Relevant bibliographies by topics / Variable structure control

Academic literature on the topic 'Variable structure control'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Variable structure control.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Variable structure control"

1

Li, H. X., H. B. Gatland, and A. W. Green. "Fuzzy variable structure control." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics) 27, no. 2 (April 1997): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3477.558824.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Wei, Jianli, Shida Tian, and Xinghua Yao. "Variable Structure Control for Hypersonic Vehicle Based on Model Reference." International Journal of Applied Physics and Mathematics 5, no. 2 (2015): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17706/ijapm.2015.5.2.144-152.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Hung, J. Y., W. Gao, and J. C. Hung. "Variable structure control: a survey." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 40, no. 1 (1993): 2–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/41.184817.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Wu, Yuqiang, Xinghuo Yu, Lijun Zhang, Yu Kang, and Ningsu Luo. "Variable Structure Control and Applications." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/589759.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

YU, XINGHUO. "Discrete variable structure control systems." International Journal of Systems Science 24, no. 2 (February 1993): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207729308949495.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Cucuzzella, Michele, Gian Paolo Incremona, and Antonella Ferrara. "Event-triggered variable structure control." International Journal of Control 93, no. 2 (February 8, 2019): 252–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207179.2019.1575977.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Tan, Han-Shue, and Yuen-Kwok Chin. "Vehicle Traction Control: Variable-Structure Control Approach." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 113, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2896369.

Full text
Abstract:
A longitudinal one-wheel vehicle model is described for both anti-lock braking and anti-span acceleration. Based on this vehicle model, sufficient conditions for applying sliding-mode control to vehicle traction are derived via Lyapunov Stability Theory. With the understanding of these sufficient conditions, control laws are designed to control vehicle traction. Both the sufficient conditions and the control laws are verified using computer simulations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Niu, Hong, Qingling Zhang, Chunyu Yang, and Fenglan Bai. "Variable structure control for three-variable autocatalytic reaction." Journal of Control Theory and Applications 11, no. 3 (July 4, 2013): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11768-013-2044-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Lu, Y.-S. "Integral variable-structure control with variable-structure sliding dynamics for antireset windup." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 222, no. 3 (May 2008): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09596518jsce499.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

van den Bosch, P. P. J., and A. E. van den Groef. "Variable Structure Control and Binary Control, a Comparison." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 25, no. 29 (October 1992): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)50566-2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Variable structure control"

1

Ginsberg, David W. "Variable structure control systems." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18787.

Full text
Abstract:
The primary aims of this thesis, is to provide a body of knowledge on variable structure system theory and to apply the developed design concepts to control practical systems. It introduces the concept of a structure. The main aim in designing variable structure controllers, is to synthesize a variable structure system from two or more single structure systems, in such a way that the ensuing system out-performs its component structures. When a sliding mode is defined, the ensuing closed loop behaviour of the system is invariant to plant parameter changes and external disturbances. A variable structure controller was designed for a servo motor and successfully applied to the system. In practice, the phase plane representative point does not slide at infinite frequency with infinitesimal amplitude along the switching surface(s). Thus, the concept of a quasi-sliding regime was introduced. For high performance system specifications, the phase plane representative point could cycle about the origin. In some instances, sliding could be lost. For high speed applications, a novel design modification ensured that the system did not lose sliding. In addition, the controller could track a rapidly changing set point. Successful results support the developed theory.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Reay, Donald S. "Variable structure control of industrial robots." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.257514.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Woodham, Catherine Anne. "Eigenvalue placement for variable structure control systems." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1992. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14793/.

Full text
Abstract:
Variable Structure Control is a well-known solution to the problem of deterministic control of uncertain systems, since it is invariant to a class of parameter variations. A central feature of vsc is that of sliding motion, which occurs when the system state repeatedly crosses certain subspaces in the state space. These subspaces are known as sliding hyperplanes, and it is the design of these hyperplanes which is considered in this thesis. A popular method of hyperplane design is to specify eigenvalues in the left-hand half-plane for the reduced order equivalent system, and to design the control matrix to yield these eigenvalues. A more general design approach is to specify some region in the left-hand half-plane within which these eigenvalues must lie. Four regions are considered in this thesis, namely a disc, an infinite vertical strip, a sector and a region bounded by two intersecting sectors. The methods for placing the closed-loop eigenvalues within these regions all require the solution of a matrix Riccati equation : discrete or continuous, real or complex. The choice of the positive definite symmetric matrices in these Riccati equations affects the positioning of the eigenvalues within the region. suitable selection of these matrices will therefore lead to real or complex eigenvalues, as required, and will influence their position within the chosen region. The solution of the hyperplane design problem by a more general choice of the closed-loop eigenvalues lends itself to the minimization of the linear part of the control. A suitable choice of the position of the eigenvalues within the required region enables either the 2-norm of the linear part of the control, or the condition number of the linear feedback to be minimized. The choice of the range space eigenvalues may also be used, more effectively, in this minimization.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Yallapragada, Subbarao. "Variable structure control and output feedback systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13303.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Mostafa, Osama A. "Variable structure control system maneuvering of spacecraft /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487267546980772.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Kypuros, Javier Angel. "Variable structure model synthesis for switched systems /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008373.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Han, X. "Variable structure control of robot manipulators with computational efficiency." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603641.

Full text
Abstract:
Variable structure control is a kind of nonlinear control with discontinuous input. The control input switches from one value to another according to the system states. Its usefulness of robotic control is the existence of the switching surface, since once the system states are sliding on the switching surface, the control is insensitive to the parameter uncertainty and external disturbances. The application of variable structure control for robot manipulators has experienced several stages. Most efforts have been to make this control method practically more applicable to robotics control problems. In this thesis, variable structure control is studied again, but from another angle. The computational efficiency when this control method is applied to robots in real-time is considered. A Newton Euler formation of a model based variable structure controller is developed in this thesis. The control is based on the model based computed torque control and a variable structure control component is added into it to cope with parametric uncertainty. The control can be written in the form of the addition of two Newton Euler formulations of robot dynamic equations. In the form of the Newton Euler formulation the control is more computationally efficient and the structure of the control as the addition of two Newton Euler formulations makes it possible to compute the control in parallel. The control formula is further extended to Cartesian space in the hope that it can be used in conjunction with external Cartesian space sensors. The control is studied firstly by simulations which provide the initial indication of its usefulness, then further demonstrated on the first three joints of an electrical driven PUMA 560 arm. In the real time implementation of this control, the control performance is compared with purely model based computed torque control under several conditions. Both simulation and real time implementation results are presented. In the real time implementation, further computational reduction of the control is achieved by considering the characteristics of the control and the Newton Euler formulation of the robot dynamic equation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Su, Wu-Chung. "Implementation of variable structure control for sampled-data systems /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148785431487298.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

MANCINI, MAURO. "Adaptive Variable Structure Control System for Attitude Spacecraft Applications." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11583/2976603.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Silson, P. M. "Theory and application of single input variable structure control system." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379595.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Variable structure control"

1

I, Zinober A. S., ed. Variable structure and Lyapunov control. London: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Zinober, Alan S. I., ed. Variable Structure and Lyapunov Control. London: Springer-Verlag, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0033675.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

1936-, Krasnoshchekov Anatolij D., ed. Control of variable structure networks. New York: Optimization Software, Publications Division, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Yan, Xing-Gang, Sarah K. Spurgeon, and Christopher Edwards. Variable Structure Control of Complex Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48962-9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Emelʹi͡anov, Stanislav Vasilʹevich. Variable-structure control systems: Discrete and digital. Moscow: Mir Publishers, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Steinberger, Martin, Martin Horn, and Leonid Fridman, eds. Variable-Structure Systems and Sliding-Mode Control. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36621-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Asif, Sabanovic, Fridman Leonid, Spurgeon Sarah K, and Institution of Electrical Engineers, eds. Variable structure systems: From principles to implementation. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

1952-, Garofalo Franco, and Glielmo Luigi 1960-, eds. Robust control via variable structure and Lyapunov techniques. London: Springer, 1996.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Garofalo, Franco, and Luigi Glielmo, eds. Robust Control via Variable Structure and Lyapunov Techniques. London: Springer-Verlag, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0027557.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Young, K. D., and Ü. Özgüner, eds. Variable structure systems, sliding mode and nonlinear control. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0109967.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Variable structure control"

1

Kwatny, Harry G., and Gilmer L. Blankenship. "Variable Structure Control." In Nonlinear Control and Analytical Mechanics, 267–305. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2136-4_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Sengupta, Jati K., and Phillip Fanchon. "Variable Structure Systems." In Control Theory Methods in Economics, 181–210. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6285-6_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Liu, G. P. "Variable Structure Neural Control." In Nonlinear Identification and Control, 163–78. London: Springer London, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0345-5_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Witczak, Piotr, and Marcin Witczak. "Towards Robust Fault-Tolerant Model Predictive Control with Constraints for Takagi–Sugeno Systems." In Variable-Structure Approaches, 309–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31539-3_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Schimmack, Manuel, and Paolo Mercorelli. "A Sliding Mode Control with a Bang–Bang Observer for Detection of Particle Pollution." In Variable-Structure Approaches, 125–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31539-3_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Sun, Hao, and Harald Aschemann. "Sliding Mode Control for a Hydrostatic Transmission in Combination with a Sliding Mode Observer." In Variable-Structure Approaches, 155–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31539-3_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Tonne, Jens, and Olaf Stursberg. "Constrained Model Predictive Control of Processes with Uncertain Structure Modeled by Jump Markov Linear Systems." In Variable-Structure Approaches, 335–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31539-3_12.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Senkel, Luise, Andreas Rauh, and Harald Aschemann. "Experimental and Numerical Validation of a Reliable Sliding Mode Control Strategy Considering Uncertainty with Interval Arithmetic." In Variable-Structure Approaches, 87–122. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31539-3_4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Butt, Saif Siddique, Hao Sun, and Harald Aschemann. "Comparison of Backstepping-Based Sliding Mode and Adaptive Backstepping for a Robust Control of a Twin Rotor Helicopter." In Variable-Structure Approaches, 3–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31539-3_1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Rauh, Andreas, and Luise Senkel. "Interval Methods for Robust Sliding Mode Control Synthesis of High-Temperature Fuel Cells with State and Input Constraints." In Variable-Structure Approaches, 53–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31539-3_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Variable structure control"

1

Machado, J. A. Tenreiro. "Fractional Variable Structure Control." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47639.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper studies fractional order variable structure control algorithms. For that purpose the fractional order of the sliding mode is varied and its effect upon the system performance is evaluated. The test bed is constituted by a simple mechanical manipulator. Both the system response and the control effort are analysed. The results show that the fractional order provides an extra method for adjusting the closed loop system response.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Tang, Yimeng, and Ron J. Patton. "Phase modulation of robust variable structure control for nonlinear aircraft." In 2012 UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2012.6334625.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

El-Khazali, Reyad, and Raymond DeCarlo. "Variable Structure Output Feedback Control." In 1992 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.1992.4792204.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Junhong, Li, and Tan Caibiao. "Variable structure neural network control." In 2011 International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cecnet.2011.5768793.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Sugiki, Akihiko, Katsuhisa Furuta, Akira Ohata, and Hiroaki Nita. "Nonlinear variable structure adaptive control." In 2014 American Control Conference - ACC 2014. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2014.6858623.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Young, K. David, and Umit Osguner. "Frequency Shaped Variable Structure Control." In 1990 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.1990.4790725.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Hu, Jwu-Sheng. "Variable Structure Digital Repetitive Controller." In 1992 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.1992.4792630.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Orihuela, L., S. K. Spurgeon, X. G. Yan, and F. R. Rubio. "A variable structure observer for unknown input estimation in sampled systems." In 2012 UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2012.6334698.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Li, Guang-xing, Jun Zhou, and Feng-qi Zhou. "Variable Structure Control for Flexible Spacecraft." In 2006 Chinese Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2006.280813.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Cuihong, Wang, Hao Guang, and Huang Tianmin. "Variable Structure Control for Interval Systems." In 2007 Chinese Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2006.4347353.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Variable structure control"

1

Monguillet, Jean-Marc, and Alexander H. Levis. Modeling and Evaluation of Variable Structure Command and Control Organizations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198813.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Nenggen, Ding, and Bo Ying. PD Variable Structure Control of Electric Power Steering System of Cars. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0183.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Demael, Jacques J., and Alexander H. Levis. On the Generation of a Variable Structure Airport Surface Traffic Control System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada211306.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Sadek, Fahim, and Bijan Mohraz. Semi-active control algorithms for structures with variable dampers. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6052.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Brayton, Kelly A., Varda Shkap, Guy H. Palmer, Wendy C. Brown, and Thea Molad. Control of Bovine Anaplasmosis: Protective Capacity of the MSP2 Allelic Repertoire. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699838.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Anaplasmosis is an arthropod-borne disease of cattle caused by the rickettsia Anaplasmamarginale and is an impediment to efficient production of healthy livestock in both Israel and the United States. Currently, the only effective vaccines are derived from the blood of infected cattle. The risk of widespread transmission of both known and newly emergent pathogens has prevented licensure of live blood-based vaccines in the U.S. and is a major concern for their continued use in Israel. Consequently, development of a safe, effective vaccine is a high priority. Despite its drawbacks as a live, blood-based vaccine, the Israel vaccine strain protects against disease upon challenge with wild-type A. marginale in extensive experimental trials and during 50 years of deployment in Israel. Field studies in Australia and Argentina indicate that this protection is broadly effective. Thus, to identify antigens for development of a safe and effective recombinant vaccine, we have used a comparative genomics approach by sequencing the Israel vaccine strain and searching for shared surface antigens with sequenced wild-type U.S. strains. We have focused on Msp2, the immune-dominant but antigenically variable surface protein, based on shared structure among strains and demonstration that antibody from cattle immunized with the Israel vaccine strain binds Msp2 from the genetically and geographically distinct U.S. St. Maries strain, consistent with the ability to protect against St. Maries challenge. Importantly, we have defined the full repertoire of Msp2 simple variants encoded by the vaccine strain and hypothesize that a recombinant vaccine encoding this full repertoire will induce protection equivalent to that induced by the live vaccine strain. Any escape from immunity by generation of complex Msp2 variants is predicted to carry a severe fitness cost that prevents high-level bacteremia and disease— consistent with the type of protection induced by the live vaccine strain. We tested the hypothesis that the Msp2 simple variant repertoires in wild-type A. marginale strains are recognized by antibody from cattle immunized with the Israel vaccine strain and that immunization with the vaccine strain Msp2 repertoire can recapitulate the protection provided by the vaccine strain upon challenge with Israel and U.S. strains of A. marginale. Our findings demonstrate that a set of conserved outer membrane proteins are recognized by immune serum from A. centrale vaccinated animals but that this set of proteins does not include Msp2. These findings suggest that “subdominant” immunogens are required for vaccine induced protection.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Stouli, Sami, and Whitney K. Newey. Control variables, discrete instruments, and identification of structural functions. The IFS, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2018.5518.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Palmer, Guy, Varda Shkap, Wendy Brown, and Thea Molad. Control of bovine anaplasmosis: cytokine enhancement of vaccine efficacy. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695879.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Anaplasmosis an arthropod-born disease of cattle caused by the rickettsia Anaplasma marginale and is an impediment to efficient production of healthy livestock in both Israel and the United States. Currently the only effective vaccines are derived from the blood of infected cattle. The risk of widespread transmission of both known and newly emergent pathogens has prevented licensure of live blood-based vaccines in the U.S. and is a major concern for their continued use in Israel. Consequently development of a safe, effective vaccine is a high priority. In this collaborative project we focused on two approaches to vaccine development. The first focused o n improving antigen delivery to livestock and specifically examined how DNA vaccines could be improved to enhance priming and expansion of the immune response. This research resulted in development and testing of two novel vaccine delivery systems--one that targeted antigen spread among dendritic cells (the key cell in priming immune responses and a follow-on construct that also specifically targeted antigen to the endosomal-lysosomal compartment the processing organelle within the dendritic cell that directs vaccine antigen to the MHC class ll-CD4* T cell priming pathway). The optimized construct targeting vaccine antigen to the dendritic cell MHC class II pathway was tested for ability to prime A. marginale specific immune responses in outbred cattle. The results demonstrated both statistically significant effects of priming with a single immunization, continued expansion of the primary immune response including development of high affinity lgG antibodies and rapid recall of the memory response following antigen challenge. This portion of the study represented a significant advance in vaccine delivery for livestock. Importantly the impact of these studies is not limited to A. marginale a s the targeting motifs are optimized for cattle and can be adapted to other cattle vaccinations by inserting a relevant pathogen-specific antigen. The second approach (which represented an addition to the project for which approval was requested as part of the first annual report) was a comparative approach between A . marginale and the Israel A . centrale vaccines train. This addition was requested as studies on Major Surface Protein( MSP)- 2 have shown that this antigen is highly antigenically variable and presented solely as a "static vaccine" antigen does not give cross-strain immunity. In contrast A. . centrale is an effective vaccine which Kimron Veterinary institute has used in the field in Israel for over 50 years. Taking advantage of this expertise, a broad comparison of wild type A. marginale and vaccine strain was initiated. These studies revealed three primary findings: i) use of the vaccine is associated with superinfection, but absence of clinical disease upon superinfection with A. marginale; ii) the A. centrale vaccine strain is not only less virulent but transmission in competent in Dermacentor spp. ticks; and iii) some but not all MSPs are conserved in basic orthologous structure but there are significant polymorphisms among the strains. These studies clearly indicated that there are statistically significant differences in biology (virulence and transmission) and provide a clear path for mapping of biology with the genomes. Based on these findings, we initiated complete genome sequencing of the Israel vaccine strain (although not currently funded by BARD) and plant to proceed with a comparative genomics approach using already sequenced wild-type A. marginale. These findings and ongoing collaborative research tie together filed vaccine experience with new genomic data, providing a new approach to vaccine development against a complex pathogen.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Oliynyk, Kateryna, and Matteo Ciantia. Application of a finite deformation multiplicative plasticity model with non-local hardening to the simulation of CPTu tests in a structured soil. University of Dundee, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001230.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper an isotropic hardening elastoplastic constitutive model for structured soils is applied to the simulation of a standard CPTu test in a saturated soft structured clay. To allow for the extreme deformations experienced by the soil during the penetration process, the model is formulated in a fully geometric non-linear setting, based on: i) the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into an elastic and a plastic part; and, ii) on the existence of a free energy function to define the elastic behaviour of the soil. The model is equipped with two bonding-related internal variables which provide a macroscopic description of the effects of clay structure. Suitable hardening laws are employed to describe the structure degradation associated to plastic deformations. The strain-softening associated to bond degradation usually leads to strain localization and consequent formation of shear bands, whose thickness is dependent on the characteristics of the microstructure (e.g, the average grain size). Standard local constitutive models are incapable of correctly capturing this phenomenon due to the lack of an internal length scale. To overcome this limitation, the model is framed using a non-local approach by adopting volume averaged values for the internal state variables. The size of the neighbourhood over which the averaging is performed (characteristic length) is a material constant related to the microstructure which controls the shear band thickness. This extension of the model has proven effective in regularizing the pathological mesh dependence of classical finite element solutions in the post-localization regime. The results of numerical simulations, conducted for different soil permeabilities and bond strengths, show that the model captures the development of plastic deformations induced by the advancement of the cone tip; the destructuration of the clay associated with such plastic deformations; the space and time evolution of pore water pressure as the cone tip advances. The possibility of modelling the CPTu tests in a rational and computationally efficient way opens a promising new perspective for their interpretation in geotechnical site investigations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

McElwain, Terry, Eugene Pipano, Guy Palmer, Varda Shkap, Stephen Hines, and Douglas Jasmer. Protection of Cattle Against Babesiosis: Immunization with Recombinant DNA Derived Apical Complex Antigens of Babesia bovis. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612835.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Bovine babesiosis caused by Babesia bovis continues to be a significant deterrent to global livestock production. Current control methods have both biological and technical drawbacks that have stimulated research on improved methods of vaccination. This BARD project has focused on characterization of candidate Babesia bovis vaccine antigens located in the apical complex, a unique group of subcellular organelles - including rhoptries, micronemes, and spherical bodies - involved in the invation of erythrocytes. Spherical bodies and rhoptries were partially purified and their contents characterized using monoclonal antibodies. Existing and newly developed monoclonal antibodies bound to antigens in the spherical body, rhoptry, merozoite membrane, and infected erythrocyte membrane. In an initial immunization study using biologically cloned strains, it was demonstrated that strain-common epitopes are important for inducing immune protection against heterologous challenge. Rhoptry-associated antigen 1 (RAP-1) had been demonstrated previously to induce partial immune protection, fulfilled criteria of broad interstrain B and T cell epitope conservation, and thus was further characterized. The RAP-1 gene family consists of at least two gene copies, is homologous to the RAP-1 gene family in B. bigemina, and contains significant sequence similarity to other erythroparasitic protozoan candidate vaccine antigens, including the apical membrane antigen of Plasmodium falciparum. A new RAP-1 monoclonal antibody was developed that inhibits merozoite growth in vitro, demonstrating the presence of a RAP-1 neutralization sensitive domain. Based on these observations, cattle were immunized with Mo7 (Mexico) strain recombinant RAP-1 representing one of the two gene copies. All cattle responded with variable levels of serum antibodies inhibitory to heterologous Israel strain merozoite growth in vitro, and RAP-1 specific T lymphocytes that proliferated when stimulated with either homologous or heterologous native parasite antigen. Minimal protection from clinical disease was present after virulent Israel (heterologous) strain B. bovis challenge. In total, the results support the continued development of RAP-1 as a vaccine antigen, but indicate that additional information about the native structure and function of both RAP-1 gene copies, including the relationship of conserved and polymorphic sequences to B and T cell lepitopes relevant for protection, is necessary for optimization of RAP-1 as a vaccine component.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Stakes, Keith, Keith Stakes, Julie Bryant, Nick Dow, Jack Regan, and Craig Weinschenk. Analysis of the Coordination of Suppression and Ventilation in Multi-Family Dwellings. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/ympj4047.

Full text
Abstract:
The majority of the existing full-scale fire service research studied the impact of tactics on the residential fireground, specifically in single-family structures. This study builds upon prior research by conducting thirteen experiments in three-story, multi-family dwellings to quantify the impact of coordination between ventilation and suppression actions. Experiments were conducted in four, garden-style apartment buildings; each of which had two lower-level units, four first-floor units, and four second-floor units. The apartments shared a common stairwell that was enclosed for all of the experiments in this study. To examine the effectiveness of tactics in the fire apartment, common stairwell and applicable exposure apartments, four experiments were conducted in lower-level apartments, seven were conducted in first-floor apartments, and two were conducted in second-floor apartments including both bedroom and kitchen/living room fires. The fire size varied based on the amount of initial ventilation provided. The main control variables included the location of initial water application, the ventilation method, and the timing of ventilation relative to water application. The suppression tactics included interior water application, exterior water application followed by interior water application, and a combined interior and exterior water application. The ventilation tactics examined in these experiments included horizontal, vertical, positive pressure, and hydraulic ventilation. Similar to previous experiments in acquired single-family structures, there was no meaningful increase in temperature outside of fire rooms when ventilation tactics were executed in close coordination with (shortly after or shortly before) the onset of suppression. In contrast, for experiments where ventilation occurred with delayed suppression, temperature exposures increased throughout the fire apartment, and in experiments where the apartment door was left open, temperatures and carbon monoxide exposures increased throughout the common stairwell. Suppression actions, whether interior or exterior, resulted in a decrease in temperatures and gas concentrations at locations where occupants may potentially be located. The enclosed common stairwell, a unique feature of this experimental series, acted as capture of combustion products. Opening the apartment door to gain access should be thought of as an important ventilation action, both in terms of its potential to cause fire growth and its potential for smoke movement into the stairwell, limiting the egress for potentially trapped occupants in exposure units. Tactics such as door control, positive pressure ventilation, and hydraulic ventilation which were used both simultaneous with and sequentially post-suppression were shown to limit gas flows into the stairwell. After effective suppression, structure ventilation operations should similarly be cognizant of gas flows, with the aim of establishing flow throughout all areas where occupants may be located.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Variable structure control' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography