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Journal articles on the topic 'Valorization process'

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Published: 8 June 2024

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1

Suharyatun, Siti, Muhammad Nauval Farisi, Winda Rahmawati, and Agus Haryanto. "Valorization of corncob through torrefaction process." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1034, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1034/1/012036.

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Abstract Corncobs is a waste of post-harvest corn processing that has great potential to be used as a source of renewable solid fuel. Its high moisture and volatile solids content produces a lot of smoke when corncob is burned, so it is rarely used as fuel. This study aims to improve the quality of corncob fuel through the torrefaction process. The corncob was naturally dried using sunrays for two days and cut into pieces of 1-3 cm in size. The torrefaction process was carried out using a cylindrical rotary reactor which operated at a speed of 30 RPM and was heated using an external heat source. The variations of torrefaction time were 30, 40, and 60 minutes. The parameters to be observed included moisture content, ash content, volatile content, calorific value, and hydrophobicity of materials. The results showed that the torrefaction process improved the quality of corncobs as seen from an increase in calorific value, an increase in hydrophobicity. In this study, the calorific value of the torrefied corncobs was 18.89 MJ/kg to 21.61 MJ/kg, which was higher than the caloric value of the non-torrefied corncobs of 17.66 MJ/kg. The torrefied corncobs are also more hydrophobic and absorb less water than the non-torrefied corncobs.

2

Acciardo, Elisa, Silvia Tabasso, Giancarlo Cravotto, and Samir Bensaid. "Process intensification strategies for lignin valorization." Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification 171 (January 2022): 108732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2021.108732.

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3

Tahar, N. Ben, and H. Mimoun. "Valorization of Loads Petroleum by Thermal Process." Asian Journal of Chemistry 25, no. 6 (2013): 3505–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.13535.

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4

Ruiz-Valencia, A., D. Benmeziane, N. Pen, E. Petit, V. Bonniol, M. P. Belleville, D. Paolucci, J. Sanchez-Marcano, and L. Soussan. "CO2 valorization by a new microbiological process." Catalysis Today 346 (April 2020): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2019.03.053.

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5

Nancib, Aïcha, Nabil Nancib, Abdenour Azzoug, Aissa Abed, Hocine Daba, Joseph Boudrant, Ellie R. Amirova, Tatiana V. Meledina, and Oksana V. Golovinskaya. "Valorization of residual yoghurt whey by lactic acid production: An optimized process." Journal International Academy of Refrigeration 15, no. 3 (2016): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21047/1606-4313-2016-15-3-13-17.

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6

Siedlecka, Ewa, and Jarosław Siedlecki. "Influence of Valorization of Sewage Sludge on Energy Consumption in the Drying Process." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 26, 2021): 4511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154511.

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Valorization of digested sewage sludge generated in a medium-sized sewage treatment plant and the effect of valorization on energy consumption during sludge drying used for energy recovery are presented. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge reduces dry matter content compared to raw sludge. This lowers its calorific value leading to the lower interest of consumers in using it as fuel. The aim of the study was to valorize digested sewage sludge prior to drying with high-energy waste with low moisture content. The procedure led to the reduction in moisture content by about 50% in the substrate supplied for solidification and drying. The calorific value of digested sewage sludge increased by 50–80%, and the energy consumption of the drying process decreased by about 50%. Physical and chemical properties of sewage sludge and moisture content of substrates and mixtures after valorization were determined. The heat of combustion of valorized sewage sludge mixtures, their elemental composition, and ash content is investigated. Their calorific value in the analytical and working states of 10% H2O was calculated. The highest calorific value was obtained for the mixture of sewage sludge valorized with waste plastics or combined with wood dust, averaging 23 MJ/kg. A mathematical approximation of sewage sludge valorization is presented.

7

Thai, Mai. "Policing and Symbolic Control: The Process of Valorization." American Journal of Sociology 127, no. 4 (January 1, 2022): 1183–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/718278.

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8

Conidi, C., A. Cassano, and E. Garcia-Castello. "Valorization of artichoke wastewaters by integrated membrane process." Water Research 48 (January 2014): 363–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.047.

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9

Salgado-Ramos, Manuel, Silvia Tabasso, Emanuela Calcio Gaudino, Andrés Moreno, Francesco Mariatti, and Giancarlo Cravotto. "An Innovative, Green Cascade Protocol for Grape Stalk Valorization with Process Intensification Technologies." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (July 23, 2022): 7417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157417.

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Valorization of agri-food residues to produce bio-based platform chemicals will enhance the transition to the bio-economy era. To this end, a sustainable process has been developed for the overall valorization of grape stalks (GS) according to a circular approach, starting from the lignin fraction to further deal with the cellulose-rich residue. This non-conventional protocol fully adheres to green chemistry principles, exploiting the so-called enabling technologies—mainly ultrasound and microwaves—for energy-saving innovative processes. Firstly, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE, 40 kHz, 200 W) demonstrated to be an excellent technique for GS delignification combined with natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs). Delignification enables isolation of the pertinent lignin framework and the potential to obtain a polyphenol-rich liquid fraction, focusing on the valorization of GS as source of bioactive compounds (BACs). Among the NaDESs employed, the combination of choline chloride (ChCl) and levulinic acid (LevA) (ChLevA) presented noteworthy results, enabling a delignification higher than 70%. LevA is one of the top-value biobased platform chemicals. In this work, a flash microwave (MW)-assisted process was subsequently applied to the cellulose-rich fraction remained after delignification, yielding 85% LevA. The regeneration of this starting compound to produce ChLevA can lead to a further biomass delignification cycle, thus developing a new cascade protocol for a full valorization of GS.

10

Gómez, James A., Luis G. Matallana, and Óscar J. Sánchez. "Towards a Biorefinery Processing Waste from Plantain Agro-Industry: Process Design and Techno-Economic Assessment of Single-Cell Protein, Natural Fibers, and Biomethane Production through Process Simulation." Fermentation 8, no. 11 (October 27, 2022): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8110582.

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The plantain agro-industry generates different residues in the harvest and post-harvest stages. Therefore, the design of processes for valorization is required. The aim of this work was to design and techno-economically evaluate the processes for the production of single-cell protein, natural fibers, and biomethane from plantain residues by process simulation in the framework of the design of a future biorefinery for valorization of these residues. The processes were simulated using SuperPro Designer. The scale size was calculated at 1,267,071 tons for the processing of plantain lignocellulosic waste (pseudostems) and 3179 tons for the processing of starchy waste (rejected unripe plantain fruits). The results obtained suggest that the best alternative for the valorization of plantain residues corresponded to the production of natural fibers, with a net present value of $29,299,000. This work shows that waste from the plantain agro-industry exhibits high potential as a feedstock for the production of value-added products. In addition, the process flowsheets simulated in this work can be integrated into the basic design of a biorefinery processing plantain waste.

11

Tropea, Alessia. "Food Waste Valorization." Fermentation 8, no. 4 (April 6, 2022): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8040168.

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During the industrial processing of agricultural or animal products, large amounts of waste are produced. These wastes, generated in large amounts throughout the seasons of the year, can be considered the most abundant renewable resources on earth. Due to the large availability and richness in components of these raw materials, there is a great interest in their reuse, both from an economical and environmental point of view. This economical interest is based on the fact that a high quantity of such wastes could be used as low-cost raw materials for the production of new value-added compounds, with a further production cost reduction. The environmental concern is derived from their composition, especially the agro-industrial wastes that can contain potentially toxic compounds, which may cause deterioration of the environment when uncontrolled wastes are either burned, left on the soil to decay naturally, or buried underground. Moreover, these materials exhibit both high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values and give rise to serious pollution problems if not properly discarded. Recycling and transformation of food wastes represent a great opportunity in supporting sustainable development by their conversion into value-added products through the fermentation process.

12

Bao, Hanxi, Zhiqiang Zhou, Georgios Kotsalis, Guanghui Lan, and Zhaohui Tong. "Lignin valorization process control under feedstock uncertainty through a dynamic stochastic programming approach." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 4, no. 10 (2019): 1740–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9re00176j.

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13

Quattrociocchi, Bernardino, F. Mercuri, and L. Pasqualino. "Valorization and Awareness of the Territory through Wastewater Treatment Process: The Project Life+Rewetland." Modern Environmental Science and Engineering 1, no. 6 (February 2016): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/06.01.2015/001.

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14

Ouyang, Xianhong, Xiaoming Huang, Bart M. S. Hendriks, Michael D. Boot, and Emiel J. M. Hensen. "Coupling organosolv fractionation and reductive depolymerization of woody biomass in a two-step catalytic process." Green Chemistry 20, no. 10 (2018): 2308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8gc00639c.

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15

Figueiró, Clarissa Gusmão, Angélica de Cássia Oliveira Carneiro, Lucas De Freitas Fialho, Carlos Miguel Simões Da Silva, and Letícia Costa Peres. "ENERGETIC VALORIZATION OF SAWMILL RESIDUES THROUGH SLOW PYROLISIS PROCESS." FLORESTA 49, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v49i1.57647.

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Brazil is a large producer of sawmill wastes, commonly used to supply boilers and produce energy. In order to reduce unwanted characteristics of the material, thermochemical conversions through carbonization is an alternative. The aim of this study is to characterize the energetic proprieties of raw biomass and pyrolyzed biomass of sawmill residues. In order to analyze the environmental impact in the emission of pyrolysis gases, the behavior of gases during the thermic treatment was determined. Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp. residues slow pyrolysis was performed in an electric kiln, whose gases were conducted through a condensable gas recovery system and an online gas analyzer. The charcoal, bio-oil and non-condensable gases yields were estimated. The wood’s and charcoal’s proximate analysis (extractives, lignin, holocellulosis, ash content), higher heating value, equilibrium moisture and density were appraised. The wood’s chemical components were esteemed. Hardwood and softwood’s charcoal presented several differences, especially in yields due to types of lignin. Hardwoods produce a higher amount of acetic acid in slow pyrolysis. This acid was converted, mainly, in carbon dioxide and e a minor extent in methane and carbon monoxide. The gas release was affected by the temperature and wood’s composition. The main gases resulting from the slow pyrolysis of wood are CO2, CO, CH4, H2. The emission of this gases to the atmosphere in addition to increasing the environmental impact caused by the industry is still a waste of energy that could be harnessed more efficiently. Pyrolysis increased the energetic characteristics of sawmill waste. However, in spite of the advantages of carbonization, ways to mitigate the emission of gases emitted in an operational scale should be evaluated.

16

Soreanu, G., M. Tomaszewicz, M. Fernandez-Lopez, J. L. Valverde, J. Zuwała, and L. Sanchez-Silva. "CO2 gasification process performance for energetic valorization of microalgae." Energy 119 (January 2017): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.12.046.

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17

Faid, M., H. Karani, A. Elmarrakchi, and A. Achkari-Begdouri. "A biotechnological process for the valorization of fish waste." Bioresource Technology 49, no. 3 (January 1994): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(94)90046-9.

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18

Castro-Muñoz, Roberto, and Jorge Yáñez-Fernández. "Valorization of Nixtamalization wastewaters (Nejayote) by integrated membrane process." Food and Bioproducts Processing 95 (July 2015): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2015.03.006.

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19

Meisel, Kathleen, Andreas Clemens, Christoph Fühner, Marc Breulmann, Stefan Majer, and Daniela Thrän. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of HTC Concepts Valorizing Sewage Sludge for Energetic and Agricultural Use." Energies 12, no. 5 (February 26, 2019): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050786.

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In many countries, sewage sludge is directly used for energy and agricultural purposes after dewatering or digestion and dewatering. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in additional upstream hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), which could lead to higher yields in the energetic and agricultural use. Twelve energetic and agricultural valorization concepts of sewage sludge are defined and assessed for Germany to investigate whether the integration of HTC will have a positive effect on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The study shows that the higher expenses within the HTC process cannot be compensated by additional energy production and agricultural yields. However, the optimization of the HTC process chain through integrated sewage sludge digestion and process water recirculation leads to significant reductions in GHG emissions of the HTC concepts. Subsequently, nearly the same results can be achieved when compared to the direct energetic use of sewage sludge; in the agricultural valorization, the optimized HTC concept would be even the best concept if the direct use of sewage sludge will no longer be permitted in Germany from 2029/2032. Nevertheless, the agricultural valorization concepts are not generally advantageous when compared to the energetic valorization concepts, as it is shown for two concepts.

20

Jindal, Manoj Kumar, and Mithilesh Kumar Jha. "Effect of process parameters on hydrothermal liquefaction of waste furniture sawdust for bio-oil production." RSC Advances 6, no. 48 (2016): 41772–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra02868c.

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21

Mollea, Chiara, and Fulvia Chiampo. "Valorization of Cocoa Husks: Pectin Recovery." International Journal of Food Science 2019 (April 1, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1212081.

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Food processing by-products are usually cheap and abundant and can be source of valuable molecules of great interest to various industries like the pharmaceutical or the food ones. In this frame, the husks of roasted cocoa beans, that are a by-product of the cocoa processing industry, can constitute a source of pectin. The recovery process has been already defined at laboratory scale with boiling acid extraction (pH 2.5). This process is suitable to recover a quantity of pectin, expressed as anhydro-galacturonic acid (AGA), around 8 g AGA/100 g dry husks; this pectin is characterized by low degree of methylation (%DM around 31) and acetylation degree lower than 2%. In this paper the effects of some operative conditions on pectin quantity and quality were studied, in order to optimize the parameters that can make the process economically competitive: the in-excess quantities of solvents and operation time were reduced, without altering yield and pectin characteristics. In particular, the extract was concentrated by 13.3%, the ethanol for pectin precipitation was reduced (ratio extract to ethanol equal to 1:4), and it was also demonstrated that a single washing with 40% ethanol is sufficient to obtain a purified product.

22

Putra, Filemon Jalu Nusantara, Prihardi Kahar, Akihiko Kondo, and Chiaki Ogino. "Valorization of Lignin and Its Derivatives Using Yeast." Processes 10, no. 10 (October 4, 2022): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10102004.

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As the third most plentiful biopolymer after other lignocellulosic derivates such as cellulose and hemicellulose, lignin carries abundant potential as a substitute for petroleum-based products. However, the efficient, practical, value-added product valorization of lignin remains quite challenging. Although several studies have reviewed the valorization of lignin by microorganisms, this present review covers recent studies on the valorization of lignin by employing yeast to obtain products such as single-cell oils (SCOs), enzymes, and other chemical compounds. The use of yeasts has been found to be suitable for the biological conversion of lignin and might provide new insights for future research to develop a yeast strain for lignin to produce other valuable chemical compounds.

23

Langone, Michela, and Daniele Basso. "Process Waters from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sludge: Characteristics and Possible Valorization Pathways." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 6618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186618.

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an innovative process capable of converting wet biodegradable residues into value-added materials, such as hydrochar. HTC has been studied for decades, however, a lack of detailed information on the production and composition of the process water has been highlighted by several authors. In this paper the state of the art of the knowledge on this by-product is analyzed, with attention to HTC applied to municipal and agro-industrial anaerobic digestion digestate. The chemical and physical characteristics of the process water obtained at different HTC conditions are compared along with pH, color, organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals and toxic compounds. The possibility of recovering nutrients and other valorization pathways is analyzed and technical feasibility constraints are reported. Finally, the paper describes the main companies which are investing actively in proposing HTC technology towards improving an effective process water valorization.

24

Palma, Alberto, Victor M. Doña-Grimaldi, Mercedes Ruiz-Montoya, Inmaculada Giráldez, Juan Carlos García, Javier Mauricio Loaiza, Francisco López, and Manuel J. Díaz. "MSW Compost Valorization by Pyrolysis: Influence of Composting Process Parameters." ACS Omega 5, no. 33 (August 12, 2020): 20810–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c01866.

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25

Parascanu, M. M., P. Sánchez, G. Soreanu, J. L. Valverde, and L. Sanchez-Silva. "Mexican biomasses valorization through pyrolysis process: Environmental and costs analysis." Waste Management 95 (July 2019): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.06.007.

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26

Ma, Jiaze, and Fengqi You. "Superstructure optimization of thermal conversion based poultry litter valorization process." Journal of Cleaner Production 228 (August 2019): 1111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.346.

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27

Tsaridou, Charikleia, Anthoula Karanasiou, Konstantinos V. Plakas, and Anastasios J. Karabelas. "Valorization of Anaerobic-Fermentation Liquid Digestates—Membrane-Based Process Development." Membranes 13, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030297.

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Complete valorization of various wastes and effluents, with significant organic content, remains a great challenge in the pursuit of a circular economy. The approach based on anaerobic fermentation, leading to valuable biogas production, has been broadly accepted and employed as an attractive processing scheme. However, despite notable research efforts, complete valorization of the digestates (involving recovery of nutrients/by-products and full recycling/reuse of treated water) requires additional work for sustainable process development. This study aims to make a contribution in this direction by demonstrating a systematic methodology for valorizing the liquid digestate. The proposed membrane-based processing scheme involves UF-membrane pretreatment of the liquid digestate (for sludge separation) and subsequent NF/RO membrane treatment for reuse/recycling of the permeate; the concentrate, enriched in “nutrients” (phosphate and ammonium compounds), can be utilized for soil fertilization, with further conditioning/processing. By performing targeted laboratory experiments and advanced simulations, the membrane-based process was developed to a relatively high technology-readiness level, including a pilot unit design/construction and preliminary testing with satisfactory results. Through pilot testing in industrial environment, further process development and optimization will be pursued, towards practical applications. The demonstrated methodology is also considered appropriate for systematic development of membrane-based processes to valorize/treat a variety of similar effluents.

28

Gueccia, Rosa, David Bogle, Serena Randazzo, Alessandro Tamburini, Andrea Cipollina, Daniel Winter, Joachim Koschikowski, and Giorgio Micale. "Economic Benefits of Waste Pickling Solution Valorization." Membranes 12, no. 2 (January 19, 2022): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12020114.

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An integrated hybrid membrane process, composed of a diffusion dialysis (DD), a membrane distillation (MD) and a reactive precipitation unit (CSTR), is proposed as a promising solution for the valorization and onsite recycling of pickling waste streams. An economic analysis was performed aiming to demonstrate the feasibility of the developed process with a NPV of about EUR 40,000 and a DPBP of 4 years. The investment and operating costs, as well as the avoided costs and the benefits for the company operating the plant, were analyzed with an extensive cost tracking exercise and through face-to-face contact with manufacturers and sector leaders. A mathematical model was implemented using the gPROMS modelling platform. It is able to simulate steady state operations and run optimization analysis of the process performance. The impact of key operating and design parameters, such as the set-point bath concentration and the DD and MD membrane areas, respectively, was investigated and the optimal arrangement was identified. Finally, operating variables and design parameters were optimized simultaneously in a nonlinear framework as a tradeoff between profitability and environmental impact. We show how the integration of new technologies into the traditional pickling industry could provide a significant benefit for the issues of process sustainability, which are currently pressing.

29

Luo, Yiping, Zhichen Zhao, Bin Jiang, Min Wei, Zheng Zhang, Lisha Zeng, James H. Clark, and Jiajun Fan. "An integrated process for the valorization of corn stover promoted by NaCl in a GVL/H₂O system." Green Chemistry 24, no. 4 (2022): 1515–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc03999g.

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30

Zdeb, Janusz, and Natalia Howaniec. "Energy Sector Derived Combustion Products Utilization—Current Advances in Carbon Dioxide Mineralization." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 29, 2022): 9033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239033.

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Carbon dioxide and combustion products are among the main waste streams deriving from the energy sector. Efficient and cost-effective methods of solid waste valorization and carbon capture, storage and utilization are needed in the transition period towards carbon neutrality in light of the recent scenarios forecasting energy demand and energy supply mix under dynamic social, economic and political circumstances. Within this paper, the current advances in carbon dioxide mineralization, combining carbon dioxide utilization and combustion products valorization, are presented in terms of the recognized methodological options of carbonation methods, process efficiency and effects on the process product properties. Special attention is given to the studies on the valorization of fluidized bed boilers fly ash, differing in a range of parameters from the conventional boilers fly ash, as well as the effects of the carbonation process on the stabilization and improvement of its properties and the resulting extended range of applicability. The relevant research fields needing further investigations, as well as the desired decision makers’ supporting actions, are also specified.

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Gallego, Rocío, Marina Martínez, Alejandro Cifuentes, Elena Ibáñez, and Miguel Herrero. "Development of a Green Downstream Process for the Valorization of Porphyridium cruentum Biomass." Molecules 24, no. 8 (April 20, 2019): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24081564.

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As the interest in biorefinery approaches is continuously increasing, new alternatives for the downstream valorization of biomasses are sought. Porphyridium cruentum microalga is a good natural source for a variety of interesting bioactive compounds, including carotenoids, phycoerythrin, and sulfated polysaccharides. In the present contribution, the use of compressed fluids-based techniques is explored towards the efficient and green extraction of bioactive compounds to valorize microalgal biomass. The extraction of carotenoids was first optimized using pressurized ethanol. The best extraction conditions involved the use of 125 °C for 20 min at 10.5 MPa. Subsequently, a sequential valorization process was devised based on the application of different steps directed towards the extraction of phycoerythrin, sulfated polysaccharides, and carotenoids, respectively. The applied pressurized conditions allowed the attainment of a good recovery of polar components without compromising the stability and extraction of carotenoids. Therefore, the proposed approach could be employed to obtain different bioactives from P. cruentum microalgal biomass employing green extraction processes.

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Manzo, Bruna Figueiredo, Helen Cristiny Teodoro Couto Ribeiro, Maria José Menezes Brito, and Marília Alves. "Nursing in the hospital accreditation process: practice and implications in the work quotidian." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 20, no. 1 (February 2012): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692012000100020.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the role and influence of nursing in the hospital accreditation process. It is a qualitative study, conducted in a private hospital of Belo Horizonte. The study subjects were nine nurses and 15 nursing technicians. Data collection was through semi-structured interviews, which were subjected to content analysis. The results showed that the role of the nursing team in the accreditation involves care, administrative, educational and research issues. The study subjects presented different perceptions regarding the influence of the accreditation process in their work. The positive aspects of personal growth and valorization of the curriculum were highlighted as well as negative aspects such as stress and little professional valorization. Therefore, it is necessary that the professionals understand the logic of the process and act with a view to the interdisciplinarity and overcoming the fragmentation of care, thus achieving integral healthcare and the quality of care desired.

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Dupont, David, and Koen Binnemans. "Antimony recovery from the halophosphate fraction in lamp phosphor waste: a zero-waste approach." Green Chemistry 18, no. 1 (2016): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc01746g.

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34

Rajaniemi, Kyösti, Sari Tuomikoski, and Ulla Lassi. "Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review." Resources 10, no. 12 (December 14, 2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources10120127.

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In the field of electrocoagulation (EC), various studies on pollutant removal and on the use of different EC technologies have already been made. An EC process generates sludge, which is considered waste, resulting in increased operational costs that come from waste disposal. Sludge contains valuable materials, such as the nutrients or metals removed during water purification, along with metals, such as aluminum or iron, which come from the electrodes used in an EC system. Based on the principles of circular economy or based on existing legislations, reducing the production of valuable wastes, and increasing the valorization rate of as many materials as possible are important endeavors. This study is mainly a review of the existing sludge valorization studies. This review highlights the valorization of sludge as a fertilizer (mainly as struvite), pigment, construction material (mainly as blocks), adsorbent, and catalyst. While it has already been found that EC sludge is valorizable, more studies on EC sludge valorization and on the quality of sludge produced from the effluent of EC processes are warranted.

35

Malpartida, Irene, Pedro Maireles-Torres, Valentin Lair, Samy Halloumi, Julien Thiel, and François Lacoste. "New High-Throughput Reactor for Biomass Valorization." Chemistry Proceedings 2, no. 1 (November 9, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eccs2020-07583.

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The development of an innovative and sustainable high-throughput reaction platform allows optimizing a wide range of chemical processes (materials synthesis and catalysis, among others) to tackle the Green Deal. This tool unifies, for the first time, the benefits of mechanical energy, thermal and pressure activation in continuous flow with an induction in situ heating system, facilitating the incorporation of inputs (liquids, solids and gases) with controlled pressure. As a result of the synergistic effect of this simultaneous activation, this technology will: (i) shorten reaction times; (ii) decrease temperature; (iii) improve reactions kinetics as mass transfer limitations are reduced; (iv) minimize the use of solvents; (v) decrease the reaction steps; (vi) increase the volume treated, enabling a real scale-up; and (vii) enhance the yields and/or selectivity. This new high-throughput reactor is used for the synthesis of calcium diglyceroxide (CaDG), minimizing the reaction steps and cost, to obtain a pure CaDG. This heterogeneous catalyst is used for biodiesel production and valorization of the glycerol generated as a by-product. An efficient synthesis protocol of CaDG has been developed, requiring shorter time, without heating, and no need for a solvent. This new process facilitates oil–methanol mixing in the transesterification process, thus minimizing the mass transfer limitations associated with the immiscibility of reactants. In addition, this process has been optimized by using CaDG as a solid catalyst.

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Brenes-Peralta, Laura, María F. Jiménez-Morales, Rooel Campos-Rodríguez, Fabio De Menna, and Matteo Vittuari. "Decision-Making Process in the Circular Economy: A Case Study on University Food Waste-to-Energy Actions in Latin America." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 6, 2020): 2291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092291.

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Economies have begun to shift from linear to circular, adopting, among others, waste-to-energy approaches. Waste management is known to be a paramount challenge, and food waste (FW) in particular, has gained the interest of several actors due to its potential impacts and energy recovery opportunities. However, the selection of alternative valorization scenarios can pose several queries in certain contexts. This paper evaluates four FW valorization scenarios based on anaerobic digestion and composting, in comparison to landfilling, by applying a consistent decision-making framework through a combination of linear programming, Life Cycle Thinking (LCT), and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The evaluation was built upon a case study of five universities in Costa Rica and portrayed the trade-offs between environmental impacts and cost categories from the scenarios and their side flows. Results indicate that the landfill scenario entails higher Global Warming Potential and Fresh Water Eutrophication impacts than the valorization scenarios; however, other impact categories and costs are affected. Centralized recovery facilities can increase the Global Warming Potential and the Land Use compared to semi-centralized ones. Experts provided insights, regarding the ease of adoption of composting, in contrast to the potential of energy sources substitution and economic savings from anaerobic digestion.

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Quaranta, Eugenio, Damiano Sgherza, and Giuseppe Tartaro. "Depolymerization of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) under mild conditions by solvent-free alcoholysis catalyzed by 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene as a recyclable organocatalyst: a route to chemical recycling of waste polycarbonate." Green Chemistry 19, no. 22 (2017): 5422–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7gc02063e.

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Szczepaniak, Włodzimierz, Monika Zabłocka-Malicka, and Agnieszka Gurgul. "Steam gasification for waste valorization with energy recovery." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400170.

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Steam gasification seems a promising technology of waste transformation since the steam is the only oxidizing reagent in the process and gaseous carrier of volatiles. Gasses are equilibrated at high temperature for conversion to the H2-rich syngas. After this step, the excess of steam condenses during cooling, together with non-converted tars, oils and fine particles. Condensing steam efficiently absorbs hydrogen bromide and hydrogen chloride. The use of steam eliminates carbonaceous residue from the solid mineral/metal product, which is convenient for further processing (for example extraction of metals). The syngas and the solid residue are generally the only products of gasification, because aqueous condensate may be returned to the process together with non-volatile hydrocarbons and sediments. The process was illustrated by laboratory scale gasification experiments with a) carton packaging, b) abrasive disc, c) pork bones, d) Cu multiwire cable e) PC/AT card and f) inverter (PCB board). The mineral/metal products of gasification may be considered as a raw materials for further processing, including typical routes of metals recovery. There is no direct emission to the atmosphere from the process. However, providing the energy from the syngas back to the reactor as well as the energy balance of steam condensation and recirculation of condensate to the reactor need careful analysis.

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Laguna, Oscar, Sylvain Guyot, Xiaoxi Yu, Laurent-Philippe Broudiscou, Patrick Chapoutot, Véronique Solé-Jamault, Marc Anton, et al. "The PHENOLEO project or how to separate and add-value to phenolic compounds present in rapeseed and sunflower meals." OCL 27 (2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020056.

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Rapeseed and sunflower meal are mainly used as animal feed but they can also be considered as a potential source of bioactive phenolic compounds. However, the desolventization/toasting processes that are needed to produce these meals might influence concentration and chemical structure of phenolic compounds, and change their bioactive properties. Moreover, the recovery processes of these molecules from meals are based on the use of solvent that generates effluents and might affect the integrity of the other constituents of the meals. Knowing this, the PHENOLEO project, funded by the SAS PIVERT, was a research program based on the biorefinery of rapeseed and sunflower meals that aimed to develop new routes of valorization of these materials mostly by the separation and valorization of their simple phenolic compounds. Thus, we decided to focus this study on the impact of the desolventization process on the biochemical composition of meals, the separation process of their simple phenolic compounds, the production of phenolic acids from meals and the potential valorization routes of the phenolic fraction.

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Pazhavelikkakath Purushothaman, Rajeesh Kumar, Gijs van Erven, Daan S. van Es, Léon Rohrbach, Augustinus E. Frissen, Jacco van Haveren, and Richard J. A. Gosselink. "New insights into the base catalyzed depolymerization of technical lignins: a systematic comparison." RSC Advances 13, no. 8 (2023): 4898–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra06998a.

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Chiaravalloti, Francesco. "Stop measuring, start understanding! An arts policy and management researcher’s autobiographic account of the urgency of an ethnographic turn in research on the values of art1." Art & the Public Sphere 9, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2020): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/aps_00038_1.

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In this article I argue for a shift of focus from measurement to understanding in research on the values of art. Based on my research experience with publicly funded opera companies and inspired by ethnography, I suggest a bottom-up, contextual and patient approach to research on the values of art in society. Bottom-up means that it focuses on the valorization of practice versus theory; contextual means that it focuses on the valorization of the specific contexts versus the generalizability of results; patient means that it focuses on the valorization of the process of understanding versus the urgency to apply. Three of my research projects illustrate how this approach can contribute to finding a voice for all facets, both quantifiable and unquantifiable ones, of the values that arts organizations create for their communities.

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Brown, Dylan M., Joel Pawlak, and Amy M. Grunden. "Bacterial valorization of pulp and paper industry process streams and waste." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, no. 4 (January 22, 2021): 1345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11107-2.

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Bhatt, Mukesh, Anand Gupta Chakinala, Jyeshtharaj B. Joshi, Anita Sharma, K. K. Pant, Kalpit Shah, and Abhishek Sharma. "Valorization of solid waste using advanced thermo-chemical process: A review." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 4 (August 2021): 105434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105434.

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Perez-Gallent, Elena. "(Invited) Process Intensification of Electrochemical Systems for CO2 and Biomass Valorization." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 56 (July 7, 2022): 2344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01562344mtgabs.

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Valorization of CO2 and biomass waste streams via electrochemical conversions is a sustainable alternative for the production of fine chemicals and commodity chemicals. This topic has gained a lot of attention in the past decades and major research efforts have been put into it. Key advances has been achieved in the field of material development, where, novel catalysts have been synthesized, developed and have demonstrated to increase the efficiency and selectivity towards the targeted products. Relatively to the large number of studies focused on material development, limited studies are focused on process development, reactor optimization and product separation. Although material development is of paramount importance to achieve an adequate electrochemical reaction performance, it is only the first step needed in order to develop a competitive technology. Process development offers the possibility of enhancing the overall performance of the technology by looking not only at the reaction level, but finding engineering solutions to overcome critical limitations. Process development is essential in order to accelerate the technology towards its envisioned application and advance towards commercial realization. In this talk, we will present several optimization strategies (beyond material development) that helped increase the overall performance of several electrochemical conversion processes, as well as the economic profitability of the complete system. In addition, in order to advance the technology on the TRL scale and have a positive market potential, the technology needs to be evaluated in several aspects such as the scaling-up challenges, its cost competitiveness and its climate benefits. For this, it is crucial to consider the complete value chain, and evaluate not only the electrochemical reaction but also the upstream and the downstream processes. A complete system approach is paramount for the development of competitive technologies. In this talk we will also show several examples on different process intensification strategies and its benefits on the economic potential of them.

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Ouazzani, Wajih Tihami, Latifa El Farissi, Eliseu Monteiro, and Abel Rouboa. "Automotive plastic waste and olive pomace valorization using the pyrolysis process." Energy Reports 8 (November 2022): 628–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.067.

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Kang, Kang, Tianle Zhang, Guotao Sun, Mingqiang Zhu, Kankan Li, and Dongbing Li. "Valorization of tree leaves waste using microwave‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization process." GCB Bioenergy 13, no. 10 (July 16, 2021): 1690–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12882.

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Mabrouki, Jemaa, Mohammed Ammar Abbassi, Besma Khiari, Salah Jellali, Antonis A. Zorpas, and Mejdi Jeguirim. "The dairy biorefinery: Integrating treatment process for Tunisian cheese whey valorization." Chemosphere 293 (April 2022): 133567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133567.

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Cassano, Alfredo, Carmela Conidi, and Enrico Drioli. "A Membrane-Based Process for the Valorization of the Bergamot Juice." Separation Science and Technology 48, no. 4 (January 2013): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2012.709572.

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Baena-Moreno, Francisco M., Fernando Vega, Laura Pastor-Pérez, T. R. Reina, Benito Navarrete, and Zhien Zhang. "Novel process for carbon capture and utilization and saline wastes valorization." Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 73 (January 2020): 103071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2019.103071.

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Cruz, Sandra Sílvia Silva Monteiro Santos. "Valorization of the Nurse's Tutor Characteristics: Enhancing the Teaching Learning Process." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 29 (2011): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.239.

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