Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Van Oppen'
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Bailey, Fiona Jane, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The origins of inflated responsibility in obsessive compulsive disorder." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050902.121410.
Full textKim, Jungsun. "Voice and genre in Beethoven's Deux grandes sonates pour le clavecin ou piano-forte avec un violoncelle obligé, op. 5." connect to online resource, 2004. http://www.unt.edu/theses/open/20041/kim%5Fjungsun/index.htm.
Full textEconomides, George. "Investigations of open-shell open-shell Van der Waals complexes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e27330e0-2eaa-4181-af30-70e8b7a3a692.
Full textStarkey, Tony George. "Investigations of open-shell open-shell interactions : NO-O₂ and NO₂-O₂ complexes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b7c08d7b-0e56-46a7-afa5-70f87b43b017.
Full textLee, Hee Seung. "The "Beethoven Folksong Project" in the Reception of Beethoven and His Music." Thesis, connect to online resource, 2006. http://www.unt.edu/etd/all/Dec2006/Open/lee_hee_seung/index.htm.
Full textDennis, Christopher Roger. "High resolution spectroscopy of open shell clusters." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:43ac8ad5-724a-4a23-a03f-3eb78e6f4e72.
Full textChakravarty, Charusita. "Open shell van der Waals complexes : spectra and dynamics of Ar-OH." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358606.
Full textTompkins, Robert. "Beethoven's Opus 18 String Quartets: Selected First Movements in Consideration of the Formal Theories of Heinrich Koch as Expressed in Versuch Einer Anleitung Zur Composition." Thesis, connect to online resource, 2006. http://www.unt.edu/etd/all/Dec2006/Open/tompkins_robert_teynac/index.htm.
Full textBothma, Franciska. "Die verband tussen die aanwending van selfgereguleerde leervaardighede en die akademiese prestasie van die afstandsleerder op tersiêre vlak / Franciska Bothma." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10405.
Full textThesis (M.Ed.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2001
Chauvel, Thierry. "Essays on Open Economy Macroeconomics." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0119.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to evaluate macroeconomic interdependence between developed economies over the recent decades and, in particular, following the 2007-09 US financial crisis. For that purpose, we use several modeling assumptions across the three main chapters of the thesis to capture the international dimension of business cycles across countries: panel VAR model to model countries interdependence directly, simple VAR model with both domestic and foreign variables, and two-country DSGE model to model the real and financial mechanisms that link countries together. Our main result is that international dimension is important to explain the macroeconomic dynamics of developed economies over the last three decades and for either real, nominal and financial variables. Nevertheless, the role of foreign factors does not grow over time as would be expected with the increase in globalization of the recent decades. Also, looking at the recent economic crises in the US and the euro area, we confirm that the 2007-09 US financial crisis features a bigger shock relative to historical standards, which propagated to euro area economies through international financial linkages. In contrast, the 2011 euro area sovereign debt crisis features a standard shock, comparable to those observed in previous European crises like the 1992-1993 ERM crisis, and affecting mostly European economies
Van, Kerwel Fiona Carmen. "Persepsies van geselekteerde Universiteit Stellenbosch voorgraadse studente binne Lettere en Sosiale Wetenskappe aangaande die Woorde Open Werelde-projek." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96812.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRLiterature shows that exposure to community development projects is a way for people to realize, enhance and improve their own value. The Words open Worlds (WOW) project, part of Stellenbosch University’s community interaction projects, tries to uplift the lives of people through recruitment actions, retention programs, as well as well-structured partnerships with suitable role players. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions regarding the WOW project of undergraduate Stellenbosch University’s students within the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences who come from schools that are actively involved with the WOW project. An interpretative research paradigm and a case study were utilized in order to collect qualitative data from focus groups. The data, which was analyzed through the process of content analysis, demonstrated that the support to prospective WOW students as well as the mentoring and retention programs for current WOW students, made life easier for the participants. Improvements mentioned, included more frequent meetings with current WOW students and the cultivation of a greater awareness of the possibilities which the WOW project offers to students. This can be achieved by improved collaboration with education departments, synergies with similar school outreach projects, extended mentorship programs and more social gatherings organized for WOW students. From the results of the data analysis it became apparent that the perceptions regarding the WOW project of the target focus groups were positive. Due to the restricted participation, however, the results cannot be generalized.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verskeie bronne wys daarop dat die blootstelling aan gemeenskapsontwikkelingsprojekte ’n manier is om mense hul eiewaarde te laat besef en uitbou. Die Woorde Open Wêrelde (WOW)-projek, ʼn Universiteit Stellenbosch gemeenskapsinteraksieprojek, streef daarna om met projek-aksies soos werwingsuitreike en retensieprogramme, asook deur gestruktureerde vennootskappe met geskikte rolspelers, ʼn positiewe verskil in mense se lewens te maak. Die doel van dié studie is om die persepsies aangaande die Woorde Open Wêrelde-projek te bepaal van voorgraadse studente aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch wat afkomstig is van skole waar die WOW-projek werksaam is, en wat tans binne die Fakulteit Lettere en Sosiale Wetenskappe studeer. ʼn Interpretatiewe navorsingsparadigma en ʼn gevallestudie as navorsingsontwerp is gebruik om kwalitatiewe data met fokusgroepe te versamel. Die data, wat verwerk is deur die proses van inhoudsanalise, het getoon dat die deelnemers se lewens aansienlik vergemaklik is deur die ondersteuning wat verleen is aan die voornemende WOW-studente, asook deur die mentorskaps- en retensieprogramme vir huidige WOW-studente. Meer gereelde ontmoetings met studente en ’n groter bewusmaking van die moontlikhede wat die WOW-projek vir studente bied, was voorstelle vir verbetering van die WOW-projek. Dit kan teweeg gebring word deur groter samewerking met onderwysdepartemente, sinergieë met soortgelyke skoolprojekte, uitbreiding van die mentorskapprogram en deur meer sosiale ontmoetingsgeleenthede. Uit die resultate wat die analise van die data opgelewer het, het duidelik geblyk dat die persepsies van die betrokke teikengroep wat aan fokusgroepe deelgeneem het positief is jeens die WOW-projek. Weens die beperkte steekproef kan hierdie resultate egter nie noodwendig veralgemeen word nie.
Nguyen, Van Phuong [Verfasser], Maik Hendrik [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolters, and Hans-Werner [Gutachter] Wohltmann. "Essays on Small Open Economy New Keynesian DSGE Models / Phuong Nguyen Van ; Gutachter: Hans-Werner Wohltmann ; Betreuer: Maik Hendrik Wolters." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218533897/34.
Full textNguyen, Van Phuong Verfasser], Maik H. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wolters, and Hans-Werner [Gutachter] Wohltmann. "Essays on Small Open Economy New Keynesian DSGE Models / Phuong Nguyen Van ; Gutachter: Hans-Werner Wohltmann ; Betreuer: Maik Hendrik Wolters." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-mods-2020-00302-5.
Full textBroek, Karina van den [Verfasser], and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Epple. "Development of an open biomolecular mesoscopic simulation environment for the study of cyclotide/membrane interactions / Karina van den Broek ; Betreuer: Matthias Epple." Duisburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1241963215/34.
Full textGustafsson, Amie, and Oscar Lannesand. "Hur påverkar kundens första val i butiken kundkorgens sammansättning?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78806.
Full textUnderstanding a consumer and what drives it has been a goal many researchers strive to answer. The complexity of the human processes and the consumer's ever-evolving norms and habits are also something that makes the process difficult to understand buying patterns and behaviors. If you could understand the consumer better, both companies and customers would have been able to get to know themselves and their purchasing behavior better. Usually, even the consumer does not know why his consumption looks the way it does, and if he could have a little greater understanding of his own consumption, we should be able to see a more responsible consumer and a more predictable demand. Consumers are daily influenced by advertising to consume more, which then controls the various factors that cause them to consume in different ways. Something that has a big impact is the customer's first choice in a store, which can lead to either being consistent in their purchases or consuming more than they actually intended from the beginning. The purpose of the study is to create an understanding of the difference in the buying behavior of consumers who choose either an unhealthy or healthy item as their first choice. The study has used a quantitative research strategy with 150 respondents in a real-world environment to reflect consumer behavior as credibly as possible. The study shows that consumers are affected depending on what their first choice is in a store. The sample group tends to continue to buy unhealthy goods in case their first choice has been somewhat unhealthy, they remain consistent in their buying behavior. Consumers who instead choose something healthy as their first choice continue to be consistent and shop a greater proportion of healthy products their remaining time in the store. The study also shows that people who make the decision to shop earlier during their purchase trip in the store, then buy more products in total. The study's empirical results show once again that consumers can be manipulated into consuming differently, that choices win over attitudes, and that an increased understanding of the human being and its consumer behavior would probably contribute to a more responsible consumption.
Mach, Václav. "Implemetace detektorů hlasové aktivity s využitím open-source knihoven v jazyce C." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219352.
Full textMdakane, Marry. "Student satisfaction in open distance learning in a BEd Hons programme / Mdakane M." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7312.
Full textThesis (Ph.D. (Education))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
Skeppar, Jonas. "Vad händer om jag stämmer om gitarren? : En studie i att skriva låtar i olika stämningar på gitarren." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74101.
Full textHwang, Chung-Hoon. "Influences of exogenous shocks on three Asian small open economies : evidence using a structural VAR with block exogeneity /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025625.
Full textLorenz, Annika [Verfasser], Knut [Akademischer Betreuer] Blind, and de Vrande Vareska [Akademischer Betreuer] van. "Unraveling the paradox of external knowledge sourcing in an era of open innovation, appropriation, and organizational learning / Annika Lorenz. Gutachter: Vareska van de Vrande. Betreuer: Knut Blind." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1066546878/34.
Full textLorenz, Annika Verfasser], Knut [Akademischer Betreuer] Blind, and Vareska van de [Akademischer Betreuer] [Vrande. "Unraveling the paradox of external knowledge sourcing in an era of open innovation, appropriation, and organizational learning / Annika Lorenz. Gutachter: Vareska van de Vrande. Betreuer: Knut Blind." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1066546878/34.
Full textLorenz, Annika [Verfasser], Knut [Akademischer Betreuer] Blind, and Vareska van de [Akademischer Betreuer] Vrande. "Unraveling the paradox of external knowledge sourcing in an era of open innovation, appropriation, and organizational learning / Annika Lorenz. Gutachter: Vareska van de Vrande. Betreuer: Knut Blind." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:83-opus4-53740.
Full textKruger, Corné Gerda. "'n Evaluering van die Noordwes-Universiteit GOS-opleidingsprogram vir graad R-onderwysers / Cornè Gerda Kruger." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6395.
Full textThesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
Garboggini, Flávia Brito. "O potencial dos espaços abertos na qualificação urbana = uma experiência piloto na Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258579.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T07:43:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garboggini_FlaviaBrito_D.pdf: 279680868 bytes, checksum: d2838e6b670730f95c3a87fbf53ad92f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Esta pesquisa lança um olhar sobre os espaços abertos de uso coletivo como articuladores da forma, uso e apropriação da cidade contemporânea, dando continuidade à linha de investigação iniciada na dissertação de mestrado, na qual o conceito da Arquitetura da Fronteira envolveu o redesenho dos espaços que fazem a mediação entre os territórios de domínio público e os de domínio privado. A hipótese da pesquisa é a existência de um potencial inerente aos espaços abertos de uso coletivo para a qualificação socioambiental dos lugares urbanos. O objetivo do trabalho é identificar os potenciais de qualificação socioambiental de partes consolidadas da cidade contemporânea pelo redesenho dos seus espaços abertos, à medida que se desenvolve uma maior sensibilidade na percepção da fronteira público-privada, conjugada à aplicação de estratégias processuais de projeto participativo. A pesquisa teve caráter exploratório e valeu-se de uma pesquisa-ação que se iniciou com um estudo de caso de natureza instrumental. O campo experimental selecionado foi a área central de um espaço universitário - a Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, campus da Universidade Estadual de Campinas - por ter as características de um fragmento urbano que incorpora uma gama de interesses e conflitos ricos para investigação e estudo do tema proposto. A partir da investigação da área da Praça do Ciclo Básico, espaço aberto de grande representatividade para o campus e ponto referencial do seu traçado urbanístico, foi realizada uma experiência piloto, que teve início no projeto para requalificação desta praça. As diretrizes estabelecidas para aquele projeto se expandiram e foram aplicadas em outros projetos nos campi da Unicamp. A fundamentação teórico-conceitual do trabalho baseou-se no estado da arte das teorias e conceitos do Desenho Urbano e, para a análise ambiental, nos conceitos do Modelo Ecológico do Ambiente Urbano. Na experiência projetual piloto, a abordagem dos espaços abertos como protagonistas do espaço do campus representou uma inversão na cultura da universidade brasileira e da cidade contemporânea, que prioriza as edificações implantadas como objetos autônomos do seu contexto local, relegando o tratamento dos espaços abertos de uso coletivo a planos secundários e residuais. A valorização dos espaços abertos de uso coletivo foi incorporada de forma inédita como uma das prioridades da universidade para melhoria da qualidade de vida da sua comunidade. A metodologia de pesquisa-ação mostrou-se adequada ao processo de projeto urbano, na medida em que viabilizou a interação com a comunidade envolvida e possibilitou também a aproximação da dimensão de pesquisa teórica com a práxis da produção arquitetônica e urbanística. Os resultados obtidos incentivam a realização de outras análises críticas e diagnósticos que embasem propostas projetuais que criem cenários que qualifiquem os espaços abertos de uso coletivo do meio urbano
Abstract: The present work focuses on open spaces for collective use as articulators of the shape, use and appropriation of the contemporary city. It is the continuity of a research that started in the master thesis, where the concept of the Architecture of the Boundary involved the redesign of the territories that mediate the public and the private realms. The hypothesis of this research is the existence of a potential inherent to the collective use open spaces for the social and environmental qualification of the urban places, in the viewpoint of Urban Design. Its aim is to identify the potentials for socioenvironmental qualification of contemporary city's consolidated parts, through the redesign of its open spaces, to the extent that develops greater sensitivity in the perception of public-private boundary, in conjunction to the application of procedural strategies for participatory design. The research took an exploratory character, developing an action research that began with a case study of instrumental nature. It was selected a university space, as an experimental field: the campus of Universidade Estadual de Campinas, in São Paulo State, Brazil, called Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz. The reason for selecting this objet of study is due to its characteristics of an urban fragment that incorporates a range of interests and conflicts rich for the investigation of the proposed subject. Starting from the analysis of the open spaces of that campus, it was held an experiment for the requalification of its central square - Praça do Ciclo Básico, focal point of the campus' urban fabric and social life. The theoretical and conceptual foundation of the work was structured on the state of the art of the theories of Urban Design and the environmental analysis was based on the concepts of the Ecological Model of the Urban Environment. The valuation of open spaces for collective use was incorporated as one priority of the university to improve the quality of life of its community, through the process of participatory design. The action research methodology proved to be suitable for the urban design process, insofar as it enabled the interaction with the community involved. It also brought together the theoretical research dimension and the praxis of urban and architectural production. The results that were reached encourage other critical analysis that may result in design proposals that generate urban scenarios conceptually consistent and that qualify the open spaces of collective use of the urban environment
Doutorado
Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade
Doutora em Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade
Lilja, Birgitta. "Norrberga Skolmodell- En ny modell av skola : Vad några elever i sjätte klass tycker om sin skola." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-5320.
Full textUggla, Anton. "Med betaltjänstdirektivet PSD2 som katalysator : Hur strategiska val och möjliga roller i värdekedjan påverkar den framtida marknadspositionen." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-70916.
Full textDelic, Erna. "Hur användarmotivation kan informera design av användarupplevelse : En fallstudie om vad som motiverar användare till kartografisk datadelning genom OSM baserade online-samhällen." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15457.
Full textStudenten påbörjade examensarbetet vt 2017 och slutförde arbetet vt 2018.
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Eriksson, Tobias. "Stödet jag behöver : Vad patienter med psykossjukdom i psykiatrisk öppenvård önskar för stöd av sjuksköterskan i sin återhämtning." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-39246.
Full textBakgrund: Det finns tidigare forskning inom området återhämtning och ur ett patientperspektiv. Det är däremot relativt outforskat om fokus riktas mot gruppen psykossjuka och i en kontext av vad de önskar för stöd av just sjuksköterskan inom ramen för den öppna psykiatrin. Syfte: Att beskriva vad patienter med psykossjukdom i den psykiatriska öppenvården önskar för stöd av sjuksköterskan i sin återhämtning. Metod: Studie bygger på fem intervjuade patienter som har kontakt med ett psykiatriskt öppenvårdsteam specialiserat på psykossjukdomar. Studien genomfördes med en induktiv ansats. Insamlade data analyserades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Det framkommer att patienterna uttrycker en önskan om att sjuksköterskan ger stöd inom fyra huvudområden; att ha fokus på det friska, att få stöd med sina problem, att få berätta för någon som vill lyssna och att få tid att lära känna sjuksköterskan är grunden till en trygg och god relation. Slutsatser: Resultatet svarar på studiens syfte, utifrån resultatet i förhållande till tidigare forskning kan också slutsatsen dras att det är skillnad i vilket stöd som efterfrågas mellan gruppen ”svårt psykiskt sjuka”, som bakgrunden i huvudsak utgörs av, mot gruppen av psykossjuka personer.
Carlsson, Josefine, and Hansson Paulina. "Deal or no deal? : En kvantitativ studie om vad som påverkar affären mellan startups och storföretag." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177672.
Full textBackground: Startups contribute in today's society with multiple innovations, which large companies can take part of through open innovation. By collaborating, both companies can enhance innovation and take part of new knowledge. Startups receive help with the commercialization of their business idea and large companies can keep their market position through the use of new technology. Due to the large asymmetry between the organisations, it is of interest to create a broader explanation of what affects the deal between startups and large companies, in order to enable more successful collaboration. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine different factors that affect a successful deal between startups and large companies in high-tech industries from the startup perspective. Methodology: The study used a quantitative research method where the empirical data has been collected by questionnaires. The study is based on a positivist philosophical standpoint with a deductive approach. A hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze how the factors previous experience with large companies, matched by a support function, contract design, trust, personal chemistry, communication, indirect values and direct values affects the deal between large companies and startups. Analysis and conclusion: The result of the study shows that increased revenue, contract design, previous experience of contracting, support functions, cost efficiency and indirect values have a statistically significant correlation with a successful deal. Increased revenue, a detailed contract, previous experience of contracting and matched by a support function increases the probability to perform a successful deal. When focus shifts to cost efficiency and indirect values, the probability of the deal being successful decreases. By taking the factors into account, both startups and large companies can increase the probability that it will be a successful deal.
Coventry, Michelle Anne. "A critical analysis of the VAT implications of over-allowances in the South African motor retail industry." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23047.
Full textDissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Taxation
unrestricted
Sahamishirazi, Samira [Verfasser], and Simone [Akademischer Betreuer] Graeff-Hoenninger. "Evaluation of new open pollinating broccoli genotypes (Brassica oleracea convar. botrytis var. italica) specifically bred for organic farming conditions focusing on agronomic performance and glucosinolate content / Samira Sahamishirazi ; Betreuer: Simone Graeff-Hoenninger." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161799524/34.
Full textBHUIYAN, MOHAMMAD. "Identifying Monetary Policy in Open Economies." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1944.
Full textThesis (Ph.D, Economics) -- Queen's University, 2009-06-15 15:59:13.04
Strydom, Susanna Maria. "Ruimtelike analise van oopruimte voorsiening in Johannesburg." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14913.
Full textThe provision of open space m cities is important in creating a pleasant atmosphere, in dividing incompatible land zones and m providing recreation facilities. Researchers on this topic agree that with rapid population growth and urbanization it is necessary that, in future, city planning should be done to enhance the quality of life of city dwellers ...
Van, Zyl Johanna Maria. "'n Bestuursmodel vir oop afstandsleer aan die NWU / Johanna Maria van Zyl." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10599.
Full textPhD (Education Management), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
Koert, Otto van [Verfasser]. "Open books for contact five-manifolds and applications of contact homology / vorgelegt von Otto van Koert." 2005. http://d-nb.info/976606925/34.
Full textTerblanche, Hille-Petra. "Geselekteerde tegniese skeppinge van die Tsongavrou, met spesifieke verwysing na die Tsongakraal-Opelugmuseum (Afrikaans)." Diss., 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29808.
Full textDissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Anthropology and Archaeology
unrestricted
Kuo, Yi-Hsin, and 郭一信. "A Comparison of Performance of OffshoreFunds and Open-end Stock Funds -VaR method." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29248102858004108547.
Full textVan, der Sluis Rencia. "Investigation and characterisation of the genetic variation in the coding region of the glycine N-acyltransferase gene / Rencia van der Sluis." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15639.
Full textPhD (Biochemistry), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
Yen, Yu-Chun, and 顏伃君. "Juvenile-Mature Correlation for Early Selection of Open-Pollinated Families of China Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) var. konishii)." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83078155360163673404.
Full text國立中興大學
國際農學研究所
100
Two groups of progeny trials China-fir populations are used for study age-age phenotypic correlation in this thesis. Both of them are single tree family from a same clonal seed orchard which composed of 25 clones established in 1972 in the central mountain area of Taiwan. The elder progeny test population, A, is composed of 232 trees from 18 maternal families which grown in wild field; the juvenile population, B, is composed of 15,000 seedlings from all the 25 families, grown in nursery garden, this study use only 1,500 seedlings for analysis. The A population are measured in 2, 6, and 25 years for height, diameter breast height and volume as well as annual height growth between age intervals, 27 years wood density is also involved; for B population, the acquired traits are root diameter, root length, fresh and dry biomass, height and ratio of shoot-root biomass as well as sturdiness quotient and Dickson quality index from 5, 7, 9, 13 months seedlings. Results show that both population in field and greenhouse have very high individual heritability for most of the traits (h2=0.35~0.62 and 0.25~1 respectively), and among all the family appear significant variance. Core finding on the correlation demonstrate that self-correlation within population A has strong trait-trait correlation (r=0.61~0.97, P<.0001) in 25 years, and age-age correlation within A exist higher relationship between shorter age intervals (2 & 6 years: r= 0.5, P<.0001; 6 & 25 years: r=0.4, P<.0001). The age-age correlations between two populations reveal that most of the traits in seedling age 5, 7, 9 months have correlations with height and volume in 25 years group (│r│= 0.4~0.7), which indicate that China-fir juvenile traits can serve as indicators for the early selection in a very early growing period.
Leendertz, Verona. "Guidelines for the professional development of Mathematics teachers in the pedagogical use of ICT in open distance learning / Verona Leendertz." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11569.
Full textPhD (Training and development), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
Ditlhale, Tumelo Warren Gobusamang. "Support for students with disabilities in open distance e-learning." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27272.
Full textPeople who graduated from higher education, whether they attended classes on campus or studied via a distance mode of learning, have not only been educated but are also able to participate in and contribute positively to the political, social and economic forums in their immediate environments and within their country. Progressing through the higher education system successfully is not easy since there are many challenges to overcome. Students With Disabilities (SWD) face even greater challenges in making their way through the system to emerge triumphantly as graduates. Institutions of higher learning, including Open Distance eLearning (ODeL) facilities, must provide support to SWD in order to facilitate their learning experience so that they are better equipped to succeed. Therefore, it is vital to promote access to higher education for people with disabilities and to provide support, such as making assistive technologies and human services available, for SWD within ODeL institutions. This qualitative study was exploratory in nature and used a multiple case study research design in the chosen area to investigate the provision of support for SWD in the ODeL institution. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews and a document analysis, and these two methods of data gathering assisted with triangulation. The research findings revealed differences between the findings that were obtained through the responses received from teacher and staff member participants. The research findings also revealed differences between the findings that were obtained through the responses received from the participants, in general, and those obtained through the document analysis. The findings obtained through responses received from teacher participants showed that support for SWD was more evident at the school level than at the ODeL institution, that is, at the tertiary level of education. The document analysis of the policies of the ODeL institution revealed that the policies were general and did not specifically relate to the needs of SWD. At the same time, the findings in this dissertation of limited scope showed that the use of technology and the availability of assistive devices were more prominent at the school level than at the ODeL institution.
Batho ba ba alogang go tswa mo ditheong tse kgolwane tsa Thuto, ba tswa ba ka bo ba rutilwe le go ithuta ka go tsenela dikamuso (attending lecturers) mo khemphaseng kgotsa ba rutilwe le go ithuta ka thutotlhaeletsano, ga ba rutega fela mme ba kgona gape le go nna le seabe le go abelana ka tshiamo mo diforamong tsa sepolotiki, tsa seloago le tsa seikonomi mo ditikologong tse ba iphitlhelang ba le mo go tsona naga ka bophara. Go tsweletsa dithuto mo setheong sa thuto e kgolwane ka katlego ga go bonolo ka gonne go na le dikgwetlho di le dintsi tse o tshwanelwang ke go di fenya. Baithuti ba ba tshelang-ka-bogole (Students with disabilities -SWD) ba lebagane le dikgwetlho tse dikgolo thata mo setheong sa thuto e kgolwane, go ka ipona kwa bofelelong e le dialogane tse di atlegileng. Ditheo tsa thuto e kgolwane, go akaretsa le tsa tlamelo ya thutotlhaeletsano ka mafarafatlha ntle le maparego (ODeL), di tshwanelwa ke go tshegetsa SWD mo dithutung tsa bone gore batle ba atlege. Ka jalo, go botlhokwa go rotlweetsa phitlhelelo ya thuto e kgolwane go batho ba ba tshelang ka bogole le go ba tshegetsa, jaaka go ka ba direla le go ba neela thekenoloji tsa thuso le ditirelo tsa thuso-ka-batho. Tshegetse fela jaaka e tshwanetse go SWD ba ba mo ODeL. Patlisiso e ya khwaletatifi, e tlhametswe go utulola mme ebile e dirisitse mefuta e le mentsi ya go batlisisa ka ga mokgwa wa go tshegetsa SWD mo ODeL. Tshedimosetso kgotsa dinewane di kokoantswe ka go dirisa seripa sa dipotsolotso le go sekaseka tokamana, mme mekgwa e mebedi e, e thusitse ka go netefatsa diphitlheleo tse di bonweng. Diphitlhelelo tsa patlisiso di bontshitse dipharologano magareng ga diphitlhelelo tse di bonweng go tswa go barutabana kwa sekolong le go tswa go badiri kwa ODeL. Diphitlhelelo tsa patlisiso, di tlhagisitse gape dipharologano magareng ga diphitlhelelo tse di bonweng go tswa go banna-le-seabe, ka kakaretso, le tse di bonweng go tswa mo go sekasekeng tokamana. Diphitlhelelo tse di bonweng go tswa go barutabana, di bontshitse gore tshegetso ya SWD e tlhomame kwa sekolong go na le kwa ODeL, e leng setheo sa thuto e e kgolwane. Tshekatsheko ya tokomana ya dipholisi tsa ODeL, e bontsitse fa dipholisi e le tsa kakaretso fela mme di sa tote ka tlhamalalo ditlhokego tsa SWD. Go ntse go le jalo, diphitlhelelo tsa tlhotlhomisi e e lekanyeditsweng mothamo, di bontshitse fa tiriso ya thekenoloji le go nna teng ga didiriswa-thuso, di tlhomame kwa sekolong go na le kwa ODeL.
Mense wat aan hoëronderwysinstellings gradueer, of hulle klasse op kampus bygewoon het of deur 'n afstandsmetode van leer studeer het, is nie slegs onderrig nie, maar hulle kan ook deelneem aan en positief bydra tot die politieke, sosiale en ekonomiese forums in hul onmiddellike omgewing en in hul land. Dit is nie maklik om suksesvol deur die hoëronderwysstelsel te vorder nie, omdat daar baie struikelblokke is om te oorkom. Studente met gestremdhede (SMG) het selfs meer uitdagings om hul weg deur die stelsel te baan en triomfantlik as graduandi te verrys. Hoëronderriginstellings, insluitende oop e-afstandsleer (ODeL) -fasiliteite, moet ondersteuning aan SMG bied om hul leerervarings te fasiliteer sodat hulle beter toegerus is om sukses te behaal. Dit is daarom noodsaaklik om toegang tot hoër onderwys en ondersteuning aan mense met gestremdhede te bied, soos om hulptegnologieë en menslike dienste aan SMG in ODeL-instellings beskikbaar te stel. Hierdie kwalitatiewe studie was verkennend van aard en het 'n veelvoudige gevallestudie-ontwerp in die gekose veld gebruik om die voorsiening van ondersteuning aan SMG in 'n ODeL-instelling te ondersoek. Data is versamel deur semigestruktureerde onderhoude en 'n dokumentonleding; hierdie twee metodes van dataversameling het met triangulasie gehelp. Navorsingsbevindings het verskille aangedui tussen die data wat verkry is van die onderwyser en die van deelnemende personeellede se reaksies. Navorsingsbevindings het ook verskille aangedui tussen die data wat verkry is van deelnemers se reaksies oor die algemeen en die wat deur dokumentontleding verkry is. Die bevindings wat deur die onderwyserdeelnemers verkry is, het aangedui dat ondersteuning aan SMG duideliker op skoolvlak was as by die ODeL-instelling; dit is op tersiêre vlak van onderwys. Die dokumentontleding van die ODeL-instelling se beleide het aangedui dat die beleide algemeen was nie spesifiek met SWD se behoeftes verband hou nie. Terselfdertyd het die bevindings van hierdie verhandeling van beperkte omvang getoon dat die gebruik van tegnologie en die beskikbaarheid van hulptoestelle meer prominent was op skoolvlak as by die ODeL-instelling.
Curriculum and Instructional Studies
M. Ed. (Open Distance Learning)
Semedo, José Luís Mendes. "Qual o impacto da política monetária numa pequena economia aberta?: o caso de Cabo Verde." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/4162.
Full textMonetary policy is a branch of economic policy is currently very relevant to the conduct of an anti-inflationary policy. The conduct of sound monetary policy has been a major concern in many countries, developed and developing countries, including Cape Verde. This paper aims to analyze the impact of monetary policy in a small open economy, such as Cape Verde. Since, as mentioned above, monetary policy is now essential to the conduct of an anti-inflation policy, it was found that during the study period (1975-2008), price stability has been one of the main objectives of Cape Verdean authorities. This has been seeking an agreement through the Stand-by with the IMF, to restore the balance of national public accounts. So I started by making a brief characterization of the economy of Cape Verde. In this line, was also analyzed the contribution of the reconciliation of the monetary, fiscal and exchange rate for the harmonized growth of the economy. Then carried out a study on the transmission mechanism of monetary policy in order to determine the impact of a change in the rate of GDP and other variables, having been used for such a VAR model.
Dry, Hendrina Jacoba. "The development of critical thinking in the first-year financial accounting curriculum at an open distance and e-learning institution in South Africa." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27377.
Full textVir die een-en-twintigste-eeuse kennisekonomie is intellektuele vaardighede (soos kritiese denke) geïdentifiseer as noodsaaklik vir sukses. Opvoedkundige instellings het 'n verantwoordelikheid om studente met die kennis en vaardighede toe te rus wat nodig is vir toekomstige indiensneming. Die Suid-Afrikaanse Instituut vir Geoktrooieerde Rekenmeesters het kritiese denke geïdentifiseer as 'n vaardigheid wat studente in Finansiële Rekeningkunde, wat geoktrooieerde rekenmeesters wil word, moet ontwikkel. Vir hierdie verhandeling van beperkte omvang, is 'n kwalitatiewe studie gedoen deur 'n konstruktivistiese paradigma toe te pas op 'n gevallestudie-ontwerp om die ontwikkeling van kritiese denke in eerstejaarstudente in Finansiële Rekeningkunde in 'n oop e-afstandsleerkonteks in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek. Om hierdie doel te bereik, is data versamel deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude te voer met twaalf akademici en dokumentontleding te gebruik. Omdat die studie beperk was tot twee eerstejaar finansiële rekeningkunde modules, wat deel vorm van die Suid-Afrikaanse Instituut vir Geoktrooieerde Rekenmeesters se geakkrediteerde program wat by 'n oop e-afstandsleerinstelling aangebied word, kan die bevindinge nie veralgemeen word nie. Alhoewel die studente se persepsies nie in die studie in ag geneem is nie, bied die bevindings waardevolle insig oor die ontwikkeling van kritiese denke in rekeningkundemodules. Die bevindings dui daarop dat, alhoewel akademici glo dat vaardighede in kritiese denke en goeie denkgewoontes in die eerste jaar van Finansiële Rekeningkunde onderrig moet word, word dit tans slegs deur 'n inhoudgebaseerde benadering gedoen, of glad nie. Verder word slegs tegnologieë geïnkorporeer waarmee akademici gemaklik is, hoofsaaklik vir die oordrag van die inhoud. Die aanbevelings vir kurrikulumevaluering en professionele ontwikkeling hou spesifiek verband met hierdie bevindings.
Kha ikonomi ya nḓivho ya ḓanwaha fumbili nthihi, zwikili zwa nḓivho (zwi ngaho vhukoni ha u humbula nga nḓila yo dzudzaneaho) zwo topolwa sa ndaela ya mvelaphanḓa. Zwiimiswa zwa pfunzo zwi na vhudifhinduleli u lugisela matshudeni nga ndivho na zwikili zwine zwa ṱodea mishumoni ya tshifhingani tshidaho. Tshiimiswa tsha Afrika Tshipembe tsha Vhomakone vha Akhaunthini tsho topola vhukoni ha u humbula nga ndila yo dzudzaneaho vhune ha tea u bveledzwa kha matshudeni a Akhaunthini ya Masheleni vhane vha tama u vha vhomakone vha muvhalelano. Ho itwa ngudo dza khwalithathivi dza desithesheni ya tshikoupu tsho pimiwaho, hu tshi khou u fhaṱwa ndivho na kupfesesele nga kha tshenzhemo kha u bveledza ngudo, u wanulusa vhukoni ha u humbula nga ndila yo dzudzaneaho kha nwaha wa u thoma kha matshudeni a Akhaunthuni ya Masheleni kha nyimele ya tshiimiswa tsha u guda u kule na kha lubuvhisia Afrika Tshipembe. U swikelela izwi, data yo kuvhanganyiwa nga kha inthaviwu dzo dzudzanywaho na vhoraakademi vha fumimbili na u shumisa musaukanyo wa linwalo. Sa musi ngudo yo vha yo sedza fhedzi kha mimodulu mivhili ya nwaha wa u thoma ya Akhaunthini ya masheleni ine ya vhumba tshipida tsha mbekanyamushumo ya akhiredithesheni ya Tshiimiswa tsha Afrika Tshipembe tsha Vhomakone vha Akhaunthuni ine ya funzwa kha tshiimiswa tsha u guda u kule na kha Lubuvhisia, mawanwa a nga si angaredzwa. Ngeno kuvhonele kwa matshudeni ku songo dzhielwa ntha kha ngudo, mawanwa o ṋetshedzwa ndivho ya ndeme kha mveledziso ya vhukoni ha u humbula nga ndila yo dzudzaneaho kha mimodulu ya akhaunthini. Mawanwa o dzumbulula uri, naho vhoraakademi vha tshi tenda uri zwikili zwa vhukoni ha u humbula nga ndila yo dzudzaneaho na maitele a kuhumbulele kwavhudi zwi fanela u bveledziswa kha nwaha wa u thoma wa matshudeni vha Akhaunthini ya Masheleni, zwa zwino zwi khou itwa fhedzi nga kha maitele o disendekaho nga zwi re ngomu, kana zwa sa itwe na luthihi. Zwi tshe zwo ralo, ndi thekhinolodzhi fhedzi dzine vhoraakademi vha takalela u dzi shumisa, zwo tanganyiswa, nga maanda ndisedzo ya zwi re ngomu. Themendelo dzo itwa kha u ela kharikhulamu na mveledziso dzi re na vhushaka na mawanwa anea o tiwaho.
Institute for Open and Distance Learning (IODL)
M. Ed. (Open and Distance Learning)
Mètoiolè, Somé Dommèbèiwin Juste. "Essays on oil price fluctuations and macroeconomic activity." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11604.
Full textIn this thesis, I am interested in the effects of fluctuations in oil prices on macroeconomic activity depending on the underlying cause of these fluctuations. The economic models used in this thesis include the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Models and Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Models. Several studies have examined the effects of fluctuations in oil price on the main macroeconomic variables, but very few of theses studies have specifically made the link between the effects of fluctuations in oil prices and the origin of these fluctuations. However, it is widely accepted in more recent studies that oil price increases may have very different effects depending on the underlying cause of that increase. My thesis, structured in three chapters, is focused on the sources of fluctuations in oil price and their impacts on the macroeconomic activity in general, and in particular on the canadian economy. The first chapter of the thesis investigates how oil supply shocks, aggregate demand shocks, and precautionary oil demand shocks affect Canada's economy, within an estimated Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. The estimation is conducted using Bayesian methods, with Canadian quarterly data from 1983Q1 to 2010Q4. The results suggest that the dynamic effects of oil price shocks on Canadian macroeconomic variables vary according to their sources. In particular, a 10% increase in the real price of oil driven by positive foreign aggregate demand shocks has a significant positive effect of about 0.4% on Canada's real GDP upon impact and the effect remains positive over time. In contrast, an increase in the real price of oil driven by negative foreign oil supply shocks or by positive precautionary oil demand shocks causes an insignificant effect on Canada's real GDP upon impact but causes a slightly significant decline afterwards. The intuition is that a positive innovation in aggregate demand tends to increase the demand for Canada's overall exports. Oil supply disruptions in foreign countries or positive precautionary oil demand shocks increase the uncertainty about future oil prices, which leads firms to postpone irreversible investment expenditures, and tends to reduce Canada's real GDP. Furthermore, among the identified oil shocks, foreign aggregate demand shocks have been relatively more important in explaining the variations of most of Canadian macroeconomic variables over the estimation period. The second chapter examines the links between oil demand and supply shocks and labor market adjustments in Canadian manufacturing industries using a panel structural VAR model. The model is estimated with disaggregated annual data at the industry level from 1975 to 2008. The results show that a positive aggregate demand shock increases both labor and the price of labor over a 20-year period. A negative oil supply shock has a relatively small negative effect upon impact but the effect turns positive after the first year. In contrast, a positive precautionary oil demand shock has a negative impact over all horizons. The paper also examines how the responses to different types of oil shocks vary from industry to industry. The results suggest that industries with higher net trade exposure/oil-intensity are more vulnerable to oil price increases driven by oil supply shocks and aggregate demand shocks. The third chapter examines the welfare implications of introducing competitive storage on the global oil market using a three country DSGE model characterized by two oil-importing countries and one oil-exporting country. The welfare gains are measured by consumption compensating variation under two alternative monetary policy rules. The main results indicate that the introduction of oil storage has negative welfare effects for each of the two oil importing countries, while it has positive welfare effects for the oil exporting country, whatever the monetary policy rule. I also found that including the exchange rate depreciation in the monetary policy rules allows to slightly reduce the welfare costs for both oil importing countries. Finally, the magnitude of the welfare effects depends on the steady state level of oil storage and is mainly driven by oil storage shocks.
Botha, Jo-Anne. "Assessing the psychometric properties of the adult learner self-directedness scale." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24848.
Full textAbstract/summary in English, Afrikaans and isiZulu
Die navorsingsprojek het die psigometriese eienskappe van die selfgerigtheidskaal vir die volwasse leerder (ALSDS) ondersoek. Die studie het die konstruk-geldigheid en -betroubaarheid van die skaal geassesseer as 'n maatstaf van selfgerigtheid by volwasse leerders vir diverse groepe van volwasse leerders in die Suid-Afrikaanse ope, afstands- en e-leer-hoëronderwyskonteks (ODeLHE). Die studie het ook geassesseer of die fakulteitstruktuur van die ALSDS gelykstaande was vir volwasse leerders oor geslags-, rasse- en ouderdomsgroepe heen. Verder het die studie geassesseer of die verskeie sosiodemografiese groepe beduidend verskil het op die subskaal-dimensies van die ALSDS en ondersoek of 'n reeks sosiobiografiese faktore selfgerigtheid by volwasse leerders voorspel het. Hierdie doktorale studie het uitgebrei op die student se aanvanklike verkennende meesterstudie oor die ontwikkeling en fakulteitstruktuur van die ALSDS wat 'n gestratifiseerde ewekansige steekproef van ODeLHE-volwasse leerders behels het (N = 1 102). Die sekondêre datastel het 'n ewekansige substeekproef behels van n = 747 van die oorspronklike meestersteekproef-datastel. Verkennende strukturele vergelykingsmodellering, verkennende faktorontleding en bekragtigende faktorontleding het 'n driefaktor-oplossing vir die ALSDS onthul, met 15 items wat op die drie faktore gelaai is. Die resultate verskaf bewyse van die konstruk (konvergerende en diskriminerende) geldigheid en interne konsekwentheid en betroubaarheid van die driefaktor-ALSDS, insluitende die konstruk-ekwivalensie van die skaal se fakulteitstruktuur oor die geslags, rasse- en ouderdomsgroepe heen. Beduidende verskille tussen ouderdoms-, rasse- en geslagsgroepe is waargeneem rakende die skaalsubdimensies. Die studie bevorder teorie oor selfgerigtheid by volwasse leerders in ODeLHE-kontekste en dra bewyse van die geldigheid en betroubaarheid van 'n verkorte weergawe van die ALSDS as 'n nuttige maatstaf van selfgerigtheid by volwasse leerders. Psigometriese tekortkomings wat in toekomstige navorsing hanteer kan word, is ook beklemtoon. Prakties gesproke beklemtoon die studie die assessering van volwasse leerders se sukses-oriëntering in ODeLHE, aktiewe akademiese aktiwiteit en strategiese gebruik van hulpbronne as aspekte om hul selfgerigtheid te bevorder. Ondersteuningspraktyke moet oorweeg word vir veral vroue, swart Afrikaners en jonger leerderkohorte. ODeLHE-praktyke moet ook leerders se punt vir Engels, geslag, toegang tot 'n biblioteek, aantal modules en wie studente finansieel ondersteun, oorweeg as faktore wat leerders se vlak van selfgerigtheid beïnvloed.
Le projekthi yocwaningo, ihlola ama-psychometric properties of the adult learner self-directedness scale (ALSDS). Ucwaningo luhlola i-construct validity nokuthembeka kwe-scale njengendlela yokukala i-adult self-directedness kumaqembu ehlukene abafundi abadala kwisimo semfundo evulekile lapho abantu abafunda bekude esibizwa nge-South African open, distance and e-learning higher education (ODeLHE). Ucwaningo lubuye lwahlola nokuthi ngabe isimo ngamaqiniso e-ALSDS siyalingana yini kubafundi abadala kumaqembu obubili, bezinhlanga ezehlukene ngokwebala kanye nabantu beminyaka ehlukene. Kanti futhi okunye, ucwaningo, luhlola ukuthi ngabe amaqembu emikhakha ehlukene ngokwe-sociodemographic ehlukene kakhulu maqondana nama-dimention e-ALSDS acutshungulwayo ukuthi ngabe ama-range emibandela yama-sociodemographic abonelela noma aqagela inqubo ye-adult leaner self-directedness. Lolu cwaningo lweziqu ze-doctoral study lubheke nocwaningo lokuqala lwabafundi be-masters ngentuthuko yesakhiwo se-factoral structure ye-ALSDS ebandakanye amasampuli akhethwe nje ngaphandle kokukhetha noma ukubeka imibandela ethize, okwaziwa nge-stratified random sample ye (N = 1 102) yabafundi abadala be-ODeLHE. Isethi ye-data yesekondari yona ibandakanya i-random subsample of n = 747 yesethi ye-data yabafundi bokuqala be-masters. I-Exploratory structural equation modelling, i-exploratory factor analysis kanye ne-confirmatory factor analysis eziveze izixazululo ezintathu ngama-ALSDS kuma-ayithemu angu 15 afakelwe kuma-factor amathathu. Imiphumela iveza ubufakazi be-construct (i-convergent and discriminant) validity kanye ne-internal consistency reliability yama-factor amathathu e-ALSDS abandakanya i- ix construct equivalence ye-scale's factorial structure, ukunqamuleza kumaqembu ngobulili, izinhlanga ezehlukene ngokwebala kanye neminyaka yobudala ehlukene. Umehluko osemqoka phakathi kweminyaka yobudala, izinhlanga ezehlukene ngokwebala kanye namaqembu eminyaka ehlukene uye wabonakaka maqondana ne-scale sub-dimensions. Ucwaningo luqhubela phambili ithiyori kwizimo zabafundi zokuziqhuba ngokufunda ezibizwa i-adult learner self-directedness kwi-ODeLHE, kanti futhi ithela esivivaneni kwi-reliability ye-version efinyeziwe ye-ALSDS njengesikali esiwusizo kwi-adult learner self-directedness. Okuyizihibe nge-psychometric okufanele kubhekwane nakho ngocwaningo lwangekusasa, kuye kwavezwa kwagqanyiswa. Ngokubonakala ngendlela ebambekayo, ucwaningo lugqamise ukuhlolwa kwempumelelo yabafundi abadala kwi-ODeLHE, umsebenzi omatasatasa we-akhademiki kanye nokusetshenziswa ngendlela yamasu abambekayo kwemithombo njengengxenye yokuthuthukisa i-self-directedness. Izinkambiso zokusekela kumele zibonelelwe, ikakhulukazi kwabesimame, abamnyama bama-Afrika kanye nabafundi abasebasha. Izinkambiso ze-ODeLHE kumele zibonelele namamaki abafundi olimi lwesiNgisi (i-English), ubulili, ukufinyelela emalayibhrari, inani lama-module kanye nokuthi ngabe abafundi bondla obani ngokwezimali njengemibandela enomthelela kwinqubo yokuthi abafundi bakwazi ukuziqhubela phambili ngokwenqubo ye-self-directedness.
Business Management
D.Com. (Business Management)