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Journal articles on the topic 'VEC'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Afni, Inda Silvia, Yanita ., and Nova Noliza Bakar. "OPERATOR VEC DAN VECH PADA MATRIKS." Jurnal Matematika UNAND 7, no. 1 (February 14, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jmu.7.1.85-92.2018.

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Abstrak. Tulisan ini membahas tentang sifat-sifat operator vec dan operator vech sertahubungan operator vec dengan hasilkali Kronecker dan matriks vec-permutasi. Teoriyang diterapkan yaitu hubungan operator vec dan operator vech, hasilkali Kroneckerdan matriks vec-permutasi.Kata Kunci: Operator vec, operator vech, hasilkali Kronecker, matriks vec-permutasi
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2

Assimakis, Nicholas, and Maria Adam. "Closed Form Solutions of Lyapunov Equations Using the Vech and Veck Operators." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICS 20 (June 2, 2021): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23206.2021.20.28.

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New closed forms are presented of the solutions of the continuous and discrete Lyapunov equations using the vech and veck operators. The proposed solutions are faster than the classical solutions derived using the vec operator. The solutions via veck operator are faster than the solutions via vech operator
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3

Yeh, Yi-Ting, Danielle E. Skinner, Ernesto Criado-Hidalgo, Natalie Shee Chen, Antoni Garcia-De Herreros, Nelly El-Sakkary, Lawrence Liu, et al. "Biomechanical interactions of Schistosoma mansoni eggs with vascular endothelial cells facilitate egg extravasation." PLOS Pathogens 18, no. 3 (March 22, 2022): e1010309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010309.

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The eggs of the parasitic blood fluke, Schistosoma, are the main drivers of the chronic pathologies associated with schistosomiasis, a disease of poverty afflicting approximately 220 million people worldwide. Eggs laid by Schistosoma mansoni in the bloodstream of the host are encapsulated by vascular endothelial cells (VECs), the first step in the migration of the egg from the blood stream into the lumen of the gut and eventual exit from the body. The biomechanics associated with encapsulation and extravasation of the egg are poorly understood. We demonstrate that S. mansoni eggs induce VECs to form two types of membrane extensions during encapsulation; filopodia that probe eggshell surfaces and intercellular nanotubes that presumably facilitate VEC communication. Encapsulation efficiency, the number of filopodia and intercellular nanotubes, and the length of these structures depend on the egg’s vitality and, to a lesser degree, its maturation state. During encapsulation, live eggs induce VEC contractility and membranous structures formation in a Rho/ROCK pathway-dependent manner. Using elastic hydrogels embedded with fluorescent microbeads as substrates to culture VECs, live eggs induce VECs to exert significantly greater contractile forces during encapsulation than dead eggs, which leads to 3D deformations on both the VEC monolayer and the flexible substrate underneath. These significant mechanical deformations cause the VEC monolayer tension to fluctuate with the eventual rupture of VEC junctions, thus facilitating egg transit out of the blood vessel. Overall, our data on the mechanical interplay between host VECs and the schistosome egg improve our understanding of how this parasite manipulates its immediate environment to maintain disease transmission.
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4

Yeh, Yi-Ting, Ricardo Serrano, Joshua François, Jeng-Jiann Chiu, Yi-Shuan Julie Li, Juan C. del Álamo, Shu Chien, and Juan C. Lasheras. "Three-dimensional forces exerted by leukocytes and vascular endothelial cells dynamically facilitate diapedesis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717489115.

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Leukocyte transmigration across vessel walls is a critical step in the innate immune response. Upon their activation and firm adhesion to vascular endothelial cells (VECs), leukocytes preferentially extravasate across junctional gaps in the endothelial monolayer (paracellular diapedesis). It has been hypothesized that VECs facilitate paracellular diapedesis by opening their cell–cell junctions in response to the presence of an adhering leukocyte. However, it is unclear how leukocytes interact mechanically with VECs to open the VEC junctions and migrate across the endothelium. In this study, we measured the spatial and temporal evolution of the 3D traction stresses generated by the leukocytes and VECs to elucidate the sequence of mechanical events involved in paracellular diapedesis. Our measurements suggest that the contractile stresses exerted by the leukocytes and the VECs can separately perturb the junctional tensions of VECs to result in the opening of gaps before the initiation of leukocyte transmigration. Decoupling the stresses exerted by the transmigrating leukocytes and the VECs reveals that the leukocytes actively contract the VECs to open a junctional gap and then push themselves across the gap by generating strong stresses that push into the matrix. In addition, we found that diapedesis is facilitated when the tension fluctuations in the VEC monolayer were increased by proinflammatory thrombin treatment. Our findings demonstrate that diapedesis can be mechanically regulated by the transmigrating leukocytes and by proinflammatory signals that increase VEC contractility.
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5

Sun, James, Brian R. Gastman, Lucy McCahon, Elizabeth I. Buchbinder, Igor Puzanov, Michele Nanni, James M. Lewis, et al. "Observational study of talimogene laherparepvec use in the anti-PD-1 era for melanoma in the US (COSMUS-2)." Melanoma Management 7, no. 2 (July 2020): MMT41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/mmt-2020-0005.

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Aim: Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is an intralesional therapy for unresectable, metastatic melanoma. T-VEC real-world use in the context of anti-PD1-based therapy requires further characterization. Materials & methods: A retrospective review of T-VEC use from 1 January 2017 and 31 March 2018 for melanoma patients was conducted at seven US institutions. Results: Among 83 patients, three categories of T-VEC and anti-PD-1 therapy were identified: T-VEC used without anti-PD-1 (n = 29, 35%), T-VEC after anti-PD-1-based therapy (n = 22, 27%) and concurrent T-VEC and anti-PD-1-based therapy (n = 32, 39%). 25% of patients discontinued T-VEC therapy due to no remaining injectable lesions, 37% discontinued T-VEC due to progressive disease. Discontinuation of T-VEC did not differ by anti-PD-1-based therapy use or timing. Conclusion: In real-world settings, T-VEC may be used concurrently with or after anti-PD-1-based therapy.
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6

Meeson, A., M. Palmer, M. Calfon, and R. Lang. "A relationship between apoptosis and flow during programmed capillary regression is revealed by vital analysis." Development 122, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 3929–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.122.12.3929.

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Previous analyses of developmentally programmed capillary regression suggested two distinct causes of vascular endothelial cell (VEC) death. The first appeared to be macrophage-dependent (Lang, R. A. and Bishop, M. J. (1993) Cell 74, 453–462) while the second was proposed to result from cessation of blood flow (Lang, R. A., Lustig, M., Francois, F., Sellinger, M. and Plesken, H. (1994). Development 120, 3395–3403). Combined, these analyses suggested a model in which initial, macrophage-mediated endothelial cell apoptosis blocked blood flow within a capillary segment and, as a consequence, caused apoptosis of all remaining cells in the affected segment. In the current study, we have tested this model using a new method that combines vital and histological analyses as a means of determining the fate of whole capillary segments and individual cells in vivo. This technique revealed that one of the first events in regression was the apoptosis of a single VEC in otherwise normal, flowing capillary segments (initiating apoptosis). These isolated, dying VECs projected into and restricted the capillary lumen, imposing either a temporary or permanent block to blood flow. Following cessation of flow, synchronous apoptosis of VECs occurred (secondary apoptosis). In addition, a quantitative analysis revealed a reciprocal relationship between plasma flow and VEC apoptosis. These observations are consistent with a model for capillary regression in which macrophages induce apoptosis in a limited number of VECs and, as a consequence of a block to blood flow, also cause apoptosis in those remaining.
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7

SHPARLINSKI, IGOR E. "ON POINT SETS IN VECTOR SPACES OVER FINITE FIELDS THAT DETERMINE ONLY ACUTE ANGLE TRIANGLES." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 81, no. 1 (October 21, 2009): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972709000719.

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AbstractFor three points$\vec {u}$,$\vec {v}$and$\vec {w}$in then-dimensional space 𝔽nqover the finite field 𝔽qofqelements we give a natural interpretation of an acute angle triangle defined by these points. We obtain an upper bound on the size of a set 𝒵 such that all triples of distinct points$\vec {u}, \vec {v}, \vec {w} \in \cZ $define acute angle triangles. A similar question in the real space ℛndates back to P. Erdős and has been studied by several authors.
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8

Banakh, T., O. Hryniv, and V. Hudym. "$G$-deviations of polygons and their applications in Electric Power Engineering." Matematychni Studii 55, no. 2 (June 22, 2021): 188–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/ms.55.2.188-200.

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For any metric space $X$ endowed with the action of a group $G$, and two $n$-gons $\vec x=(x_1,\dots,x_n)\in X^n$ and $\vec y=(y_1,\dots,y_n)\in X^n$ in $X$, we introduce the $G$-deviation $d(G\vec x,\vec y\,)$ of $\vec x$ from $\vec y$ as the distance in $X^n$ from $\vec y$ to the $G$-orbit $G\vec x$ of $\vec x$ in the $n$-th power $X^n$ of $X$. For some groups $G$ of affine transformations of the complex plane, we deduce simple-to-apply formulas for calculating the $G$-deviation between $n$-gons on the complex plane. We apply these formulas for defining new measures of asymmetry of triangles. These new measures can be applied in Electric Power Engineering for evaluating the quality of 3-phase electric power. One of such measures, namely the affine deviation, is espressible via the unbalance degree, which is a standard characteristic of quality of three-phase electric power.
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9

Abdulhameed, Tiba Zaki, Imed Zitouni, and Ikhlas Abdel-Qader. "Wasf-Vec." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 19, no. 2 (March 2, 2020): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3345517.

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10

Jinadasa, K. G. "Applications of the matrix operators vech and vec." Linear Algebra and its Applications 101 (April 1988): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3795(88)90143-7.

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11

Kinman, T., and F. Castelli. "The determination of ${{\vec T}_{\sf eff}}$ for metal-poor A-type stars using ${\vec V}$ and 2MASS ${\vec J}$, ${\vec H}$ and ${\vec K}$ magnitudes." Astronomy & Astrophysics 391, no. 3 (August 9, 2002): 1039–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020806.

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12

Hollmer, Cara, Michael Essmann, Kevin Ault, and Bryan Larsen. "Adherence and Blocking ofCandida Albicansto Cultured Vaginal Epithelial Cells: Treatments to Decrease Adherence." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006 (2006): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/idog/2006/98218.

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Background. Pathogenesis of mucosal microorganisms depends on adherence to the tissues they colonize and infect. ForCandida albicans, cell surface hydrophobicity may play a significant role in tissue binding ability.Methods. A continuous cell line of vaginal epithelial cells (VEC) was grown in keratinocyte serum-free medium (KSFM) with supplements and harvested by trypsinization. VEC were combined with yeast cells to evaluate adherence and inhibition of adherence. In this experimental setup, yeast stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate were allowed to attach to VEC and the resulting fluorescent VEC were detected by flow cytometry.Results. VEC were cultured and examined daily after plating and showed morphology similar to basal epithelial cells. Culture media supplemented with estradiol showed increased VEC proliferation initially (first24h) but cell morphology was not altered. FluorescinatedCandidacells bound effectively to the cultured VEC. Using fresh cells exposed to various preparations of K-Y, we showed that all formulations of the product reducedCandidabinding to VEC by25%to50%. While VEC were generally harvested for use in experiments when they were near confluent growth, we allowed some cultures to grow beyond that point and discovered that cells allowed to become overgrown or stressed appeared to bind yeast cells more effectively.Conclusion. Flow cytometry is a useful method for evaluating binding of stained yeast cells to cultured VEC and has demonstrated that commercially available products have the ability to interfere with the process of yeast adherence to epithelial cells.
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Bach, Annika, and Liesel Sommer. "A Γ-convergence result for fluid-filled fracture propagation." ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 54, no. 3 (April 28, 2020): 1003–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/m2an/2020016.

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In this paper we provide a rigorous asymptotic analysis of a phase-field model used to simulate pressure-driven fracture propagation in poro-elastic media. More precisely, assuming a given pressure p ∈ W 1,∞ (Ω) we show that functionals of the form $$ E(\vec{u})={\int }_{\mathrm{\Omega }} e(\vec{u}):\mathbb{C}e(\vec{u})+p\nabla \cdot \vec{u}+\left\langle \nabla p,\vec{u}\right\rangle\enspace \mathrm{d}x+{\mathcal{H}}^{n-1}({J}_{\vec{u}}),\enspace \vec{u}\in \mathrm{G}{SBD}(\mathrm{\Omega })\cap {L}^1(\mathrm{\Omega };{\mathbb{R}}^n) $$ can be approximated in terms of Γ-convergence by a sequence of phase-field functionals, which are suitable for numerical simulations. The Γ-convergence result is complemented by a numerical example where the phase-field model is implemented using a Discontinuous Galerkin Discretization.
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14

Xuan, Hongzhuan, Ruiliang Zhu, Yajing Li, and Fuliang Hu. "Inhibitory Effect of Chinese Propolis on Phosphatidylcholine-Specific Phospholipase C Activity in Vascular Endothelial Cells." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/985278.

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To understand the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory action of Chinese propolis, we investigated its effect on the activity of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) that plays critical roles in control of vascular endothelial cell (VEC) function and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, p53 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were investigated. Our data indicated that treatment of Chinese propolis 6.25 and 12.5 μg/ml for 12 hours increased VEC viability obviously. Exposure to Chinese propolis 6.25, 12.5, and 25 μg/ml for 6 and 12 hours significantly decreased PC-PLC activity and p53 level, and ROS levels were depressed by Chinese propolis 12.5 μg/ml and 25 μg/ml dramatically. TheΔψm of VECs was not affected by Chinese propolis at low concentration but disrupted by the propolis at 25 μg/ml significantly, which indicated that Chinese propolis depressed PC-PLC activity and the levels of p53 and ROS in VECs but disruptedΔψm at a high concentration.
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Song, Wenmin, Yu Lv, Zizhao Tang, Fangqin Nie, Panhao Huang, Qi Pei, and Ren Guo. "Bazedoxifene Plays a Protective Role against Inflammatory Injury of Endothelial Cells by Targeting CD40." Cardiovascular Therapeutics 2020 (December 14, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1795853.

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The inflammatory response and oxidative stress play key roles in the formation and development of atherosclerosis. Bazedoxifene is a new IL6/GP130 inhibitor recommended by the FDA for clinical use as a selective estrogen receptor modulator. However, its role in cardiovascular diseases has been poorly studied. In our study, we explored the mechanism of bazedoxifene’s protective effect against inflammatory injury of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) stimulated by TNF-α. Various methods were used to verify the effect of bazedoxifene on VECs, including a cell viability assay, a wound healing assay, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting. Our results showed that TNF-α could induce inflammatory damage to VECs, which manifested as upregulated expression of CD40, increased production of ROS, enhanced adhesion of THP-1 cells to VECs, and impaired viability and migration of VECs, while bazedoxifene could significantly reduce the endothelial damage caused by TNF-α. In addition, we found that an siRNA targeting CD40 dramatically alleviated the VEC damage induced by TNF-α. Therefore, we explored the potential relationship between bazedoxifene and CD40. Our data suggest that bazedoxifene has a protective effect against VEC damage induced by TNF-α and that its underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of CD40.
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Арбаб, Арбаб Ибрагим, and Arbab Ibrahim Arbab. "Взаимодействие кватернионного поля Дирака с бозонным полем." Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika 203, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4213/tmf9757.

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Бикватернионное уравнение Дирака обобщается путем включения в него взаимодействия с фоновым бозонным полем. Полученное бикватернионное уравнение Дирака дает подобные максвеловским уравнения, которые справедливы как для поля материи, так и для электромагнитного поля. Установлено, что электрическое поле перпендикулярно полю магнитной материи, а магнитное поле - полю инерционной материи. Показано, что инерционная и магнитная массы сохраняются отдельно. Плотность магнитной массы возникает как следствие связи между векторным потенциалом и полем инерционной материи. Наличие векторного и скалярного потенциалов, а также полей инерционной и магнитной материи изменяет стандартную форму полученных уравнений Максвелла. Итоговые уравнения электродинамики со взаимодействием являются обобщением уравнений для аксионоподобных полей Вильчека или Черна-Саймонса. Поле в бикватернионном поле Дирака воспроизводит аксионное поле Вильчека. Показано, что вектор электромагнитного поля $\vec F=\vec E+ic\vec B$, где $\vec E$ и $\vec B$ - соответственно электрическое и магнитное поля, удовлетворяет уравнению Дирака с массой в дополнение к тому, что $\vec\nabla\cdot\vec F=0$.
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OLAGUNJU, AYODELE, and JILL GUNN. "WHAT INFLUENCES VALUED ECOSYSTEM COMPONENT SELECTION FOR CUMULATIVE EFFECTS IN IMPACT ASSESSMENT?" Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333213500221.

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Despite the central role of valued ecosystem component (VEC) selection to project impact assessment (IA) and cumulative effects assessment (CEA), little is known about what influences it. To potentially improve the efficacy of CEA, a look into the "black box" of VEC selection is warranted. An investigation of eleven road construction project IAs in Canada completed between 1995 and 2011 via document analysis and interviews with project informants reveals a heavy reliance on residual effects analysis for CEA VEC selection, such that project VEC list are often exactly or nearly the same as CEA VEC lists. The process of VEC selection is highly subjective, lacking in scientific inputs, and not as sensitive to cumulative effects issues as it perhaps should be given the nature of road projects. The study concludes that a "residual effects analysis—plus" approach to CEA VEC selection is desirable, along with explicit, possibly sector-specific, guidance.
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18

Yang, Dan, Jinchao Yu, Jingjing Zhang, and Xiaoying Zhu. "A class of hypersurfaces in $ \mathbb{E}^{n+1}_{s} $ satisfying $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda\vec{H} $." AIMS Mathematics 7, no. 1 (2022): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2022003.

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<abstract><p>A nondegenerate hypersurface in a pseudo-Euclidean space $ \mathbb{E}^{n+1}_{s} $ is called to have proper mean curvature vector if its mean curvature $ \vec{H} $ satisfies $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda \vec{H} $ for a constant $ \lambda $. In 2013, Arvanitoyeorgos and Kaimakamis conjectured <sup>[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1">1</xref>]</sup>: any hypersurface satisfying $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda \vec{H} $ in pseudo-Euclidean space $ \mathbb E_{s}^{n+1} $ has constant mean curvature. This paper will give further support evidences to this conjecture by proving that a linear Weingarten hypersurface $ M^{n}_{r} $ in $ \mathbb E^{n+1}_{s} $ satisfying $ \Delta \vec{H} = \lambda \vec{H} $ has constant mean curvature if $ M^{n}_{r} $ has diagonalizable shape operator with less than seven distinct principal curvatures.</p></abstract>
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Gerbner, Dániel, Abhishek Methuku, Dániel T. Nagy, Balázs Patkós, and Máté Vizer. "Vertex Turán problems for the oriented hypercube." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Mathematica 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 356–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausm-2021-0022.

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Abstract In this short note we consider the oriented vertex Turán problem in the hypercube: for a fixed oriented graph F → \vec F , determine the maximum cardinality e x v ( F → , Q → n ) e{x_v}\left( {\vec F,{{\vec Q}_n}} \right) of a subset U of the vertices of the oriented hypercube Q → n {\vec Q_n} such that the induced subgraph Q → n [ U ] {\vec Q_n}\left[ U \right] does not contain any copy of F → \vec F . We obtain the exact value of e x v ( P k , → Q n → ) e{x_v}\left( {\overrightarrow {{P_k},} \,\overrightarrow {{Q_n}} } \right) for the directed path P k → \overrightarrow {{P_k}} , the exact value of e x v ( V 2 → , Q n → ) e{x_v}\left( {\overrightarrow {{V_2}} ,\,\overrightarrow {{Q_n}} } \right) for the directed cherry V 2 → \overrightarrow {{V_2}} and the asymptotic value of e x v ( T → , Q n → ) e{x_v}\left( {\overrightarrow T ,\overrightarrow {{Q_n}} } \right) for any directed tree T → \vec T .
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Heo, Jeong, Caroline Breitbach, Mong Cho, Tae-Ho Hwang, Chang Won Kim, Ung Bae Jeon, Hyun Young Woo, et al. "Phase II trial of Pexa-Vec (pexastimogene devacirepvec; JX-594), an oncolytic and immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus, followed by sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 4122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.4122.

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4122^ Background: Pexa-Vec is a vaccinia virus engineered to express granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), thereby stimulating direct oncolysis, tumor vascular disruption and anti-tumor immunity (Nat Rev Cancer 2009). Pexa-Vec was shown to replicate in metastatic tumors following intratumoral (IT) or intravenous (IV) administration (Lancet Oncol 2008; Nature 2011). Preclinical and clinical data suggest that Pexa-Vec-induced acute vascular disruption sensitizes tumors to anti-angiogenic effects of sorafenib (Mol Ther 2011). Methods: Treatment-refractory HCC patients received Pexa-Vec for 3 weeks (Day 1 IV, Day 8 IT and Day 22 IT) followed by sorafenib at Day 25. The primary objective of the study was to determine the safety of Pexa-Vec followed by sorafenib. Secondary objectives include disease control rate based on mRECIST and Choi (hypodensity) response criteria after Pexa-Vec only (Day 25) and after sorafenib initiation (Week 6 and 12). Optional assessments included response by positron-emission tomography (PET). Data summarized prior to database lock. Results: Enrollment is completed: 25 patients of which 20 were refractory to sorafenib. The treatment regimen was well-tolerated. Transient flu-like symptoms, including fever (n=23; 92%), chills (n=19; 76%), headache and nausea (n=10; 40%), abdominal pain and lymphopenia (n=10; 40%) were the most common adverse events following Pexa-Vec. Sorafenib toxicities were consistent with the expected profile. After Pexa-Vec alone the Choi tumor response rate was 47%. Following subsequent sorafenib therapy, 75% had Choi responses, including 81% of sorafenib-failure patients. The mRECIST disease control rate was 62% with Pexa-Vec alone and 59% following initiation of sorafenib. Two of 4 patients evaluable for PET response exhibited decreased PET signal after Pexa-Vec. Conclusions: Pexa-Vec was well-tolerated and associated with Choi tumor responses and disease control in patients with advanced HCC. Subsequent sorafenib was well-tolerated and associated with Choi responses. Further trials of Pexa-Vec in HCC patients are warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT01171651.
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Andtbacka, Robert H. I., Howard L. Kaufman, Frances Collichio, Thomas Amatruda, Neil Senzer, Jason Chesney, Keith A. Delman, et al. "Talimogene Laherparepvec Improves Durable Response Rate in Patients With Advanced Melanoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 25 (September 1, 2015): 2780–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.58.3377.

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Purpose Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is a herpes simplex virus type 1–derived oncolytic immunotherapy designed to selectively replicate within tumors and produce granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to enhance systemic antitumor immune responses. T-VEC was compared with GM-CSF in patients with unresected stage IIIB to IV melanoma in a randomized open-label phase III trial. Patients and Methods Patients with injectable melanoma that was not surgically resectable were randomly assigned at a two-to-one ratio to intralesional T-VEC or subcutaneous GM-CSF. The primary end point was durable response rate (DRR; objective response lasting continuously ≥ 6 months) per independent assessment. Key secondary end points included overall survival (OS) and overall response rate. Results Among 436 patients randomly assigned, DRR was significantly higher with T-VEC (16.3%; 95% CI, 12.1% to 20.5%) than GM-CSF (2.1%; 95% CI, 0% to 4.5%]; odds ratio, 8.9; P < .001). Overall response rate was also higher in the T-VEC arm (26.4%; 95% CI, 21.4% to 31.5% v 5.7%; 95% CI, 1.9% to 9.5%). Median OS was 23.3 months (95% CI, 19.5 to 29.6 months) with T-VEC and 18.9 months (95% CI, 16.0 to 23.7 months) with GM-CSF (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.62 to 1.00; P = .051). T-VEC efficacy was most pronounced in patients with stage IIIB, IIIC, or IVM1a disease and in patients with treatment-naive disease. The most common adverse events (AEs) with T-VEC were fatigue, chills, and pyrexia. The only grade 3 or 4 AE occurring in ≥ 2% of T-VEC–treated patients was cellulitis (2.1%). No fatal treatment-related AEs occurred. Conclusion T-VEC is the first oncolytic immunotherapy to demonstrate therapeutic benefit against melanoma in a phase III clinical trial. T-VEC was well tolerated and resulted in a higher DRR (P < .001) and longer median OS (P = .051), particularly in untreated patients or those with stage IIIB, IIIC, or IVM1a disease. T-VEC represents a novel potential therapy for patients with metastatic melanoma.
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Knude, J., and A. S. Nielsen. "$\vec{V}$ -($\vec{V-I}$) distance to Lupus 2." Astronomy & Astrophysics 373, no. 2 (July 2001): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20010536.

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Rapaport, J. "Spin Transfer Measurements in $(\vec{p},\vec{n})$ Reactions." Acta Physica Hungarica 16, no. 1-4 (2002): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aph.16.2002.1-4.12.

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24

Savchuk, Ya I., and A. I. Bandura. "Asymptotic vectors of entire curves." Matematychni Studii 56, no. 1 (October 23, 2021): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/ms.56.1.48-54.

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We introduce a concept of asymptotic vector of an entire curve with linearly independent components and without common zeros and investigate a relationship between the asymptotic vectors and the Picard exceptional vectors. A non-zero vector $\vec{a}=(a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_p)\in \mathbb{C}^{p}$ is called an asymptotic vector for the entire curve $\vec{G}(z)=(g_1(z),g_2(z),\ldots,g_p(z))$ if there exists a continuous curve $L: \mathbb{R}_+\to \mathbb{C}$ given by an equation $z=z\left(t\right)$, $0\le t<\infty $, $\left|z\left(t\right)\right|<\infty $, $z\left(t\right)\to \infty $ as $t\to \infty $ such that$$\lim\limits_{\stackrel{z\to\infty}{z\in L}} \frac{\vec{G}(z)\vec{a} }{\big\|\vec{G}(z)\big\|}=\lim\limits_{t\to\infty} \frac{\vec{G}(z(t))\vec{a} }{\big\|\vec{G}(z(t))\big\|} =0,$$ where $\big\|\vec{G}(z)\big\|=\big(|g_1(z)|^2+\ldots +|g_p(z)|^2\big)^{1/2}$, $\vec{G}(z)\vec{a}=g_1(z)\cdot\bar{a}_1+g_2(z)\cdot\bar{a}_2+\ldots+g_p(z)\cdot\bar{a}_p$. A non-zero vector $\vec{a}=(a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_p)\in \mathbb{C}^{p}$ is called a Picard exceptional vector of an entire curve $\vec{G}(z)$ if the function $\vec{G}(z)\vec{a}$ has a finite number of zeros in $\left\{\left|z\right|<\infty \right\}$. We prove that any Picard exceptional vector of transcendental entire curve with linearly independent com\-po\-nents and without common zeros is an asymptotic vector.Here we de\-mon\-stra\-te that the exceptional vectors in the sense of Borel or Nevanlina and, moreover, in the sense of Valiron do not have to be asymptotic. For this goal we use an example of meromorphic function of finite positive order, for which $\infty $ is no asymptotic value, but it is the Nevanlinna exceptional value. This function is constructed in known Goldberg and Ostrovskii's monograph``Value Distribution of Meromorphic Functions''.Other our result describes sufficient conditions providing that some vectors are asymptotic for transcendental entire curve of finite order with linearly independent components and without common zeros. In this result, we require that the order of the Nevanlinna counting function for this curve and for each such a vector is less than order of the curve.At the end of paper we formulate three unsolved problems concerning asymptotic vectors of entire curve.
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Chen, Haiming, Richard A. Campbell, Yunchao Chang, Mingjie Li, Cathy S. Wang, Jennifer Li, Eric Sanchez, et al. "Pleiotrophin produced by multiple myeloma induces transdifferentiation of monocytes into vascular endothelial cells: a novel mechanism of tumor-induced vasculogenesis." Blood 113, no. 9 (February 26, 2009): 1992–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-02-133751.

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Enhanced angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer. Pleiotrophin (PTN) is an angiogenic factor that is produced by many different human cancers and stimulates tumor blood vessel formation when it is expressed in malignant cancer cells. Recent studies show that monocytes may give rise to vascular endothelium. In these studies, we show that PTN combined with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) induces expression of vascular endothelial cell (VEC) genes and proteins in human monocyte cell lines and monocytes from human peripheral blood (PB). Monocytes induce VEC gene expression and develop tube-like structures when they are exposed to serum or cultured with bone marrow (BM) from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) that express PTN, effects specifically blocked with antiPTN antibodies. When coinjected with human MM cells into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice, green fluorescent protein (GFP)–marked human monocytes were found incorporated into tumor blood vessels and expressed human VEC protein markers and genes that were blocked by anti-PTN antibody. Our results suggest that vasculogenesis in human MM may develop from tumoral production of PTN, which orchestrates the transdifferentiation of monocytes into VECs.
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Smith-Berdan, Stephanie, Alyssa Bercasio, Leah Kramer, Bryan Petkus, Lindsay Hinck, and E. Camilla Forsberg. "Acute and endothelial-specific Robo4 deletion affect hematopoietic stem cell trafficking independent of VCAM1." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 13, 2021): e0255606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255606.

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Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) trafficking is regulated by a number of complex mechanisms. Among them are the transmembrane protein Robo4 and the vascular cell adhesion molecule, VCAM1. Endothelial VCAM1 is a well-known regulator of hematopoietic cell trafficking, and our previous studies revealed that germline deletion of Robo4 led to impaired HSC trafficking, with an increase in vascular endothelial cell (VEC) numbers and downregulation of VCAM1 protein on sinusoidal VECs. Here, we utilized two Robo4 conditional deletion models in parallel with Robo4 germline knockout mice (R4KO) to evaluate the effects of acute and endothelial cell-specific Robo4 deletion on HSC trafficking. Strikingly similar to the R4KO, the acute deletion of Robo4 resulted in altered HSC distribution between the bone marrow and blood compartments, despite normal numbers of VECs and wild-type levels of VCAM1 cell surface protein on sinusoidal VECs. Additionally, consistent with the R4KO mice, acute loss of Robo4 in the host perturbed long-term engraftment of donor wild-type HSCs and improved HSC mobilization to the peripheral blood. These data demonstrate the significant role that endothelial Robo4 plays in directional HSC trafficking, independent of alterations in VEC numbers and VCAM1 expression.
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Горелов, Василий Александрович. "Об алгебраических тождествах между фундаментальными матрицами обобщённых гипергеометрических уравнений." Чебышевский сборник 21, no. 1 (April 9, 2020): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22405/2226-8383-2020-21-1-135-144.

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В настоящей работе получены примеры алгебраических тождеств между фундаментальнымиматрицами обобщённых гипергеометрических уравнений. В некоторых случаях эти тождествапорождают все алгебраические соотношения между компонентами решенийгипергеометрических уравнений.Обобщённые гипергеометрические функции (см. [1-5]) - это функции вида$${}_l\varphi_{q}(z)={}_l\varphi_{q}(\vec \nu;\vec\lambda;z)={}_{l+1}F_{q}\left(\left.{1,\nu_1,\dots,\nu_l\atop\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_q}\right|z\right)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(\nu_1)_n\dots (\nu_l)_n}{(\lambda_1)_n\dots(\lambda_{q})_n} z^n,$$где $0\leqslant l\leqslant q$, $\; (\nu)_0=1, \; (\nu)_n=\nu(\nu+1)\dots (\nu+n-1)$,$\;\vec\nu=(\nu_1,\dots,\nu_l)\in {\mathbb C}^l$, $\;\vec \lambda\in({\mathbb C}\setminus{\mathbb Z^-})^q$.Функция ${}_l\varphi_{q}(\vec \nu;\vec\lambda;z)$ удовлетворяет(обобщённому) гипергеометрическому дифференциальному уравнению$${L}(\vec \nu;\vec\lambda;z)\;y =(\lambda_1-1)\dots(\lambda_q-1),$$где$${L}(\vec \nu;\vec\lambda;z)\equiv \left( \prod_{j=1}^q(\delta+\lambda_j-1)-z\prod_{k=1}^l(\delta+\nu_k) \right),\label{d1122} \quad \delta=z\frac{d}{dz}.$$В теории трансцендентных чисел одним из основных методов являетсяметод Зигеля-Шидловского (см. [4], [5]), которыйпозволяет доказывать трансцендентность и алгебраическую независимостьзначений целых функций некоторого класса, включающего в себяфункции ${}_l\varphi_{q}(\alpha z^{q-l})$, при условииалгебраической независимости этих функций над ${\mathbb C}(z)$.В статье [6] Ф. Бейкерсом, В. Браунвеллом и Г. Хекманом быливведены важные для установления алгебраической зависимости инезависимости функций понятия коградиентности и контрградиентностидифференциальных уравнений (фактически эти понятия возникли ранеев статье Е. Колчина [7]).Настоящая работа посвящена подробному доказательству и дальнейшемуразвитию результатов о коградиентности и контрградиентности,опубликованных в заметках [8] и [9]. В частности, уточняютсянекоторые результаты статьи [6].
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Mebazaa, A., R. Wetzel, M. Cherian, and M. Abraham. "Comparison between endocardial and great vessel endothelial cells: morphology, growth, and prostaglandin release." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 268, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): H250—H259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1995.268.1.h250.

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The release of vasoactive mediators by vascular (VEC) and endocardial endothelial cells (EEC) has not been directly compared. In this study, in vitro morphological and cell growth characteristics and the rate of prostanoid release were compared in cultured sheep endothelial cells from great vessels (VEC; pulmonary artery and aorta) and endocardium (EEC; right and left ventricles) harvested from the same animals. Morphologically, in flasks, VEC demonstrated the classic cobblestone pattern, whereas EEC developed numerous cytoplasmic interdigitations and overlaps. Rate of cell proliferation was greater for EEC than for VEC (P < 0.05): doubling time was shorter for EEC (34 +/- 3 h) than for VEC (45 +/- 5 h). Under static (no-flow) conditions, in response to arachidonic acid and calcium ionophore A-23187, the rate of prostacyclin (PGI2) and prostaglandin E2 release by VEC and EEC was not different. In contrast, in response to flow and acute hypoxia (O2 tension = 35 Torr), the rate of PGI2 release was greater in EEC than in VEC (P < 0.0001). After 2 h of perfusion, the rate of PGI2 release was 19-fold greater for EEC than for VEC during normoxia and 34-fold greater during hypoxia. Thus our study showed anatomic site of origin-dependent heterogeneity in prostanoid release between VEC and EEC. Endocardial endothelium is a greater source of PGI2 than great vessel endothelium; in vivo, endocardial endothelial PGI2 may inhibit local platelet aggregation and modulate downstream vascular tone.
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Lampugnani, Maria Grazia, Adriana Zanetti, Ferruccio Breviario, Giovanna Balconi, Fabrizio Orsenigo, Monica Corada, Raffaella Spagnuolo, Martha Betson, Vania Braga, and Elisabetta Dejana. "VE-Cadherin Regulates Endothelial Actin Activating Rac and Increasing Membrane Association of Tiam." Molecular Biology of the Cell 13, no. 4 (April 2002): 1175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.01-07-0368.

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Previously published reports support the concept that, besides promoting homotypic intercellular adhesion, cadherins may transfer intracellular signals. However, the signaling pathways triggered by cadherin clustering and their biological significance are still poorly understood. We report herein that transfection of VE-cadherin (VEC) cDNA in VEC null endothelial cells induces actin rearrangement and increases the number of vinculin positive adhesion plaques. VEC expression augments the level of active Rac but decreases active Rho. Microinjection of a dominant negative Rac mutant altered stress fiber organization, whereas inhibition of Rho was ineffective. VEC expression increased protein and mRNA levels of the Rac-specific guanosine exchange factor Tiam-1 and induced its localization at intercellular junctions. In addition, in the presence of VEC, the amounts of Tiam, Rac, and the Rac effector PAK as well as the level of PAK phosphorylation were found increased in the membrane/cytoskeletal fraction. These observations are consistent with a role of VEC in localizing Rac and its signaling partners in the same membrane compartment, facilitating their reciprocal interaction. Through this mechanism VEC may influence the constitutive organization of the actin cytoskeleton.
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30

Давыдов, Андрей Семенович, Andrei Semenovich Davydov, Артeм Александрович Краснов, Artem Aleksandrovich Krasnov, Владимир Александрович Кузьмин, and Vladimir Alexandrovich Kuzmin. "Вакуумные плотности заряда и тока в закритической двумерной системе Дирака-Кулона в магнитном поле с аксиальным векторным потенциалом." Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika 208, no. 1 (June 26, 2021): 122–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4213/tmf10048.

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Для планарной системы Дирака-Кулона со сверхкритическим протяженным аксиально-симметричным кулоновским источником с зарядом $Z > Z_{cr,1}$ и радиусом $R_0$ в присутствии магнитного поля с аксиальным векторным потенциалом рассмотрены непертубативные эффекты поляризации вакуума в закритической области. Исследовано поведение вакуумных плотностей заряда $\rho_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$ и тока $\vec{j}_\mathrm{{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$. Основное внимание уделено расходимостям теории, соответствующей перенормировке и сходимости парциальных рядов для $\rho_\mathrm{{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$ и $\vec{j}_\mathrm{{\scriptscriptstyle VP}}(\vec r )$. Подчеркнуто, что, в отличие от вакуумной плотности заряда, для вычисления вакуумной плотности тока в присутствии локализованного при $R_1>R_0$ внешнего магнитного поля необходимо учитывать парциальные каналы с большими значениями третьей проекции полного углового момента $|m_j|$. Показано, что в присутствии закритического кулоновского источника наведенное магнитное поле при определенных значениях параметров внешнего векторного потенциала способно усиливать исходное магнитное поле.
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31

Iodice, E., M. Arnaboldi, L. S. Sparke, and K. C. Freeman. "Near-Infrared photometry in $\vec{J}$ $\vec{H}$ and $\vec{Kn}$ bands for polar ring galaxies." Astronomy & Astrophysics 391, no. 1 (July 29, 2002): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020739.

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32

Milhem, Mohammed M., Kevin J. Harrington, Frances A. Collichio, Thomas Amatruda, Jason Alan Chesney, Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Sumita Bhatta, et al. "Progression-free survival (PFS) in unresectable melanoma patients (pts) treated with talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) versus granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in OPTiM." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 9524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.9524.

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9524 Background: T-VEC is a modified oncolytic herpes virus designed as an intralesional therapy for unresectable advanced melanoma. OPTiM was a randomized, phase 3 trial that showed improved durable response rate (DRR) with T-VEC vs GM-CSF in pts with unresectable melanoma with regional or distant metastases (16.3% vs 2.1%, p < 0.001). Treatment benefit of T-VEC on DRR and overall survival (OS) was greater in stage IIIB-IVM1a vs IVM1b-IVM1c melanoma. This is the first report of PFS for T-VEC vs GM-CSF. Methods: OPTiM included pts ≥18 yrs with unresectable stage IIIB-IV melanoma; ≥1 injectable cutaneous, subcutaneous (SC), or nodal lesion; ECOG ≤1; LDH ≤1.5 ULN; ≤3 visceral metastases (excluding lung) with none > 3 cm. Pts were randomized 2:1 to receive intralesional T-VEC or SC GM-CSF. The primary endpoint was DRR (partial or complete response continuously for ≥6 mo starting within 12 mo) and reported previously. In this post hoc analysis, PFS was evaluated overall and by disease stage. Results: This analysis included 436 pts: 295 (68%) T-VEC, 141 (32%) GM-CSF; 57% men; 63 yr median age; 57% stage IIIB-IVM1a, 43% stage IVM1b-IVM1c. In the intention to treat set, T-VEC significantly improved PFS (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.85, unstratified log-rank p < 0.001). In stage IIIB-IVM1a, PFS favored the T-VEC arm vs the GM-CSF arm (HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.80, unstratified log-rank p < 0.001). No treatment difference was seen in stage IVM1b-IVM1c (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.57, 1.15, unstratified log-rank p = 0.199). Overall, the 12 mo PFS rate for T-VEC was 14.4% (95% CI: 10.5, 18.8) and GM -CSF was 4.6% (95% CI: 1.6, 10.2). In stage IIIB-IVM1a, the 12 mo PFS rate for T-VEC was 19.9% (95% CI: 14.0, 26.6) and GM-CSF was 3.2% (95% CI: 0.6, 9.9). In stage IVM1b-IVM1c, the 12 mo PFS rate for T-VEC was 7.4% (95% CI: 3.5, 13.2) and GM-CSF was 8.0% (95% CI: 1.9, 20.1). Conclusions: T-VEC demonstrated an improvement in PFS vs GM-CSF, driven primarily by pts with stage IIIB-IVM1a melanoma. This is consistent with previous data showing more pronounced OS benefit with T-VEC and greater efficacy with other immunotherapies in early metastatic disease. Clinical trial information: NCT00769704.
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Pradhan, Kailash. "The Hedging Effectiveness of Stock Index Futures: Evidence for the S&P CNX Nifty Index Traded in India." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2011): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10033-011-0010-2.

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The Hedging Effectiveness of Stock Index Futures: Evidence for the S&P CNX Nifty Index Traded in IndiaThis study evaluates optimal hedge ratios and the hedging effectiveness of stock index futures. The optimal hedge ratios are estimated from the ordinary least square (OLS) regression model, the vector autoregression model (VAR), the vector error correction model (VECM) and multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (M-GARCH) models such as VAR-GARCH and VEC-GARCH using the S&P CNX Nifty index and its futures index. Hedging effectiveness is measured in terms of within sample and out of sample risk-return trade-off at various forecasting horizons. The analysis found that the VEC-GARCH time varying hedge ratio provides the greatest portfolio risk reduction and generates the highest portfolio returns.
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Hu, Janice, Sabran J. Masoud, Surya Ravichandran, Georgia M. Beasley, and Paul J. Mosca. "Retreatment with talimogene laherparepvec for advanced melanoma." Immunotherapy 12, no. 16 (November 2020): 1167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2020-0029.

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Aim: Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is a genetically modified oncolytic herpesvirus approved for the treatment of unresectable, locoregionally advanced and recurrent melanoma. There is little relevant literature in the context of retreatment with T-VEC. Materials & methods: We reviewed four patients aged 71–87 years old with stage IIIB–IV melanoma at treatment who were rechallenged with T-VEC after experiencing recurrence of locoregional disease or prior treatment-limiting toxicity. Results: Cessation of initial treatment was due to one of the following reasons: severe adverse event (one case), mixed response (one case) or complete response (two cases). Three males and one female underwent T-VEC retreatment with a mean of 5.5 injection cycles. Three patients experienced a complete response to retreatment, while one experienced disease progression. Conclusion: Intralesional T-VEC may be effective and well-tolerated in patients who have completed prior T-VEC therapy.
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35

Stevenson, Brian J., Jay A. Gorman, Donna M. Crossman, and Lisa Mueller. "Providing Career Development Services to Veterans: Perceived Need, Acceptability, and Demand." Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 64, no. 2 (May 5, 2020): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034355220914737.

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Providing career development services, through career counseling and assessment, is part of vocational rehabilitation programming. However, there is no applied evidence that such career development services are feasible or accepted among individuals with psychiatric disorders. We examined feasibility (acceptability, demand, and perceived need) of the Vocational Evaluation Center (VEC), one veterans affairs (VA) hospital’s method of career development services for veterans with psychiatric disorders. Demographics, referral source, and service utilization were analyzed among 90 veterans referred to the VEC. Qualitative analysis identified patterns to veterans’ reasons for seeking VEC services. Veterans referred to the VEC were predominately unemployed and disabled. Veterans tolerated the intervention well, with 16.7% dropping out. Reported needs for VEC services included (a) vocational uncertainty, (b) functional considerations in vocational planning, and (c) finding purpose. Veterans with psychiatric disorders want career development services. The VEC model appears feasible, well-tolerated, and aligned with consumers’ needs.
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36

Gakh, G. I., and N. P. Merenkov. "QED corrections to $${\vec A}({\vec e},e'B)X$$ and $$A({\vec e},e'{\vec B})X$$ reactions: The case of tensor polarization." Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters 75, no. 12 (June 2002): 610–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1503322.

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37

Qing, Ji-Na, Yan Lei, Mei-Hua Bao, and Qing-Ming Fu. "A Relationship between vascular endothelial cell senescence and cardiovascular disease." E3S Web of Conferences 271 (2021): 03062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127103062.

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The vascular endothelial cell (VEC) is a single layer of flat squamous epithelium covering the intima of the blood vessel. It constitutes a biological barrier to the blood vessel wall. It is not only a protective barrier but also a producer of some autocrine secretion. The substance is used to regulate homeostasis and vascular tone and has a variety of biological functions. VEC senescence can lead to vascular dysfunction, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular system (CVS) and has a close relationship with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the mechanism of VEC senescence and the effects of VEC senescence on vascular function are not fully understood. This review summarizes the characteristics of VEC senescence and describes age-related CVD.
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38

Perez, Matthew, Thomas Amatruda, Robert Martin Conry, Charlotte Eielson Ariyan, Anupam M. Desai, John M. Kirkwood, Sheryl Treichel, Rubina Ismail, and Leon Raskin. "Checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) experienced patients (pts) from COSMUS-1: A clinical observational study of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) in United States practice." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 8_suppl (March 10, 2019): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.8_suppl.142.

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142 Background: T-VEC, a modified oncolytic herpes virus, is an intralesional therapy for unresectable advanced melanoma. COSMUS-1, a recently presented observational chart review study from 7 US academic sites, described metastatic melanoma treatment (tx) patterns and safety of T-VEC in the real-world setting (Perez et al, SMR 2018). In this analysis, we evaluated T-VEC use in pts after prior CPI use or with CPI from COSMUS-1. Methods: Of 76 pts treated with T-VEC (first dose 27Nov2015-15Dec2016), 33 pts had received pembrolizumab, nivolumab and/or ipilimumab (ie, CPI) prior to or with T-VEC and were analyzed for demographics, clinicopathologic characteristics, outcomes, and adverse events. Two groups were identified: Group A, CPI then T-VEC only and Group B, CPI with T-VEC. Results: There were 21 pts in A and 12 pts in B; in B, all received TVEC + CPI with (1) prior CPI, n = 5, (2) prior CPI and additional CPI after combination, n = 1, (3) as combination only, n = 4, or (4) as combination followed by CPI only, n = 2. In A and B, respectively, mean age was 72 yrs and 63 yrs; 12 (57%) and 9 (75%) were men; 17 (81%) and 9 (75%) had ECOG 0-1,10 (48%) and 4 (33%) had Stage IIIB-IVM1a, and 11 (52%) and 7 (58%) had Stage IVM1b/c. Two pts (both in B) remained on T-VEC by study end. 21 (100%) pts in A and 10 (83%) pts in B discontinued T-VEC (most common, respectively: 10 pts and 3 pts due to disease progression, 4 pts and 2 pts due to physician decision). 2 pts had no injectable lesions left (in A) and 1 pt (in A) had pathologic complete response (CR). Adverse events of interest were reported in 7 pts (33%) in A and 6 pts (50%) in B; most common events in A and B, respectively, were immune-mediated events (n = 3 and 6) which included flu-like symptoms (fever, chills, rigor; n = 2 and 5) and injection site complications (n = 5 and 2). No herpetic infections were reported in pts. Conclusions: These real-world data suggest that T-VEC is well tolerated and can be administered in pts previously treated with a CPI, both those who switched to T-VEC or those where T-VEC was added on. One pt achieved a pathologic CR.
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Andtbacka, Robert Hans Ingemar, Frances A. Collichio, Thomas Amatruda, Neil N. Senzer, Jason Chesney, Keith A. Delman, Lynn E. Spitler, et al. "OPTiM: A randomized phase III trial of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) versus subcutaneous (SC) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for the treatment (tx) of unresected stage IIIB/C and IV melanoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2013): LBA9008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.18_suppl.lba9008.

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LBA9008 Background: T-VEC is an oncolytic immunotherapy (OI) derived from herpes simplex virus type-1 designed to selectively replicate within tumors and to produce GM-CSF to enhance systemic antitumor immune responses. OPTiM is a randomized, phase III trial of T-VEC or GM-CSF in patients (pts) with unresected melanoma with regional or distant metastases. We report the primary results of the first phase III study of OI. Methods: Key criteria: age ≥18 yrs; ECOG ≤1; unresectable melanoma stage IIIB/C or IV; injectable cutaneous, SC, or nodal lesions; LDH ≤1.5X upper limit of normal; ≤3 visceral lesions (excluding lung), none >3 cm. Pts were randomized 2:1 to intralesional T-VEC (initially ≤ 4 mL x106 pfu/mL then after 3 wks, ≤ 4 mL x108 pfu/mL Q2W) or SC GM-CSF (125 µg/m2qd x 14 days q28d). The primary endpoint was durable response rate (DRR): partial or complete response (CR) continuously for ≥6 mos starting within 12 mos. Responses were per modified WHO by blinded central review. A planned interim analysis of overall survival (OS; key secondary endpoint) was performed. Results: 436 pts are in the ITT set: 295 (68%) T-VEC, 141 (32%) GM-CSF. 57% were men; median age was 63 yrs. Stage distribution was: IIIB/C 30%, IVM1a 27%, IVM1b 21%, IVM1c 22%. Objective response rate with T-VEC was 26% (95% CI: 21%, 32%) with 11% CR, and with GM-CSF was 6% (95% CI: 2%, 10%) with 1% CR. DRR for T-VEC was 16% (95% CI: 12%, 21%) and 2% for GM-CSF (95% CI: 0%, 5%), p<0.0001. DRR by stage (T-VEC, GM-CSF) was IIIB/C (33%, 0%), M1a (16%, 2%), M1b (3%, 4%), and M1c (8%, 3%). Interim OS showed a trend in favor of T-VEC; HR 0.79 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.02). Most common adverse events (AEs) with T-VEC were fatigue, chills, and pyrexia. Serious AEs occurred in 26% of T-VEC and 13% of GM-CSF pts. No ≥ grade 3 AE occurred in ≥ 3% of pts in either arm. Conclusions: T-VEC demonstrated both a statistically significant improvement in DRR over GM-CSF in pts with unresectable stage IIIB-IV melanoma and a tolerable safety profile; an interim analysis showed a trend toward improved OS. T-VEC represents a novel potential tx option for melanoma with regional or distant metastases. Clinical trial information: NCT00769704.
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40

Huang, Liang, and Jiao Chen. "Hörmander type multiplier theorems on bi-parameter anisotropic Hardy spaces." Forum Mathematicum 32, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 577–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forum-2019-0268.

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AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to establish, using the bi-parameter Littlewood–Paley–Stein theory (in particular, the bi-parameter Littlewood–Paley–Stein square functions), a Calderón–Torchinsky type theorem for the following Fourier multipliers on anisotropic product Hardy spaces {H^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n_{1}}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_{2}};\vec{A})} ({0<p\leq 1}):T_{m}f(x,y)=\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n_{1}}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}}m(\xi,\eta)\hat{f% }(\xi,\eta)e^{2\pi i(x\cdot\xi+y\cdot\eta)}\mathop{}\!d\xi\mathop{}\!d\eta.Our main theorem is the following: Assume that {m(\xi,\eta)} is a function on {\mathbb{R}^{n_{1}}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}} satisfying\sup_{j,k\in\mathbb{Z}}\lVert m_{j,k}\rVert_{W^{(s_{1},s_{2})}(\vec{A})}<\inftywith {s_{1}>\zeta_{1,-}^{-1}(\frac{1}{p}-\frac{1}{2})}, {s_{2}>\zeta_{2,-}^{-1}(\frac{1}{p}-\frac{1}{2})}, where {\zeta_{1,-}} and {\zeta_{2,-}} depend only on the eigenvalues and are defined in the first section. Then {T_{m}} is bounded from {H^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n_{1}}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_{2}};\vec{A})} to {H^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n_{1}}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_{2}};\vec{A})} for all {0<p\leq 1} and\lVert T_{m}\rVert_{H^{p}(\vec{A})\to H^{p}(\vec{A})}\leq C_{{\vec{A},s_{1},s_% {2},p}}\sup_{j,k\in\mathbb{Z}}\lVert m_{j,k}\rVert_{W^{(s_{1},s_{2})}(\vec{A})},where {W^{(s_{1},s_{2})}(\vec{A})} is a bi-parameter anisotropic Sobolev space on {\mathbb{R}^{n_{1}}\times\mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}} with {C_{{\vec{A},s_{1},s_{2},p}}} is a positive constant that depends on {\vec{A},s_{1},s_{2},p}. Here we use the notations {m_{j,k}(\xi,\eta)=m(A_{1}^{\ast j}\xi,A_{2}^{\ast k}\eta)\varphi^{(1)}(\xi)% \varphi^{(2)}(\eta)}, where {\varphi^{(1)}(\xi)} is a suitable cut-off function on {\mathbb{R}^{n_{1}}} and {\varphi^{(2)}(\eta)} is a suitable cut-off function on {\mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}}, respectively.
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41

Indumathi, D., M. V. N. Murthy, and V. Ravindran. "2-jet production in polarised $$\vec p\vec p$$ collisions." Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields 56, no. 3 (September 1992): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01565951.

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42

Tisato, Veronica, Paola Secchiero, Erika Rimondi, Sergio Gianesini, Erica Menegatti, Fabio Casciano, Paolo Zamboni, and Giorgio Zauli. "GM-CSF Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Activity on Endothelial Cells Derived from Chronic Venous Disease Patients." Mediators of Inflammation 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/561689.

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Twenty patients affected by chronic venous disease (CVD) in tertiary venous network and/or saphenous vein were analyzed before surgical ablation by echo-color-doppler for the hemodynamic parameters reflux time (RT) and resistance index (RI), a negative and a positive prognostic factor, respectively. RT and RI were next correlated with relevantin vitroparameters of venous endothelial cells (VEC) obtained from surgical specimens, such as cell migration in response to serum gradient, proliferation index, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression, as well as cytokines release. Of interest, ICAM-1 expression in patient-derived VEC cultures correlated positively with RT and negatively with RI. Moreover, RT showed a positive correlation with the baseline osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression by VEC and an inverse correlation with VEC proliferation index. On the other hand, RI correlated positively with TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression. Among the cytokines released by VEC, GM-CSF showed a positive correlation with VEC proliferation and TRAIL expression and a negative correlation with OPG, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression. Sincein vitrorecombinant GM-CSF induced VEC proliferation and counteracted the induction of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and OPG upon exposure to TNF-α, our data suggest an anti-inflammatory activity of GM-CSF on venous endothelial cells.
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43

Clifft, R. C., and M. T. Garrett. "Improved Oxygen Dissolution Control for Oxygen Activated Sludge." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 4-5 (April 1, 1988): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0158.

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Now that oxygen production facilities can be controlled to match the requirements of the dissolution system, improved oxygen dissolution control can result in significant cost savings for oxygen activated sludge plants. This paper examines the potential cost savings of the vacuum exhaust control (VEC) strategy for the City of Houston, Texas 69th Street Treatment Complex. The VEC strategy involves operating a closed-tank reactor slightly below atmospheric pressure and using an exhaust apparatus to remove gas from the last stage of the reactor. Computer simulations for one carbonaceous reactor at the 69th Street Complex are presented for the VEC and conventional control strategies. At 80% of design loading the VEC strategy was found to provide an oxygen utilization efficiency of 94.9% as compared to 77.0% for the conventional control method. At design capacity the oxygen utilization efficiency for VEC and conventional control was found to be 92.3% and 79.5%, respectively. Based on the expected turn-down capability of Houston's oxygen production faciilities, the simulations indicate that the VEC strategy will more than double the possible cost savings of the conventional control method.
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44

Goel, Deepika, Prashant Chauhan, Anshu Varshney, D. B. Singh, and Vivek Sajal. "Stimulated compton scattering of surface plasma wave excited over metallic surface by a laser." Laser and Particle Beams 33, no. 4 (July 23, 2015): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034615000695.

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AbstractA high-frequency surface plasma wave (SPW) excited over metallic surface irradiated by a laser beam, can undergo stimulated Compton scattering if phase velocity of daughter plasma wave is equal to the Fermi velocity for metal. The pump SPW${\rm (}{{\rm \omega} _0},{\vec k_{0{\rm z}}})$parametrically excites a quasi-electrostatic plasma wave${\rm (\omega}, {\vec k_{\rm z}})$and a backscattered sideband SPW${\rm (}{{\rm \omega} _1},{\vec k_{1{\rm z}}})$at resonance ω0= ω − ω1and${\vec k_{0{\rm z}}} = {\vec k_{\rm z}} - {\vec k_{1{\rm z}}}$. The growth rate of Compton process increases with the frequency of incident laser and turns out to be 5.425 × 1010rad/s at laser frequency ω0= 0.7595 × 1015rad/s for incident laser amplitudeA0L= 11 × 1011V/m, laser spot size b = 1.38 × 10−5m, and free electron density of metaln0= 5.85 × 1028/m3. The excitation of highly damped quasi-electrostatic plasma wave in this parametric process provide a better nonlinear option for surface heating as compared with direct laser heating. The process can also be used for diagnostics purposes.
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45

Gurevich, Irina, Pooja Agarwal, PeiPei Zhang, John A. Dolorito, Stacie Oliver, Henry Liu, Nicholas Reitze, et al. "In vivo topical gene therapy for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: a phase 1 and 2 trial." Nature Medicine 28, no. 4 (March 28, 2022): 780–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01737-y.

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AbstractRecessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a lifelong genodermatosis associated with blistering, wounding, and scarring caused by mutations in COL7A1, the gene encoding the anchoring fibril component, collagen VII (C7). Here, we evaluated beremagene geperpavec (B-VEC), an engineered, non-replicating COL7A1 containing herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) vector, to treat RDEB skin. B-VEC restored C7 expression in RDEB keratinocytes, fibroblasts, RDEB mice and human RDEB xenografts. Subsequently, a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 1 and 2 clinical trial (NCT03536143) evaluated matched wounds from nine RDEB patients receiving topical B-VEC or placebo repeatedly over 12 weeks. No grade 2 or above B-VEC-related adverse events or vector shedding or tissue-bound skin immunoreactants were noted. HSV-1 and C7 antibodies sometimes presented at baseline or increased after B-VEC treatment without an apparent impact on safety or efficacy. Primary and secondary objectives of C7 expression, anchoring fibril assembly, wound surface area reduction, duration of wound closure, and time to wound closure following B-VEC treatment were met. A patient-reported pain–severity secondary outcome was not assessed given the small proportion of wounds treated. A global assessment secondary endpoint was not pursued due to redundancy with regard to other endpoints. These studies show that B-VEC is an easily administered, safely tolerated, topical molecular corrective therapy promoting wound healing in patients with RDEB.
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46

Vadana, Mihaela, Sergiu Cecoltan, Letitia Ciortan, Razvan D. Macarie, Andreea C. Mihaila, Monica M. Tucureanu, Ana-Maria Gan, et al. "Parathyroid Hormone Induces Human Valvular Endothelial Cells Dysfunction That Impacts the Osteogenic Phenotype of Valvular Interstitial Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 3776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073776.

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Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a key regulator of calcium, phosphate and vitamin D metabolism. Although it has been reported that aortic valve calcification was positively associated with PTH, the pathophysiological mechanisms and the direct effects of PTH on human valvular cells remain unclear. Here we investigated if PTH induces human valvular endothelial cells (VEC) dysfunction that in turn could impact the switch of valvular interstitial cells (VIC) to an osteoblastic phenotype. Human VEC exposed to PTH were analyzed by qPCR, western blot, Seahorse, ELISA and immunofluorescence. Our results showed that exposure of VEC to PTH affects VEC metabolism and functions, modifications that were accompanied by the activation of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways and by an increased expression of osteogenic molecules (BMP-2, BSP, osteocalcin and Runx2). The impact of dysfunctional VEC on VIC was investigated by exposure of VIC to VEC secretome, and the results showed that VIC upregulate molecules associated with osteogenesis (BMP-2/4, osteocalcin and TGF-β1) and downregulate collagen I and III. In summary, our data show that PTH induces VEC dysfunction, which further stimulates VIC to differentiate into a pro-osteogenic pathological phenotype related to the calcification process. These findings shed light on the mechanisms by which PTH participates in valve calcification pathology and suggests that PTH and the treatment of hyperparathyroidism represent a therapeutic strategy to reduce valvular calcification.
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47

Corrigan, Patricia A., Caroline Beaulieu, Rashmi B. Patel, and Denise K. Lowe. "Talimogene Laherparepvec: An Oncolytic Virus Therapy for Melanoma." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 51, no. 8 (March 28, 2017): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028017702654.

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Objective: To review the efficacy and safety of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) as well as its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions, handling procedures, cost considerations, and place in therapy. Data Sources: Searches of PubMed (1966 to February 2017) and Cochrane Library (1999 to February 2017) were conducted using the terms talimogene laherparepvec, T-VEC, OncoVEX, immunotherapy, melanoma, and oncolytic virus. Additional information was determined from bibliographies, manufacturer product labeling and website, meeting abstracts, Food and Drug Administration website, and clinicaltrials.gov. Study Selection and Data Extraction: A total of 79 English-language publications were identified. Articles that assessed T-VEC’s pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, mechanism, dosing, safety, and efficacy were included as well as narrative reviews that provided practical information. Data Synthesis: Clinical trials have confirmed the safety and efficacy of T-VEC as monotherapy for the treatment of advanced melanoma, with an overall response rate (ORR) of 26%. Relative to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, T-VEC significantly increased durable response rate (DRR; 16.3% vs 2.1%, P < 0.001); however, median overall survival was not improved (23.3 vs 18.9 months, P = 0.051). Phase 1b trials have combined T-VEC and immunotherapies with promising results. T-VEC’s adverse effects are generally considered mild to moderate in severity. Conclusion: T-VEC is the first approved oncolytic virus for local treatment of unresectable cutaneous, subcutaneous, and nodal lesions in melanoma recurrent after initial surgery. T-VEC improves ORR and DRR as a single agent, shows promise in combination therapy, and is well tolerated. Ongoing trials will determine if T-VEC has a role in early treatment or in combination therapy for melanoma or other malignancies.
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48

Eyl, D., A. Frey, H. G. Andresen, J. R. M. Annand, K. Aulenbacher, J. Becker, J. Blume-Werry, et al. "First measurement of the polarisation transfer on the proton in the reactions $$H(\vec e,e'\vec p)$$ and $$D(\vec e,e'\vec p)$$." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei 352, no. 2 (June 1995): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01298910.

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49

Varshney, Prateek, Vivek Sajal, Sweta Baliyan, Navneet K. Sharma, Prashant K. Chauhan, and Ravindra Kumar. "Strong terahertz radiation generation by beating of two x-mode spatial triangular lasers in magnetized plasma." Laser and Particle Beams 33, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034614000640.

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AbstractResonant THz radiation generation is proposed by beating of two spatial-triangular laser pulses of different frequencies (ω1, ω2) and wave numbers $\lpar \vec k_1 \comma \; \vec k_2 \rpar $ in plasma having external static magnetic field. Laser pulses co-propagating perpendicular to a dc magnetic field exert a nonlinear ponderomotive force on plasma electrons, imparting them an oscillatory velocity with finite transverse and longitudinal components. Oscillatory plasma electrons couple with periodic density ripples n′ = nq0eiqz to produce a nonlinear current, i.e., responsible for resonantly driving terahertz radiation at $\lpar {\rm \omega} = {\rm \omega} _1 - {\rm \omega} _2 \comma \; \vec k = \vec k_1 - \vec k_2 + \vec q\rpar $. Effects of THz wave frequency, laser beam width, density ripples, and applied magnetic field are studied for the efficient THz radiation generation. The frequency and amplitude of THz radiation were observed to be better tuned by varying dc magnetic field strength and parameters of density ripples (amplitude and periodicity). An efficiency about 0.02 is achieved for laser intensity of 2 × 1015 W/cm2 in a plasma having density ripples about 30%, plasma frequency about 1 THz and magnetic field about 100 kG.
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Meneguette, Rodolfo, Robson De Grande, Jo Ueyama, Geraldo P. Rocha Filho, and Edmundo Madeira. "Vehicular Edge Computing: Architecture, Resource Management, Security, and Challenges." ACM Computing Surveys 55, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485129.

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Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC), based on the Edge Computing motivation and fundamentals, is a promising technology supporting Intelligent Transport Systems services, smart city applications, and urban computing. VEC can provide and manage computational resources closer to vehicles and end-users, providing access to services at lower latency and meeting the minimum execution requirements for each service type. This survey describes VEC’s concepts and technologies; we also present an overview of existing VEC architectures, discussing them and exemplifying them through layered designs. Besides, we describe the underlying vehicular communication in supporting resource allocation mechanisms. With the intent to overview the risks, breaches, and measures in VEC, we review related security approaches and methods. Finally, we conclude this survey work with an overview and study of VEC’s main challenges. Unlike other surveys in which they are focused on content caching and data offloading, this work proposes a taxonomy based on the architectures in which VEC serves as the central element. VEC supports such architectures in capturing and disseminating data and resources to offer services aimed at a smart city through their aggregation and the allocation in a secure manner.
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