Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Valorisation co-Produits'
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Flourat, Amandine. "Valorisation de co-produits de filières agroindustrielles, de la chimie verte aux applications." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS020.
Full textThe need for a shift to a green economy is becoming increasingly urgent as confirmed by the recent IPCC report. In order to support the structuring of sustainable agro-industrial sectors for the production of energy or commodities, the parallel development of markets with smaller volumes but with a very high added value is necessary. Among these high-potential markets, the health and cosmetics sectors are particularly promising. Two developments related to plant chemistry will be addressed by the prism of co-products generated after a first transformation of renewable resource.In the first place, the paper industry, in crisis, generates large quantities of sawdust that can be converted by flash pyrolysis into levoglucosenone. This chiral, bi-cyclic (5 and 7-membered) molecule with numerous chemical functionalities (ketone, acetal, alkene) is a platform compound opening up a vast field of opportunities for biosourced chemistry. Obtaining chiral molecules from levoglucosenone opens up applications in the pharmaceutical field, in the bio-control sector and also in the food industry.On the other hand, para-hydroxycinnamic acids obtained from agricultural residues such as wheat bran, rapeseed or sunflower meal or mustard bran represent a source of phenolic compounds with high potential. These molecules are known to possess a certain number of physico-chemical (anti-radical, anti-UV) and biological (anticancer, anti-inflammatory) activities. Pathways of functionalization of these molecules by synthetic methods respecting the concepts of green chemistry will be explored in order to improve these properties, especially for the production of anti-UV
Provost, Margot. "Valorisation de la fraction protéique des co-produits de saumon : étude et optimisation." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0045.
Full textBy-products are the not used parts and recoverable in the fish processing operations, such as heads, skins, bones or pulp. The processing industry of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) generates about 50% of co-products, which are a source of high quality protein. This work is part of Pesk&Co project, which gather four industrial partners (Meralliance-Thai Union Yslab, SPF-DIANA, AGH-SOCOFAG) and one academic partner (LEMAR UMR 6539, UBO) in order to extract and characterize high value ingredients from farmed Atlantic salmon by-products (Salmo salar). The first aim of the thesis was to develop a method for extracting collagen from salmon skins by the setting up of a non-conventional process at LEMAR and finally developed it at pilot and industrial scale. The collagen obtained was characterized by different analytical methods (FPLC-SEC, SDS-PAGE, FTIR, rheology, microscopy). Then, enzymatic cross-linking assays of collagen with a microbial transglutaminase led to obtain a collagen hydrogel. The second objective of this work was focused on the hydrolysis under controlled conditions of salmon heads to generate functional peptides for aquaculture. Two enzymatic hydrolysis protocols have been developed and transferred at pilot scale. The hydrolysates were incorporated into diets to be tested on bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax). Both ingredients developed during this work have for future use to be commercialized and different markets and applications are targeted
Lebbar, Salim. "Valorisation biologique de co-produits de l'extraction de l'agar issu du Gelidium sesquipedale." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0082.
Full textThis work aims at promoting the bioactive molecules initially present in Gelidium sesquipedale. The rhodophycea agarophytes, including Gelidium sesquipedale, are used for industrial extraction of agar, a phycocolloid with gelling properties, which they contain in abundance. A multitude of co-products are generated during the extraction of the agar. These co-products have only been studied a little, hence not valued, while they constitute a significant source of molecules of interest. Firstly, the industrial agar extraction process was adapted on a laboratory scale, in order to recover these coproducts, which were subsequently subjected to an analysis, which revealed the presence of carbohydrates as major components. They were submitted to a fractionation process to obtain oligosaccharidic fractions, with a potential of elicitor activity, and a yield estimated at 15.7% of dry Gelidium sesquipedale. Also, a follow-up of co-products from batches of Gelidium sesquipedale harvested in different years from 2014 to 2016, enabled the comparison of the composition of the various co-products, depending on the year of the harvest, and thus to evaluate the variability of the initial resource. In addition, the impact of an extraction factor, being the sodium concentration, and the comparison with an industrial co-product produced by this process, were carried out. The retained fractions were characterized by GPC, ESI-MS, NMR and permethylation that allowed the elucidation of the structures of the oligosaccharides they contain, and revealed in particular the presence of floridoside derivatives including Gal2glycerol, Gal3glycerol and Gal4glycerol, which are original molecules in Gelidium sesquipedale, not described to date in red algae. A final part consisted in measuring the activity of these fractions as elicitor that could be estimated on tomato plants through measurements of biochemical markers relating to the expression of defense reactions in the plant. In conclusion, the co-products from agar extraction represent a source of pSDNs (phyto stimulator of natural defense in the plant) and give a new perspective to the agar industry
Saidi, Sami. "Valorisation des co-produits issus des industries de la pêche par hydrolyse enzymatique couplée au fractionnement par procédés membranaires : application aux co-produits de thon." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20014.
Full textThis work is performed in the framework of up-grading of tuna by-products generated from processing and conditioning industries. The enzymatic hydrolysis combined with membrane separation processes in order to obtain the fraction of interest peptides and amino acids was studied. The optimal conditions during enzymatic hydrolysis were determined using the methodology of design of experiments in order to enrich the soluble phase in small peptides with interesting biological activities. The fractionation by Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration following a suitable combination was studied. For this, firstly, a small-scale fractionation was performed with membranes of different cut-off and different natures (organic and inorganic) to select the best membrane processes combination and to optimize the used conditions. Then, a validation study of the fractionation using the hydrolysate of tuna by-products produced during was performed. In this study, different modes of fractionation combination of concentration and diafiltration steps were tested to determine the best method for the recovery of large quantities of interesting peptide fractions. The originality of this PhD work is the enrichment of the tuna by-products hydrolysate with valuable compounds such as essential amino acids and peptides with a high biological activity
Nguyen, Thi My Huong. "Valorisation de matières premières marines de faible valeur ajoutée : application aux co-produits de thon." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2087.
Full textLe, Bihan Estelle. "Valorisation des co-produits issus de la pêche des céphalopodes : applications à la seiche Sepia officinalis." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2043.
Full textThe cuttlefish Sepia officinalis, is one of the main species capted in the Basse-Normandie fisheries. These animals are principally exportated in eviscerated and freezing form to Mediterranean countries and to Japan. Then, high quantities of co-products are available from factories transformation of cephalopods. Enzymological and biochemical studies on co-products demonstrated an elevated potential in the valorisation of viscera by silage technical. Two silages are developed in our laboratory: LBBMA4 and LBBMA25. Primary, they are studed in vitro as substrate for the culture of micro-organisms. This study established that silage LBBMA25 permit to obtain good growth kinetic and biomass, with comparable results to commercial peptone. Secondary, silages can be used as dietary complement. In this way, using silage LBBMA4 or LBBMA25 at low level in diet of post-larvae crustacean or juvenile mollusc and fish allowed to increase zootechnical parameters and to stimulate ontogenesis. Searching of bioactive molecules in silage show the presence of growth factors-like, digestion regulator and immunostimulator molecules. All data obtained during this study, demonstrated that our cuttlefish silage from co-products possess numerous applications
Carretier, Séverine. "Intérêts des procédés membranaires dans le post-traitement des digestats liquides et valorisation des co-produits." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20049/document.
Full textIntense spreading of livestock wastes are recognized to be detrimental to the environment due to their content of organic matter and mineral fraction. Then, it would appear to be necessary to promote greens treatments processes. In fact, anaerobic digestion allows the production of biogas (extremely useful source of renewable energy), whilst digestate should be a highly valuable biofertilizer This work enters in this approach by proposing to complete anaerobic digestion steps by the use of perm-selective membrane separation process. The first step is a clarification step by ultrafiltration, following by a soluble mineral concentration step by nanofiltration, low pressure and/or high pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO, HPRO). The tests were performed in a laboratory-scale pilot unit using real digestates. For clarification step, a cross-flow mode separation is obligate in view of suspended solid concentrations and viscosity which appeared as a determining factor for the choice of operative protocol. In any case, the ultra-filtration operation allows a high organic retention rate (of 80 to 90%). Conversely, soluble mineral retention remained at negligible as expected. The cut-off of ultrafiltration membrane is not a determining factor for this retention. Despite the cross-flow mode separation filtration induces a compound accumulation on the membrane which decreases significantly the permeability of filtering media. This permeability drop appears greater when suspension presents a high COD concentration. This criterion appears as a limiting factor to achieve a high volumic concentration factor (VCF). Membrane surface to develop is then directly related to the membrane permeability which depends on the digestate origin and VCF. The operational cost is linked directly to the energy required to ensure cross-flow mode. The retention of soluble mineral compounds by HPRO exceeds 90% whatever the target ions or the origine of digestate are. However, for NF and LPRO steps, this rejection depends on the target ions or the origine of digestate. In any case, organic retention is important (more than 90%) which allows significant discoloration of permeate. The, the more the electronic conductivity (EC) is, the more permeability decreases of suspension is important, due to an osmotic pressure and soluble compound accumulation on the membrane that increases with EC. This conductivity depends on initial digestate and, of course, of the chosen VCF target, which appears as decisive parameter for unit dimensioning. On the efficient energy, energy linked to separation step chosen is dominant in the absence of cross-flow mode of retentate. This work has allowed to confirm the potential interest of membrane separation to (i) obtain a final effluent: named fresh or new water and (ii) and (ii) to allow the production of liquid fertilizers.This work is financially supported by the National French Agency (Bio-Energy Program 2010, DIVA Project) and by TRIMATEC competitiveness cluster
Sylla, Khalifa Serigne Babacar. "Valorisation de co-produits de la sole tropicale (Cynoglossus senegalensis) par hydrolyse enzymatique : application en nutrition animale." Lorient, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LORIS242.
Full textThis scope of work relates to the valorization of the tongue sole (Cynoglossus senegalensis) by-products resulting from the processing chain in Senegal by the implementation of enzymatic hydrolysis in order to obtain high value proteins. The by-products (viscera and heads) of tongue sole, were hydrolized with a large spectra protease (Protamex®). It appears that the hydrolysis degree (DH) was influenced by the temperature of the proteolysis. Indeed a DH=19% is obtained at 50°C while it reaches up to 25% at 40°C after 3 hours of enzymatic action. Resulting hydrolysates appears to be rich in protein (up to 61%° with around 10% of minerals. The study of the molecular distribution size of the peptides reveals that they are below 1760Da. The effect of the water proportion to conduce hydrolsis was studied. It appears that 50% of water is enough in our conditions to solubilize of four different water ratio to hydrolyze sole by-products by using Protamex® were compared. It was found t60% of the initial proteins. Resulting hydrolysates have a great nutritional value for seting up table fowls because they have in big quantity nine essential amino acids for the animal feed. Feed trials were then carried out on 1200 chickens (cobb 500) with 14 days of age. The results showed that high nutritional value by-products proteins increase the growth of the birds. Indeed, the live weights at 6 weeks are 2369. 60 G (batch 1), 2189. 60 G (batch 2), 2298. 05 G (batch 3) against 2158. 20 G (witness batch), with respective average GMQ of 78. 20 G, 66. 72 G, 69. 89 G and 68. 30 G. The carcass weights are 2112. 43 G (batch 1), 1994. 67 G (batch 2), 2081. 75 G (batch 3) and 1989. 22 G (witness batch). Food consumption seems little influenced by the level and the nature of proteins. However, their presence decreased the consumption index during the end of the study; it is 2. 30 (batch 1), 2. 07 (batch 2), 2. 05 (batch 3) and 20. 8 (witness batch). To identify the future application of hydrolysates in human food, a preliminary sensory analysis was carried out. The sensory profile was established with a jury of 14 expert judges. 11 profiles were found by this panel. In addition, the aromatic characterization revealed that 57 molecules are responsible for these odours described in sensory analysis. The description of these aromatic compounds opens potential way of valorization of these hydrolysates in human consumption
Randriamahatody, Zo. "Valorisation biotechnologique des co-produits de crevette : utilisation de la protéolyse enzymatique pour des applications avicoles à Madagascar." Lorient, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LORIS220.
Full textMarine by-products represent valuable biological resources able to generate molecules with biological and nutritional interests. The objective of the present study is to investigate nutritional potentials of hydrolysates from fished and farmed shrimp heads from Madagascar. Thus, 4 enzymes operational at extreme pH conditions were screened: Pepsin, Novozym 37020, Protex 6L and Delvolase. Pepsine was the most efficient enzyme conducing to the production of small-sized peptides with molecular weight inferior to 1 000 Da and the amelioration of amino acids profile, promoting the nutritional quality. Then, peptic hydrolysis was optimized by using different pH conditions and different enzyme inactivations. Introduction of resulting hydrolysates into traditional malagasy poultry feeding ameliorated the production, with weight gains 2,3 times higher. Some hydrolysates presented also growth inhibition activity again fishes pathogenic and food microorganisms. Two hours peptic hydrolysis at maintained pH seemed to be the most efficient condition in the 2 fields studied. It was also the most effective for chitin extraction by producing the poorest mineral and protein containing exoskeleton resides. Those results suggest the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of shrimp heads from Madagascar to ameliorate their nutritional quality, while allowing partially chitin extraction
Balti, Rafik. "Valorisation des produits et co-produits de la seiche commune (Sepia officinalis) pour l'obtention de biomolécules à haute valeur ajoutée à usage alimentaire et nutraceutique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10164/document.
Full textThe aim of this project was to improve the biotechnological exploitation of marine ressources to obtain value added products for food and nutraceutical applications. First, several digestives proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin and cathepsin D) from the hepatopancreas of the cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) were purified and characterized. In the second part, these digestive proteases and other microbial proteases were used to generate protein hydrolysates enriched in bioactive peptides. 23 novel ACE inhibitory peptides were isolated and identified. In addition, the antihypertensive effect in vivo of some peptides was confirmed. The influence of the degree of hydrolysis and enzyme type on functional and bioactive properties of protein hydrolysates from cuttlefish by-products (skin and viscera) and muscle of the same species was studied. Finally, gelatin from the skin of cuttlefish was extracted using protease-aided process. The characteristics, functional and textural properties of this protein were investigated and compared to those ofcommercial bovine gelatin
Aamr, Daya El Habib. "Contribution à la valorisation de co-produits du lin, poussières obtenues par aspiration lors du teillage, dans une matrice cimentaire." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0411.
Full textDelvar, Alice. "Valorisation par bioraffinage des co-produits des fruits de la Passion et de Goyavier pour la mise en oeuvre de peintures écoconçues." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0047.
Full textNatural paints, with lower environmental and health impacts, are an interesting alternative to solvent-based paints for some applications. The company Derivery has developed a range ofnatural paints called Natura in agreement with the criteria of the Pure ecological label. The binder of these paints consists of an emulsion based on vegetable oils. In order to develop a new range of eco-designed paints adapted especially to the overseas market, new local sources of tropical vegetable oils are needed. A natural biocide is also sought to replace the synthetic biocides currently used in emulsion paints. To meet these objectives of selecting new natural ingredients, the raw materials identified are co-products from the Reunion food industry, especially the one resulting from the production of passion fruit and red strawberry guava juices. These co-products, or these output gaps, are composed of seeds, pulp and shells, which are currently not valued. In this work, we showed the technical feasibility of processes with limited environmental impacts for the extraction of multifunctional ingredients. Thus, depending on the the co-product nature, the oil extractions were carried out by cold pressing, by maceration in ethanol or by SC-CO2 from the seeds and aqueous or ethanolic extracts of the pulps were studied. Vegetable oils obtained from the seeds of these two fruits have fatty acid compositions classifying them as semi-drying oils, with more than 70% of linoleic acid. Passion fruit oil is rich in carotenoids acting for better preservation. The guava oil has a high content of sterols, with emulsifying properties interesting for the paint formulation. The fractions obtained from the pulps have high levels of polyphenols associated with significant antioxidant activities, especially for the red strawberry guava. The ethanolic extracts of the two fruits also show an antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains and a fungal strain. Two alternative extraction methods based on a thermo-mechanical activation were implemented from the passion fruit, in accordance with a biorefinery approach. These methods make it possible to simultaneously carry out the extraction and the pre-formulation of emulsion, with a combined extraction of the different hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules. The role of polyphenols and proteins in the emulsions stabilization was assessed by rheological measurements and by kinetic monitoring of creaming. New emulsions were prepared with the active molecules obtained and were tested as natural paint binders. The properties of the obtained formulations correspond to the industrial specifications thus validating the use of these new ingredients for the eco-design of natural paints. The microbiological tests carried out on the formulations showed the ability of the ethanolic extracts of both fruits to improve the resistance of the emulsified paints against microbial contamination
Sumaya, Martinez Maria. "Valorisation d'hydrolysats de co-produits de crevettes : étude de l'activité antiradicalaire et antioxydante, fractionnement des substances actives et effet de la glycation." Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES2032.
Full textThe objective of this work was to carry out the process of hydrolysis of shrimp by-product, to characterise molecules with antiradical and antioxidant properties, and to increase these activities by the glycation of hydrolysates. The conditions of hydrolysis by Alcalase 2. 4L, in order to obtain the highest antiradical activity, were defined. The experimental conditions (pH 9. 7, 66°C) and the heating treatment (20 min in boiling water) produce a chemical hydrolysis and favour the liberation of the compounds with antiradical activity. The increase in antioxidant activity ( -carotene test) in the hydrolysate was obtained in the presence of the Alcalase 2. 4 L. The fraction with the highest antiradical activity was inferior to 5 kDa; in this fraction, two aromatic compounds with the highest antiradical activity were partially characterised. We have defined the conditions of glycation at moderate temperature (55°C, 30 mg/ml of ribose, pH 6. 5, 0. 5 M phosphate buffer), which favours the formation of the Maillard Reaction Products (MRP) with the antiradical activity. After 17 hrs' heating, the antiradical activity of the shrimp by-product hydrolysate was multiplied by 25, the antioxidant activity was increased 3 times and the antiradical scavenging activity of superoxyde radical was enhanced in 70%. The antiradical activity of MRP was function of the evolution of the intermediate compounds < 1 kDa (principally, the 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2)-furanone, an important flavour compound), and fluorescent compounds > 1 kDa. The MRP do not exhibit cytotoxic effects at concentrations < 1000 µg/mL. These antioxidant/antiradical fractions may represent a viable alternative to current shrimp by-product upgrading
Soufi, Kechaou Emna. "Bioréacteur enzymatique couplé à l’ultrafiltration pour la valorisation des co-produits issus des industries de la pêche : application à la seiche Sepia officinalis." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT2065.
Full textThis work is conducted in the framework of cuttlefish Sepia officinalis by-products up-grading from conditioning industries. It concerns the implementation of the enzymatic hydrolysis and the membrane separation processes to obtain valuable compounds such as peptides and lipids. The techniques used in this study belong to « clean technologies », environmentally sound involving moderate investment and low energy consumption. Hydrolysis of cuttlefish viscera had been carried out in two steps. The first one had objective to determine the efficiency of the enzymes on the matrixes investigated as well as the study area. Once the enzyme had been chosen, the second step was to optimize enzymatic hydrolysis using experimental designs, in order to obtain the highest small peptides recoveries the soluble phase and an antimicrobial activity. The fractionation on the protein hydrolysate according to the charge upon ion exchanging columms allowed determining the ionic profile of the antimicrobial peptides. Membrane fractionation (ultrafiltration) was then used as a second lever to act (i) on size distribution of peptides and (ii) on the activity level of the hydrolysates. First, small-scale fractionation was carried out on polyethersulfone and regenerated cellulose membranes with molecular weight cut-offs ranging from 1000 to 100 000 Da. Then, an scaling-up methodology was investigated by ultrafiltration of the hydrolysate on a pre-industrial pilot plant. The originality of this PhD work is (i) the enrichement of cuttlefish viscera hydrolysates with valuable compounds such as essential amino acids and the enhancement of the antimicrobial activity and (ii) the possibility to up-scale enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration integrating them in the conception of a complete industrial process
Dumay, Justine. "Extraction de lipides en voie aqueuse par bioréacteur enzymatique combiné à l'ultrafiltration : application à la valorisation de co-produits de poisson (Sardina pilchardus)." Nantes, 2006. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=46838cde-7c1f-4368-88fe-72e9950d0bf3.
Full textTHE MAIN GOAL OF THIS WORK WAS TO UP-GRADE SARDINE (SARDINA PILCHARDUS) BY-PRODUCTS USING MILD PROCEDURE, ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND, IN ORDER TO OBTAIN VALUABLE COMPOUNDS INVOLVING MODERATE INVESTMENT AND LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION. HYDROLYSIS AND ULTRAFILTRATION TECHNIQUES HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED. FIRSTLY, SELECTED ENZYMES HAVE BEEN CALIBRATED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THEIR OPTIMAL CONDITIONS WITH A MODEL SUBSTRATE AND TO PERMIT THE COMPARISON BETWEEN THEM. THEN, HYDROLYSIS ON SARDINE HEAD AND VISCERA HAVE BEEN CARRIED OUT IN TWO STEPS. THE FIRST ONE HAD THE OBJECTIVE TO DETERMINE THE ENZYME EFFICIENCY AND THE STUDY AREA. THE SECOND STEP WAS TO OPTIMISE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS USING EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS. THE AIM OF THIS SECOND STEP WAS TO OBTAIN THE HIGHEST LIPID RECOVERY IN THE LIQUID FRACTIONS USING THE VARIATION OF THE INFLUENTS HYDROLYSIS PARAMETERS SUCH AS TEMPERATURE, HYDROLYSIS TIME AND ENZYME CONCENTRATION. THE SOLUBLE PHASE OBTAINED AFTER THIS OPTIMISED STEP HAVE BEEN FILTERED USING ULTRAFILTRATION TECHNIQUE IN ORDER TO SEPARATE LIPIDS FROM PEPTIDES. LIPIDS FROM SARDINE BY-PRODUCTS HAVE BEEN MAINLY RECOVERED IN THE LIQUID FRACTIONS OF THE HYDROLYSATES. MOREOVER, AQUEOUS FRACTION HAS SHOWN A HIGH CONTENT OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS. W3 FATTY ACIDS REPRESENT AROUND 20% OF THE TOTAL FATTY ACIDS INTO THOSE FRACTIONS. REGARDING VISCERA, WHICH IS A HARDLY CRUSHING MATRIX, THE LIPID EXTRACTION YIELDS HAVE BEEN IMPROVED USING ENZYMATIC TREATMENT COMPARED TO TRADITIONAL EXTRACTION. THE ULTRAFILTRATION TREATMENT OF THE SOLUBLE PHASE HAS ALLOWED, AFTER THE DETERMINATION OF OPERATING CONDITIONS, TO SEPARATE LIPIDS FROM PEPTIDES AND TO CONCENTRATE THE PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE RETENTATE
Dumay, Justine Jaouen Pascal Bergé Jean-Pascal Barnathan Gilles. "Extraction de lipides en voie aqueuse par bioréacteur enzymatique combiné à l'ultrafiltration application à la valorisation de co-produits de poisson (Sardina pilchardus) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=14796.
Full textTabet, Karim. "Valorisation de co-produits agro-industriels pour la production de charbons actifs végétaux : Applications à la décoloration de sirops de sucres et au traitement des eaux." Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1481.
Full textThe main objective of this work is the valorization and the minimization of agro-industrial byproducts of straw and bran for the manufacture of activated carbon (AC). After a lab-scale optimization allowing the selection of the activation/carbonization parameters, we have produced effective AC and specified the influence of the operating conditions on their porous structure. We used TGA to establish the role of the chemical agent in the development of porosity. While manufactliring AC in a pilot scale furnace, we established that the pyrolysis gases are essential to obtain well-developed porosity AC, and showed that CO2 is directly responsible for the development of porosity. Lastly, we established that sugar decolorization depends on the volume of the mesopores ranging between 4 nm and 12 Dm. By testing our AC in water treatment, we showed that the pesticides adsorption capacities are related to the microporous volume
Belhaj, Nabila. "Nano-émulsion naturelle de phospholipides marins, issus d’un complexe phospholipopeptidique provenant d’un procédé de valorisation de co-produits de saumon, et applications à la vectorisation de molécules faiblement biodisponibles." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL080N/document.
Full textThe benefits of omega 3 fatty acids, mainly EPA (C20:5n-3) and DHA (C22:6n-3) are well understood in the literature. They indeed play an essential role in the prevention of many neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. These polyunsaturated fatty acids are mostly found in marine sources. In this context, we were interested on the effects of phospholipopeptidic complex from the enzymatic hydrolysis of salmon heads on anxiety and oxidative stress using a behavioural study (mouse model). On the other hand, we have developed a double vectorization operating nanoemulsions, to increase the bioavailability of two hydrophobic and bioactive molecules (conenzyme Q10 and curcumine) by total lipids (phospholipids and triacylglycerols) from the phospholipopeptidic complex rich in EPA and DHA. The results of this study showed that the CPLP, its lipid and peptide fractions have an anxiolytic effect at a dose of 600 mg of CPLP / day for 14 days of treatment. It was also demonstrated that the peptide’s hydrolyzate ingested at double dose decreases significantly the oxidative stress by lowering the endogenous level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurons. For therapeutic uses, the bioavailability of CoQ10 increased up to 38 times compared to referential formulation when verctorized at high dose in the oily formulation composed of CPLP’s total lipids. Regarding conventional CoQ10 supplementation as a dietary supplement, the emulsified formulation has a better availability at single dose, with plasma concentrations two times higher than the reference formulation. Although the anti-cancer activity of curcumine is highlighted, its low solubility and hence its low bioavailability, are factors limiting its use. The formulation of nanoemulsified curcumine allows a significant reduction in the proliferation of cancer cells (MCF7)
Yammine, Sami. "Extraction des molécules à haute valeur ajoutée par eau sous critique et fractionnement par procédés membranaires : Valorisation des co-produits de la vigne et du vin par des procédés éco-innovants." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0056/document.
Full textThis work has dealt with extraction of natural substances from winery by-products using "green" processes such as extraction by subcritical water and purification by membrane processes. These processes are an alternative to solvent extraction traditionally used in the natural products industry. Main part of the work was done on different grape pomace, extraction was optimized and compared in terms of yield, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of extracts. Dunkelfelder extracts exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity and comparison of chemical compositions of the different extracts indicated. Furthermore this Dunkelfelder grape pomace was used as model in order to optimize the different process parameters such as temperature, pressure and hydraulic retention time. After the subcritical water extraction, extracts produced were found to be rich in several families of molecules. An essential purification step of target compounds prior to industrial use was indispensable. Coupling the subcritical water with membrane processes offers an innovative solution for the purification of these extracts. Thereby, the extract was assayed in a cross-flow apparatus against eleven membranes of ultrafiltration (100 to 2 kDa) and nine membranes of nanofiltration (1000 to 150 Da). The monitoring of the process was carried out by determining performance parameters and retention coefficients of different families of macro and micromolecules. The results obtained have demonstrated that the use of membrane technologies could bring innovative changes in the recovery of bioactive compounds for future industries
Bikoro, Bi Athomo Arsène. "Analyse et valorisation des coproduits de la transformation industrielle de l’Acajou du Gabon (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev)." Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU3001.
Full textThe Gabon forest covers more than 85% of country, so about 22 million hectares of forest, which represents a potential of more than 400 million m3 of exploitable wood. For more than 400 species listed as exploitable, about 80 are exploitable, but only 13 are exploited on an industrial scale. Solid wood from logging in the form of logs was, until 2009, mainly intended for export. However, since that date, the Gabonese State has decided to develop its industry by requiring loggers to carry out at least a first transformation in the country.This reform has led to an increase in local transformation of logs, and therefore an increase in the production of co-products. The latter represent approximately 50% of initial log mass for sawing and around 5% for peeling. The actors of the sectors thus found themselves with the problem of an excess of products derived from the local processing of wood.General objective of this thesis is to propose an approach that makes it possible to find recovery solutions for these by-products, 85% of which are burnt in the open air.Co-products of the industrial transformation of mahogany (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev) from Gabon were thus studied in three phases. Initial work on the physicochemical characterization of bark, sapwood and heartwood of mahogany extracts has been carried out in general. We have particularly work on phenolic extracts, including tannins. Then, a way of valuing these compounds was studied: development of a tannin-based adhesive with mahogany tannins. Finally, another recovery avenue was explored: development of wood/ plastic composite with wood by-products and waste from plastic bottles.Results of various studies have shown that the mahogany tannins are rich in fisitinidin and gallocatechin monomers. The absence of free form of gallic acid was also noted. In addition, tannin-based adhesives of mahogany have shown good thermal characteristics. Furthermore, the composite has interesting physico-mechanical properties that would allow a possible valorization on a large scale
Le, Delliou Benjamin. "Design of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) based films for flexible food packaging in contact with fatty food and under frozen conditions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASB033.
Full textThe main objective of the present thesis is to design a bio-based and biodegradable packaging material suitable for frozen French fries using the by-products of their fabrication. Two strategies were investigated. The first strategy was the fabrication of polymer blends based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), which could be obtained by fermentation of by-products. PHBV-poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) blends were designed with the aim to increase the processability and ductility of PHBV. Both polymers are immiscible, therefore the interfacial compatibility needed to be optimized. Reactive compatibilization using dicumyle peroxide (DCP) was successful and allowed the fabrication of PHBV/PBSA films by film blowing extrusion at the laboratory scale. The effect of DCP on morphological, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties was evaluated in the aim to optimize the composition at laboratory scale. To improve the mechanical properties of the films, the plasticizer acetyl tri-butyl citrate (ATBC) was used. The improved melt strength and extensional viscosity of the optimized blends allowed to perform a successful film blowing scale-up experiment to the small pilot scale using ATBC and an alternative organic peroxide LUPEROX® 101, both molecules being admitted for food contact materials. The second strategy was the direct use of waste starch and potato peels. For that, the biochemical characterization of potato peels was carried out, and the potential of extraction of high added value molecules coming was assessed. The possibility to produce potato peels and starch-based materials suitable for the fabrication of items with very short service life was investigated