Academic literature on the topic 'Value added – Case studies'

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Journal articles on the topic "Value added – Case studies"

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Bootsma, Margien C., Walter J. V. Vermeulen, Jerry van Dijk, and Paul P. Schot. "Added Value and Constraints of Transdisciplinary Case Studies in Environmental Science Curricula." Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 21, no. 3 (March 4, 2013): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csr.1314.

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Franken, Jason R. V., Joe L. Parcell, Michael E. Sykuta, and Christopher L. Fulcher. "Market Integration: Case Studies of Structural Change." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 34, no. 2 (October 2005): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500008339.

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The grain/oilseed industry is undergoing considerable structural change through mergers and new value-added businesses, which raises price-related questions. We analyze the level of price integration prior to and following a merger between two grain firms and the start-up of a producer-owned ethanol facility. This research utilizes error correction vector autoregression analysis to compute market integration structural change effects. We find evidence that market integration initially increases with the merger, but deteriorates with time following the merger. We find no significant localized change in the level of price integration for the case of a new value-added business.
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Riratanaphong, Chaiwat, and Theo van der Voordt. "Measuring the added value of workplace change." Facilities 33, no. 11/12 (August 3, 2015): 773–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-12-2014-0095.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare performance measurement systems from the literature with current performance measurement approaches in practice to get a better understanding of the complex relationships between workplace change, added value and organisational performance. To be able to measure the added value of workplace change, a valid and reliable performance measurement system is needed to measure the impact of the work environment on organisational performance before and after the change. A second aim is to have a closer look at the appraisal of workplace change by the end users. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature traced various performance measurement systems with different performance areas and key performance indicators (KPIs). Three case studies were conducted, two in Thailand, and one in The Netherlands, to explore if and how these theoretical insights are applied in current practice. Due to the worldwide introduction of New Ways of Working, special attention is paid to employee satisfaction and perceived productivity support. Findings – Many performance criteria and KPIs from literature are used in practice. However, apart from the balanced scorecard, no performance measurement system from literature is literally applied. Regarding most issues, none of the organisations conducted a comparison of the impact of their real estate on organisational performance before and after the change. In one case only, both ex ante and ex post data were collected about the appraisal of change by the end users. Research limitations/implications – The number of cases is limited. Additional case studies in depth are needed to get a wider picture of practice. Besides, still much work has to be done to operationalise the performance criteria. Practical implications – The performance measurement systems that were found in theory and practice can be used as input to value adding management of facilities. Based on the findings, a step-by-step procedure is presented to facilitate the selection of prioritised KPIs. Originality/value – This research connects the concepts of performance measurement and adding value by workplace change with data from two different continents.
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Jankalová, Miriam, and Jana Kurotová. "Sustainability Assessment Using Economic Value Added." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010318.

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Sustainability assessments should be based on financial and non-financial indicators. To describe the financial situation of companies and to calculate the actual economic profit of a company, the Economic Value Added methodology appears as a suitable solution. The aim of the paper is to apply the Economic Value Added methodology to real-life corporate data and present the company’s value through a case study. This study is based on information that was gathered through an extensive literature review (research publications and research studies (documents) about sustainability, corporate social responsibility, Sustainable Value concept, and Economic Value Added (EVA) methodology; and the company’s financial statements with notes of the selected company) using Internet and research databases and the author’s own experience. Methods of analysis, comparison, selection, abstraction, induction, deduction, determination, and statistics were used. In addition to the positives, this evaluation method also has negatives, including limitations (problems) in measuring a company’s value.
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Buhr, Brian L. "Case Studies of Direct Marketing Value-Added Pork Products in a Commodity Market." Review of Agricultural Economics 26, no. 2 (June 2004): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9353.2004.00175.x.

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Shamsu Anuar, Mohamad Aqil, and Muhamad Arifpin Mansor. "APPLICATION OF VALUE STREAM MAPPING IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY." Journal of Modern Manufacturing Systems and Technology 6, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmmst.v6i2.8561.

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Today, the automotive industry is becoming one of the essential industries in a country due to high demand from customers. This increasing demand also causes the companies in the manufacturing industry to be exposed to increasing challenges with respect to cost-effectiveness, lead time, and quality of production systems. This situation also increases the waste that occurs in the production line which is basically due to poor plant processes where excessive movement and the high processing time occur. From the previous research that the current method to detect waste is not effective where most methods do not fulfill the same framework, conditions, objectives, level, or degree of completion of detecting waste in the production line. In this paper, effort is made to detect non value added in automotive industry using VSM. VSM entails the mapping the industry current process and evaluating it for waste and bottleneck by calculating value-added and non-value-added time. The data was collected from incoming warehouse until the outgoing warehouse. The data is also taken during the observed component as it passes through the machining,painting, assembly,final assemby and final inspection processes. Based on the analysis of bottlenecks, solutions are suggested, and a future state map is created. The lead time of the process is improved by 67% where the waste is reduce to 74% based on created map.
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Odera, Erica L. "Capturing the Added Value of Participatory Evaluation." American Journal of Evaluation 42, no. 2 (March 4, 2021): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214020910265.

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Narrative case studies have shown that, when people are involved in an evaluation of a program they are part of, it can change how they experience the program. This study used a quasi-experiment to test this proposition empirically in the context a participatory action research curriculum called Youth as Researchers. Half of all Youth as Researcher groups engaged in a participatory evaluation (PE) of their program experience through writing reflective essays, creating their own evaluation questions, and conducting peer interviews. The other half served as control groups and did not engage in the PE activities. Pre-/posttest surveys and focus group data were used to assess differences among the experimental and control groups. Study results show that participants in the experiment had important differences in their experiences in the program as a result of participation in the evaluation. Implications for future practice and research are also explored.
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Tesi, Niccoló, Sven J. Van der Lee, Marc Hulsman, Iris E. Jansen, Najada Stringa, Natasja van Schoor, Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, et al. "P2-134: THE ADDED VALUE OF EXTREME PHENOTYPES IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CASE-CONTROL STUDIES." Alzheimer's & Dementia 14, no. 7S_Part_13 (July 1, 2006): P719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.820.

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Hackel, Jennifer, and Jacqueline Fawcett. "Teaching and Learning From Case Studies: The Added Value of Using a Nursing Conceptual Model to Construct Cases." Nursing Science Quarterly 31, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318418774872.

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of applying Orem’s self-care framework practice methodology on the content and comprehensiveness of a case study about a woman who denied having self-care deficits. The discussion begins with presentation of the case as it might have been found in a classroom or health professions journal and contrasts this with application of Orem’s self-care framework practice methodology to illustrate how much more comprehensive the content of the case study is and how well it highlights the role of the primary care nurse practitioner in complex geriatric care. Through application of Orem’s practice methodology, the nurse practitioner is better able to address the high-level risk experienced by an older adult with complex comorbidities whose only initial complaint was “imbalance.”
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Birrell, Derek, and Deirdre Heenan. "Integrated care partnerships in Northern Ireland: added value or added bureaucracy?" Journal of Integrated Care 22, no. 5/6 (December 15, 2014): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-08-2014-0031.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore and assess the configuration, role and likely contribution of the new integrated care partnerships (ICPs) established in Northern Ireland. Design/methodology/approach – The approach is based on the assessment of policy background, strategy papers, implementation plans and initial activities of ICPs. Findings – ICPs have been created with limited powers and an unclear relationship with the existing system of structurally integrated health and social care. The initial priorities and activities of ICPs suggest a focus on integrating health which may impede the further integration of health and social care. Research limitations/implications – Paper concludes there is a need for robust evaluation including monitoring of progress, performance and outcomes. Originality/value – First published paper on implementation of ICPs in Northern Ireland. Contributing to comparative studies of structures of health and social care, with particular relevance to integration.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Value added – Case studies"

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Harris, Shelley B. "A value-added approach to determine the relationships of mentoring to novice teacher classroom effectiveness." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9773/.

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The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between scores of the new teachers' classroom effectiveness with numerical indexes of mentor support, mentor infrastructure, and workplace ecology. In addition, this study sought to determine the effect of various demographics (i.e., gender, age, race, degree, teaching level, and certification route) on the Classroom Effectiveness Index (CEI) scores of first-year teachers, and to determine the differences, if any, between the Classroom Effectiveness Index scores of first-year teachers who remained on campus, switched campuses, or left the district. This study is primarily correlational in nature - looking for relationships between quantifiable variables. The subjects are 68 first-year teachers. The mandatory mentoring program the subjects were involved in consisted of a paid, veteran teacher who worked on the same campus as the first-year teacher and assisted in instructional or behavioral needs. This study measured the impact of the first-year teachers' mentoring experiences to the Classroom Effectiveness Index scores and teacher retention. The findings suggest that the Classroom Effectiveness Index scores might not be an appropriate tool for uncovering which aspects of mentoring contribute to student achievement and retention. Adding the value-added measurement tool to the categories of mentor support (MS), mentor infrastructure (MI), and workplace ecology (WE), rendered no statistically significant results. Therefore, further research is necessary to continue to define the effective characteristics of mentoring and its impact on classroom effectiveness and retention.
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Xie, Yamin. "The value-added in strategic merger : A case study from Chinese port industry restructuring." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-34865.

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In the process of Chinese central companies’ restructuring, the strategic merger is becoming the popular trend nowadays. The thesis chooses a specific case of Shanghai International Port Group (hereafter referred to SIPG) stock swap absorption merging Shanghai Port Container Company (hereafter referred to SPCC) which is the listed subsidiary company of SIPG for initial public offering in the whole happened in 2006. From the two aspects of financial indicators and market reaction, the thesis uses the method of financial analysis and event study analysis to do the value-added research about the case. One purpose of the research is to measure the current and follow-up value-added at and after the merger. Another purpose of the research is to find whether the value-added measured is abnormal or reflects the true intrinsic value.

In this paper, the Economic Value-added (hereafter referred to EVA), the Market Value-added (hereafter referred to MVA) and the Future Growth Value (hereafter referred to FGV) are used to measure the current and follow-up value added at and after the stock swap absorption merger between SIPG and SPCC. Through the research on the pivotal time point, the horizontal comparison of the EVA, MVA and FGV in the same time point and the vertical comparison of the value-added among different time points are taken respectively, which puts the emphasis on the research of the value-added before and after the merger in 2006 (2005, 2006) and the follow-up two years value-added after merger (2007, 2008).The analysis finds that both the economic value-added and the market value-added after the merger are above zero. The research shows that the market value-added is far more than the economic value-added and the future growth value has high proportion in the market value, which indicates the market value-added is more caused by the market anticipation than the incremental true intrinsic value and the economic value.

In this paper, event research method is used to do the research about the market response / reaction on the stock swap absorption merger between SIPG and SPCC. The event study which is based on the historical data of stock transactions chooses the appropriate event window, observes the change of stock price, calculates the abnormal return (hereafter referred to AR) and cumulative abnormal return (hereafter referred to CAR), and then detects whether the market value-added of listed company is abnormal or not. The study concludes that the market has the positive reaction about share swap absorption merger between SIPG and SPCC. The event of share swap merger can assuredly bring short-term abnormal value-added.

Finally, through combining the research findings and focusing on the value-added of companies before and after the merger, the thesis proposes some suggestions to the value manager of companies from financial management, corporate strategy, market tactics and information asymmetry problem which can help value managers to realize the companies’ goal of maximizing the value.

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Singleton, Demian. "Value-added versus status comparative case studies of the utilization of student achievement data by public school systems /." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://library2.sage.edu/archive/thesis/ED/2009singleton_d.PDF.

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Monphongchai, Pimrutai. "Feasibility studies for production of value-added cheese." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003monphongchaip.pdf.

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Rostamkalaei, Seyedeh Anoosheh. "Value Added by Venture Capitalists: The Case of EDC." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24265.

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It is generally well understood that venture capital (VC) is an important and significant source of financing for small firms. Questions revolving around the increased likelihood of a firm backed by Venture Capitalists (VCs) to be export oriented have yet to be fully explored. Responding to this research gap, a sample of Canadian VC backed firms is used to compare the performance of Canadian VC firms in terms of facilitating internationalization among their portfolio companies. The particular reference of this study is Export Development Canada (EDC), a crown corporation mandated to promote export among Canadian firms. This research finds that EDC as a VC investor and export-oriented consultant has no association with the increased probability of exporting. Also, stage of the investment does not show any relationship with internationalization. These results run contrary to previous speculation that syndication of VCs increases the probability of internationalization among portfolio firms.
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Siira, T. (Tuula). "Value creation by enterprise systems value added resellers:the case of PLM systems VARs." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299490.

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Abstract This study examines value creation by value added resellers (VARs) in the context of the enterprise systems business, with particular respect to product lifecycle management (PLM) systems. The purpose of the study is to increase theoretical and empirical understanding of value creation in this specific context by integrating the enterprise systems theory, the software ecosystems theory, the software business model theory, and the value creation theory. The theoretical framework assumes the perspective of the VARs, and examines their interactions with customers and suppliers during the value creation process. The customers and suppliers are the parties that perceive the value created by the VAR. The primary objective is to determine how and why the VAR creates value in the perception of its customers and suppliers. The method includes a qualitative case study research strategy in which empirical data were collected primarily through interviews with highly knowledgeable informants within three VAR organizations, five customer organizations, and five supplier organizations. Each source viewed the scope of the research questions from a diverse perspective. As a result of the empirical analysis, value creation by the VAR value was connected to the VAR type, the value creation strategy, and the business model. The VAR's strategy results from synergy and synchronization with its PLM system. The customer-perceived value is, in part, the value created by the VAR-customer business relationship. It is also partially specific to the customer type. A VAR creates value for its customers because its product and service offerings fulfill customer needs, and because it offers abilities, knowledge, expertise, and experience of interest to its customers. The most advanced value creation occurs when the business relationship is a source of co-value creation that creates value for both parties. The supplier-perceived value is also partially specific to the supplier type. The VAR- supplier business relationship creates value for suppliers because the VAR extends the supplier’s market presence, offers market and customer knowledge, and creates new business opportunities. This study is context-dependent and geographically and culturally focused on Nordic countries. The results reflect the contexts of the three research cases and their geographical and cultural areas, and as such are not generalizable
Tiivistelmä Tutkimus keskittyy lisäarvoa tuottavien jälleenmyyjien (VAR) arvontuotantoon yritysjärjestelmien liiketoimintakontekstissa ja siinä erityisesti tuotteen elinkaaren hallintajärjestelmien liiketoimintakontekstissa. Tutkimuksen tarkoitus on lisätä sekä teoreettista että empiiristä ymmärrystä arvontuotannosta integroimalla yritystietojärjestelmä-, ohjelmistoekosysteemi-, ohjelmistoliiketoimintamalli- ja arvontuotantoteorioita. Teoreettisen viitekehyksen näkökulma on VAR:t sekä niiden vuorovaikutus asiakkaiden ja toimittajien kanssa arvontuotantoprosessin aikana. Asiakkaat ja toimittajat ovat niitä osapuolia, jotka havaitsevat VAR:n arvontuotannon. Tutkimuksen päätarkoitus on ymmärtää miten ja miksi VAR luo lisäarvoa asiakkailleen ja toimittajilleen. Tutkimusstrategia on laadullinen tapaustutkimus. Empiirinen materiaali on kerätty pääasiassa tekemällä haastatteluja kolmessa VAR-yrityksessä, sekä viidessä asiakasyrityksessä ja viidessä toimittajayrityksessä. Haastateltavilla oli hyvä ymmärrys tutkimuksen kohteesta. He arvioivat siihen liittyen tutkimuskysymyksiä useista eri näkökulmista. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että VAR:n arvon tuottaminen on riippuvainen VAR:n tyyppistä, sen arvontuotantostrategiasta sekä sen liiketoimintamallista. VAR:n strategia on synkronoitu sen PLM järjestelmätoimittajan strategiaan. Asiakkaan havaitsema arvo muodostuu osittain asiakkaan ja VAR:n välisen liikesuhteen tuottamasta arvosta. Lisäksi se on riippuvainen asiakkaan tyypistä. VAR tuottaa arvoa asiakkailleen, jos sen tuote- ja palvelutarjonta vastaa niiden tarpeita. Lisäksi se tuottaa arvoa, jos sillä on kyvykkyyksiä, tietämystä, asiantuntemusta ja kokemusta, joita sen asiakkaat tarvitsevat. Edistyneintä arvontuotantoa edustaa liikesuhteen mahdollistama yhteinen arvontuotanto, josta hyötyvät molemmat osapuolet. Arvontuotanto on osittain riippuvainen toimittajan tyypistä. VAR tuottaa arvoa toimittajilleen, koska se laajentaa niiden läsnäoloa markkinoilla, tuntee markkinat ja niiden asiakkaat sekä luo uusia liiketoimintamahdollisuuksia. Tutkimus on kontekstiriippuvainen. Se on maantieteellisesti ja kulttuurillisesti keskittynyt Pohjoismaihin. Tutkimuksen tulokset heijastavat kolmea tutkimustapausta ja niiden maantieteellistä ja kulttuurillista taustaa eikä sen takia ole sellaisenaan yleistettävissä
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Schiffler, Andreas. "New game physics : added value for transdisciplinary teams." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/923.

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This study focused on game physics, an area of computer game design where physics is applied in interactive computer software. The purpose of the research was a fresh analysis of game physics in order to prove that its current usage is limited and requires advancement. The investigations presented in this dissertation establish constructive principles to advance game physics design. The main premise was that transdisciplinary approaches provide significant value. The resulting designs reflected combined goals of game developers, artists and physicists and provide novel ways to incorporate physics into games. The applicability and user impact of such new game physics across several target audiences was thoroughly examined. In order to explore the transdisciplinary nature of the premise, valid evidence was gathered using a broad range of theoretical and practical methodologies. The research established a clear definition of game physics within the context of historical, technological, practical, scientific, and artistic considerations. Game analysis, literature reviews and seminal surveys of game players, game developers and scientists were conducted. A heuristic categorization of game types was defined to create an extensive database of computer games and carry out a statistical analysis of game physics usage. Results were then combined to define core principles for the design of unconventional new game physics elements. Software implementations of several elements were developed to examine the practical feasibility of the proposed principles. This research prototype was exposed to practitioners (artists, game developers and scientists) in field studies, documented on video and subsequently analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the elements on the audiences. The findings from this research demonstrated that standard game physics is a common but limited design element in computer games. It was discovered that the entertainment driven design goals of game developers interfere with the needs of educators and scientists. Game reviews exemplified the exaggerated and incorrect physics present in many commercial computer games. This “pseudo physics” was shown to have potentially undesired effects on game players. Art reviews also indicated that game physics technology remains largely inaccessible to artists. The principal conclusion drawn from this study was that the proposed new game physics advances game design and creates value by expanding the choices available to game developers and designers, enabling artists to create more scientifically robust artworks, and encouraging scientists to consider games as a viable tool for education and research. The practical portion generated tangible evidence that the isolated “silos” of engineering, art and science can be bridged when game physics is designed in a transdisciplinary way. This dissertation recommends that scientific and artistic perspectives should always be considered when game physics is used in computer-based media, because significant value for a broad range of practitioners in succinctly different fields can be achieved. The study has thereby established a state of the art research into game physics, which not only offers other researchers constructive principles for future investigations, but also provides much-needed new material to address the observed discrepancies in game theory and digital media design.
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Ntibanyurwa, Agnes. "The value added tax system: A case study of Rwanda." University of Western Cape, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7755.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)
Internationally, the Value Added Tax system is recognised as an appropriate tax system for countries like Rwanda,' w-h--o- ·n·-e-e--d-· s_ t_o i_n_cr ease the revenue tential of the tax system. . , _ ___ ,, _____.. .. --:.__.....--- _ _ Although_YAI.J~ considered to be a good tax SY.S.!~m .. itsmo~t_c9~_mon feature is that it ..... ... .... ~. . . .. .. . . , ·· ~ ... . . ·· --· --· . ···· ~·. ·~ .... ..... _ _ ,.._.,. ,_ ;>...,..., ............ _.~ · is regressive with respect to income fair. Despite this sho~~oll:1:~~~h-.Y.beI._ is considered to be a much . ··· . other consumption taxes.
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Norström, Johan, Erik Wange, and Morten Lundin. "Economic Value Added : Som investeringsstrategi under en ekonomisk recession." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-123044.

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Kinigoma, Dagogo Dixon. "Contextual influences on HRM homogeneity and heterogeneity in SMEs : a case study of high value-added and low value-added sectors." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2013. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6185/.

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This research draws attention to the problematic premises underpinning the UK government's policy goal of a competitive national economy predicated on the notion of a high skills. high value-added economic trajectory. In particular, the research highlights the limitations of the policy assumptions (inherent in the Investors in People standard) that formalised HRM practices in SMEs in high value-added sectors make them more competitive than those in low value-added sectors, which are frequently associated with informal HRM practices. The research compared the selection and recruitment, training and development, and appraisal and rewards practices of SMEs. The methodological approach adopted was constructivist, with the assumption that SME owner-managers are involved in constructing their own individual reality based on how they perceive the world around them. A case study strategy was adopted to examine the H R.M" practices of a purposive sample of six SMEs in high value-added (3) and low value-added (3) sectors. Data collection combined semi-structured in-depth interviews with document searches. It was found that HRM in the sample of SMEs in both sectors combined formality and informality; characterised by institutional contextual (i.e. homogeneous) and situational contextual (i.e. heterogeneous) practices. It is suggested that a situational contextual perspective is simplistic in that although it acknowledges the interplay between HRM formality and informality, it fails to take account of the homogenising influence of the institutional contexts of SMEs. Consequently, just as normative models of HRM seek to isolate SMEs from their operating contexts, the situational contextual perspective dislocates SMEs from their institutional contexts. Therefore, the research contributes by proposing an open systems model, which reflects the complexity of HRM in SMEs by integrating the institutional and situational contextual perspectives of HRM. In view of the complexity of the HRM practices of SMEs, the research suggests a shift away from a market-led approach to skills based on the HRM practices of individual SMEs, towards direct intervention through government regulation as the most likely path to an economy in a high skill, high value-added equilibrium in the UK.
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Books on the topic "Value added – Case studies"

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Bebi, Hoster. Value added tax (VAT) in SADC: Potential impact : case studies of Namibia & South Africa. Ausspannplatz, Windhoek, Namibia: Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit, 2001.

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Corporate strategy and firm growth: Creating value for shareholders. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2011.

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Meyer, N. Dean. The information edge. Toronto: Holt, Rinehart and Winston of Canada, 1986.

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E, Boone Mary, ed. The information edge: Now with the strategy tree planning methodology. 2nd ed. Toronto: Gage, 1989.

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Meyer, N. Dean. The information edge. New York: McGraw-Hill Bk. Co., 1987.

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Meyer, N. Dean. The information edge: Now with the strategy tree planning methodology. 2nd ed. Homewood, Ill: Dow Jones-Irwin, 1989.

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Meyer, N. Dean. The information edge. 2nd ed. Homewood, Ill: Dow Jones-Irwin, 1989.

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Meyer, N. Dean. The information edge. Toronto: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1987.

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Meyer, N. Dean. The information edge. Toronto: Gage, 1987.

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Fitz-Gibbon, Carol Taylor. The value added national project: Final report : feasibility studies for a national system of value-added indicators. London: School Curriculum and Assessment Authority, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Value added – Case studies"

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Guillermo-Ramirez, Martin. "The Added Value of European Territorial Cooperation. Drawing from Case Studies." In European Territorial Cooperation, 25–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74887-0_3.

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Akın, Ömer. "Fallingwater: A Celebrated Case of DAV Analysis." In Design Added Value, 23–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28860-0_3.

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Akın, Ömer. "The Commerzbank Tower: Analysis of Another Seminal Case." In Design Added Value, 125–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28860-0_11.

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Akın, Ömer. "The Swiss Re Tower: Analysis of a Seminal Case." In Design Added Value, 111–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28860-0_10.

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Hughes, Claire, and Gillian Saieva. "The Journey of Higher Degree Apprenticeships." In Applied Pedagogies for Higher Education, 243–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46951-1_11.

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Abstract Hughes and Saieva outline the history and rationale of the development of Higher Degree Apprenticeships (HDAs) as well as explore how to embed the real world ideologies to innovate curriculum. The necessity of strong support structures across the tripartite relationship to best meet the requirements of both apprentices and employers are also emphasised. The chapter will also review the added value that HDAs bring, not only to the individual apprentices, but to the organisations too, with the use of case studies and feedback from employers on the impact that the apprentice’s work-based learning journey. Reflections are provided on the lessons learnt so far and the chapter presents some of the main areas for consideration.
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Erlach, Klaus. "Case Studies." In Value Stream Design, 251–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12569-0_5.

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Nthambi, Mary, and Uche Dickson Ijioma. "Retracing Economic Impact of Climate Change Disasters in Africa: Case Study of Drought Episodes and Adaptation in Kenya." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1007–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_66.

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AbstractValuation studies have shown that drought occurrences have more severe economic impact compared to other natural disasters such as floods. In Kenya, drought has presented complex negative effects on farming communities. The main objective of this chapter is to analyze the economic impacts of drought and identify appropriate climate change adaptation measures in Kenya. To achieve this objective, an empirical approach, combined with secondary data mined from World Bank Climate Knowledge Portal and FAOSTAT databases, has been used in three main steps. First, historical links between population size and land degradation, temperature and rainfall changes with drought events were established. Second, economic impacts of drought on selected economic indicators such as quantities of staple food crop, average food value production, number of undernourished people, gross domestic product, agriculture value added growth, and renewable water resources per annum in Kenya were evaluated. Third, different climate change adaptation measures among farmers in Makueni county were identified using focused group discussions and in-depth interviews, for which the use of bottom-up approach was used to elicit responses. Findings from the binary logistic regression model show a statistical relationship between drought events and a selected set of economic indicators. More specifically, drought events have led to increased use of pesticides, reduced access to credit for agriculture and the annual growth of gross domestic product. One of the main recommendations of this chapter is to involve farmers in designing and implementing community-based climate change adaptation measures, with support from other relevant stakeholders.
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Zwart, Hub. "Psychoanalysing Technoscience." In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, 111–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84570-4_4.

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AbstractWhile the previous chapter discussed the shift from Hegelian dialectics to dialectical materialism, this chapter addresses the shift from dialectics to psychoanalysis, notably in France, paying due attention to the productive tensions between both approaches. After a concise exposition of Freudian psychoanalysis, focussing on Beyond the Pleasure Principle, the text in which Freud explicitly “plunged into the thickets” of modern biology (Gay, 1988, p. 401), I will extensively discuss the views of Gaston Bachelard and Jacques Lacan on technoscience. Building on a previous publication (Zwart, 2019a), where I already presented a psychoanalytic understanding of technoscience, which I don’t want to duplicate here (focussing on the oeuvres of Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, Gaston Bachelard and Jacques Lacan), I will now emphasise the continuity between dialectic and psychoanalysis, indicating how dialectics remains an important moment in Bachelard’s and Lacan’s efforts to develop a psychoanalysis of technoscience, both as a discourse and as a practice. In addition, I will elucidate the added value of this convergence by extrapolating it to three concrete case studies, one borrowed from particle physics and two from life sciences research: the Majorana particle, the malaria mosquito and the nude mouse.
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Dent, Benjamin, and Ray Collins. "Case studies." In A manual for agribusiness value chain analysis in developing countries, 56–103. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249361.0003.

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Abstract This section illustrates Value Chain Thinking (VCT) in practice, using a combination of our development project experiences and Australia Awards Africa case studies that we have mentored. It provides case studies on which VCT has been put into practice: These examples cover: aquaculture on Lake Victoria, Kenya; Pakistani mangoes; Ghanaian pineapples; livestock value chains covering Madagascan goats, Ugandan rabbits, Ghanaian guinea fowl, Nigerian catfish and Kenyan indigenous chicken; and vegetable value chains in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Malawi and Mozambique. Then the researchers offer two novel applications of VCT: (1) to improve children's nutrition in Madagascar, Cameroon and Zambia, as well as value chain members' livelihoods; and (2) to design and operate the Ghana Green Label scheme for food certification covering both safety and environmental assurances.
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Kathol, Roger G., Katherine Hobbs Knutson, and Peter J. Dehnel. "Organizing and Implementing Value-Added Integrated Case Management." In Physician's Guide, 173–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28959-5_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Value added – Case studies"

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Reiser, C., T. Bird, and M. Whaley. "Added value of acquired broadband seismic for interpretation and quantitative interpretation: case studies review." In EAGE Workshop on Broadband Marine Seismic Data. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201412449.

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Putranti, Titi, and Kirana Putri. "Value Added Tax Planning on The Transfer of Outsourcing Services (Case Study: CJ Enterprise)." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Administrative Science, Policy, and Governance Studies, ICAS-PGS 2019, October 30-31, Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-10-2019.2299393.

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Imrie, Andrew, Maciej Kozlowski, Omar Torky, and Aditya Arie Wijaya. "Full Well Corrosion Insight – Case Studies in the Added Value of Electromagnetic Thickness Measurements During Well Interventions." In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204431-ms.

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Abstract Monitoring pipe corrosion is one of the critical aspects in the well intervention. Such analysis is used to evaluate and justify any remedial actions, to prolong the longevity of the well. Typical corrosion evaluation methods of tubulars consist of multifinger caliper tools that provide high-resolution measurements of the internal condition of the pipe. Routinely, this data is then analyzed and interpreted with respect to the manufacture's nominal specification for each tubular. However, this requires assumptions on the outer diameter of the tubular may add uncertainty, and incorrectly calculate the true metal thicknesses. This paper will highlight cases where the integration of such tool and electromagnetic (EM) thickness data adds value in discovering the true condition of both the first tubular and outer casings. These case studies demonstrate the use of a multireceiver, multitransmitter electromagnetic (EM) metal thickness tool operating at multiple simultaneous frequencies. It is used to measure the individual wall thickness across multiple strings (up to five) and operates continuously, making measurements in the frequency domain. This tool was combined with a multifinger caliper to provide a complete and efficient single-trip diagnosis of the tubing and casing integrity. The combination of multifinger caliper and EM metal thickness tool results gives both internal and external corrosion as well as metal thickness of first and outer tubular strings. The paper highlights multiple case studies including; i) successfully detecting several areas of metal loss (up to greater than 32%) on the outer string, which correlated to areas of the mobile salt formation, ii) overlapping defects in two tubulars and, iii) cases where a multifinger caliper alone doesn't provide an accurate indication of the true wall thickness. The final case highlights the advantages of integrating multiple tubular integrity tools when determining the condition of the casing wall. Metal thickness tools operating on EM principles benefit from a slim outer diameter design that allows the tools to pass through restrictions which typically would prevent ultrasonic scanning thickness tools. Additionally, EM tools are unaffected by the type of fluid in the wellbore and not affected by any non-ferrous scale buildup that may present in the inside of the tubular wall. Combinability between complementary multifinger caliper technology and EM thickness results in two independent sensors to provide a complete assessment of the well architecture.
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Sugianto, Iwan, and Asep Saeful Falah. "The Analysis of Financial Performance by Using Economic Value Added (EVA) Method and Financial Value Added (FVA) Case Studies on Manufacturing Companies Cosmetics and Household Sub-Sector Listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange During 2014-2016." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Economics, Business, Entrepreneurship, and Finance (ICEBEF 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icebef-18.2019.165.

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Hai¨k, P., C. Bauby, J. Lonchampt, and E. Remy. "Asset Management Evaluation: Extended Pilot Case Studies." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26354.

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The long term management of a production asset raises several major issues among which rank the technical management of the plant, its economics and the fleet level perspective one has to adopt. Decision makers are therefore faced with the need to define long term policies (up to the end of asset operation) which take into account multiple criteria including safety (which is paramount) and performance. In this paper we first remind the reader of the EDF three-level methodology for asset management. As introduced in PVP 03 [1] and PVP 04 [2], this methodology addresses the component/technical level (how to safely operate daily and invest for the future), the plant level (how to translate technical decisions into plant-wide consequences including economic performance) and the fleet level (how to manage a large number of similar assets). We then focus on the software tools — introduced in PVP 04 [2] and PVP 05 [4] — that implement this methodology in order to allow decision makers to define, evaluate and analyze long term plant operation and maintenance policies. Lastly we show how the methodology and the software tool were used, in 2006, on two pilot case studies. Examples of technical and economic results obtained at the plant level are described as well as the conclusions one can draw from them in order to help decision makers evaluate and analyze long term asset management strategies or compare different plants. We also analyze the added value of probabilistic evaluations and of our “rolling-up” process that allows to take into account interactions existing between the components of the plant. Finally, we introduce some of the possible uses of our methodology and tools.
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Jayaram, Uma, Sankar Jayaram, Charles DeChenne, Young Jun Kim, Craig Palmer, and Tatsuki Mitsui. "Case Studies Using Immersive Virtual Assembly in Industry." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57714.

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The Virtual Assembly Technology Consortium is a university/government/industry consortium that seeks to investigate the application of virtual assembly methods in mechanical system assembly processes. In this paper we report three categories of engineering case studies that have been developed by the consortium members over the past two years, describe the overall methodology, and then proceed to feature specific details of two key case studies. An engineering case study has been defined as an account of an engineering activity, event or problem containing some of the background and complexities actually encountered by an engineer, with the objective of providing a medium for learning. The objective of the case studies was to assist consortium members in demonstrating and validating the use of immersive virtual assembly technologies and tools in the simulation of factory floor manufacturing processes. What is of special significance is that instead of modeling simplified problems or perceived representative situations, the case studies were constructed from actual assembly floor projects and situations encountered at industry member sites and with considerable participation from industry engineers and manufacturing shop floor personnel. Based on the success of the case studies, the consortium members inferred that virtual assembly methods are poised to move out of the realm of special projects and test scenarios to deployment in the actual design and manufacturing cycle. However, in order to be truly accepted in industry, there are still issues to be addressed in terms of ease of use, portability of the applications, and preparation of the models for the evaluations. Thus, the case studies added a new dimension to the exploration and understanding of how this new technology could be of practical value in industry.
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Daramola, Babalola. "Optimising Oil Field Net Present Value with Produced Water Salinities and Tracers." In SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200941-ms.

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Abstract This paper presents case studies of how produced water salinity data was used to transform the performance of two oil producing fields in Nigeria. Produced water salinity data was used to improve Field B’s reservoir simulation history match, generate infill drilling targets, and reinstate Field C’s oil production. A reservoir simulation study was unable to history match the water cut in 3 production wells in Field B. Water salinity data enabled the asset team to estimate the arrival time of injected sea water at each production well in oil field B. This improved the reservoir simulation history match, increased model confidence, and validated the simulation model for the placement of infill drilling targets. The asset team also gained additional insight on the existing water flood performance, transformed the water flooding strategy, and added 9.6 MMSTB oil reserves. The asset team at Field C was unable to recover oil production from a well after it died suddenly. The team evaluated water salinity data, which suggested scale build up in the well, and completed a bottom-hole camera survey to prove the diagnosis. This justified a scale clean-out workover, and added 5000 barrels per day of oil production. A case study of how injection tracer data was used to characterise a water injection short circuit in Field D is also presented. Methods of using produced water salinity and injection tracer data to manage base production and add significant value to petroleum fields are presented. Produced water salinity and injection tracer data also simplify water injection connectivity evaluations, and can be used to justify test pipeline and test separator installation for data acquisition.
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Sörensson, Anna, and Ulrich Schmudde. "THE CONCEPT OF SHADOW DESTINATION & VALUE CREATION." In Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe 2021: ToSEE – Smart, Experience, Excellence & ToFEEL – Feelings, Excitement, Education, Leisure. University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/tosee.06.47.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of the concept of shadow destinations. What added value do shadow destinations create for the main attraction in a region? How can a shadow destination create a value of its own? Methodology – The study was constructed as a qualitative multiple-case study. Five different shadow destinations in Sweden were selected based on stratified selection. Sweden was divided into five regions, and one destination from each region was identified. Data were collected through interviews, observations and written materials during 2019–2020. Findings – The findings show that shadow destinations are highly dependent on some sort of main attraction in the region. The results also show that there exist different types of relationships between the shadow destinations and the main attractions. The results also show that shadow destinations can create value for tourists in order to become more important for tourism in the region, as well as to become main destinations by themselves. Contribution – The theoretical contribution from this study shows that the concept of shadow destinations has not been addressed to any great extent in tourism research and that this concept requires further studies. This study makes a contribution to tourism development of shadow destinations.
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Suda, Sayaka, A. H. T. Shyam Kularathna, Shigeru Tabeta, and Ken Takagi. "A Case Study on Consensus Building With Fisheries for Offshore Wind-Power Generation in Japan." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-62588.

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Abstract Local fishery unions have a significant authority over the use of marine space in Japan. Building consensus with them on marine space use have been identified as significant barriers to development of offshore wind projects. Creating non-monetary benefits and adding value to the local fisheries is a required strategy for getting fisheries consensus for future offshore wind projects. Previous studies have proposed and evaluated several such benefit creation options. However, there still remains uncertainty of the effectiveness of such benefit creation options. This study aims to compare the local residents’ and fisheries’ preference of the benefit creation options by using questionnaire surveys and stakeholder interviews in three areas. Those valid responses have been selected for the preference analysis by using the DS-AHP multi criteria decision making model. This study shows that project location and other regional differences are significant factors of general residents’ attitudes of offshore wind projects. On the other hand, fishers, the most important stakeholders, preferred added values related to their fishing industry. Additionally, regional location and fishing method is found to have an impact on their preference.
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Modica, F., C. Pagano, V. Marrocco, and I. Fassi. "Micro-EDM Studies of the Fabrication of Customized Internal Fixation Devices for Orthopedic Surgery." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46489.

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The fabrication of personalized implants, tailored on patient needs, is a key issue for the future of several surgical fields. The presence of a prototyping service inside the hospital would be an added value for improving clinical activity. In this context, micro-Electro Discharge Machining is exploited to customize fixation devices in orthopedic surgery. An overview of the main devices is carried out in order to identify the main characteristics and to define the common fixation system specifications. The experimentation includes a technological evaluation of the proper micro-EDM technology, chosen according to the final design of the components. Two materials are investigated for the device fabrication: titanium and Si3N4-TiN ceramic composite. An optimization of the main technological parameters is performed in order to maximize the material removal rate ensuring the accuracy of the micro-features required. Finally, a test case is selected in order to evaluate the entire fabrication process chain.
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Reports on the topic "Value added – Case studies"

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Araya, Mesele, Caine Rolleston, Pauline Rose, Ricardo Sabates, Dawit Tibebu Tiruneh, and Tassew Woldehanna. Understanding the Impact of Large-Scale Educational Reform on Students’ Learning Outcomes in Ethiopia: The GEQIP-II Case. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2023/125.

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The Ethiopian education system has been very dynamic over recent years, with a series of large-scale education program interventions, such as the Second Phase of General Education Quality Improvement Project (GEQIP-II) that aimed to improve student learning outcomes. Despite the large-scale programs, empirical studies assessing how such interventions have worked and who benefited from the reforms are limited. This study aims to understand the impact of the reform on Grade 4 students’ maths learning outcomes over a school year using two comparable Grade 4 cohort students from 33 common schools in the Young Lives (YL, 2012-13) and RISE (2018-19) surveys. We employ matching techniques to estimate the effects of the reform by accounting for baseline observable characteristics of the two cohorts matched within the same schools. Results show that the RISE cohort started the school year with a lower average test score than the YL cohort. At the start of Grade 4, the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT) is lower by 0.36 SD (p<0.01). In terms of learning gain over the school year, however, the RISE cohort has shown a modestly higher value-added than the YL cohort, with ATT of 0.074 SD (p<0.05). The learning gain particularly is higher for students in rural schools (0.125 SD & p<0.05), which is also stronger among rural boys (0.184 SD & p<0.05) than among rural girls. We consider the implications of our results from a system dynamic perspective; in that the GEQIP-II reform induced unprecedented access to primary education, where the national Net Enrolment Rate (NER) rose from 85.7 percent in 2012-13 to 95.3 percent in 2019-20, which is equivalent to nearly 3 million additional learners to the primary education at a national level. This shows that learning levels have not increased in tandem with enrolment, and the unprecedented access for nearly all children might create pressure on the school system. Current policy efforts should therefore focus on sustaining learning gains for all children while creating better access.
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Attanasio, Orazio, David Phillips, and Laura Abramovsky. Value Added Tax policy and the case for uniformity: empirical evidence from Mexico. Institute for Fiscal Studies, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.ifs.2015.1508.

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Kimura, Fukunari, and Robert Baldwin. Application of Nationality-Adjusted Net Sales and Value Added Framework: The Case of Japan. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5670.

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Schlickman, Stephen. Transit Value Capture Coordination: Case Studies, Best Practices, and Recommendations. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/cutr-nctr-rr-2015-10.

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Bajaj, Pallavi, Kristina Baris, Patricia Georgina Gonzales, Christian Regie Jabagat, Janine Elora Lazatin, and Elaine Tan. A Case for Value-Added Exports in the Estimation of Export Diversification in Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220068-2.

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As economies integrate into global and regional value chains, these fragmented production structures may not be adequately reflected in diversification measurements. While an assessment of export diversification using gross exports provides insight into the direct exports of a trading economy, it does not tell the full story. Using both gross exports and value-added exports can better inform policy decisions and enable exporting economies to carve their niche in increasingly digitally-enabled value chains.
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Azurmendi, A., C. Llorens, N. López Vidales, and JJ Bas Portero. Audience participation as added value for public service proximity television. The case study of ETB 2’s La noche de… Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2015-1056en.

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Jennings, Steve, Erinch Sahan, and Alex Maitland. Fair Value: Case studies of business structures for a more equitable distribution of value in food supply chains. Oxfam; 3Keel, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2017.2234.

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Boustati, Alma. The Advantages and Disadvantage of Double Taxation Agreements for Developing Countries. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.143.

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When a developing and a developed country sign Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs), its generally the case that the developing country is the one that forgoes some of its tax revenues (Braun & Fuentes, 2016). Nevertheless, developing countries enter these agreements on the assumption that this will have enough economic benefits to offset these losses (Neumayer, 2007). Besides alleviating the burden of double taxation, DTAs also have the added value of improving exchange of information, which helps combat tax evasion and avoidance (Barthel et al., 2009). One of the incentives for signing DTAs for developing countries is the increase in Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) (Neumayer, 2007). The evidence from the literature on the link between signing DTAs and increasing FDIs is very mixed, with some finding a positive impact and others finding no impact (Quak & Timmis, 2018). However, the literature points to some clear factors that drive the relationship between FDIs and DTAs. There are also studies that attempt to quantify the tax revenue loss of developing countries when they enter DTAs. All the studies find substantial negative loss, although most do not account for the potential benefit of increased FDIs (ActionAid, 2016; IMF, 2014; Janský & Šedivý, 2018; McGauran, 2013; Van de Poel, 2016). There are also other reasons for why developing countries may still commit to negotiate and enter DTAs even when the benefits are not guaranteed. This includes increasing diplomatic ties with the treaty partner and the incentive of receiving foreign aid (Braun and Zagler, 2017). The other is a prisoner’s dilemma situation. The two most prevalent DTA conventions are the OECD Model and the UN Model. The UN Model tends to be more advantageous for developing countries compared to the OECD Model (Eyitayo-Oyesode, 2020). There are many issues over which the UN Committee’s expert members from developed and developing countries disagree but developed country member are better at influencing decisions. Finally, the OECD Model is updated more frequently, resulting in the UN one being comparatively out of date (Hearson, 2015; Quak & Timmis, 2018). Generally, the literature on the impact of DTAs on developing countries’ economies is extensive. This is especially the case for the impact of DTAs on FDIs as well as on tax revenue loss. However, because of the complexity of these issues, many of the empirical studies inevitably suffer from methodological issues that make conclusive claims very difficult. Notably missing from the literature is the impact of DTAs on international trade.
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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Enhancing innovation in livestock value chains through networks: Lessons from fodder innovation case studies in developing countries. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896292130_05.

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Choudhary, D., I. Ghosh, S. Chauhan, S. Bahti, and M. Juyal. The Value Chain Approach for Mountain Development; Case Studies from Uttarakhand, India - ICIMOD Working Paper 2013/6. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.584.

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