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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ventilation of work buildings

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ventilation of work buildings'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ventilation of work buildings"

1

Oksanen, E. "Effect of Ventilation Type on Radon Concentration at Places of Work." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 56, no. 1-4 (December 1, 1994): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082423.

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Abstract Indoor radon (222Rn) concentrations were measured at 76 child care facilities and 36 schools in southern Finland. The buildings had three different types of ventilation systems: mechanical air supply and exhaust, mechanical exhaust, and natural ventilation, the first being most common. The effect of the ventilation type on the long-term radon concentration was studied in child care facilities. The radon concentrations were highest in the naturally ventilated buildings. The mechanical air supply and exhaust system maintained the lowest values in cold wintertime. In school buildings both the long-term radon concentration and short-term radon and daughter concentrations were measured. The correlation of the ventilation type and the radon concentration was not obvious in this group of measurements. But the radon concentrations and the equilibrium factors were highest in buildings with natural ventilation. Radon concentrations were generally lower during the working hours than during the one-month period, as expected.

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Cabovská, Blanka, Despoina Teli, Jan-Olof Dalenbäck, Sarka Langer, and Lars Ekberg. "A study on the relationship between energy performance and IEQ parameters in school buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124601006.

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Over the last decades, strong focus has been placed on the energy efficiency of buildings; not least school buildings. Energy performance (EP) of buildings is nowadays in principle described by one single indicator based on purchased energy in kWh/year.m2. Another important building performance aspect is the indoor environmental quality. This study’s overarching goal is to identify school buildings with a good balance between energy performance and indoor environment. Thus, this paper investigates possible correlations between information given in energy performance certificates (EPCs/e.g. energy use, year of construction, type of ventilation) and measured indoor environmental parameters. The work comprises investigation of approximately 20 school buildings with different ventilation systems in Gothenburg. In-situ investigations of the buildings’ properties and ventilation systems were conducted. Indoor environmental parameters were recorded during one week in each classroom. In this paper, indoor temperature, absolute humidity added indoors and CO2 concentration data are compared with the corresponding school’s energy performance data and ventilation type. Results suggest that mechanically ventilated buildings have clearer relationships between energy performance, building indicators and measured indoor environment. For buildings such as naturally ventilated, the relationships are usually weak, and the values spread over much wider ranges.

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Zhu, Xin Rong, Wei Liu, Liu Yang, and Jia Ping Liu. "Night Ventilation Research of Office Buildings Part 1: Sensitivity Analysis of Ventilation Parameters." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3002–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3002.

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Night ventilation has been proved to be an effective cooling method, especially in regions with a large temperature difference between day and night. The main work of this paper is to analyze the parameters associated with ventilation effects in office buildings with night ventilation in the city of Xi'an. For this purpose, field investigation about different kinds of office buildings has been carried out, based on which, a typical office building simulation model has been built. Three parameters, including temperature difference between day and night, thermal storage performance and air change rate are studied by the energy simulation software DeST and the optimum values have been proposed for each parameter. The conclusions can be useful in night ventilation design process.

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Zhu, Xin Rong, Liu Yang, and Jia Ping Liu. "Night Ventilation Research of Office Buildings Part 2: Cooling Potential of Continental Climate Zone in China." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1066–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1066.

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Night ventilation is one kind of passive cooling ways which is very effective in certain climate type. The main work of this paper is to determine the cooling potential of office buildings that use night ventilation in the city of Xi'an. Xi'an is located in the Continental Climate zone of China. For this purpose, a typical office building simulation model has been built for the numerical analysis. Cooling and energy-saving potential of night ventilation in office buildings is determined through the simulation in different ventilation and air-conditioning cases by the energy simulation software DeST.

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Kostuganov, Arman, Yuri Vytchikov, and Andrey Prilepskiy. "Self-contained ventilation system of civil buildings built into window structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819602007.

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The article describes development and application of self-contained ventilation systems in civil buildings. It suggests several models of air exchange within the building, compares these models and points out the variant of ventilating with self-contained mechanical systems with utilization of heat. The researchers conclude that structurally self-contained systems of mechanical ventilation with utilization of heat are most efficiently built into window constructions. This installation variant makes it possible to keep the interior, avoid building construction strengthening, shorten time and labor input of construction-assembling works, allow rational use of the vertical building envelopes area without extra space using. The paper key issue is the development of constructive solutions of self-contained ventilation systems main elements to ensure the possibility of their use in window structures. This research stage was developed with account of previous results of field tests and of such ventilation systems theoretical descriptions. The authors assess limit dimensions of the systems suitable for installment into window constructions of civil buildings in the view of modern Russian requirements to thermal protection. The research suggests a general constructive solution of such a ventilation system and a heat exchanger model which can be used as an air heat utilizer in these systems.

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Piotrowski, Jerzy, and Radosław Zaborek. "The program of renovation work on the example of the system building constructionW-70." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 3 (September 11, 2014): 041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1762.

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The article presents a program of renovation works for buildings realized in the system W-70. The scope of work necessary to comply is analyzed and described with the specification of alternative materials and technology solutions. The analysis covers the building safety, thermal insulation, air exchange and ventilation, installation, visual and utility comfort. Special attention is paid to the work of improving microclimate in the rooms.

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Zender-Świercz, Ewa. "Review of IAQ in Premises Equipped with Façade–Ventilation Systems." Atmosphere 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020220.

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Poor indoor air quality affects the health of the occupants of a given structure or building. It reduces the effectiveness of learning and work efficiency. Among many pollutants, PM 2.5 and 10 dusts are extremely important. They can be eliminated using mechanical ventilation equipped with filters. Façade ventilation devices are used as a way to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) in existing buildings. For their analysis, researchers used carbon dioxide as a tracer gas. They have shown that façade ventilation devices are an effective way to improve IAQ, but require further analysis due to the sensitivity of façade ventilation devices to the effects of wind and outdoor temperature. In addition, legal regulations in some countries require verification in order to enable the use of this type of solution as a way to improve IAQ in an era characterised by the effort to transform buildings into passive houses (standard for energy efficiency in a building).

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Morsli, Souad, Harry Ramenah, Mohammed El Ganaoui, and Rachid Bennacer. "Effect of aligned and misaligned ventilation opening affecting energy demand and air quality in buildings." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 83, no. 1 (July 2018): 10901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2018180119.

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This work focuses on a horizontally ventilated cavity filled with air, heated on one side wall and cooled on the floor surface. Therefore, this study has been carried out for a convective loop induced for a fixed Rayleigh number Ra = 106 and horizontal ventilation (moderate Reynolds number Re = 100) where the injection is either in cooperating or opposing to the convective loop. The study undertaken concerns different opening position in order to analyze the energy efficiency of such ventilation and the corresponding indoor air quality. The results obtained indicate that the natural convection and the forced flow (ventilation) play an important role in the flow structure and the mixing ability, the heat exchange (cooling need) and the temperature comfort. The optimum ventilating position is a compromise in order to minimize the cooling demand, keep the mixing ability and reduce the temperature heterogeneity.

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Morrow, Lisa A. "Sick Building Syndrome and Related Workplace Disorders." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 106, no. 6 (June 1992): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989210600606.

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It has been estimated that as many as 1.2 million commercial buildings have characteristics of sick building syndrome. That is, persons who work in these buildings describe a cluster of symptoms—irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and skin, respiratory ailments, headaches, dizziness, confusion, and unusual odor or taste sensations—that occur during occupation of the building but diminish when these persons leave these buildings. There have been a number of factors that have been implicated in the development of sick building syndrome. These include type of building ventilation, light intensity, tobacco smoke, wall-to-wall carpeting, crowding, work satisfaction, gender, and presence of volatile organic compounds. Sick building syndrome has many signs and symptoms of other workplace disorders (e.g., neurotoxic disorders, mass psychogenic illness), each of which manifest in rather imprecise psychological and somatic symptoms. There are, however, specific characteristics that distinguish these disorders. It is likely that the development and persistence of the sick building syndrome is not caused solely by building characteristics or simply a result of psychological variables. Rather, a synergistic relationship exists between building, environmental, and individual factors.

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Vashchyshak, I. R., and Ye R. Dotsenko. "DESIGN OF THE RECUPERATOR ON PULSATING HEAT PIPES FOR OBJECTS OF THE OIL AND GAS COMPLEX." Scientific Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, no. 2(45) (December 12, 2018): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9965-2018-2(45)-16-23.

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The urgency of work is due to the expediency of ventilation systems development for structures and buildings with highly reliable energy-efficient recuperators. The ventilation systems of buildings and designs of air recuperators were analyzed and it wass determined that the optimum variant for a ventilation system of a private house would be a recuperator on heat pipes. The disadvantages of wick heat pipes were presented. The structure and principle of pulsating heat pipes were considered. The recuperator operation principle of pulsating heat pipes was given. A coolant was selected for the recuperator capillary vessel. The heat exchanger characteristics were calculated for pulsating heat pipes. The house ventilation system with the recuperator on the pulsating heat pipes was designed.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ventilation of work buildings"

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Eftekhari, M. M. "Optimal operation of an air-conditioning plant." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234946.

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Vorderbruggen, Joan Marie. "Evaluating How Attributes of Operable Window Design Affect Office-workers' Perception of Personal Control." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10326.

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xvi, 117 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
Energy and environmental concerns warrant reconsideration of operable windows as a means of ventilating and cooling office environments. To design for optimal window use and performance, architects must understand human interaction with operable windows and the factors that influence occupant participation in their thermal environment. This thesis examines workers' personal control of operable windows in their office space through the lens of the following attributes: proximity, orientation, and accessibility to operable windows, office floor height, and the operational methods of windows. Three sites in the Minneapolis metro area were examined through site visits, informalinterviews, collection of physical traces, and a questionnaire. Research data reveal that proximity is the greatest determinant of window use. Other attributes have varying degrees of influence on use of windows. Surprisingly, workers valued operable windows significantly more for fresh air than for cooling.
Committee in Charge: Professor John Rowell, Chair; Professor Brook Muller; Professor G.Z. Brown

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Olausson, Jesper. "Energy efficiency in a renovated modern office with activity-based work style." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30113.

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During renovation Ljusåret 2 was converted to a modern office with an activity based work style (ABW) with a Demand Controlled Volume (DCV) ventilation system connected to a closed-loop duct. Cooling is provided through air handling units and active water based beams, the underfloor heating system was kept. Written instruction and specification have been studied for the two different control systems Schneider EcoStructure and Lindinspect. Both control systems have been analyzed according to time schedule, set-point and process value by using different functions in software. To be able to perform a energy audit and look at indoor climate for Ljusåret 2 there have been studies according to underfloor heating, constructions of ventilation system, diversity factor for DCV, closed-loop-ducts, heat losses from ducts, cooling demand and energy certification. According to this audit, energy performance is calculated to 89.1 kWh/m2 according to building energy, activity energy is not audited or calculated. During design phase, an energy calculation was made by an energy consultant with the result of 81.3 kWh/m2. The estimated performance is a 9.6 % increase. This building is designed for Miljöbyggnad certification of level silver and should be ≤ 109 kWh/m2,year. According to audit and calculation for energy performance this level is possible to keep. The estimated energy performance have been calculated with only 4 month of statistics from January until April 2019 because Ljusåret 2 have just been renovated. District heating has been estimated through the energy signature by data from energy meter. Electrical components for the building have been measured and energy usage calculated. Energy produced by compression chiller have been estimated with calculated performance from design phase and adding heat transfer between rooms and supply ducts. Energy between rooms and supply ducts were not included in energy calculation during the design phase. According to the control system for the DCV system there have been some issues with high temperature in supply ducts even when they are supplied with 15 ºC from air- handling unit. There have been measurement to the ventilation system 5701-5704 that is connected to a close-loop duct with a result of temperatures between 15.2 ºC up to 21.4 ºC and the velocity has varied between 0.05-2.1 m/s in different measurement spots. This is an increase of 6.4 ºC. A heat transfer calculation have been made in Paroc Calculus to estimate heat transfer between room and supply ducts. The results of this calculation indicates the same level of temperature increases as when the system was measured. With no thermal insulation cooling capacity is lost to half after less than 5 m with a velocity of 0.2 m/s, after 15 m with a velocity of 1 m/s and 30 m with a velocity of 2 m/s . This should be compared with supply duct with 20 mm of thermal insulation that has lost its cooling capacity after less than 13 m with a velocity of 0.2 m/s, after 63 m with a velocity of 1 m/s and is increase with 4 ºC after 100 m with a velocity of 2 m/s. Using closed-loop ducts with velocity below 2.0 m/s and without thermal insulation combined with under tempered supply air is not a good combination. Even short length with low velocity and lack of thermal insulation is devastating because of heat transfer according to logarithmical temperature difference between room and supply ducts. A closed-loop duct is often designed as a pressure chamber and recommended when using DCV and/or VAV ventilation to avoid problems with noise and to be able to reduce the need of dampers. Problems with temperature increasing according to velocity in ducts must be taken in consideration. For Ljusåret 2 this will affect district heating usage where ducts are placed because underfloor heating must compensate heat transfer. Chilled water must be provided an extra time for rooms with both DCV and chilled beams and rooms with only DCV is less comfortable which they could been with a correct installation.

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Syrios, Konstantinos. "Natural ventilation of buildings in urban canyons." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420637.

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Demmers, T. G. M. "Ventilation of livestock buildings and ammonia emissions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339674.

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Coomaraswamy, Imran Ajay. "Natural ventilation of buildings : time-dependent phenomena." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609863.

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Leung, Hugh, and 梁修賢. "Analysis of natural and hybrid ventilation in simple buildings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26663107.

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Adamu, Zulfikar A. "The feasibility of natural ventilation in healthcare buildings." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12600.

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Wards occupy significant proportions of hospital floor areas and due to their constant use, represent a worthwhile focus of study. Single-bed wards are specifically of interest owing to the isolation aspect they bring to infection control, including airborne pathogens, but threats posed by airborne pandemics and family-involvement in hospital care means cross-infection is still a potential problem. In its natural mode, ventilation driven by combined wind and buoyancy forces can lead to energy savings and achieve thermal comfort and high air change rates through secure openings. These are advantageous for controlling indoor airborne pathogens and external air and noise pollution. However, there is lack of detailed evidence and guidance is needed to gain optimum performance from available natural ventilation systems. This research is a proof of concept investigation into the feasibility and impact of natural ventilation systems targeting airflow rates, thermal comfort, heating energy and control of pathogenic bio-aerosols in hospital wards. In particular, it provides insights into the optimal areas of vent openings which could satisfy the complex three-pronged criteria of contaminant dilution, low heating energy and acceptable thermal comfort for occupants in a naturally ventilated single bed ward. The main aim of this thesis is the structured study of four systems categorised into three groups: Simple Natural Ventilation (SNV) in which single and dual-openings are used on the same external wall; Advanced Natural Ventilation (ANV) which is an emerging concept; and finally Natural Personalised Ventilation (NPV) which is an entirely new concept borne out of the limitations of previous systems and gaps in literature. The focus of this research is in the exploratory study of the weaknesses and potentials of the four systems, based on multi-criteria performances metrics within three architecturally distinct single-bed ward designs. In contributing to the body of existing knowledge, this thesis provides a better understanding of the performances of three existing systems while presenting the new NPV system. The analysis is based on dynamic thermal modelling and computational fluid dynamics and in the case of the NPV system, salt-bath experiments for validation and visualisation of transient flows. In all cases, wards were assumed to be free of mechanical ventilation systems that might influence the natural flow of air. The thesis meets three major objectives which have resulted in the following contributions to current knowledge: An understanding of the limitations and potentials of same-side openings, especially why and how dual-openings can be useful when retrofitted into existing wards. Detailed analysis of bulk airflow, thermal comfort, heating energy and room air distribution achievable from existing SNV and ANV systems, including insights to acceptable trickle ventilation rates, which will be particular useful in meeting minimum dilution and energy requirements in winter. This also includes qualitative predictions of the airflow pattern and direction obtainable from both systems. The innovation and study of a new natural ventilation system called Natural Personalised Ventilation (NPV) which provides fresh air directly over a patient s bed, creating a mixing regime in the space and evaluation of its comfort and energy performances. A low-energy solution for airborne infection control in clinical spaces is demonstrated by achieving buoyancy-driven mixing ventilation via the NPV system, and a derivative called ceiling-based natural ventilation (CBNV) is shown. A comparative analysis of four unique natural ventilation strategies including their performance rankings for airflow rates, thermal comfort, energy consumption and contaminant dilution or removal using an existing single-bed ward design as case study. Development of design and operational recommendations for future guidelines on utilising natural ventilation in single-bed wards either for refurbishment or for proposed designs. These contributions can be extended to other clinical and non-clinical spaces which are suitable to be naturally ventilated including treatment rooms, office spaces and waiting areas. The findings signify that natural ventilation is not only feasible for ward spaces but that there is opportunity for innovation in its application through further research. Future work could focus on related aspects like: impacts of fan-assisted ventilation for a hybrid flow regime; pre-heating of supply air; integration with passive heat recovery systems as well the use of full-scale experiments to fine-tune and validate findings.

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Ip, Kiun Chong Karine. "Natural ventilation in buildings : modeling, control and optimization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93829.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 192-195).
Natural ventilation in buildings has the potential to reduce the energy consumption usually associated with mechanical cooling while maintaining thermal comfort and air quality. It is important to know how building parameters, in particular its thermal mass properties and heat loads incurred, affect a building's transient thermal response to incoming outdoor air. A proper ventilation schedule is also needed to make optimal use of the free direct or night cooling. To investigate these factors, a first principles heat transfer energy model is developed to numerically simulate in MATLAB the air temperature profile of a single-zone cross-ventilated room. The physics behind natural ventilation at building level is also investigated using multi-zone modeling, as done in CoolVent, an existing MIT airflow modeling tool. In the process, the simulation capabilities of MIT Design Advisor, an existing building energy simulation tool, are expanded upon from shoe-box to interconnected multi-zone modeling. Optimal natural ventilation scheduling, with a view to maximizing thermal comfort, is then studied using two optimization techniques: dynamic programming and global search optimization, using the simple room energy model as the simulation engine. In the process, an algorithm framework is developed to optimize the ventilation scheduling on a rolling day-horizon basis based on input weather data and occupancy schedule. The use of rule-based control, as opposed to the aforementioned model-optimized control, is also explored due to its ease of implementation in building automation software. The former form of control is found to maintain comparable thermal comfort when separate rules for specific scenarios, such as night-overcooling or day-overheating, are gathered together to constrain the room air temperature. It is however critical to identify and calculate proper set-points for these rules.
by Karine Ip Kiun Chong.
S.M.

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Marjanovic, Ljiljana. "Supervisory control of naturally ventilated buildings." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6889.

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In the present climate of energy conservation and CO2 emission consciousness, building heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are required to achieve thermal comfort and indoor air quality in the most energy efficient manner possible. To this end optimising the use of natural ventilation is considered an area which can significantly reduce both the occupants discomfort and the energy consumption. The ability to effectively control the indoor environment would considerably enhance the use of natural ventilation. The overall aim of this research is to develop, commission and evaluate a fuzzy rule-based controller which can vary the resistance of ventilation opening in order to maintain an acceptable comfort conditions in the occupied space. The design of the fuzzy control system starts by establishing certain quantization levels for the input/output variables along with corresponding membership functions. Aspects of input and output variable choice together with their linguistic labels are explained and presented. Control rules are defined based on the off-line thermal modelling, experimental results and through discussions with experts. A dynamic air flow distribution is investigated through a series of experiments for different environmental conditions and opening levels without any control action. Three rule-bases of different complexity are developed and presented. All solutions are simulated in an input-output space and their differences presented in more detail through examples of the Mamdani inference method application. Controller validation is initially carried out using simulation as this offers the possibility of testing controllers under extreme conditions regardless of test room physical limitations. Simulations are carefully designed to allow simultaneous comparison of different controllers' performances. Then on-line validation is carried out in the test room by measuring the air flow distribution with and without the controller in action. A naturally ventilated test room and its instrumentation is set up. A controller commissioning methodology is established, involving the choice of software and hardware platforms and data acquisition methodology.

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Books on the topic "Ventilation of work buildings"

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Burgess, William A. Ventilation for control of the work environment. New York: Wiley, 1989.

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Burgess, William A. Ventilation for control of the work environment. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1989.

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J, Ellenbecker Michael, and Treitman Robert D, eds. Ventilation for control of the work environment. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: J. Wiley & Sons, 2004.

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Ventilation of buildings. London: E & FN Spon, 1991.

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Ventilation of buildings. 2nd ed. London: Taylor & Francis, 2003.

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Ventilation of buildings. 2nd ed. London: Spon, 2003.

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Green schools: Environmental standards for schools : hearing before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session, October 1, 2002. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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Etheridge, David. Natural Ventilation of Buildings. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119951773.

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Institution, British Standards. Code of practice for ventilation principles and designing for natural ventilation. 2nd ed. London: B.S.I., 1991.

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Natural ventilation of buildings: Theory, measurement and design. Wiley: Hoboken, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ventilation of work buildings"

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Barre, H. J., L. L. Sammet, and G. L. Nelson. "Ventilation." In Environmental and Functional Engineering of Agricultural Buildings, 141–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1443-1_8.

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Nag, Pranab Kumar. "Ventilation in Office Buildings." In Design Science and Innovation, 341–67. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2577-9_12.

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Zheng, Xiaohong, Zhenni Shi, Zheqi Xuan, and Hua Qian. "Natural Ventilation." In Handbook of Energy Systems in Green Buildings, 1227–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49120-1_8.

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Zheng, Xiaohong, Zhenni Shi, Zheqi Xuan, and Hua Qian. "Natural Ventilation." In Handbook of Energy Systems in Green Buildings, 1–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49088-4_8-1.

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Tymkow, Paul, Savvas Tassou, Maria Kolokotroni, and Hussam Jouhara. "Energy-efficient ventilation." In Building Services Design for Energy-Efficient Buildings, 133–57. Second edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351261166-7.

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Medved, Sašo, Suzana Domjan, and Ciril Arkar. "Ventilation of nZEB." In Sustainable Technologies for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings, 289–326. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02822-0_11.

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Chen, Huijuan, and Caroline Markusson. "Demand Controlled Ventilation in Residential Buildings." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 111–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00662-4_10.

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Mumovic, Dejan, Oliver Wilton, and Sung-Min Hong. "Designing Natural Ventilation for Urban Buildings." In A Handbook of Sustainable Building Design and Engineering, 290–316. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2018]: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315172026-23.

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Baker, David J. "How the Lungs Work: Mechanics and Gas Exchange with the." In Artificial Ventilation, 43–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55408-8_3.

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Baker, David J. "How the Lungs Work: Mechanics and Gas Exchange with the Blood." In Artificial Ventilation, 41–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32501-9_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ventilation of work buildings"

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Sun, Zhiyou, and Hongwei Shen. "Ventilation Management for the AP1000 Containment Building During Construction Stage." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16864.

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Confined space can be defined as closed or semi-closed equipments, facilities and places which potentially have poor ventilation, poisonous and hazardous gases or poor oxygen. Confined space has complex working environment and more hazardous factors which makes safety accidents occurred frequently. Modularized Construction, as the typical feature of AP1000 nuclear project construction, shortens the construction schedule but increases safety risk, since there is more confined space and cross work, especially in the Containment building after the setting of CVTH. This thesis analyses the confined space construction feature of the containment building and emphasizes the necessity of ventilation and fume control. Some ventilation methods have been taken on site which has effectively reduced the construction risk inside containment buildings. Therefore, this thesis has practical value for the consequent AP1000 project construction.

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Deza, Mirka, Baskar Ganapathysubramanian, Shan He, and Ulrike Passe. "High Fidelity CFD Modeling of Natural Ventilation in a Solar House." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53491.

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Natural ventilation is an important factor in the design of sustainable buildings; it has the potential to improve air quality, while providing thermal comfort at reduced energy costs. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations provide comprehensive information on the internal flow pattern and can be used as a design tool. The present work offers insight of natural ventilation in a fully functional building, namely, the solar facility Interlock House in Iowa. Ventilation in the house is studied during summer months with some of its furniture included. The results show quantitative agreement between numerical simulations and experiments of vertical temperature profiles for each room. The temperature profile of the room with the inlet opening shows a more pronounced temperature variation. Flow patterns show higher velocities near the walls and marked flow circulation towards the opposite side of the building. The purpose of this work is to validate the numerical model that predicts airflow distribution for different configurations.

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Idris, A., B. P. Huynh, and Z. Abdullah. "The Simulation of Natural Ventilation of Buildings With Different Location of Windows/Openings." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51168.

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Ventilation is a process of changing air in an enclosed space. Air should continuously be withdrawn and replaced by fresh air from a clean external source to maintain internal good air quality, which may referred to air quality within and around the building structures. In natural ventilation the air flow is due through cracks in the building envelope or purposely installed openings. Its can save significant amount of fossil fuel based energy by reducing the needs for mechanical ventilation and air conditioning. Numerical predictions of air velocities and the flow patterns inside the building are determined. To achieve optimum efficiency of natural ventilation, the building design should start from the climatic conditions and orography of the construction to ensure the building permeability to the outside airflow to absorb heat from indoors to reduce temperatures. Effective ventilation in a building will affects the occupant health and productivity. In this work, computational simulation is performed on a real-sized box-room with dimensions 5 m × 5 m × 5 m. Single-sided ventilation is considered whereby openings are located only on the same wall. Two opening of the total area 4 m2 are differently arranged, resulting in 16 configurations to be investigated. A logarithmic wind profile upwind of the building is employed. A commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software package CFD-ACE of ESI group is used. A Reynolds Average Navier Stokes (RANS) turbulence model & LES turbulence model are used to predict the air’s flow rate and air flow pattern. The governing equations for large eddy motion were obtained by filtering the Navier-Stokes and continuity equations. The computational domain was constructed had a height of 4H, width of 9H and length of 13H (H=5m), sufficiently large to avoid disturbance of air flow around the building. From the overall results, the lowest and the highest ventilation rates were obtained with windward opening and leeward opening respectively. The location and arrangement of opening affects ventilation and air flow pattern.

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Jochum, Michael, Gokulakrishnan Murugesan, Kelly Kissock, and Kevin Hallinan. "Low Exergy Heating and Cooling in Residential Buildings." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54671.

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Exergy is destroyed when work is degraded by friction and turbulence and when heat is transferred through finite temperature differences. Typical HVAC systems use a combination of high quality energy from combustion and electricity to overcome relatively small temperature differences between the building and the environment. It is possible to achieve the heating/cooling necessary to maintain comfort in a building without these high quality energy sources and their high potential-energy destruction. A low-exergy heating and cooling system seeks to better match the quality of energy to the loads of the building and thus to minimize exergy destruction and increase the exergetic efficiency of the building’s heating and cooling system. The method described here for low exergy building system design begins by minimizing overall heating and cooling loads using a tight, highly-insulated envelope and passive solar design strategies. Next a low-exergy heating and cooling system is designed that uses hydronic radiant heating and cooling in floors, along with high thermal mass. The large surface area of the floors enable low fluid flow rates and relatively small temperature differences to achieve heat transfer rates that would traditionally be driven by high temperature differentials and flows. The building uses a solar wall to passively drive ventilation requirements and earth tubes to condition the ventilation air. High thermal mass in the floor reduces peak loads and eliminates the need for solar thermal storage tanks. Thus, this paper begins to explore the practical limits of low-exergy design.

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Greden, Lara V., Leon R. Glicksman, and Gabriel Lo´pez-Betanzos. "Reducing the Risk of Natural Ventilation With Flexible Design." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99150.

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Performance uncertainty is a barrier to implementation of innovative technologies. This research investigates the potential of flexible design — one that enables future change — to improve the economic performance of a naturally ventilated building. The flexible design of the naturally ventilated building enables future installation of a mechanical cooling system by including features such as space for pipes and chillers. The benefits of the flexible design are energy savings, delay of capital costs and capability of mitigating the risk of a failed building (by installing the mechanical cooling system). To evaluate the flexible design, building energy simulation is conducted over a multi-year time period with stochastic outdoor temperature variables. One result is a probability distribution of the time when the maximum allowable indoor temperature under natural ventilation is exceeded, which may be “never.” Probability distributions are also obtained for energy savings and cost savings as compared to a mechanically cooled building. Together, these results allow decision-makers to evaluate the long-term performance risks and opportunities afforded by a flexible implementation strategy for natural ventilation. It is shown that the likelihood of future installation of mechanical cooling is most sensitive to design parameters. The impact of increased climate variability depends on the local climate. The probability of installing the mechanical system also depends on the comfort criteria. The results show that capital costs for cooling equipment are much greater than the present value of 10 years of cooling energy costs. This result motivates consideration of flexible design as opposed to hybrid cooling designs (which have immediate installation of mechanical cooling). Future work will study the impact of uncertain energy prices on investment attractiveness of naturally ventilated buildings. Other applications of the framework presented herein include replacing the building energy model with a model of another climate-dependent system, such as solar photovoltaic arrays.

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Marion, Flore A., Elisabeth Aslanian, Sophie V. Durandeux, and David H. Archer. "A Hybrid Ventilation System in Carnegie Mellon’s Intelligent Workplace." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90380.

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An analytical and experimental study of hybrid ventilation is being carried out by Carnegie Mellon’s Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics in its Intelligent Workplace, the IW. Hybrid ventilation in this space will be carried out either operating a mechanical system, a SEMCO rev2250 desiccant wheel unit that distributes outside air conditioned, to a set temperature and humidity or alternatively opening windows when outdoor and indoor conditions are favorable, turning off the ventilation and the space cooling units. This hybrid ventilation approach will maintain a healthy, comfortable, and pleasant environment for the occupants of the IW and also will reduce the operating costs for the ventilation and cooling of the space. The key factor to the successful performance of a hybrid ventilation system is its operating procedures, the logical algorithms for opening and closing windows based on measurements of outdoor and indoor conditions: temperatures, humidity, wind velocity, rain, occupancy, etc. Algorithms have been proposed for operating the windows in the IW’s hybrid ventilation system. These algorithms have been programmed in a Trnsys model of IW with its windows and its mechanical ventilation and cooling units. This model has been exercised for an operating period including the spring, summer, and fall seasons in Pittsburgh to establish how much time the windows remain open and what savings in operating energy for the IW’s mechanical ventilation and cooling system are achieved. This modeling study evaluates the benefits of a hybrid ventilation system compared to a base case where mechanical ventilation is used. About 8% of the ventilation and cooling energy is saved. At this time a hybrid ventilation system, its hardware equipment and software controls, has been installed in the IW. Measurements are being made to establish that healthy, comfortable conditions are maintained in the IW and that model estimates of energy savings are confirmed. In future work, guides lines will be written to inform building professionals, architects and engineers, about hybrid ventilation and its benefits in the design of buildings across the United States.

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Khalil, Essam E. "Design of Energy Efficient Commercial Buildings in Developing Countries." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70284.

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Energy Performance of Buildings should include a general framework for the calculation of energy performance and building categories together with thermal characteristics of building, air conditioning, ventilation, lighting and appliances aspects considered. These include Active solar systems contribution to domestic water heating based on renewable energy sources, CPH production and District cooling systems. This paper reviews the energy sources available in Egypt, their distribution and utilization in commercial sectors. The paper demonstrates the importance of incorporating an energy performance directive as a Standard in our region such a goal will aid energy savings in large buildings and set regulations to energy efficient designs that are based on Standard calculation methods. The proposed Standard would be largely based on International Standards and appropriately modified to suit local practices. The target is to develop standardized tools for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings, with defined system boundaries for the different building categories and different cooling/heating systems. The present work is to provide transparent information regarding output data (reference values, benchmarks, etc.) and to define comparable energy related key values (kWh/m2, kWh per person, kWh per apartment, kWh per produced unit etc.). Proposals to develop a common procedure for an “energy performance certificate” and CO2 emissions are given.

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Fořt, Jan, Magdaléna Doleželová, and Robert Černý. "Moisture Buffering Potential of Plasters for Energy Efficiency in Modern Buildings." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.254.

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Moisture level significantly affects durability of constructions, their thermal performance and quality of indoor air. Since building envelopes are subjected to a moisture gradient, additional ventilation systems are employed to maintain relative humidity on the desired level. Although modern advanced ventilation systems provide sufficient air exchange rate, their wider application is in conflict with sustainability development principles due to high energy demands. Moreover, according to the European legislation related to the Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (European Directives 2002/91/EC and 2010/31/EU), air tightness of building envelopes in order to provide high thermal resistance leads to large moisture loads in building interiors. Among other factors, a high level of relative humidity has negative effect on the work efficiency and health of building inhabitants. A detailed insight into building materials behavior during cyclic moisture loading was accessed within this study. The moisture buffering values of three interior plasters were investigated in order to describe influence of plasters on moderation of indoor environment. Particular materials were loaded according to the NORDTEST protocol by 8/16 h loading schema at 70/30% RH. Here, the excellent moisture buffer classification was obtained for lightweight perlite plaster (PT) with the highest total open porosity. However, contrary to the higher total open porosity of renovation plaster (PS), the core plaster (CP) achieved higher moisture buffer capacity than PS. This discrepancy refers to the influence of the pore size distribution which is, besides the total open porosity, essential for a detailed characterization of moisture buffering potential of building materials. Based on the results of Mercury intrusion porosimetry, a correlation between pore size distribution and moisture buffer value was revealed.

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Niktash, A. R., and B. P. Huynh. "Numerical Study of Ventilation Flow Through a Two Dimensional Room Fitted With a Windcatcher." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63191.

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A windcatcher is a natural ventilation device fitted on the roof of a building and divided internally into two halves to deliver fresh outside air into the building’s interior, and induce the stale air to the outside, working by pressure difference between outside and inside of the building. In this work, air flow through a two-dimensional but real-sized room fitted with a windcatcher is investigated numerically, using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package. The standard K-ε turbulence model is used. Flow pattern and flow velocity are considered in terms of the windcatcher’s location, inlet velocity, the shape of the windcatcher’s bottom and the length of the windcatcher’s bottom. It is found that when inlet velocity is not too low, the windcatcher’s shape at its bottom strongly affects flow pattern and flow velocity in the room. This leads to a way of improving the windcatcher’s effectiveness in ventilating the living area (lower part) of a room.

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Khalil, Dalia E., Ahmed A. Medhat, and Essam E. Khalil. "Energy Modelling of Modern Residence in Egypt." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85714.

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The present paper aims to develop/investigate an innovative approach for affordable houses for the medium income families, forming the major category of the Egyptian society using Design-Builder simulation and emphasizing the mechanical HVAC systems and their impact on energy consumption. Design-Builder ( a simulation user-friendly interface) for Energy-Plus (an energy simulation engine for energy modeling in buildings, heating, cooling, lighting, ventilating and other energy flows) is utilized to create a “virtual environment” in which the HVAC system effect is studied. Extensive field surveys are made to collect data regarding occupancy behavior, light and equipment schedules and other mechanical systems usage in such application. The majority of surveys indicated that split system (heat pumps) + mechanical ventilation (exhaust fan for bathroom and kitchen) are most common in the Egyptian society. The subject facility is located in Cairo, Egypt. The layout of this building/house has been developed by research architects in the Housing & Building National Research Centre HRBC taking into their consideration the medium income citizens, [1] needs and limited budget, the energy efficiency concepts as well as the previous work carried in the field of sustainable architecture. The individual buildings are formed of three floors containing twelve 100 m2 apartments. Each apartment consists of three bedrooms, a bathroom, a kitchen and a lounge.

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Reports on the topic "Ventilation of work buildings"

1

Persily, Andrew K. Ventilation effectiveness in mechanically ventilated office buildings. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.85-3208.

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Diamond, R. C., H. E. Feustel, and D. J. Dickerhoff. Ventilation and infiltration in high-rise apartment buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/221055.

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Maxwell, S., D. Berger, and M. Zuluaga. Evaluation of Ventilation Strategies in New Construction Multifamily Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1148619.

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Fisk, William J., Douglas P. Sullivan, David Faulkner, and Ekaterina Eliseeva. CO2 MONITORING FOR DEMAND CONTROLLED VENTILATION IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/983161.

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Maxwell, S., D. Berger, and M. Zuluaga. Evaluation of Ventilation Strategies in New Construction Multifamily Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1221045.

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Persily, Andrew, Amy Musser, Steven Emmerich, and Michael Taylor. Simulations of indoor air quality and ventilation impacts of demand controlled ventilation in commercial and institutional buildings. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7042.

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Parthasarathy, Srinandini, Thomas E. McKone, and Michael G. Apte. Ventilation Relevant Contaminants of Concern in Commercial Buildings Screening Process and Results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1172122.

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Barley, C. D., and K. Gawlik. Buoyancy-Driven Ventilation of Hydrogen from Buildings: Laboratory Test and Model Validation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/956886.

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Hendron, B. Introduction to Buildings Systems Performance: Houses That Work II. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217950.

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Andersen, J. A. Engineering work plan and design basis for 241-SY ventilation improvements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/362459.

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