Journal articles on the topic 'Vegetable Northern Territory'

Introduction. The proximity of mining enterprises to settlements contributes to the pollution of the soil cover with heavy metals. Crops grown in garden plots accumulate chemical elements and are an intermediate link in the “soil - plant - human” chain. Purpose of the work. Assessment of the level of anthropogenic load on the territory adjacent to the mining enterprise, based on the study of the translocation of metals in the soil - plant system. Materials and methods. For the purpose of hygienic assessment of the chemical composition of the soil and vegetable products grown on it, the content of 7 microelements was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. With the help of the coefficient of concentration of a chemical substance (Kc) and the total indicator of pollution (Zc), the level of chemical contamination of soils was determined. Using the total coefficient of anthropogenic load (Ka.n. = ∑Ci/PDUi), the territory was ranked according to the contamination of vegetables with toxic elements. The rate of accumulation of metals by vegetable crops was assessed by the coefficient of biological absorption (Ax) and the index of biochemical activity of the species (BAS). Results. The soil cover in the district is contaminated with a complex of metals, the content of gross forms of which exceeds the MPC by up to 1.9 times, mobile - up to 4.6 times. At a distance of up to 5 km around the mining enterprise, the maximum indicators of the total soil pollution (Zc = 44-65) have been established. Lead and zinc are elements of “biological accumulation” for all types of studied vegetable products grown in the zone of influence of the mining enterprise; cadmium is additionally concentrated in beets and carrots, and nickel in carrots. In vegetable samples, exceeding the permissible levels of cadmium and lead was noted. The most significant accumulation of heavy metals was found in the southern, southeastern, northern and northwestern directions from emissions. Conclusion. To eliminate the toxic effects of heavy metals in vegetables produced in the zone of influence of mining enterprises, it is recommended to include additional monitoring of nickel and zinc content in the social and hygienic monitoring system.

The content of nitrates in vegetables is a rather urgent problem and is of interest to structures that control and regulate the possible consequences of an excessive amount of nitrates for human health. The main causes and features of food pollution are shown: irrigation of fields with water containing wastewater from industrial enterprises, excessive and uncontrolled use of fertilizers, conditions for growing vegetables and seasonality.The process of environmental pollution with nitrates, in particular, surface water resources, is considered. An analysis of the suitability of surface water for irrigation was carried out near the villages of Andreevka, Shevchenkovskoye, Zavyalovka, Annensky quarry and Ternovsky district of Krivoy Rog and showed that the content of nitrates does not exceed the MPC. The reasons for the accumulation of nitrates in plant products are shown. The transformations of nitrate ions and their toxic effect on the human body are given. The paper also outlines the main ways to reduce the content of nitrates in crop production. A quantitative analysis of nitrate ions in vegetable raw materials in the spring-autumn period was carried out: cucumbers, cabbage, potatoes, tomatoes, carrots and onions by the iodometric method, the express method based on the use of a diphenylamine reagent and the express method. method using the GreenTest nitrate tester, grown on the territory near such enterprises as the Northern and Ingulets GOK. The content of nitrates exceeds MPC in early potatoes and tomatoes.

Gladioli can be affected with 15 species of viruses, which cause significant economic losses to both floriculture and agriculture. The most prevalent and harmful for gladioli are Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), circulating on the territory of Ukraine on vegetable, legume and other crops, and also Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), which is included into the List of regulated pests of Ukraine and is the subject to strict control. The aim of the work was to conduct testing of gladiolus plants for the presence of viral infection symptoms and to test them for the affection with the most widespread and dangerous viruses, namely: BYMV, CMV, TRSV. Visual diagnostics, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in DAS-ELISA modification, transmission electron microscopy method and statistical data analysis were used in this research. The results of the studies showed absence of TRSV in all tested samples. For the first time in Ukraine, it has been established that gladioli are infected by Bean yellow mosaic virus. Its circulation on gladioli has been registered in Poltava, Kyiv and Sumy regions. Gladioli were also found to be affected by CMV or mixed infection of these pathogens. Gladioli infection by BYMV and CMV in Kyiv region is 88.2% and 93.8%, in Poltava – 69.2% and 55.5%, in Sumy – 66.6% and 0%, respectively. Typical symptoms on gladiolus plants caused by CMV and BYMV isolates are leaf chlorotic stripes and flower color break, less often – spotting on the leaves and plant stunting. It has been revealed that affection of gladioli by CMV and BYMV can be asymptomatic. The diversity, nature and course of viral infections in gladioli demonstrate the relevance of further research and their monitoring in Ukraine.

In Belarus Republic the increase tendency in size and number of emissions per square kilometer of the territory from stationary sources is observed in case of decrease in emissions from mobile sources in recent years. Among separate ingredients across the Gomel region growth of sulfur dioxide in emissions from engineering procedures stationary sources is noted that in total is a negative factor for growth and development of region vegetation. The vegetable cover which is characterized by lack of an opportunity to avoid technogenic impact in comparison with other indicators is the most indicative and quickly reacting indicator of industrial enterprises activities influence. Features of sheet device of wood plants morphometry of plants adaptation strategy element in the conditions of technogenic impact and in habitats various on soil wealth and productivity were studied by many researchers in detail. Besides, the lichenindikation belongs to one of effective environment pollution indication methods. However, comparative assessment of the various biological parameters indicator importance and reasons of the most informative characteristics complex for determination of territorial complexes transformation under the industrial influence production is most urgent for extent assessment of ecosystems transformation under the technogenic impact influence. Proceeding from the aforesaid, the work purpose consists in determination of such informative bioindicator indicators as a sheet plate morphometry and a lichensmonitoring for vegetation technogenic change assessment in impact industrial enterprises zone of Gomel city. As research objects were chosen a drooping birch Betula pendula, a white poplar Populus deltoides and a maple acutifoliate Acer platanoides. These trees are one of the most widespread and the researched territories which are often found on. Collection of plant material was carried out during the vegetative period (July, August) 2015– 2016. From each pilot tree (3–5 on each site) from height of 1,5–2 m from the surface of the soil broke 20–25 intact most developed leaves at which determined length, width of a sheet plate. For carrying out a lichenmonitoring used a method of visual assessment and a method of linear crossings. As a result of the comparative analysis of most widespread representatives of wood plants sheet plate length and width it was established that the morphometry of drooping birch leaves Betula pendula and maple acutifoliate Acer platanoides and their standard deviation from average value increases in process of decrease industrial enterprises level technogenic influence in 2015–2016, except for white poplar Populus deltoides leaf length in 2015–2016, and also a standard deviation of drooping birch Betula pendula leaves morphometry and white poplar Populus deltoides in 2015 in the northern industrial zone. The sheet device of inspection zones is characterized by larger sizes in comparison with industrial zones. The dispersive analysis results demonstrate that sheet plate wood plants morphometric parameters statistically authentically differ in case of various size technogenic pollution action on their forming and development that confirms a use this criterion possibility for atmospheric air pollution indication. As a result of a lichenmonitoring growth of bushy lichens in zones with lower technogenic loading and more considerable projective covering the crustose lichens on trees bark from more intensive technogenic influence territory is established. Perhaps effectively to use the integrated approach considering the sheet device morphometric analysis and a lichenmonitoring for vegetable cover indication of technogenic influence.

Представлены результаты экспериментального исследования четырех партенокарпических гетерозисных гибридов огурца в условиях необогреваемых теплиц весенне-летнего оборота в разных климатических зонах. Проблема адаптации теплолюбивых культур при возделывании их в промышленных условиях и личных подсобных хозяйствах возникает на территории Российской Федерации повсеместно. Выращивание огурца усложняют высокие требования растений к уровню освещения и температурному режиму. Поиск путей решения этого вопроса при селекции огурца – один из важных этапов научных исследований. Цель работы – оценка и подбор перспективных партенокарпических гибридов огурца для товаропроизводителей овощной продукции с высокими адаптационными качествами при их возделывании в различных почвенно-климатических условиях. Исследования проводили в ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО Кировской области (II световая зона, cумма ФАР – 400-580 кал/см2), в агрофирме «Поиск» Московской области (III световая зона, cумма ФАР – 610-970 кал/см2), в ССЦ «Ростовский» Ростовской области (VI световая зона, сумма ФАР – 1770-2080 кал/см2) в условиях необогреваемых теплиц в 2018-2020 годах. В результате оценки по хозяйственно полезным признакам в условиях необогреваемых теплиц весенне-летнего оборота в трех световых зонах определены адаптационные способности партенокарпических гетерозисных гибридов селекции агрофирмы «Поиск»: F1 Новатор, F1 Пилигрим, F1 Реванш, F1 Экспресс. Отмечено существенное влияние климатических условий на продолжительность периода плодоношения культуры огурца. Установлена средняя урожайность огурца в условиях необогреваемых теплиц весенне-летнего оборота в зависимости от региона выращивания, которая составила в Московской области 25,3 кг/м2; в Кировской области – 14,2 кг/м2; в Ростовской области - 31,9 кг/м2. Определена средняя урожайность гибридов в трех регионах: F1 Новатор – 24,8 кг/м2; F1 Пилигрим – 25,1 кг/м2; F1 Реванш – 22,1 кг/м2; F1Экспресс – 23,2 кг/м2. По результатам исследовательской работы для рационального выращивания овощной продукции в условиях необогреваемых теплиц весенне-летнего оборота Южного и Центрального федеральных округов с.-х. товаропроизводителям рекомендованы партенокарпические раннеспелые гетерозисные гибриды огурца F1 Новатор, F1 Пилигрим, F1Экспресс; северных регионов – гибриды F1 Новатор, F1Пилигрим и F1 Реванш. The results of an experimental study of four parthenocarpic heterotic cucumber hybrids under the conditions of unheated greenhouses of spring-summer rotation in different climatic zones are presented. The problem of adaptation of warm-weather crops at cultivating in industrial conditions and personal subsidiary farms arises everywhere on the territory of the Russian Federation. The cultivation of cucumber is aggravated by high requirements of plants for lighting level and temperature conditions. The search for solution for this issue in cucumber breeding is one of the most important stages of scientific research. The aim of the research is to evaluate and select promising parthenocarpic cucumber hybrids for vegetable producers with high adaptive qualities in various soil and climatic conditions. The research was carried out in ARRIVG – a branch of FSBSI “Federal Scientific Vegetable Centre” in the Kirov region (II light zone, the amount of PAR – 400-580 сal/cm2), in the Poisk agrofirm in the Moscow region (III light zone, the amount of PAR – 610-970 cal/cm2), in the Rostov SBC in the Rostov region (VI light zone, the amount of PAR – 1770-2080 cal/cm2), under the conditions of unheated greenhouses during 2018-2020. The adaptive abilities of parthenocarpic heterotic hybrids bred by the Poisk agrofirm – F1 Novator, F1Piligrim, F1 Revansh, F1 Express – were determined under the conditions of unheated greenhouses of spring – summer rotation in the III light zones. The significant influence of climatic conditions on the duration of fruiting period of cucumber was noted. The average yield of the cucumbers under the conditions of unheated greenhouses of spring–summer rotation, depending on the growing region, was established, which was 25.3 kg/m2in the Moscow region; 14.2 kg / m2 in the Kirov region; 31.9 kg/m2in the Rostov region. The average yield of the hybrids in the three regions was stated: F1 Novator – 24.8 kg/m2; F1 Piligrim – 25.1 kg/m2; F1 Revansh – 22.1 kg/m2; Express F1 – 23.2 kg/m2. As a result of the research work, parthenocarpic early-maturing heterotic cucumber hybrids F1 Novator, F1 Piligrim, F1 Express are recommended for rational cultivation under the conditions of unheated greenhouses of spring-summer rotation for agricultural producers in the Southern and Central Federal Districts; hybrids F1 Novator, F1 Piligrim and F1 Revansh – in the Northern regions.

Ethnobotanical and taxonomical studies are conducted to uncover the scientific name, uses as well as utilization of Diwoka (local name) popular to the Dani people in Wamena. The local name, Diwoka, is determined by its scientific name Piper macropiper Pennant. Piper macropiper has been used by the Dani people to serve as spices when foods are cooked traditionally by stone-fired earth oven (bakarbatu) or prepared in other ways such as stir-frying vegetables, fish, and meat. The leaves can be consumed uncooked the way salad is consumed beside it is functioned as medicine as well. The distribution of this type of plant is found in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Australia (Northern territory), Brunei, and Sri Lanka

Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a Tobamovirus of economic importance affecting cucurbit crops and Asian cucurbit vegetables. CGMMV was detected in the Northern Territory (NT) in September 2014, the first record for Australia, with 26 properties confirmed as of May 2016. Research was undertaken to determine virus longevity in soils in the NT and investigate the use of disinfectants to remove viable CGMMV from the soil. An in-field trial at 12 months post-quarantine at four properties, and bioassays from collected soils indicate that CGMMV remained viable in at least two of the properties 12 months after plant hosts were removed from the ground. The infectivity of CGMMV from soil was also investigated in two trials with 140 watermelon seeds and 70 watermelon plants sown into CGMMV infested soils with or without the application of the disinfectants VirkonTM (2%) and Bleach (1%). Watermelons grown in soil, not treated with the VirkonTM or Bleach, showed CGMMV infection rates of 4% and 2.5% respectively. When VirkonTM or Bleach was applied, no positive CGMMV detections were observed in the watermelons. This research highlights the importance of proper management of infested properties and the need for on-farm biosecurity to manage CGMMV.

The Stepnogorsk area Northern Kazakhstan has a long history mining activities. Mining activities have lots of environmental and health impacts. The aims of this study were to characterizing the general radiological situation of the area and evaluate radiation exposure by scenarios in settlements. In this study radiological assessment was performed for critical group living in the territory contaminated with radionuclides; working and studying at school located on territory former mining site. The annual dose burden is 2.5 mSv y−1 in Zavodskoy, 1.9 mSv y−1 in Kvartsitka and 3.6 mSv y−1 in Aqsu; and exposure from radon is around 11 mSv y−1 at the ground floor, and for teachers - up to 12 mSv*y−1. At settlements, however, under the hypothesis that all food contaminated with radionuclides and vegetables is cultivated locally in the territories with high background level, exposure from ingestion is 9.1 mSv y−1 in Zavodskoy, 8.3 mSv y−1 in Kvartsitka and 11.5 mSv y−1 in Aqsu. The combined effects of environmental problems have culminated into health problems. There are such possibility of the higher prevalence of cardiovascular, digestive and respiratory systems so it is necessary to evaluate or protect people living in Stepnogorsk area.

Searching for mineral and energy resources in various regions of the Arctic basin has revealed the presence of huge reserves of oil, gas and other extractable resources. The coast of the Arctic Ocean, i.e. the European and the Asian north of Russia turns into the region of active economic development.Population migration flows into these regions will increase every year. People will move from the favorable climatic conditions to the extreme conditions of the Arctic. The harsh conditions of the Arctic are particularly heavy for the weather sensitive people with increased excitability of the central nervous system.In the extreme weather conditions, food is the most important means of organism protection. Therefore, a balanced diet is the most important means of human adaptation in the northern latitudes, with bee-farming products playing a huge role [4, 7].The Great Vasyugan swamp is the largest swamp with the area of 53,000 km2. It covers the Ob-and-Irtysh watershed, and stretches within 55040ʹ–58060ʹ N and 75030ʹ–83030ʹ E; its southern border stretches 573 km from the right bank of the Irtysh River to the left bank of the Ob River. From the southern border to the north, the swamp stretches for 320 km. In this area, there are huge reserves of peat, which make over 61% of the total stock in Russia. Among the swamp, there are islands, i.e. spaces not occupied by swamps and lakes, and covered with forest and grass [2].In the Tsarist times, the Vasyugan swamp was considered unsuitable for agriculture. Development of this region started after the October revolution. People grew gray cereals, fodder crops, potatoes, and vegetables. In this area, local horse breed named “narymka” was bred.After the Great Patriotic war, the Vasyugan Plain, or the Narym territory was deserted. Settlements were removed, and bushes and grass started growing in their place.Currently, the Great state program for studying the Narym territory has been started for using these areas to grow agricultural products to be supplied to the population of the Arctic Belt.

Este texto describe las trayectorias de migración de los inmigrantes indígenas que laboran en el mercado de trabajo agrícola transnacional instalado en la frontera norte de México. Ubicados en la región del Valle de San Quintín, en el estado de Baja California, se adopta una perspectiva biográfica para el análisis de la experiencia de migración y trabajo de los individuos en un mercado laboral enfocado a la producción de hortalizas para el mercado internacional. Consideramos que la interrelación de varias dinámicas de movilidad –regional, interna e internacional– se pueden observar a través de la historia de movilidad, trabajo y asentamiento de los indígenas jornaleros distinguidos en cohortes generacionales para su análisis. Dicha interrelación parte de cambios en los patrones de movilidad y residencia de los grupos indígenas asentados en los sitios de trabajo, configurando así las nuevas geografías de los territorios étnicos en el país.Abstract: This text describes the different paths of migration of Indian immigrants working in the agricultural labor market transnational installed on Mexico Northern border. Adopting a biographical approach to the analysis of migration experience and work of individuals working in a market focused on the production of vegetables for the international market. The interplay between internal and international migrations is examined through the history of mobility, work and settlement of indigenous laborers along generational cohort lines. Such interplay can be explained by taking into account indigenous groups’ shifting patterns of residential mobility and settlement in new places of work, which in turn has led to the creation of new ethnic geographies throughout the country.Résumé : Ce texte décrit les différentes trajectoires migratoires des immigrés Indiens qui s’intègrent au marché du travail agricole transnational de la frontière nord du Mexique. Depuis la région de la vallée de San Quintin, en Basse-Californie, l’analyse a pour fondement une perspective biographique des expériences de migration et de travail des individus qui s’insèrent dans le secteur de la production de fleurs pour le marché international. La correspondance entre les divers types de dynamiques migratoires –régionale, interne et internationale– peut être observée au travers des histoires de mobilité, travail et installation des Indiens journaliers, population qui sera répartie en cohortes générationnelles pour l’analyse. Cette correspondance a pour point de départ les changements observés dans les formes de mobilité et d’installation des groupes indiens qui se sont établis sur les lieux de travail, conformant la nouvelle géographie des territoires ethniques dans le pays.

Español. El departamento de Cajamarca, en el Norte del Perú, se caracteriza en general por un clima más húmedo que el resto del territorio andino peruano occidental. Teniendo en cuenta el paralelismo entre el clima y las unidades de vegetación que ofrecen los pisos bioclimáticos, los ombrotipos, la geología y los suelos, y levantando inventarios según la metodología de Braun-Blanquet, estudiamos la vegetación de este territorio. Se describen 2 comunidades vegetales, 8 asociaciones, 3 subasociaciones, 3 alianzas, 1 orden y 1 clase fitosociológica. Como resultado, se analizan la comunidad de Cecropia montana y Heliocarpus americanus (termotropical subhúmedo-húmeda) y de Muntingia calabura y Hura crepitans (infratropical seco-subhúmeda), ambas de la clase Nectandro laevis-Licarietea canellae presente en el norte del territorio. Hacia el sur, los bosques lauroides y esclerófilos están representados por las nuevas asociaciones Axinaeo nitidae-Podocarpetum oleifolii (bosques mesotropicales, húmedo-hiperhúmedos), Verbesino auriculigerae-Siparunetum muricatae (bosques mesotropicales húmedo-hiperhúmedos de áreas alteradas), Berberido beauverdianae-Myrcianthetum myrsinoidis (bosques del piso mesotropical inferior seco-subhúmedo) y Aristeguietio discoloris-Kageneckietum lanceolatae (bosques del piso mesotropical superior seco-subhúmedo), todas agrupadas en la nueva alianza Monnino pilosae-Myrcianthion myrsinoidis (Pruno rigidae-Oreopanacetea floribundi). Las asociaciones nuevas Baccharito latifoliae-Monactinetum flaverioidis (supra-mesotropical subhúmedo-seca) y Monactino flaverioidis-Colignonietum parviflorae (mesotropical húmeda) son las arbustedas sucesionales de los bosques y se agrupan en la alianza Otholobio munyensis-Rubion robusti all. nova y en la nueva clase andina Clematido peruvianae-Baccharitetea latifoliae. Se describen dos nuevas asociaciones de los pajonales del páramo (“jalca”) con sus subasociaciones: Calamagrostio tarmensis-Hypericetum laricifolii (pajonales supratropicales húmedos del sector Chota-Contumazá), con la subasociación cortaderietosum nitidae en áreas rocosas, y Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletum bonplandiani (pajonales orotropicales húmedos-hiperhúmedos del sector Chota-Contumazá), con la subasociación puyetosum fastuosae en suelos húmedos, y calamagrostietosum curvulae como una subasociación de transición hacia los pajonales de la puna del centro del Perú. Además, hemos reconocido y lectotipificado la asociación supratropical húmeda Oreobolo goeppingieri-Hypericetum laricifolii, característica del sector biogeográfico Loja-Cutervo. Todas estas asociaciones de pastizales pertenecen a la nueva alianza Agrostio tolucensis-Paspalion bonplandiani y al nuevo orden Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletalia bonplandiani (Calamagrostietea vicunarum). Por otra parte, presentamos un esquema sintaxonómico con todas las clases fitosociológicas estudiadas por el momento en el departamento de Cajamarca, incluyendo bosques secos y vegetación con cactus y otras plantas suculentas (Acacio macracanthae-Prosopidetea pallidae), alisedas (Alnetea acuminatae), bosques altoandinos (Polylepidetea tarapacano-besseri), y vegetación helofítica de riveras (Tessario integrifoliae-Baccharitetea salicifoliae). Como resultado de este estudio fitosociológico comentamos la biogeografía del N del Perú estableciendo los sectores Loja-Cutervo y Chota-Contumazá, y finalmente hemos cartografiado la vegetación potencial de Cajamarca English. The Department of Cajamarca, in Northern Peru, is generally characterized by a more general humid climate that in the rest of the occidental Andean Peruvian territory. Taking account of the parallelism between climate and vegetation units offered by bioclimatic belts and ombrotypes, geology and soils, and making plots according to the Braun-Blanquet methodology, the vegetation of the territory was studied. Two plant communities, 8 associations, 3 subassociations, 3 alliances, 1 order and 1 phytosociological class are described. As a result, we have analyzed the Cecropia montana and Heliocarpus americanus (thermotropical subhumid-humid) and the Muntingia calabura and Hura crepitans (infratropical dry-subhumid) plant communities, both belonging to the Nectandro laevis-Licarietea canellae class in the North of the territory. To the South, laurel like and sclerophyllous forests are represented by the new associations Axinaeo nitidae-Podocarpetum oleifolii (mesotropical, humid-hyperhumid forests), Verbesino auriculigerae-Siparunetum muricatae (mesotropical humid-hyperhumid forests on disturbed areas), Berberido beauverdianae-Myrcianthetum myrsinoidis (lower mesotropical dry-subhumid forests), and Aristeguietio discoloris-Kageneckietum lanceolatae (upper mesotropical dry-subhumid forests), all grouped into the new alliance Monnino pilosae-Myrcianthion myrsinoidis (Pruno rigidae-Oreopanacetea floribundi). The supra-mesotropical, subhumid-dry Baccharito latifoliae-Monactinetum flaverioidis and the mesotropical humid Monactino flaverioidis-Colignonietum parviflorae new associations are the successional shrublands of the forests, grouped into the new alliance Otholobio munyensis-Rubion robusti and into the new Andean class Clematido peruvianae-Baccharitetea latifoliae. Two new associations for the paramo (“jalca”) grasslands have been described with their subassociations: Calamagrostio tarmensis-Hypericetum laricifolii (supratropical humid grasslands from the Chota-Contumazá biogeographical sector), with cortaderietosum nitidae subassociation on rocky areas, and Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletum bonplandiani (orotropical humid-hyperhumid grasslands from the Chota-Contumazá biogeographical sector), with puyetosum fastuosae subassociation on humid soils, and calamagrostietosum curvulae as transitional subassociation to the puna grasslands in Central Peru. Furthermore, we have recognized and lectotypified the supratropical humid association Oreobolo goeppingieri-Hypericetum laricifolii from the Loja-Cutervo biogeographical sector. These grassland associations belong to the new alliance Agrostio tolucensis-Paspalion bonplandiani and to the new order Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletalia bonplandiani (Calamagrostietea vicunarum class). Besides, we present a syntaxonomical scheme with all the phytosociological class studied for the moment in the Department of Cajamarca, including dry forest and succulent vegetation with cactus (Acacio macracanthae-Prosopidetea pallidae), Andean alder forests (Alnetea acuminatae), high Andean forests (Polylepidetea tarapacano-besseri), and helophytic river vegetation (Tessario integrifoliae-Baccharitetea salicifoliae). As a result of the study of the phytosociological units of Cajamarca, we comment the biogeography of Northern Peru establishing the Loja-Cutervo and Chota-Contumazá sectors, and finally, we have maped the potential vegetation of Cajamarca.

Español. El departamento de Cajamarca, en el Norte del Perú, se caracteriza en general por un clima más húmedo que el resto del territorio andino peruano occidental. Teniendo en cuenta el paralelismo entre el clima y las unidades de vegetación que ofrecen los pisos bioclimáticos, los ombrotipos, la geología y los suelos, y levantando inventarios según la metodología de Braun-Blanquet, estudiamos la vegetación de este territorio. Se describen 2 comunidades vegetales, 8 asociaciones, 3 subasociaciones, 3 alianzas, 1 orden y 1 clase fitosociológica. Como resultado, se analizan la comunidad de Cecropia montana y Heliocarpus americanus (termotropical subhúmedo-húmeda) y de Muntingia calabura y Hura crepitans (infratropical seco-subhúmeda), ambas de la clase Nectandro laevis-Licarietea canellae presente en el norte del territorio. Hacia el sur, los bosques lauroides y esclerófilos están representados por las nuevas asociaciones Axinaeo nitidae-Podocarpetum oleifolii (bosques mesotropicales, húmedo-hiperhúmedos), Verbesino auriculigerae-Siparunetum muricatae (bosques mesotropicales húmedo-hiperhúmedos de áreas alteradas), Berberido beauverdianae-Myrcianthetum myrsinoidis (bosques del piso mesotropical inferior seco-subhúmedo) y Aristeguietio discoloris-Kageneckietum lanceolatae (bosques del piso mesotropical superior seco-subhúmedo), todas agrupadas en la nueva alianza Monnino pilosae-Myrcianthion myrsinoidis (Pruno rigidae-Oreopanacetea floribundi). Las asociaciones nuevas Baccharito latifoliae-Monactinetum flaverioidis (supra-mesotropical subhúmedo-seca) y Monactino flaverioidis-Colignonietum parviflorae (mesotropical húmeda) son las arbustedas sucesionales de los bosques y se agrupan en la alianza Otholobio munyensis-Rubion robusti all. nova y en la nueva clase andina Clematido peruvianae-Baccharitetea latifoliae. Se describen dos nuevas asociaciones de los pajonales del páramo (“jalca”) con sus subasociaciones: Calamagrostio tarmensis-Hypericetum laricifolii (pajonales supratropicales húmedos del sector Chota-Contumazá), con la subasociación cortaderietosum nitidae en áreas rocosas, y Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletum bonplandiani (pajonales orotropicales húmedos-hiperhúmedos del sector Chota-Contumazá), con la subasociación puyetosum fastuosae en suelos húmedos, y calamagrostietosum curvulae como una subasociación de transición hacia los pajonales de la puna del centro del Perú. Además, hemos reconocido y lectotipificado la asociación supratropical húmeda Oreobolo goeppingieri-Hypericetum laricifolii, característica del sector biogeográfico Loja-Cutervo. Todas estas asociaciones de pastizales pertenecen a la nueva alianza Agrostio tolucensis-Paspalion bonplandiani y al nuevo orden Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletalia bonplandiani (Calamagrostietea vicunarum). Por otra parte, presentamos un esquema sintaxonómico con todas las clases fitosociológicas estudiadas por el momento en el departamento de Cajamarca, incluyendo bosques secos y vegetación con cactus y otras plantas suculentas (Acacio macracanthae-Prosopidetea pallidae), alisedas (Alnetea acuminatae), bosques altoandinos (Polylepidetea tarapacano-besseri), y vegetación helofítica de riveras (Tessario integrifoliae-Baccharitetea salicifoliae). Como resultado de este estudio fitosociológico comentamos la biogeografía del N del Perú estableciendo los sectores Loja-Cutervo y Chota-Contumazá, y finalmente hemos cartografiado la vegetación potencial de Cajamarca English. The Department of Cajamarca, in Northern Peru, is generally characterized by a more general humid climate that in the rest of the occidental Andean Peruvian territory. Taking account of the parallelism between climate and vegetation units offered by bioclimatic belts and ombrotypes, geology and soils, and making plots according to the Braun-Blanquet methodology, the vegetation of the territory was studied. Two plant communities, 8 associations, 3 subassociations, 3 alliances, 1 order and 1 phytosociological class are described. As a result, we have analyzed the Cecropia montana and Heliocarpus americanus (thermotropical subhumid-humid) and the Muntingia calabura and Hura crepitans (infratropical dry-subhumid) plant communities, both belonging to the Nectandro laevis-Licarietea canellae class in the North of the territory. To the South, laurel like and sclerophyllous forests are represented by the new associations Axinaeo nitidae-Podocarpetum oleifolii (mesotropical, humid-hyperhumid forests), Verbesino auriculigerae-Siparunetum muricatae (mesotropical humid-hyperhumid forests on disturbed areas), Berberido beauverdianae-Myrcianthetum myrsinoidis (lower mesotropical dry-subhumid forests), and Aristeguietio discoloris-Kageneckietum lanceolatae (upper mesotropical dry-subhumid forests), all grouped into the new alliance Monnino pilosae-Myrcianthion myrsinoidis (Pruno rigidae-Oreopanacetea floribundi). The supra-mesotropical, subhumid-dry Baccharito latifoliae-Monactinetum flaverioidis and the mesotropical humid Monactino flaverioidis-Colignonietum parviflorae new associations are the successional shrublands of the forests, grouped into the new alliance Otholobio munyensis-Rubion robusti and into the new Andean class Clematido peruvianae-Baccharitetea latifoliae. Two new associations for the paramo (“jalca”) grasslands have been described with their subassociations: Calamagrostio tarmensis-Hypericetum laricifolii (supratropical humid grasslands from the Chota-Contumazá biogeographical sector), with cortaderietosum nitidae subassociation on rocky areas, and Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletum bonplandiani (orotropical humid-hyperhumid grasslands from the Chota-Contumazá biogeographical sector), with puyetosum fastuosae subassociation on humid soils, and calamagrostietosum curvulae as transitional subassociation to the puna grasslands in Central Peru. Furthermore, we have recognized and lectotypified the supratropical humid association Oreobolo goeppingieri-Hypericetum laricifolii from the Loja-Cutervo biogeographical sector. These grassland associations belong to the new alliance Agrostio tolucensis-Paspalion bonplandiani and to the new order Agrostio tolucensis-Paspaletalia bonplandiani (Calamagrostietea vicunarum class). Besides, we present a syntaxonomical scheme with all the phytosociological class studied for the moment in the Department of Cajamarca, including dry forest and succulent vegetation with cactus (Acacio macracanthae-Prosopidetea pallidae), Andean alder forests (Alnetea acuminatae), high Andean forests (Polylepidetea tarapacano-besseri), and helophytic river vegetation (Tessario integrifoliae-Baccharitetea salicifoliae). As a result of the study of the phytosociological units of Cajamarca, we comment the biogeography of Northern Peru establishing the Loja-Cutervo and Chota-Contumazá sectors, and finally, we have maped the potential vegetation of Cajamarca.

The article highlights the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. Northern Polesia has been and still remains the most polluted area. Full scale and limited economic activity is carried out on part of the contaminated territories. The zone of radioactive contamination includes half of the territory of this region, one third of the agricultural land and almost the same amount of the arable land. 9 districts, 734 towns and villages are located within the zone of radioactive contamination. In the long-term period after the disaster the situation in contaminated areas has improved and become predictable due to natural processes of recovery and implementation of countermeasures based on results of monitoring. However, until today regions of Ukrainian Polesia continue to produce agricultural products which do not meet the requirements of government regulations concerning the content of radionuclides in food and appear to present a threat to consumers. To assess the accumulation of 137Cs in plant products, we investigated the activity of these radionuclides in potatoes, vegetables, root crops and grains, and calculated the ratios of its transition from the ground to the products, which helped evaluate the intensity and amount of accumulation of radionuclides during the completion of the half-life period of 137Cs and evaluate the radiological situation in the northern regions of Polesia. The density of soil contamination with 137Cs and its specific activity in plant products grown on private plots were studied in three different districts of Zhytomyr region: Narodychi, Korosten and Ovruch. Analysis of the density of soil pollution with the 137Cs isotopes in the Northern part of Zhytomyr region in the post-disaster period shows that even 30 years after the tragedy, significant areas of arable land under certain conditions remain potentially dangerous on account of contaminated plant products. The specific activity of 137Cs in plant products grown on private plots was studied in residential places where soil contamination was detected. In particular, the list of studied crops included: potato tubers, white cabbage, fresh tomatoes, table beets, carrots, onions, beans, oat grains, corn grains. The most critical were populated areas located in zone II – village Vystupovychi of Ovruch district, village Loznytsia and village Khrystynivka of Narodychi district. In these settlements an excess of DR-2006 in plant products was noted despite the fact that an excess over the maximum permissible level of density of soil pollution was not observed. In decreasing order by the amount of CT 137Cs, we ranked crops as follows: beans > table beets > carrots > potato tubers > corn grains ˃ oats grains > white cabbage > onions > fresh tomatoes. For the population living on radioactively contaminated territories, plant products grown on private plots have been and still remain the main source of 137Cs radionuclides entering the body.

Today there is enough scientific research to prove the impact of climate change on agriculture. However, there is no conclusive conclusion as to what is in store for agriculture, its potential will increase or decrease. Significant consequences of the impact of climate change are likely to manifest themselves at the regional level, and this requires additional research for further adaptation of agriculture in the corresponding territory. The aim of the study is to assess changes in agro-climatic indicators at the regional level. The subject is the Komi Republic, located in the extreme northeast of the European part of the country. The chosen research methodology based on statistical processing of agro-climatic indicators for ten meteorological stations in the region for 1960-2018 and economic indicators of productivity and gross harvest of agricultural crops for 1913-2018 due to the large amount of data. Paired regression analysis used accurately interpret the results. The obtained mathematical models evaluated according to the Pearson coefficient, Student’s t-criterion, determination coefficient, F – Fisher’s criterion, so that the results of the study were reliable. For some regions, the consequences of climate change may turn out to be negative in the form of a decrease in food supply, for others - positive, due to an increase in the duration of the growing season and, accordingly, an increase in the potential productivity of agricultural crops. The relevance of the study is because these positive consequences will be especially characteristic for the northern territories. As a result, it revealed that in four agro-climatic regions of the Komi Republic, there were insignificant climatic changes for agriculture over a sixty-year period. An analysis of the yield of vegetables in open ground showed that it increased from 36 to 314 tons per hectare, and the gross yield of the main agricultural crop - potatoes - decreased almost 3 times, but the main reason is the reduction in acreage, and not climate change. However, the trend line for potato yields in the region as a whole shows an upward trend over a 100-year period. The performed paired regression analysis between the selected agro-climatic indicators and the yield of agricultural crops of the republic revealed an average direct relationship only between the yield of vegetables and the duration of the growing season, and the sum of average daily temperatures. Consequently, it is currently impossible to assert that the ongoing climatic changes have a significant impact on agriculture in the Komi Republic

В статье на основе комплекса этнографических и этнолингвистических источников обобщаются устойчивые выражения и народные представления донских казаков о дне Ильи-пророка. Последовательно характеризуются лексическое оформление календарной даты, представление о святом как подателе дождя, запреты на работу и купание в этот день, сельскохозяйственные приметы и предписания, символические ряды, в которые включается Ильин день. Установлено, что приуроченные ко дню Ильи-пророка приметы о выращивании огородных и бахчевых культур сближают верования донских казаков и жителей юга и юго-запада Восточной Славии. В двух районах зафиксировано оригинальное поверье о высиживании волшебного цветка капусты в канун Ильина дня. Отмечается отсутствие в исследуемом регионе развернутых обрядов, приуроченных к дню Ильи-пророка, выявлен рубежно-календарный характер праздника в ритуальном годе донских казаков (сезонная граница лета и осени, прекращение купального сезона, уборка овощей). The article analyzes folk ideas and set expressions associated with the day of the Holy Prophet Elijah. The study was conducted on the material obtained in the course of a field ethnographic study of the territory of the former Don Host Region (modern Rostov and part of Volgograd Oblasts), carried out in the period from 1981 to 2014. The work was carried out using descriptive and typological methods, as well as a complex ethnolinguistic methodology, which involves the study of the language through the prism of human consciousness, mentality, everyday and ritual behavior, mythological representations and mythopoetic creativity. The lexical design of the calendar date and the idea of a saint as a rainmaker are consistently characterized. Various forms of regulation of behavior associated with chores are described. The existing ban on swimming in the period after the day of Elijah the Prophet is emphasized; explanations of this ban that existed in traditional notions are given, the lack of need to observe this ban at later times is revealed. The significance of the day of Elijah the Prophet as a landmark date in the cycles of growing garden and melon crops, in particular, onions, cabbage, etc., is described. Proverbs, signs and beliefs associated with the cultivation of these crops in the corresponding period are given. Analyzing the texts of sources about holidays and behavior regulation, the author notes the presence of symbolic rows, which include St. Elijah’s Day. A significant part of the considered motives is known to all Eastern Slavs. The absence of detailed rites on St. Elijah’s Day was established in the region under study. The boundary-calendar nature of the holiday in the ritual year of the Don Cossacks was revealed (seasonal border of summer and autumn, cessation of the swimming season, harvesting vegetables). The author determines that the signs dated to the day of Elijah the Prophet regarding the cultivation of garden and melon crops bring together the beliefs of the Don Cossacks and the inhabitants of the south and south-west of Eastern Slavia. In two regions, an original belief was recorded about the hatching of a magical cabbage flower on the eve of St. Elijah’s Day. In the former Don Host Region, the image of this day is highlighted against the background of more northern local traditions, where the function of the saint as the bearer of the harvest is more clearly expressed.

The article presents the results of the classification of lawn vegetation of the Ufa city. Lawns are the most common element of urban landscapes which, as a rule, occupy 60–80 % of the total green area of cities. A lawn is a community of herbs growing on a uniform area and forming a turf cover for which mixture of seeds of perennial cereals is selected on the basis of local climatic conditions and soil, as well as having in mind the purpose of the lawn. The research was conducted in 2018 in the capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan — the Ufa city with a population of 1100 thousand people. The Ufa city (54°44′00″ N and 55°58′00″ E) is situated on the banks of the Belaya River, at the Ufa and Dema ri­vers confluence, on the Pribelskaya hilly plain, 100 km west of the Southern Ural ranges within the northern part of forest-steppe zone. The city area is 707.93 km², the length from north to south is 53.5 km, that from west to east is 29.8 km in the widest part. The climate is temperate continental. The mean annual air temperature is 3.8 °С; the amount of precipitation is 589 mm. Negative mean monthly temperatures are typical for five months a year; some frosts are possible all over the year except July and August. The mean January temperature is –14.6 °С, with absolute minimum –54 °С; this of July is 19 °С, with absolute maximum 40 °С. The frost-free period averages 137 days. 100 relevés (authors Anishchenko I. E. and Zhigunov O. Yu.) of various types of lawns were included in the base of synanthropic vegetation of settlements of the Republic of Bashkortostan by using the ­TURBOVEG program (Hennekens, 1995). The size of the sample plot is 4 m2. The species abundance was evaluated on the Braun-Blanquetscale (Mirkin, Naumova, 1998). Names of species are given according to S. K. Cherepanov (1995), and P. F. Mayevskiy (2014). The classification was carried out using the Braun-Blanquetmethod (Braun-Blanquet, 1964; Westhoff, Maarel, 1978) by using the JUICE program (Tichý, 2002); the names of the new units are in accordance with the “Code of phytosociological nomenclature” (Weber et al., 2005). All syntaxa were compared with the units previously described in the Republic of Bashkortostan and other regions (Ishbirdin et al., 1989; Vegetace..., 2007; and others). Synoptic tables are given in reduced form with species of constancy III and higher in one or several syntaxa. The names of the higher syntaxa are given after “Vegetation of Europe...” (Mucina et al., 2016). The Prodromus includes four associations related to class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and alliance Cynosurion cristati: Leontodonto–Poetum pratensis Anishchenko et Ishbirdina in Ishbirdina et al. 1989 ex Anishchenko et al. ass. nov. hoc loco (with two subassociations and four facies, see below); Poo pratensis–Plantaginetum majoris Ishbirdin et al. 1988, Inulo britannicae–Trifolietum repentis Solomeshch in Ishbirdin et al. 1988, Lolietum perennis Gams 1927. Associations and subassociations reflect disturbance of lawns due to trampling expressed in the larger number of synanthropic species and partly in dominance of the cereals that enter into the lawn grass mixtures. Over the past 30 years, the vegetation of lawns in the Ufa city has drastically changed due to variations in the composition of sown grass mixtures. The ass. Leontodonto–Poetum pratensis is the main lawn association of the Ufa city. It combines coenoses of various types of lawns — from seed to roll ones. Dominants are species of the alliance Cynosurion cristati (Amoria repens, Leontodon autumnalis, Medicago lupulina, Taraxacum officinale, etc.) and the class Polygono–Poetea annuae (Lepidotheca suaveolens, Plantago major, Poa annua, etc.), resistant to the mowing and trampling. The main factor in community differentiation is anthropogenic disturbance, according to which 2 subassociations are distinguished: L.–P. p. typicum subass. nov. hoc loco (Tables 4, 5; nomenclature type: (holotypus hoc loco) — Table 4, relevé 15: Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Monument Druzhby, 16.07.2018, 54.71176 N, 55.96351 E. Authors — I. E. Anishchenko, O. Yu. Zhigunov) — less disturbed lawns and L.–P. p. cichorietosum intybi subass. nov. hoc loco (Tables 6, 7; nomenclature type: (holotypus hoc loco) — Table 6, relevé 14: Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Komsomolskaya str., 108 а, 17.07.2018, 54.75213 N, 56.00659 E. Authors — I. E. Anishchenko, O. Yu. Zhigunov) — more disturbed ones with high amount of the synanthropic species. The type of grass mixture sown also influences on the coenoflora composition. Four facies are distinguished within both subassociations according to variations in abundance of cereals: typica (prevalence of Poa pratensis) (Fig. 1) in subass. typicum; Festuca rubra (Fig. 2) in both ones (disturbed and non disturbed lawns); Festuca pratensis in subass. cichorietosum intybi. The comparative analysis given in Table 1 showed the stabi­lity of the floristic composition of communities, lawns formed by grass mixes of various types: both seed and roll. The differences are either in the degree of weediness of the lawns, or in the nature of the dominance of individual cereals. A comparison of the associations of the union Cynosurion cristati described on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Table 2) showed that in urban conditions the constancy and abundance of meadow species (Lathyrus pratensis, Phleum pratense, Prunella vulgaris, Ranunculus polyanthemos, Stellaria gra­minea, etc.) are significantly reduced. while these values for synanthropic species (Capsella bursa-pastoris, Convolvulus arvensis, Tripleurospermum perforatum, etc.) are naturally increasing. This fact suggests specificity of communities of ass. Leontodonto–Poetum pratensis in the system of the union Cynosurion cristati. The associations Inulo britannicae–Trifolietum repentis (Table 10) and Poo pratensis–Plantaginetum majoris (Table 9, Fig. 3) unites old degraded lawns under trampling and are close to similar communities of ruderal vegetation. The ass. Lolietum perennis (Table 11, Fig. 4) is an example of the “introduction” of West European lawns, due to the use of grass mixtures with Lolium perenne. The vegetation of rolled and seeded lawns is not significantly different. In comparison with the syntaxa from different regions of Russia and Europe the lawn communities of the Southern Urals are more clogged and have more thermophilic species such as Carduus acanthoides, Cichorium intybus, Tripleurospermum perforatum, etc. Changes in their composition since 1980s are associated with the use of modern grass mixtures with other grasses.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. & de Not. Ascomycota: Pleosporales Hosts: Oilseed rape (Brassica napus var. napus), radish (Raphanus sativus), turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) and other vegetable brassicas (Brassica oleracea). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, ASIA, Armenia, China, Henan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Republic of Georgia, India, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Iran, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Korea Republic, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Sabah, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, AFRICA, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, California, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Kentucky, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Panama, Puerto Rico, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.

Abstract Objective: High-quality diets, characterised by nutrient-rich foods, are one of the foundations for health and well-being. Indicators of diet quality, antioxidants, are associated with protection against cardiometabolic diseases. The current study explores relationships between plasma antioxidants and cardiometabolic risk among Aboriginal people in Australia. Design: As part of a community-driven health promotion programme, we conducted a cross-sectional study including a health-behaviour questionnaire, plasma antioxidants and cardiometabolic risk markers (anthropometric, blood pressure measurements, fasting glucose, glycated Hb (HbA1c), lipids, C-reactive protein and albumin-creatinine-ratio) continuous and categorised into population-specific cut-offs. Antioxidants (β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein-zeaxanthin, retinol and α-tocopherol measured using HPLC) were applied to a principal component analysis, which aggregated these into a single component. Linear regression models were applied to investigate associations between the antioxidant component and cardiometabolic risk markers. Setting: Community in a remote area in Northern Territory, Australia. Participants: A total of 324 Aboriginal people, mean age 35·5 (range 15–75) years. Results: Antioxidant component levels were higher among individuals with higher self-reported vegetable intake (P < 0·01), higher among individuals with higher self-reported fruit intake (P = 0·05) and lower among current smokers (P = 0·06). Linear regression revealed an inverse association between the antioxidant component and C-reactive protein (β = –0·01, P < 0·01) after adjusting for confounders. Conclusion: Higher plasma antioxidant levels, indicators of diet quality, were associated with lower levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in this Aboriginal population in remote Australia. This association suggests plasma antioxidants may be protective against inflammation; however, longitudinal studies are needed to examine this potentially protective relationship.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) Diptera: Tephritidae Attacks fruits (including fruit-vegetables such as tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Capsicum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, USA, California, SOUTH AMERICA, Easter Island, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.

Growing high harvest of fruit in apple orchards is one of the priority tasks of gardeners in Ukraine. It is important to place the plantations in the most favorable zones for climatic conditions and in areas with appropriate soil conditions for certain apple varieties. This is achieved by introducing high-yielding, earlyfruiting, immune varieties with high fruit qualities, introducing appropriate rootstocks, especially weak and medium-sized, using optimal planting schemes, the correct methods of pruning trees. The aim is to study the productivity of new apple varieties in the Kyiv region. The research was performed during 2020-2021 at the Department of Horticulture prof. V.L. Symyrenko NULES of Ukraine. The experimental base for the research was apple orchards, which are located on the territory of the Training Laboratory "Fruit and Vegetable Garden" of NULES of Ukraine (Kyiv). The research site is located in the northern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. In the course of research conducted phenological observations, also, studied the morphological features of young plants, determined the assimilation surface area, counted the number of fruit formations, established the resistance of the studied varieties to the complex of pests and diseases, and determined the economic efficiency of growing new apple varieties in Kyiv region. The most intensive flowering took place in ‘Dmiana’ (9 points), while the other varieties - about (2-6 points). Flowering time was 7 (‘Palanka’, ‘Bahachka’) - 11 days (‘Dzhonahold’). Shoot duration - 67 (‘Palanka’) - 74 days (‘Hold Rash’, ‘Dzhuliia’, ‘Siabrina’, ‘Bahachka’, ‘Dmiana’). The number of fruits tied for the second year in the garden was the highest in the ‘Dmiana’ variety (average 20 pieces / tree). The results of research showed that most of the studied varieties were precocious. Most fruit formations were formed in the varieties ‘Siabrina’ (52 pieces), ‘Hold Rash’ (45 pieces), ‘Harant’ (43 pieces). According to the data obtained, it can be stated that in these varieties for the third year after planting there is an increase in productivity. The studied varieties for the 2nd year after planting have a height of 204 cm (‘Harant’) - 156 cm (‘Rozela’). There is a pattern: the small diameter of the trunk correlates with the small size of the tree itself in the varieties ‘Rubinola’, ‘Hold Rash’, ‘Dzhonahold’, and ‘Rozela’. Varieties with a large trunk circumference are characterized by significant tree growth (‘Berehynia’, ‘Palanka’, ‘Siabrina’, ‘Bahachka’). The exceptions are ‘Harant’ (tall trees with a fairly small trunk circumference) and ‘Dzhuliia’ and ‘Dmiana’ (large trunk circumference at low tree height). The largest leaf surface area was found in the varieties ‘Berehynia’ (1284.32 m2/ ha) and ‘Bahachka’ (1221.08 m2/ ha). ‘Hold Rash’ (218.88 m2/ ha), ‘Rubinola’ (412.0 m2/ ha) and ‘Dzhonahold’ (348.3 m2/ ha) were characterized by weak foliage. From the point of view of profitability it is expedient to grow all varieties. Varieties such as ‘Dmiana’, ‘Dzhuliia’, ‘Dzhonahold’ and ‘Palanka’ have the highest profitability rates (128 %), while ‘Rozela’ and ‘Rubinola’ have the lowest rates (63.6 %). Based on research, all varieties are recommended for cultivation in the Kiev region. Of particular note are the varieties ‘Dmiana’, ‘Dzhuliia’ and ‘Palanka’, which showed the best results in terms of productivity and resistance to a complex of diseases.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Listroderes costirostris Schönherr Coleoptera: Curculionidae Attacks a wide range of vegetables and weeds. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, France, Portugal, Mainland Portugal, Spain, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain, ASIA, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Shikoku, Korea Republic, Taiwan, AFRICA, Morocco, South Africa, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Bahia, Parana, Santa Catarina, Chile, Easter Island, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island.

Abstract Objective: To rigorously develop a tool which enables rapid yet comprehensive appraisal of the consumer food retail environment and provision of real-time feedback to store managers and owners, based on the ‘4Ps’ principles of marketing. Design: Multi-stage iterative approach including (1) Systematic literature review; (2) Stakeholder consultation; (3) Assessment of existing tools against identified needs; (4) Tool development; (5) Pilot testing and (6) Transition of tool to mobile application (the Store Scout app). Setting: Northern Territory, Australia. Participants: Nine remote Aboriginal community food stores; public health nutritionists, retailers, store board directors, Aboriginal community members, government representatives. Results: Forty-seven existing tools and thirty-four stakeholder interviews informed the development of the current instrument, which comprised: (1) seven product categories (Fruit & Vegetables, Drinks, Snack Foods, Meals & Convenience Foods, Meat & Seafood, Dairy & Eggs, Breads & Cereals) across the ‘4Ps’ (Product, Placement, Price, Promotion); (2) Store manager questions about context and perceived importance of key principles about the store environment and (3) a scoring and feedback component. The tool was considered feasible and acceptable by all testers. Conclusions: The developed tool addresses an unmet need to measure the consumer food retail environment across all 4Ps whilst also incorporating manager perspectives and immediate feedback. Our objectives of developing a comprehensive, feasible and acceptable instrument were achieved during pilot testing. The tool will support implementation of best practice within stores to encourage healthy food choices and has potential for broad application in retail settings locally and internationally, as well as for research purposes.