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Journal articles on the topic 'Valency'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Худайбердиевна Мухамедова, Саодат, and Солихова Озода Сойибжоновна. "On medium valence in the uzbek language." SCIENTIFIC WORK 66, no. 05 (May 20, 2021): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/66/9-13.

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This work examines the types of valence in the Uzbek language. The verb - predicate, on the basis of its valence, at the request of communication, accepts its actants, realizing the semes that make up its semantics. An actant of a certain valency is considered a specific member of the sentence. Thus, valency is the intersection of grammar and vocabulary, syntax and semantics. It is for this reason that it is considered from two points of view, studied by dividing it into two types: semantic valence and syntactic valence. But in the Uzbek language there are other types of valence, for the Uzbek language, being an agglutinative language, like other Turkic languages, has a peculiar structure and semantics. Key words: valency, semantics, compatibility, actant, predicate, sentence model, semantic valency, syntactic valency, valency of the grammatical form of a word, mediated valence

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2

Sleight, Arthur W. "Valency, valence degeneracy, ferroelectricity, and superconductivity." Progress in Solid State Chemistry 37, no. 4 (December 2009): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2010.08.001.

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3

Mudrinich, S. "Valency of the Words of Semantics of State in Ukrainian and English Languages." Studia Linguistica, no. 12 (2018): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2018.12.74-84.

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The article studies the point of the levels of valency of the words of semantics of state with further comparative analysis of their valency in Ukrainian and English languages. The meaning of categorical valency and lexical compatibility of the words of semantics of state in both languages are being analyzed. The notion of lexical and syntactic valency of the words of semantics of state in Ukrainian and English languages is being determined. Defining the lecxical valency of the word aware, we used data about its syntactic valency and investigated its lexical compatibility. When we considering lexical valency, the lexical filling of syntactic valency models and the lexical filling of the Sub – St Prdv і Sub – StAttr syntactic constructions were traced. The lexical valency of the word булострашно (was scary) and its synonyms is being defined. The word of semantics of state було страшно (was scary) and its synonyms have the following types of syntactic valence: predicative valency (V ↔ StPrd), subjective valency (Obj′→ StPrd), object valency (St Prd/Attr/Com → Obj). The method of determing the lexical, syntactic, categorical valency of the words of semantics of state in Ukrainian language is the same as in the English language. To establish the categorial valency of the words of semantics of state, the words that belong to the main part-language digits of the words of semantics of state were analized, on the basis of which the words of semantics of state in the English language were formed: it is dangerous, it is comfortable, asleeр, afraid. The syntactic valency of the word of semantics of state aware and the units with which it is connected were considered from the point of view of connectivity of the word awarein the language, and the syntactic valency of the word of semantics of stateбуло страшно (was scary) and its synonyms and words with which it comes into contact was also figured out.

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4

Zhao, Qianying, and Jingyang Jiang. "Verb valency in interlanguage: An extension to valency theory and new perspective on L2 learning." Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics 56, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 339–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2020-0010.

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AbstractValency theory has been applied to investigate various languages, such as German, Chinese and English. However, most studies in this field were based on the linguistic materials produced by native speakers. The current research aimed to examine the valency structures in the interlanguage. Based on the English writing produced by L2 Chinese learners, we adopted the quantitative approach, trying to find out whether the distributional features of verb valency in the interlanguage also had regular probability distributions as those in the native languages, and whether there was a relationship between these valency distributional characteristics and L2 learners’ language competence. It was found that (1) verb valency in the interlanguage followed distributional regularities which had been identified in the native languages; (2) the valency features showed differences in the diversity of valency patterns, the use of valences and the complexity of forms of complements between the interlanguage and the target language; (3) the distribution functions and parameters related to verb valency could manifest the development of students’ language competence. The current research has extended valency theory to the study of interlanguage and the valency perspective has profound methodological and pedagogical implications for L2 learning. Its item-specific property and the integration of grammatical and lexical factors are conducive to analyzing the way various words combine with each other.

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5

Haugen, Tor Arne. "Adjectival valency as valency constructions." Constructions and Frames 5, no. 1 (August 5, 2013): 35–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.5.1.02hau.

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The article offers new data to the debate on lexical vs. constructional approaches to valency. Research on valency has mainly been concerned with verbs, and in this article it is argued that the neglected area of adjectival valency can shed some new light on this fundamental question. Among the evidence in favour of a constructional approach are the considerable differences in the possibilities of valency realisation between adjectives in attributive and in predicative function. It is also argued that a constructional approach allows for a more principled treatment of polysemy between valency variants.

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6

Plank, Frans, and Aditi Lahiri. "Macroscopic and microscopic typology: Basic Valence Orientation, more pertinacious than meets the naked eye." Linguistic Typology 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2015-0001.

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AbstractBasic Valence Orientation has been suggested as a typological parameter by Nichols, Peterson, & Barnes (2004). Generalising over the entire lexicon, the idea is that languages can be distinguished as transitivising or detransitivising, depending on whether their verbs are basically intransitive or transitive and the opposite valency values require some means of derivation, such as causativisation or decausativisation. Whereas derivedness among valency opposites is assessed through easy-to-spot overt segmental morphological or syntactic markers by

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7

Plank, Frans, and Aditi Lahiri. "Macroscopic and microscopic typology: Basic Valence Orientation, more pertinacious than meets the naked eye." Linguistic Typology 21, no. 2017 (December 20, 2017): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2017-1002.

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AbstractBasic Valence Orientation has been suggested as a typological parameter by Nichols, Peterson, & Barnes (2004). Generalising over the entire lexicon, the idea is that languages can be distinguished as transitivising or detransitivising, depending on whether their verbs are basically intransitive or transitive and the opposite valency values require some means of derivation, such as causativisation or decausativisation. Whereas derivedness among valency opposites is assessed through easy-to-spot overt segmental morphological or syntactic markers by Nichols et . (2004), we argue that

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8

Nelson, Peter G. "Valency." Journal of Chemical Education 74, no. 4 (April 1997): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed074p465.

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9

Sindhu, Raghubir Singh. "Teachers’ misconception concerning valence and valency in chemistry." Science Education International 32, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 308–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33828/sei.v32.i4.5.

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A study on the misconceptions developed or held by teachers related to the two terms valence and valency was undertaken. A total of 48 teachers (26 males and 22 females) teaching the chemistry component of science subject to 14- to 16-year-old students, in 48 schools affiliated to one district, were randomly selected for the study by taking one teacher from each school. One session was devoted for administering the questionnaire among the teachers and second session (with a gap of one day) was for addressing the teacher’s misconceptions. From the analysis of the responses, it was found that the two terms although they have the same meaning were misconceived as having different meanings. Due to this a misleading relationship between the two terms was discovered. Even the highest numerical value of valence was misconceived. The possible reasons for these misconceptions were identified. A simple, brief, and precise description of the concepts was presented to remove the misconceptions of the teachers.

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10

Prassides, Kosmas, Yasuhiro Takabayashi, and Takeshi Nakagawa. "Mixed valency in rare-earth fullerides." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1862 (September 7, 2007): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2147.

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Mixed-valence phenomena associated with the highly correlated narrow-band behaviour of the 4f electrons in rare earths are well documented for a variety of rare-earth chalcogenides, borides and intermetallics (Kondo insulators and heavy fermions). The family of rare-earth fullerides with stoichiometry RE 2.75 C 60 (RE=Sm, Yb, Eu) also displays an analogous phenomenology and a remarkable sensitivity of the rare-earth valency to external stimuli (temperature and pressure) making them the first known molecular-based members of this fascinating class of materials. Using powerful crystallographic and spectroscopic techniques which provide direct indications of what is happening in these materials at the microscopic level, we find a rich variety of temperature- and pressure-driven abrupt or continuous valence transitions—the electronically active fulleride sublattice acts as an electron reservoir that can accept electrons from or donate electrons to the rare-earth 4f/5d bands, thereby sensitively modulating the valence of the rare-earth sublattice.

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11

Toxtasinovich, Akramov Shukurjon. "Valency - nodeterminantity." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 12, no. 5 (2022): 699–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2022.00474.8.

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12

Kadyrkulova, F. D. "VALENCY OF THE PREDICATE IN COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS." Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no. 2-2-2022 (April 30, 2022): 968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2022.2.968-975.

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Valence theory is increasingly being used to improve the effectiveness of teaching a foreign language. The goal is to identify the theory of valence in comparative linguistics. The valency of the predicate is the property of the part of the sentence to demand of the usage of different parts of the sentences, based on the semantics of that full-valued word (primarily of a verb, further of an adjective and a predicative, and lesser of a noun), which is used as a simple predicate or the main element of a compound predicate. The main results are that when comparing syntactic phenomena, their close relationship with the morphological and lexical phenomena of the compared languages is taken into account. Researchers often choose morphological categories and units as the most clearly defined and studied as the starting point of the analysis, which are closely related to syntactic phenomena. In the field of syntax, namely theory of valence of predicate that can easily be associated with the principles of language matching. At the same time, the standard meaning of proposals is the central part.

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13

Kolářová, Veronika, Anna Vernerová, and Jonathan Verner. "Non-Systemic Valency Behavior of Czech Deverbal Nouns Based on the NomVallex Lexicon." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 70, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2019-0071.

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Abstract In order to describe non-systemic valency behavior of Czech deverbal nouns, we present results of an automatic comparison of valency frames of interlinked noun and verbal lexical units included in valency lexicons NomVallex and VALLEX. We show that the non-systemic valency behavior of the nouns is mostly manifested by non-systemic forms of their actants, while changes in the number or type of adnominal actants are negligible as for their frequency. Non-systemic forms considerably contribute to a general increase in the number of forms in valency frames of nouns compared to the number of forms in valency frames of their base verbs. The non-systemic forms are more frequent in valency frames of non-productively derived nouns than in valency frames of productively derived ones.

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14

Stashkiv, Solomiia. "Valency-based and non-valency based conjugability of verbs to perform / have performed in musical texts." Ukrainska mova, no. 3 (2022): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2022.03.073.

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The article examines the valency of the verbs ‘to perform / have performed’ as the basis of their conjugability with other words in musical texts. The four-component valency frame of these verbs is substantiated, communicative and pragmatic factors affecting the verbalization of various sets of non-predicate nouns are defined. The semantic content and morphological expression of valency-based and non-valency-based components are clarified. A conclusion was made about the mandatory expression of valency-predicted subject and object components in musical texts and about limited conjugability with instrumental and address components. Typical secondary predicate syntaxes used in simple non-elementary sentences with these verbs are established. Keywords: verbs to perform / have performed, valency, conjugability, valency-conditioned com-ponents, valency-free components, non-predicate nouns, secondary predicate syntaxeme

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15

Amirbekova Aigul Baydebekkyzy, Khabiyeva Almagul, Soltanbekova Alfia, and Taubaldiyev Meirambek. "COMPATIBILITY OF LANGUAGE UNITS IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE AND THEIR CAPABILITY." Science Review, no. 7(24) (September 30, 2019): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_sr/30092019/6682.

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The article deals with the concept of valency as a phenomenon lying at the confluence of syntax and lexical semantics. The paper also represents types of valency, directions in which the theory of valency is considered. Valency in the broad sense of the word refers to the capacity of a language unit to enter into communication with other units of a particular order. Objectivity and scientific and practical significance of the theory of valency is determined by the lexical- semantic potential of the word. Semantic valency is based on the logical semes of the word semantics. These semes are consistent with the logical semes of the another word meanings, as a result, the given word demonstrates the combining capability with another word. This is considered to be its semantic valency. We have attempted to identify and investigate a peculiar kind of valency in the Kazakh language. We use the concepts of valency and compatibility as synonyms, but in a number of works they are distinguished.

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16

Amirbekova, A. "COMPATABILITY OF LANGUAGE UNITS IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE AND THEIR СAPABILITIES." Tiltanym, no. 4 (October 25, 2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2020-4-43-49.

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The article deals with the concept of valency as a phenomenon lying at the confluence of syntax and lexical semantics. The paper also represents types of valency, directions in which the theory of valency is considered. Valency in the broad sense of the word refers to the capacity of a language unit to enter into communication with other units of a particular order. Objectivity and scientific and practical significance of the theory of valency is determined by the lexical-semantic potential of the word. Semantic valency is based on the logical semes of the word semantics. These semes are consistent with the logical semes of other word meanings, as a result, the given word demonstrates the combining capability with another word. This is considered to be its semantic valency. We have attempted to identify and investigate a peculiar kind of valency in the Kazakh language. We use the concepts of valency and compatibility as synonyms, but in a number of works they are distinguished. Thus, compatibility is regarded as a realized valency, and valency as a potential compatibility of the same language level elements. Сombinability refers to peculiarity of a word to realize in speech its syntagmatic relations in the form of a phrase

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17

Čech, Radek, Petr Pajas, and Ján Mačutek. "Full Valency. Verb Valency without Distinguishing Complements and Adjuncts." Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 17, no. 4 (November 2010): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2010.512162.

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18

Amirbekova, A. "THE VALENCE PROPERTY OF NEOLOGISMS IN KAZAKH LANGUAGE." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 73, no. 3 (July 15, 2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-3.1728-7804.02.

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The article deals with the concept of valency as a phenomenon lying at the confluence of syntax and lexical semantics. The paper also represents types of valency, directions in which the theory of valency is considered. Valency in the broad sense of the word refers to the capacity of a language unit to enter into communication with other units of a particular order. Objectivity and scientific and practical significance of the theory of valency is determined by the lexical-semantic potential of the word. Semantic valency is based on the logical semes of the word semantics. These semes are consistent with the logical semes of the another word meanings, as a result, the given word demonstrates the combining capability with another word. This is considered to be its semantic valency. We have attempted to identify and investigate a peculiar kind of valency in the Kazakh language.

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19

Yamada, Jun, and Yuriko Kayamoto. "Valency, secondary frequency, and lexical access: A Japanese study." Applied Psycholinguistics 19, no. 1 (January 1998): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400010596.

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AbstractThis study examines the effect of valency (defined as the associative value that represents the number of two-kanji words containing in first or second position the first-positional kanji of the word) on the recognition of two-kanji words in Japanese. Lexical decisions were 24 ms faster for words in the high-valency condition than in the low-valency condition, but were 26 ms slower for nonwords in the high-valency condition than in the low-valency condition. While these results suggested a significant interaction between valency and wordness, a regression analysis indicated that the frequency and valency of the first constituent kanji are significant factors for word recognition, and that the frequency of the first constituent kanji is a significant factor for nonword recognition. The secondary-frequency effect hypothesis is put forth to explain the effects of valency and other variables on lexical decision time.

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20

Kolářová, Veronika, Anna Vernerová, and Jana Klímová. "Systemic and non-systemic valency behavior of Czech deverbal adjectives." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 72, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2021-0034.

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Abstract We present results of an automatic comparison of valency frames of interlinked adjectival and verbal lexical units based on the valency lexicons NomVallex and VALLEx. We distinguish nine derivational types of deverbal adjectives and examine whether they tend to display systemic or non-systemic valency behavior. The non-systemic valency behavior includes changes in the number of valency complementations and, more dominantly, non-systemic forms of actants, especially a prepositional group.

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21

Sláma, Jakub. "The study of valency is biased toward more frequent verbs: A corpus study of the valency of less frequent verbs in Czech." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 72, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2021-0040.

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Abstract Theories of valency and valency dictionaries are inevitably and understandably based on the valency behavior of frequent verbs. This paper scrutinizes 154 low-frequency Czech verbs and argues that they demonstrate that Czech verbs are more malleable in their valency behavior than suggested by the literature. It is argued that this fits better within a constructionist approach to valency rather than a lexicalist one. Furthermore, the paper illustrates two alternations, previously unrecognized for Czech as semantic diatheses, namely the causative-inchoative alternation and the Agent-Means alternation.

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22

Lönngren, L. "THOUGHTS ON VALENCY." Учёные записки Петрозаводского государственного университета 180, no. 3 (March 2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/uchz.art.2019.310.

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23

SAMPATHKUMARAN, E. V. "Valency and superconductors." Nature 340, no. 6232 (August 1989): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/340349a0.

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24

TRANQUADA, J. M., S. M. HEALD, A. R. MOODENBAUGH, G. LIANG, and M. CROFT. "Valency and superconductors." Nature 340, no. 6232 (August 1989): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/340349b0.

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25

Van Langendonck, Willy. "Valency in Dutch." Études offertes à Karel van den Eynde 95-96 (January 1, 1992): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.95-96.05van.

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26

Siddarth, Prabha, and M. S. Gopinathan. "Valency correlation diagrams." Journal of the American Chemical Society 110, no. 1 (January 1988): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00209a015.

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27

Nanba, T., M. Tomikawa, Y. Mori, N. Shino, S. Imada, S. Suga, S. Kimura, and S. Kunii. "Valency of YbB6." Physica B: Condensed Matter 186-188 (May 1993): 557–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(93)90633-h.

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28

Daugaard, Jan, Sabine Kirchmeier-Andersen, and Lene Schøsler. "Automatic Extraction of Valency Information." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 107-108 (January 1, 1995): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.107-108.06dau.

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Abstract The above research team has for the past 4 years been working on a database of valency schemes for 4,000 Danish verbs. First we present the underlying theoretical assumptions for the creation of valency schemes. Then the tools to perform automatic extraction of valency information from corpora are described. Finally, the results are presented. Keywords: natural language parsing, Danish, lexical valency, the Pronominal Approach, corpus analysis.

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29

Amirbekova, A. B., L. Urakova, and G. Talgat kyzy. "THE SYSTEM OF SEMANTIC VALENCY IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE." Tiltanym, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2021-3-3-14.

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The article considers the potential of creating a system of categories of consistency and valence in the Kazakh language. To distinguish the typical types of phrases that make up the valence system, an experiment is carried out. In the Kazakh language, phrases are not enough to be divided into two parts: syntactic and lexical. The issue of expanding forms, concretizing patterns, in-depth study of the abilities of the valence of the Kazakh language will be considered. Compatibility is the main property of language units based on the syntagmatic relation. The syntagmatic relation is the ability of linguistic symbols to be harmoniously combined in accordance with the regularity of the language, depending on the order of the sequential arrangement in the composition of the text, sentence, word. Compatibility is a linguistic category that functions in all linguistic areas. The stereotypical concept “compatibility is a combination of two or more words” is recognized only as a form of grammatical compatibility. Thus, compatibility is an important category in determining the phonetic, lexical, morphological, and syntactic patterns of a language. Here compatibility is considered equally with the concept of valency. Because valence itself is the main indicator that refl the ability of all language units in the structure of the text, starting with the sound layer.

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30

Baron, Irène. "Les syntagmes nominaux complexes dans les textes juridiques français." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 5, no. 9 (July 29, 2015): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v5i9.21504.

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With its point of departure in the verb valency theory, the present article introduces a classification of complex NPs in French legal texts. The heads of the NPs are subdivided into predicative and non-predicative nouns: predicative when they show the same valency pattern as verbs and non-predicative when they do not. The two classes may have bound and free expansions in the form of both complements and modifiers. The final classification of the NPs thus consists of eight different categories. The syntactic distrinction between predicative and non-predicative nouns is supplemented, on the semantic level, by a gradable scale, ranging from the concrete to the abstract, along which the nouns are placed according to their degree of predication, i.e. according to the number of valents.

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31

Öztürk, Burcu, and Seher Çiçek. "Morphological Verb Valency Driven Errors of Secondary School Students." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 9, no. 4 (November 5, 2021): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.9n.4p.217.

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The aim of the current study is to determine the distribution of verb valency-driven errors of secondary school students. To this end, this study is framed as a survey research. The sample of the study consists of 200 secondary school students in three schools with different socio- economic levels. The content and teaching of morphological verb valency and the problems encountered were elaborated in the light of Turkish teachers’ views. The data of the study were compiled through document analysis. Frequency analysis was employed to determine the occurrence of morphological verb valency driven errors. Besides, content analysis was used to analyse teachers’ views. The research findings revealed that secondary school students made verb valency driven errors at 393 times while using 145 different verbs. The mean value of verb valency driven errors per student was 1.96. Furthermore, the verbs with the most common verb valency driven errors were respectively as follows: çık- (to leave), al- (to take), bul- (to find), söyle- (to tell), yaşa- (to live), git- (to go), gör- (to see), ver- (to give), çöz- (to solve) and gel- (to come). Teachers, however, stated that students had difficulty in analysing and writing morphemes in morphological verb valency, and they, in particular, made verb valency driven errors in long sentences in writing and speaking skills. Moreover, activities towards knowledge and comprehension in terms of words and sentences are inadequate in respect to such cognitive processes such as synthesis and evaluation of texts. Therefore, it is recommended that teaching of morphological valency should be integrated with language skills in order to minimize morphological verb valency driven errors that have an impact upon literacy skills of students in their mother tongue.

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32

Kato, Yu, Bettina Groschel, Robert K. Abbott, Sergey Menis, Darrell J. Irvine, William R. Schief, and Shane Crotty. "Antigen valency dictates the affinity of B cells recruited to germinal centers and the magnitude of extrafollicular B cell responses." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2020): 71.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.71.9.

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Abstract While it is widely agreed that antigen valency is a factor in immunogenicity, how antigen valency contributes to B cell selection during antigen-specific responses is poorly understood. Here, using HIV immunogens with a defined valency ranging from 1 to 60, we investigated the role of antigen valency during different phases of the antigen-specific B cell response. We show that highly multimerized immunogens rapidly activated cognate B cells in vivo with little affinity discrimination, initially. This subsequently led to strong extrafollicular and germinal center responses where B cells within a broad affinity range were efficiently recruited. Low-valency (1–8 copy) antigens induced less diverse effector B cell responses, with limited recruitment of low-affinity B cells. The data reveal roles of antigen valency in dictating affinity thresholds required for recruitment of B cells to germinal centers or rapid extrafollicular plasma cell responses, with important implications for vaccine design.

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33

Tag El Din, El Sayed M., Faisal Sultan, Muhammad Usman Ghani, Jia-Bao Liu, Sanaullah Dehraj, Murat Cancan, Fahad M. Alharbi, and Abdullah Alhushaybari. "Some Novel Results Involving Prototypical Computation of Zagreb Polynomials and Indices for SiO4 Embedded in a Chain of Silicates." Molecules 28, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010201.

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A topological index as a graph parameter was obtained mathematically from the graph’s topological structure. These indices are useful for measuring the various chemical characteristics of chemical compounds in the chemical graph theory. The number of atoms that surround an atom in the molecular structure of a chemical compound determines its valency. A significant number of valency-based molecular invariants have been proposed, which connect various physicochemical aspects of chemical compounds, such as vapour pressure, stability, elastic energy, and numerous others. Molecules are linked with numerical values in a molecular network, and topological indices are a term for these values. In theoretical chemistry, topological indices are frequently used to simulate the physicochemical characteristics of chemical molecules. Zagreb indices are commonly employed by mathematicians to determine the strain energy, melting point, boiling temperature, distortion, and stability of a chemical compound. The purpose of this study is to look at valency-based molecular invariants for SiO4 embedded in a silicate chain under various conditions. To obtain the outcomes, the approach of atom–bond partitioning according to atom valences was applied by using the application of spectral graph theory, and we obtained different tables of atom—bond partitions of SiO4. We obtained exact values of valency-based molecular invariants, notably the first Zagreb, the second Zagreb, the hyper-Zagreb, the modified Zagreb, the enhanced Zagreb, and the redefined Zagreb (first, second, and third). We also provide a graphical depiction of the results that explains the reliance of topological indices on the specified polynomial structure parameters.

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Hongxia, Mei. "A Comparative Analysis of Verb Synonyms from the Perspective of Valency Structure in the Context of 'Provide and Offer'." IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies 16, no. 4 (October 28, 2020): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v16.n4.p2.

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This article reported a study of verb synonym’s valency structure based on corpus data, which clearly shows the affiliation between the word item and its governing member. This study analyzed ‘provide’ and ‘offer’ in British National Corpus from the perspective of types and frequency distribution of valency structures, action elements, the relevance between valency structure and its meaning. The results indicate the valency structure is characteristic and closely interrelated with word’s meaning. Therefore, this can give us some enlightenment in h distinguishing verb synonyms effectively and promoting the English vocabulary teaching.

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Wibowo, Achmad Teguh, Muhammad Khusnu Milad, and Faris Mushlihul Amin. "Penerapan Integrasi Teknologi Informasi Perencanaan Sumber Daya Perusahaan Menggunakan Open Source Dolibarr." Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat UNSIQ 7, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/ppkm.v7i1.741.

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UMKM adalah Unit Mikro Kecil Menengah. UMKM ini bernama UD Valency, yang terletak di desa Wedoro Kab. Sidoarjo. UD Valency adalah UMKM atau home industry yang melayani pembuatan jasa sandal. UD Valency memproduksi berbagai macam sandal yaitu Nevada, Zandilac, dan New Era. Pada UD Valency membutuhkan kerja sama dengan perusahaan lain dimana perusahaan tersebut sebagai pemesan dan pemasok bahan baku atau bisa disebut dengan pihak ketiga (third parties) supaya UD Valency dapat mencapai tujuan yang sudah ditentukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ERP dengan modul third parties dan product dengan menggunakan software Dolibarr. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa UMKM Wedoro ini sebaiknya menggunakan sistem dalam pengolahan datanya. Dengan adanya sistem data akan menjadi terstruktur dan terorganisir sehingga memudahkan dalam pengolahan data.

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Say, Sergey. "Bivalent Verb Classes in the Languages of Europe." Language Dynamics and Change 4, no. 1 (2014): 116–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00401003.

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The aims of this study are twofold: to propose methods for measuring (dis)similarities in the organization of valency class systems across languages, and to test them on a sample of European languages in order to reveal areal and genetic patterns. The data were gathered for 29 languages using a questionnaire containing 130 contextualized uses of bivalent predicates. The properties under study include (i) lexical range of transitives, (ii) lexical range of valency frames defined in terms of the “locus” of non-transitivity (whether A or P arguments are encoded by oblique devices), (iii) overall complexity of valency class systems, and (iv) lexical distribution of verbs among valency classes. In case of the simpler properties (i)–(iii), maps with quantified isoglosses and pairwise comparison of languages based on Hamming distance are used. For (iv) these methods are inapplicable (valency classes cannot be equated across languages), and I propose a distance metric based on entropy and pairwise mutual information between distributions. The distance matrices are analyzed using the NeighborNet algorithm as implemented in SplitsTree. I argue that more holistic properties of valency class systems are indicative of large areal effects: e.g., many western European languages (Germanic, Romance, Basque and some Balkan languages) are lexically “most transitive” in Europe. Low-level areal signal is clearly discernible in the data on more subtle aspects of the organization of valency classes. The findings imply that distributions of verbs into valency classes can develop quickly and are transferable in contact situations, despite drastic dissimilarities in argument-coding devices.

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JIN, WEI. "FINITE 3-GEODESIC TRANSITIVE BUT NOT 3-ARC TRANSITIVE GRAPHS." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 91, no. 2 (September 23, 2014): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972714000690.

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AbstractIn this paper, we first prove that for $g\in \{3,4\}$, there are infinitely many 3-geodesic transitive but not 3-arc transitive graphs of girth $g$ with arbitrarily large diameter and valency. Then we classify the family of 3-geodesic transitive but not 3-arc transitive graphs of valency 3 and those of valency 4 and girth 4.

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Kawano, T., F. Munakata, H. Yamauchi, and S. Tanaka. "Correlation of Bi and Cu valencies with structural modulation in Bi2Sr2(Ca1−x Yx)Cu2Oy." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 2 (February 1992): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0299.

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The valencies of the Bi and Cu ions in Bi2Sr2(Ca1−x Yx)Cu2Oy were determined separately by a coulometric titration technique. The Cu valency decreased monotonically from 2.16 to 2.04 with increasing Y content over the range from 0 to 1. Superconductivity occurred for Cu valency greater than 2.1. The Bi valency was also found to decrease from +3.12 to +2.99 as the Y content increased. It leveled off at ∼ +3.0 for the Y content larger than 0.8. This change in the Bi valency was correlated with the change in the structural modulation period and with its transformation from an incommensurate to a commensurate state.

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Messerschmidt, Maria. "Increasing the valency of motion verbs: the case of the portative construction." STUF - Language Typology and Universals 75, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 161–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2022-1052.

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Abstract This paper surveys the valency-increasing constructions that apply to motion verbs in 49 genetically diverse languages. These include causative constructions, a variety of applicative constructions and the portative construction which is a valency-increasing construction that is lexically restricted to motion verbs. In the portative construction, the verb’s valency is increased by adding theme as a P-argument, but conceptually there is also an element of (co-motional) causation. However, the paper argues that the construction is neither causative nor applicative. Instead, the portative construction, which is frequent in the sample languages, should be considered a distinct type of valency-increasing construction.

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Qi, Da, and Hua Wang. "The Distribution Patterns of Valency-changing Verbs: An Approach of Quantitative Linguistics." International Journal of Linguistics Studies 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijls.2021.1.2.7.

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The present study attempts to explore the distribution patterns of the valency-changing verbs from the perspective of quantitative linguistics. We took authentic spoken language data as the research materials. The corpus used in this paper is a self-built spoken English corpus containing about 21,000 words. We half-manually annotated the corpus with the help of SpaCy, a natural language processing tool. According to the annotation results and statistical data, we obtained a total of 217 valency-changing English verbs and 248 sentence components governed by them. After analysis, the current study came to the following conclusions: First, bivalent verbs are most frequent among the three types of valency-changing verbs; second, after fitting all the language data to different probability distributions, we found that the rank-frequency distributions of all the valency-changing English verbs with different numbers of obligatory arguments obey the power law, and the frequencies of bivalent valency-changing verbs obey other kinds of distributions such as the mixed Poisson distribution.

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Alanovic, Milivoj B. "Principles of Adjectival Valency." Филолог – часопис за језик књижевност и културу 18, no. 18 (December 30, 2018): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21618/fil1818061a.

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Kirchin, Simon. "Particularism and Default Valency." Journal of Moral Philosophy 4, no. 1 (2007): 16–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740468106072780.

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AbstractIn this paper, I concentrate on the notion of default valency, drawing on some of the distinctions made and thoughts given in my Introduction. I motivate why the notion is important for particularists to have up their sleeves by outlining a recent debate between particularists and generalists. I then move to the main aim of the piece which is to discuss how anyone, particularist and generalist alike, might seek to distinguish reason-generating features into different types. My main aim is not to argue for a specific way of dividing such features into types but to present various taxonomical options.

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Hu, Z., En-Jin Cho, G. Kaindl, and B. G. Müller. "Valency and 4fcovalency ofCs2RbTbF7." Physical Review B 51, no. 12 (March 15, 1995): 7514–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.7514.

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Busso, Lucia, Alessandro Lenci, and Florent Perek. "Valency coercion in Italian." Constructions and Frames 12, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 171–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.00039.bus.

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Abstract The paper investigates valency coercion effects in Italian by means of an acceptability rating task on nine argument structure constructions. The experimental design follows Perek & Hilpert (2014) in presenting three conditions: grammatical, impossible and coercion stimuli. This design allows us to test several factors: the acceptability of creative coerced structures, the role of age and – most importantly – the influence of the construction itself. Results overall confirm our hypotheses: valency coercion is identified as an intermediate level between grammaticality and ungrammaticality, with varying degrees of “coercibility” across constructions. An influence of age is not in evidence for coercion sentences, suggesting that the systematic variation in acceptability is due to the influence of different constructions. We propose that coercion resolution results from the interaction of constructional and lexical semantics.

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Kohlmann, H., and H. P. Beck. "Uranium's Valency in U3S5." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 150, no. 2 (March 2000): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1999.8599.

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46

Heginbotham, W. B. "The valency of change." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 4, no. 1 (February 1989): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02601506.

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Gopinathan, M. S., Prabha Siddarth, and C. Ravimohan. "Valency and molecular structure." Theoretica Chimica Acta 70, no. 4 (October 1986): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00534237.

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Siddarth, Prabha, and M. S. Gopinathan. "Molecular strain from valency." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 148, no. 1-2 (October 1986): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(86)85008-4.

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Benu, Naniana N., Risman Iye, I. Wayan Simpen, and Fithriyah Inda Nur Abida. "Valency-Increasing Mechanism in the Dawan Language." SUAR BETANG 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/surbet.v17i2.348.

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This article discusses the valency-increasing mechanism in the Dawan language. The data was obtained through observation of Dawan language speakers by applying the note-taking method. Other data were obtained from literature in Dawan's language, namely Beno Alekot (bible) and Si Knino (songbook). In addition, the data is supported by intuitive data from the researcher as a native speaker of the Dawan language. Considering the variety of dialects in this language, the data and discussion are focused on the Amanuban dialect. The results show that the mechanism of valency-increasing in the Dawan language is a transitive process. This process is carried out through the strategy of adding new arguments such as in causative construction or promoting peripheral arguments into core arguments as in applicative construction. The transitive referred to is the process of making an intransitive clause into a transitive or a transitive into a ditransitive. This process does not cause morphological changes to the verb as the core of a clause.AbstrakArtikel ini membahas mekanisme peningkatan valensi dalam bahasa Dawan. Data diperoleh melalui observasi terhadap penutur bahasa Dawan dengan menerapkan metode simak dan catat. Data lain diperoleh dari literatur berbahasa Dawan, yaitu Beno Alekot (Alkitab) dan Si Knino (buku nyanyian). Selain itu, data tersebut didukung oleh data intuitif dari peneliti sebagai penutur asli bahasa Dawan. Mengingat keragaman dialek bahasa ini, data dan pembahasan difokuskan pada dialek Amanuban. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme peningkatan valensi dalam bahasa Dawan merupakan proses transitif. Proses itu dilakukan melalui strategi penambahan argumen baru seperti pada konstruksi kausatif atau menempatkan argumen periferal ke dalam argumen inti seperti pada konstruksi aplikatif. Transitif yang dimaksud adalah proses menjadikan klausa intransitif menjadi transitif atau transitif menjadi ditransitif. Proses itu tidak menyebabkan perubahan morfologis pada verba sebagai inti dari sebuah klausa.

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Sanchez-Burgos, Ignacio, Jorge R. Espinosa, Jerelle A. Joseph, and Rosana Collepardo-Guevara. "Valency and Binding Affinity Variations Can Regulate the Multilayered Organization of Protein Condensates with Many Components." Biomolecules 11, no. 2 (February 14, 2021): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11020278.

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Biomolecular condensates, which assemble via the process of liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), are multicomponent compartments found ubiquitously inside cells. Experiments and simulations have shown that biomolecular condensates with many components can exhibit multilayered organizations. Using a minimal coarse-grained model for interacting multivalent proteins, we investigate the thermodynamic parameters governing the formation of multilayered condensates through changes in protein valency and binding affinity. We focus on multicomponent condensates formed by scaffold proteins (high-valency proteins that can phase separate on their own via homotypic interactions) and clients (proteins recruited to condensates via heterotypic scaffold–client interactions). We demonstrate that higher valency species are sequestered to the center of the multicomponent condensates, while lower valency proteins cluster towards the condensate interface. Such multilayered condensate architecture maximizes the density of LLPS-stabilizing molecular interactions, while simultaneously reducing the surface tension of the condensates. In addition, multilayered condensates exhibit rapid exchanges of low valency proteins in and out, while keeping higher valency proteins—the key biomolecules involved in condensate nucleation—mostly within. We also demonstrate how modulating the binding affinities among the different proteins in a multicomponent condensate can significantly transform its multilayered structure, and even trigger fission of a condensate into multiple droplets with different compositions.

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