Academic literature on the topic 'Vegetarian men'
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Journal articles on the topic "Vegetarian men"
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Rosell, Magdalena, Paul Appleby, and Tim Key. "Height, age at menarche, body weight and body mass index in life-long vegetarians." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 7 (October 2005): 870–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005730.
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AbstractObjectiveWe investigated whether life-long adherence to a vegetarian diet is associated with adult height, age at menarche, adult body weight and body mass index (BMI), used as indicators of growth, development and obesity, in a large sample of adults.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study. Anthropometric data and information on age, ethnicity, education, age at menarche and age at becoming a vegetarian were obtained through a questionnaire. Self-reported height and weight were calibrated using predictive equations derived from a previous validation study.SettingUnited Kingdom.SubjectsThe study includes 45 962 British men and women aged ≥ 20 years of whom 16 083 were vegetarians (not eating fish or meat).ResultsIn men and women, there were no significant differences in height, weight or BMI between life-long vegetarians (n= 125 (men) andn= 265 (women)) and people who became vegetarian at age ≥ 20 years (n= 3122 (men) andn= 8137 (women)). Nor was there a significant difference in age at menarche between life-long vegetarian women and women who became vegetarian at age ≥ 20 years.ConclusionThis study suggests that, compared with people who become vegetarian when adult, life-long vegetarians do not differ in adult height, weight, BMI or age at menarche in women.
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Fraser, Gary, Sozina Katuli, Ramtin Anousheh, Synnove Knutsen, Patti Herring, and Jing Fan. "Vegetarian diets and cardiovascular risk factors in black members of the Adventist Health Study-2." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 3 (March 17, 2014): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014000263.
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AbstractObjectiveTo compare cardiovascular risk factors between vegetarians and non-vegetarians in black individuals living in the USA.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of a sub-set of 592 black women and men enrolled in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort of Seventh-day Adventists.SettingMembers of the AHS-2 cohort, who lived in all states of the USA and provinces of Canada.SubjectsBlack/African-American members of two sub-studies of AHS-2 where blood and physiological measurements were obtained.ResultsOf these women and men, 25 % were either vegan or lacto-ovo-vegetarians (labelled ‘vegetarian/vegans’), 13 % were pesco-vegetarian and 62 % were non-vegetarian. Compared with non-vegetarians, the vegetarian/vegans had odds ratios for hypertension, diabetes, high blood total cholesterol and high blood LDL-cholesterol of 0·56 (95 % CI 0·36, 0·87), 0·48 (95 % CI 0·24, 0·98), 0·42 (95 % CI 0·27, 0·65) and 0·54 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·89), respectively, when adjusted for age, gender, education, physical activity and sub-study. Corresponding odds ratios for obesity in vegetarian/vegans and pesco-vegetarians, compared with non-vegetarians, were 0·43 (95 % CI 0·28, 0·67) and 0·47 (95 % CI 0·27, 0·81), respectively; and for abdominal obesity 0·54 (95 % CI 0·36, 0·82) and 0·50 (95 % CI 0·29, 0·84), respectively. Results for pesco-vegetarians did not differ significantly from those of non-vegetarians for other variables. Further adjustment for BMI suggested that BMI acts as an intermediary variable between diet and both hypertension and diabetes.ConclusionsAs with non-blacks, these results suggest that there are sizeable advantages to a vegetarian diet in black individuals also, although a cross-sectional analysis cannot conclusively establish cause.
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Ball, M. J., and M. L. Ackland. "Zinc intake and status in Australian vegetarians." British Journal of Nutrition 83, no. 1 (January 2000): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114500000052.
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Vegetarians have a lower incidence of many chronic diseases than omnivores. However, vegetarian diets could potentially result in lower intakes of some minerals, particularly Zn. In a cross-sectional study, dietary Zn intake was measured using 12 d weighed records in ninety-nine vegetarians (ten vegans) aged 18–50 years and forty-nine age- and sex-matched omnivores. In men, the mean daily Zn intake and Zn density values were similar in omnivores, ovolactovegetarians and vegans, but in women they were significantly lower in vegetarians (mean intake 6·8 mg v. 8·4 mg in omnivores) and few achieved the recommended intake. Significantly more vegetarian than omnivorous women had a daily Zn intake < 6 mg (44 % v. 13 %). Mean serum Zn concentrations were similar in female omnivores and vegetarians, despite the differences in intake. However, omnivorous men had a lower mean serum Zn concentration (0·85 μg/ml v. 0·95 μg/ml) and more subjects had levels below the reference range of 0·72–1·44 μg/ml than ovolactovegetarians (P < 0·01). Overall more women than men had low Zn concentrations; and these women generally had intakes below 6 mg/d. There was a significant correlation between serum Zn concentration and dietary Zn density in vegetarians, especially females (P < 0·001), but not in omnivores. Ovolactovegetarians did not have a significantly greater risk of low Zn status than omnivores.
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Nongnuch, Arkom, and Andrew Davenport. "The effect of vegetarian diet on skin autofluorescence measurements in haemodialysis patients." British Journal of Nutrition 113, no. 7 (March 12, 2015): 1040–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515000379.
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CVD remains the major cause of death for dialysis patients. Dialysis patients have both traditional and nontraditional risk factors, including the retention of advanced glycation end products (AGE). Tissue AGE can be measured by skin autofluorescence (SAF) and are a reliable measurement of chronic exposure. Dietary intake of AGE may be lower in vegetarian patients than in non-vegetarian patients, so we determined whether vegetarian patients had lower SAF than non-vegetarian patients. We measured SAF in 332 adult haemodialysis patients using a UV technique in a standardised manner. Information about patients' demographic data, laboratory results and current medicinal prescriptions was collected retrospectively from the hospital's computerised database. The mean patient age was 65·2 (sd 15·1) years, 64 % were men, 42 % were diabetic, and 66 % were Caucasian. The mean SAF was 3·26 (sd 0·95) arbitrary units (AU), and SAF was lower in vegetarians as compared to non-vegetarians (2·71 (sd 0·6) v. 3·31 (sd 0·97) AU, P= 0·002). SAF was negatively correlated on both univariate (r − 0·17, P= 0·002) and multiple linear regression (β coefficient − 0·39, 95 % CI − 0·7, − 0·07, P= 0·019). SAF, a marker of tissue AGE deposition, was reduced in vegetarian haemodialysis patients after correction for known confounders, which suggests that a vegetarian diet may reduce exposure to preformed dietary AGE. Dietary manipulation could potentially reduce tissue AGE and SAF as well as CVD risk, but further prospective studies are warranted to confirm the present findings.
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Jin, Yichen, Alka M. Kanaya, Namratha R. Kandula, Luis A. Rodriguez, and Sameera A. Talegawkar. "Vegetarian Diets Are Associated with Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Middle-Older Aged South Asians in the United States." Journal of Nutrition 148, no. 12 (November 9, 2018): 1954–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy217.
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ABSTRACTBackgroundFollowing a vegetarian diet is considered to be beneficial for overall health and is associated with a lower risk of chronic disease.ObjectiveThis study examined whether South Asians in the United States who consume a vegetarian diet have a lower prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors.MethodsData from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study, which included 892 South Asians (47% women), with an age range of 40–83 y and a mean ± SD age of 55 ± 9.4 y, were used. Participants were classified as vegetarian if they reported no consumption of meat, poultry, or fish in the previous year on a validated and culturally appropriate food-frequency questionnaire. Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine associations of a vegetarian diet with cardiometabolic risk factors.ResultsThirty-eight percent of the cohort participants were classified as vegetarian. Vegetarians reported more frequent weekly eating occasions of whole grains (median frequency/wk: 10 compared with 9, P = 0.012) and beans and legumes (median frequency/wk: 8.5 compared with 5.1, P < 0.001), and less frequent weekly eating occasions of sweets and desserts (median frequency/wk: 1.9 compared with 2.3, P < 0.001). Consuming a vegetarian diet was associated with lower body mass index (P = 0.023), fasting glucose (P = 0.015), insulin resistance (P = 0.003), total cholesterol (P = 0.027), and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.004) and lower odds of fatty liver (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.78, P = 0.006). The odds of having any coronary artery calcium were lower for vegetarian men (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.87, P = 0.013); however, no significant associations were observed among women.ConclusionsAmong US South Asians, a vegetarian diet was associated with fewer cardiometabolic risk factors overall and with less subclinical atherosclerosis among men.
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Appleby, Paul N., Timothy J. Key, Margaret Thorogood, Michael L. Burr, and Jim Mann. "Mortality in British vegetarians." Public Health Nutrition 5, no. 1 (February 2002): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001248.
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AbstractObjective:To compare the mortality of British vegetarians and non-vegetarians.Design:Analysis of original data from two prospective studies each including a large proportion of vegetarians – the Oxford Vegetarian Study and the Health Food Shoppers Study. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) compared with the population of England and Wales were calculated from deaths before age 90 for vegetarians and non-vegetarians in each study. Death rate ratios (DRRs) for vegetarians compared with non-vegetarians within each study were calculated for each of 14 major causes of death.Setting:UK.Subjects:Twenty-one thousand men and women aged 16–89 years at recruitment, including more than 8000 vegetarians.Results:SMRs for all causes of death were significantly below the reference level of 100 in both studies: 52 (95% confidence interval (CI) 49–56) based on 1131 deaths in the Oxford Vegetarian Study and 59 (57–61) based on 2346 deaths in the Health Food Shoppers Study. For all causes of death, the DRR for vegetarians compared with non-vegetarians was close to one in both studies: 1.01 (95% CI 0.89–1.14) in the Oxford Vegetarian Study, 1.03 (0.95–1.13) in the Health Food Shoppers Study.Conclusions:British vegetarians have low mortality compared with the general population. Their death rates are similar to those of comparable non-vegetarians, suggesting that much of this benefit may be attributed to non-dietary lifestyle factors such as a low prevalence of smoking and a generally high socio-economic status, or to aspects of the diet other than the avoidance of meat and fish.
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Veser, Petra, Kathy Taylor, and Susanne Singer. "Diet, authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and predisposition to prejudice." British Food Journal 117, no. 7 (July 6, 2015): 1949–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-12-2014-0409.
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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to examine whether reported food habits (vegan, vegetarian, or carnivore diet) are associated with right-wing authoritarianism, prejudices against minorities and acceptance of social dominance. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 1,381 individuals completed validated questionnaires on dietary habits and attitudes. Associations were analysed using analyses of covariance on attitudes, adjusted for age with gender and diet as factors. Findings – Of the respondents, 35 per cent reported eating mixed food (including meat and fish), 31 per cent vegetarian food (excluding meat and fish) and 34 per cent vegan food (excluding animal products entirely). Authoritarianism was more frequent in carnivores compared to vegetarians and vegans; this difference was more distinctive in men (mean 2.4 vs 1.9 vs 1.7) than in women (2.2 vs 1.9 vs 1.8). Women with a mixed diet were more inclined to social dominance than vegetarians and vegans (1.8 vs 1.6 vs 1.6). Men with a mixed diet had a stronger tendency to dominance (2.0 vs 1.7 vs 1.5) and prejudices (2.5 vs 2.3 vs 2.1); this difference was less distinct among women (2.2 vs 2.1 vs 2.1). Originality/value – This research is of academic value and of value to policy makers and practitioners in the food supply chain. The results show that individuals with vegetarian or vegan diets less frequently report having prejudices against minorities, supporting social dominance and accepting authoritarian structures than individuals with a mixed diet.
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Gallego-Narbón, Zapatera, and Vaquero. "Physiological and Dietary Determinants of Iron Status in Spanish Vegetarians." Nutrients 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 1734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081734.
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Vegetarian diets may compromise iron status, as they provide non-haem iron which has low bioavailability. Spanish lacto-ovo vegetarians (n = 49) and vegans (n = 55) were recruited and haematological and biochemical iron parameters were analysed. Food and supplements consumption, body composition, physical activity, menstrual blood losses and hormonal contraceptive use were assessed. Four groups were studied: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), iron depletion (ferritin <15 ng/mL), iron deficiency (ferritin ≥15 to ≤30 ng/mL), and iron sufficiency (ferritin >30 ng/mL). IDA was uncommon (n = 5, 4.8%), 27.9% of participants were iron-depleted, and 30.8% were iron-deficient. Serum ferritin was lower in women than men (p < 0.001) and IDA and iron depleted individuals were all women. There were no differences attributed to diet type, time being vegetarian or physical activity. The menstrual period length was negatively associated with transferrin saturation ( = −0.364, p = 0.001) and hormonal contraceptive use ( = −0.276, p = 0.014). Iron supplements were consumed most frequently by IDA and iron-deficient subjects (p = 0.031). Conclusions: Iron status did not vary between lacto-ovo vegetarians and vegans and there was not an influence of the time following a vegetarian diet. Although men were iron-sufficient, iron deficiency was frequent in women, who should apply strategies to increase iron bioavailability, especially if they experience intense menstrual blood losses.
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Saintila, Jacksaint, Tabita E. Lozano López, Percy G. Ruiz Mamani, Michael White, and Salomón Huancahuire-Vega. "Health-Related Quality of Life, Blood Pressure, and Biochemical and Anthropometric Profile in Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2020 (July 7, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3629742.
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Several studies have been carried out which mainly focus on the analysis of the lipid profile in vegetarians and nonvegetarians. However, few studies have been undertaken in this population oriented to quality of life and health. This study aimed to compare health-related quality of life, blood pressure, and biochemical and anthropometric profile in vegetarians and nonvegetarians. The study included 149 participants out of an initial sample of 162: 62 vegetarians and 87 nonvegetarians. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the SF-12 Health Questionnaire version 2 and was related with the lipid profile, glucose, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and sociodemographic characteristics. Vegetarians presented better Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as well as higher LDL levels. No significant differences in HDL and TG concentrations were found. Serum glucose concentrations were significantly lower among vegetarians. Nonvegetarian males had higher diastolic pressure levels. Vegetarian women had significantly higher levels of systolic pressure. As for the physical health and mental health components of quality of life, no significant differences were found in vegetarian and nonvegetarian women and men. In conclusion, vegetarians presented a better anthropometric profile, lower glycaemia, and higher LDL levels but no significant differences in health-related quality of life compared with nonvegetarians.
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Hibbeln, Joseph R., Kate Northstone, Jonathan Evans, and Jean Golding. "Vegetarian diets and depressive symptoms among men." Journal of Affective Disorders 225 (January 2018): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.051.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Vegetarian men"
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Nordholm, Caroline, and Lina Johansson. "”Ska du inte äta riktig mat så att det blir en redig karl av dig också?” : En kvalitativ studie om hur det är att vara man och vegetarian." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-95630.
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Bakgrund I dagens samhälle finns det en uppfattning om manlighet och vad det innebär att vara man. Att äta kött har kommit att kopplas samman med manlighet och styrka, och forskning visar att mäns beteende- och konsumtionsmönster påverkas av vad som anses förstärka den upplevda manligheten. Det är därför intressant att undersöka varför vissa män aktivt väljer bort kött i sin kosthållning. Syfte Syftet med studien var att med hjälp av intervjuer utforska och förstå hur nuvarande samhällsnormer påverkar män som aktivt valt bort kött och/eller animaliska produkter. Metod Studien utfördes med kvalitativ forskningsmetod, där sex individuella intervjuer genomfördes. Resultaten analyserades sedan med kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Resultat Samtliga informanter hade upplevt en samhällsnorm som innebar att de förväntades att äta kött. De menade att denna norm påverkade dem då deras normbrytande ofta innebar att de blev ifrågasatta. Det framkom under intervjuerna att informanterna även ansåg det finnas en koppling mellan kostval och könsroller. De upplevde att kött och manlighet har en stark korrelation och majoriteten ansåg att vissa kostmönster var mer relaterade till kvinnlighet. Slutsats Det finns en köttnorm i dagens samhälle som påverkar de män som valt en vegetarisk kost/vegankost. Denna norm kan upplevas starkt etablerad, och det är därför viktigt att vara medveten om den och dess inverkan.Background In society today, there is an idea of manliness and what it means to be a man. Meat has come to be associated with masculinity and strength, and research shows that the behavioral and consumption patterns of men are influenced by what they consider to enhance their perceived masculinity. It is therefore interesting to examine why certain men actively choose to exclude meat from their diet, regardless of potential pressures. Objective The objective of this study was to, with the use of interviews, explore and understand how current societal norms affect men who actively excluded meat and/or animal products. Method The study was executed as qualitative research, where six individual interviews were carried out. The results were later analyzed according to qualitative content analysis by Graneheim and Lundman. Results All of the informants had experienced a societal norm that expected them to eat meat. They meant that this norm affected them, since they often found themselves being questioned. The analysis showed that the informants felt that there was a connection between food choices and gender roles. They experienced that meat and masculinity had a strong correlation and the majority considered some dietary patterns exclusively related to femininity. Conclusion There is a “meat-eating norm” in today’s society that affects men who have chosen a vegetarian/vegan lifestyle. This norm could be considered quite established, and it is therefore important to be aware of it and its influence.
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Hallqvist, Johanna. "Framtagning av ett groddkärl - ett resultat av produktdesign med vegetariskt fokus." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20645.
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Denna rapport beskriver Johanna Hallqvists examensarbete om produktdesign och vegetarianism. Projektet har gått ut på att kombinera dessa ämnen och genom produktdesign som metod uppmuntra och underlätta för människor att äta och tillaga vegetarisk mat. Detta för att köttindustrin har en negativ påverkan på miljön och för att djur behandlas illa. Projektet har innefattat en litteraturstudie och en enkätundersökning för att analysera varför kött inte bör ätas samt för att undersöka hur situationen ser ut i Sverige idag. Vidare har en designprocess genomförts genom bland annat skissning, brainstorming och modellbygge. Resultatet blev ett groddkärl som ska underlätta groddning av bönor, linser och frön. Detta groddkärl kan vara en del i att uppmuntra användningen av dessa livsmedel och på så sätt minska klyftan mellan köttätare och vegetarianer.This report describes Johanna Hallqvist’s thesis on product design and vegetarianism. The project has consisted of combining these topics and through using product design as a method to encourage and facilitate people to eat and cook vegetarian food. The reason for this is because the meat industry has a negative impact on the environment and the animals are abused. The project has included a literature review and a survey to analyze why meat should not be eaten and to explore what the situation in Sweden is like is today. Furthermore, a design process has been implemented through sketching, brainstorming and modeling and led to a product that will facilitate sprouting of beans, lentils and seeds. This sprouting vessel can be a part in encouraging the consumption of these foods and thereby reduce the gap between meat eaters and vegetarians.
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Bergström, Emelie, and Johanna Bird. ""ÄTA BÖR MAN, ANNARS DÖR MAN" : En studie om möjligheten till implementering av lakto-ovo-vegetarisk och ekologisk kost i Eskilstuna kommuns förskola." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-25859.
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The purpose of this study was to describe the possibility of implementing a lacto-ovo-vegetarian and organic diet in Eskilstuna municipality’s public preschool. Furthermore the purpose was to identify and describe the most important components involved in the implementation and their influence in the process. The methods used were a survey based on a literature study. This study includes general information about meat production and consumption and also the use of pesticides in farming. It also brings up the environmental and health effects caused by the previously mentioned areas. The effects caused by meat production and consumption are, among others, greenhouse gas emissions and increased risk of some forms of cancer. The effects of pesticides are not fully stated but present studies indicate that the effects, especially regarding the environment, are negative. The study then narrows and describes the situation and organization in Eskilstuna municipality and finally describes the possible implementation process. The conclusion of the study was that an implementation is possible and a needed step towards a reduction of negative environmental and health impact. Learned habits that are created in an early age can act as a base for present and future challenges. Children will become the consumers of the future. An organic and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet reduces the amount of antropogenic distributed compounds and greenhouse gases to the environment and can function as an instrument towards the achievement of the Swedish Environmental Objectives. Goals that are set by Eskilstuna municipality can also be favored by an implementation of the suggested diet in the public preschool.
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Cabezas, Quinto Janet Chabeli. "Aporte nutricional y percepción del comensal frente al menú ofertado, en un restaurante vegetariano en San Juan de Miraflores." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4835.
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Introducción: En los últimos años el vegetarianismo fue cobrando importancia en todo el mundo y se fue estableciendo en los distintos continentes. El aporte nutricional de los menús vegetarianos y la percepción que se tiene respecto a éstos es variado, y debe ser de mucho interés para la mejora del mismo. Objetivo: Determinar el aporte nutricional y la percepción que tiene el comensal frente al menú ofertado en un restaurante vegetariano en San Juan de Miraflores. Diseño: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal y observacional. Lugar: Restaurante vegetariano El Frutal en San Juan de Miraflores. Muestra: Se evaluaron 10 menús ovolactovegetarianos y 10 menús veganos, además se encuestó a 31 comensales del restaurante. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizó el pesado directo de los alimentos que conformaron los menús. Los parámetros nutricionales se determinaron en base a 2200 Kcal diarias. El aporte nutricional de los menús en energía se determinó en 35% del requerimiento energético diario, las proteínas entre el 10 y 20%, las grasas entre 25 y 35% y los carbohidratos entre 45 y 60% de las calorías del menú. El menú debería aportar más del 25% del RDI (>4 mg) de hierro y de 8 a 11.5 g de fibra. Resultados: El promedio de energía aportado por los menús ovolacto-vegetarianos y veganos fue de 1040 ± 85.38 Kcal y 890 ± 44.19 Kcal respectivamente. El 50% de los menús ovolacto vegetarianos y veganos cumplieron con los parámetros de proteínas con un aporte de 43.5 ± 13.28 g y 41.8 ± 9.5 g respectivamente. El aporte de grasas fue inferior en los menús veganos en relación con los menús ovolacto-vegetarianos. El aporte de carbohidratos solo fue adecuado en 1 menú vegano y 1 menú ovolactovegetariano. La fibra dietaria promedio fue de 9.4 ± 2.5 g y 9.3 ± 3.42 g en los menús ovolacto-vegetarianos y veganos respectivamente. El aporte promedio de hierro en los menús ovolacto-vegetarianos y veganos fue de 5.1 ± 1.97 mg y 4.6 ± 2.4 mg respectivamente. Con respecto a la percepción de los menús, el 25.8% y el 48.4% opinó que el sabor del menú fue “muy bueno” y “bueno” respectivamente. Solo 6.5% tuvo la percepción de que la cantidad servida era “insuficiente”. Conclusiones: El aporte energético de todos los menús ovolacto-vegetarianos excedió los parámetros establecidos, mientras que solo 3 menús veganos cumplieron con los parámetros de energía. La mayoría de menús evaluados, entre veganos y ovolacto-vegetarianos, no tuvieron una distribución adecuada de grasas y carbohidratos. La percepción del comensal frente al menú ofertado, en términos generales, fue buena; consideran que los menús son balanceados, atractivos y sabrosos, principalmente. Palabras claves: menú vegano, menú ovolacto-vegetariano, aporte nutricional, percepción.Tesis
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Schoultz, Jerry, and Alexander Brolin. "Reflektioner från beslutsfattare inom offentlig måltidsservice : Arbetet med införande av vegetarisk kost i grundskolan." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kost- och måltidsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185198.
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Bakgrund Sverige har efter lång samhällsutveckling fått lagkrav på grundskolemåltider som ska vara gratis och näringsrik. Offentlig måltidsservice utvecklar de måltiderna med införande av vegetarisk kost utifrån riktlinjer från politik och myndigheter. Det finns utmaningar med införandet och olika kommuners skolbarn har olika acceptansgrad. Att undersöka beslutsfattares erfarenheter och upplevelser kan ge ökad kunskap om olika strategier för förändringsarbete. Syfte Att undersöka upplevelser och erfarenheter vid införandet av vegetarisk kost i skolmåltiden hos personer i beslutsfattande ställning inom måltidsverksamheter i grundskolan. Metod Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på distans med 17 deltagare från olika kommuner inom Sverige. Intervjuerna spelades in via digitala datorappar och telefon, transkriberades och genomgick kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Resultat Implementering av vegetarisk kost mötte varierat motstånd beroende av hur implementeringen skett. I majoriteten av fallen infördes vegetarisk kost för att minska klimat- och miljöpåverkan hos kommunerna och oftast infördes lakto-ovo vegetarisk kost. I allmänhet upplevde deltagarna att införandet av vegetarisk kost uppmuntrades från politiskt håll. När vegetarisk infördes i form av en helvegetarisk dag i veckan var det mer kritik än när implementeringen var i form av ett dagligt vegetariskt alternativ. Informanterna upplevde att elever och föräldrar haft en negativ reaktion till ordet “vegetarisk” i samband med skolmat. Slutsats Erfarenheterna och upplevelserna hos personerna i beslutsfattande ställning såg olika ut. Det varierade från näst intill inga problem till stora och allvarliga problem. Det var kopplat till hur implementeringen gått till, där de som hade stora problem hade implementerat för mycket för snabbt. I kontrast var det färre problem för de som implementerade vegetariskt kost långsammare.Background Sweden has after a long municipality development gained legal requirement that elementary school food must be cost-free and nutritional. Public food service develops those meals by implementation of vegetarian diets from the guidelines of politics & authorities. There are challenges with implementation and different municipalities schoolchildren has more different stages of acceptance. To research decisionmakers experiences can give increased understanding about different strategies for work of change. Objective To investigate experiences within people in decision-making positions in public food service in elementary school with the implementation of vegeterian diets in the school meal. Method Qualitative semi-structured interviews were completed on distance with 17 participants from different municipalities in Sweden. The interviews were recorded by digital computer applications and telephone. Recorded interviews were transcribed and underwent analysed qualitative content analysis. Results The results show that implementation of a vegetarian diet that happen faster and in larger scale receives more criticism. In most cases, the implementation of vegetarian diet was due to climate and environmental improvement reasons in the municipality. In general, the experience of implementing vegetarian diet were encouraged by the local politics. If the first implementation were in the form of exclusive vegetarian diet once a week, more criticism was received than if implementation were in the form of a daily vegetarian alternative. Lacto-ovo were implemented in the overwhelming majority by participants. Conclusion The study reflections could develop understanding of implementation. The most distinct findings were the community profit and the criticism that resided from rushed implementation as well with lack of staff competence. The shortcomings were related to insufficient guidelines from the authorities for different municipalities needs. The most appropriate method of implementation according to the participants were slow, cautiously with daily vegetarian alternative. Further Swedish research is needed within this subject and of its affected demographical groups.
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Bergman, Marcus, and Oscar Österberg. "Vad står egentligen på menyn idag? : Problematiken med menyplanering inom äldrevården och implementering av vegetarisk kost." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-84913.
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Johansson, Klas. "Fördelar med en växtbaserad kost som behandling vid kroniska sjukdomar : en kvalitativ studie om patienters upplevelser." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122948.
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Bakgrund Kroniska sjukdomar utgör nu den största sjukdomsbördan i världen och 70-80% av sjukvårdskostnaderna. De flesta kroniska sjukdomar kan förebyggas med ändrade levnadsvanor men det behövs effektiva metoder. En växtbaserad kost har visat sig vara en kostnadseffektiv behandling för riskfaktorer som övervikt, högt kolesterol, högt blodtryck och nedsatt insulinkänslighet. Syfte Att utforska patienters upplevelser relaterade till växtbaserad kost som behandling vid kronisk sjukdom. Metod Fyra kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med personer som använt sig av en växtbaserad kost som behandling vid sin kroniska sjukdom. En semistrukturerad intervjuguide användes och materialet spelades in och transkriberades. Materialet analyserades genom innehållsanalys. Resultat Personerna upplevde stora hälsoförbättringar genom en växtbaserad kost. Inspirationen till kosten kom från andra håll än sjukvården som inte heller kunde vara det stöd i behandlingen som informanterna önskat. Kunskapen om växtbaserad kost behöver öka inom sjukvården för kunna hjälpa patienter som är intresserade. Kostbehandling är central i en patientcentrerad vård vid kroniska sjukdomar och ger patienter egenkontroll över hälsan. Slutsats Studien har visat att en växtbaserad kost kan innebära hälsofördelar vid behandling av kronisk sjukdom. Patienterna genomförde övergången till en växtbaserad kost på egen hand utan stöd från sjukvården. En drivkraft hos patienterna var viljan att kunna påverka sin situation. Kunskapen om en växtbaserad kost kom inte från sjukvården utan från media. Ett önskemål som framkom var behovet av att sjukvården kunde bistå med råd och stöd vid en övergång till växtbaserad kost.Background Non-communicable diseases are today responsible for the greatest burden of disease in the world and 70-80% of health care costs. Most non-communicable diseases can be prevented with changes in lifestyle, but there is a need for effective methods. A plant-based diet has proven to be a cost-effective treatment of risk factors such as obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and impaired insulin sensitivity. Objective To investigate patients’ experiences related to a plant-based diet as treatment for their chronic diseases. Method Four interviews were performed with patients using a plant-based diet as treatment for their chronic diseases. A semi-structured interview was used and the collected data was recorded and transcribed. The data was analyzed using content analysis. Results The participants experienced great health improvements through a plant-based diet. The inspiration for the diet came from other sources than from health care providers who also failed to support the treatment in the way that participants had wished. The awareness around plant-based diet needs to increase among health care workers in order to help patients who are interested. Dietary advises are essential for patient-centered care relating to chronic diseases and can provide patients with self-empowerment concerning their health. Conclusion This study has shown that a plant-based diet can bring health benefits in the treatment of chronic disease. Patients completed the transition to a plant-based diet on their own without support from the health care system. A driving force among the patients was the desire to influence their situation. Information about a plant-based wasn’t provided by health professionals, but from the media. Patients expressed the need for advice and support from Health Care regarding their transition towards a plant-based diet.
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Norlén, Mikael. "Ett matsystem med biologiska jordbruksmetoder och växthusodling : Kost, jordbruk och energibalans i växthus." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets fysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-308757.
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The project examines the possibilities to develop a local and sustainable model for food production in Uppsala with focus on diet, farming methods and different types of greenhouse installations. With the simulation software VIP energy 3.1.1 the energy balance and temperature development of greenhouses of different materials were calculated for different operating cases. The results were also compared when the greenhouse was installed stand-alone or integrated to the wall of a small standard or passive house. With a starch based diet and biological farming methods research suggests it is possible to produce food efficiently without compromising the environment or our health. The yearly food needs for a family of four that follows the suggested diet was estimated to 4362 kg and the outdoor land required to produce it was calculated to 4676 m2 through organic yield statistics. The area could however be reduced to 2813 m2 if the only starch staple in production was potatoes. The tender growing season in a greenhouse constructed with a covering of 5 mm glass or 5-16Ar-5 mm was calculated to 85 and 148 days respectively. The energy use required for year round production of mushrooms in the respective greenhouses was calculated to 53 or 16 kWh/m2,year. Half hardy plants required 399 or 173 kWh/m2,year and tender plants 953 or 358 kWh/m2,year. When the greenhouses were connected to the wall of a small house the heating demand could be reduced by up to 22 % depending on the operating case.
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Newby, Alison Michelle. "'Women's sphere' and religious activity in America, 1800-1860 : dynamic negotiation of reality and meaning in a time of cultural distortion." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1992. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:230201.
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The thesis uses the case study of the experience of middle-class northern white women in America during the period 1800-1860 to explore several issues of wider significance. Firstly, the research focuses upon the dynamic relationships between the culturally-constructed categories of public/formal and private/informal power and participation at both the practical and symbolic levels, suggesting ways in which they intersected on the lives of women. Secondly, consideration is given to the validity of the stereotyped view that 'domestic' women were necessarily disadvantaged and dominated relative to those who aspired to public political and economic roles. Thirdly, the relationship of religious belief to these two areas is discussed, in order to discover its relevance to the way in which women both perceived themselves and were perceived by others. In seeking to explore these issues, the research has analysed the patterns of social and cultural change in the era under question, indicating how those changes influenced the perceptions and experiences of both women and men. Their reactions in terms of discourse and activity are located as strategies of negotiation in redefining both social role and participation for the sexes. The rhetoric of 'separate spheres', which was used by men and women to order their mental and physical surroundings, is reduced to its symbolic constituents in order to illustrate that the distinction between male and female arenas was more perceptual than actual. The motivating forces behind the activities and ideas of women themselves are investigated to determine the role of religion in the construction of both female self-images and wider negotiational strategies. The context of nineteenth-century social dynamics has been revealed by detailed analysis of extensive primary sources originated by both women and men for private as well as public consumption. Feminist tools of analysis which enable the conceptualisation of 'meaningful discourse' as including female contributions have further enhanced the specific focus on how women constructed their own world-views and approaches to reality. 'Traditional' approaches and tools are shown to have seriously skewed and misrepresented the reality and variety of both discourse and female experience in the era. Great efforts have been made to allow women to speak in their own words. This has produced an insight into a richness of female social participation and discourse which would otherwise be obscured. The research indicates that women were indeed actors and negotiators during the period. Those women who advocated as primary the duties of women in the domestic and social arenas were by no means setting narrow limitations on female participation in both society and discourse. The religious impulses and eschatological frameworks derived by women (varied as they were) served to order and renegotiate reality and meaning, whilst they produced female roles and influence of great significance. Women were not passive victims of male oppression. Religion can thus be perceived as a positive force which women were able to approach both for its own sake, and for their own particular ends.
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Schwartz, Adam. "Body composition of vegetarian and omnivorous men." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14273.
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Background: The relationship between diet and human body composition has become a popular topic in recent years. Despite the popularity of vegetarianism little research has been conducted in the area of vegetarianism and body composition, and the focus of the minimal research to date has been on children and women. There is recent evidence that suggests that among older men, the ability to gain skeletal muscle with resistance training may be substantially diminished for individuals consuming a vegetarian versus an omnivorous diet. This issue has yet to be examined in a group of younger males. There is also some evidence to suggest that vegetarians may have lower levels of body fat in comparison to omnivores. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify body composition differences (muscle and fat) between young men consuming either a vegetarian or omnivorous diet. Design: 54 young males between 18-30 y participated in this study. Half of these subjects were vegetarians. Body fat and muscle mass were estimated from anthropometry. In addition, subjects completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ), which were used as indicators of eating habits and activity levels. All subjects completed 3-day diet records. Results: Vegetarians had significantly lower predicted muscle mass (30.9kg vs. 32.7, p=0.049 1-tailed), and a lower sum of 12 corrected muscle girths compared to omnivores (2.5x10⁶cm³ vs. 2.7x10⁶cm³, p=0.033 1-tailed). Vegetarians had higher dietary intakes of fiber (139.8 vs. 92.3, p=0.006) and polyunsaturated fats (67.5 vs. 42.7, p=0.001) and lower intakes of saturated fats (93.8 vs. 129.1, p=0.031) than omnivores. There were no significant differences between groups with regard to body fat, dietary restraint (TFEQ), activity levels (GLTEQ and reported hours of weekly activity), or other dietary intake variables. Conclusion: Vegetarian men were found to have significantly lower muscle mass than omnivores, and these differences could not be accounted for by dietary restraint or activity levels.
Books on the topic "Vegetarian men"
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So, your girlfriend's a vegetarian?: A cooking diary on surviving a year with fussy eaters. Ely: Lantern Tower/Melrose Press, 2009.
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Weaver, Tara Austen. The butcher and the vegetarian: One woman's romp through a world of men, meat, and moral crisis. Emmaus, Pa: Rodale, 2010.
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The butcher and the vegetarian: One woman's romp through a world of men, meat, and moral crisis. Emmaus, Pa: Rodale, 2010.
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Dai, Lichang. Jian mei su cai =: Keepfit vegetarian recipes. Xianggang: Yin shi tian di chu ban she, 1991.
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translator, Chen Fangfang, and Li Qingbao translator, eds. Su shi zhi mei. Chongqing Shi: Chongqing chu ban ji tuan, 2017.
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Mei wei su shi. Banqiao Shi: Hong pin guo wen hua gu fen you xian gong si, 1999.
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Yi ge ren chi su: 53 dao ying yang man fen, mei wei shi zu de jia chang su liao li. Taibei Xian Banqiao Shi: Yang pei wen hua guan, 2010.
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Dagang, Yi, ed. Zhiyun x Dagang mei wei fan ju. [Xianggang]: Kuai le shu fang you xian gong si, 2009.
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Yang, Yikun. Mei shi ming jia su cai jing hua lu =: Gourment master vegetarien [sic] masterpiece = Bishoku yūmeijin no saishoku seika kiroku. Taizhong Shi: Mei shi ming jia you xian gong si, 1996.
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Yixiu, Lin, and Liao Jiawei, eds. Xia cai: Rou shi zhe ye hui da man zu de bai bian shu shi pu = Winnie's veggie world. Taibei Shi: Ben shi wen hua gu fen you xian gong si, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Vegetarian men"
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Iyengar, Vasantha. "Urinary Excretion (24 Hours) of Zinc and Copper in Normal Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Female Subjects during the Different Seasons: A Preliminary Study." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 6, 493–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0723-5_173.
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Harland, Barbara F., Selina A. Smith, Rex Ellis, M. Pat Howard, and Robert D. Reynolds. "Dietary Phytate:Zinc and Phytate X Calcium:Zinc Ratios of Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian Trappist Monks." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 6, 229–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0723-5_69.
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Agte, V. V., K. V. Tarwadi, and S. A. Chiplonkar. "The Influence of Various Food Ingredients and Their Combinations on in Vitro Availability of Iron and Zinc in Cereal Based Vegetarian Meals." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 10, 261–65. New York, NY: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47466-2_77.
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Agte, V. V., M. Indumadhavi, V. Kakade, S. Palkar, S. Girigosavi, K. Tarwadi, and S. A. Chiplonkar. "Role of Diet Related Habits and Cooking Practices on Bioavailability of Iron, Copper, and Zinc and Status of Iron in Vegetarians." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 10, 305. New York, NY: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47466-2_86.
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"Chapter XIII. What made the Brahmins become vegetarian?" In Beef, Brahmins, and Broken Men, 199–254. Columbia University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/ambe19584-008.
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"“Girlie Man, Manly Girl, It’s all the Same to me”." In The Comics of Alison Bechdel, edited by Anne N. Thalheimer, 22–35. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496825773.003.0003.
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First published in 1983 in Womanews, and later widely syndicated, Alison Bechdel’s Dykes To Watch Out For (DTWOF) series not only created an unparalleled historical archive of queer culture, it also shaped both the lesbian comix and queer comics that came after it in remarkable ways. Through her use of a wide range of characters having pointed conversations about then-current events and politics, debating identity, desire, and shifting representation, or simply going out to dinner at Café Topaz, the local vegetarian restaurant, Bechdel catalogues a life history of these lesbians and their community—even as that community shifts in unanticipated ways, as our understanding of binary gender shifts and continues to do so today. For a strip that initially included no men, DWTOF ended up including a number of male characters in order to explore what “male” meant through drag king culture, non-binary characters, and characters who identify as transgender.
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"The Vegetarian Option." In Sociology on the Menu, 228–51. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203428719-20.
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Jones, Michael Owen. "Pork Bans Real and Rumored." In Frankenstein Was a Vegetarian, 73–88. University Press of Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496839930.003.0006.
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The sixth chapter investigates efforts by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, as well as several institutions abroad, to ban pork products from the menu. Although swine are the most widely eaten animals in the world, several religions proscribe their consumption. The Bureau's prohibition of pork, which was based on faulty data and methods, was met with incredulity and sarcasm on one hand, and on the other, it was lauded as a means of adding to the punishment of prisoners. Moreover, pork sanctions in the U.S. and Western Europe engendered bigotry, Islamophobia, and a rise in culinary nationalism exploited by politicians claiming that various pork items define national character and symbolize their country's uniqueness. For many individuals, institutional restrictions represent an attack on their personal food habits, freedom to choose what to eat when they wish, and who they are.
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Ronald Lawrence, James, Gwendoline Joan Baxter, and John Robert Paterson. "Salicylic Acid Sans Aspirin in Animals and Man." In Drug Repurposing - Hypothesis, Molecular Aspects and Therapeutic Applications. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91706.
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Analyses in non-aspirin takers finding salicylic acid (SA) and hydroxylated metabolites in serum also SA and salicyluric acid (SU) in urine led to a re-evaluation of dietary sources of salicylates. Fruit and vegetable sources explained higher levels found in drug-free vegetarians, which overlapped with those from patients on low dose aspirin. That drug’s chemo-protective action in cancer is, at least partially, attributable to its principal metabolite, SA—which we believe contributes to the benefits of a vegetarian diet. However, diet is unlikely to be the sole source of the circulating salicylate found in aspirin-free animals and man. We adduced evidence for its persistence in prolonged fasting and biosynthesis in vivo from labelled benzoic acid. We review the roles, defined and potential, of SA in the biosphere. Emphasis on the antiplatelet effect of aspirin in man has detracted from the likely pivotal role of SA in many potential areas of bioregulation—probably as important in animals as in plants. In this expanding field, some aspirin effects, mediated by apparently conserved receptors responding to SA, are discussed. The perspectives revealed may lead to re-evaluation of the place of salicylates in therapeutics and potentially improve formulations and drug delivery systems.
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Prang, Michael. "61. Schmerzen muss man akzeptieren." In Vegetarier leben länger, 107–9. C.H.Beck, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/9783406615061-107.
Full textReports on the topic "Vegetarian men"
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Guerreiro, Hugo, Rute Borrego, and Lino Mendes. β-alanine supplementation for athletic performance in female athletes: a protocol for a systematic review of randomized control trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0041.
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Review question / Objective: The Effect of β-alanine Supplementation on Athletic Performance in Female Athletes: a Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials. Condition being studied: β-alanine is an endogenously produced non-proteinogenic amino acid that can also be obtained through the consumption of foods such as meat. The ergogenic effect of β-alanine supplementation is linked to the levels of carnosine (a cytoplasmatic dipeptide to which β-alanine is a precursor). It has become one of the most common sports nutrition ergogenic aids, with typical doses at about 4 to 6 g per day that are ideal to elevate muscle carnosine concentrations by up 80%. This elevation happens regardless of high or low baseline levels (common in vegetarians, women and in older subjects) and chronic supplementation (and the associated increase of muscle carnosine levels) is known to be of particular interest in improving high-intensity exercise performance by enhancing intracellular H+ buffering, reducing muscle acidosis. It has been mostly proposed as beneficial in exercises between 60 seconds and 4 minutes, but some positive effects have been noted in other sport-related outcomes. The fact that women tend to have less muscle carnosine content then man, in addition to other characteristics of the female athlete, highlights the importance of understanding if the outcomes and magnitude of the effects already found and stablished in male athletes are, in fact, equivalent in the female athlete.