Journal articles: 'VDA 19'

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Rochowicz, Markus. "Die neue VDA 19." JOT Journal für Oberflächentechnik 55, no. 3 (March 2015): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35144-015-0544-7.

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Rochowicz, Markus. "Die VDA 19-Prüfung — wichtig aber „unfähig“." JOT Journal für Oberflächentechnik 52, S3 (June 2012): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s35144-012-0428-z.

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Rochowicz, Markus. "Die Überarbeitung von VDA 19 hat begonnen." JOT Journal für Oberflächentechnik 53, no. 3 (March 2013): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s35144-013-0608-5.

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Tajfar, E., S. M. Bateni, S. A. Margulis, P. Gentine, and T. Auligne. "Estimation of Turbulent Heat Fluxes via Assimilation of Air Temperature and Specific Humidity into an Atmospheric Boundary Layer Model." Journal of Hydrometeorology 21, no. 2 (February 2020): 205–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-19-0104.1.

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AbstractA number of studies have used time series of air temperature and specific humidity observations to estimate turbulent heat fluxes. These studies require the specification of surface roughness lengths for heat and momentum (that are directly related to the neutral bulk heat transfer coefficient CHN) and/or ground heat flux, which are often unavailable. In this study, sequences of air temperature and specific humidity are assimilated into an atmospheric boundary layer model within a variational data assimilation (VDA) framework to estimate CHN, evaporative fraction (EF), turbulent heat fluxes, and atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height, potential temperature, and humidity. The developed VDA approach needs neither the surface roughness parameterization (as it is optimized by the VDA approach) nor ground heat flux measurements. The VDA approach is tested over the First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project Field Experiment (FIFE) site in the summers of 1987 and 1988. The results indicate that the estimated sensible and latent heat fluxes agree fairly well with the corresponding measurements. For FIFE 1987 (1988), the daily sensible and latent heat fluxes estimates have a root-mean-square error of 25.72 W m−2 (27.77 W m−2) and 53.63 W m−2 (48.22 W m−2), respectively. In addition, the ABL height, specific humidity, and potential temperature estimates from the VDA system are in good agreement with those inferred from the radiosondes both in terms of magnitude and diurnal trend.

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Ruckdeschel, J. C., D. M. Finkelstein, D. S. Ettinger, R. H. Creech, B. A. Mason, R. A. Joss, and S. Vogl. "A randomized trial of the four most active regimens for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 4, no. 1 (January 1986): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.1.14.

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Between October 1981 and June 1983, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) conducted a prospectively randomized trial (EST 1581) of the four most active chemotherapy regimens for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Four hundred eighty-six good performance status patients (PS 0 or 1; 81%) were randomized to receive cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, and procarbazine (CAMP); mitomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin (MVP); etoposide and cisplatin (VP-P); or vindesine and cisplatin (VDA-P). All regimens were administered in the doses and schedules originally reported. Complete response (CR) plus partial response (PR) rates for the four regimens were CAMP, 17%; MVP, 31%; VP-P, 20%; and VDA-P, 25%. The response rate for MVP was significantly higher in patients with squamous and adenocarcinoma histologies, but there was no impact on median survival (overall, 24.5 weeks). The duration of response did not differ by treatment as previously suggested for VDA-P. There were 15 CRs (CAMP, one; MVP, six; VP-P, two; VDA-P, six), and 12 patients have survived more than 2 years. Toxicity was significant with 20 treatment-related deaths. CAMP was significantly less toxic than the other regimens (P less than .001). VDA-P demonstrated significantly more life-threatening (seven) and lethal (three) episodes of nephrotoxicity (P less than .001) despite an aggressive hydration program that in itself caused significant morbidity. Analysis of the toxicity data showed, however, that most of the severe toxicity occurred in the 19% of patients who were initially PS 2, suggesting that they are not appropriate candidates for trials of new agents or combinations. None of these regimens can be recommended as a standard therapy for metastatic NSCLC.

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Matveev, Anton, Olesia Makhnytkina, Yuri Matveev, Aleksei Svischev, Polina Korobova, Alexandr Rybin, and Artem Akulov. "Virtual Dialogue Assistant for Remote Exams." Mathematics 9, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 2229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9182229.

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A Virtual Dialogue Assistant (VDA) is an automated system intended to provide support for conducting tests and examinations in the context of distant education platforms. Online Distance Learning (ODL) has proven to be a critical part of education systems across the world, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the core components of ODL are sufficiently researched and developed to become mainstream, there is still a demand for various aspects of traditional classroom learning to be implemented or improved to match the expectations for modern ODL systems. In this work, we take a look at the evaluation of students’ performance. Various forms of testing are often present in ODL systems; however, modern Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques provide new opportunities to improve this aspect of ODL. In this paper, we present an overview of VDA intended for integration with online education platforms to enhance the process of evaluation of students’ performance. We propose an architecture of such a system, review challenges and solutions for building it, and present examples of solutions for several NLP problems and ways to integrate them into the system. The principal challenge for ODL is accessibility; therefore, proposing an enhancement for ODL systems, we formulate the problem from the point of view of a user interacting with it. In conclusion, we affirm that relying on the advancements in NLP and Machine Learning, the approach we suggest can provide an enhanced experience of evaluation of students’ performance for modern ODL platforms.

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Faulkner, Jessica L., Denise C. Cornelius, Lorena M. Amaral, Ashlyn C. Harmon, Mark W. Cunningham, Marie M. Darby, Tarek Ibrahim, et al. "Vitamin D supplementation improves pathophysiology in a rat model of preeclampsia." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 310, no. 4 (February 15, 2016): R346—R354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00388.2015.

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Deficiency of vitamin D (VD) is associated with preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by proinflammatory immune activation. We sought to determine whether VD supplementation would reduce the pathophysiology and hypertension associated with the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of PE. Normal pregnant (NP) and RUPP rats were supplemented with VD2 or VD3 (270 IU and 15 IU/day, respectively) on gestation days 14–18 and mean arterial pressures (MAPs) measured on day 19. MAP increased in RUPP to 123 ± 2 mmHg compared with 102 ± 3 mmHg in NP and decreased to 113 ± 3 mmHg with VD2 and 115 ± 3 mmHg with VD3 in RUPP rats. Circulating CD4+ T cells increased in RUPP to 7.90 ± 1.36% lymphocytes compared with 2.04 ± 0.67% in NP but was lowered to 0.90 ± 0.19% with VD2 and 4.26 ± 1.55% with VD3 in RUPP rats. AT1-AA, measured by chronotropic assay, decreased from 19.5 ± 0.4 bpm in RUPPs to 8.3 ± 0.5 bpm with VD2 and to 15.4 ± 0.7 bpm with VD3. Renal cortex endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression was increased in RUPP rats (11.6 ± 2.1-fold change from NP) and decreased with both VD2 (3.3 ± 1.1-fold) and VD3 (3.1 ± 0.6-fold) supplementation in RUPP rats. Plasma-soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) was also reduced to 74.2 ± 6.6 pg/ml in VD2-treated and 91.0 ± 16.1 pg/ml in VD3-treated RUPP rats compared with 132.7 ± 19.9 pg/ml in RUPP rats. VD treatment reduced CD4+ T cells, AT1-AA, ET-1, sFlt-1, and blood pressure in the RUPP rat model of PE and could be an avenue to improve treatment of hypertension in response to placental ischemia.

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Faulkner, Jessica L., Lorena M. Amaral, Denise C. Cornelius, Mark W. Cunningham, Tarek Ibrahim, Autumn Heep, Nathan Campbell, et al. "Vitamin D supplementation reduces some AT1-AA-induced downstream targets implicated in preeclampsia including hypertension." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 312, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): R125—R131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00218.2016.

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Autoantibodies to the ANG II type I receptor (AT1-AA) are associated with preeclampsia (PE). We found that vitamin D supplementation reduced AT1-AA and blood pressure (MAP) in the RUPP rat model of PE. However, it was undetermined whether the decrease in AT1-AA was the mechanism whereby vitamin D lowered MAP or if it were through factors downstream of AT1-AA. Uterine artery resistance index, placental ET-1, and soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 are increased with AT1-AA-induced hypertension and are considered markers of PE in pregnant women. Therefore, we hypothesized that vitamin D would reduce PE factors during AT1-AA-induced hypertension and could lower blood pressure in a model of hypertension during pregnancy without PE features. Either ANG II (50 ng·kg−1·day) or AT1-AA (1:40) was infused from gestational day (GD) 12–19. vitamin D2 (VD2, 270 IU/day) or vitamin D3 (VD3, 15 IU/day) was administered orally from GD14–GD18. MAP (mmHg) increased in AT1-AA (121 ± 4) and ANG II (113 ± 1)-infused pregnant rats compared with normal pregnant rats (NP) (101 ± 2) but was lower in AT1-AA+VD2 (105 ± 2), AT1-AA+VD3 (109 ± 2), ANG II+VD2 (104 ± 4), and ANG II+VD3 (104 ± 3). VD2 and/or VD3 improved PE features associated with AT1-AA during pregnancy, while ANG II did not induce such features, supporting the hypothesis that AT1-AA induces PE features during pregnancy, and these are improved with vitamin D. In this study, we demonstrate that vitamin D improved many factors associated with PE and reduced blood pressure in a hypertensive model without PE features, indicating that vitamin D could be beneficial for various hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

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Butragueño-Laiseca, Laura, Iñaki F. Troconiz, Santiago Grau, Nuria Campillo, Xandra García, Belén Padilla, Sarah N. Fernández, and María José Santiago. "Finding the Dose for Ceftolozane-Tazobactam in Critically Ill Children with and without Acute Kidney Injury." Antibiotics 9, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120887.

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Background: Ceftolozane-tazobactam is a new antibiotic against multidrug-resistant pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosas. Ceftolozane-tazobactam dosage is still uncertain in children, especially in those with renal impairment or undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Methods: Evaluation of different ceftolozane-tazobactam dosing regimens in three critically ill children. Ceftolozane pharmacokinetics (PK) were characterized by obtaining the patient’s specific parameters by Bayesian estimation based on a population PK model. The clearance (CL) in patient C undergoing CRRT was estimated using the prefilter, postfilter, and ultrafiltrate concentrations simultaneously. Variables such as blood, dialysate, replacement, and ultrafiltrate flow rates, and hematocrit were integrated in the model. All PK analyses were performed using NONMEM v.7.4. Results: Patient A (8 months of age, 8.7 kg) with normal renal function received 40 mg/kg every 6 h: renal clearance (CLR) was 0.88 L/h; volume of distribution (Vd) Vd1 = 3.45 L, Vd2 = 0.942 L; terminal halflife (t1/2,β) = 3.51 h, dosing interval area under the drug concentration vs. time curve at steady-state (AUCτ,SS) 397.73 mg × h × L−1. Patient B (19 months of age, 11 kg) with eGFR of 22 mL/min/1.73 m2 received 36 mg/kg every 8 h: CLR = 0.27 L/h; Vd1 = 1.13 L; Vd2 = 1.36; t1/2,β = 6.62 h; AUCSS 1481.48 mg × h × L−1. Patient C (9 months of age, 5.8 kg), with severe renal impairment undergoing CRRT received 30 mg/kg every 8 h: renal replacement therapy clearance (CLRRT) 0.39 L/h; Vd1 = 0.74 L; Vd2= 1.17; t 1/2,β = 3.51 h; AUCτ,SS 448.72 mg × h × L−1. No adverse effects attributable to antibiotic treatment were observed. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a dose of 35 mg/kg every 8 h can be appropriate in critically ill septic children with multi-drug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. A lower dose of 10 mg/kg every 8 h could be considered for children with severe AKI. For patients with CRRT and a high effluent rate, a dose of 30 mg/kg every 8 h can be considered.

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Wadhwa, Jyoti, Lalit Kumar, and Vinod Kochupillai. "VAD Followed by VMCP." Medical Oncology 19, no. 2 (2002): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/mo:19:2:105.

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Tsoumpra, Maria K., Shun Sawatsubashi, Michihiro Imamura, Seiji Fukumoto, Shin’ichi Takeda, Toshio Matsumoto, and Yoshitsugu Aoki. "Dystrobrevin alpha gene is a direct target of the vitamin D receptor in muscle." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 64, no. 3 (April 2020): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jme-19-0229.

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The biologically active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3), exerts its tissue-specific actions through binding to its intracellular vitamin D receptor (VDR) which functions as a heterodimer with retinoid X receptor (RXR) to recognize vitamin D response elements (VDRE) and activate target genes. Upregulation of VDR in murine skeletal muscle cells occurs concomitantly with transcriptional regulation of key myogenic factors upon VD3 administration, reinforcing the notion that VD3 exerts beneficial effects on muscle. Herein we elucidated the regulatory role of VD3/VDR axis on the expression of dystrobrevin alpha (DTNA), a member of dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC). In C2C12 cells, Dtna and VDR gene and protein expression were upregulated by 1–50 nM of VD3 during all stages of myogenic differentiation. In the dystrophic-derived H2K-mdx52 cells, upregulation of DTNA by VD3 occurred upon co-transfection of VDR and RXR expression vectors. Silencing of MyoD1, an E-box binding myogenic transcription factor, did not alter the VD3-mediated Dtna induction, but Vdr silencing abolished this effect. We also demonstrated that VD3 administration enhanced the muscle-specific Dtna promoter activity in presence of VDR/RXR only. Through site-directed mutagenesis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we have validated a VDRE site in Dtna promoter in myogenic cells. We have thus proved that the positive regulation of Dtna by VD3 observed during in vitro murine myogenic differentiation is VDR mediated and specific. The current study reveals a novel mechanism of VDR-mediated regulation for Dtna, which may be positively explored in treatments aiming to stabilize the DAPC in musculoskeletal diseases.

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Contreras-Manzano, Alejandra, Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez, Salvador Villalpando, Rosario Rebollar, and Mario Flores-Aldana. "Vitamin D status in Mexican women at reproductive age, Ensanut 2018-19." Salud Pública de México 63, no. 3 May-Jun (May 3, 2021): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.21149/12161.

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Objective. To describe the prevalence of deficiency (VDD) and insufficiency (VDI) of vitamin D (VD), by sociodemographic factors, obesity and physical activity in a probabilistic sample of Mexican women participating in Ensanut 2018-19. Materials and methods. In 1 262 women aged 20 to 49 years, the prevalence of VDD/IVD was estimated and the factors associated with it were evaluated with a multinomial regression model. Results. The prevalence of VDI was 46.1% and of VDD was 31.6%. The probability of presenting VDI and VDD was higher for residents of urban areas, in tertiles 2 and 3 of socioeconomic status, and with obesity, while was lower in women with moderate physical activity. Conclusion. The prevalence of vitamin D in Mexican women continues to be a public health problem in Mexico despite the high availability of sunlight in the country. It is necessary to promote healthy sun exposure in the population and consider fortifying foods with vitamin D.

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Gilson, R. G. "Index to Volumes 16 to 19, 1985-1988." Vernacular Architecture 20, no. 1 (June 1989): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/vea.1989.20.1.65.

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Sigal, Kirill Ya. "Memories of V.A. Vinograd." Journal of Psycholinguistic, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30982/2077-5911-2019-39-1-15-19.

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Menuge, Adam. "The White Hart Hotel, 19 Market Place, Spalding, Lincolnshire." Vernacular Architecture 27, no. 1 (June 1996): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/vea.1996.27.1.57.

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Dayal, Devi. "Possible role of vitamin D supplementation in coronavirus disease 2019." International Journal of Scientific Reports 6, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20203554.

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<p>Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is presumed to play a role in several infective and non-infective conditions such as acute respiratory infections, tuberculosis, diabetes, hypertension, stroke etc. Most of the respiratory viral infections occur during winter season when the vitamin D levels in most individuals are generally low. The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which began during winter season similar to the previous epidemics due to coronaviruses, has again stirred a debate on the role of VDD in the initiation and spread of the pandemic. The data on vitamin D status in patients with COVID-19 is however lacking. Different vitamin D supplementation strategies have recently been suggested as part of several countermeasures aimed at reducing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. This brief narrative review discusses the evidence for the link between VDD and COVID-19 and the approaches suggested for vitamin D supplementation.</p>

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Jevalikar, Ganesh, Rutuja Sharma, Khalid J. Farooqui, Anshu Singh, Sandeep Budhiraja, Arun Dewan, and Ambrish Mithal. "Lack of Association Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Outcomes in Hospitalized Indian Patients With COVID-19." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A277—A278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.563.

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Abstract Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is thought to play a role in determining the outcomes of COVID-19. India has a high prevalence of VDD. We hypothesized that VDD as measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) <20 ng/mL is associated with severe COVID-19 infection. Outcomes were assessed by the WHO ordinal scale for clinical improvement (OSCI)1, the need for oxygen therapy, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), and inflammatory markers. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was proven by RT-PCR on the nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV2. Serum 25OHD and PTH were measured in addition to the standard protocol for COVID-19. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS v22.0. Patients with OSCI score < 5 were classified as mild and ≥5 as severe disease. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. A total of 410 patients (127 females, 9 pediatric, 17 asymptomatic) were included with a median age of 54 years (6–92 years) with 272(66.3%) having at least one co-morbid condition, including diabetes (190, 46.3%) and hypertension (164,40%). Patients with VDD (197,48%) were significantly younger (46.7±17.1 vs. 57.8±14.7 years) and had lesser prevalence of diabetes and hypertension (39.1% vs 52.4%, 29.4% vs 49.5%). Proportion of severe cases (26,13.2% vs. 31,14.6%), mortality (4, 2% vs. 11, 5.2%), oxygen requirement (68,34.5% vs.92,43.4), ICU admission (29, 14.7% vs. 42, 19.8%), need for inotropes (7,3.6% vs.12,5.7%) was not significantly different between patients with VDD and those with normal 25OHD level. The proportion of severe cases was similar across all 25OHD categories. There was no significant correlation between 25OHD levels and outcome OSCI, inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, D-dimer, ferritin, LDH). PTH levels positively correlated with D-dimer (r 0.117, p- 0.019), ferritin (r 0.132, p-0.010) and LDH (r0.124, p-0.018). Amongst VDD patients, 128(64.9%) were treated with cholecalciferol with a median dose of 60000 IU. The proportion of severe cases, oxygen, or ICU admission was not significantly different in the treated vs. untreated group. In conclusion, baseline levels of 25OHD did not determine the severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 or levels of inflammatory markers. Treatment with cholecalciferol did not make any difference to the clinical outcomes of those with VDD. Reference:1WHO R&D Blueprint, novel Coronavirus. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/blueprint/priority-diseases/key-action/COVID-19_Treatment_Trial_Design_Master_Protocol_synopsis_Final_18022020.pdf

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Miller, Janice, Frances Gunn, Malcolm G. Dunlop, Farhat VN Din, and Yasuko Maeda. "Development of a customised data management system for a COVID-19-adapted colorectal cancer pathway." BMJ Health & Care Informatics 28, no. 1 (July 2021): e100307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2020-100307.

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ObjectivesA customised data management system was required for a rapidly implemented COVID-19-adapted colorectal cancer pathway in order to mitigate the risks of delayed and missed diagnoses during the pandemic. We assessed its performance and robustness.MethodsA system was developed using Microsoft Excel (2007) to retain the spreadsheets’ intuitiveness of direct data entry. Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) was used to construct a user-friendly interface to enhance efficiency of data entry and segregate the data for operational tasks.ResultsLarge data segregation was possible using VBA macros. Data validation and conditional formatting minimised data entry errors. Computation by the COUNT function facilitated live data monitoring.ConclusionIt is possible to rapidly implement a makeshift database system with clinicians’ regular input. Large-volume data management using a spreadsheet system is possible with appropriate data definition and VBA-programmed data segregation. The described concept is applicable to any data management system construction requiring speed and flexibility in a resource-limited situation.

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Kikuchi, Shintaro, Akito Tanoue, Nobutake Matsuo, and Gozoh Tsujimoto. "Characterization of mouse V1a arginine vasopressin receptor gene." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 79 (1999): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)34582-2.

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Abuabara-Franco, Emilio, Michael Alejandro Diaz-Rendón, Angélica Romero-Henríquez, Natalia Herrera-Cogollo, José Bohórquez-Rivero, and Isabella Uparella-Gulfo. "Airway management in COVID-19 diagnostic patient." Salud Uninorte 36, no. 1 (August 2, 2021): 256–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/sun.36.1.616.213.

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Objetivo: En la presente revisión narrativa se realiza una descripción de las técnicas de manejo de la vía aérea en paciente con diagnóstico de COVID-19.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una exhaustiva búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Science Direct y PubMed. Se incluyeron artículos originales y artículos de revisión. También se incluyeron actualizaciones de las entidades internacionales y nacionales acerca de la situación actual de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 y el manejo de la vía aérea en pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19.Resultados: Para el manejo de la vía aérea en pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 es imprescindible el uso del equipo de protección completa. El profesional de la salud debe estar capacitado para la realización de los procedimientos necesarios para llevar a cabo dicho tópico. Se debe tener presente que aplicarlos de forma ordenada, rápida y eficaz reducirá la exposición al SARS-CoV-2.Conclusiones: Se considera que al realizar todos los pasos adecuados para el manejo de la vía aérea en este tipo de pacientes se reducirá notablemente la posibilidad de contagio de un profesional de la salud. Sin embargo, cabe resaltar que actualmente muchas instituciones no cuentan con todo el equipo de protección o con el personal capacitado para llevar a cabo tan importante tarea; por lo cual se están investigado medidas más económicas tanto para el manejo de la vía aérea como para la rehabilitación de estos pacientes

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Homma, Akihiko, Yoshiyuki Taenaka, Eisuke Tatsumi, Eiki Akagawa, Hwansong Lee, Tomohiro Nishinaka, Yoshiaki Takewa, et al. "Development of a pneumatic VAD drive unit aiming at compact wearable type." Journal of Life Support Engineering 19, Supplement (2007): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5136/lifesupport.19.supplement_23.

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Xing-yuan, Zhang, and Takeo Furukawa. "Low-Temperature Low-Frequency Dielectric Relaxations in VDF(81)/TeFE(19) Copolymers." Acta Physica Sinica (Overseas Edition) 3, no. 5 (May 1994): 374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1004-423x/3/5/008.

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Atauje S., José, Mercy Ramírez V., Alfonso Zúñiga H., Pedro Ospina S., Dennis Navarro M., and Hermelinda Rivera G. "Detección de anticuerpos contra el virus de distemper canino en jaguares (Panthera onca) y pumas (Puma concolor) en Madre de Dios, Perú." Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú 30, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v30i1.15693.

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El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la presencia de anticuerpos contra el virus de distemper canino (vDC) en jaguares (Panthera onca) y pumas (Puma concolor) de vida libre en Madre de Dios. Las 19 muestras (jaguares = 13, pumas= 6) fueron colectadas en la Concesión de Conservación Río Los Amigos (n=2) y la Reserva Nacional Tambopata/ Parque Nacional Bahuaja Sonene (n=17) durante los trabajos de la World Wildlife Fund (WWF) entre 2006 y 2008. La detección de anticuerpos contra el vDC se hizo mediante la prueba de inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) en una dilución de 1:50. Todos los felinos silvestres de vida libre resultaron negativos a anticuerpos contra el vDC. Los resultados indican que estos felinos no estuvieron expuestos al vDC.

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Ignaszewski, M., K. Pandrangi, M. Kabbany, J. E. Wilcox, E. E. Vorovich, A. Tibrewala, Y. Raza, et al. "To VAD or Not to VAD: A Case of Durable Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation in a COVID-19 Patient." Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 40, no. 4 (April 2021): S521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2092.

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Newington, Dash F. T., Fabrizio De Rita, Alan McCheyne, and Claire Louise Barker. "Pediatric Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: An Anesthesia Perspective." Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 25, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1089253221998546.

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Background Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are increasingly being implanted in children, yet there is little literature to guide anesthetic management for these procedures. Aims To describe the pediatric population presenting for VAD implantation and the anesthetic management these patients receive. To compare (a) children under and over 12 months of age and (b) children with and without congenital heart disease. Methods Retrospective review of patients aged 0 to 17 years who underwent VAD implantation at a single center between 2014 and 2019. Results Seventy-seven VADs were implanted in 68 patients (46 left VADs, 24 biventricular VADs, 6 right VADs, and 1 univentricular VAD). One procedure was abandoned. Preoperatively, 20 (26%) patients were supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and 57 (73%) patients were ventilated. Intraoperative donor blood products were required in 74 (95%) cases. Postimplantation inotropic support was required in 66 (85%) cases overall and 46 (100%) patients receiving a left VAD. Infants under 12 months were more likely to require preoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (42% vs 19%), have femoral venous access (54% vs 28%), receive an intraoperative vasoconstrictor (42% vs 24%), and have delayed sternal closure (63 vs 22%). Mortality was higher in patients under 12 months (25% vs 19%) and in patients with congenital heart disease (25% vs 20%). Conclusions Children undergoing VAD implantation require high levels of preoperative organ support, high-dose intraoperative inotropic support, and high-volume blood transfusion. Children under 12 months and those with congenital heart disease are particularly challenging for anesthesiologists and have worse overall outcomes.

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Bayrhuber, Monika, Thomas Meins, Michael Habeck, Stefan Becker, Karin Giller, Saskia Villinger, Clemens Vonrhein, Christian Griesinger, Markus Zweckstetter, and Kornelius Zeth. "Structure of the human voltage-dependent anion channel." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 40 (October 1, 2008): 15370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0808115105.

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The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), also known as mitochondrial porin, is the most abundant protein in the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). VDAC is the channel known to guide the metabolic flux across the MOM and plays a key role in mitochondrially induced apoptosis. Here, we present the 3D structure of human VDAC1, which was solved conjointly by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography. Human VDAC1 (hVDAC1) adopts a β-barrel architecture composed of 19 β-strands with an α-helix located horizontally midway within the pore. Bioinformatic analysis indicates that this channel architecture is common to all VDAC proteins and is adopted by the general import pore TOM40 of mammals, which is also located in the MOM.

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Shlyakhto, E. V., E. V. Parmon, G. V. Kosyakov, and G. A. Kukharchik. "Educational Adaptation and Digital Transformation in the Context of the Novel Coronavirus Infection COVID-19." Virtual Technologies in Medicine 1, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.46594/2687-0037_2021_3_1345.

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The materials highlight the experience of digital transformation and educational adaptation to the conditions of the novel coronavirus infection. The report presents new formats for organizing training sessions and practical training, tested in V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center.

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Chestovich, Paul J., Murray H. Kwon, H. Gill Cryer, Areti Tillou, and Jonathan R. Hiatt. "Surgical Procedures for Patients Receiving Mechanical Cardiac Support." American Surgeon 77, no. 10 (October 2011): 1314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481107701008.

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Mechanical cardiac support devices are used for patients with cardiopulmonary failure. We reviewed our institutional experience with noncardiac surgical procedures (NCPs) in patients supported by ventricular assist devices (VADs, n = 198) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO, n = 165) between July 1998 and June 2010. In total, 64 NCPs were performed in 55 VAD patients and 14 NCPs in 14 ECMO patients. Thirty-day mortality was higher for the VAD compared with the ECMO group (25 vs 86%; P < 0.001) and was greater for emergent compared with nonemergent procedures (58 vs 19%; P < 0.001). Excluding tracheostomy, no patients died within 30 days of a nonemergent procedure. Kaplan-Meier survival showed a trend toward worse survival after NCP in ECMO patients, but NCP did not alter survival in VAD patients. Fewer VAD patients were bridged to heart transplantation when NCP was required, and time from device implantation to transplant was significantly longer than for patients without NCP. In summary, this is the largest series of NCPs on VAD support and the only series on ECMO. Mortality is substantial for ECMO patients. Selected procedures can be performed safely in VAD patients but will delay heart transplantation.

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Jou, C. Jerry, Jay P. Farber, Chao Qin, and Robert D. Foreman. "Afferent pathways for cardiac-somatic motor reflexes in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 281, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): R2096—R2102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.6.r2096.

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The present study used a rat model in which algogenic chemicals were infused into the pericardial sac to evoke spasmlike contractions in paraspinal muscles. The following techniques were used to study the roles of sympathetic (SCA) and vagal cardiac afferents (VCA) in electromyographic (EMG) responses to pericardial algogenic chemicals: chemical stimulation, electrical stimulation, and nerve transection. Activation with bradykinin ( n = 46) produced a significantly higher peak response than infusion of an algogenic mixture ( n = 53) containing chemicals that also activate VCA. Electrical stimulation of SCA produced bilateral EMG activities (7 of 7). Electrical stimulation of VCA did not evoke EMG activity but inhibited the chemically evoked EMG response (12 of 12). The chemically evoked response was decreased after transection of the left sympathetic chain ( n = 22) and was increased after bilateral vagotomy ( n = 19). These results suggest an excitatory and inhibitory role for SCA and VCA, respectively. Therefore, in addition to spinothalamic convergence of somatic and visceral afferents, activation of SCA to generate spasmlike muscle contractions could account in part for anginal pain, and VCA activation could attenuate this effect.

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Li, Juan, Shoulin Li, Yihong Song, Wei Zhou, Xiaohao Zhu, Suo Xu, Yihong Ma, and Chunlin Zhu. "Association of Serum FAM19A5 with Cognitive Impairment in Vascular Dementia." Disease Markers 2020 (August 3, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8895900.

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Objective. Family with sequence similarity 19 member A5 (FAM19A5), a novel chemokine-like peptide, is a secreted protein mainly expressed in the brain. FAM19A5 was recently found to be involved in a variety of neurological diseases; however, its correlation with vascular dementia (VaD) remains unclear. The aim of the study is to explore the association between serum FAM19A5 and cognitive impairment in subjects with VaD. Method. 136 VaD subjects and 81 normal controls were recruited in the study. Their demographic and clinical baseline data were collected on admission. All subjects received Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) evaluation, which was used to test their cognitive functions. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the serum levels of FAM19A5. Results. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the demographic and clinical baseline data (p>0.05). The serum FAM19A5 levels were significantly higher compared to normal controls (p<0.001). The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that serum FAM19A5 levels and MMSE scores have a significant negative correlation in VaD patients (r=−0.414, <0.001). Further multiple regression analysis indicated that serum FAM19A5 levels were independent risk predictors for cognitive functions in VaD (β=0.419, p=0.031). Conclusion. The serum FAM19A5 level of VaD patients is significantly increased, which may serve as a biomarker to predict cognitive function of VaD.

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Bastos Maia, Sabina, Maria Costa Caminha, Suzana Lins da Silva, Alex Rolland Souza, Camila Carvalho dos Santos, and Malaquias Batista Filho. "The Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency and Associated Factors in Pregnant Women Receiving Prenatal Care at a Reference Maternity Hospital in Northeastern Brazil." Nutrients 10, no. 9 (September 9, 2018): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091271.

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Vitamin A is essential for mother and child; however, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains a public health issue in various countries, affecting around 19 million pregnant women. In Brazil, the scarcity and inconsistency of data have prevented the prevalence and epidemiological status of VAD from being established. This study aimed to analyze vitamin A nutritional status in women receiving prenatal care at a reference center in northeastern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 676 women. Serum retinol was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Subclinical infection was detected by measuring C-reactive protein (CRP). The World Health Organization criteria were used in the prevalence analysis, VAD classification level, and CRP effect evaluation. The prevalence of VAD (serum retinol <0.70 μmol/L) was 6.2% (95% confidence interval 4.5–8.3). In the univariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with VAD (p < 0.05) were having <12 years of schooling, being in the third trimester of pregnancy, and anemia. In the final multivariate model, the variables that remained significantly associated (p < 0.05) were being in the third trimester of pregnancy and anemia. VAD constituted a mild public health problem in this sample of pregnant women and was associated with the third trimester of pregnancy and maternal anemia.

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a, Srinivasan, Prathap Kumar, Velladuraichi a, Ilaya Kumar, and Sritharan b. "OUR INSTIUTIONAL EXPERIENCE IN VISCERAL ARTERY ANEURYSMS." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 03 (March 31, 2021): 605–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12620.

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Objectives: To evaluate the incidence, management, and outcome of visceral artery aneurysms (VAA) over the 5. years in our institution, a tertiary care centre, Madras Medical College. Methods 14 patients with 19 VAA were analysed according to location, diameter, aneurysm type, aetiology, rupture, management, and outcome. Results: VAA were localised at the splenic artery, coeliac trunk, renal artery, hepatic artery, superior mesenteric artery, and other locations. The aetiology was mostly degenerative, connective tissue disease. The rate of rupture was higher in pseudo-aneurysms than true aneurysms (66% vs 5%). 18 VAA were treated by intervention {coil embolisation} (n=3) or surgery (n=9) or hybrid [n=1] and one patient was managed conservatively. Three cases with ruptured VAA were treated on an emergency basis. The largest aneurysm was about 16cm and smallest one was about 1mm . After interventional treatment, the 30-day mortality was 21.4 % in ruptured VAA compared to no mortality in non-ruptured cases. Follow-up included USG and/or CT after a mean period of 7 months. The current status of the patient was obtained by a structured telephone survey. Conclusions: There is increase incidence of Celiac and SMA aneurysms. Aneurysm size seems to be a reliable predictor for rupture. Young patient need vasculitic workup for further management.

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Peterson, Joshua, Pablo Padilla, Kelsey Gray, Ramón Zapata-Sirvent, William Norbury, Ludwik Branski, and Peter Dziewulski. "109 Vascular Composite Allotransplantation in Burn Reconstruction: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S72—S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.112.

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Abstract Introduction The first vascular composite allotransplantation (VCA) was performed in 1998, with the first post-burn VCA in 2003. Since then, 21 burn patients have been recipients of VCAs. Controversy exists regarding safety of VCA in burn patients due to high levels of immunologic sensitization attributed to use of cadaver allograft. We seek to understand unique considerations of VCA in burn reconstruction and its relative safety compared to VCA in non-burn reconstruction. Methods A systematic review of VCA in burn reconstruction was conducted using the PubMed, Media and EBSCO database to retrieve all articles and news stories studying VCA from Jan. 2000 to May 2019. Only articles containing composite tissue allotransplantation, VCA, and reconstructive surgery were included. Articles that did not report outcomes or patient information were excluded. Reported cases were grouped according to injury and tissue (face vs. upper extremity) with mortality as a dependent variable. Statistical analysis was performed with the Fisher exact test. Results Of 63 articles obtained, 21 met criteria. After secondary review by the senior author, 6 more articles were included. To date, 147 VCAs are reported in 112 patients, including 40 face VCAs and 107 upper extremity VCAs. Of these, 30 (20%) were performed for post-burn deformities, and 117 (80%) for non-burn deformities. A total of 21 post-burn patients received VCAs with 4 subsequent deaths (19%). Post-burn recipients of upper extremity VCAs had significantly higher mortality than non-burn recipients of the same (p = 0.01), but there was no significant difference in face VCA mortality (p = 1.0) or overall mortality (p = 0.06) between groups. Conclusions VCA is a forefront procedure employed worldwide for reconstruction of devastating injuries. Presently, burn patients are at greater risk of mortality after upper extremity VCA, but not face VCA. Burn patients will benefit from focused investigation of unique post-burn risk factors of VCA mortality. Applicability of Research to Practice Disparities between post-burn and non-burn VCA outcomes suggest the presence of unique risk factors in burn patients. Investigation of unique risk factors will improve safety of VCA for burn patients.

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Shcherbakova, Marina I. "“Revelations Beneficial to Heart . . .” on the Book by Yuri Prozorov (2017) V.A. Zhukovskiy v Istoriko-Literaturnom Osveshchenii. Estetika. Poetika. Traditsii [V.A. Zhukovsky in a Historical and Literary Interpretation. Aesthetics. Poetics. Traditions]. St. Petersburg: Poligraf." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 19 (April 1, 2019): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/19/9.

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Sushko, Yeva. "REMOTE ACTIVITIES OF THE PARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLY OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE AND THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS IN TIME OF COVID-19." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Law, no. 70 (August 17, 2020): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vla.2020.70.065.

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Gautam, Kedar Raj, and Pramila Paudel. "Fertility Differential Among Lower Caste in Lamachaur VDC, Kaski." Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3 (July 31, 2017): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v3i0.17896.

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Fertility measures the rate of which a population adds to itself by births and is normally assessed by relating the number of births to the size of some section of population. It has been observed that the levels and patterns of fertility vary considerably in various sub groups of the same population in terms of educational attainment, occupation, age at marriage, contraception user etc. This study, therefore, attempts to study of fertility differential among lower caste people. This study is based on descriptive cum analytical research design. Every household of Dalit community in ward no 6, 7 and 8 of Lamachaur VDC are included in the study with a sample population of 85eligible women aged 15-49 years from 85 households. Fertility differential among lower caste people shows that most of the respondents were in the age group of 36-49 and then followed by age group 26-35 and 15-25. Higher fertility is concentrated in the age at marriage from 16 to 19 as compare to other groups of age at marriage. Literate respondents have low fertility as compared to illiterate respondents. Working respondents have high fertility as compared to non-working respondents. The users of contraception have high fertility as compared to non-users of contraception.But, there is no significant relationship between fertility and age of women, age at marriage, literacy status, occupation and users of contraception as measured by chi-square test. It is better to make women literate and to marry at the age after 19 to reduce fertility.Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), page: 47-53

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Summers, William A. T., and Deborah A. Court. "Origami in outer membrane mimetics: correlating the first detailed images of refolded VDAC with over 20 years of biochemical data." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 88, no. 3 (June 2010): 425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o09-115.

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Mitochondrial porin forms an aqueous pore in the outer membrane, through which selective passage of small metabolites and ions occurs, thereby regulating both mitochondrial function and cellular respiration. Investigations of the structure and function of porin have been performed with whole mitochondria, membrane vesicles, artificial membranes, and in detergent solutions, resulting in numerous models of porin structure. The mechanisms by which this protein functions are undoubtedly linked to its structure, which remained elusive until 2008, with reports of 3 high-resolution structures of this voltage-dependent, anion-selective channel (VDAC). The barrel structure is relatively simple yet unique: it is arranged as 19 anti-parallel β-strands, with β-strands 1 and 19 aligned parallel to each other to close the barrel. The N-terminal helical component is located within the lumen of the channel, although its precise structure and location in the lumen varies. With the basic barrel structure in hand, the data obtained in attempts to model the structure and understand porin over the past 20 years can be re-evaluated. Herein, using the mammalian VDAC structures as templates, the amassed electrophysiological and biochemical information has been reassessed with respect to the functional mechanisms of VDAC activity, with a focus on voltage-dependent gating.

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Wang, Peng-Jian, Di Zhou, Huan-Huan Guo, Wen-Feng Liu, Jin-Zhan Su, Mao-Sen Fu, Charanjeet Singh, Sergei Trukhanov, and Alex Trukhanov. "Ultrahigh enhancement rate of the energy density of flexible polymer nanocomposites using core–shell BaTiO3@MgO structures as the filler." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 22 (2020): 11124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta03304a.

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An ultrahigh enhancement rate of U_d (≈187%) and U_d (≈19 J cm⁻³) have been obtained for P(VDF-HFP)-based nanocomposites using novel core–shell BaTiO₃@MgO as the filler.

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Boschi, S., G. Gravina, M. Masetti, L. Giovannini, P. Prestinenzi, M. Sabatino, A. Loforte, et al. "Proper Left Ventricular Assist Device Outpatients Monitoring: VAD Coordinator Interface Despite COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 40, no. 4 (April 2021): S392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1104.

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Belenchia, Anthony M., Sarah A. Johnson, Mark R. Ellersieck, Cheryl S. Rosenfeld, and Catherine A. Peterson. "In utero vitamin D deficiency predisposes offspring to long-term adverse adipose tissue effects." Journal of Endocrinology 234, no. 3 (September 2017): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-17-0015.

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The fetal period represents an important window of susceptibility for later obesity and metabolic disease. Maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD) during pregnancy is a global concern that may have long-lasting consequences on offspring metabolic health. We sought to determine whether a VDD in utero environment affects fetal adipose tissue development and offspring metabolic disease predisposition in adulthood. Furthermore, we sought to explore the extent to which the VDD intrauterine environment interacts with genetic background or postnatal environment to influence metabolic health. Eight-week-old P0 female C57BL/6J mice were fed either a VDD diet or sufficient diet (VDS) from four weeks before pregnancy (periconception) then bred to male Avy/a mice. Females were maintained on the diets throughout gestation. At weaning, Avy/a and a/a male F1 offspring were randomized to low-fat (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) until 19 weeks of age, at which point serum and adipose tissue were harvested for analyses. Mice born to VDD dams weighed less at weaning than offspring born to VDS dams but experienced rapid weight gain in the four weeks post weaning, and acquired a greater ratio of perigonadal (PGAT) to subcutaneous (SQAT) than control offspring. Additionally, these mice were more susceptible to HFD-induced adipocyte hypertrophy. Offspring of VDD dams also had greater expression of Pparg transcript. These novel findings demonstrate that in utero VDD, an easily correctable but highly prevalent health concern, predisposes offspring to long-term adipose tissue consequences and possible adverse metabolic health complications.

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Ribeiro, Natalia, Helena do Nascimento Panizza, Karoline Martins dos Santos, Hildebrando C. Ferreira-Neto, and Vagner Roberto Antunes. "Salt-induced sympathoexcitation involves vasopressin V1a receptor activation in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 309, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): R1369—R1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00312.2015.

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A high-salt diet can lead to hydromineral imbalance and increases in plasma sodium and osmolality. It is recognized as one of the major contributing factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a pivotal role in osmotically driven sympathoexcitation and high blood pressure, the precise mechanisms of which are not fully understood. Recent evidence indicates that AVP released from magnocellular neurons might be involved in this process. Using a combination of in vivo and in situ studies, we sought to investigate whether AVP, acting on PVN neurons, can change mean arterial pressure (MAP) and sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in euhydrated male rats. Furthermore, we wanted to determine whether V1a receptors on PVN neurons would be involved in salt-induced sympathoexcitation and hypertension. In rats, 4 days of salt loading (NaCl 2%) elicited a significant increase in plasma osmolality (39 ± 7 mosmol/kgH2O), an increase in MAP (26 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.001), and sympathoexcitation compared with euhydrated rats. Microinjection of AVP into the PVN of conscious euhydrated animals (100 nl, 3 μM) elicited a pressor response (14 ± 2 mmHg) and a significant increase in lumbar SNA (100 nl, 1 mM) (19 ± 5%). Pretreatment with a V1a receptor antagonist, microinjected bilaterally into the PVN of salt-loaded animals, elicited a decrease in lumbar SNA (−14 ± 5%) and MAP (−19 ± 5 mmHg), when compared with the euhydrated group. Our findings show that AVP plays an important role in modulating the salt-induced sympathoexcitation and high blood pressure, via V1a receptors, within the PVN of male rats. As such, V1a receptors in the PVN might contribute to neurogenic hypertension in individuals consuming a high-salt diet.

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Edqvist, E., and E. Hedlund. "Design and manufacturing considerations of low-voltage multilayer P(VDF-TrFE) actuators." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 19, no. 11 (October 9, 2009): 115019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/19/11/115019.

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Popov, Boskovic, Sagic, Radevic, Ilijevski, Nenezic, Tasic, Davidovic, and Radak. "Treatment of visceral artery aneurysms: Retrospective study of 35 cases." Vasa 36, no. 3 (August 1, 2007): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526.36.3.191.

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Background: Visceral artery aneurysms (VAA) represent a rare clinical entity with possible life-threatening complications. The presentation, diagnosis and management vary accordingly to the artery involved and the underlying pathology. Patients and methods: During a 25-year period (1980–2005), 35 patients (25 males + 10 females, age range 36–73 years-median 59.2 years) with VAA were treated at two tertiary vascular surgery centers in Belgrade. All data were retrospectively collected from the patient’s records. Results: On presentation, 19/35 patients were symptomatic, and 3/35 had ruptured VAA. Surgery was performed in 28 cases; most commonly involved arteries were splenic (11), hepatic (5), celiac trunk (5), superior mesenteric (3), inferior mesenteric (3) and gastroduodenal (1). Fatal rupture occurred in two patients. In 5 patients abdominal aortic aneurysm was associated with VAA, and in 4 patients multiple aneurysms of the involved artery were noted. Successful embolization was performed in 3 patients. Overall, four patients were treated medically. In the surgically treated patients, perioperative mortality and morbidity were 11% (3/28) and 40% (10/25) respectively. Of 25 patients included in the long-term follow up, six died. Conclusion: Since VAA have considerable tendency to rupture, an active approach is necessary. Based on our experience, surgical treatment could be recommended for any VAA patient with symptoms. In addition, we believe that the choice of the therapeutic procedure should be made on an individual basis.

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Nelles, Gereon, Guido Widmann, Joachim Esser, Anette Meistrowitz, Johannes Weber, Michael Forsting, and H. Christoph Diener. "Cortical reorganization of the visual system in post-stroke hemianopia studied with fMRI." Stroke 32, suppl_1 (January 2001): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/str.32.suppl_1.334.

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102 Introduction: Restitution of unilateral visual field defects following occipital cortex lesions occurs rarely. Partial recovery, however, can be observed in patients with incomplete lesion of the visual cortex. Our objective was to study the neuroplastic changes in the visual system that underlie such recovery. Methods and Results: Six patients with a left PCA-territory cortical stroke and 6 healthy control subjects were studied during rest and during visual stimulation using a 1.5 T fMRI with a 40 mT gradient. Visual stimuli were projected with a laptop computer onto a 154 x 115 cm screen, placed 90 cm in front of the gantry. Subjects were asked to fixate a red point in the center of the screen during both conditions. During stimulation, a black-and-white checkerboard pattern reversal was presented in each hemifield. For each side, 120 volumes of 48 contiguous axial fMRI images were obtained during rest and during hemifield stimulation in alternating order (60 volumes for each condition). Significant differences of rCBF between stimulation and rest were assessed as group analyses using statistical parametric mapping (SPM 99; p<0.01, corrected for multiple comparison). In controls, strong increases of rCBF (Z=7.6) occurred in the contralateral primary visual cortex V1 (area 17) and in V3a (area 18) and V5 (area 19). No differences were found between the right and left side in controls. During stimulation of the unaffected (left) visual field in hemianopic patients, activation occurred in contralateral V1, but the strongest increases of rCBF (Z>10) were seen in contralateral V3a (area 18) and V5 (area 19). During stimulation of the hemianopic (right) visual field, no activation was found in the primary visual cortex of either hemisphere. The most significant activation (Z=9.2) was seen in the ipsilateral V3a and V5 areas, and contralateral (left) V3a. Conclusions: Partial recovery from hemianopia is associated with strong ipsilateral activation of the visual system. Processing of visual stimuli in the hemianopic side spares the primary visual cortex and may involve recruitment of neurons in ipsilateral (contralesional) areas V3a and V5.

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KUSHNIR, Kseniya I. "The element “water” and its lexical representation in the poetry of V.A. Soloukhin." Neophilology, no. 19 (2019): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2019-5-19-275-281.

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We analyze the linguistic features of poetic texts by V.A. Soloukhin. We investigate the semantics of “water” as the designation of one of the nature elements, and its functional features. We give complex description of the linguistic embodiment of the “water” element in the author’s artistic worldview. We focus on consideration of the lexemes that serve to represent the water element, conducting the most complete analysis of V.A. Soloukhin’s use of this element in poetic works. We consider element in connection with the peculiarities of the Russian mentality, culture and history in the national specifics. We pay attention to the description of substantive side of water element and philosophical, historical and cultural meanings related to this lexeme, to the implementation and use of this linguistic unit in specific texts and in the minds of native speakers. We provide the description of nature on the example of water element, the structure and functions of this word. The study may have a practical focus in the framework of teaching Russian, including Russian as a foreign language; in studying the work of V.A. Soloukhin in the literature studies course and in the compilation of author’s dictionaries.

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Salinas, Thalia, Samira El Farouk-Ameqrane, Elodie Ubrig, Claude Sauter, Anne-Marie Duchêne, and Laurence Maréchal-Drouard. "Molecular basis for the differential interaction of plant mitochondrial VDAC proteins with tRNAs." Nucleic Acids Research 42, no. 15 (August 11, 2014): 9937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku728.

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Abstract In plants, the voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC) is a major component of a pathway involved in transfer RNA (tRNA) translocation through the mitochondrial outer membrane. However, the way in which VDAC proteins interact with tRNAs is still unknown. Potato mitochondria contain two major mitochondrial VDAC proteins, VDAC34 and VDAC36. These two proteins, composed of a N-terminal α-helix and of 19 β-strands forming a β-barrel structure, share 75% sequence identity. Here, using both northwestern and gel shift experiments, we report that these two proteins interact differentially with nucleic acids. VDAC34 binds more efficiently with tRNAs or other nucleic acids than VDAC36. To further identify specific features and critical amino acids required for tRNA binding, 21 VDAC34 mutants were constructed and analyzed by northwestern. This allowed us to show that the β-barrel structure of VDAC34 and the first 50 amino acids that contain the α-helix are essential for RNA binding. Altogether the work shows that during evolution, plant mitochondrial VDAC proteins have diverged so as to interact differentially with nucleic acids, and this may reflect their involvement in various specialized biological functions.

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Martin-Moreno, José Mª. "COVID-19 crisis: epidemiological and social perspective of an unprecedented pandemic in our lives." ANALES RANM 137, no. 137(02) (September 30, 2020): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32440/ar.2020.137.02.rev02.

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Increasing globalization drives complex human, biological and commercial interactions that affect the way we live and get sick. The pandemic risk that has appeared with the COVID-19 had already been anticipated by many institutions and experts, yet our governments and decision-makers have not prepared themselves sufficiently. This has meant that the devastating epidemic we have suffered has caught our entire system off guard. The SARS in 2003 and the MERS in 2012 were previous warnings of coronavirus mutations that presented a worrying infectivity and lethality, although they managed to be controlled with public health measures. On this occasion, the arrogance of many of our countries has meant that although the pandemic was coming progressively and announced, we did not do enough to prepare and strengthen the health system and public health. In this paper, we basically review the etiological agent, the incubation period, the mechanisms of transmission, the risk factors, the summarized clinical manifestations, the epidemiological analysis of the situation (including incidence or new cases, mortality and lethality, and estimating the excess mortality associated with the COVID-19), and the confinement and gradual stages of de-escalation. From the social point of view, the vulnerable groups that have been particularly affected by COVID-19 in Spain are identified. The article concludes by reviewing preventive medicine and public health measures in the face of COVID-19. This is articulated through the measures of basic hygiene and to investigate what we can expect from primary prevention through the mechanism of immunization that can provide us with vaccines. In the final part, the problem is discussed in order to develop, select, prioritize, and distribute these vaccines as a universal good, and it is emphasized that for now, and while we lack vaccines, our obligation is to continue insisting on hygiene and… on healthy behaviors. And to emphasize the importance of education for a better world.

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Toro, Juan J., Manuel Morales, Fausto R. Loberiza, and Cesar O. Freytes. "Patterns of Use of Vascular Access Devices (VAD) in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT): Results of an International Survey." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.2195.2195.

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Abstract Background: There is limited information regarding the patterns of use of VAD in patients undergoing HSCT. With its frequent use in HSCT and its potential to cause morbidity, studying the patterns of VAD use have clinical and preventive implications. Methods: A World Wide Web based 19-item questionnaire was designed to determine the patterns of use of VAD in patients undergoing HSCT. The questionnaire was sent via electronic mail to the directors of HSCT programs throughout the world. Results: Of the 445 centers surveyed, 163 centers replied for a response rate of 37%. Fifty-seven percent of the respondents were from North America, 21% from Europe, 7% from Asia and 15% from other geographic areas. Sixty-two percent of the institutions were university-based or teaching institutions and 18% were primarily cancer center-based. In 26% of the institutions VAD are inserted by interventional radiologists and in 18% by general surgeons. The remaining institutions utilize several healthcare professionals for VAD insertion including physicians, physician assistants, and nurses. Sixty-two percent of centers use the subclavian vein as the preferred site of insertion while 31% prefer to use the internal jugular vein. VAD insertions are done in the operating room in 36% of centers, while 26% of the institutions prefer to use the radiology suite. The majority of the institutions (82%) did not give prophylactic antibiotics to patients before VAD insertion. The most commonly used method to determine catheter position was chest X-ray (62%) followed by fluoroscopy (36%). The most frequently utilized VAD for autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvest when peripheral vein access was not possible was the two-lumen silicone pheresis type catheter (62%). Fifty-eight percent of the institutions utilize the same catheter used for PBSC harvest to provide vascular access support during the transplant. The most frequently utilized VAD for allogeneic stem cell transplantation was the multilumen silicone pheresis type catheter (68%). Only 18% utilize low-dose warfarin routinely for prophylaxis of VAD-related thrombosis. When thrombosis of the catheter is suspected, 82% of the transplant centers routinely perform radiologic studies. The most common radiologic study performed to evaluate VAD thrombosis was sonography (63%) followed by venography (25%). Medications utilized by the institutions for initial therapy of VAD occlusion included recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (48%), urokinase (23%) and heparin (18%). Of interest, 64% of the institutions had established criteria for removal of VAD when infection was suspected or documented and only 48% had established criteria for removal of VAD when occlusion was suspected or established. Sixty-nine percent of the institutions had established criteria for removal of VAD after transplantation. Conclusions: The patterns of use of VAD during HSCT vary widely across institutions. Many centers do not have established criteria for VAD removal after HSCT or in response to VAD complications. Studies should be performed to determine the optimal use of VAD during HSCT.

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Roberts, Scott C., Jonathan D. Rich, Duc T. Pham, Rebecca Harap, and Valentina Stosor. "1177. A Spectrum of Infectious Complications in Continuous-Flow Ventricular Assist Devices: A Single-Center Longitudinal Cohort." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S421—S422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1040.

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Abstract Background Infections remain a frequent complication of patients (patients) with ventricular assist devices (VAD). We evaluated the epidemiology and outcomes of VAD infections at our center over a 10-year period. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of continuous-flow VAD recipients from July 2008-September 2018. VAD-specific and -related infections were characterized according to 2013 ISHLT definitions. Summary and comparative statistics were performed using IBM® SPSS Statistics version 25.0. Results 433 VADs were implanted into 375 patients. A total of 86 VAD infections occurred in 79 patients, with a mean incidence of 0.19 episodes/VAD and 0.20 episodes/pt. Patients with infections were predominantly male (73.3%) and Caucasian (54.6%), and had mean age of 52.7 years, nonischemic cardiomyopathy (58.1%), and VAD as bridge to transplant (53.5%, n = 46). Types of VAD included 43.0% axial (n = 37) and 57.0% centrifugal flow (n = 49). 78% of patients with infections were colonized with at least one multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) such as MRSA (29%), VRE (73%), and ESBL (24%). Notably, 15% of infections (n = 13) occurred within 60 d of VAD implantation, with mean time to onset 36 d (5–60 d) post-VAD. Early infections (<60d) involved driveline exit site (DLES) (n = 4), pocket (n = 3), and pump (n = 7) with 7 VAD-related blood stream infections (BSI), 6 infective endocarditis (IE), and 2 mediastinitis. Early infections involved Gram-positive (GP) bacteria (84.6%, n = 11), Gram-negatives (GN) (45.5%, n = 5), anaerobes (23.1%, n = 3), fungi (30.8%, n = 4), MDRO (61.5%, n = 8) and 32 pathogens (69.2%, n = 9). 85% of infections occurred late (n = 73) with mean time to onset 338 d (69–1215 d). In late infections (>60d), impacted sites included DLES (n = 38), pocket (n = 7), and pump (n = 40), with 42 BSI, 36 IE, and 2 mediastinitis. Pathogens were 68.5% GP (n = 50), 37.0% GN (n = 27), 2.7% anaerobes (n = 2), 2.7% fungi (n = 2), 17.8% MDRO (n = 13), and 26.0% polymicrobial (n = 19). Conclusion In this longitudinal retrospective cohort of patients supported with VADs, a majority of infections occurred >9 months post-implantation. GP pathogens predominated at all time-points. GN bacteria, including MDROs, anaerobes, and fungi are increasingly encountered. The vast majority of patients were colonized with ³1 MDRO during the course of VAD implantation. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Pfister, Karin, Piotr Kasprzak, Kyriakos Oikonomou, Hanna Apfelbeck, Wojciech Derwich, Wibke Uller, Alexander Stehr, and Wilma Schierling. "Management von Viszeralarterienaneurysmen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Organperfusion – Erfahrungen über mehr als 20 Jahre." Zentralblatt für Chirurgie - Zeitschrift für Allgemeine, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie 143, no. 05 (October 2018): 516–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0750-6016.

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Zusammenfassung Einleitung Viszeralarterienaneurysmen (VAA) sind selten und werden meist als Zufallsbefund entdeckt. Die Indikation zur Behandlung besteht bei symptomatischen Patienten, Pseudoaneurysmen sowie bei asymptomatischen Patienten bei einer Größe von mehr als 2,5 cm (Viszeralarterienaneurysmen) bzw. mehr als 3 cm (Nierenarterienaneurysmen), bei Schwangeren und vor einer Lebertransplantation. Neben der erfolgreichen, operativen oder endovaskulären Ausschaltung des Aneurysmas ist der Erhalt der Organperfusion wichtig. Die folgende Arbeit stellt das Management von Viszeralarterienaneurysmen und die Erfahrungen über einen Zeitraum von mehr als 20 Jahren dar und zeigt einen Behandlungsalgorithmus auf. Patienten Zwischen 1995 und 2018 wurden am Universitätsklinikum Regensburg 179 VAA diagnostiziert (84 Männer, 95 Frauen, medianes Alter 62 (18 – 87) Jahre). 113-mal (63%) lag ein Milzarterien-, 21- bzw. 22-mal (je 12%) ein Nieren- und Leberarterienaneurysma vor. 14-mal (8%) fand sich ein Aneurysma der gastropankreatikoduodenalen Arkade, 9-mal (5%) der A. mesenterica superior/inferior. 110 (62%) Patienten wurden bei fehlender Behandlungsindikation nachbeobachtet, 34 (19%) offen und 35 (19%) endovaskulär behandelt. Bei allen wurde präoperativ eine Bildgebung, meist mit CT-Angiografie durchgeführt. Ergebnisse Von den 69 therapierten Patienten mit VAA wurden 51 (74%) elektiv und 18 (26%) notfallmäßig wegen Blutung behandelt. 16 Notfallpatienten wurden endovaskulär, 2 offen chirurgisch behandelt. Postoperativ fand sich 2-mal eine partielle Minderdurchblutung der Leber, die folgenlos blieb. Einmal musste Dünndarm teilreseziert werden. 32/51 (63%) elektive VAA wurden offen, 19/51 (37%) endovaskulär therapiert. Leber und Darm blieben bei beiden Verfahren intakt. Bei den 21 Milz- und Nierenarterienaneurysmen wurde operativ 4-mal die Milz, 1-mal die Niere komplett entfernt, zusätzlich fanden sich postoperativ 3 Nierenteilinfarkte (gesamt 8/21 [38%]). Postinterventionell zeigte sich bei den 14 Milz- und Nierenarterienaneurysmen 2-mal ein Milz- und 3-mal ein Nierenteilinfarkt, 2-mal wurde die Milz später entfernt (gesamt 7/14 [50%]). Zum Nachweis der Organperfusion wurde die CT-Angiografie, vor allem aber der Kontrastmittelultraschall (CEUS) durchgeführt. Schlussfolgerung Bei Blutung und Pseudoaneurysmen ist die endovaskuläre Therapie das Vorgehen der ersten Wahl. Bei elektiven Eingriffen spielt die sorgfältige Planung im Hinblick auf die technische Machbarkeit der Aneurysmaausschaltung, aber auch der Erhalt der Organperfusion, vor allem bei Milz- und Nierenarterienaneurysmen, eine entscheidende Rolle. Eine bildgebende Nachsorge, vorzugsweise mit Ultraschall, wird dringend empfohlen. Vor bzw. nach Splenektomie oder bei funktioneller Asplenie sind entsprechende Impfungen vorgeschrieben.

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Journal articles on the topic 'VDA 19'

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