Academic literature on the topic 'Vegetated channels'

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Journal articles on the topic "Vegetated channels"

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Zhang, Ming Wu, Chun Bo Jiang, and He Qing Huang. "Lateral Distributions of Depth-Averaged Velocity in Compound Channels with Submerged Vegetated Floodplains." Applied Mechanics and Materials 641-642 (September 2014): 288–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.641-642.288.

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Lateral distributions of depth-averaged velocity in open compound channels with submerged vegetated floodplains are analyzed, based on an analytical solution to the depth-integrated Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equation with a term included to account for the effects of vegetation. The cases of open channels are: rectangular channel with submerged vegetated corner, and compound channel with submerged vegetated floodplain. The present paper proposes a method for predicting lateral distribution of the depth-averaged velocity with submerged vegetated floodplains. The method is based on a two-layer approach where flow above and through the vegetation layer is described separately. An experiment in compound channel with submerged vegetated floodplain is carried out for the present research. The analytical solutions of the three cases are compared with experimental data. The corresponding analytical depth-averaged velocity distributions show good agreement with the experimental data.
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Nepf, Heidi M. "Hydrodynamics of vegetated channels." Journal of Hydraulic Research 50, no. 3 (June 2012): 262–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2012.696559.

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Mohd Yusof, Muhammad Azizol, Suraya Sharil, and Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar. "THE HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR VEGETATIVE CHANNEL WITH GRAVEL BED DUNES." Jurnal Teknologi 84, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v84.17045.

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Aquatic plants are known to provide flow resistance and impact the turbulence intensity and turbulent kinetic energy within the vegetated area. This paper further investigates the impact of both vegetation and dunes in open channels to the hydrodynamic characteristic of flow. Emergent vegetations were built from rigid wooden rod in staggered arrangement with 0.5% vegetations density were applied in the flume. Experiments were conducted with flow rate of 0.0058 m3/s throughout the experiments. Dunes were constructed from gravel of 2 mm size diameter in the shape of standing waves of three different lee slope angles of 3⁰, 6⁰ and 9⁰. Flow velocities are measured by using a velocimeter to get the raw data for the three-dimensional flow velocity in the x, y, and z directions. The velocities data were then analysed to calculate the mean velocity, turbulence intensity and turbulent kinetic energy. Experimental results showed that, for all three lee slope angles presented higher flow velocity in the vegetated channel compared to the non-vegetated channel. It was also found that greater lee slope angle dunes generate higher velocity for both channels with and without vegetation. Higher turbulence intensity can be found near the bed area and greater turbulence intensity also shown in the positive slope of a dunes compared to negative slope area. Higher turbulent kinetic energy values were recorded within the vegetated channel compared to the non-vegetated channels.
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Borovkov, V. S., and M. Yurchuk. "Hydraulic resistance of vegetated channels." Hydrotechnical Construction 28, no. 8 (August 1994): 432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01487449.

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Naot, Dan, Iehisa Nezu, and Hiroji Nakagawa. "Unstable Patterns in Partly Vegetated Channels." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 122, no. 11 (November 1996): 671–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1996)122:11(671).

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Carollo, F. G., V. Ferro, and D. Termini. "Flow Velocity Measurements in Vegetated Channels." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 128, no. 7 (July 2002): 664–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2002)128:7(664).

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Salama, Mohamed M., and Mohamed F. Bakry. "Design of earthen vegetated open channels." Water Resources Management 6, no. 2 (1992): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00872209.

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Zhang, Jiao, Zhangyi Mi, Wen Wang, Zhanbin Li, Huilin Wang, Qingjing Wang, Xunle Zhang, and Xinchun Du. "An Analytical Solution to Predict the Distribution of Streamwise Flow Velocity in an Ecological River with Submerged Vegetation." Water 14, no. 21 (November 5, 2022): 3562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14213562.

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Aquatic submerged vegetation is widespread in rivers. The transverse distribution of flow velocity in rivers is altered because of the vegetation. Based on the vegetation coverage, the cross-section of the ecological channels can be divided into the non-vegetated area and the vegetated area. In the vegetated area, we defined two depth-averaged velocities, which included the water depth-averaged velocity, and the vegetation height-averaged velocity. In this study, we optimized the ratio of these two depth-averaged velocities, and used this velocity ratio in the Navier–Stokes equation to predict the lateral distribution of longitudinal velocity in the open channel that was partially covered by submerged vegetation. Based on the Navier–Stokes equations, the term “vegetation resistance” was introduced in the vegetated area. The equations for the transverse eddy viscosity coefficient ξ, friction coefficient f, drag force coefficient Cd, and porosity α were used for both the non-vegetated area and the vegetated area, and the range of the depth-averaged secondary flow coefficient was investigated. An analytical solution for predicting the transverse distribution of the water depth-averaged streamwise velocity was obtained in channels that were partially covered by submerged vegetation, which was experimentally verified in previous studies. Additionally, the improved ratio proposed here was compared to previous ratios from other studies. Our findings showed that the ratio in this study could perform velocity prediction more effectively in the partially covered vegetated channel, with a maximum average relative error of 4.77%. The improved ratio model reduced the number of parameters, which introduced the diameter of the vegetation, the amount of vegetation per unit area, and the flow depth. This theoretical ratio lays the foundation for analyzing the flow structure of submerged vegetation.
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Carollo, Francesco Giuseppe, Vito Ferro, and Donatella Termini. "ANALYSING LONGITUDINAL TURBULENCE INTENSITY IN VEGETATED CHANNELS." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 38, no. 4 (December 31, 2007): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2007.4.25.

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Naot, Dan, Iehisa Nezu, and Hiroji Nakagawa. "Hydrodynamic Behavior of Partly Vegetated Open Channels." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 122, no. 11 (November 1996): 625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1996)122:11(625).

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vegetated channels"

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Judy, N. D. "Resistance to flow in vegetated channels." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376983.

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Ismail, Zulhilmi. "A study of overbank flows in non-vegetated and vegetated floodplains in compound meandering channels." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7905.

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Laboratory experiments concerning stage-discharge, flow resistance, bedforms, sediment transport and flow structures have been carried out in a meandering channel with simulated non-vegetated and vegetated floodplains for overbank flow. The effect of placing solid blocks in different arrangements as a model of rigid, unsubmerged floodplain vegetation on a floodplain adjacent to a meandering channel is considered. The aim was to investigate how density and arrangements of floodplain vegetation influence stage-discharge, flow resistance, sediment transport and flow behaviours. Stage-discharge curves, Manning's n and drag force FD are determined over 165 test runs. The results from the laboratory model tests show that the placing of solid blocks along some part of the bend sections has a significant effect on stage-discharge characteristics. The change in stage-discharge by the blocks is compared using different arrangements, including the non-vegetated floodplains case. The experimental results show that the presence of energy losses due to momentum exchange between the main channel and the floodplain as well as the different densities of the blocks on a floodplain induce additional flow resistance to the main channel flow, particularly for shallow overbank flows. In general, the results show that the density and arrangement of blocks on the floodplains are very important for stage-discharge determination and, in some cases, for sediment transport rates, especially for a mobile main channel. Also, the correction parameter, a is introduced in order to understand the effects of blocks and bedforms on the force balance equation. By applied the correction factor c; a stagedischarge rating curve can be estimated when the avalue is calibrated well. Telemac 2D and 3D were applied to predict mean velocity, secondary flow and turbulent kinetic energy. Telemac computations for non-vegetated and vegetated floodplain cases in a meandering channel generally give reasonably good predictions when compared with the measured data for both velocity and boundary shear stress in the main channel. Detailed analyses of the. predicted flow variables were therefore carried out in order to understand mean flow mechanisms and secondary flow structures in compound meandering channels. The non-vegetated and two different cases of vegetated floodplain for different relative depths were considered. For the arrangement on a non-vegetated floodplain shows how the shearing of the main channel flow as the floodplain flow plunges into and over the main channel influences the mean and turbulent flow structures, particularly in the cross-over region. While applying vegetated floodplain along a cross-over section confirmed that the minimum/reduction shearing of the main channel flow by the floodplain flow plunging into and over the main channel is observed from the cross-sectional distributions of the streamwise velocity (U), lateral velocity (V), and secondary flow vectors. In addition to that, the vegetated floödplain along the apex bend region shows a small velocity gradient within the bend apex region. However, strong secondary flow in the cross-over section suggested that the flow interaction was quite similar to the non vegetation case in the cross-over section region.
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Abdalrazaak, Al-Asadi Khalid A. "Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of Vegetated Alluvial Channels." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596001.

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Vegetation in rivers increases flow resistance and bank stability, reduces bed resistance and flow conveyance, improves water quality, promotes habitat diversity, and alters both mean and turbulent flow. By reducing bed resistance and altering turbulent characteristics, vegetation can change the distribution of deposition and erosion processes. To understand all above mentioned vegetation effects, more research is needed. The goal of this dissertation was to determine the impacts of vegetation on bed resistance and sediment transport and identify a best approach for quantifying vegetation induced friction resistance. To achieve this, both experimental study and numerical simulation were performed. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted in an open channel flume to investigate the impacts of vegetation density on bed resistance and bed load transport for emergent vegetation condition. The bed resistance in a mobile bed channel is equal to the summation of grain and bed form resistances. An attempt has been made to make a separation between grain and bed form resistances, which is challenging and has never been reported in literature. An alternative approach is used to calculate the grain resistance. A new iterative method was derived to calculate the bed form resistance. Empirical relations were formulated to calculate the bed form resistance and bed load transport rate using a newly defined flow parameter that incorporates the vegetation concentration. The bed elevations and bed form height were measured by the Microsoft Kinect 3D Camera. It was found that the height of bed form depends on the vegetation concentration, which determines whether ripple/dune or scour holes are dominant on the bed surface. For sparsely vegetated flows, the bed form height and resistance are decrease rapidly as the vegetation concentration was increased, and they decreased gradually when the vegetation concentration was high. To quantify the vegetation induced friction resistance, a 3D numerical simulation was conducted using the Delft3D-FLOW open source program. The study area is Davis Pond freshwater marsh area near New Orleans, Louisiana. The dominant vegetation type for the study area is Panicum hemitomon. The study area was divided into several sub-areas depending on the existence of channels, overbanks, and vegetation height. Several approaches were used to approximate the vegetation roughness; a constant Manning's n coefficient, a time-varying n or Chezy's C coefficient, and the modified momentum and k-ɛ equations for each subarea. To quantify the time varying roughness coefficients, four equations for calculating n values were incorporated in the Delft3D-FLOW program in addition to two options offered by this program to calculate C values. It is concluded that the use of the time varying roughness coefficient gives better results than other approaches. Among the selected equations to calculate the time varying vegetation roughness, the equations that account for the effect of the degree of submergence and the vegetation frontal area per unit volume, symbolized as a, gave the closet matches with the observations. The sensitivity of modeling results to the selection of vertical grid (σ–and Z-grids), a value, and grid size were analyzed. It is found that using the σ-grid yielded more accurate results with less CPU times and the best range of a value for the Panicum hemitomon vegetation type is from 8.160 to 11.220 m⁻¹. Also it was observed that the adoption of a coarse mesh gives reasonable simulation results with less CPU time compared with a fine mesh. A non-linear relation between the vegetation resistance, in terms of n value, and degree of submergence was observed.
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Savio, Mario. "Turbulent structure and transport processes in open-channel flows with patchy-vegetated beds." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237016.

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Flow-vegetation interactions are critically important for most hydraulic and sediment processes in streams and rivers and thus need to be accounted for in their management. The central goal of this project therefore was to improve the understanding of flow-vegetation interactions in patchy-vegetated river beds, which are typical in rivers. Based on laboratory experiments covering a range of selected hydraulic and patch mosaic scenarios, the hydraulic resistance mechanisms, turbulence structure, and transport mechanisms were studied. The effects of regular patch mosaic patterns (aligned and staggered) on the bulk hydraulic resistance were investigated first. For the cases in which the relative vegetation coverage BSA in respect to the total flume bed is low (BSA = 0.1), the patches mutual positions do not affect values of the friction factor. When the parameter BSA increases to intermediate values (BSA = 0.3), the spatial distribution of the vegetation patches and their interactions become crucial and lead to a significant increase in the bulk hydraulic resistance. When further increase of the vegetation cover occurs (BSA = 0.6), the effects on hydraulic resistance of patch patterns vanish. To clarify the mechanisms of the revealed patch effects on the overall hydraulic resistance, flow structure was assessed at both scales: individual patch and patch mosaic. The presence of a submerged isolated vegetation patch on the bed introduces a flow diversion which strongly alters the velocity field and turbulence parameters around the patch. Coherent structures, generated at the canopy top due to velocity shear, control the mass and momentum transfer between the layers below and above the vegetation patch. At the patch mosaic scale, a complex three-dimensional flow structure is formed around the patches which depends on the patch spacing and spatial arrangements. For the low surface area blockage factor (BSA = 0.1), the patches are sparsely distributed and the wakes are (nearly) fully developed before they are interrupted by the effects of the downstream patches. At the intermediate surface area blockage factor (BSA = 0.3), significant differences in flow structure between the aligned and staggered patches were observed. For the highest surface area blockage factor investigated (BSA = 0.6) both aligned and staggered patch mosaic configurations showed a similar behaviour. The results on the flow structure are used to provide mechanistic explanation of the observed patch mosaic effects on the bulk hydraulic resistance.
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Nikora, Nina. "Flow structure and hydraulic resistance in channels with vegetated beds." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227600.

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Yang, Qingjun (Judy Qingjun). "Estimation of the bed shear stress in vegetated and bare channels." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99580.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-77).
The shear stress at the bed of a channel influences important benthic processes such as sediment transport. Several methods exist to estimate the bed shear stress in bare channels without vegetation, but most of these are not appropriate for vegetated channels due to the impact of vegetation on the velocity profile and turbulence production. This study proposes a new model to estimate the bed shear stress in both vegetated and bare channels with smooth beds. The model, which is supported by measurements, indicates that for both bare and vegetated channels with smooth beds, within a viscous sub-layer at the bed, the viscous stress decreases linearly with increasing distance from the bed, resulting in a parabolic velocity profile at the bed. For bare channels, the model describes the velocity profile in the overlap region of the Law of the Wall. For emergent canopies of sufficient density (frontal area per unit canopy volume a >/= 4.3m⁻¹ ), the thickness of the linear-stress layer is set by the stem diameter, leading to a simple estimate for bed shear stress.
by Qingjun (Judy) Yang.
S.M.
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Maji, S., P. R. Hanmaiahgari, R. Balachandar, Jaan H. Pu, A. M. Ricardo, and R. M. L. Ferreira. "A review on hydrodynamics of free surface flows in emergent vegetated channels." MDPI, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17820.

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Yes
This review paper addresses the structure of the mean flow and key turbulence quantities in free-surface flows with emergent vegetation. Emergent vegetation in open channel flow affects turbulence, flow patterns, flow resistance, sediment transport, and morphological changes. The last 15 years have witnessed significant advances in field, laboratory, and numerical investigations of turbulent flows within reaches of different types of emergent vegetation, such as rigid stems, flexible stems, with foliage or without foliage, and combinations of these. The influence of stem diameter, volume fraction, frontal area of stems, staggered and non-staggered arrangements of stems, and arrangement of stems in patches on mean flow and turbulence has been quantified in different research contexts using different instrumentation and numerical strategies. In this paper, a summary of key findings on emergent vegetation flows is offered, with particular emphasis on: (1) vertical structure of flow field, (2) velocity distribution, 2nd order moments, and distribution of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in horizontal plane, (3) horizontal structures which includes wake and shear flows and, (4) drag effect of emergent vegetation on the flow. It can be concluded that the drag coefficient of an emergent vegetation patch is proportional to the solid volume fraction and average drag of an individual vegetation stem is a linear function of the stem Reynolds number. The distribution of TKE in a horizontal plane demonstrates that the production of TKE is mostly associated with vortex shedding from individual stems. Production and dissipation of TKE are not in equilibrium, resulting in strong fluxes of TKE directed outward the near wake of each stem. In addition to Kelvin–Helmholtz and von Kármán vortices, the ejections and sweeps have profound influence on sediment dynamics in the emergent vegetated flows.
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Folorunso, Olatunji Peter. "Physically and numerically modelling turbulent flow in a patchy vegetated open channel." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5578/.

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This thesis present results relating to a series of laboratory experiments investigating the velocity field in order to provide an understanding into the flow structures by describing the mechanisms and transport features of heterogeneous (patchy) flexible and rigid strip vegetation flow interaction with gravel roughness which could be used to understand sediment transport in the future. The experimental results were examined in a context of shear layer arising as a result of flexible and rigid vegetation patchy roughness distribution with gravel roughness. It is shown that relative to a gravel bed, the vegetated section of the channel generally resembles a free shear layer. The resistance within the vegetation porous layer reduces the velocity and creates a transition of high velocity flow across the interface at the top of vegetation; of primary importance is the shear layer at the top of vegetation and roughness boundary regions which are shown to influence and dominate the overall momentum transport. These results have been used to calibrate a numerical model for the depth-averaged streamwise and boundary shear stress distribution using the Shiono and Knight Method (SKM). The model demonstrated approximately 90% accuracy in depth-averaged streamwise velocity distribution in comparison with the experimental data.
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Carraretto, Luca. "Functional characterization of AtTPK3 potassium channel of Arabidopsis thaliana." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426295.

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My Ph.D. project has focused on the characterization of TPK3, a putative channel selective for potassium (K+) with a predicted chloroplast localization in higher plants, from biochemical, physiological and electrophysiological point of view. This protein belongs to the TPK channel family (from Tandem-Pore K+ channels) and displays amino acid sequence homology with another K+ channel studied in our laboratory, called SynK (Zanetti et al., 2010). SynK shows thylakoid localization in Cyanobacteria. The SynK channel has been shown to be critical for photosynthetic performances in Cyanobacteria, given the photosensitive phenotype displayed by the mutants lacking the SynK protein. Given the homology, we hypothesized that similarly, TPK3 might be involved in the regulation of photosynthetic processes in higher plants. So far, no information is available about the properties of TPK3, nor about its physiological roles, neither about its possible involvement in photosynthesis; the work presented in this thesis had the aim of clarifying some important aspects of the functions of TPK3. Following subcellular localization studies carried out using biochemistry and confocal microscopy techniques, the TPK3 channel was expressed in E. coli cells for subsequent electrophysiological characterization in a planar lipid bilayer setup in order to prove its function as K+ channel. The unavailability of commercial mutants for tpk3 gene required setting up of a silencing procedure via RNA interference of the messenger for the protein, in order to analyze the possible physiological roles of TPK3. The resulting silenced plants have been studied under different growth conditions to determine changes in physiology of the plants including their photosynthetic parameters. In parallel with the TPK3 project, the most important part of my Ph.D., I also followed two other major areas of research: one concerning the study of the functions of two members of plant Glutamate Receptors (GluRs) and the other one concerning the characterization of the plant homologous of the recently identified MCU (Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter) of mammals. This thesis also includes a manuscript (Checchetto et al., 2012) to which I contributed with the heterologous expression of a calcium-activated K+ channel, SynCaK, of Cyanobacteria.
Il mio progetto di dottorato si è focalizzato sulla caratterizzazione, dal punto di vista biochimico ed elettrofisiologico, di una proteina denominata TPK3 che è predetta di funzionare come canale selettiva per il potassio (K+) ed essere localizzata nei cloroplasti nelle piante superiori,. Questa proteina appartiene alla famiglia dei canali TPK (da Tandem-Pore K+ channels) e mostra omologia di sequenza a un altro canale del K+ studiato nello stesso nostro laboratorio, denominato SynK (Zanetti et al., 2010), a localizzazione tilacoidale ed appartenente al phylum dei Cianobatteri. È stato dimostrato in più esperimenti che il canale SynK è fondamentale per la regolazione della fotosintesi nei Cianobatteri, in considerazione del fenotipo fotosensibile mostrato dai mutanti per il gene synk. Visto la localizzazione predetta del TPK3, è stato ipotizzato in partenza che TPK3 potesse svolgere un ruolo simile nelle piante superiori. Finora nulla si conosceva sulle proprietà di TPK3, ne sui suoi ruoli fisiologici, ne su di un suo eventuale coinvolgimento nella fotosintesi nelle piante superiori; il lavoro contenuto nel progetto presentato ha cercato di chiarire alcuni aspetti salienti delle funzioni di TPK3. Dopo studi di localizzazione subcellulare condotti con tecniche di biochimica e microscopia confocale, il canale TPK3 è stato espresso in E. coli per la successiva caratterizzazione elettrofisiologica in bilayer lipidico planare allo scopo di determinare la sua funzione come canale di K+. L’assenza di mutanti commerciali per il gene tpk3 ha necessitato la messa a punto del suo silenziamento tramite RNA interference del messaggero per la proteina suddetta, al fine di analizzarne i possibili ruoli fisiologici. Le piante silenziate risultanti, sottoposte a differenti condizioni di crescita, sono state studiate in vari esperimenti atti a determinarne vari parametri inclusi quelli fotosintetici. Contemporaneamente allo studio del TPK3, quello di maggior rilievo nel mio dottorato, ho seguito anche altri due filoni di ricerca principali, riguardanti l’uno l’approfondimento delle funzioni di due membri dei Recettori di Glutammato vegetali (GluRs) e l’altro la caratterizzazione degli omologhi del recentemente identificato MCU (Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter) di Mammiferi. Nella presente tesi è inoltre incluso un manoscritto (Checchetto et al., 2012) per il quale ho collaborato nell’espressione eterologa del canale di K+ calcio-dipendente (SynCaK) di Cianobatteri.
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Ferrara, G. "VIRAL ION CHANNEL PRODUCTION FOR STRUCTURAL STUDIES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150558.

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Crystallization of ion channel proteins is a difficult task for several reasons related to the hydrophobic nature of these proteins, and still is a matter of trials and errors. In this work I will present an experimental approach to the crystallization of a group of small potassium channels: the viral Kcv channels. The first part deals with the expression of MA-1D Kcv in the heterologous system Pichia pastoris and its purification by detergent solubilization. Attempts to increase the yield of the protein by modification of the construct at the DNA level are discussed. In parallel the production of Fab fragments from monoclonal antibodies that recognized the tetrameric form of the protein has been established in order to make protein-antibody complexes that can promote an ordered crystallization process by increasing the polar contacts within the crystals. In the second part of this thesis, the planar lipid bilayer technique is applied to study the functional properties of several Kcv channels at the single channel level. In particular I have analyzed the block by barium of the wt PBCV-1 Kcv and of its mutants in the 4th site of the selectivity filter, residue Threonine 63. This mutation affects protein sensitivity to barium, but also alters the open probability and the number of subconductance levels. The mutation of an adjacent aminoacid, Serine 62, recovers the wt functions. The T63 mutation was then moved also to another Kcv channel, MA-1D Kcv, to check if the behavior related to the mutation is conserved. The third part deals with Kesv, a Kcv-like channel founding a related class of viruses, ESV that, differently to Kcv, shows a mitochondrial localization when expressed in heterologous systems. Due to the difficulties encountered in measuring from mitochondria of transfected cells, we have not been able to record currents from this channel in the past. It was therefore decided to produce and purify recombinant protein for functional studies in artificial lipid bilayer. Since all attempts to express it in Pichia pastoris failed, it was decided to express it in a cell-free system in collaboration with the lab of Dr. Bernhard, at the University of Frankfurt. Functional studies on the reconstituted protein channel have revealed that the protein forms a functional, selective K+ channel with overall features of the Kcv-like channels.
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Books on the topic "Vegetated channels"

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New York (State). Dept. of Transportation and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Estimation of roughness coefficients for natural stream channels with vegetated banks. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Coon, William F. Estimation of roughness coefficients for natural stream channels with vegetated banks. Denver, CO: U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Coon, William F. Estimates of roughness coefficients for selected natural stream channels with vegetated banks in New York. Ithaca, N.Y: U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Coon, William F. Estimates of roughness coefficients for selected natural stream channels with vegetated banks in New York. Ithaca, N.Y: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Phillips, Jeff V., and Saeid Tadayon. Selection of Manning's Roughness Coefficient for Natural and Constructed Vegetated and Non-Vegetated Channels, and Vegetation Maintenance Plan ... Arizona: USGS Scientific Report 2006-5108. ProQuest, UMI Dissertation Publishing, 2011.

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Coon, William F. 'Estimation of Roughness Coefficients for Natural Stream Channels With Vegetated Banks (U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper ; 2441)'. For sale by the U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vegetated channels"

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Aberle, Jochen, and Juha Järvelä. "Hydrodynamics of Vegetated Channels." In Rivers – Physical, Fluvial and Environmental Processes, 519–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17719-9_21.

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Nepf, Heidi, Jeffrey Rominger, and Lijun Zong. "Coherent Flow Structures in Vegetated Channels." In Coherent Flow Structures at Earth's Surface, 135–47. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118527221.ch9.

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Tae Beom kim and Sung-Uk choi. "Depth-Avegraged Modeling of Vegetated Open-Channel Flows Using Finite Element Method." In Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, 411–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89465-0_72.

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Truong, S. H., K. L. Phan, Marcel J. F. Stive, and W. S. J. Uijttewaal. "A Laboratory Study of the Shallow Flow Field in a Vegetated Compound Channel." In Springer Water, 665–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2081-5_38.

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Salleh, M. Z. M., Z. Ibrahim, R. Saari, M. E. Mohd Shariff, and M. Jumain. "The Influence of Vegetated Alternate Bar on Flow Resistance in an Alluvial Straight Channel." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 167–76. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5947-9_14.

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Boraah, Nekita, and Bimlesh Kumar. "Prediction of Submerged Vegetated Flow in a Channel Using GMDH-Type Neural Network Approach." In River Hydraulics, 191–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81768-8_16.

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Maji, Soumen, Susovan Pal, Prashanth Reddy Hanmaiahgari, and Vikas Garg. "Turbulent Hydrodynamics Along Lateral Direction in and Around Emergent and Sparse Vegetated Open-Channel Flow." In Water Science and Technology Library, 455–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55125-8_39.

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Guan, Yutong, and Xiaonan Tang. "Influence of Partially-Covered Riparian Vegetation on Flow in a Compound Channel." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220956.

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Vegetation is of great importance in hydraulic engineering as it can affect the flow structures of compound channels in many ways, including the velocity profiles, momentum exchange, and shear stress distributions. This complex flow structure in vegetated compound channels has attracted more and more research interests. However, most of the previous studies have been focusing on fully-covered vegetated compound channels, there are little studies on compound channels with partially vegetated floodplain. This research carried out novel experiments to investigate the flow structure of compound channels with partially-covered vegetation on the floodplain. The results showed that the discharge of the main channel decreases as the depth ratio increases. The retardation effect of vegetation on the flow of non-vegetated floodplain region decreases with the increasing water depth. In addition, the vertical velocity profile in the vegetated zone performs differently in various depth ratios, with its velocity taking a maximum around the middle-water depth zone under emergent cases, while being the maximum near the free surface under submerged cases.
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Ghisalberti, M., H. Nepf, and E. Murphy. "Longitudinal dispersion in vegetated channels." In River Flow 2006. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439833865.ch63.

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Järvelä, Juha. "Flow resistance in vegetated channels." In Environmental Hydraulics and Sustainable Water Management, Two Volume Set, 1667–72. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16814-272.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vegetated channels"

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"Flow in vegetated channels." In The International Conference On Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow 2016). Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315644479-343.

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Lima, A., and N. Izumi. "Viscous shear layers in partially vegetated channels." In The International Conference On Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow 2016). Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315644479-353.

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PALERMO, MICHELE, STEFANO PAGLIARA, and DEEP ROY. "EROSIVE PROCESSES DOWNSTREAM OF ARCH SHAPED SILLS IN VEGETATED CHANNELS." In 38th IAHR World Congress. The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/38wc092019-0348.

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Kilgore, Roger T., and George K. Cotton. "Incorporating Site-Specific Variables in the Design of Vegetated Channels." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)42.

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Liu, Chao, Yuqi Shan, Kejun Yang, and Xingnian Liu. "Calculation of cross-section average flow velocity in vegetated compound channels." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5987613.

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G. J. Hanson and D. M. Temple. "PERFORMANCE OF BARE EARTH AND VEGETATED STEEP CHANNELS UNDER LONG DURATION FLOWS." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.7395.

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Cesare Lama, Giuseppe Francesco, and Giovanni Battista Chirico. "Effects of reed beds management on the hydrodynamic behaviour of vegetated open channels." In 2020 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor50201.2020.9277622.

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Ozan, A. Yuksel, and G. Constantinescu. "On the similarities and differences between thermally-driven lockexchange flows in fully and partially-vegetated channels." In The International Conference On Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow 2016). Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315644479-132.

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Han, Xiao, and Ning Zhang. "Coastal Hydrodynamic and Sediment-Salinity Transport Simulations for Southwest Louisiana Using Measured Vegetation Data." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51571.

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Storm-surge flood is a major thread to the inhabitants and the health of the marshes in Southwest Louisiana. The floods caused direct damages to the area, but also indirectly caused excessive sedimentations in the water system, especially in Calcasieu Ship Channel which is a vital industrial water way connecting the City of Lake Charles to the Gulf. It is well known that coastal wetlands and marshes have significant impacts on the prevention and reduction of coastal floods. The wetland vegetation creates larger frictions to the flooding water and acts as the first line of defense against any storm surge floods. In this study, we center Calcasieu Ship Channel, and hydrodynamic and sediment transport simulations were conducted for Calcasieu Ship Channel and surrounding areas. The target area ranges from the city of Lake Charles as the north end and the Gulf of Mexico as the south end, and includes three connected water systems, Calcaiseu Lake, Prien Lake and Lake Charles. The entire Calcasieu Ship Channel running from north to south is included in the domain along with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW) in east and west directions. In authors’ previous study, only the area of south portion of the ship channel, Calcasieu Lake and its surrounding wetlands was simulated and studied. This study is a major upgrade to the model, which provides more complete understanding of the flow and sediment transport in the entire area, as well as the interactions among all water systems surrounding the ship channel. There are wetlands (two National Wild Life Refuges, one in the west and one in the east) surrounding Calcaiseu Lake, while there are various of vegetated and non-vegetated areas surrounding Prien Lake and Lake Charles. The standard 2-D depth averaged shallow water solver was utilized for the simulation of the flow phase and a standard Eulerian scalar transport equation was solved for the sediment and salinity phases. In the sediment phase, the sediment deposition and re-suspension effects are included, while in the salinity phase, the precipitation and evaporation are included. A realistic vegetation model was implemented to represent various types of vegetation coverage in the target area, and appropriate friction values were assigned to different non-vegetated areas. Measured and observed vegetation data were utilized. A coastal storm surge flood was simulated, and effects of vegetation on flood reduction and sediment distribution were investigated. The total flooded area, the flood speed, and the distribution of the flooding water and sediments were compared between vegetated and non-vegetated areas to show the differences between different types of surfaces.
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JANG, EUNKYUNG, UN JI, and MYEONGHUI AHN. "Numerical Calibration of Flow Roughness for Vegetated Channel." In 38th IAHR World Congress. The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/38wc092019-0402.

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Reports on the topic "Vegetated channels"

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Estimation of roughness coefficients for natural stream channels with vegetated banks. US Geological Survey, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wsp2441.

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