplayer activities and L2 learners’ skilled linguistic actions. We refer to Chemero’s (2009) model of the animal-environment system to explain how L2 learners develop abilities to take skilled linguistic action by acting on affordances in WoW. The EDD framework presented may enable other researchers to account for more of the complexities involved in L2 learning in multimodal, multiplayer virtual environments.
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Diachuk, Olena. "Linguosemiotic Dimension of U.S. Public Service Advertising Discourse." PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, no. 38 (2020): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2020.38.05.
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The article is devoted to the study of verbal and nonverbal signs which form the linguosemiotic dimension of the public servise advertising discourse that contributes to the correct perception of the message by the target audience and enhances remembering. The communicative effectiveness of the public servise advertising discourse depends on the choice of verbal and nonverbal components and their interaction. Various means of artistic expression actively use in the public servise advertising discourse for the achievement the maximum effect of the message. Most of all, the meaning of the advertising message is expressed by combination of verbal and nonverbal signs. Visual and audio components of the public servise advertising discourse, which are used in close connection with verbal components, contribute the effectiveness of the advertising message. They regularly perform such functions as: informative, expressive and the influence. However, the verbal text allows to "choose the right level of perception and understanding of information." It is believed that the public servise advertising discourse, which is accompanied by images, music or other sound design, has better effect on the recipient. The advertising message can be considered as a socially and aesthetically significant discourse with its integrity, interconnectedness of its elements and formal-substantive unity. The public servise advertising discourse appeals to the humanistic values of people, attracts attention and arouses interest, sometimes by non-aesthetic means, because its purpose to change society's attitude to the problem, to provoke the right reaction and to achieve the transformation of behavior. The public servise advertising discourse has a significant potential to change social standards and moral guidelines, so it can be refered to a small group of social institutions that affects society as a whole as a form of psychogenic action; the public servise advertising discourse plays an important role in the formation of certain psychological and behavioral stereotypes. If advertising in the general is able to meet new needs, in the same time the social advertising can influence the formation of more complex mental formations, such as: worldview, aesthetic tastes, social values, lifestyle, moral values. The linguosemiotic dimension of the public servise advertising discourse in the United States includes verbal and nonverbal components which are reasonably used to attract attention, the recipient's perception of advertising information, memorization, awareness of advertising. Each type of public servise advertising discourse requires the use of adequate verbal and nonverbal signs of communication as tools of axiological ideology of society and pragmatic influence.
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Diachuk, Olena. "Linguosemiotic Dimension of U.S. Public Service Advertising Discourse." PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, no. 38 (2020): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2020.38.05.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the study of verbal and nonverbal signs which form the linguosemiotic dimension of the public servise advertising discourse that contributes to the correct perception of the message by the target audience and enhances remembering. The communicative effectiveness of the public servise advertising discourse depends on the choice of verbal and nonverbal components and their interaction. Various means of artistic expression actively use in the public servise advertising discourse for the achievement the maximum effect of the message. Most of all, the meaning of the advertising message is expressed by combination of verbal and nonverbal signs. Visual and audio components of the public servise advertising discourse, which are used in close connection with verbal components, contribute the effectiveness of the advertising message. They regularly perform such functions as: informative, expressive and the influence. However, the verbal text allows to "choose the right level of perception and understanding of information." It is believed that the public servise advertising discourse, which is accompanied by images, music or other sound design, has better effect on the recipient. The advertising message can be considered as a socially and aesthetically significant discourse with its integrity, interconnectedness of its elements and formal-substantive unity. The public servise advertising discourse appeals to the humanistic values of people, attracts attention and arouses interest, sometimes by non-aesthetic means, because its purpose to change society's attitude to the problem, to provoke the right reaction and to achieve the transformation of behavior. The public servise advertising discourse has a significant potential to change social standards and moral guidelines, so it can be refered to a small group of social institutions that affects society as a whole as a form of psychogenic action; the public servise advertising discourse plays an important role in the formation of certain psychological and behavioral stereotypes. If advertising in the general is able to meet new needs, in the same time the social advertising can influence the formation of more complex mental formations, such as: worldview, aesthetic tastes, social values, lifestyle, moral values. The linguosemiotic dimension of the public servise advertising discourse in the United States includes verbal and nonverbal components which are reasonably used to attract attention, the recipient's perception of advertising information, memorization, awareness of advertising. Each type of public servise advertising discourse requires the use of adequate verbal and nonverbal signs of communication as tools of axiological ideology of society and pragmatic influence.
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Petrova, Marina. "The Tactics of Verbal Countermanipulation in Russian Political Video Blogs." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 625–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(3).625-639.
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The author of the article states that in spite of the fact that manipulation has been broadly studied in various areas of science, such as psychology, sociology, politology, linguistics, etc., countermanipulation (the response action to manipulation) has been analysed mainly by psychologists. This phenomenon has not been studied in linguistics yet. The author of the article gives a linguotypological description of the verbal countermanipulation tactics as exemplified in political video blogs reviewing the events with the participation of A. Navalny. A special two-stage algorithm which included a communicative pragmatic analysis was used for revealing countermanipulative intention in political video blogs. The first stage included attentive viewing of the videos and their analysis to determine manipulation upon certain criteria (a hidden aim, use of non-cooperative strategies and tactics and special verbal manipulative techniques). The second stage consisted of analysing the response utterances to define countermanipulative intention (neutralising manipulation), identification of countermanipulative tactics, their definition and classification. As a result of the conducted research, the author of the article has distinguished two groups of countermanipulative tactics: overt opposition tactics and covert opposition tactics. The group of overt opposition tactics includes the tactic of manipulative intention revealing, the tactic of making a question about manipulator’s intentions, the tactic of manipulation technique revealing, the tactic of counterargumentation and the tactic of refusing to change one’s behaviour towards manipulator’s intentions. The covert opposition tactics are the tactic of clarification questions and the tactic of repeating the manipulator’s words. The author points out the importance of further study of verbal countermanipulation from the perspective of solving the problems of the personal and social information security.
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Reddy, Vasudevi. "Getting back to the rough ground: deception and ‘social living’." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1480 (February 19, 2007): 621–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1999.
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At the heart of the social intelligence hypothesis is the central role of ‘social living’. But living is messy and psychologists generally seek to avoid this mess in the interests of getting clean data and cleaner logical explanations. The study of deception as intelligent action is a good example of the dangers of such avoidance. We still do not have a full picture of the development of deceptive actions in human infants and toddlers or an explanation of why it emerges. This paper applies Byrne & Whiten's functional taxonomy of tactical deception to the social behaviour of human infants and toddlers using data from three previous studies. The data include a variety of acts, such as teasing, pretending, distracting and concealing, which are not typically considered in relation to human deception. This functional analysis shows the onset of non-verbal deceptive acts to be surprisingly early. Infants and toddlers seem to be able to communicate false information (about themselves, about shared meanings and about events) as early as true information. It is argued that the development of deception must be a fundamentally social and communicative process and that if we are to understand why deception emerges at all, the scientist needs to get ‘back to the rough ground’ as Wittgenstein called it and explore the messy social lives in which it develops.
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Malinowski, Artur. "Ярмарок – торг – обмін як фрейм просторового пограниччя (М. Гоголь – Г. Квітка-Основ’яненко)." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 51, no. 2 (August 16, 2021): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.600.
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A fair – a successful demonstration form of the translation of social experience, tradition, customary rules in the form of collective action. This is an all-public action with the representation of the symbolic series of culture, era, and society.Given the honourable place of the fair in the works of M. Gogol, V. Narizhniy, M. Pogodin, G. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, E. Grebinki, V. Sollogub, etc., it seems expedient to emphasize the modernity of its nature, a radical change in relations between the subject and the object, or between the subject and the predicate, that is, the statement about this subject, its semantic definition. In other words, denotation gives way to a more virtual, fictitious relationship between the participants (subjects) of the fair and its objects.The gallery of fairs is opened with an embodiment of a two-vector-oriented culture by M. Gogol. In his “Sorochinsky Fair” (1831), he allegedly programmed the further reception of this image, and his primacy, the authority of all recognized.
Indeed, Gogol creates the fair primarily not in the plane of the narrative, but as a field for experiment, a space of various communicative discourses of pragmatic orientation. Therefore, a literary, verbal-mimetic expression serves here as a powerful tool for constructing a spectacular dramatic action with many acts, scenes and microscales, genre pictures and anecdotal inserts. The effect of suggestive suggestion, literally the modelling of juicy images, facilitates a meeting of human life with the world through experience, communication, knowledge and the discovery of unfamiliar spheres.
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Oleksandrivna Kravchenko, Nina, and Kateryna Andriivna Bondarenko. "Lingual Means of Imperative in the Lecture and Sermon Discourses." Arab World English Journal, no. 3 (November 15, 2020): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/elt3.15.
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The research aims to reveal the peculiarities of the linguistic means of imperative utterances which function in the lecture and sermon discourses. They encourage students/parishioners to engage in the learning process fully. The following tasks were formulated: to categorize imperative utterances in the view of characteristic features of the mentioned discourses; to characterize the lexical-syntactic peculiarities of each type of imperative phrases. The object of the research is an oral English-language institutional discourse of two kinds – academic (lecture) and religious (sermon). The subject of the study is the lexical and syntactic arrangement of imperative utterances in the lecture and sermon discourses. To achieve the aim, both general scientific and unique linguistic research methods found application. Conclusions of the study are as follows: the functioning of imperative utterances in the sermon and lecture discourse is determined by such linguistic and extralinguistic factors as the expressiveness/implicitness of the imperative constructions, the syntactic structure of the imperative constructions, the communicative-pragmatic orientation, and the targeted nature of the order/ localization of the imperative construction in the compositional text structure. In our work, direct and indirect explicit constructions, aimed at an immediate action, are viewed as operational imperative statements. According to the communicative-pragmatic orientation and considering the temporal signs, we distinguish two main types of motivation: simultaneous and post-communicative. The communicative-pragmatic orientation criterion also makes it possible to single out constructions intended to induce physical/mental impact (in lectures) and spiritual/mental impact (in sermons). The prospect of further investigation is studying non-verbal features of lecture and sermon discourses.
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Katyshev, Pavel, and Natalya Bozhenkova. "Engagement Stance in the Illegitimate Discourse Practice." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 5 (January 2021): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2020.5.15.
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The paper deals with an interpersonal approach to the study of mediated political communication, that is aimed at the description of text impact capacity considered as tool of influence on group characteristic of an engaged object through the acceptance of the involving person's attitudes. The goal of the study was reached through rhetorical analysis, the methodology of critical discourse analysis and sociolinguistic theory of membership categorization. The concept of "engagement stance" is introduced and considered as metadiscourse characteristics of a communicative artefact reflecting the initiative of the subject (an initiator of engagement) whose purpose is to involve the audience to the ideology and practice of a terrorist organization. The study takes into account linguistic-parametric signs, significant for law enforcement practice, which make it possible to externalize the mindset to involve others in committing the crimes of an extremist (terrorist) orientation and to identify its verbal indicators. Rhetorical analysis of the engagement stance proves, that adaptation of the text type depends on the communicative intentions of the corporate author and shows text capacity for genre transformations caused by public circumstances, it is presented in the following characteristics: a) asymmetry as an interactional feature of the corporate subject and the object of an engagement action; b) perception of the corporate subject as an absolute truth holder, whose views acceptance is positioned as the only right decision for the object; c) the regulatory nature of the message aimed at receiving responses controlled by the sender (the corporate subject of an engagement).
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Yunyk, I. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STABILITY OF COMMUNICATORS IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARATION FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 1 (2019): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2019.41.68-72.
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The article considers the psychological stability of communicators as their personal property, which is included in the syndrome of the state of psychological readiness for communicative activity. Psychological stability is interpreted as non-inherited, but acquired property, which provides conditions not only for the rapid and qualitative creation of the generalized image of the imaginary model of reporting information to recipients, but also for its successful implementation during professional activities. This phenomenon is highlighted in two hypostases: the system of internal structure (process); external environment (result). From the point of view of the system-structural approach, this property of communicators is inherent in invariance, while from the standpoint of the effectiveness of the activity - the rate of renewal of the lost condition. The position concerning the role of psychological stability in determination of the negative influence of factors on the coordination of the reproduction of the necessary information by communicators under extreme conditions is substantiated. There are described psychological mechanisms of the influence of the phenomenon not only on maintenance of the unchanging corresponding state of communicators and on maintaining the coherence of verbal and non-verbal reproduction of information, but also on the implementation of resistance to internal or external obstacles. It is proved that psychological stability of communicators is subject to purposeful formation in the process of preparation for professional activity. Specific forms of its formation are: the preparation of communicators to leveling excessive action of any short-term or long-term stressors in the process of communicative activity; preparation of communicators to leveling out excessive influence of internal and external factors. It is revealed that the formed psychological stability of communicators gives them the opportunity to quickly find creative approaches to solving complicated tasks during the transfer of necessary information to recipients.Key words: communicators; recipients; psychological stability; stressors; formation; professional activity.
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Greenfield, Patricia M., and E. Sue Savage-Rumbaugh. "Comparing communicative competence in child and chimp: the pragmatics of repetition." Journal of Child Language 20, no. 1 (February 1993): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900009090.
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ABSTRACTThrough an analysis of chimpanzee–human discourse, we show that two Pan troglodytes chimpanzees and two Pan paniscus chimpanzees (bonobos) exposed to a humanly devised symbol system use partial or complete repetition of others' symbols, as children do: they do not produce rote imitations, but instead use repetition to fulfil a variety of pragmatic functions in discourse. These functions include agreement, request, promise, excitement, and selection from alternatives. In so doing, the chimpanzees demonstrate contingent turn-taking and the use of simple devices for lexical cohesion. In short, they demonstrate conversational competence. Because of the presence of this conversational competence in three sibling species, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans, it is concluded that the potential to express pragmatic functions through repetition was part of the evolutionary history of human language, present in our common ancestor before the phylogenetic divergence of hominids and chimpanzees. In the context of these similarities, two interesting differences appeared: (1) Human children sometimes used repetition to stimulate more talk in their conversational partner; the chimpanzees, in contrast, use repetition exclusively to forward the non-verbal action. This difference may illuminate a unique feature of human linguistic communication, or it may simply reflect a modality difference (visual symbols used by the chimpanzees, speech used by the children) in the symbol systems considered in this research. A second difference seems likely to reflect a true species difference: utterance length. The one- and two-symbol repetitions used by the chimpanzees to fulfil a variety of pragmatic functions were less than half the maximum length found in either the visual symbol combinations addressed to them by their adult human caregivers or the oral repetitions of two-year-old children. This species difference probably reflects the evolution of increased brain size and consequent increased memory capacity that has occurred since the phylogenetic divergence of hominids and chimpanzees four to seven million years ago.
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Klychniyazova, G. "WORKING WITH TEXT AS A FACTOR OF FORMING THE FUNCTIONAL LITERACY OF STUDENTS." BULLETIN Series of Pedagogical Sciences 72, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-4.1728-5496.25.
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The article discusses working with text as a factor in the formation of students' functional literacy. The results of PISA of Kazakhstani students are analyzed and the importance of increasing the role of text work in the formation of functional literacy is emphasized. In general, the definitions of the concepts "Literacy", "Functional literacy" are analyzed. It is argued that in the formation of functional literacy through working with text, priority should be given to the following several main types of literacy. This is, first of all, communicative literacy, which predicts the fluency of all types of speech activity; the ability to adequately understand the spoken and written speech of the interlocutor; oral and independent expression of ideas, secondly, information literacy - the ability to search for information in textbooks and reference books, obtain information from the Internet and CDs with educational content, as well as from various other sources, process and organize information and present it in different ways; practical literacy is a manifestation of organizational skills and abilities, in particular, goal setting and verbal formulation of action, planning and, if necessary, changing it, verbal confirmation of these changes, self-control, self-esteem and self-esteem. These activities include writing essays based on word processing, case studies, practice and project assignments. And also an experiment was carried out, as a result of which it was found that working with the text has a positive effect on the formation of the functional competence of students.
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Kochetova, L. A., and Yassien Sh S. Al-Bayati. "Lingvocultural Specifics of the Communicative Behaviour in Arabic English-language Business Discourse." Discourse 6, no. 6 (January 15, 2021): 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2020-6-6-126-136.
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Introduction. The paper studies specifics of the communicative behavior of native speakers of English and Arab speakers of English as a second language in business situations. The novelty of the study is implied by the fact that it establishes ethnocultural features of comissive speech acts in value-marked situations in the English-language business discourse. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the interest in speech acts functioning in lingvocultural perspective, which studies patterns of communicative behavior in cross-cultural situations and issues of verbal representation of speech acts in the speech of native and non-native speakers of English as they are employed in various genres and types of discourse.Methodology and sources. The study employs methods of corpus linguistics and discourse analysis interpretive method. The study is drawn on a corpus compiled of business letters written by employees of United Arab Emirates companies who speak English as a second language (LBLC). The corpus LBLC comprises 160 letters, 33 907 words. To identify cultural differences, Business Letter Corpus of 1 million words that contains letters written by British and American writers was chosen.Results and discussion. The results of cross-cultural comparison of commissive speech acts representation in value marked situations in the Learner Business Letter Corpus (LBLC) and Business Letter Corpus are presented. It has been concluded that both corpora under study display similarity as for functions of comissive speech acts in value-marked communicative situations whereas differences are revealed in the variation of lexical and grammatical choices that represent these speech acts and their pragmatics. In the BLC the situations when commissive speech acts correlate with apology the addresser commits themselves to obligation not to perform actions that are undesirable for the addressee or prevent the circumstances that might have negative consequences for the addressee. In the LBLC, following the communicative act of apology the addresser emphasizes the causes that have resulted in his failure to complete his obligations and promises to eliminate these causes. The texts in BLC employ explicit speech acts of guarantee that represent an obligation on condition that the addressee completes a certain action and emphasize the sincerity of the addresser. The texts in LBLC do not contain any instances of explicit speech acts of guarantee and the utterance is interpreted as a guarantee on the basis of declarations expressed in the letter.Conclusion. It is concluded that in cross-cultural value-marked situations speech acts implementation follows algorithms that are relevant in a given culture and display cultural specificity that can be studies by linguistic methods.
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Adler, Silvia. "Silent and semi-silent arguments in the graphic novel." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.23.3.01adl.
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This study focuses on the iconographic channel of the graphic novel as a particular occurrence of silence. In Comics, images provide not only the data required for the development of narration; they also render available the concrete circumstances of the enunciation and often orient the reader towards the identification of language in action, or towards the selection of a particular communicative intention, a process which coincides with Saville-Troike’s silences carrying illocutionary force and perlocutionary effect (1985), or with Kurzon’s silences – intentional signifiers alternating with an utterable signified. Through the analysis of concrete scenes taken from three graphic novels dealing with sociopolitical contexts of conflict – Satrapi’s Persepolis (2000), Folman and Polonsky’s Waltz with Bashir (2009) and Sacco’s Palestine (2007) – we identify two different sets of arguments: (1) semi-silent arguments resulting from the interplay between verbal and visual language & (2) silent arguments emerging within an entirely visual, extra-linguistic scene, where images alone regulate the quantity or the quality of information given at a certain point of narration with the aim of leading the addressee to a certain tacit conclusion.
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Polonnikov, Aleksandr Andreyevich, Natalya Dmitriyevna Korchalova, and Dmitriy Yuryevich Korol. "VISUALIZATION OF CULTURE: EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS." Education & Pedagogy Journal, no. 2(2) (December 23, 2021): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2782-2575-2021-2-18-35.
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The authors of the article focus on changes related to education. Education is considered as a communicative construct arising from the process of symbolic interaction between individuals who establish meanings when coordinating their statements. The communicative generation of situations and orders of knowledge is interpreted as educational semiosis. Analyzed is the discourse of modern humanities which are competing with each other in determining the current socio-cultural situation. Highlighted is the research tendency, asserting the point of changing the cultural morphogenesis by means of its visualization processes. Based on this, the hypothesis of a gap between culture and education is put forward. According to this hypothesis, cultural relations are increasingly mediated by figurative participation, while educational practices appeal to verbal and textual forms of the situational mediation. Within the relations between actors in education, this is reflected in the dominance of legitimate (metanarrative) samples, the transmission model of educational knowledge, the communicative preference for orderliness, the desire for unambiguity, the clarity and completeness of logocentric forms of thinking, and so on. The change of the mediation form in the organization of educational interaction and the transition from the verbocentric order to the ocular-centric one, is suggested as a step in the development of modern education. It must affect the way educational relations (educational communication) function, the way words (speech) and images (vision) are inter-related, the principles of students’ orientation in their attitudes to the sign-symbolic world, their partners in interaction, and to themselves. In the first case, the point is to organize educational communication based on the principles of paradoxicality, paralogicality, and disproportionality of statements and images of the situation. Here the most important educational objective is to make the participants of the educational interaction consider their differences in their interpretations of the world, their styles of utterance, and their discursive positioning. In the second case, the educational objective is the liberalization of vision, which emerges in the course of perceptual work emancipated from the primary procedures of interpretation and comprehension of the visible and relying on the action of the image as the context of the statement. The third case is about worldview constants, radical changes in the position of the educational subject, acquiring the experience of self-detachment in learning. In the final analysis, this provides an opportunity for differentiation and diversification of the worlds of human presence.
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Kurniawati, Wati. "Pemerolehan Bahasa pada Anak Hiperaktif yang Sulit Memusatkan Perhatian." Metalingua: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa 15, no. 2 (January 19, 2018): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/metalingua.v15i2.161.
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The writing aims at the language acquisition of hyperactive children in learningprocess in order to be more focused in doing activities, more confident, moreinteractive, and more communicative with other people normally. Drilling method isused in teaching hyperactive children of four year-old using visual media to give aconcrete illustration of a thing so that the children can grasp messages, informationand concept about the thing. Cognitive, affective, and psychomotor implementationis carried out onto the children to improve their language skill. Intervention plan isto establish behavioral change procedures, i.e. shaping, chaining, and maintainingbehavior. Action plan is focused on how to overcome the inattention problemin hyperactive children. The findings are (1) the children are able to focus on anactivity, (2) the children were confident and showed a positive relationship withothers, and (3) the children are able to communicate and start verbal and nonverbalinteraction with others. Within 6 months of therapy, the hyperactive children havealready demonstrate the abilities in those three areas. The hyperactive children havea large vocabulary and are able to integrate various vocabularies though have notyet reached normal standard abilities. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pemerolehan bahasa dalampembelajaran anak hiperaktif agar lebih fokus dalam kegiatan, percaya diri,dapat berinteraksi, dan berkomunikasi dengan orang lain secara normal. Metodepembelajaran yang digunakan dalam pengajaran anak hiperaktif pada usia empattahun adalah metode latihan keterampilan (dril) yang menggunakan media visualuntuk memberikan gambaran konkrit tentang sesuatu sehingga anak dapat menangkappesan, informasi, dan pengertian tentang sesuatu tersebut. Untuk meningkatkankemampuan bahasa dilakukan penerapan kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik padaanak. Rencana intervensi adalah menetapkan prosedur perubahan perilaku, yaitushaping, chaining, dan maintaining behavior. Rencana tindakan yang dibuat,difokuskan pada bagaimana mengatasi masalah inattention pada anak hiperaktif.Hasil temuan adalah (1) anak sudah fokus dalam kegiatan, (2) anak percaya diridan menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dengan orang lain, dan (3) anak dapatberkomunikasi dan berinteraksi verbal dan nonverbal dengan orang lain. Denganadanya terapi selama 6 bulan, kemampuan anak hiperaktif itu sudah memperlihatkankemampuannya dalam ketiga hal tersebut. Anak hiperaktif tersebut memilikikosakata yang banyak dan mampu mengintegrasikan berbagai kosakata dengan baikmeskipun belum mencapai kemampuan normal.
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Shumiatska, Oleksandra M. "CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESS IN APOLOGY SPEECH GENRE." Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 2, no. 22 (2021): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2021-2-22-19.
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The article investigates the linguo-pragmatic conditions of the speech genre of apology in modern German. The purpose of the research is a comprehensive analysis of the examined speech genre. The main task is to identify and describe the conditions for the success of apology in German linguistic culture. To achieve a certain goal and solve the tasks, a number of methods have been applied: logical-semantic – to identify formal, semantic and functional parameters of apology; descriptive method – to characterize the typical linguistic means of apology; comparative analysis – to compare apologies with related speech acts; pragma-semantic method – to identify communicative strategies and tactics of apology; transactional method – for the analysis of verbal and nonverbal behavior of participants of communication; intent-analysis – to identify an indirect apology; method of quantitative calculations – for the implementation of quantitative characteristics of the use of apologies in German; questionnaire method – to confirm ethno-specific signs of forgiveness in German linguistic culture. Since in the proposed study the speech genre (hereinafter SG) is considered a set of SA with a common illocutionary goal to apologize to the interlocutor for the negative act committed by the speaker, the basis for success of the SG of apology constitutes the parameters of successful implementation of SA of apology. However, we consider it expedient to pay additional attention to external factors of SG realization, semantics and syntax of linguistic means of expression of the studied SG, as well as the pragmatics of creation and perception of SG by communicators. In view of apology in terms of its success, we believe that the most important thing for its implementation is the condition of sincerity, which is directly related to such components as malefactive action, guilt, pity (repentance), request, positive reaction of the addressee. Having committed a malefactive action, the speaker realizes his guilt, feels sorry for what he did, and asks the interlocutor for apology. A positive reaction of the addressee is also a necessary condition for the success of apology, i.e. the addressee must accept the speaker’s apology, otherwise the SG will fail and the communicative goal (restoration of harmony in the relationship) will not be achieved. The condition of sincerity of the SG of apology may include the following components: 1) the speaker actually believes that he has committed or intends to commit a malefactive action in relation to his interlocutor; 2) the addressee actually admits his guilt; 3) the speaker feels psychological discomfort and sincerely regrets the damage caused; 4) the addressee apologizes to the listener for his misconduct; 5) the addressee accepts the apology of the speaker and forgives his guilt. Based on the results of the analysis, the following conditions for the success of the speech genre of apology are formulated: 1) fulfillment of the condition of sincerity; 2) knowledge of the rules of polite behavior in the relevant cultural environment; 3) the presence of general knowledge about the situation; 4) compliance with the principles of speech cooperation; 5) analysis and planning of one’s behavior and the behavior of the interlocutor. It was found that the success or failure of apology can be assessed by analyzing the perlocutionary effect, and violation of the conditions of success can lead to communicative failure, which manifests itself in a negative reaction of the addressee and hinders cooperative interpersonal communication.
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Kaczor-Scheitler, Katarzyna. "ealizacja funkcji perswazyjnej w „Palmie panieńskiej” benedyktyna Basilia Gradiego w przekładzie jezuity Szymona Wysockiego." Załącznik Kulturoznawczy, no. 5 (2018): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zk.2018.5.08.
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The material basis of the article is Palma panieńska albo rozprawa o stanie dziewiczym [Virginal Palm or a Treatise on the Virginal State] (Kalisz 1607) as translated by Szymon Wysocki, who faithfully rendered into Polish an Italian work Trattato della verginita et dello stato verginale (Rome 1584) by Basilio Gradi. The article demonstrates that the translation should be associated with the rhetorical culture of the society of the time and analysed as a persuasive text. The paper clarifies that the inventio layer of the work remains in a close connection with dispositio and elocutio. It offers an insight into diversified sources of arguments (references to the biblical tradition, patristic tradition and monastic legislation) as a form of persuasion (inventio), which are supposed to cause changes or reinforce beliefs in the public and motivate them to behave in a specific way. In the range of elocutio the verbal forms of affecting the public are presented, which impel them to take a clearly specified position (in terms of message) and to undertake a specific action. The reflection includes also the remarks about the significance of a communicative function based on appeal-like statements of a recommendatory, warning or admonitory nature.
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Mesquita, Rosa Maria. "Non-verbal communication: relevance in the practitioner’s action." Revista Paulista de Educação Física 11, no. 2 (December 20, 1997): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2594-5904.rpef.1997.138567.
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A comunicação humana é uma área de investigação e de estudos muito complexa, é tanto um fenômeno quanto uma função social e profissional. Ela é processada através de dois níveis: o verbal e o não verbal. A comunicação não-verbal é a forma não discursiva que pode ser transmitida através de três suportes: o corpo, os objetos associados ao corpo e os produtos da habilidade humana. Investigações científicas têm evidenciado que a importância das palavras, em uma interação entre pessoas é apenas indireta. Resultados de diversos estudos demonstram que as relações interpessoais são mais influenciadas por canais de comunicação não-verbais do que verbais. Isto é indicativo que o discurso não-verbal assume relevância nos processos de comunicação humana. Fica, então, evidente que em determinadas profissões os sinais nãoverbais são de capital importância, principalmente, para aqueles profissionais cuja ação está mais diretamente relacionada ao corpo e ao movimento, na medida em que contribuem de forma relevante para melhor percepção de outras pessoas os clientes
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Bal, Vera Yu, and Elizaveta E. Gutkevich. "Genre and Stylistic Features of the Modern Audiobook." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 25 (2021): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/25/9.
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Modern technological conditions make it possible to create, quickly replicate and use audio books conveniently. Audio books are one of the fastest growing segments of the global publishing market. Informative issues of creating audio books, not technological ones, are in the research focus of the article. The content of an audiobook is a voiced text that refers to the “auditory literature”. Assessments of the quality of the auditory literature are polar. On the one hand, it is considered secondary to the original literary text; on the other hand, it is a self-contained artistic phenomenon with its own aesthetic nature. In this article, an audiobook is considered precisely in the aspect of its artistic value, which is highlighted when speaking about the genre nature of the voiced text. The genre features of the voiced text in this study are identified taking into account the communicative features of its formal-stylistic features. The communicative nature of the audiobook genre is associated with two types of reading, which reflect the opposite positions of the two participants in communication. On the one hand, this is an expres-sive reading aloud, which can also be defined as staged reading. Genetically, this type of reading is associated with public performances of artists and initially assumed live reading. Further, this type of reading is transformed into the genre of radio plays, called “theater at the microphone”. In modern communicative practices of creating and repli-cating audio content, including one related to the actor’s readings of works of art, there is no binding to time and place. On the other hand, this is auditory reading, a modifica-tion of which is audio reading in modern technological conditions. If auditory reading is the first reading practice of a child mastering books from the voice of a parent, then audio reading is the choice of an adult who can read. The acoustic representation of a literary work is associated not only with the performance of elementary technical characteristics of sound, but also with the introduction of a certain aesthetic value into it. The creative translation of a literary text from verbal to acoustic should preserve its value in the aesthetic plane, without reducing it to a purely pragmatic one. Actualization of the aesthetic value of an audiobook outside of its paper format is associated with the principles of its directing and editorial preparation – the principles associated with the implementation of the stylistic characteristics of the genre form of an audiobook. Translation of a verbal literary text into an audio one is carried out as a result of comparing reading a book to dramatic action. In this case, the forming element of the genre becomes the sounding text itself. In the case of audio books, the reader’s voice as a performer’s instru-ment and the musical noise accompaniment of the text read is a style-forming genre element. The article traces the publishing strategies for the embodiment of the formal-stylistic features of the audiobook genre in the context of modern audio cultural practices.
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Pauletto, Franco, and Isabelle Ahlström. "Pautas atípicas. Las conversaciones en los materiales auditivos para la enseñanza de español L2 publicados en Suecia." EuroAmerican Journal of Applied Linguistics and Languages 9, no. 1 (April 10, 2022): 52–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21283/2376905x.15.1.264.
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ES Este estudio de caso utiliza el análisis de la conversación para examinar la interacción verbal en las conversaciones didácticas de tres manuales de español como lengua extranjera (de ahora en adelante ELE) empleados en la educación secundaria sueca. La observación de dichas conversaciones revela algunos patrones problemáticos en cuanto a la secuencialidad de las acciones, a la presencia sistemática de silencios entre turnos de palabra y, en general, a la falta de coordinación entre co-participantes. Otros fenómenos típicos de la interacción espontánea, como por ejemplo los solapamientos entre turnos de palabra, las reparaciones o las co-construcciones faltan por completo en los materiales analizados. En la perspectiva de una enseñanza de idiomas comunicativa y orientada a la acción, el artículo sostiene que en la preparación de este tipo de soportes didácticos habría que tener más en cuenta la estrecha relación existente entre lengua hablada y acción social. Palabras clave: ANÁLISIS DE LA CONVERSACIÓN, COMPRENSIÓN AUDITIVA, ELE, ENSEÑANZA DE ELE, SUECIA, INTERACCIÓN, SECUENCIALIDAD, ACCIÓN SOCIAL EN This case study adopts the theory and method of conversation analysis to examine recorded dialogues in three textbooks for Spanish as a Foreign Language used in Swedish secondary education. The analyses of these conversations reveal some problematic patterns regarding the sequence of actions, the systematic presence of gaps between turns at talk, and a frequent lack of coordination between co-participants. Other phenomena that are typical of spontaneous interactions, such as overlaps between turns, repair sequences or co-constructions, are completely missing in the analyzed materials. From the perspective of communicative and action-oriented language teaching, the article maintains that in the preparation of this type of pedagogical supports, the authors should consider the close relationship between spoken language and social action. Key words: CONVERSATION ANALYSIS, LISTENING COMPREHENSION, SPANISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE, SPANISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING, SWEDEN, INTERACTION, SEQUENTIALITY, SOCIAL ACTION IT Questo studio di caso si avvale dell’analisi della conversazione per esaminare le interazioni verbali nelle conversazioni didattiche di tre manuali di spagnolo come lingua straniera adottati presso le scuole secondarie svedesi. L’osservazione di queste conversazioni rivela alcune costanti problematiche relativamente alla sequenzialità delle azioni, alla presenza sistematica di silenzi tra i turni di parola e, in generale, alla mancanza di coordinamento tra i co-partecipanti. Inoltre, altri fenomeni tipici dell’interazione spontanea, come, per esempio, le sovrapposizioni dei turni, le riparazioni e le co-costruzioni mancano del tutto nei materiali analizzati. Nell’ottica di una glottodidattica comunicativa e orientata all’azione, questo studio sostiene che la stretta relazione esistente tra lingua orale e azione sociale dovrebbe essere tenuta in maggiore considerazione nella preparazione di questo tipo di materiali didattici. Parole chiave: ANALISI DELLA CONVERSAZIONE, COMPRENSIONE ORALE, SPAGNOLO COME LINGUA STRANIERA, INSEGNAMENTO DI SPAGNOLO COME LINGUA STRANIERA, SVEZIA, INTERAZIONE, SEQUENZIALITÀ, AZIONE SOCIALE
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Morozova, O. I., and O. S. Zeniakin. "DEGREES OF LATENCY OF ECOLOGICAL DISCOURSE AGENT (A CASE STUDY OF BRITISH ONLINE NEWSPAPERS)." Opera in linguistica ukrainiana, no. 28 (September 28, 2021): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2414-0627.2021.28.235560.
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This article proposes a study of degrees of latency of the agent, which is a semantic role performed by a participant of the communicative situation described in a sentence; this role correlates with the instigator of the action. The agent can be expressed explicitly, so that everybody understands who the action is performed by, or in a hidden, latent way. Drawing on Goatly’s (2018) research which demonstrates that degrees of agent’s latency can vary, we modify his scale of latency by taking into consideration non-verbal (visual) means. A great societal concern for environmental issues around the globe nowadays, together with the ecolinguistic vector of this research account for its timeliness. The purpose of this research is to identify the degrees of latency of the agent of environmental discourse. Syntactic constructions, lexical units, and visual images that render the agent were chosen as the object-matter of analysis, while the degrees of latency – as its subject-matter. The methods comprise general scientific methods, such as induction and deduction, synthesis and analysis, observation and contrast, as well as linguistic methods proper: critical discourse analysis, semantic analysis, and multimodal analysis. The sample is selected from online versions of most widely read British newspapers, both broadsheets and tabloids, The Guardian and Metro respectively. A modified scale of degrees of agent’s latency is suggested, where six categories of linguistic means are differentiated according to the degree of their latency. Explicit predication is characterized by a zero degree of latency; its measure increases in grammatical constructions, tropes, nominalizations, ellipsis, and indefinite agent respectively. The prospects of this research lie in comparison and quantitative counts of the agent’s latency in different types of British media.