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Academic literature on the topic 'Ventilation – Design and construction'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ventilation – Design and construction"

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Galbraith, G. H., R. C. McLean, and S. V. Emsfie. "Estimation of design ventilation rates for buildings." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 15, no. 4 (November 1994): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014362449401500402.

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Vartanov, Alexander, Irina Markova, and Anatoly Fedash. "On the optimization of the construction of ventilation systems during the construction of metro by underground method." MATEC Web of Conferences 265 (2019): 05028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926505028.

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The article discusses optimal versions for placement of ventilation systems for deep-laid underground lines, performed in a closed way, with the removal of the ventilation chamber from the ventilation output and placing it either in the ventilation shaft or in a specially constructed ventilation chamber located near the trunk, which significantly simplifies the design of excavation, and as a result, speed up its construction. To reduce the construction time, it is proposed to perform parallel work on the vent development and the ventilation chamber, including the possible installation of process equipment in parallel with the mining operations during the construction of the metro by the underground method.
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Mao, Jin Feng, Yu Liang Huang, Jun Zhou, and Zhe Li Xing. "Energy-Saving and Economic Study of Natural Ventilation in City Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.92.

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City highway tunnel ventilation design is one of the key processes in whole tunnel design. The ventilation design has important influence in ventilation sanitation effect, equipment investment, operations energy consumption and operations cost. On the premise of safety and sanitation, if city tunnel adopts natural ventilation, this can reduce energy consumption, construction cost and operations cost. Combining practical conditions of a project, this paper evaluated three kinds of mechanical ventilation, and analyzed contrastively economic efficiency of the natural ventilation and the jet longitudinal ventilation. At last drew the conclusion that the natural ventilation can reduce the total investment by 30% and has obvious energy-saving efficiency, then put forward the pertinent suggestions to the ventilation construction of highway tunnel.
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Harvie-Clark, Jack, Anthony Chilton, Nick Conlan, and David Trew. "Assessing noise with provisions for ventilation and overheating in dwellings." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 40, no. 3 (January 29, 2019): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418824232.

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In the design of residential developments, it has been common practice for façade sound insulation (to protect against outdoor noise) to be considered separately from the provisions for ventilation and for mitigating overheating. This fragmented approach has led to different designers making different, incompatible assumptions about the internal environmental quality conditions: the acoustic designer assumes that windows are closed to control external noise ingress, while the mechanical designer assumes that windows are open for ventilation or mitigating overheating. This leaves occupants with a choice between reasonable noise levels or thermal comfort, but not both. This problem is exacerbated by increased overheating risk in modern buildings and future climate scenarios. In response to this issue, the Association of Noise Consultants has produced the draft Acoustics Ventilation and Overheating Residential Design Guide – the ‘AVO Guide’. The AVO guide recommends an approach to acoustic assessment that takes regard of the interdependence of provisions for external noise ingress, ventilation and overheating. This paper describes the context, background and content of the AVO Guide. There are references to passive attenuated options for ventilative cooling to help designers avoid simply specifying mechanical cooling. Practical application: This paper is entirely focused on the practical application of the guidance in the Association of Noise Consultants’ Acoustics, Ventilation and Overheating Residential Design Guide. It describes the current practical problem that designers face, and the mistakes that are the common practice across the industry, of failing to integrate the design for noise with the ventilation strategy and provisions for overheating. It outlines how this can be achieved to enable better internal environmental quality conditions for occupants, supported by the current English Planning regime and professional good practice guidance available.
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Zhengbo, Dong, Cai Shuang, Hu Juyi, and Cheng Liang. "Study on ventilation scheme and application during construction of high altitude gas tunnel." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 03052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124803052.

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It is the key and difficult point to ensure the safety of tunnel construction by ventilation in high gas tunnel construction in high altitude and cold area. Taking ning-chan high gas tunnel as the research object, the ventilation of the tunnel is calculated, the ventilation parameters are optimized, the ventilation equipment is selected according to the calculation results, the location of the ventilation equipment is optimized, and the reasonable construction ventilation scheme is determined. The results show that through the design of the above ventilation scheme and the control of the site, it can not only ensure the ventilation demand of the super long and high gas tunnel construction in the high cold and high altitude area, but also ensure the tunnel construction in winter, and effectively save the construction ventilation cost.
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Aldawoud, Abdelsalam. "Windows design for maximum cross-ventilation in buildings." Advances in Building Energy Research 11, no. 1 (February 2, 2016): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2016.1138140.

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Khan, Mohammed Rajik, and Atul Sonawane. "Prediction of impact response in construction safety helmet using FEA." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 18, no. 3 (October 12, 2019): 557–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-05-2019-0120.

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Purpose This paper aims to present 3D finite element (FE) simulations of impact loading on a construction safety helmet over a headform to improve the ventilation slots profile in helmet design. Design/methodology/approach Impact response on headforms in three different studies considering ventilation slots of varied profiles and dimensions in helmets with rectangular elliptical and circular slots is compared and analysed. Head injury criteria (HIC) and safety regulations from past literature have been considered to evaluate the impact responses. Findings Simulation results show that a helmet with rectangular ventilation slots achieves a lowest peak impact force of 5941.3 N for a slot area of 170 mm2 as compared to elliptical and circular slots. Research limitations/implications Ventilation slots of simple geometry (rectangular, elliptical and circular) have been considered in this work. Other/complex geometry slots can also be chosen to predict its effect during impact response on a helmet–headform model. Biofidelic head–neck FE model can be developed to achieve precise results. Practical implications The presented work gives a clear idea to design engineers for the selection of ventilation slot profiles to design a construction safety helmet. Social implications Construction safety (CS) helmets are used to reduce injuries on heads of workers at construction sites in the event of free-falling objects. Rectangular ventilation slots in CS helmets as suggested in the work may reduce the risk of injury. Originality/value Results are found in good agreement with the past numerical simulation of impact response on a construction safety helmet over a validated biofidelic head FE model.
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Crawley, Jenny, Jez Wingfield, and Cliff Elwell. "The relationship between airtightness and ventilation in new UK dwellings." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 40, no. 3 (December 22, 2018): 274–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418822199.

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The UK’s Air Tightness Testing and Measurement Association competent persons scheme collects pressure test data and metadata from the majority of new build dwellings in the UK. This article uses the dataset to investigate the importance of the ventilation strategy in airtightness design and construction. Design and measured airtightness were tested for association with declared ventilation strategy. It was found that ventilation strategy makes a statistically significant difference to airtightness; however, this difference is too small to be practically relevant. Properties with mechanical ventilation and heat recovery (MVHR) were shown to have a mean designed air permeability only 0.46 m3/m2h lower than naturally ventilated dwellings. Seventy-three per cent of homes with MVHR have design airtightness greater than or equal to 5 m3/m2h and 17% of naturally ventilated dwellings have design airtightness less than 5 m3/m2h. We discuss how current design is not maximising the CO2, cost and air quality benefit of each ventilation strategy. A new approach to regulatory compliance is proposed, which explicitly links the designed airtightness and chosen ventilation system. It is suggested that compliance could then be achieved using a set of airtightness ranges linked to appropriate ventilation strategies. This could be expected to result in reduced energy consumption and carbon emissions for new build homes compared to the current approach and would also potentially lead to better outcomes for occupants in terms of indoor air quality. Practical application: Analysis of a large database of the airtightness of new UK dwellings found that ventilation strategy makes very little difference to airtightness design. For dwellings with MVHR, the results suggest that infiltration levels are too high to maximise the energy savings; for naturally ventilated homes, there may be air quality issues. Coupling airtightness design and ventilation strategy can reduce a dwelling’s energy demand and can support achieving the required energy performance rating.
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Xin, Tong Sheng, and Jian Jun Liu. "Application of Stack Ventilation in Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 5103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.5103.

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Stack ventilation represents a natural ventilation solution commonly employed in construction engineering. The paper discusses with abundant examples the working theory, conditions, methodology and architectural design of stack ventilation.
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Simons, M. W., and J. R. Waters. "Local ventilation effectiveness parameters in air distribution system design." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 19, no. 3 (August 1998): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014362449801900304.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ventilation – Design and construction"

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Kinsman, Roger Gordon. "Outlet discharge coefficients of ventilation ducts." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59271.

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Discharge coefficients are an important parameter in the prediction of the air displacement performance of ventilation outlets and in the design of ventilation ducts.
Discharge coefficients of a wooden ventilation duct 8.54 metres in length and of a constant 0.17 m$ sp2$ cross sectional area were measured. Four different outlet shapes and 3 aperture ratios of each shape were tested. A split plot experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of outlet shape, outlet size, and distance from the fan on discharge coefficient. The relationship between duct performance characteristics and discharge coefficient was examined. A mathematical equation to predict the discharge coefficient was developed and tested.
Discharge coefficient values measured ranged from 0.19 to 1.25 depending on the aperture ratio and distance from the fan. Outlet shape had no significant effect. The apparent effects of aperture ratio and size are due to the effects of head ratio. The equation predicting the discharge coefficient had a maximum error of 5 percent for the aperture ratios of 0.5 and 1.0, and 15 percent at an aperture ratio of 1.5.
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MacKinnon, Ian R. (Ian Roderick) 1964. "Air distribution from ventilation ducts." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59655.

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A wooden, perforated, uniform cross-section duct was examined to determine the optimum levels of aperture ratio and fan speed with respect to uniformity of discharge. The optimum aperture ratio for the 8.54 m long duct was 1.0 with a uniformity coefficient of 90.28%. The fan speed had little effect on the uniformity of discharge. The friction factor was experimentally determined to be 0.048 for a non-perforated duct and this value was assumed to be the same for a perforated duct of similar construction. A kinetic energy correction factor was used to analyze the flow in the duct. Values for this correction factor were determined from experimental data. Values of the coefficient of discharge and the total duct energy were calculated. A mathematical model was proposed based on the conservation of momentum and the Bernoulli's equation. The model responded favourably and predicted the duct velocity nearly perfectly and slightly underestimated the total duct energy.
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Neale, James Richard Mechanical &amp Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Experimental and numerical investigation of noise generation from the expansion of high velocity HVAC flows on board ocean going fast ferries." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/28371.

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This thesis details a study of strategies used to limit the flow generated noise encountered in the outlet diffusers of high velocity heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) duct systems. The underlying noise rating criterion is drawn from the specifications covering ocean going aluminium fast ferries. Although directed primarily towards the fast ferry industry the results presented herein are applicable to other niche high velocity HVAC applications. Experimental tests have been conducted to prove the viability of a high velocity HVAC duct system in meeting airflow requirements whilst maintaining acceptable passenger cabin noise levels. A 50 mm diameter circular jet of air was expanded using a primary conical diffuser with a variety of secondary outlet configurations. Noise measurements were taken across a velocity range of 15 to 60 m/s. An optimum outlet design has been experimentally identified by varying the diffuser angle, outlet duct length and the termination grill. A 4 to 5 fold reduction in required duct area was achieved with the use of a distribution velocity of 20 to 30 ms-1, without exceeding the prescribed passenger cabin noise criteria. The geometric configuration of the diffuser outlet assembly was found to have a pronounced effect on the noise spectrum radiating from the duct outlet. The development of a numerical model capable of predicting the flow induced noise generated by airflow exiting a ventilation duct is also documented. The model employs a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) CFD model to calculate the turbulent flow field through the duct diffuser section and outlet. The flow-generated noise is then calculated using a far field acoustic postprocessor based on the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings integral based formulation of Lighthill???s acoustic analogy. Time varying flow field variables are used to calculate the fluctuating noise sources located at the duct outlet and the resulting far field sound pressure levels. This result is then used to calculate the corresponding far field sound intensity and sound power levels. The numerical acoustic model has been verified and validated against the measured experimental results for multiple outlet diffuser configurations.
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Fu, Yan. "Modelling of ducted ventilation system in agricultural structures." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60519.

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Air distribution ducts are used in the environmental control of livestock and poultry building as well as the conditioning of most agricultural produce.
In order to simplify the approach to the design of ventilation ducts, a mathematical equation has been derived to describe the average air velocity of a duct.
The primary objective of the research work was to test goodness of fit of an equation describing the average air velocity of perforated ventilation ducts, under balanced as well as unbalanced air distribution: $V = H sb{o}{X over L} + (V sb{L}-H sb{o}) {X sp2 over L sp2}$.
This equation was successfully tested using data measured from 14 ducts of constant cross-sectional area, built of wood or polyethylene with outlets of various shapes and aperture ratios. Results indicated that aperture ratio and distance along the duct are the two most significant factors influencing the average duct air velocity values, but material and outlet shape had little effect.
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El, Moueddeb Khaled. "Principles of energy and momentum conservation to analyze and model air flow for perforated ventilation ducts." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42024.

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A theoretical model was developed to predict the air distribution pattern and thus to design perforated ventilation ducts equipped with a fan. The analysis of the air distribution pattern of such systems requires accurate measurement procedures. Several experimental methods were tested and compared. Accordingly, the piezometric flush taps and thermo-anemometer were selected to measure respectively the duct air pressure and the outlet air flow.
Based on the equations of energy and momentum conservation, a model was formulated to predict the air flow performance of perforated ventilation ducts and to evaluate the outlet discharge angle and the duct regain coefficients without evaluating frictional losses. The basic assumptions of the model were validated by experimentally proving the equivalence of the friction losses expressed in the 2 cited equations. When compared to experimental results measured from four wooden perforated ventilation ducts with aperture ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0, the model predicted the outlet air flow along the full length of perforated duct operated under turbulent flow conditions with a maximum error of 9%. The regain coefficient and the energy correction factor were equal to one, and the value of the discharge coefficient remained constant at 0.65, along the full length of the perforated duct. The outlet air jet discharge angle varied along the entire duct length, and was not influenced by friction losses for turbulent flow.
Assuming a common effective outlet area, the model was extended to match the performance of the fan and the perforated duct and to determine their balance operating point.
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Axelsson, Daniel. "Design and Development of a Spray Booth." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11829.

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As a part of a more extensive project of developing a new finishing line at the Bolivian door manufacturer Tecno Carpinteria San Pedro this thesis presents the development process for a special designed spray booth. The thesis covers every phase from a product idea to a final concept design.

Working with finishing of furniture and other wooden products can effect the workers health in a negative way and damage the environment. The final result of the manufactured door is also depending on the how well the ventilation system in the working area is. Because of these reasons it is important to use safety equipment and a good ventilation system in the working area. As a part of this new finishing line San Pedro is in need of a special designed spray booth to control the spread of paint particles and other hazard substances that is a result of the finishing process.

Together with the consultant firm CADEFOR a spray booth is designed and a proposal design is presented in this thesis. The result is a design built up with a dry filter solution together with an extractor that creates a cross draft airflow towards the rear part of the spray booth. The result of the project together with some recommendations of increasing the capacity in the finishing line are also presented.

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De, Abreu Negreiros Bianca. "Building design and environmental performance : thermal comfort through thermal mass and natural ventilation in social housing in Northeast Brazil." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/building-design-and-environmental-performance-thermal-comfort-through-thermal-mass-and-natural-ventilation-in-social-housing-in-northeast-brazil(71a83bde-8a7c-43d1-a181-2bb340dcb639).html.

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Environmental consciousness leads the construction industry to greater concerns about local adaptation, less waste of resources and energy efficiency In Brazil, earth construction is a feasible approach to house building in many locations and can play a useful part in resolving the housing problems faced by that country, being already a popular approach to providing affordable housing for low income groups within the population, particularly in the Northeast Region of the country, although usually not built correctly. Although used since the colonial period, from 1500, knowledge around earth systems is not formally embedded within the Brazilian building standards and this is unhelpful in terms of promoting quality of performance of buildings thus constructed. For example, appropriate use of high thermal mass in conjunction with natural ventilation, which is frequently used in Brazil due to energy costs, can significantly influence the thermal comfort within residences, but appropriate guidance is lacking. This research considers the combined effects of earth construction and natural ventilation upon thermal comfort within social housing in Northeast Brazil. The main thesis hypothesis is that the use of thermal mass provided by earth construction combined with natural ventilation results in acceptable levels of thermal performance with respect to thermal comfort in both hot and humid and hot and dry climates. The aim is to evaluate the thermal performance of high thermal mass dwellings using adobe system combined with natural ventilation in the bioclimatic zones of Brazil's Northeast Region. The method explores thermal performance simulation using Design Builder, a graphical interface for Energy Plus program. The assessment uses parametric analysis and the adaptive thermal comfort index from de Dear and Brager (1998). The results suggest that earth construction provides a high number of comfort hours in all bioclimatic zones in Northeast Brazil and ventilation use enhances the comfort sensation.
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Ferrucci, Margherita. "Ventilation naturelle en architecture : méthodes, outils et règles de conception." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1080.

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La ventilation naturelle est une stratégie passive qui permet l'échange naturel d'air entre le bâtiment et l'environnement extérieur. Elle assure une bonne qualité de l'air intérieur, améliore le confort thermique et elle réduit les besoins énergétiques, les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et les symptômes liés au syndrome du bâtiment malsain. Bien que les avantages et les bénéfices de la ventilation naturelle soient multiples, son usage est rare dans l'architecture contemporaine. Bien sûr, il existe des limites à sa mise en œuvre dans certains bâtiments, comme la mauvaise qualité de l'air extérieur, mais ces problèmes ne justifient pas une utilisation si peu répandue. La cause de sa faible diffusion est principalement liée à la difficulté de la conception plutôt que aux facteurs physiques liés à l'environnement. La thèse vise à fournir différents outils pour comprendre la dynamique des fluides dans les bâtiments et développer des techniques et des méthodes pour aider la conception des bâtiments ventilés naturellement. L'approche adoptée dans la thèse est modélisée selon les besoins du concepteur qui peut choisir d'utiliser différents types de supports tels que: utiliser des outils graphiques ou des modélisations numériques, s'inspirer de l'architecture contemporaine et répéter les solutions technologiques existantes, utiliser des outils de modélisation physique, s'inspirer du passé ou du monde naturel. Ici plusieurs aspects de la ventilation naturelle sont traités en apportant à chacun une contribution innovante afin de créer des outils d'aide pour différents phases de la conception : Les objectifs de la thèse sont de créer des outils innovants qui simplifient la conception à des niveaux différents. Nous avons créé donc, des outils et des modèles graphiques simplifiés pour choisir la forme du bâtiment et son orientation, des lignes directrices pour le dimensionnement des dispositifs de ventilation (cheminées de toit), des méthodes expérimentales simplifiées associées à des codes de lecture des écoulements d'air. Nous avons également élargit le panorama culturel et historiques et nous avons créé des indications morphologiques dérivant de l'analyse de l'architecture biomimétique. Grâce à une analyse CFD paramétrique, des outils graphiques sont générés pour évaluer, de manière comparative, les performances de ventilation d'une famille morphologique de bâtiments et choisir la forme du bâtiment, son orientation et la position des ouvertures. Nous créons des lignes directrices pour la conception et le pré-dimensionnement des dispositifs de ventilation. Les règles sont déterminées par une analyse comparative de neuf projets de bâtiments contemporains ventilés naturellement dans lesquels le dispositif de ventilation est présent. Une soufflerie est conçue et réalisée pour simplifier les visualisations des écoulements d'air autour des modèles de bâtiments et nous proposons une méthode pour réaliser des expérimentations de support à la conception. Le système de refroidissement géothermique d'une ancienne villa à Costozza (Vicence, Italie) est étudié. Cette section élargit la connaissance du patrimoine architectural italien et souligne l'importance de redécouvrir des solutions technologiques bioclimatiques existantes, toujours en fonction. On analyse une structure animale: le nid d'un insecte. Il s'agit d'un archétype bioclimatique qu'il peut être utilisé dans l'architecture en tant que technologie biomimétique
Natural ventilation is a passive ventilation strategy of confined spaces that consists of natural air exchange between the building and the outdoor environment. Natural ventilation ensures a good indoor air quality, it improves the thermal comfort and it reduces the greenhouses gases emission, the energy demand and the symptoms associated with the Sick Building Syndrome. Although the advantages and benefits of natural ventilation are multiple, its application is rare to contemporary architecture. By the way, there are some limits to its implementation, such as the bad quality of outdoor air, but that does not justify a so limited design of naturally ventilated buildings. The cause of its rare diffusion is primarily the difficulty of design rather than the factors related to the environment. The thesis intends to provide multiple tools for understanding the fluid dynamics in buildings and to develop techniques and methods to support the design of naturally ventilated buildings. The approach adopted in the thesis is modeled according to the needs of the designer. In fact, a designer can choose to use different types of support tools such as: use of graphic tools or numerical models, inspiration to contemporary architecture to provide the existing technology solutions, use of physical modeling tools, inspiration to the past or to the nature. Often, the design is a global process and does not need a single tool but the designer uses more than one. Here, several aspects of natural ventilation are dealt with, trying to make an innovative contribution to each of these themes, in particular : Through a parametric CFD analysis, graphical tools are generated to evaluate, adopting a comparative approach, the ventilative performance of a morphological family of buildings and to choose the shape of the building, its orientation and the position of the openings. Guidelines are set for the design and pre-dimensioning of ventilation devices. The rules are determined by a comparative analysis of nine contemporary ventilation projects in which the ventilation device is present. An optimized wind tunnel is created to simplify airflow visualizations around building models. We provide also a method to make simplified experimentations, an aiding-design tool, and a code that allows to understand the views with the smoke. We study the geothermal cooling system of an ancient villa in Costozza (Vicenza, Italy). This section extends the knowledge of the Italian architectural heritage and highlights the importance of rediscovering existing bioclimatic technology solutions, still in operation. An animal structure is analysed: the bug of an insect. This is a bioclimatic archetype and therefore it can be applied to architecture as a biomimetic technology
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Ahmadi, Mohsen. "Design and construction of a high-bandwidth computer controlled rotary vane ventilator." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq55293.pdf.

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Gross, Steven James. "A Feasibility Study of Model-Based Natural Ventilation Control in a Midrise Student Dormitory Building." PDXScholar, 2011. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/449.

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Past research has shown that natural ventilation can be used to satisfy upwards of 98% of the yearly cooling demand when utilized in the appropriate climate zone. Yet widespread implementation of natural ventilation has been limited in practice. This delay in market adoption is mainly due to lack of effective and reliable control. Historically, control of natural ventilation was left to the occupant (i.e. they are responsible for opening and closing their windows) because occupants are more readily satisfied when given control of the indoor environment. This strategy has been shown to be effective during summer months, but can lead to both over and under ventilation, as well as the associated unnecessary energy waste during the winter months. This research presents the development and evaluation of a model-based control algorithm for natural ventilation. The proposed controller is designed to modulate the operable windows based on ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, indoor temperature and other building characteristics to ensure adequate ventilation and thermal comfort throughout the year without the use of mechanical ventilation and cooling systems. A midrise student dormitory building, located in Portland OR, has been used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller. Simulation results show that the model-based controller is able to reduce under-ventilated hours to 6.2% of the summer season (June - September) and 2.5% of the winter (October - May) while preventing over-heating during 99% of the year. In addition, the model-based-controller reduces the yearly energy cost by 33% when compared to a conventional heat pump system. As a proactive control, model-based control has been used in a wide range of building control applications. This research serves as proof-of-concept that it can be used to control operable windows to provide adequate ventilation year-round without significantly affecting thermal comfort. The resulting control algorithm significantly improves the reliability of natural ventilation design and could lead to a wider adoption of natural ventilation in appropriate climate zones.
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Books on the topic "Ventilation – Design and construction"

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Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning: Design for building construction. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1987.

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Council, Sports. Sports halls: Heating and ventilation. London: Sports Council, 1994.

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Madeja-Strumińska, Barbara. Projektowanie naturalno-wymuszonych rozpływów powietrza w kopalniach podziemnych. Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, 2000.

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HVAC design sourcebook. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012.

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Haines, Roger W. HVAC systems design handbook. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

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Haines, Roger W. HVAC systems design handbook. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998.

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W, Haines Roger. HVAC systems design handbook. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

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W, Haines Roger. HVAC systems design handbook. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Lewis, Wilson C., ed. HVAC systems design handbook. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003.

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HVAC systems design handbook. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab Professional and Reference Books, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ventilation – Design and construction"

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Lamand, Rosemary, and Hala Sahnoun. "Design of Chiltern Tunnel and ventilation shaft interfaces." In High Speed Two (HS2): Infrastructure Design and Construction (Volume 1), 321–35. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/hs2.65765.321.

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Conceição, Eusébio, João Gomes, Maria Manuela Lúcio, Maria Inês Conceição, and Hazim Awbi. "Design and Construction of a Ventilation System Located in an Experimental Chamber." In Sustainability and Automation in Smart Constructions, 393–404. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35533-3_47.

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Lotinga, Michael J. B., Ben Saunders, and Gennaro Sica. "Predicting sound levels generated by jet fan ventilation systems in tunnels." In High Speed Two (HS2): Infrastructure Design and Construction (Volume 1), 261–89. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/hs2.65765.261.

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Wang, Yong, Xiongwei Li, Min Wang, Yanli Wang, and Jianbin Chen. "Ventilation Effect and Optimum Design of an Urban I-Shaped Pedestrian Underpass." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Tunnelling and Underground Construction, 652–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0017-2_66.

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Paul Meisburger, E., D. Iryanto, D. Quinn, A. Widyastutie, and A. Mone. "Design and Construction of High Capacity Fixed Refuge Chambers at PT Freeport Indonesia’s Underground Operations." In Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress, 850–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1420-9_73.

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Worthing, Derek, Nigel Dann, and Roger Heath. "Ventilation." In Marshall and Worthing’s The Construction of Houses, 415–24. 6th ed. Sixth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021. | Revised edition of: The construction of houses / Duncan Marshall ... [et al.]. 5th ed. London; New York: Routledge, 2013.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429397820-19.

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Maisel, Jordana L., Edward Steinfeld, Megan Basnak, Korydon Smith, and M. Beth Tauke. "Construction." In Inclusive Design, 97–124. New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: PocketArchitecture : technical design series: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315712437-4.

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Maidl, Bernhard, Markus Thewes, and Ulrich Maidl. "Ventilation During the Construction Phase." In Handbook of Tunnel Engineering, 409–25. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783433603499.ch8.

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Chappell, David. "Design." In Construction Contracts, 90–102. Fourth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003080930-10.

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Chappell, David. "Design." In Construction Contracts, 90–102. Fourth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003080930-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ventilation – Design and construction"

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Jinsheng Guo and Jing Li. "Passive solar house design of summer ventilation." In 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Problems in Architecture and Construction. IET, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2011.1252.

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Keming, Ye, and Luo Hanbin. "Noise Reduction and Ventilation System: A Design of a New Intelligent Window." In Creative Construction e-Conference 2020. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ccc2020-063.

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Chu, Baeksuk, Dongnam Kim, Daehie Hong, Joongyoung Park, Jin Taek Chung, and Tae-Hyung Kim. "GA-Based Fuzzy Controller Design for Tunnel Ventilation Systems." In 22nd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2005/0016.

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Wark, Christopher. "Natural Ventilation Design Using CFD." In ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36199.

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In an effort to make buildings healthier and more energy efficient, architects are increasingly incorporating natural ventilation into their design strategies in order to take advantage of free, available wind power. The extent to which natural ventilation can replace forced ventilation in a given building depends on the local climate and specific site utilization. The ASHRAE Standards 55 and 62.1 that cover natural ventilation establish minimal requirements for climate and building openings but also concede that the ultimate responsibility for proving the effectiveness of this technique lies with the design team and the specific requirements of local codes. But how does a design team prove that air is flowing according to plan without actually creating the structure and taking measurements? Only two possibilities exist — regard each room as a very large ratio conduit and apply conventional equations to those spaces, or do a 3-dimensional numerical analysis of the flow path. Numerical analysis, known as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), is now being recognized as the only reliable way to predict natural airflow through a building and assure that adequate air quality and comfort is provided at all points of each room before construction begins. CFD computer programs allow designers to divide a volume into a large number of small regions and calculate the air and heat transfer between each region, minimizing the assumption-related errors that would otherwise occur. Minimizing computational error at the beginning of the design process reduces the risk of costly post-construction order changes that can occur as substandard air quality is discovered. CFD software can vary in its level of sophistication. While the most basic Navier-Stokes heat and mass transfer equations are essential and can be of great use, a proper natural ventilation analysis tool should include calculations for buoyancy, turbulent convection, and the ability to do open boundary modeling. Other features such as local solar loading and transient analysis are also desirable. A comprehensive CFD package can be particularly useful for modeling the complex airflow found in mixed-mode designs and identifying regions of stagnant air, high heat loss or gain, short-circuited airflow, and other conditions that inhibit good building performance and limit the potential for sustainability.
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Rostova, Mariia Sergeevna, Elizaveta Albertovna Saifullina, and Inna Ivanovna Sukhanova. "Experience of using BIM-technologies in design course of heating and ventilation systems." In II International Conference “BIM in Construction & Architecture”. Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/bimac.2019.040.

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Lee, Rou Xuan, Nyuk Hien Wong, Alex Yong Kwang Tan, and Steve Kardinal Jusuf. "The Study of Variation in Gross Building Coverage Ratio on Estate-Level Outdoor Ventilation." In International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction (ICSDC) 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41204(426)33.

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Colino, Mark P., and Elena B. Rosenstein. "A New Advance in Tunnel Ventilation Design Planning." In 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2203.

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The new train signaling, traction power and tunnel ventilation system coordination guidelines enacted in National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard 130 have brought the necessity and cost of tunnel ventilation fan shafts into greater focus. The guidelines were aimed at coordinating the three aforementioned rail systems to control the number of trains that could be between successive ventilation shafts during an emergency — in recognition of the fact that the best protection to both incident and non-incident train passengers and crew is to allow no more than one train in each ventilation zone. Though based in safety, these new NFPA guidelines can substantially expand the capital cost and environmental impact of new rail tunnel projects by adding more ventilation shafts and tunnel fan equipment to the scope of work. In addition, the resulting increase in the required number of ventilation shafts and tunnel fan equipment can hinder existing railroad properties as they seek to either increase their train throughput rates, or reduce their tunnel electrical infrastructure. Fortunately, a new kind of emergency ventilation shaft has been developed to facilitate compliance with the NFPA 130 Standard without the excessive capital cost and far-reaching environmental impacts of a traditional emergency ventilation shaft. This new kind of emergency ventilation shaft is called the Crossflue. The Crossflue is a horizontal passage between parallel rail tunnels with a single ventilation fan-motor unit installation. The Crossflue fan is designed to transfer air/smoke flows from one (occupied, incident) tunnel to another (unoccupied, non-incident) tunnel — thereby protecting the incident tunnel at the expense of the non-incident tunnel. The Crossflue passage has angled construction to allow a smooth transition of airflows both into and out of the adjoining tunnels. In addition to the fan, the Crossflue contains a ventilation damper, sound attenuators, ductwork transitions and flexible connectors within the fan equipment line-up; the functionality of all this mechanical equipment is described in the paper. To preserve underground space and minimize the rock excavation, the Crossflue fan is both remotely-powered and remotely-controlled; the fan is only operated as part of a pre-programmed response to tunnel fire events. The methodology utilized to design the Crossflue was taken from the Subway Environmental Design Handbook (SEDH); the SEDH [1] was specifically developed for rail tunnel ventilation design and is the preeminent reference volume in the industry. In summary, the Crossflue provides a dual benefit of achieving NFPA 130 compliance, while at the same time minimizing the construction, equipment, environmental, and energy costs of a traditional tunnel ventilation shaft.
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Al-Mutairi, Abdullah W., and Kasim M. Al-Aubidy. "Design and Construction of a Low Cost Portable Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Ventilation Device." In 2020 17th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364088.

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Romanchik Eugenio K., Bonilla Estrada Moisés, Sánchez García A., Villareal Guerrero F., and Abraham Cortes H. "Design and Construction of the controls Systems of Temperature, Ventilation, Illumination and Irrigation in a Greenhouse Model." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.9625.

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Horner, Jim W., and Martin R. DeBusman. "Pump Station Design." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33740.

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This paper reviews Enbridge’s recent experience with the design and construction of new pump stations during its most recent wave of expansion that started in 2007. This expansion includes over $4 billion in pump station construction and upgrade. Enbridge is working on its third generation station design and is starting to benefit from a consistent design composed of standard elements. The principle objective of this design effort was to improve environmental protection at pump stations. In the design’s development many different areas of concern were investigated including: building code compliance, pump shelter ventilation requirements, improvements to station metering accuracy, mitigations to improve fire safety, inclusion of an aboveground sump tank, and equipment access and removal to name a few. While work has been done to improve mechanical and structural systems, they have also been standardized in an attempt to develop consistent components. The objective of the paper is to provide a summary of these developments and some background on the thinking that shaped the design.
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Reports on the topic "Ventilation – Design and construction"

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C.R. Gorrell. VENTILATION NEEDS DURING CONSTRUCTION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861093.

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Maxwell, S., D. Berger, and M. Zuluaga. Evaluation of Ventilation Strategies in New Construction Multifamily Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1148619.

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Maxwell, S., D. Berger, and M. Zuluaga. Evaluation of Ventilation Strategies in New Construction Multifamily Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1221045.

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MCGREW, D. L. Project Design Concept Primary Ventilation System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/805372.

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A.T. Watkins. Design Feature 7: Continuous Preclosure Ventilation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/759853.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Construction: Design and Construction Evaluation (DCE). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404141.

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Dols, W. Stuart, and Steven J. Emmerich. LoopDA - natural ventilation design and analysis software. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6967.

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Slagley, Jeremy M. Proposed Additions to Ventilation Duct-Design Procedures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426443.

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Lstiburek, Joseph. Measure Guideline: Ventilation Guidance for Residential High-Performance New Construction - Multifamily. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1342624.

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Lstiburek, Joseph. Measure Guideline: Ventilation Guidance for Residential High-Performance New Construction - Multifamily. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1358071.

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