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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Value conflict'
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Jankovic, Judita. "Value conflict, materialistic values and subjective well-being." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421724.
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Mulligan, Kenneth. "The nature of value conflict and its consequences for public opinion." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1092075628.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 200 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-200). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Thacher, David. "Ties that bind? : confronting value conflict in community policing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37043.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 301-315).<br>Autonomy has become the villain in many debates about government bureaucracies, and reformers have increasingly urged public agencies to build stronger ties with the outside world. These relationships can make organizations more effective and improve their legitimacy, but they also create new challenges for practice that research has not yet fully explored. In this study, based on a comparative analysis of eleven diverse case studies in policing, I describe the problems and dilemmas that working in partnership entails, and how effective practitioners overcome them. I argue that the central problems of building and sustaining partnerships involve conflict over values: Different social institutions advance different social values, and when the partners who cling to them try to collaborate, conflict flares up at the point of contact. In policing, a small number of conflicts appear recurrently in four different types of partnerships: In community ties, these conflicts involve the relative importance of soft crime, the proper level of police authority, and the tension between equity and the interests of individual neighborhoods; in business ties, they center on the private sector's responsibility for social impacts; in political ties, they involve fights about money, mistakes, and responsiveness; and in inter agency ties, they concern the relative importance of crime control compared with other goals of public policy, and the proper ordering of organizational domains. In some views, conflicts like these are unavoidable, and calls for "partnerships" among organizations are futile. But these cases suggest that many effective police practitioners have been able to overcome them in two ways. First, they employ strategies of institutional change (like appealing to an existing value to institutionalize a new one) to shift their priorities or those of their partners. They thereby close the normative gap that divides them, putting their partnerships on less-contentious ground. Second, some police departments have developed a capacity to attend to competing values in the manner of Isaiah Berlin's fox: Instead of subordinating all but one value in a dilemma, their practitioners have a moral humility and a penchant for "incompletely-theorized agreements" that makes them effective in a world of value pluralism.<br>by David Thacher.<br>Ph.D.
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Williams, Michael Ray. "Navigating Conflicts Between Religious and Professional Values: Psychologists' Experiences." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6933.
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The issue of psychotherapists' values in psychotherapy has become increasingly challenging as philosophers have questioned the viability of concepts such as objectivity and relativism. Historically, psychotherapists have relied on notions such as bracketing or suspending their own values to avoid the moral and ethical implications that such values might be active in psychotherapy. Acknowledging that psychotherapists' values are active in psychotherapy raises a host of important issues, including how to appropriately navigate value conflicts. This study explored the experience of psychotherapists as they navigate conflicts between their religious and professional values. Qualitative interviews with eight religiously committed psychologists were transcribed and analyzed using Collaborative Hermeneutic Interpretation. Major themes and findings include: the possibility that one can be a religiously committed psychologist; that research topics are informed by religious values; the strengthening of personal values through conflict; there are a variety of values gained from religious affiliation; feeling out of place in religious and professional communities; having religious and philosophical issues broadened and deepened in complexity; knowing when to defend values and worldview; having quality research and reputation as a defense; and positive and negative experiences with supervisors. Participants also discussed what was helpful in preparing them for value conflicts and the preparation they wished they would have received. The findings in this study emphasize the importance of the supervisory relationship and the impact that supervisors can have on trainees as they work through value conflicts. Training programs are also recommended to provide trainees guidance that will help prepare them to navigate potential value conflicts over the course of their professional development.
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Lake, Barbara Jean. "Factors that escalate parent-school conflict and the value of mediation in special education." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76521.
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Conflict resolution strategies in special education are necessary in view of increased disability and civil rights legislation impacting schools. With increase in federal laws and regulations comes an increase in parental expectations and unclear interpretations of "what is right" and "what is legal" regarding meeting the educational needs of students with disabilities. The purpose of the study was to identify factors that escalate and de-escalate parent-school conflict in special education and to understand the special education mediation process from the perspectives of parents, school officials and mediators in Massachusetts.
Data were collected through telephone interviews with 44 participants. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Parent participants had experienced special education mediation either during the school year 1995-1996 or 1996-1997. School officials and mediators had experienced multiple special education mediations.
A grounded theory approach was used to analyze data. Eight categories of factors that escalate parent-school conflict in special education were identified: (a) Discrepant Views of a Child's Needs, (b) Knowledge, (c) Service Delivery, (d) Valuation, (e) Reciprocal Power, (f) Constraints, (g) Communication, and (h) Trust. Participants in each group revealed that the mediation process was of value even though one may not achieve the desired outcome. Strengths of the mediation process were identified in the areas of its ability to provide disclosure, empower participants, provide opportunity for communication, provide suitable outcomes, strengthen relationships and provide a pragmatic approach to problem-solving. Limitations of mediation were reported in it's ability to be misused by participants seeking opportunities for fact-finding and it's lack of ability to be enforced.
Results indicated that training in conflict handling strategies is needed by parents and school officials. Results of the study supported using early intervention conflict identification and resolution strategies so that conciliatory attitudes and trust might be preserved in parent-school relationships.<br>Ed. D.
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Cosgrave, James Forbes. "Identity, particularity, and value interpretive conflict and the collective representation of culture /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0003/NQ43420.pdf.
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Brunning, Luke. "Integration, ambivalence, and mental conflict." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4a0288d4-7c6d-4dc3-9ee7-8508b205e9e7.
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In my DPhil thesis I critique a philosophical ideal of mental organization: that one’s mind ought to be integrated, that is, lack conflicts or ambivalence between mental states, because disintegration is argued to impair one’s agency and undermine one’s well-being. My argument has three parts. In part one, I describe Plato’s maximalist version of the ideal where, if ideally organized, one’s psyche lacks conflicts because one’s rational faculty, aware of what is valuable, harmonises one’s motivational and affective states. I also argue that any dispute about integration is orthogonal to the dispute between value monists and value pluralists. In part two, I contest the integration ideal by criticizing three manifestations of it in contemporary philosophy. I focus on the organization of desire, and on deliberative and affective ambivalence. My arguments have a similar structure. First, I challenge the link between the integrated mind and the purported benefits of unimpaired agency and well-being. On investigation, this apparent connection is largely contingent. Not all conflicts or ambivalence are harmful, and other social or psychological factors are relevant in case where they really are damaging. Secondly, I argue that there are contexts where integration is a form of mental rigidity or harmful impoverishment. Thirdly, I argue that being disintegrated seems morally good in some situations where one manifests fitting states of mind, particularly emotions. In part three, I ask whether integration can be reinterpreted to salvage an alternative ideal. After rejecting a promising candidate found in Kleinian psychoanalytic theory, I offer my own account of integration as a two-part capacity to tolerate difficult mental states (not necessarily bad mental states - excitement can be hard to tolerate), and to avoid being reflectively passive as one’s mental organization changes. This capacity has rational and non-rational elements. Finally, I consider how this reinterpreted capacity relates to the practice of virtue. I conclude that integration is not a virtue, and may be compatible with some viciousness, but it enables one to be virtuous in situations where there are pressures towards being insensitively singleminded.
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Mweshi, John. "Environmental conflict resolution: a critical analysis of the role of interests and value." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/55842.
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This thesis intends to contribute to an enhanced understanding of environmental conflicts and their resolution. To accomplish this task the thesis will ascertain the role that value and interests play in environmental conflicts in order to establish an adequate basis upon which they can be resolved. In the process, the thesis will also examine three different approaches, namely, the Standard Approach; the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) framework; and the Structured Decision Making (SDM) approach. First, the standard approach is informed by the understanding that focusing on interests instead of human values makes the resolution of conflicts more tractable. In contrast, this thesis argues that an exclusive focus on interests, in the context of environmental conflict resolution, is inadequate in some important respects because there are other factors to be considered such as the environmental impacts at the root of the conflict. Second, the thesis examines the focus on impacts that characterises EIAs. It argues that this approach remedies the limitations of the standard approach insofar as impacts are understood in terms of object value. However, the EIA approach does not provide much guidance on how to deal with conflicting human values. Third, taking into account the fact that the standard approach does not address the question of object value, while the EIA addresses object value but does not deal directly with human values, the thesis examines the SDM approach to environmental risk decisions. The thesis argues that while the SDM approach claims to deal with conflicts involving human values head-on, it does not provide a viable alternative in terms of environmental conflict resolution. This is because it fails to recognise the key distinction between human values and object value despite acknowledging the presence of multiple value dimensions as a major obstacle to value trade-offs and therefore to the resolution of value conflicts. Finally, the thesis recommends an adequate basis upon which environmental conflicts can be resolved.
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Desai, Neha. "Evaluating the effectiveness of using complex debt instruments in mitigating bondholder equityholder agency conflict." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301318.
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Muddebihal, Akshata. "Area Efficient Multi-Ported Memories with Write Conflict Resolution." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406808833.
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Ngcaba, Yandisa. "Managing the conflict between social and economic value : the case of the Amadlelo Project." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020151.
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The objective of the study was to investigate the role that social entrepreneurship can play in rural economic development. This objective was achieved by answering the following secondary research questions: How do for-profit social ventures create social value? How sustainable are the for-profit social venture projects in rural areas? What are the challenges facing for-profit social ventures in scaling up their projects? What metrics can be used to monitor and measure social ventures? What are the leadership traits of social entrepreneurs? The point of departure in resolving the objective of this study was to do an analysis of the available literature relevant to the research. The literature review covered was on rural development and social entrepreneurship. Rural development literature covered issues specific to rural development such as the history of rural development in South Africa, land redistribution and restitution and food security, amongst others. Social entrepreneurship literature dealt with the following issues: charity organisations, corporate social responsibility, for-profit social ventures and social capital, amongst others. The researcher used a multiple case study method to resolve the objective of the research. It was conducted with five projects of Amadlelo Agri in the Eastern Cape. An empirical and qualitative study was conducted with forty one employees and six senior managers of Amadlelo Agri respectively in order to test the theory. The results of the empirical and qualitative study were compared to the reviewed literature in order to ascertain whether Amadlelo Agri complied with the findings of the literature review. The research concludes that for-profit social ventures can play a very important role in rural development by turning latent community assets into profitable businesses for the benefit of the community; reducing unemployment and poverty; bringing financial and other resources needed in rural communities and by providing skills development.
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Qian, Xiang [Verfasser]. "Cultural Value Orientation and Conflict Management Style of Chinese Companies in Germany / Xiang Qian." Düren : Shaker, 2019. http://d-nb.info/120221889X/34.
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Schaum, Valerie Charlotte. "Decision-making in shared leadership : overcoming the conflict between profit and ethical value goals." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-386527.
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Companies’ entrepreneurial actions entail all sorts of conquences among these ethical consequences. While the media reports on unethical activities and blames companies for those actions, the global market economy, with few exceptions, does not value ethical behavior. Consequently, businesses continue to prioritize the pursuit of profits over the consideration of ethical issues. Research suggests that this situation together with traditionally vertical leadership structures produces conflicts in decision-making processes between profit and ethical value goals. New styles of leadership and decision-making are needed to overcome this conflict. Thus, the aim of this project is to identify the characteristics of shared leadership that are perceived as positively influencing corporate decision-making processes with regards to the integration of ethical considerations. A case study approach is chosen to study the phenomenon in a real-life context. A German small-size company practicing shared leadership funcions as the case study. The report presents a framework to analyze various factors regarding. Empirical data from interviews and on-site observations are analyzed using a framework created based on previous research, highlighting inputs, processes and outputs of the decision-making processes in shared leadership. The findings show that individuals’ personalities, intra-team relations, organizational culture, rules and the use of a decision-making tool aiming at consent are important influencing factors of decision-making in shared leadership.
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Smith, Timothy. "Trust and Money or Value Transfers: A study of the implications of global value conflict generated by UN Security Council Resolution 1373." Thesis, Smith, Timothy (2021) Trust and Money or Value Transfers: A study of the implications of global value conflict generated by UN Security Council Resolution 1373. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/65773/.
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Trust is a fundamental aspect of any given functional society. However, since late September 2001, the UN approach to global financial governance appears to have been driven by distrust of other less formalized money or value transfer (MVT) systems. At the core of this ‘Global Regulatory Effort’ (GRE) is UN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1373, which mandated that states legislate to regulate all informal MVT systems. In particular, the MVT system known as ‘hawala’ was implicated by US authorities in the funding of the acts of terrorism committed on September 11 in 2001.
Although the focus of this multilateral effort was predominantly on the Islamic hawala system, the regime targeted any MVT system not linked to an established commercial banking operation. In this way UNSCR 1373 put a line in the sand between trustworthy and untrustworthy financial service providers. The necessity of this unprecedented step was ostensibly in order to prevent any future global acts of terrorism and maintain international peace and security. However, the regime’s approach implicitly legitimized formal Westernstyle financial systems while delegitimising all others. This study contends that a significant implication of this securitized approach to global financial governance was the creation of a Global Trust Conflict (GTC).
The Global Financial Crisis of 2007/2008 and the adoption of Bitcoin as legal tender by El Salvador emphasize the significance of this Conflict. Moreover, the emergence of blockchain technology, Decentralized Finance (DeFi), and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) represents a new and challenging front in which the implications of the Conflict may be significant. Particularly in terms of the prevailing nature of trust provision services throughout the global economy. As a result, new possibilities for the shape of global order have arisen as state and private interests compete to influence the future of remittances. This research argues that the UNSCR 1373 mandate is anti-competition and served to institutionalize distrust of non-bank MVT systems. This includes traditionally informal remittances and emergent decentralized value transfer systems built on blockchain technology. This thesis concludes that a Global Trust Conflict exists, which constitutes the most significant barrier to regulatory efficacy and compliance aimed at MVT systems.
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Adamovic, Mladen. "Fairness in Work Teams : The Integration of Organizational Justice with Workplace Conflict, Workplace Dissimilarity, and National Cultural Values." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10041.
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Les recherches sur la justice organisationnelle ont prouvé que l’équité était un concept majeur pour appréhender l’expérience de travail des salariés. Pourtant, les chercheurs en ce domaine ont focalisé leur attention sur la relation verticale entre salariés et managers ou entre les salariés et les organisations auxquelles ils appartiennent, au détriment des rapports entre individus de même niveau hiérarchique. Cette thèse a pour but de présenter le concept de justice dans les équipes de travail en analysant la perception des salariés quant au traitement qui leur ait réservé, à titre individuel, sur leur lieu de travail. Afin de démontrer la pertinence théorique et pratique de la perception individuelle de l’équité dans les équipes de travail, le thème de la justice organisationnelle sera confronté au thème du conflit, au concept de diversité et aux valeurs socio-culturelles des salariés. Les problématiques de recherche se concentrent sur les conséquences de la perception de l´équité entre collègues, sur les relations entre les concepts d'injustice et de conflit, de dissemblance et de satisfaction et sur le rôle modérateur des valeurs socio-culturelles sur la perception de l'équité et du comportement de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Ces questions de recherche sont testées d´une part à travers une étude longitudinale portant sur 256 salariés de firmes allemandes et, d´autre part, à travers deux questionnaires portant sur 448 salariés répartis dans des équipes de travail multinationales en France. Ces données sont analysées grâce à une modélisation en équation structurelle sur Mplus et par la méthode de modération et médiation sur le logiciel macro SPSS de Hayes. Le résultat de la première enquête met en évidence un phénomène de réciprocité entre les différents types d'injustices et les catégories diverses de conflits sur le lieu de travail, cette corrélation se renforçant à mesure que le temps passe. La dissemblance des valeurs entre salariés d'une même équipe a un impact négatif sur la satisfaction globale du groupe. L'injustice distributive et procédurale est un vecteur de ce phénomène. Dans le même temps, la différence de classe d'âge entre salariés d'une même équipe a un effet positif sur la satisfaction du groupe. Dans ce cas, c'est la communication entre les membres du groupe qui sert de conducteur. Enfin, la seconde étude démontre que les effets du concept d'équité sur le comportement de citoyenneté organisationnelle ont plus d'impact sur les sujets à tendance individualiste, soumis à une forte hiérarchie et réceptif à l'incertitude<br>Organizational justice research has shown that fairness is a key part of the employee’s work experience. However, justice scholars focused their considerations on the vertical relationship between employees and managers or organizations, neglecting horizontal relationships between peers. This dissertation advances justice research in teams by discussing and testing the individual peer justice perspective, which deals with the individuals’ perceptions of how fairly they are treated by teammates. To demonstrate the theoretical and practical relevance of the individual peer justice perspective, the organizational justice literature is integrated with the literatures of workplace conflict, workplace dissimilarity, and national cultural values. The research questions center around the predictors and outcomes of individual peer justice, the injustice-conflict interrelationship, the mechanisms of the dissimilarity-team satisfaction relationship, and the moderating role of cultural values on the relationship between justice perceptions and organizational citizenship behavior. The related hypotheses are tested through a longitudinal survey study with 256 employees from a variety of organizations in Germany and through a two-wave survey study with 448 multinational self-managed team members in France. The data is analyzed through structural equation modelling using Mplus and through moderation and mediation analyses using the SPSS macro of Hayes. The results of the first study indicate a reciprocal relationship between injustice dimensions and conflict types in the workplace, whereby this relationship becomes stronger over time. Distributive and procedural injustice further mediate the negative impact of perceived value dissimilarity (relative to teammates) on team satisfaction. The positive effects of perceived age dissimilarity (relative to teammates) on team satisfaction are mediated by information elaboration. Finally, the second study demonstrates that peer justice effects on organizational citizenship behavior are stronger for team members who score high in individualism, high in power distance, and low in uncertainty avoidance
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Stenberg, Johan. "Snapple : A distributed, fault-tolerant, in-memory key-value store using Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188691.
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As services grow and receive more traffic, data resilience through replication becomes increasingly important. Modern large-scale Internet services such as Facebook, Google and Twitter serve millions of users concurrently. Replication is a vital component of distributed systems. Eventual consistency and Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) are suggested as an alternative to strong consistency systems. This thesis implements and evaluates Snapple, a distributed, fault-tolerant, in-memory key-value database based on CRDTs running on the Java Virtual Machine. Snapple supports two kinds of CRDTs, an optimized implementation of the OR-Set and version vectors. Performance measurements show that the Snapple system is significantly faster than Riak, a persistent database based on CRDTs, but has a factor 5x - 2.5x lower throughput than Redis, a popular in-memory key-value database written in C. Snapple is a prototype-implementation but might be a viable alternative to Redis if the user wants the consistency guarantees CRDTs provide.<br>När internet-baserade tjänster växer och får mer trafik blir data replikering allt viktigare. Moderna storskaliga internet-baserade tjänster såsom Facebook, Google och Twitter hanterar miljoner av förfrågningar från användare samtidigt. Datareplikering är en vital komponent av distribuerade system. Eventuell synkronisering och Konfliktfria Replikerade Datatyper (CRDTs) är föreslagna som alternativ till direkt synkronisering. Denna uppsats implementerar och evaluerar Snapple, en distribuerad feltolerant nyckelvärdesdatabas i RAM-minnet baserad på CRDTs och som exekverar på Javas virtuella maskin. Snapple stödjer två sorters CRDTs, den optimerade implementationen av observera-ta-bort setet och versionsvektorer. Prestanda-mätningar visar att Snapple-systemet är mycket snabbare än Riak, en persistent databas baserad på CRDTs. Snapple visar sig ha 5x - 2.5x lägre genomströmning än Redis, en popular i-minnet nyckel-värdes databas skriven i C. Snapple är en prototyp men CRDT-stödda system kan vara ett värdigt alternativ till Redis om användaren vill ta del av synkroniseringsgarantierna som CRDTs tillhandahåller.
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Pasquinelli, Matteo. "The asymetrical condition : new forms of value accumulation and conflict between knowledge economy and network society." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542025.
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Nordbeck, Katarina. "- Idag är det Krysmyntaspel. - Nej, det är inget spel! Det är en lek : Om forumspel på förskolan." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30384.
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The aim of this study is to investigate an inter-action and a roleplay activity that takes place every Friday at a preschool in a suburb of Stockholm. The aim is to investigate learning in this activity and how it is corresponding to the curriculum for preschools. What is the teachers aim and how do the children think, talk and act before, during and after the game. It is a qualitative study and data was collected through qualitative interviews, field notes from observations and recordings with my I-phone. The results showed that the play is useful as a pedagogical documentation and as a tool for reflection. According to the educators it is possible to involve the entire curriculum for preschool in this roleplay, such as fundamental value, conflict resolution, children´s participation, traditional topics as mathematics and languages. The activity has developed in a cooperation with children and teachers together.
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Ozen, Ayca. "Value Similarities Of Wives And Husbands And Conflict Resolution Styles Of Spouses As Predictors Of Marital Adjustment." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607273/index.pdf.
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The aim of this present study was to investigate the predictive power of value similarity of wives and husbands and conflict resolution of spouses on marital adjustment of wives, husbands, and couples. Data is collected by means of questionnaires (&ldquo<br>Schwartz&rsquo<br>s Value Survey&rdquo<br>, &ldquo<br>Dyadic Adjustment Scale&rdquo<br>, and &ldquo<br>Conflict Resolution Styles Scale&rdquo<br>), from a sample of one hundred and forty (140 women, 140 men) Turkish married couples. The results of the study indicated that after eliminating the effects of demographic variables, tradition, hedonism, stimulation value type similarities of spouses, and power value type dissimilarities of spouses have positively predicted marital adjustment of wives and couples. However, value similarities of spouses did not have significant effect on marital adjustment of husbands. Although, conflict resolution styles of husbands had a significant effect on marital adjustment of wives, conflict resolution styles of wives did not have significant contribution in predicting marital adjustment of husbands after eliminating the effects of demographic variables and value similarity of spouses. The usage of negative conflict resolution styles by husbands had negative effects on marital adjustment of wives. When the marital adjustment of couples was considered, it was found that conflict resolution styles of wives and husbands have significant contribution in predicting marital adjustment of couples. The results further indicated that negative conflict resolution styles of wives and husbands negatively predicted marital adjustment of couples. Furthermore, it was found that spouses high in positive conflict resolution style and low in negative conflict resolution style have higher scores on marital adjustment than spouses low in positive conflict resolution style and high in negative conflict resolution style. The findings of the present study were discussed in the light of the related literature. Additionally, limitations of the study and suggestions for future researches were investigated.
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Arun, Ashutosh. "A novel Road User Safety Field Theory for traffic safety assessment applying video analytics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/234039/1/Ashutosh_Arun_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis introduces a new Road User Safety Field Theory to proactively assess traffic safety by studying the interactions of various road users at signalised intersections. The proposed theory combines road traffic environmental factors, vehicle capabilities and personal characteristics to determine the extent and strength of road users’ safety ‘bubble’ or field across various traffic interactions. By applying the Artificial Intelligence-based video data analytics, the proposed Road User Safety Field Theory is found to better estimate crash risks in terms of crash frequency and severity than traditional traffic conflict techniques.
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Gaston, Diane Marie. "Preparation, Protection, Connection and Embodiment: A Phenomenological Exploration of the Value of Spiritual Self-Care for Conflict Professionals." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/106.
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The field of mediation has emerged as one of the premier tools in the peacemaking process. While mediation has grown in popularity and become widely accepted in the judicial court system and corporate America, very few studies have focused on how mediators are impacted by the conflict resolution process. Moreover, few studies have focused on the role of spiritual self-care on the mediator. This research study explored how mediators who identify as spiritual integrate their spirituality in their own self-care practice. In order for mediation to continue as one of the most important tools in the peacemaking process, mediators of today and the future must have effective and beneficial self-care practices to perform professionally at a high level. This study utilized transcendental phenomenology to capture the lived experiences of 11 conflict professionals who incorporate spirituality into their self-care practices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore how they practiced self-care and the essence of what spiritual self-care entailed. The major themes identified in this study were: (a) mediators spiritual practices were used as tools for preparation and protection in conflict work, (b) spiritual practices invoked deep and meaningful feelings of connectedness, and (c) that spiritually identifying mediators began to embody the same practices they used. Essentially, spiritual self-care was vital to being effective in their professional lives. Mediators were able to offer deep value to their clients through their spirituality and simultaneously found deep value in their spiritual self-care practices. The research was significant, as it allowed for a deeper understanding of conflict practitioners and could benefit the personal and professional growth of the mediation field.
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Lau, Sze-fei Sophia, and 劉思妃. "Government professionals and value conflicts in the civil service: a Hong Kong study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128626.
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Troselj, Ivana. "Victor Turner and the theatre of war: A reflection on the value of Psyops, culture and performance during conflict." Thesis, Troselj, Ivana (2011) Victor Turner and the theatre of war: A reflection on the value of Psyops, culture and performance during conflict. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/7375/.
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Conventional 'force-on-force' warfare is a thing of the past (Kilcullen 2009: 292). Much has changed in the conduct of war since Carl von Clausewitz's opus on War (Clausewitz 1997) was first published in 1832; the ongoing digitisation of the contemporary battlefield promises swifter and more intense battle at a lower cost-to-combat ratio (Goldenstein and Jacobwitz 1996: 10); while a rise in low-intensity and insurgent war is anticipated to continue within the developing world (McLaughlin 1989: 1-2). The only thing one may say with any certainty about the future of warfare is the diverse nature of its conduct (Black 2001: 82); an the enduringly psychological nature of all kinds of human conflict (Paddock 1996: 33).
Despite this, contemporary Western militaries continually re-enact the principles of conventional war; even where unsuited, while the psychological dimension of war is often the least appreciated and engaged (Stillwell 1996: 319), even though it is 'human' forces that provide conflict with its many variables (Leonhard 2000: 209-2011). A misunderstanding of these forces has resulted in a shortfall of resourcing, continuity and training for Psychological Operations (Psyops) (Paddock 1996: 34); while appreciation for the soft power of Psyops and the human elements of war have been diminished by an empirical, neo-Clausewitzian strategic framework (Van Crevald 1991: 148-149) and a particularly Western and Postmodern notion of Technological Determinism (Black 2001: 97). I believe that importing Victor Turner's performance theory into existing military doctrines will provide a useful heuristic model for working with these problems, because of its unique perspective on the dramatic power of symbol, performance and conflict; and I believe that this will further enhance the military's understanding and appreciation of Psyops' unique capabilities, along with the more human elements of warfare; while supplying a much-needed process-oriented understanding of human culture and conflict at strategic level.
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Lau, Sze-fei Sophia. "Government professionals and value conflicts in the civil service : a Hong Kong study /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128626.
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IGUCHI, Hiroto, Eiji HIRAO, Takeshi FURUHASHI та ін. "質問間距離を用いた質問間の関係性の把握および回答矛盾度の算出に関する研究". 日本感性工学会, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20698.
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Hartel, Colleen M. "The Role of Wildlife Value Orientations in Framing Interactions with Wildlife Near the Home: A Mixed-methods Analysis of Self-reported Problems with Wildlife." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1525541681974028.
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Stensö, Theodor. "What is the value of home? : A quantitative study on the effects of natural resource extraction on conflict-induced displacement." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-434075.
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Conflict-induced displacement, a relatively novel term, is well researched but not well understood. There is a significant amount of findings on this subject, but many have been disproven at a later stage, leaving behind a research field largely lacking in substantial findings. As conflict-induced displacement has steadily increased over the previous years, this is a significant problem. However, recent findings, hinting at a relationship between natural resource prevalence in armed conflicts and displacement, could help provide an explanation as for what causes these differences. A large-n study looking at 207 cases of armed conflict, varying over relative value of natural resource extraction, is here conducted. The results find that while there is not a statistically significant relationship between the two variables, and this relationship varies depending on whether cross- or within border displacement is the focus, there is some level of covarying relationship.
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Olofsson, Erik. "En vy från Vakttornet : En kvalitativ studie av Jehovas vittnens diskurser kring den svenska gymnasieskolans kurs- och läroplansinnehåll." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149306.
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The following study examines the conflicting discourses between the swedish school system andthe Christian denomination of Jehovah’s witnesses on the swedish upper secondary schoolcurriculum and its subject content. The purpose has been to identify if the discourses present avalue conflict with school interests and discuss both how these are different and why they constitutea conflict. This has been achieved by examining the religious body’s recent publications on thesubject through a discourse analysis method.The study shows that there are several themes in the swedish upper secondary schoolcurriculum and subject content in which Jehovah’s witnesses have discourses conflicting with theschool’s own, possibly constituting practical issues in the day to day education of students. Themain conflicts lies within the areas of social integration of students, the non-denominationalcharacter of the school system, sex education, the stance of religious pluralism taken in the subjectof religious studies, historical method and the subject content of natural science primarilyconcerning evolutionary biology. The study also concludes that there is a wide gap and lack ofinformation surrounding these conflicts and how teachers and other school staff should approach oravoid them. This ultimately derives from a lack of research around the subject and deficientguidelines from the Swedish National Agency for Education surrounding not only how to approachstudents that are Jehovah’s witnesses but religious discourses surrounding the curriculum andschool subjects in general.
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Blankson, Herbert K. "A Three Cultures Model Approach to Understanding Organizational Communication: A Case Study of Multicultural Organizations." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1307992562.
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Lundström, Sara, and Anna Råberg. "“Kan bli för stramt och fyrkantigt” : En enkätstudie om pedagogers upplevelser och erfarenheter av arbetet med konflikthantering i förskolan: tankestilars roll och påverkan kring hur relationer inramas och formuleras." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Pedagogik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29264.
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Konstruktiv hantering av konflikter kan bidra till lärandesituationer. Som en del i att synliggöra det vardagliga arbetet lyfter studien pedagogers erfarenheter och upplevelser kring konflikthanteringsarbetet i förskolan. I en strävan att utveckla både värdegrundsarbete och verksamhet, har det efterfrågats och skett ett sökande efter kunskap och verksamma strategier för att hantera vardagliga konflikter mellan barnen. Konflikthantering utgör dock ett mångfacetterat fält, hanteras och uppfattas på olika sätt, både i arbetslag och verksamhet. Det praktiska arbetet kan därmed upplevas svårt av pedagogerna att orientera sig i och ett helhetsarbete genomsyrar därmed inte alltid verksamheten. Tankestilar är starkt sammankopplade med förhållningssätt vilket bidrar till att styra blicken mot hur arbetet med konflikter bör hanteras. Med pedagogernas blick riktad mot det ”det goda arbetet” kan lätt normer och värden osynliggöras inom verksamheten och påverka vad som blir möjligt för barnen att vara en del av. Studien belyser förskolors olika strategier att hantera konflikter och därmed vilka områden som fokuseras. Utifrån enkäter har pedagogernas svar utgjort en grund för att problematisera vilken roll konflikthantering och användandet av konflikthanteringsmodeller spelar i det relationella vardagliga arbetet -i strävan mot ett demokratiskt klimat och social hållbar utveckling. Resultatet visar att bland annat kunskap, tid och avsaknad av samsyn utgör faktorer som hindrar ett gemensamt arbete med konflikthantering i förskolan. Genom samtal, reflektion, granskning och utvärdering finns dock möjlighet att lyfta olika perspektiv och tankar kring använda strategier och hur de kan anpassas till verksamhetens ständigt reviderade behov. Där motsättningar ges utrymme får tankestilar möjlighet att mötas och utvecklas. Studien belyser därmed vikten av pedagogernas behov av utrymme för att löpande kunna granska och problematisera både förhållningssätt samt val av konflikthanteringsstrategier.
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Auer, Mathias. "The effect of creditor rights on the relationship of firm-level corporate governance and firm value in case of M&As." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-347179.
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This study examines the relationship of firm-level corporate governance and firm value, proposing a moderating effect by country-level creditor protection rights in case of M&As. In order to analyse this setting a sample of 331 deals over the period of 14 years (2002-2015) was evaluated. Evidence for a negative relationship of corporate governance and firm value could be found and provides support for the negative spillover theory. Moreover, proof for a negative moderating effect of creditor protection rights is in line with previous literature which suggests that stronger creditor protection rights result in lower risk-taking behaviour which consequently leads to lower firm value. This connection of creditor rights and risk-taking is therefore influencing corporate governance. Furthermore, stronger creditor protection rights are assumed to directly affect firm value. However, no definite conclusion regarding the assumed negative relationship of firm value and creditor protection rights can be drawn since this finding is lacking statistical significance.
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Abaza, Wasseem. "The Role of Business in Identity-Based Conflict: A Case Study of Peace-Building in a Business Context." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1386236000.
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Olsson, Linnea. "Human-elephant conflicts : A qualitative case study of farmers’ attitudes toward elephants in Babati, Tanzania." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24091.
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It is widely recognized that human-wildlife conflicts can reduce farmers’ support for long-term species conservation. The subject of human-elephant conflicts is highly relevant in villages around Babati District in North Central Tanzania because of the closeness to Tarangire National Park. The purpose of this study is therefore to examine local farmers’ attitudes toward elephants and the attitudes’ effects on conservation efforts. Primary data was collected through a qualitative approach of semi-structured interviews with twelve farmers in four villages around Babati, with Wildlife Officer Nashon Macokesha at Babati District Council and with Allan Carlson, Nature Conservation Expert at WWF. A thematic analysis was done to make comparisons between the answers from farmers, Macokesha and Carlson. The Theory of Planned Behavior and the Value-Belief-Norm theory were also used to analyze the underlying factors of the farmers’ attitudes. The results of this study show that around half of the farmers have positive attitudes toward elephants, while the other half think negatively of them. Elephants were identified as the most problematic species and crop-raiding as the most problematic type of human-elephant conflict. The problems that farmers experience do to crop-raiding and other types of human-elephant conflicts include the direct effects of lost livelihood and income and indirect effects like health impacts and security issues. The result also indicates that factors affecting farmers’ attitudes toward elephants include: 1) the proportion of available land affected by elephants, 2) the closeness of farmers’ fields to Tarangire National Park, 3) the lack of compensation, 4) the ability to affect the decision-making concerning the human-elephant conflicts and 5) the information about and knowledge of elephants and their importance. The underlying cause of the human-elephant conflicts is identified to be the spatial overlap of the two species. To prevent human-elephant encounters in the first place, thereby reducing the risk of human-elephants conflicts, better land use planning can be used to avoid settlement and cultivation close to protected areas. Buffer zones can be established around national parks and reserves to reduce the overlap between humans and wildlife. Mitigation through preventive and deterrent methods like lighting fires, making noises, using chili-dung or chili-grease to scare elephants off farmers’ fields can also be used. Another alternative is to switch from growing high-risk crops that elephants prefer to crops like chili or sesame which rarely gets eaten by elephants.<br>Att konflikter mellan människor och djurliv kan minska bönders stöd för artbevarande åtgärder är välkänt bland forskare. Konflikter mellan människor och elefanter är vitt förekommande i byar i Babati-distriktet i norra Tanzania på grund av närheten till nationalparken Tarangire. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka bönders attityder till elefanter och attitydernas effekter för bevarandeåtgärder. Primärdata samlades in genom ett kvalitativt upplägg med semistrukturerade intervjuer med tolv bönder i fyra byar i Babati, med Wildlife Officer Nashon Macokesha på Babati District Council samt med Allan Carlson, naturvårdsexpert på WWF. En tematisk analys utfördes för att jämföra svaren mellan bönderna, Macokesha och Carlson och the Theory of Planned Behavior samt the Value-Belief-Norm theory användes för att analysera de underliggande orsakerna bakom böndernas attityder. Resultatet från denna studie visar att ungefär hälften av bönderna har positiva attityder till elefanter, medan den andra hälften har negativa åsikter om dem. Elefanter identifierades som den mest problematiska arten för bönderna och förstörandet av grödor som den mest problematiska typen av konflikt mellan människor och elefanter. Problemen som bönderna upplever till följd av dessa konflikter inkluderar direkta effekter som förlorad inkomst och försämrade försörjningsmöjligheter, men också indirekta effekter som hälso- och säkerhetsproblem. Faktorer som enligt resultaten i denna studie kan påverka böndernas attityder till elefanter innefattar: 1) andelen tillgänglig mark som påverkas av elefanter, 2) närheten från böndernas mark till nationalparken Tarangire, 3) bristen på kompensation, 4) möjligheten att påverka beslutsprocessen gällande konflikten mellan människor och elefanter samt 5) information och kunskap om elefanter och deras betydelse. Den underliggande orsaken till konflikterna mellan människor och elefanter identifieras vara överlappet i användningsområden mellan de båda arterna. För att förhindra möten mellan människor och elefanter, och därmed minska risken för konflikter, behövs bättre markanvändningsplanering så att bosättning och jordbruk undviks i närheten av skyddade områden. Buffertzoner kan också anläggas runt nationalparker och reservat för att minska överlappet mellan människor och djur. Avskräckande åtgärder, som att tända eldar, göra oväsen, tända chilibriketter eller sätta upp chili-rep, för att hålla elefanter borta från böndernas åkrar kan också användas. Ett annat alternativ är att bönderna byter från att odla högriskgrödor som elefanter föredrar till att odla grödor som chili eller sesam, vilka sällan eller aldrig äts av elefanter.
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Syrjäpalo, K. (Kyllikki). "Arvot ja arvostukset psykiatrisessa hoidossa:henkilökunnan ja potilaiden näkemyksiä hoidon nykytilasta." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514280156.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the values of the staff of one psychiatric hospital, the aspects of care appreciated by the patients and the current status of psychiatric care. The staff (n = 125) data were collected with the Schwartz value survey and an instrument measuring the status of organisational activity. The patient (n = 47) data were collected with the instrument measuring the status of organizational activity. The results were presented as frequencies, percentages and means. Multivariate correlations were examined based on cross-tabulation, Chi square test, Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance. The responses to open-ended questions were analysed with data-based content analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the measuring instruments. The values most highly appreciated by the staff were honesty, respect for one's parents' work, family safety, health, sense of responsibility, subjective pleasure and life experience. The following values were appreciated least: self-sacrificial work for the employer, religion, exciting life and material wealth. The most important motivation type values were hedonism, security and universalism, while desire for variation, traditions and power were considered the least important. The staff values were distinctively collective and communal. The following values were related to patient care: respect for the human value of individuals, humane treatment, reliability and safety of the therapeutic environment. The status assessments concerning care, leadership and atmosphere fell between satisfactory and good. The specific strengths of the working units were professional expertise, competence, experience, co-operation and commitment to work. Privacy on the ward and spiritual care were accomplished least well. Despite their illness, patients highly appreciated the human value of individuals. The expectations applied by patients to this value were related to truth, humanity, respect for human beings, privacy and freedom. The patients appreciated a safe therapeutic environment and humanely respectful treatment. Of the different therapeutic modalities, the patients appreciated medication, crisis interventions, primary nurses and basic care. Two third of the patients felt that their rights had been respected. Involuntary care, experiences of submission, environmentally evoked fears and lack of private space were felt to be difficult matters. The values of the staff and the patients were roughly parallel, with the exception of the value of health, which was not underlined by the patients. It thus seems that psychic illness does not fundamentally alter the person's values. The qualitative part of the study highlighted the contradictions between the ideals and practical realities of patient care. Conflicts in the working community were due to inappropriate use of power, differences in work motivation, aspects of patient care and treatment as well as structural problems in the working and therapeutic environment. Despite occasional value conflicts, the care of patients was considered to be mostly good, safe, humane and just. Due to its stable and uniform value basis, therefore, the working and therapeutic community seems to tolerate occasional ethical and value conflicts<br>Tiivistelmä Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata erään psykiatrisen sairaalan henkilökunnan arvoja, potilaiden hoidossaan arvostamia asioita ja psykiatrisen hoidon nykytilaa. Henkilökunnan (n = 125) aineisto kerättiin Schwartzin arvomittarilla ja organisaation toiminnan tilan mittarilla. Potilaiden (n = 47) aineisto kerättiin organisaation toiminnan tilan mittarilla. Tulokset esitettiin frekvenssi-, prosentti- ja keskiarvolukuina. Muuttujien välisiä yhteyksiä tarkasteltiin ristiintaulukoinnin, Khiin neliötestin, Studentin t-testin ja yksisuuntaisen varianssianalyysin avulla. Avokysymykset analysoitiin aineistolähtöisellä sisällön analyysillä. Mittareiden luotettavuutta arvioitiin Cronbachin alfa-kertoimella. Henkilökunnalle tärkeimmät yksittäiset arvot olivat rehellisyys, omien vanhempien työn kunnioittaminen, perheen turvallisuus, terveys, vastuuntunto, mielihyvä ja elämänkokemus. Vähiten tärkeitä arvoja olivat uhrautuva työ työnantajan hyödyksi, uskonnollisuus, jännittävä elämä ja varakkuus. Tärkeimmiksi motivaatiotyyppiarvoiksi erottuivat hedonismi, turvallisuus ja universalismi ja vähiten tärkeinä pidettiin vaihtelunhalua, perinteitä ja valtaa. Henkilökunnan arvoina korostuivat kollektiiviset, yhteisölliset arvot. Potilaan hoitoon liittyviä tärkeitä arvoja olivat ihmisarvon kunnioittaminen, inhimillinen kohtelu, luotettavuus ja hoitoympäristön turvallisuus. Hoitamisen, johtamisen ja ilmapiirin toiminnan tila sijoittui tyydyttävän ja hyvän välille. Työyksiköiden vahvuuksina korostuivat ammattitaito, osaaminen, kokemus, yhteistyö ja sitoutuminen työhön. Yksityisyys osastolla ja hengellinen hoito toteutuivat kaikkein huonoimmin. Ihmisarvo sairaudesta huolimatta oli potilaille tärkeä arvo. Ihmisarvoon potilailla liittyi odotusarvoja, jotka olivat totuus, inhimillisyys, ihmisenä kunnioittaminen, yksityisyys ja vapaus. Potilaat arvostivat turvallista hoitoympäristöä sekä ihmisarvoa kunnioittavaa kohtelua. Hoitomuodoista arvostettiin lääkehoitoa, kriisiapua, omahoitajuutta ja perushoitoa. Potilaista kaksi kolmasosaa koki omien oikeuksiensa toteutuvan hyvin. Pakottaminen hoitoon, alistetuksi tulemisen kokemus, ympäristöstä johtuvat pelot ja yksityisen tilan puute koettiin vaikeina asioina. Henkilökunnan ja potilaiden arvoissa ja arvostuksissa oli havaittavissa samankaltaisuutta lukuun ottamatta terveyden arvoa, jota potilaat eivät tuoneet esille. Psyykkinen sairaus ei siten näyttäisi muuttavan oleellisesti ihmisen arvomaailmaa. Tutkimuksen laadullinen osa toi esille ristiriitaisuutta hoitamisen ihanteiden ja käytännön todellisuuden välillä. Työyhteisössä ristiriitoja aiheuttivat väärä vallankäyttö, työmotivaation epätasaisuus, potilaan hoitoon ja kohteluun liittyvät seikat sekä työ- ja hoitoympäristön rakenteiden ongelmat. Ajoittaisista arvoristiriidoista huolimatta hoidon todettiin olevan pääosin hyvää, turvallista, inhimillistä ja oikeudenmukaista. Vakaan ja yhtenäisen arvoperustan johdosta työ- ja hoitoyhteisö näyttäisi siten kestävän toiminnassa ilmenevät ajoittaiset eettiset ristiriidat ja arvokonfliktit
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Cunha, Marcio Augusto Miguel. "O efeito da governança corporativa no desempenho econômico e financeiro das empresas: uma análise empírica no mercado brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96132/tde-25102016-111929/.
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Governança corporativa é um conjunto de mecanismos que visa alinhar interesses entre as diferentes partes envolvidas que compõem a empresa. Os interesses muita vezes são conflitantes em virtude de que o indivíduo tende a maximizar sua utilidade pessoal, e desta discrepância de busca individual surge o conflito, conhecido como de interesse. O conflito pode ocorrer com qualquer envolvido na companhia, porém este trabalho estudará os que ocorrem entre o agente e o principal. O agente pode ser tanto funcionários da empresa, como investidor minoritário, sendo que o principal é representado pelo acionista controlador, que detém o poder sobre a companhia. Os mecanismos de governança corporativa podem ser internos e externos à corporação. Dentre os internos se destacam: conselho de administração, conselho fiscal, estrutura de propriedade, remuneração dos executivos, relatórios contábeis em concordância com as normas internacionais publicados periodicamente, e política de distribuição de dividendos. Dentre os externos os que se destacam são: possibilidade de aquisição hostil, mercado de trabalho competitivo, leis de proteção aos investidores, crosslistings e parecer contábil dos relatórios financeiros realizados por empresas externas de auditoria com renome no mercado. O conjunto de mecanismos visa alcançar os princípios básicos de governança corporativa: transparência, equidade, prestação de contas e responsabilidade corporativa. A presente pesquisa investigou a relação entre governança corporativa e o desempenho econômico-financeiro das empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBOVESPA entre os anos 2010 e 2014, representando o período posterior à crise econômica mundial desencadeada pelos títulos de subprime americanos, ocorrida no segundo semestre de 2008, e anterior à crise econômica e política no Brasil, iniciada em 2015. Foi utilizado o índice de governança IGC desenvolvido por Silva e Leal (2005) para medir a governança. O desempenho econômico-financeiro das empresas foi medido através das variáveis Q-tobin e taxa de lucro econômico. O modelo utilizou ferramentas que diminuem os problemas de endogeneidade e causalidade reversa, que são: inserir variáveis de controle e utilizar o método de regressão MMG-Sis (Método dos momentos generalizados - Sistêmico). Os resultados obtidos comprovaram o esperado pela literatura, pois o índice de governança corporativa influenciou positivamente o desempenho da empresa. Para a variável taxa de lucro econômico (TLE) o resultado apresentou significância estatística no nível de 5%, o que torna confiável a alegação. Já para a variável Q-tobin, apesar de também apresentar relação positiva com a governança, a análise estatística não se mostrou robusta a ponto de poder exercer alguma afirmativa sobre o resultado. Por fim, a pesquisa observou uma melhora na governança corporativa nas empresas da amostra ao longo dos anos e em relação a outras pesquisas de anos anteriores.<br>Corporate governance is a set of mechanisms to align interests between the different individuals who compose the company. The interests a lot of times are conflicting because of the individual´s seek to maximize their personal utility, and from this discrepancy of individual pursuit comes the conflict, known as interest. Conflict can occur between any involved in the company, but this work study those between the agent and the principal. The agent may be employees of the companies or minority investors and the main one is represented by the controlling shareholder, which holds power over the company. Corporate governance mechanisms can be internal and external to the corporation, the internal are: Board of Directors, audit committee, ownership structure, executive compensation, financial reporting in accordance with international standards published periodically and dividend distribution policy . The external are: possibility of hostile takeover, competitive labor market, protection laws for investors, cross-listings and accounting advice of financial reports made by external companies with renowned consultancy market. The mechanisms aim to achieve the basic principles of corporate governance: transparency, fairness, accountability and corporate responsibility. This study investigated the relationship between corporate governance and the financial performance of Brazilian companies listed on the BM&FBOVESPA between 2010 and 2014, representing the period after the global economic crisis triggered by securities US subprime, in the second half of 2008 and previous economic and political crisis in Brazil, which began in 2015. It was used the IGC governance index developed by Silva and Leal (2005) to measure governance. And the financial performance of the companies was measured by the variables: Q-Tobin and economic profit rate. The model used tools that reduce the endogeneity and reverse causality, which are: insert control variables and use the system GMM (Generalized method of moments) estimator as regression method. The results confirmed the expected by the literature as the corporate governance index positively influenced the performance of the company. For the variable TLE the result was statistically significant at the 5% level, which makes it reliable. As for the Q-tobin variable, although also have positive relationship with governance, statistical analysis was not robust to be able to exercise some confirmation about the result. Finally, research has found improved corporate governance in companies over the years and improvement over other research from previous years.
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Basset, Pierre. "Aspects éthiques des situations de refus et arrêt de traitement." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS015/document.
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Résumé : L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier ce qui amène une personne malade à formuler un refus de traitement, à partir d’une triple approche. Celle du patient et de ses proches, celle des professionnels confrontés à ce refus, celle d’un groupe de réflexion éthique, pluri professionnel, rassemblant des représentants des sciences humaines, ainsi que des « citoyens ordinaires » non professionnels de santé, apportant le regard de la cité. Chercher le sens d’un refus consiste à analyser et décrypter une volonté de la personne que quelque chose se produise ou ne se produise pas, et correspond à la dialectique du don et de l’acceptation du soin. Refuser un traitement n’est pas refuser un soin. Les situations de refus constituent un champ de réflexion sur nos comportements, individuels et collectifs, nos doutes, nos incertitudes ainsi que sur des valeurs en conflit. Ce travail étudie la complexité des problèmes rencontrés à ce sujet en pratique clinique quotidienne, pour en approfondir le questionnement dans l’interaction qui se joue entre les différents acteurs. Il montre aussi l’importance des méthodes de travail à mettre en place pour favoriser l’éthique du dialogue. Face aux choix auxquels sont confrontés ceux qui assument la responsabilité de la décision, la question se pose de savoir vers quelles ressources se tourner pour favoriser la réflexion éthique, évitant l’arbitraire des convictions personnelles<br>Abstract : The objective of this work is to study what brings a sick person to formulate a refusal of treatment, based on a three-pronged approach. One of the patient and his relatives, one of professionals faced with this refusal, and one of a multi-professional ethics reflection group, bringing together representatives of humanities and social sciences, as well as “ordinary citizens”, bringing the outside eye of the city. Looking for the meaning of a refusal consists of analyzing and decoding a willingness of the person that something happens or does not happen, and corresponds to the dialectic of the gift and acceptance of the care. To refuse a treatment doesn’t mean refusing care. Situations of refusal pave the way for reflection about our individual and collective behavior, our doubts, our uncertainties as well as conflicting values. This work explores the complexity of such problems encountered in daily clinical practice, in order to deepen the questioning about the interaction played between the different actors. It also shows how important it is to working methods that promote the ethics of dialogue. Considering the choices faced by those who assume the responsibility for the decision, the question arises of which resources to use to promote ethical reflection, avoiding the arbitrary nature of personal convictions
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Ohmer, Whitney S. "Generational Differences in the Workplace: How Does Dissimilarity Affect the Different Generations in Relation to Work Teams?" Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1421852575.
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Wilde, Shannon Vincent. "Value Conflicts in Psychotherapy: Psychology Graduates' Perspectives." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1653.
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Although psychotherapy has been viewed historically as value-neutral, developments over the last half-century have led to the generally accepted position that values are inescapable in therapy. However, many questions remain as to how values should be managed in psychotherapy in order to protect client autonomy. These issues are of particular concern to training programs, which bear the responsibility of instructing new psychologists in ethical values management and of helping trainees manage personal values when those values are in conflict with those of their clients or with the values of the field in general. One aspect that has not previously been investigated is the perceptions of trainees around value-related issues. This study used qualitative research methods to investigate the perceptions of recent psychology graduates regarding the role of values, value management strategies, training in value-related areas, and the resolution of value-related dilemmas. Seventeen recent graduates from Counseling Psychology, Clinical Psychology, or Professional Psychology doctoral programs were interviewed. Their responses led to following nine themes: 1. Psychology graduates disagreed about appropriate roles for therapist values. 2. Value differences between therapist and client were seen as both potentially harmful and potentially helpful. 3. Participants reported using different strategies to manage value differences. 4. Most participants felt it might be acceptable to influence a client to change their values in certain situations. 5. Participants did not report preferences regarding the value similarity of their clients and reported varying reactions to value differences. 6. Participants disagreed on whether trainees should be required to see clients with very different values. 7. Participants generally felt positive about their training experiences, but recommended more practical instruction in values management. 8. Participants' experiences with race and religion suggested unique training concerns. 9. Value-related decisions were seen as contextually grounded and based primarily on perceptions of beneficence. It is hoped that these findings further the dialogue on appropriate value management strategies in therapy and assist training programs in evaluating the training they provide students in areas of value differences and value conflicts.
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Sitniece, Katrīna Marija. "The Power of Values in Determining Interstate Threat Perception." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445527.
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Interstate threat perception plays a vital role in peace and conflict, having the potential to lead to pre-emptive war. Despite the significance of the theme, little is known about the elements and mechanisms at play guiding threat perception at the state level. This study contributes to said gap by focusing on values as the driver of threat perception. The argument explores the regional constraints of threat perception, focusing on regional military interventions and their effects on the threat perception of the states within said region. Thus, the paper addresses the question of what role value congruence plays in interstate threat perception following a regional military intervention. The paper hypothesises that a higher perceived value congruence between the perceiving state and the intervening state lowers the degree of threat perception. Noting data limitations and isolation challenges, the study finds support for this hypothesis by exploring the case of 2014 Russian intervention in Ukraine and its effects on Belarus, Poland, and Sweden.
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Pekki-Erikkila, Susanna Terhikki. "Personal values and value conflicts in the work environment : a study of subjective experience." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397766.
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Icassatti, Silvia de Sousa Beda. "CONSELHO TUTELAR E ESCOLA: RELAÇÃO FRAGILIZADA NA DEFESA DO ESTATUTO DA CRIANÇA E DO ADOLESCENTE." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2010. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2225.
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SILVIA DE SOUSA BEDA ICASSATTI.pdf: 1087405 bytes, checksum: 38c1bd6d53597155f21e059530954826 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-12-17<br>The Brazilian legislation on the rights of children and adolescents requires the
integration between Guardian Council and School for necessary action, all aimed at
preventing any possibility of frustration in compliance with the Statute of the Child
and Adolescent by such institutions. Thus, this study aimed to reflect on the
institutional relationship that compromises undermined the effectiveness of public
policies relating to the rights of Children and Adolescents. The methodology of
scientific nature and empirical research literature is based on theoretical and
qualitative analysis of the concepts of authors related to education and rights for
young people, by the documental analysis of the Guardian Council and public
schools and the field research by which one can know the reality of such institutions
in the Eastern Region of Goiania, considering the cases involving school notified the
Council, relating to the period 2008-2009. One can therefore say that the Guardian
Council and the School, subject to the neoliberal economic paradigm-capitalist force
that minimizes the power of the state and destabilizes society as a whole
experiences a conflict in which each institution to deal with your paper, it is imposing
on the other affecting the system guarantees the protection network. Given the social
issue of childhood and adolescent goianiense and around the country, it can be
stated that by not constitute allies, the school and the agency itself neglect their
duties to guarantee rights and protection of children and adolescents as an absolute
priority.<br>A legislação brasileira sobre os direitos da criança e do adolescente, preconiza a
integração entre Conselho Tutelar e escola para as devidas providências, todas
destinadas a impedir qualquer possibilidade de frustração no cumprimento do
Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, por parte dessas instituições. Assim, o
presente estudo, objetivou a reflexão sobre essa relação interinstitucional fragilizada
que compromete a efetivação das políticas públicas inerentes aos direitos das
crianças e dos adolescentes. A metodologia adotada, de natureza científica e
empírica, constitui de uma pesquisa bibliográfica fundamentada na análise teóricoqualitativa
das concepções de autores relacionadas à educação e aos direitos
infanto-juvenis, da analise documental junto ao Conselho Tutelar e escolas públicas
municipais e da pesquisa de campo pela qual se pode conhecer a realidade dessas
instituições da Região Leste de Goiânia, considerando os casos envolvendo
escolares notificados no Conselho, relacionados ao período 2008-2009. Pode-se,
portanto, afirmar que o Conselho Tutelar e a escola, submetidos ao paradigma
econômico-capitalista neoliberal vigente, que minimiza o poder do Estado e
desestabiliza a sociedade como um todo, vivencia uma situação de conflito no qual
cada instituição, ao lidar com o seu papel, torna-se imponente sobre a outra
comprometendo o sistema de garantias da rede de proteção. Diante da questão
social da infância e adolescência goianiense e de todo o País, pode-se afirmar que
por não se constituírem aliados, a escola e o próprio Conselho Tutelar negligenciam
suas atribuições de garantir direitos e proteção as crianças e adolescentes como
prioridade absoluta.
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Aldred, Jonathan Simon. "Value conflicts in environmental decision-making." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343404.
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Wilde, Shannon Vincent. "Value conflicts in psychotherapy : psychology graduates'perspectives /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2739.pdf.
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Giacomini, Rose Leine Bertaco. "Conflito identidade e territorialização. Estado e comunidades remanescentes de quilombos do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape-SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-28012011-132054/.
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Resgatar a identidade de remanescentes de quilombos e sua ancestralidade foi a oportunidade encontrada pelas comunidades rurais negras, no Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, para superar os conflitos que emergiram na região, após a abertura política para o desenvolvimento territorial, a partir dos anos de 1950. Ao mesmo tempo, encontraram, no processo de valorização da memória, o resgate e a valorização das tradições que são o suporte para as mudanças necessárias no presente. Os conflitos surgiram no Vale do Ribeira em torno da posse e da propriedade da terra, por consequencia da introdução das políticas públicas e, como desígnio desse processo, destacaram-se as territorialidades das comunidades de quilombos, uma vez que esses grupos resistiram às pressões sofridas e conseguiram manter o modo de vida tradicional contíguo ao território que já era ocupando por seus ancestrais, há mais de cem anos. O direito constitucional conquistado por força da luta do movimento negro, em defesa da propriedade das terras quilombolas no Brasil, trouxe para as comunidades rurais negras uma garantia em defesa de seus direitos étnicos e culturais. Esta pesquisa teve o propósito de estudar as comunidades de quilombos, no Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, pelo fato de nessa região, estar concentrada grande parte desses grupos e, de uma forma mais ampla, foi onde se deu o inicio da luta do movimento quilombola no Estado de São Paulo, na busca de seus direitos. Motivados pela ameaça de construção da Hidrelétrica-Tijuco Alto, no Rio Ribeira, e pela criação das Unidades de Conservação sobre seus territórios, que provocaram mudanças nos seus modos de vida, essas comunidades cobraram do Estado o cumprimento do artigo constitucional em defesa de seus direitos.<br>Redemmthe identity of former quilombo and his ancestry was found found by the opportnity to rural black communities in the Ribeira Valley Iguape to Excel to the conflicts that emerged in the region after the political opening for territorial development from the 1950s. Ad while they found the process of recovery of memory, the rescue and recovery of traditions, which are support for the necesary changes in the present. Conflicts have arise in the Ribeira Valley over the ownership of land and property, as consequence of the introduction of public policies and how to design this process stood ou the territoriality of public policies and how to design groups resisted the intense pressure and managed to maintain, the traditional way of life to the contiguous territory that was already occupied by their ancestors for more than one hundred years. The constitutional right eamed by virtue of the struggle of the black movement in Brazil in defense of tenure Maroons brought to a rural blach communities in defending their warranty rigts and ethnic culture. This research aimed to explore the communities directiy inthe Ribeira Valley Iguape because this region is concentrated most of these groups, and more broadly where it was made the early struggle of the maroon in the State of Sao Paulo in defense of their. Motivated by the threat of construction of the Hydroelectric Tijuco Alto Rio Ribeira, and the cration of protected area on their territory that has led to changes in their lifestyles these communities forced the State to fulfill the constitutional article in defese of their lands.
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Paul, Leocordia. "Values and conflict in initial teacher education." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/798096/.
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Dos, reis Vignon Edihno. "Les conflits d'intérêts en droit extrapatrimonial de la famille." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAD006/document.
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En raison de la montée de l’individualisme, on constate que le droit de la famille se résume de plus en plus à une collection de prérogatives individuelles au détriment de l’idée d’un droit de groupe.Or, en fixant sur la tête de chaque membre de la famille des valeurs par le canal des droits subjectifs et des libertés civiles, le législateur semble oublier que les membres d’une même famille vivent aussi, les uns pour les autres, les uns avec les autres. Partant, lorsque dans le cadre familial les individus poursuivent des intérêts divergents, chacun invoque les prérogatives individuelles, que le droit met à sa disposition, pour obtenir gain de cause.Face à ces conflits d’intérêts en droit de la famille, notre droit contemporain s’épuise dans leur régulation et peine à proposer une vision d’ensemble surtout à une époque où la logique des droits fondamentaux tend de plus en plus à brouiller les arbitrages clairs arrêtés par le législateur.Partant de cette absence de vision globale dans le traitement des conflits d’intérêts en droit de la famille, il sera principalement question, dans le cadre de cette étude, de s’interroger sur la possibilité de restaurer une vision d’ensemble à une régulation de plus en plus empirique des conflits d’intérêts en droit de la famille ; en d’autres termes, il convient de se demander si au sein du désordre qui règne en la matière, il est possible d’apporter un peu de sécurité juridique à travers l’identification de critères d’arbitrage clairs et pertinents<br>Due to the rise of individualism, we observe that family law sums increasingly up to a collection of individual prerogatives to the detriment of a group right.However, by assigning some values to each member of the family through subjective rights and civil liberties, the legislator seems to forget that members of the same family also live for each other, with each other. Accordingly, when individuals of the same family pursue antagonist interests, each relies on individual prerogatives, which the law makes available, to win the case.Faced with these conflicts of interest in family law, our contemporary law runs out to regulate them and hardly offers an overview, especially at a time when the logic of human rights tends more and more to blur the clear arbitration agreed by the legislature.Based on this lack of overall vision for the regulation of conflicts of interest in family law, we will mainly consider the possibility of restoring an overview of an increasingly empirical regulation of conflicts of interest in family law; in other words, it is necessary to try and find some legal security, in this messy situation, by identifying clear and relevant arbitration
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Manno, Annette Christine. "Teaching about conflict and values through children's literature." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1526.
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Smith, Jennifer Marion. "Resolving inter-cultural value conflicts in Canadian healthcare practice." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq27378.pdf.
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Loukaki, Argyro. "Greece : ancient ruins, value conflicts, and aspects of development." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282654.
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Leonard, Pauline E. "Understanding the dimensions of school culture, an investigation into educators' value orientations and value conflicts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0014/NQ28290.pdf.
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