Academic literature on the topic 'Venom immunotherapy'
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Journal articles on the topic "Venom immunotherapy"
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Jovanovic, Dragana, Aleksandra Peric-Popadic, Sladjana Andrejevic, Igor Jovanovic, and Branka Bonaci-Nikolic. "Triple IgE-positivity to hornet, wasp and bee venom in the patient with anaphylaxis: Diagnostic and therapeutic approach." Vojnosanitetski pregled 76, no. 8 (2019): 839–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp160831144j.
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Introduction. Triple-positivity (TP) or double-positivity (DP) for serum-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) antibodies against hornet venom (HV), wasp venom (WV) and/or honeybee venom (BV) causes significant problem in a selection of appropriate venom immunotherapy. However, DP/TP can be caused by cross-reactions resulting either from partial sequence identity of protein allergens in the venoms, or may be related to cross-reacting carbohydrate determinants (CCDs). Case report. A 60-year-old man was stung by a wasp and two days later by hornet. In both cases, within 15 minutes he developed hypotension and generalized urticaria and he was successfully treated with epinephrine, corticosteroids and fluids. After eight weeks, the examination revealed the negative skin prick test for all three venoms, but the sIgE-determination (ELISA, Biopharm) showed triple sensitization to native BV (0.55 IU/mL), WV (3.35 IU/mL) and HV (0.37 IU/mL). He was receiving the venom immunotherapy with venom mixtures for one year. In order to distinguish true multiple sensitization from cross-reactivity, the molecular-allergy testing by ImmunCAP with the CCD-free recombinant major allergens was performed. A high sensitization to Antigen 5-rVes v5 of WV (31.4 kU/L) was demonstrated while sIgE to phospholipase A2-rApi m1 of BV (0.15 kU/L) was negative; sIgE to CCDMUXF3- bromelain (0.75 kU/L) explained the sIgE-positivity for native BV. After these findings, a venom immunotherapy only with WV was initiated. Conclusion. In our patient, triple-IgE-positivity to native venoms detected by the ELISA was caused by cross-reactivity to CCDs. We recommend the molecular-allergy testing with the nonglycosylated recombinant allergens before starting the venom immunotherapy in patients with multiple-sIgE-positivity to native Hymenoptera venoms.
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Nittner-Marszalska, Marita. "Venom immunotherapy." Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology 5, no. 2 (2018): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pja.2018.76677.
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Vervloet, D., and J. Birnbaum. "Venom immunotherapy." Revue Française d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique 38, no. 7 (January 1998): S243—S247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0335-7457(98)80107-x.
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Church, Vernon M. "Venom Immunotherapy." Physician and Sportsmedicine 19, no. 8 (August 1991): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1991.11702234.
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Brown, Simon. "Venom Immunotherapy." Allergy & Clinical Immunology International - Journal of the World Allergy Organization 18, no. 02 (2006): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0838-1925.18.2.48.
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Golden, David B. K. "Venom Immunotherapy." Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America 40, no. 1 (February 2020): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2019.09.002.
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Kholi-Wiesner, A., L. Stahlberger, C. Bieli, T. Stricker, and R. Lauener. "Bee venom allergy immunotherapy/wasp venom allergy immunotherapy." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1407 (June 2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214070-00044.
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&NA;. "Venom immunotherapy interaction." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 990 (February 2004): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200409900-00041.
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Bilò, Beatrice M., and Floriano Bonifazi. "Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy." Immunotherapy 3, no. 2 (February 2011): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt.10.88.
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Golden, David B. K. "Discontinuing venom immunotherapy." Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 1, no. 4 (August 1, 2001): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.all.0000011038.45505.c6.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Venom immunotherapy"
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Brown, Simon Geoffrey Archer, and simon brown@uwa edu au. "Preventing anaphylaxis to venom of the jack jumper ant (Myrmecia pilosula)." Flinders University. School of Medicine, 2003. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20050707.103356.
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Background: Myrmecia pilosula (the jack jumper ant, JJA) is the principal cause of ant venom
anaphylaxis in Australia. Whereas honeybee and wasp venom allergy can be treated by venom
immunotherapy (VIT), no such treatment is available for ant sting allergy. In addition, information on the natural history of JJA sting allergy is required to identify those most likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The main objectives of this research were to establish: (i) the prevalence, natural history and determinants of reaction severity for JJA allergy, and; (ii) the efficacy and tolerability of JJA VIT.
Methods: A search of the Royal Hobart Hospital (RHH) forensic register, a random telephone survey, and a review of emergency department (ED) presentations were performed. Three hundred eighty-eight JJA allergic volunteers were assessed, including serum venom-specific IgE
RAST, and then followed up for accidental stings over a 4-year period. Finally, a randomised
double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of JJA VIT was performed. Laboratory parameters
measured during the trial were; leukocyte stimulation index (SI), IL-4 production, IgE RAST, histamine release test (HRT), leukotriene release test (LRT) and basophil activation test (BAT). Intradermal venom skin testing (VST) was also performed at trial entry.
Findings: The prevalence of JJA sting allergy was 2.7% in the Tasmanian population, compared to 1.4% for honeybee. People aged 35 or older had a greater risk of both sting allergy and hypotensive reactions. Four deaths were identified, all in adults with significant comorbidities. During follow-up, 79 (70%) of 113 accidental jack jumper stings caused systemic reactions. Only prior worst reaction severity predicted the severity of follow-up reactions, with the majority of people experiencing similar or less severe reactions when stung again. Sixty-eight otherwise healthy JJA allergic adult volunteers were enrolled in the clinical trial. Systemic reactions to therapy were recorded in 34% during VIT. Objectively defined systemic reactions to sting challenges arose in 1/35 after VIT (mild self-limiting urticaria only) versus 21/29 in the placebo group. Treatment with oxygen, intravenous adrenaline infusion and volume resuscitation was effective and well tolerated. Hypotension was always accompanied by a relative bradycardia, which was severe and treated with atropine in two patients. In the placebo group, only VST and HRT were predictive of sting challenge results. Although IgE RAST, leukocyte SI and IL-4 production, LRT and BAT all correlated well with VST, they did not predict sting challenge outcome. After successful VIT, venom-induced leukocyte IL-4 production tended to fall, whereas IgE RAST increased and a natural decline in HRT reactivity was reversed.
Interpretation: VIT is highly effective in prevention of JJA sting anaphylaxis and is likely to be of most benefit to people with a history of severe systemic reactions, which usually occur in people aged over 35. Neurocardiogenic mechanisms &/or direct cardiac effects may be important factors in some anaphylaxis deaths. Systemic reactions to immunotherapy are common and require immediate access to resuscitation facilities. The HRT warrants further investigation as a test for selecting those most likely to benefit from VIT. None of the tests evaluated appear to be reliable markers of successful VIT.
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Ferro, Karla Priscila Vieira 1981. "Imunoterapia específica = efeitos sobre granulócitos de pacientes alérgicos ao veneno de Apis Mellifera." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309580.
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Orientador: Ricardo de Lima ZollnerTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: As reações alérgicas à ferroada de inseto resultam de resposta exacerbada do sistema imune, com produção de elevados níveis de anticorpos IgE alérgeno-específicos e padrão de citocinas Th2, envolvidas na diferenciação de linfócitos B específicos para aquele antígeno em células produtoras de IgE e recrutamento de células efetoras da resposta alérgica. Neste contexto, granulocitos são células efetoras importantes na fase tardia da resposta alérgica e estão envolvidos na patogênese de diferentes doenças. Eosinófilos e neutrófilos, especificamente, modulam a resposta imune por meio de diferentes mecanismos, como a secreçao de citocinas, quimiocinas e mediadores lipídicos. A IgE desempenha papel central na patogênese das doenças alérgicas, interagindo com dois receptores de membranas: alta afinidade FcsRI e baixa afinidade FcsRII (CD23). A ligação da IgE ao seu receptor em mastocitos e basófilos promove a liberação de mediadores inflamatórios, dentre eles, a histamina. A histamina além de induzir os sintomas agudos da reação alérgica, sustenta a reação inflamatória até a fase crônica, sendo estes efeitos mediados através da ativação de diferentes receptores (H1, H2, H3 e H4). Os fatores liberadores de histamina (HRF), particularmente, HRF-dependentes de IgE, induzem a liberação de histamina na fase tardia da resposta alérgica, permitindo a perpetuação dos eventos inflamatórios crônicos. Muitos estudos demonstram a eficácia da imunoterapia específica na dessensibilização e no desenvolvimento de tolerância em indivíduos com quadros graves de hipersensibilidade à ferroada de insetos, sobretudo da classe Hymenoptera. Com base nestas informações, foram objetivos do presente trabalho avaliar os efeitos modulatórios da imunoterapia sobre a expressão gênica dos receptores de histamina (H1, H2 e H4), HRF- IgE dependente e de fatores apoptóticos (Bcl-2 e BID) por RT-PCR, além da expressão gênica, através da técnica de PCR em tempo real de fatores de transcrição envolvidos na diferenciação de granulocitos como PU.1, C/EBPa, C/EBPpe GATA-1, receptores de alta (FcsRla e FcsRly) e baixa afinidade de IgE (CD23), cuja detecção protéica foi realizada por imunofluorescência e citometria de fluxo, respectivamente. Além disso, foram avaliados os níveis séricos de IgE específica, secreçao de RANTES e IL-8 nos sobrenadantes das culturas celulares e quantificação de granulocitos apoptóticos através da técnica de TÚNEL. Os granulocitos foram isolados de pacientes submetidos à imunoterapia específica ao veneno de abelha, em diferentes períodos do tratamento (Pré, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 e 24 meses), após injeção subcutânea, e submetidas à cultura por 72 horas, com estimulo de 1 ng/mL veneno de abelha. Indivíduos não alérgicos foram estudados como grupo controle. De maneira geral, a imunoterapia específica ao veneno de abelha foi capaz de modular os elementos analisados, reduzindo significativamente a expressão dos mesmos ao final de 24 meses de tratamento. Não verificamos, apenas, modulação no número de granulocitos apoptóticos ao longo da imunoterapia. Nossos resultados inéditos fornecem informações adicionais sobre os efeitos da imunoterapia sobre granulocitos, reforçando as propriedades supressoras e tolerogênicas desta forma de tratamento
Abstract: Allergic reactions to insect stings results from a exacerbated response of the immune system, resulting in the production of high levels of allergen-specific IgE antibodies and Th2 cytokine pattern, which are involved in the differentiation process of B lymphocytes, specific for that antigen, into IgE producing cells and the recruitment of effector cells of allergic response. Eosinophils and neutrophils, specifically, modulate the immune response through different mechanisms, such as the secretion of cytokines, chemokines and lipid mediators. IgE plays a central role on allergic diseases pathogenesis, interacting with two membrane receptors: high affinity FcsRI and low affinity FcsRII (CD23). Biding of IgE with receptors on mast cells and eosinophils promotes the release of inflammatory mediators, among them, histamine. Histamine, besides inducing acute symptoms of allergic reaction, supports inflammatory response until its chronic stage; these effects are mediated through the activation of distinct receptors (H1, H2, H3 and H4). Histamine releasing factors (HRF), particularly, IgE dependent HRF, induce histamine release during the late phase of allergic response, allowing the perpetuation of chronic inflammatory events. In this context, many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of specific immunotherapy on desensitization and tolerance development in subjects with severe hypersensivity to insect stings, especially Hymenoptera. Based on all these information, the aim of the present study were to evaluate the modulating effects of immunotherapy on gene expression of histamine receptors (H1, H2 and H4), IgE dependent HRF and apoptotic factors (Bcl-2 and BID), through RT-PCR; in addition to gene expression, through real time PCR, transcriptional factors involved at granulocytes differentiation as of PU.1, C/EBPa, C/EBPp and GATA-1, and protein expression of high (FcsRIa e FcsRly)and low affinity (CD23) IgE receptors, assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, respectively. Serum levels of specific IgE were also assessed, along with RANTES and IL-8 secretion in cell culture supernatant and quantification of apoptotic granulocytes through TUNEL technique. Granulocytes were isolated from patients undergoing bee venom specific immunotherapy in different periods of treatment (Pre, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months), after subcutaneous injection, and cultured for 72 hours, with bee venom 1ng/ml_. Non allergic subjects were studied as control group. Overall, bee venom specific immunotherapy was able to modulate the analyzed elements, significantly reducing their expression at the end of 24 months of treatment. Modulation on the number of apoptotic granulocytes were not observed during immunotherapy. Our results provide additional information about the effects of immunotherapy over granulocytes, reinforcing the suppressor and tolerogenic properties of this treatment
Doutorado
Ciencias Basicas
Doutor em Clínica Médica
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Röver, Anne Constanze. "Phänotypische und funktionelle Charakterisierung peripherer B-Zellen während Wespengiftimmuntherapie." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14646.
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Die Wespengiftallergie stellt eine typische allergische Sofortreaktion dar. Für diese IgE-vermittelten, pathologischen Immunreaktionen ist die spezifische Immuntherapie (IT) die einzige zur Zeit zur Verfügung stehende kausale Therapie. Die Wirkmechanismen sind trotz intensiver Bemühungen weiterhin nicht vollständig aufgeklärt. Als wichtigste These wird zur Zeit eine Verlagerung des pathologischen, TH2-dominierten Zytokinmilieus in Richtung "normales" TH1-Milieu diskutiert. Es wurde auch eine reduzierte Mediatorfreisetzung von Effektorzellen, eine verminderte Leukozytenproliferation, eine verminderte Endorganantwort und charakteristische Ig-Titer-Veränderungen mit initialem Anstieg und längerfristigem Abfall des sIgE und Anstieg des sIgG4 beschrieben. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Einfluß der IT auf periphere B-Zellen hinsichtlich ihrer Ig-Produktion und ihres Phänotyps untersucht. 15 Patienten mit systemischen Reaktionen nach Wespenstich, Nachweis von spezifischem IgE und positivem Hauttest, bei denen eine Schnell-Immuntherapie eingeleitet wurde, wurden vor Beginn der Therapie (Tag 1), am Tag ihrer Entlassung (Tag 6), also einen Tag, nachdem die Erhaltungsdosis von 100 µg erreicht wurde, und vor der 2. ambulanten Allergeninjektion am 26. Tag untersucht. Die Expression von CD5, CD23, CD32, CD40, CD54, CD86, CD95, HLA-I-ABC und HLA-II-DR wurde auf peripheren mononukleären Blutzellen durchflußzytometrisch bestimmt. Anti-CD19 FITC wurde als spezifischer B-Zellmarker benutzt. Die Serum-Titer des Gesamt-IgE, Wespengift-spezifischen IgE und Wespengift-spezifischen IgG4 wurden mittels ELISA bestimmt. Zur statistischen Auswertung wurde der Wilcoxontest für nicht-parametrische, verbundene Daten benutzt. Die Expression von CD54, CD5, CD32 und HLA-II-DR wurde durch die IT signifikant und die von CD23 tendentiell modifiziert. So war die Expression dieser Moleküle auf der Oberfläche peripherer B-Zellen am Tag 6 im Vergleich zum Ausgangswert vom Tag 1 reduziert. Am 26. Tag wurden wieder Werte auf der Höhe der Ausgangswerte vom Tag 1 gemessen. Dagegen veränderte sich die Expression von CD40, CD86, CD95 und HLA-I-ABC während der untersuchten Zeitpunkte nicht. Die Ig-Titer veränderten sich in der für die IT charakteristischen Weise. So stieg nach 3 Wochen der Gesamt-IgE-, sIgE- und sIgG4-Titer hochsignifikant an. Die Expression der untersuchten Oberflächenmoleküle ist als Indikator für Veränderungen der Aktivationslage und des funktionellen Status der Zellen während der IT zu interpretieren. So spricht die Reduktion der Expression von CD32, CD54 und HLA-II für eine verminderte Aktivierungslage der peripheren B-Zellen. Ferner deutet die Reduktion von CD5 und CD32 auf eine Anergie der B-Zellen hin. Durch die reduzierte Expression von CD23 und CD54 könnte die T-B-Zell-Interaktion verschlechtert werden, die für die Effektorfunktionen beider Zellen bedeutsam ist.Einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Wirksamkeit der IT könnte auch die verminderte Expression des HLA-II leisten, da HLA-II für die Ag-Präsentation essentiell ist. In dieser Arbeit wurde gezeigt, daß die spezifische Immuntherapie einen Einfluß nicht nur auf die Ig-Produktion der B-Zellen hat, sondern auch auf deren Phänotyp. Dies könnte Hinweise auf bisher nicht bekannte Mechanismen bieten, die an der Wirksamkeit der IT beteiligt sind.Wasp-venom allergy is a typical IgE-mediated allergic reaction. Specific immunotherapy (IT) is the only currently available causal therapy for IgE-mediated allergies. The mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of IT are still not fully understood. So far, the main focus of research has been on changes of T-helper cell (TH) cytokine production with a shift from TH2 to TH1 cytokines. Reduced mediator secretion from effector cells of allergic reactions, decreased leukocyte proliferation, lowered responsiveness of end organs and changes in immunoglobulin levels have been reported as well. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of IT on phenotype and Ig-production of B-lymphocytes. 15 venom allergic patients with a history of systemic reactions after a wasp sting and venom-specific skin test reactivity as well as serum IgE were investigated before VIT (day 1), one day after reaching maintenance dose of 100 µg (day 6) during inpatient rush VIT, and again on day 26 during continued outpatient maintenance therapy. Changes in the serum levels of total IgE, allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) and sIgG4 were measured by ELISA. Expression of CD5, CD23, CD32, CD40, CD54, CD86, CD95, HLA-I-ABC and HLA-II-DR on double labeled B cells was studied by flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. On day 6, cell surface expression of CD54, CD5, CD32 and HLA-II-DR was decreased significantly in intensity and numbers of positive cells, compared to day 1, while on day 26, expression of these molecules approached again baseline levels. Furthermore, a trend to decreased CD23 was noted on day 6. No changes were observed for CD40, CD86, CD95 and HLA-I-ABC. Levels of total IgE, sIgE and sIgG4 showed a significant increase after 26 days of VIT. These data show that initiation of rush VIT has profound effects on B-cell phenotype and Ig-production. Reduced expression of surface molecules can be interpreted as a reduction of activation status of B-cells as well as reduced ability to present antigen and to costimulate other leukocytes. B cells may thus be additional direct or indirect targets of high dose antigen therapy and contribute to the efficacy of IT.
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Mahay, Guillaume. "Etude de l'initiation de la tolérance de l'immunothérapie spécifique aux venins d'hyménoptères par ultra-rush Ultra-rush venom immunomotherapy induces basophils inhibition by a lower surface expression of FcεRI and leads to early change in innate and adaptive immune response." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR091.
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L'immunothérapie spécifique (ou désensibilisation) aux venins d'hyménoptères est un traitement qui permet de prévenir la récidive d’une anaphylaxie chez les patients allergiques au venin de guêpe ou d’abeille. Une augmentation très rapide des doses est souvent utilisée lors de la phase initiale de ce traitement dont la bonne tolérance n’est pas bien expliquée. Le but de ce travail était de décrire les changements précoces du système immunitaire pendant l’initiation de l’immunothérapie aux venins d’hyménoptères pouvant expliquer cette bonne tolérance. Nous avons inclus 29 patients traités pour une allergie au venin d’hyménoptères avec une initiation de traitement par « ultra-rush » en 3h30. Des prélèvements sanguins ont été pratiqués avant le début du traitement, à 1h30 et juste avant la dernière injection de venin. L’évolution de la tryptase sanguine a été analysée. L'activation des polynucléaires basophiles ainsi que l'expression FcεRI à leur surface ont été analysées par intensité moyenne de fluorescence par cytométrie en flux. Pour évaluer l'évolution de la réactivité des polynucléaires basophiles, un test d'activation des basophiles (TAB) a été réalisé à chaque temps. L’évolution des populations lymphocytaires T et myéloïdes a été également analysée par cytométrie en flux. Nous avons montré une diminution significative de la tryptase sérique pendant l’ultra-rush, de même qu’une diminution significative de l’activation des polynucléaires basophiles et une diminution de l’expression de FcεRI à leur surface. Etonnamment, le TAB a montré une réponse in vitro des basophiles significativement plus élevée à l'extrait de venin à la fin de « l'ultra-rush » par rapport à avant le début du traitement. Nous avons également montré une augmentation significative des cellules dendritiques et une diminution significative des lymphocytes « Natural Killer » (NK) dans le sang. Concernant les populations lymphocytaires T, nous avons montré une ugmentation significative des populations lymphocytaires T dans le sang, sauf pour les Lymphocytes T CD4+et CD8+ naïfs. En conclusion, l’augmentation des doses de venin par « ultra-rush » est bien tolérée grâce à une inhibition des polynucléaires basophiles impliquant une diminution de l’expression de FcεRI à leur surface. L'ultra-rush entraîne également des modifications précoces dans la réponse immunitaire innée et adaptativeHymenoptera venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a treatment that prevents sting inducing anaphylaxis in allergic patient. Fast-up dosing schedule are often used at the initial phase of VIT. This fast dosing schedule well tolerated, but the mechanisms behind this good tolerance have not yet been elucidated, as well as its consequences on the rest of the immune systems. The aim of this study is to describe early immune system change during initial phase of VIT We included 29 patients undergoing VIT by 3h30 ultra-rush up dosing phase. Blood puncture was performed before the beginning of the treatment, at 1h30 and just before the last venom injection. Blood tryptase evolution was measured. Basophils phenotype and FcεRI surface expression were analyzed by flow cytometry at each step of the ultra-rush. To assess basophils responsiveness evolution, basophils activation test (BAT) was also perform. Myeloid and T lymphocytes population’s evolution were analyzed by flow cytometry. We have shown a significantly lower concentration of blood tryptase at the end of ultra-rush, and a significantly lower basophils activation and FcεRI expression. Surprisingly, BAT has shown a significantly higher in vitro response to venom extract at the end of ultra-rush. We also found significantly increase in blood dendritic cells concentration and lower blood Natural Killer (NK) Cells. We observed higher lymphocytes population in blood except for naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, ultra-rush fast up dosing is well tolerated thanks to a basophils inhibition involving lower FcεRI surface expression. Ultra-rush also leads to early change in innate and adaptive immune response
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Delgobo, Murilo. "MODULAÇÃO DA RESPOSTA IMUNE FRENTE À INDUÇÃO DE TOLERÂNCIA ORAL A TOXINA DERMONECRÓTICA PRESENTE NO VENENO DE Loxosceles intermedia e TOLERÂNCIA ORAL SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE SISTEMAS COMPLEXOS." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2014. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/984.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-21Brown-Spider’s venom (Loxosceles sp.) is presented as a complex mixture of toxins, able to induce skin necrosis with gravitational spreading, intense inflammatory response, edema induction and increase in vascular permeability in vivo. Recently, the biotechnological potential of the toxins was explored by its use in clinical test, in the study of inflammatory response, as a research tool in cell biology, as a biopesticide and in immunotherapy, through the production of antiserum. In this context, immunotherapy is broadly spread through the production of vaccines, available for the treatment of deleterious reactions developed in accidents. In the present work, we investigated if immunological tolerance induction to dermonecrotic recombinant toxin (LiRecDT1) and its mutated form (LiRecDT1 H12A), through its oral administration, could modulate inflammatory and deleterious responses triggered by dermonecrotic toxin. For this purpose, an oral tolerance protocol was designed, consisting in the administration of 10 μg of LiRecDT1 and LiRecDT1 H12A three times in a week, for three weeks. Adult Swiss mice were further immunized, and oral tolerance induction was observed by reduction in serum levels of IgG antibody anti-toxin when compared with control group. It was observed that mice tolerant to LiRecDT1 H12A present a reduction in paw edema, caused by the injection of 6 μg of dermonecrotic toxin in plantar surface hind paw. Mice tolerized with LiRecDT1 and challenged with 50 μg of dermonecrotic toxin, exhibited higher survival, when compared to control group. This effect was not observed in mice tolerized to LiRecDT1 H12A. The present findings suggested that oral tolerance induction to LiRecDT1 H12A was able to alleviate inflammatory responses triggered by dermonecrotic toxin in paw edema and oral tolerance to LiRecDT1 increase survivability in challenge. The results shown that LiRecDT1 and LiRecDT1 H12A can be explored as a tool in the induction and study of oral tolerance phenomena. The generation of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and following involvement of immunosuppressive cytokines might take part in the modulation of immune response.
O veneno de aranha-marrom (Loxosceles sp.) apresenta-se como uma mistura complexa de toxina, capazes de causar necrose com espalhamento local, intensa resposta inflamatória, indução de edema e aumento da permeabilidade vascular in vivo. Recentemente, o potencial biotecnológico das toxinas foi explorado através de seu uso em análises clínicas, no estudo da resposta inflamatória, como ferramenta de pesquisa na biologia celular, como biopesticidas e na imunoterapia, através da produção de anti-soro. No presente trabalho, foi investigado se a indução de tolerância imunológica à toxina dermonecrótica recombinante (LiRecDT1) e sua forma mutada (LiRecDT1 H12A), através de sua administração oral, poderia modular as respostas inflamatórias e deletérias causadas pela toxina dermonecrótica. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um protocolo para indução de tolerância oral, consistindo na administração de 10 μg de LiRecDT1 e LiRecDT1 H12A três vezes por semana, durante três semanas. Camundongos Swiss fêmeas adultas foram posteriormente imunizadas, e a indução de tolerância foi confirmada pela diminuição nos níveis de anticorpos IgG anti-toxina em relação ao grupo controle, resultado que aponta a obtenção de sucesso na indução de tolerância imunológica. Observou-se que animais tolerantes a LiRecDT1 H12A apresentaram uma diminuição no edema desenvolvida na pata, causado pela aplicação de 6 μg de LiRecDT1 na superfície plantar traseira. Animais tolerizados com LiRecDT1 e desafiados com 50 μg intraperitoneal de toxina dermonecrótica apresentaram maior índice de sobrevivência, quando comparados ao grupo controle. Esse efeito não foi observado em animais tolerizados com LiRecDT1 H12A. Os dados obtidos no presente trabalho sugerem que a indução de tolerância oral à LiRecDT1 H12A é capaz de atenuar o desenvolvimento da resposta inflamatória no edema de pata, enquanto a tolerância oral a LiRecDT1 foi capaz de aumentar a sobrevivência em animais desafiados com LiRecDT1. Os resultados demonstram que as toxinas LiRecDT1 e LiRecDT1 H12A podem ser exploradas como ferramenta na indução e estudo da tolerância oral. A geração de células T regulatórias (Tregs) e subsequente participação de citocinas imunossupressoras devem estar envolvidas na modulação da resposta imune.
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Sturm, G. J., E. M. Varga, G. Roberts, H. Mosbech, M. B. Bilo, C. A. Akdis, D. Antolın-Amerigo, et al. "EAACI guidelines on allergen immunotherapy: Hymenoptera venom allergy." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16441.
Full textAbstract:
YesHymenoptera venom allergy is a potentially life‐threatening allergic reaction following a honeybee, vespid, or ant sting. Systemic‐allergic sting reactions have been reported in up to 7.5% of adults and up to 3.4% of children. They can be mild and restricted to the skin or moderate to severe with a risk of life‐threatening anaphylaxis. Patients should carry an emergency kit containing an adrenaline autoinjector, H1‐antihistamines, and corticosteroids depending on the severity of their previous sting reaction(s). The only treatment to prevent further systemic sting reactions is venom immunotherapy. This guideline has been prepared by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology's (EAACI) Taskforce on Venom Immunotherapy as part of the EAACI Guidelines on Allergen Immunotherapy initiative. The guideline aims to provide evidence‐based recommendations for the use of venom immunotherapy, has been informed by a formal systematic review and meta‐analysis and produced using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) approach. The process included representation from a range of stakeholders. Venom immunotherapy is indicated in venom‐allergic children and adults to prevent further moderate‐to‐severe systemic sting reactions. Venom immunotherapy is also recommended in adults with only generalized skin reactions as it results in significant improvements in quality of life compared to carrying an adrenaline autoinjector. This guideline aims to give practical advice on performing venom immunotherapy. Key sections cover general considerations before initiating venom immunotherapy, evidence‐based clinical recommendations, risk factors for adverse events and for relapse of systemic sting reaction, and a summary of gaps in the evidence.
European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7. Grant Number: 601763
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Dhami, S., Hadar Zaman, E. M. Varga, G. J. Sturm, A. Muraro, C. A. Akdis, D. Antolın-Amerigo, et al. "Allergen immunotherapy for insect venom allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16440.
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NoBackground The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is in the process of developing the EAACI Guidelines on Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT) for the management of insect venom allergy. To inform this process, we sought to assess the effectiveness, cost‐effectiveness and safety of AIT in the management of insect venom allergy. Methods We undertook a systematic review, which involved searching 15 international biomedical databases for published and unpublished evidence. Studies were independently screened and critically appraised using established instruments. Data were descriptively summarized and, where possible, meta‐analysed. Results Our searches identified a total of 16 950 potentially eligible studies; of which, 17 satisfied our inclusion criteria. The available evidence was limited both in volume and in quality, but suggested that venom immunotherapy (VIT) could substantially reduce the risk of subsequent severe systemic sting reactions (OR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.03–0.26); meta‐analysis showed that it also improved disease‐specific quality of life (risk difference = 1.41, 95% CI 1.04–1.79). Adverse effects were experienced in both the build‐up and maintenance phases, but most were mild with no fatalities being reported. The very limited evidence found on modelling cost‐effectiveness suggested that VIT was likely to be cost‐effective in those at high risk of repeated systemic sting reactions and/or impaired quality of life. Conclusions The limited available evidence suggested that VIT is effective in reducing severe subsequent systemic sting reactions and in improving disease‐specific quality of life. VIT proved to be safe and no fatalities were recorded in the studies included in this review. The cost‐effectiveness of VIT needs to be established.
EAACI and Grant agreement no: 601763.
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Košnerová, Jitka. "Systémová mastocytóza." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-285129.
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The aim of my thesis is the introduction of the systemic mastocytosis and discussion about results of allergen immunotherapy in patients with systemic mastocytosis and its preventive effects against recurrent anaphylactic reactions. Patients with systemic mastocytosis are more prone to severe systemic anaphylactic reactions after Hymenoptera stings than in the general insect venom allergic population patients without elevated basal tryptase. This severe reaction can result in the death of the patient, it is important to prevent it prophylactically. The medication of choice in insect venom allergic patients is hyposensibilization therapy - allergen immunotherapy, which uses venom allergens of causal Hymenoptera (honey bee, yellow jacket). The thesis aims to summarize the results obtained so far about the appropriateness of this treatment in patients with systemic mastocytosis, side-effects during VIT, optimal dosing schedule and duration of treatment in these patients.
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"Pathogenic peptides to enhance treatment of glioblastoma: evaluation of RVG-29 from rabies virus and chlorotoxin from scorpion venom." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.54861.
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abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive and deadly late stage tumor that develops from abnormal astrocytes in the brain. With few improvements in treatment over many decades, median patient survival is only 15 months and the 5-year survival rate hovers at 6%. Numerous challenges are encountered in the development of treatments for GBM. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a primary obstacle due to its innate ability to prevent unwanted molecules, such as most chemotherapeutics, from entering the brain tissue and reaching malignant cells. The GBM cells themselves serve as a second obstacle, having a high level of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. This characteristic improves the probability of a population of cells to have resistance to treatment, which ensures the survival of the tumor. Here, the development and testing of two different modes of therapy for treating GBM is described. These therapeutics were enhanced by pathogenic peptides known to improve entry into brain tissue or to bind GBM cells to overcome the BBB and/or tumor cell heterogeneity. The first therapeutic utilizes a small peptide, RVG-29, derived from the rabies virus glycoprotein to improve brain-specific delivery of nanoparticles encapsulated with a small molecule payload. RVG-29-targeted nanoparticles were observed to reach the brain of healthy mice in higher concentrations 2 hours following intravenous injection compared to control particles. However, targeted camptothecin-loaded nanoparticles were not capable of producing significant treatment benefits compared to non-targeted particles in an orthotopic mouse model of GBM. Peptide degradation following injection was shown to be a likely cause for reduced treatment benefit. The second therapeutic utilizes chlorotoxin, a non-toxic 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion, expressed as a fusion to antibody fragments to enhance T cell recognition and killing of GBM. This candidate biologic, known as anti-CD3/chlorotoxin (ACDClx) is expressed as an insoluble protein in Nicotiana benthamiana and Escherichia coli and must be purified in denaturing and reducing conditions prior to being refolded. ACDClx was shown to selectively activate T cells only in the presence of GBM cells, providing evidence that further preclinical development of ACDClx as a GBM immunotherapy is warranted.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Biological Design 2019
Books on the topic "Venom immunotherapy"
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Wiese, Michael. Characterisation of Jack Jumper Ant Venom: Definition of the Allergic Components and Pharmaceutical Development of Myrmecia pilosula (Jack Jumper) Ant Venom for Immunotherapy. VDM Verlag, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Venom immunotherapy"
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Golden, David B. K. "Duration of Venom Immunotherapy." In Stinging Insect Allergy, 141–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46192-2_9.
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Jutel, Marek, Mübeccel Akdis, Kurt Blaser, and Cezmi A. Akdis. "Anaphylaxis: Are Regulatory T Cells the Target of Venom Immunotherapy?" In Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention, 325–34. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_19.
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Pesek, Robbie, and Richard F. Lockey. "Adverse Reactions to Skin Testing and Immunotherapy with Hymenoptera Venoms and Whole-Body Extracts." In Stinging Insect Allergy, 125–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46192-2_8.
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Müller, Ulrich, David B. K. Golden, Richard F. Lockey, and Byol Shin. "Immunotherapy for Hymenoptera Venom Hypersensitivity." In Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy, 401–15. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16539-29.
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"Immunotherapy for Hymenoptera Venom Hypersensitivity." In Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy, 395–410. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781420061987-29.
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Dubois, Anthony. "Loveless and wasp-venom immunotherapy." In Landmark Papers in Allergy, 94–96. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199651559.003.0028.
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"Immunotherapy for Hymenoptera Venom and Biting Insect Hypersensitivity." In Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy, 566–85. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14399-32.
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"Evaluation of successful Duration of venom immunotherapy (Table 10.5) immunotherapy." In Essentials of Allergy, 164–67. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203213155-30.
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Lockey, Richard F. "Immunotherapy for venom allergy comes of age." In Landmark Papers in Allergy, 159–61. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199651559.003.0048.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Venom immunotherapy"
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Chang, H., A. Astolfi, and H. Shim. "A control theoretic approach to venom immunotherapy with state jumps." In 2010 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626304.
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Puebla Villaescusa, A., A. Murgadella Sancho, L. Losa López, B. Gracia García, and N. San Juan Martinez. "6ER-005 Effectiveness of omalizumab and bee venom immunotherapy combination: case report." In 25th EAHP Congress, 25th–27th March 2020, Gothenburg, Sweden. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-eahpconf.440.
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