Journal articles: 'Vehicle Body Design'

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Wang, Li Xia, Tian Feng Zhao, Jian Bo Cao, Ji Feng Shen, Yan Bin Xiao, and Ze Xin Zhou. "Design of Body Structure for New Type Lightweight Electric Vehicle." Key Engineering Materials 620 (August 2014): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.620.335.

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Considering the efficient use of energy and environmental pollution, people's lives tend to energy saving and environmental protection, and energy saving electric vehicles has gradually been widely used. Through combining theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, system design and experimental validation, based on studying electric vehicle body design principles, the experiment optimized electric vehicle body design, and reduced the weight of the vehicle effectively. Its performance becomes more advanced, and the application becomes more economical and safe. By using Solidworks software, lightweight electric vehicle body structure of two-dimensional design and three-dimensional modeling was built to reach practical requirements. The body structure design is original and simple, which has good practical value.

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Liao, Jun, and Yan Feng. "Simulation Analysis of Stiffness of Automotive Joint." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.812.

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In order to evaluate the reliability of vehicle design and vehicle safety performance, analysis software is applied to establish the analysis model of automotive joint stiffness; Body joint stiffness of design vehicles and benchmark vehicles; Reasonable and feasibility of body joint stiffness of design vehicles are verified by comparison.

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Hur, Deog‐jae, and Dong‐chan Lee. "Multidisciplinary Optimal Design Concept for Vehicle Body Structural Design." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 1, no. 1 (January 2005): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573611054455139.

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Hur, Deog-jae, and Dong-chan Lee. "Multidisciplinary Optimal Design Concept for Vehicle Body Structural Design." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 1, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157361105774537242.

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Schulte, Joseph, Mark Kocherovsky, Nicholas Paul, Mitchell Pleune, and Chan-Jin Chung. "Autonomous Human-Vehicle Leader-Follower Control Using Deep-Learning-Driven Gesture Recognition." Vehicles 4, no. 1 (March 9, 2022): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles4010016.

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Leader-follower autonomy (LFA) systems have so far only focused on vehicles following other vehicles. Though there have been several decades of research into this topic, there has not yet been any work on human-vehicle leader-follower systems in the known literature. We present a system in which an autonomous vehicle—our ACTor 1 platform—can follow a human leader who controls the vehicle through hand-and-body gestures. We successfully developed a modular pipeline that uses artificial intelligence/deep learning to recognize hand-and-body gestures from a user in view of the vehicle’s camera and translate those gestures into physical action by the vehicle. We demonstrate our work using our ACTor 1 platform, a modified Polaris Gem 2. Results show that our modular pipeline design reliably recognizes human body language and translates the body language into LFA commands in real time. This work has numerous applications such as material transport in industrial contexts.

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Oţăt, Oana Victoria, Ilie Dumitru, Victor Oţăt, Dragos Tutunea, and Lucian Matei. "An Applied Study on the Influence of the Vehicle Body Shape on Air Resistance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 896 (February 2020): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.896.141.

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The current high-geared developments within the automotive sector have triggered a series of performance, comfort, safety and design-related issues. Hence, oftentimes manufacturers are challenged to combine various elements so as to achieve an attractive design, without diminishing the vehicle’s dynamic performance. Under the circumstances, the shape of the vehicle body becomes the key element that connects the design component with the performance requirement, since it directly influences the value of the resistance forces, and, respectively the air resistance. Aerodynamics is the branch of mechanical engineering that deals with the movement of gases (especially the air) and their effects on fluids. As far as the automotive sector is concerned, aerodynamics focuses mainly on the flow of the air currents over the vehicle body. When designing vehicle, the positive or negative displacement of the airflow is studied in aerodynamic tunnels. It is preferable for the negative displacement to push the vehicle as close to the ground as possible. In what follows we set out to study the influence of the drag coefficient and, implicitly, of the air resistance on vehicle performance. Hence, we will carry out comparative analysis of two vehicles with similar technical characteristics, but with different bodies, i.e. a hatchback and a sedan. The results obtained are then compared both by means of the analytical determination of the air resistance and via a simulation performed within the Virtual Crash software platform. The results recorded show that of the two vehicles, with the considered aerodynamic coefficients, hatchback type vehicle displays lower values in terms of air resistance.

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Dong, Lili, Gouhui Liu, Xin Ye, and Wei Wang. "Study on the Design of Container Highway and Railway Automatic Transfer Vehicle in Ocean Port." Polish Maritime Research 25, s3 (December 1, 2018): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2018-0106.

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Abstract To realize “seamless” connection of ocean port container multimodal transport, efficiently carry out “door-to-door” transport of ocean port containers and overcome the shortcomings of existing highway and railway vehicles, this study takes the standard for heavy-duty container vehicles in TB1335-1996 Railway Vehicle Strength Design and Test Identification Code as the design basis and designs a new ocean port container transport vehicle in combination with automatic guidance technology. This study innovatively designs the automatic lifting system of the bogie and the docking part of the vehicle, introduces the automatic guidance technology and the remote-control technology to optimize the car body structure, and uses the SAP software to carry out the finite element analysis of the car body load capacity and Flexsim software to carry out the simulation analysis on the operation of vehicles. The designed transfer vehicle can improve the transfer efficiency of ocean port containers, reduce the transit time of field and station equipment and container transport links, and improve the level of multimodal transport and comprehensive economic benefits.

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Tunç, Birkan, and Polat Şendur. "A new methodology to determine the design sensitivity of critical automotive body joints for basic design cycle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 10 (October 3, 2018): 2559–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018800584.

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As a result of more stringent requirements for improved fuel economy and emissions, there has been an increasing research activity to make vehicles lighter weight under some predetermined structural performance targets such as the stiffness of the vehicle body. The vehicle body structure is one of the most significant contributors to the weight of an automotive. Therefore, understanding the automotive joint properties on vehicle body performance is of significant importance as they are closely linked to structural integrity and weight of the vehicle body. In this paper, we develop a new methodology to quantify the sensitivity of critical joints of an automotive on the key performance indices. Torsional stiffness is chosen as static key performance index, while vehicle body modes are selected as dynamic key performance indices. Lower and upper sections of the A-pillar, B-pillar, C-pillar, and D-pillar of an automotive body are replaced by bushing elements having appropriate stiffness properties in the simplified model. Stiffness of bushing elements is tuned by minimizing the error between the original and simplified models on the aforementioned key performance indices. Once a satisfactory correlation is achieved between the simple model and the original model, bushing stiffness for each section is varied to determine the sensitivity of each joint. The proposed approach is demonstrated on a finite element model of 2010 Toyota Yaris. Finally, a design study is presented to improve the body key performance indices using the sensitivity results. The simulation results show that the methodology has a potential for the basic design cycle, where the targets for section properties need to be defined and at later design cycles, where the joints can be realized in design using the sensitivity of joints resulting in more efficient body structure considering the trade-offs between structural integrity and weight.

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Li, Y.-B., G.-L. Chen, X.-M. Lai, S. Jin, and Y.-F. Xing. "Knowledge-based vehicle body conceptual assembly design." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 222, no. 2 (February 2008): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto535.

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Suchánek, Andrej, Mária Loulová, and Jozef Harušinec. "Evaluation of passenger riding comfort of a rail vehicle by means dynamic simulations." MATEC Web of Conferences 254 (2019): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925403009.

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Dynamical analysis plays a key role in development and optimalization of rail vehicles. The article deals with simulation analysis of a rail vehicle with an active tilting system of the vehicle body, design of the rail vehicle in CAD program CATIA and dynamical analysis in program SIMPACK, with the RAIL expansion. Such body mounting on vehicle bogies is significantly more complicated than the design of conventional rail vehicles. The purpose of this type of body mounting is to increase the size of body tilt during ride in a curve and thus reduce the lateral unbalanced acceleration affecting the passengers, or allow higher driving speed in a curve with the same radius while keeping the lateral acceleration value respectively. Eight variants of different velocity, vehicle occupancy and setting of the tilting mechanism were analyzed. We determined the average value of passenger comfort from the simulation results. We have determined the value of passenger comfort during the ride in a curve from the simulation results.

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Winarto, Muhammad Juliansyah, Lalu Saefullah, and Willem Loe Mau. "The DESIGN OF FIBER METAL LAMINATE AS A BODY MATERIAL WITH CARBON FIBER METHOD." Jurnal Otoranpur 2, Oktober (October 27, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54317/oto.v2ioktober.192.

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The combat vehicles that Indonesia Army belong to most of the materials are steel, for example the armored vehicle anoa 6x6. Steel material is used as a fire protection on the vehicle, it will greatly affect the performance of the vehicle. It is caused the steel material has a high density, which is around 7750 kg/m3to 8050 kg/m3. So, with a large enough volume of the vehicle body, it will increase the burden of the vehicle. As well as the engine load will increase, and more power is needed to be able to move the vehicle. Seeing these problems, it is necessary to have a research or study on alternative materials to replace the body of a combat vehicle that can withstand fire from opposing weapons that cause personnel to be injured. In this study, experimental and simulation methods were used using the ansys application to analyze the strength of the composite material in the form of an aluminum layer that had been treated to increase the hardness value. Furthermore, it is coated with a composite material using a carbon fiber matrix of epoxy, HGM and polyurethane. The coating material is called Fiber Metal Laminate (FML), so the material used has a lighter density, the load received by the vehicle engine is lighter, and the performance of the vehicle will be more effective and efficient.

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Kral, Jan, Miroslav Palko, Maroš Palko, and Ludmila Pavlikova. "Design and development of ultra-light front and rear axle of experimental vehicle." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0032.

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AbstractShell Eco-marathon is an international competition to develop a vehicle with the lowest fuel consumption. The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University in Košice has been involved in this competition for 25 years, during which it developed 8 vehicles. For vehicles are important not only low fuel consumption but also high safety. In addition to the low aerodynamic drag of the vehicle, the low weight of the vehicle is important to achieve low fuel consumption. This is achieved by using ultra-light and solid materials in all parts of the vehicle. The latest generation vehicle uses a self-supporting body, which has increased requirements for front and rear stiffness, as discussed in this article.

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Li, Luhang, Lin Xu, Hao Cui, Mohamed A. A. Abdelkareem, Zihao Liu, and Jingyu Chen. "Validation and Optimization of Suspension Design for Testing Platform Vehicle." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 3, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7963517.

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With the application and popularization of the advanced driving assistance system (ADAS), the reliability and stability of ADAS have become its research focus. This article presents a car testing framework for ADAS reliability and stability. Its special suspension has been designed, verified, and optimized in real vehicles according to its working conditions. First, the structure and working principle of the testing platform vehicle are introduced. Then a simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink based on the dynamic equation to verify the working characteristics of the suspension. Experimental vehicle tests are conducted for simulation verification purposes. During the analysis, the root-mean-square (RMS) values of vehicle body displacement and dynamic tire deflection are considered evaluation indices. The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to optimize the damping, stiffness, and installation position of the suspension system. The findings demonstrate that the specially designed suspension in this article can fulfill the test criteria. Compared with the optimized suspension performance, both the vehicle body displacement and dynamic tire deflection have decreased roughly by 17 and 40%, respectively, which significantly improves the suspension performance and provides a reference for the future designs of testing platform vehicles.

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SAKAI, Youichi. "Multi body simulation applied to vehicle dynamics design." Reference Collection of Annual Meeting 2004.8 (2004): 370–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjsm.2004.8.0_370.

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., K. Somasundaram. "DESIGN OF PASSENGERS VEHICLE BODY ON FIRE ACCIDENTS." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 23 (June 25, 2014): 192–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0323042.

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Nazaruddin, Syafri, and Yudi Saputra. "Body Shape Selection of "Bono Kampar" For Urban Concept Student Car Formula to Fulfill Indonesian Energy-Saving Standards (“KMHE”) with Aerodynamic Analysis." CFD Letters 12, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.12.12.104114.

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The body shape of a vehicle and the structure need to be considered when designing a vehicle. In addition, the shape of the body tends to significantly affect the vehicle's energy use to counter aerodynamic forces due to wind loads. Therefore, this research aims to determine the body length, width, height, wheel base and ground clearance of vehicles in the selection of Bono Kampar for Urban Concept Car Formula to Fulfill Indonesia Energy-Savings Standards (“KMHE”) with Aerodynamics Analysis. The methods used to create four models of vehicle bodies are dynamic simulation on Computational Fluid Dynamic software are coefficient drag, lift and bland force. The result showed that the car body design needs to have the smallest drag coefficient. This is because when vehicles have a large drag coefficient value, it tends to greatly influence its efficiency or performance. Furthermore, this is useful for minimizing fuel usage, and in allowing the vehicle to reduce the friction force caused by air while driving. The Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software is used to obtain drag coefficients, which is used in Solid works Flow Simulation. From aerodynamic simulation results on four alternative car bodies carried out in this study, the smallest Cd (Coefficient Drag) is the second car body model, which has Drag Coefficient (Cd) of 0.21 Pa.

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Liu, Jing, Zidan Xu, Yimin Shao, Chunlong Deng, Xiaohua Song, and Gongliang Jiang. "An optimization design method for a body mounting system of a heavy vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 233, no. 7 (December 17, 2017): 1352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420717748971.

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Noise, vibration, and harshness is one of the main issues of heavy vehicles since their working conditions are very complex and tough. However, most previous works were focused on the optimization design methods of the engine mounting system and few works were reported to study those of the body mounting system. In practice, the body mounting system can significantly affect the noise, vibration, and harshness performance of the vehicle. An inappropriate body mounting system can produce unacceptable noise, vibration, and harshness performance and even result in serious accidents. To overcome this issue, an optimization design method for a body mounting system of a heavy vehicle is proposed to investigate the effect of the body mounting system on the noise, vibration, and harshness performance. Based on the geometrics of the vehicle body, the initial material parameters, shapes, and sizes of the rubber absorber of the body mounting system are determined by the vibration transmissibility ratio and static deformation ratio from an analytical method in the literature. The von Mises stresses of the initial rubber absorber cases from a static finite element analysis are used to select the optimal rubber absorber cases. A multibody dynamic method is proposed to validate the noise, vibration, and harshness performance of the optimal rubber absorber cases. The results show that the presented optimization design method for the body mounting system can be used to optimize the noise, vibration, and harshness performance of the heavy vehicles.

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Hafemann, Philipp, Manuel Daumoser, and Markus Lienkamp. "PARAMETRIC MODELLING OF THE EXTERIOR DESIGN OF AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLES." Proceedings of the Design Society 3 (June 19, 2023): 2875–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2023.288.

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AbstractAutonomous vehicles for the last mile are a promising use case for advancing autonomous driving in real-world traffic. For this purpose, traditional car manufacturers and newcomer companies develop a new vehicle concept: the autonomous shuttle. During the development, components from the automation domain, such as the sensors, must be placed and integrated into the vehicle body. The trade-offs between the functional performance of the perception and the exterior design must be evaluated early in the design process. For this purpose, a model of the vehicle exterior is needed. In this contribution, we present a method for parametric modeling of the vehicle exterior of autonomous shuttles. We define 17 input parameters and use computer-aided design to create a virtual model of the body and the wheelhouses. In the results, we validate our method by ensuring that existing shuttles can be modeled with our approach and also analyze the limitations. The model supports decision-making in the early design phase by enabling quick iterations between sensor placement and exterior design.

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Raman, Sekhar Raghu, Ka-Wai (Eric) Cheng, Xiang-Dang Xue, Yat-Chi Fong, and Simon Cheung. "Hybrid Energy Storage System with Vehicle Body Integrated Super-Capacitor and Li-Ion Battery: Model, Design and Implementation, for Distributed Energy Storage." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 12, 2021): 6553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206553.

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In this paper, a distributed energy storage design within an electric vehicle for smarter mobility applications is introduced. Idea of body integrated super-capacitor technology, design concept and its implementation is proposed in the paper. Individual super-capacitor cells are connected in series or parallel to form a string connection of super-capacitors with the associated management unit to form a panel. These super-capacitor panels are shaped to fit the alternative concept of vehicle design, and it solves the design issues and prepares for configurable electric vehicles. Body integration of super-capacitors enhances the acceleration, and regenerative braking performances of the electric vehicle increases the operating life of the Li-ion battery and improves space utilization by giving more area for the main energy source, the Li-ion battery. Integrating super-capacitor into the car body involves special packaging technology to minimize space and promotes distributed energy storage within a vehicle. This pioneering design encourages future configurable electric vehicles. Model of both the Li-ion battery and the super-capacitor employed is studied with its series internal resistance determined at various C-rates. Loss and the efficiency analysis of the bi-directional converter, traits of body integrated super-capacitors system and control of the interleaved bi-directional converter to regulate the power-sharing in the hybrid energy storage system is presented.

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Haryanto, Ismoyo, Achmad Widodo, Ibrahim Satya, Gunawan Dwi Haryadi, Ojo Kurdi, Bentang Arief Budiman, and Sigit Puji Santosa. "Development of Conceptual Design for Electric Bus Body Structure Using Simple Structural Surface Method." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation Technology 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31427/ijstt.2021.4.1.3.

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An optimum design for a vehicle structure is always desired because the structure can significantly affect the vehicle's performance. However, some complex iterations are usually involved in the designing process. The objective of the present study is to implement the Simple Structural Surfaces (SSS) method for analyzing electric bus body structure that can reduce complexity in the stage of conceptual design. The SSS method model the vehicle structure as several planar sheets and determine the forces in each sheet. Implementing the SSS method at the early stage of the vehicle's development can minimize the number of parameter changes needed during the late stage of development. The results showed that compared with the results obtained from FEM, the SSS method gave the maximum stress value on the chassis in good accordance. Yet, the downside of using this method is that determining the deflections in the structure becomes a little bit complicated. Successfully implementing this strategy can reduce the time and cost required to develop an effective vehicle structure.

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Chikhalkar, Yash. "Chassis Design of Self- Propelled Onion Harvester." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (April 30, 2023): 3915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51100.

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bstract: SAE TIFAN is an intercollegiate competition organized by Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) to design, build and Agriculture harvesting vehicles. Chassis is an important part of the vehicle that supports the body and other different parts of the vehicle. It also surrounds and protects the occupant in case ofimpact and roll over incidents and also gives the aesthetics of the vehicle. The paper deals with selection of material and cross section forthe chassis and analysing the frame design for different loading conditions to predict whetherit will survive various impact scenarios using ANSYS workbench. The chassis design will be based on SAE TIFAN India 2021 rule book taking safety and other aspects into account. The results from these simulations indicate that the frame is safe enough for the variety ofworst-case scenarios tested

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Hu, Yuanhe, Kun Yang, Hao Chen, and Jiangbo Wang. "Simulation and Optimization of Body Structure of Electric Vehicles with Offset Collision." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2095, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2095/1/012030.

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Abstract In recent years, as the rapid growth of the number of electric vehicles, people have more and more requirements on the safety performance of vehicles. However, compared with fuel vehicles, the structure of electric vehicles has its own particularity which makes the safety design of body structure more difficult. Thus, improving the passive safety of electric vehicles and protecting the passengers from injury in the collision to the greatest extent have become important issues for the automotive industry. This paper simulates the frontal offset impact simulation analysis of a certain type of SUV, and analyzes the safety performance of the vehicle from the perspective of member protection. The front side member structure and impact energy absorption which affect the passive safety of the whole vehicle are optimized and improved. The finite element model of the whole vehicle is rebuilt, and the frontal offset impact simulation test is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the optimization scheme.

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Bhavnani, S. H. "Design and Construction of a Solar-Electric Vehicle." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 116, no. 1 (February 1, 1994): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930061.

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Recent concerns relating to global warming caused by greenhouse gases, coupled with a growing awareness of the limited available resources of fossil fuels, have spurred an interest in alternative energy powered vehicles. This paper describes the analysis, development, and testing of an aerodynamic vehicle powered by photovoltaic cells. The primary components of the vehicle are the composite material body, the aluminum space frame, the wheel hubs and front suspension assembly, the drive train, and the electrical system. The frame was designed using finite element analysis with the components of the frame modeled as beam elements. The body, designed to have a very high strength-to-weight ratio, was of graphite/Kevlar/Nomex sandwich construction. Testing was carried out using the three-point bend test to determine the optimal sandwich cross-sectional configuration. The design of the front suspension, the wheel hubs, and the power transmission are also discussed. The electrical system, based on a monocrystalline photovoltaic cell assembly, and silver-zinc storage cells, is also described. Finally, results of the optimization routine developed are also described.

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Hosseini, Mohammad Khalaj Amir, Omid Omidi, Ali Meghdari, and Gholamreza Vossoughi. "A Composite Rigid Body Algorithm for Modeling and Simulation of an Underwater Vehicle Equipped With Manipulator Arms." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 128, no. 2 (August 23, 2005): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2185682.

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In this paper, modeling and simulation of an underwater vehicle equipped with manipulator arms, using a composite rigid body algorithm, will be discussed. Because of the increasing need for unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) in oil and gas projects in the Persian Gulf, for doing operations such as inspection of offshore jackets, subsea pipelines, and submarine cables, and also pre-installation survey and post-laid survey of submarine pipelines and cables, design and construction of “SROV” was developed in Sharif University of Technology, and at the design stage behavior of the underwater vehicles was studied. In this paper, an efficient dynamic simulation algorithm is developed for an UUV equipped with m manipulators so that each of them has N degrees of freedom. In addition to the effects of the mobile base, the various hydrodynamic forces exerted on these systems in an underwater environment are also incorporated into the simulation. The effects modeled in this work are added mass, viscous drag, fluid acceleration, and buoyancy forces. For drag forces, the emphasis here is on the modeling of the pressure drag. Recent advances in underwater position and velocity sensing enable real-time centimeter-precision position measurements of underwater vehicles. With these advances in position sensing, our ability to precisely control the hovering and low-speed trajectory of an underwater vehicle is limited principally by our understanding of the vehicle’s dynamics and the dynamics of the bladed thrusters commonly used to actuate dynamically positioned marine vehicles. So the dynamics of thrusters are developed and an appropriate mapping matrix dependent on the position and orientation of the thrusters on the vehicle is used to calculate resultant forces and moments of the thrusters on the center of gravity of the vehicle. It should be noted that hull-propeller and propeller-propeller interactions are considered in the modeling too. Finally, the results of the simulations, for an underwater vehicle equipped with 1 two degrees of freedom manipulator, are presented and discussed in detail.

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Xiao, Qian, Wei-nian Guo, Li-ting Yang, Sheng-tong Zhou, and Dao-yun Chen. "Design and topology optimization of air conditioning suspension bracket for metro." Science Progress 103, no. 4 (October 2020): 003685042098061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420980617.

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During the operation of subway vehicles, the vibration of air conditioning units is mainly transmitted to the vehicle body through the suspension support, which seriously affects the stability and comfort of the vehicle during operation. Therefore, the design and optimization of the suspension support of air conditioning units has become a hot topic in the research of the dynamic characteristics of subway vehicles. In this paper, the rigid and flexible coupling dynamic model of metro is firstly calculated to simulate the stress of the suspension point of air conditioning of the vehicle body when the vehicle is running. The initial structure design of the suspension support is carried out, and the stress of the air conditioning suspension point is taken as the load input to analyze the stiffness and strength of the initial structure of the suspension support. Then, the fatigue life is taken as the topology constraint, and the variable density method (SIMP) is used to optimize the topology of the suspension bracket. Finally, the optimized suspension support is validated. The results show that after topological optimization, the maximum displacement and maximum stress of the suspension support under vertical, horizontal, and vertical loads are reduced by 80%, 93%, and 99%, respectively, compared with the original structure model, and the maximum stress under vertical loads is reduced by 50%.

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Park, Sang Hyun, Maolin Jin, Young-Ryul Kim, Doik Kim, Jun-Sik Kim, Dong Bin Shin, and Jinho Suh. "Vehicle Body Design of Armored Robot for Complex Disaster." Journal of Korea Robotics Society 13, no. 4 (November 30, 2018): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7746/jkros.2018.13.4.248.

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Deb, Anindya, Clifford C. Chou, Utpal Dutta, and Srinivas Gunti. "Practical Versus RSM-Based MDO in Vehicle Body Design." SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems 5, no. 1 (April 16, 2012): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-0098.

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Hong, Seungwoo, Sungjoon Park, Eui S. Jung, Jeongpil Choi, and Youngtaek Oh. "3-D Korean Body Typing for Vehicle Interior Design." Japanese journal of ergonomics 42 (2006): 572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.42.supplement_572.

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Hou, Shu Juan, Duo Dong, and Li Li Ren. "Crashworthiness Design of Vehicle Body Based on Factorial Screening." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 1227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.1227.

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Crashworthiness is one of the most important characteristics in automobile design, which is inflected by a large number of different factors, the influences of all these factors on crashworthiness are not identical. In order to screen the factors which influence the crashworthiness of the automobile most remarkablely, the graphics analysis method of the unreplicated saturated factorial design was employed. It is more and more widely used in the screening of factors because of its huge benefit in economic and the technical reason. The paper applied half-normal probability plot method to get the active and sensitive factors, and D-optimal design was employed to choose design sample points. The full quadratic polynomial approximation model was used to construct the response surface model of the internal energy. Finally, Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm was utilized to obtain the optimal solution of the multivariable crashworthiness optimization of the vehicle body under the full-scale frontal impact load.

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Hou, Wenbin, Chunlai Shan, Ping Hu, and Hongzhe Zhang. "Multilevel optimisation method for vehicle body in conceptual design." International Journal of Vehicle Design 73, no. 1/2/3 (2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2017.082589.

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Zhang, Hongzhe, Wenbin Hou, Chunlai Shan, and Ping Hu. "Multilevel optimisation method for vehicle body in conceptual design." International Journal of Vehicle Design 73, no. 1/2/3 (2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2017.10003407.

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Bosso, Nicola, Antonio Gugliotta, and Nicolò Zampieri. "Design and Simulation of a Railway Vehicle for the Transport of People with Reduced Mobility." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9207639.

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One of the most important aspects of the design activity of passenger railway vehicles is the optimization of the comfort level that is often in contrast with other requirements, such as low weight, to reduce energy consumption, and high and flexible seating capacity. Due to the coach weight reduction, the car body structure becomes more susceptible to structural vibrations that affect the passenger comfort. In modern vehicles, seats are important elements to achieve the desired comfort, but in order to design and estimate the actual comfort level, the whole system must be considered, including the track excitations, a vehicle detailed dynamic model, and the coach and the seat flexibility. This paper describes a numerical model of a double-deck vehicle developed using a MB code that considers measured track irregularities, a detailed vehicle model, and a transfer function of the seat obtained by experimental tests on an optimized seat. In order to make the numerical model more realistic, the coach has been modeled as a flexible body to consider the effect of its natural frequencies. The work has been performed within the “CARITAS” project, whose aim is the design of a high comfort vehicle for people with reduced mobility.

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Yang, Jia, and Li Jun Qiu. "Design and Analysis of Vehicle Berth." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.661.

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Design of motor sleeping berth is to solve two problems. One is to solve the structure design of sleeping berth. The other is to solve the comfort design of sleeping berth. Now the problems of coach sleeper design is to pursuit the berth quantity . Ride comfort for passengers was neglected. Using a limited body space is correct, but should also consider the ride comfort. Design of sleeping berth should be combined with the passenger ride comfort level and berth number. Sleeping berth structure and arrangement is the basis of design. Longitudinally aligned and laterally aligned is the two installed ways of sleeping berth in a vehicle body. The sleeping berth is two layer. The height between two berth is determined by the riding comfort. Sleeper between Staggered heights between sleeping berth were used as a pillow and foot position location. The same layer sleeping berth is alternately up and down position to solve the pillow and foot position height problem. Reducing the height of pillow position is lying to.Increaseing the height of foot position makes the human foot to spread. Each sleeping berth is provided with a small goods stowed position. Passengers carrying small articles can be stored securely.

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Bose, V. Chandra, V. Rajasimman, R. Gokul Prabu, and K. Har Govind. "Design and Manufacturing of Leaf and Coil Suspension." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.291.

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The suspension system of an automobile separates the wheel/axle assembly from the body. The primary function of the suspension system is to isolate the vehicle structure from shocks and vibration due to irregularities of the road surface and to maintain contact with the surface thereby providing traction and control. Leaf spring is the preferred type of suspension system in almost all light and heavy commercial and transport vehicles. Leaf spring used in many vehicles due to having some main characteristics which are economical construction, uniformly distributed load, simple assembly in the vehicle and forgiving on use in rough terrain. In this paper we would like to take a look on the leaf spring, its design parameters and analysis. The paper is based on material selection, designing, experimental testing and load analysis etc.

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Jeon, JaeHyeok, Haeseong Cho, Younghwan Kim, JunHee Lee, DuHyun Gong, SangJoon Shin, and Chongam Kim. "Design and analysis of the link mechanism for the flapping wing MAV using flexible multi-body dynamic analysis." International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles 9, no. 4 (February 9, 2017): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756829316682148.

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Recently, there has been an increase in the research on flapping wing vehicles which mimic biological motions. One result has been the flapping wing micro-aerial vehicle. In this paper, the design requirements for flapping wing micro-aerial vehicles were established through an analysis with the unsteady blade element theory. Then, based on the flapping wing micro-aerial vehicle design requirements, a flapping wing mechanism using a pair of six-bar linkage was devised. Moreover, several candidates for the present mechanism were analyzed using a flexible multi-body dynamic analysis to ensure the structural appropriateness of the mechanism. By completing such procedures, the performance of the present mechanism could be evaluated. A detailed design was then conducted. The structural analysis of the present mechanism was conducted regarding its flapping operation in a vacuum. The resulting von Mises stresses in the linkage were targeted to be smaller than the yield stresses of the chosen material. Next, additional details of the design and an experiment on the present flapping wing micro-aerial vehicle were conducted to validate its performance.

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Zhu, Tao, Shou-Ne Xiao, Guang-Zhong Hu, Guang-Wu Yang, and Chao Yang. "CRASHWORTHINESS ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF METRO VEHICLES CONSTRUCTED FROM TYPICAL MATERIALS AND THE LUMPED PARAMETER MODEL OF FRONTAL IMPACT." Transport 34, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.7552.

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This paper establishes a Finite Element (FE) model of a rigid barrier impact of a single vehicle constructed from carbon steel, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy, which are three typical materials used in metro vehicle car body structures. The different responses of the three materials during the collision are compared. According to the energy absorption, velocity, deformation and collision force flow characteristics of each vehicle, the relationship between the energy absorption ratio of the vehicle body and the energy absorption ratio of its key components is proposed. Based on the collision force flow distribution proportion of each component, the causes of the key components’ deformation are analysed in detail. The internal relationship between the deformation, energy absorption and impact force of the key components involved in a car body collision is elucidated. By determining the characteristic parameters describing the vehicle’s dynamic stiffness, a metro vehicle frontal impact model using lumped parameters is established that provides a simple and efficient conceptual design method for railway train safety design. These research results can be used to guide the design of railway trains for structural crashworthiness.

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Susanto, Roni Muhammad, Taufik Nurrochman, Suroto Munahar, and Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan. "Design and Application of Electronic Tracking Control Systems (ETCS) to Improve Vehicle Safety." Automotive Experiences 2, no. 3 (October 13, 2019): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ae.v2i3.2766.

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Fuel and chemical cargo are essential tools for national security. There is the potential for fire and environmental pollution when occurring an accident such as a collision or overturning. On the other hand, cases of cargo theft are also reported frequently. Currently, preventive efforts are carried out by attaching warnings to the vehicle body with stickers, but it is a passive method. Therefore, this article presents a design and application for monitoring vehicles in real-time with Electronic Tracking Control Systems (ETCS). If the vehicle speed is more than 60 km/hour, ECTS will send an SMS to the vehicle owner about the speed and location of the vehicle being monitored. With ETCS, vehicle accidents and misuse can be minimized by quick monitoring and communication between the owner and the driver.

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An, Tong, JianHua Wang, YuLong Pan, and HaiShan Chen. "A Low-Order Partial Integrated Guidance and Control Scheme for Diving Hypersonic Vehicles to Impact Ground Maneuver Target." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (September 7, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7407739.

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In this article, a low-order partial integrated guidance and control (PIGC) design method is proposed for diving hypersonic vehicles to impact ground maneuver target. A three-channel analytical model of body rates is deduced based on acceleration components of the hypersonic vehicle. By combining the analytical model of body rates and relative dynamic model between the hypersonic vehicle and target, three-channel commands of body rates are directly generated based on the extended state observer (ESO) technique, sliding mode control approach, and dynamic surface control theory in the guidance subsystem. In the attitude control subsystem, a sliding mode controller is designed to track the commands of body rates and generate commands of control surface fin deflections. By making full use of acceleration information of the hypersonic vehicle measured by the mounted accelerometer, the proposed PIGC design method provides a novel solution to compensate the unknown acceleration of the ground maneuver target. Besides, the order of design model is also reduced, and the design process is simplified. The effectiveness and robustness of the PIGC design method are verified and discussed by 6DOF simulation studies.

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Zhang, Yong Lin, Wei Feng Guo, Yun Qing Zhang, and Qun Yu. "Study on the Integrated Modeling of the Entire Rider-Vehicle-Road System." Key Engineering Materials 439-440 (June 2010): 1328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.439-440.1328.

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The demands of high-quality dynamic performance and short development time for vehicle production can only be fulfilled by the application of advanced design, simulation and optimization technologies. Virtual prototyping (VP), the analysis and simulation technology based on a fully developed computer model, represents a future way for cost and time efficient design of vehicles and can perform the same as those on the physical prototyping. This paper describes an integrated modeling method, based on the topological structure of a heavy vehicle and oriented to ride dynamics, of a human-vehicle-road system. A multi-body simulation model was chosen as the integration platform for the virtual prototyping since it provided the flexibility to integrate all relevant aspects such as rigid body movement, road-induced vibration and the driver’s responses to the vibration. The time domain model of the stochastic excitation from the road irregularities was numerically reconstructed as input data to VP and the feeling evaluation model in time domain, equivalent to conditional frequency evaluation, was used to the vehicle’s riding comfort simulation. Through integrating the sub-models in VP and combining the data of the sub-models it became possible to predict dynamic performance of vehicles by virtual prototyping technology.

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Jia, Weiwei, Weizhou Zhang, Fangwu Ma, and Liang Wu. "Attitude Control of Vehicle Based on Series Active Suspensions." Actuators 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act12020067.

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When vehicles with traditional passive suspension systems are driving in complex terrain, large swing and vibrations of the car body make passengers and goods uncomfortable and unstable, even at very low-speed conditions. Considering the actual need for intelligent resource exploration in the sustainable economy, visual-based perception and localization systems of unmanned vehicles still cannot handle the sensor noise coursed by large body motions. In order to improve the stability and safety of vehicles in complex terrain, an attitude control system is proposed for mainly eliminating the external body motions of the vehicle by using series active suspensions. A model predictive control method considered the differences between the simulated and real vehicle, and the performance restrictions of actuators are used to design the attitude controller for reducing the heaving, pitching, and rolling motions of the vehicle. After simulations and real car tests, the results show that the proposed attitude controller can significantly improve the attitude stability of vehicles in harsh terrain.

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Alijani, Majid, Marhamat Zeinali, and Nowrouz Mohammad Nouri. "Designing of the body shape of an autonomous underwater vehicle using the design of experiments method." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 18 (December 30, 2018): 6307–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218820884.

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The process of designing autonomous underwater vehicles comprises several steps, including the designing of the body shape. The hydrodynamic designing of the body shape is a major step in designing the body of an underwater vehicle. The effective parameters in the hydrodynamic design of body shape include the lengths of nose and tail, nose and tail profiles, and also the dimensions of the blunt sections in front of the nose and behind the tail. In the present study, the design of experiments method has been employed to investigate the effect of each of the above parameters on the drag coefficient of an autonomous underwater vehicle body. For this purpose, in addition to introducing the body classes of the Hydrolab family of underwater vehicles, the numerical simulation results of fluid flow over the body of a Hydrolab500 AUV have been used for the design of experiments. In the first step, an experiment has been performed in water tunnel on a test model in order to validate the pressure profile for the body of Hydrolab500. The comparison between the empirical and numerical results related to Hydrolab500 body confirms the validity of the numerical approach used in this paper. The results of the present work show that the drag coefficient of an autonomous submersible in the final design can be accurately estimated with the help of the presented method.

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Sun, Yu, Jinsong Zhou, Dao Gong, Wenjing Sun, and Zhanghui Xia. "A New Vibration Absorber Design for Under-Chassis Device of a High-Speed Train." Shock and Vibration 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1523508.

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To realize the separation of vertical and lateral stiffness of the under-chassis device, a new type of vibration absorber is designed by using the negative stiffness of the disc spring in parallel with the rubber component. To solve its transmission characteristics, harmonic transfer method was used. A rigid-flexible coupling multibody dynamic model of a high-speed train with an elastic car body is established, and the vertical and lateral optimal stiffness of the under-chassis device are calculated. The Sperling index and acceleration PSD of the vehicle with the new vibration absorber and the vehicle with traditional rubber absorber are compared and analyzed. The results show that, with the new vibration absorber, vehicle’s running stability and vibration of the car body are more effective than the vehicle with the traditional rubber absorber.

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Kewley, D. "Aluminium Alloy Body Structures for Future Vehicles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Transport Engineering 201, no. 2 (April 1987): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1987_201_167_02.

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Koo, Sang. "An Observation on Vehicle Body Design Factor for Reducing Autonomous Vehicle Passengers Motion Sickness." Transaction of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7467/ksae.2021.29.1.093.

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Sharma, Sunil Kumar, Rakesh Chandmal Sharma, Yeongil Choi, and Jaesun Lee. "Experimental and Mathematical Study of Flexible–Rigid Rail Vehicle Riding Comfort and Safety." Applied Sciences 13, no. 9 (April 22, 2023): 5252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13095252.

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This paper analyses the dynamic behavior of a rail vehicle using experimental and simulation analysis on a multi-rigid–flex body model. The mathematical models are developed considering the car body, bogie frame, and wheel axle for rail vehicles of rigid–flexible and multi-rigid formulations, taking the car body as rigid for the rigid body analysis and the flexible car body for flex–rigid analysis. A finite element model of the car body was developed in ANSYS, and substructure and modal analyses were performed. The mathematical model is validated through an experiment conducted by the Research Design and Standards Organization. Then, the validated model is further analyzed to evaluate the running comfort, using the Sperling ride index and the running safety, by investigating the derailment coefficient and wheel load reduction rate. The impact of flexibility on the vehicle’s running stability is investigated using the rigid body dynamics model and experimental data. Compared to experimental data, the simulation results reveal that elastic vibration cannot be neglected in vehicle dynamics, since the rigid–flexible coupling model is slightly more significant than the rigid-body model for ride comfort and safety.

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Lin, Chang-Sheng, Chang-Chen Yu, Yue-Hao Ciou, Yi-Xiu Wu, Chuan-Hsing Hsu, and Yi-Ting Li. "Design and analysis of a light electric vehicle." Mechanical Sciences 12, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-345-2021.

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Abstract. This paper discusses a systematic vehicle design process in which light weight is taken as the vehicle design objective, and the designed frame is analyzed in detail. The load condition of a vehicle under different circumstances is calculated according to the distances from the front and rear wheels to the centroid position. The stress on the components in the condition is analyzed by finite element analysis, the steering geometry of the vehicle is analyzed, and the vehicle's turning angle and radius are designed. The displacement of the vehicle under a load is calculated by rigidity analysis to determine the stability of the vehicle in motion. The experimental modal analysis of the real frame and the finite element method are verified mutually for the electric vehicle body-in-white (BIW) manufacturing process to determine the consistency of model formation and the real frame. In terms of the circuit design, we used no-fuse switches and fuses to provide overcurrent protection for the main power supply, and the chip is combined with an optically coupled circuit and current sensor, which is driven by a restriction controller for protection. Moreover, a solid-state relay (SSR) is used for current protection and for controlling the forward/reverse rotation of the motor.

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Yang, Jun, and Mingming Dong. "Research on Vibration of Automobile Suspension Design." MATEC Web of Conferences 153 (2018): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815304008.

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In this paper, a seven-degree-of-freedom three-dimensional vibration model of a vehicle is established based on the parameters of a vehicle. Considering the hysteresis effect of pavement incentives of rear wheel, the random vibration of the vehicle is simulated by MATLAB / SIMULINK. After changing the stiffness, the acceleration of the vehicle body and the seat, suspension dynamic deflection and relative dynamic load are compared to select the suitable stiffness to achieve optimal ride performance. It can provide a reference for the one who is designing vehicle suspension.

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Chi, Zhongzhe, Yuping He, and Greg F. Naterer. "DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS WITH A QUARTER-VEHICLE MODEL." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 32, no. 2 (June 2008): 297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2008-0019.

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This paper presents a comparative study of three optimization algorithms, namely Genetic Algorithms (GAs), Pattern Search Algorithm (PSA) and Sequential Quadratic Program (SQP), for the design optimization of vehicle suspensions based on a quarter-vehicle model. In the optimization, the three design criteria are vertical vehicle body acceleration, suspension working space, and dynamic tire load. To implement the design optimization, five parameters (sprung mass, un-sprung mass, suspension spring stiffness, suspension damping coefficient and tire stiffness) are selected as the design variables. The comparative study shows that the global search algorithm (GA) and the direct search algorithm (PSA) are more reliable than the gradient based local search algorithm (SQP). The numerical simulation results indicate that the design criteria are significantly improved through optimizing the selected design variables. The effect of vehicle speed and road irregularity on design variables for improving vehicle ride quality has been investigated. A potential design optimization approach to the vehicle speed and road irregularity dependent suspension design problem is recommended.

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Ilić, Vladan, Dejan Gavran, Sanja Fric, Filip Trpčevski, and Stefan Vranjevac. "Vehicle swept path analysis based on GPS data." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 10 (October 2018): 827–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0245.

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Vehicle swept path analysis presents an essential step while working on at-grade intersection and roundabout designs. Following the intensive development of computer-aided design (CAD) software in the past two decades, numerous CAD-based computer programs for vehicle movement simulation have been developed and commercially distributed. The accuracy of these simulation programs is usually verified by conducting experimental field tests in which real movement trajectories of design vehicles, equipped with global positioning system (GPS) receivers, are recorded. This paper proposes an improved methodology for retrieving vehicle movement trajectories from collected GPS data. The proposed methodology reduces the trajectory inaccuracy resulting from pavement grading characteristics and the inability to accurately install GPS receivers in relation to streamlined vehicle body. Results of field experiments show that the reduction of positioning errors in the horizontal projection is not smaller than 50.0 mm compared with previous studies.

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Balamurugan, S., and R. Srinivasan. "Tracked Vehicle Performance Evaluation using Multi Body Dynamics." Defence Science Journal 67, no. 4 (June 30, 2017): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.67.11534.

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The objective of the study was to shorten the design cycle and evaluate the performance of infantry fighting vehicle using advanced multi body dynamics (MBD) environment before physical prototypes built. The MBD model is built with tracked vehicle module consisting of tracks (Links), sprocket, Support rollers, and hydro pneumatic suspension with suitable connections. Hull, turret are characterised by mass and inertial properties. The dynamic analysis was carried out for different field conditions i.e. trench crossing, step and ramp climbing, etc., to extract the hull forces at joints, power required to manuever, track tension forces to determine overall vehicle stability and look for possible design modifications. Recommendations were then suggested for power train, number of track segments, tensioner force, etc to ensure proper behavior during different manuevers. The MBD results are used in FEA to determine structural response in terms of stress, deformation, fatigue etc., and reflects in design modification before physical prototype made and are validated with base level analytical results.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Vehicle Body Design'

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