Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vacancy Engineering

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Vacancy Engineering'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Vacancy Engineering"

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Huang, Yanmei, Yu Yu, Yifu Yu, and Bin Zhang. "Oxygen Vacancy Engineering in Photocatalysis." Solar RRL 4, no. 8 (March 31, 2020): 2000037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/solr.202000037.

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Wang, Biao, Jiawen Liu, Shan Yao, Fangyan Liu, Yuekun Li, Jiaqing He, Zhang Lin, Feng Huang, Chuan Liu, and Mengye Wang. "Vacancy engineering in nanostructured semiconductors for enhancing photocatalysis." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 32 (2021): 17143–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta03895h.

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Pan, Rongjian, Aitao Tang, Jiantao Qin, Tianyuan Xin, Xiaoyong Wu, Bang Wen, and Lu Wu. "Trapping Capability of Small Vacancy Clusters in the α-Zr Doped with Alloying Elements: A First-Principles Study." Crystals 12, no. 7 (July 18, 2022): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12070997.

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Zirconium alloys are subjected to a fast neutron flux in nuclear reactors, inducing the creation of a large number of point defects, both vacancy and self-interstitial. These point defects then diffuse and can be trapped by their different sinks or can cluster to form larger defects, such as vacancy and interstitial clusters. In this work, the trapping capability of small-vacancy clusters (two/three vacancies, V2/V3) in the α-Zr doped with alloying elements (Sn, Fe, Cr, and Nb) has been investigated by first-principle calculations. Calculation results show that for the supercells of α-Zr containing 142-zirconium atoms with the two-vacancy cluster, alloying elements of Sn and Nb in the second vacant site (V2) and Cr in the first vacant site (V1) are more easily trapped by two vacancies, respectively. However, the two sites are both captured more easily by two vacancies for Fe in the supercells of α-Zr containing 142-zirconium atoms inside due to the similar value of the Fermi level. For the supercells of α-Zr containing 141-zirconium atoms with the three-vacancy cluster, the alloying element of Sn in the third vacant site (V’3), Fe in the first vacant site (V’1), and Cr and Nb in the second vacant site (V’2) are more easily trapped by three vacancies, respectively.
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Lee, Seonjeong, Han Ju Lee, Yena Ji, Sung Mook Choi, Keun Hyung Lee, and Kihyon Hong. "Vacancy engineering of a solution processed CuI semiconductor: tuning the electrical properties of inorganic P-channel thin-film transistors." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 28 (2020): 9608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc02005b.

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Li, Tong, Qi Wang, and Zhou Wang. "Oxygen Vacancy Injection on (111) CeO2 Nanocrystal Facets for Efficient H2O2 Detection." Biosensors 12, no. 8 (August 3, 2022): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12080592.

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Facet and defect engineering have achieved great success in improving the catalytic performance of CeO2, but the inconsistent reports on the synergistic effect of facet and oxygen vacancy and the lack of investigation on the heavily doped oxygen vacancy keeps it an attractive subject. Inspired by this, CeO2 nanocrystals with selectively exposed crystalline facets (octahedron, cube, sphere, rod) and abundant oxygen vacancies have been synthesized to investigate the synergistic effect of facet and heavily doped oxygen vacancy. The contrasting electrochemical behavior displayed by diverse reduced CeO2 nanocrystals verifies that oxygen vacancy acts distinctly on different facets. The thermodynamically most stable CeO2 octahedron enclosed by heavily doped (111) facets surprisingly exhibited the optimum non-enzymatic H2O2 sensing performance, with a high sensitivity (128.83 µA mM−1 cm−2), a broad linear range (20 µM~13.61 mM), and a low detection limit (1.63 µM). Meanwhile, the sensor presented satisfying selectivity, repeatability, stability, as well as its feasibility in medical disinfectants. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of facet and oxygen vacancy was clarified by the inclined distribution states of oxygen vacancy and the electronic transmission property. This work enlightens prospective research on the synergistic effect of alternative crystal surface engineering strategies.
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Shoemaker, J. R., R. T. Lutton, D. Wesley, W. R. Wharton, M. L. Oehrli, M. S. Herte, M. J. Sabochick, and N. Q. Lam. "Point defect study of CuTi and CuTi2." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 3 (March 1991): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.0473.

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The energies and configurations of interstitials and vacancies in the ordered compounds CuTi and CuTi2 were determined using atomistic simulation with realistic embedded-atom potentials. The formation energy of an antisite pair was found to be 0.385 and 0.460 eV in CuTi and CuTi2, respectively. In both compounds, the creation of a vacancy by the removal of either a Cu or Ti atom resulted in a vacant Cu site, with an adjacent antisite defect in the case of the Ti vacancy. The vacant Cu site in CuTi was found to be very mobile within two adjacent (001) Cu planes, with a migration energy of 0.19 eV, giving rise to two-dimensional migration. The vacancy migration energy across (001) Ti planes, however, was 1.32 eV, which could be lowered to 0.75 or 0.60 eV if one or two Cu antisite defects were initially present in these planes. In CuTi2, the vacancy migration energy of 0.92 eV along the (001) Cu plane was significantly higher than in CuTi. The effective vacancy formation energies were calculated to be 1.09 eV and 0.90 eV in CuTi and CuTi2, respectively. Interstitials created by inserting either a Cu or Ti atom had complicated configurations in which a Cu 〈111〉 split interstitial was surrounded by two or three Ti antisite defects. The interstitial formation energy was estimated to be 1.7 eV in CuTi and 1.9 eV in CuTi2.
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Gwilliam, R., N. E. B. Cowern, B. Colombeau, B. Sealy, and A. J. Smith. "Vacancy engineering for ultra-shallow junction formation." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 261, no. 1-2 (August 2007): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.048.

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Yamashita, Shohei, and Kazumasa Takami. "Autonomous, Distributed Parking Lot Vacancy Management Using Intervehicle Communication." International Journal of Vehicular Technology 2014 (July 21, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/647487.

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We have developed a method of managing vacancy information of a large parking lot in a distributed manner using only intervehicle communication. A group of parking spaces is defined as a cluster. Vacancy information of a cluster is managed by a vehicle in it. This vehicle is called a cluster head. The proposed method generates a communication path topology between cluster heads. The topology is a tree structure with the cluster head of the cluster nearest to the parking lot entrance as the root node. Cluster heads are ranked in order of the number of vacant spaces and the distance to the shop entrance. The vehicle entering the parking lot collects vacancy information of clusters. This information is transmitted along the tree structure from the lowest ranking cluster head. We have developed a simulation model for a parking lot that can accommodate nearly 1,000 vehicles and used it to evaluate the proposed method. We have confirmed that the proposed method generates less communication traffic and enables the vehicle entering a parking lot to collect vacancy information about the area near the shop entrance with a higher probability and in a shorter time.
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Gebauer, Ralph. "Oxygen Vacancies in Zirconia and Their Migration: The Role of Hubbard-U Parameters in Density Functional Theory." Crystals 13, no. 4 (March 28, 2023): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13040574.

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Cubic zirconia (c-ZrO2) is studied using Density Functional Theory with Hubbard-U corrections (DFT+U). It is shown that the determination of the U-parameters from first principles leads to values for U(Zr-4d) and U(O-2p) which are very different from standard choices. The calculated band gap with these values for U closely matches the experimental gap. Oxygen vacancies are studied using this approach, and it is found that it is possible to closely reproduce the vacancy migration energies calculated with a hybrid functional. The oxygen vacancy is associated with two excess electrons which localize in the vacancy’s cavity. In the presence of these excess electrons, the barrier for vacancy migration is very high. If instead, a charged vacancy VO2+ is considered, its mobility increases considerably—an effect that is attributed to the absence of space charges localized in the cavity.
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ROUHI, A. MAUREEN. "NO VACANCY." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 80, no. 7 (February 18, 2002): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v080n007.p084.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vacancy Engineering"

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Cui, Shanying. "Near-surface Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13064815.

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The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is a point defect in diamond and has been championed as a promising solid-state "artificial atom." NV center properties such as its bright luminescence, room-temperature optical readout of spin states, and long spin decoherence lifetime make it an excellent system for applications in quantum information processing, high sensitivity magnetometry, and biotagging. In all applications, near-surface NVs are desirable. However, it has been found that the favorable properties of the NV center are significantly diminished as the NV center nears the surface. This dissertation presents efforts in understanding the effect of the surface on the luminescence of NV centers less than a wavelength of light from the surface. We use plasma assisted etching to, independently, change the surface termination and bring the NV closer to the surface. We find that treating the surface with CF4 plasma results in a deposited polymerous fluorocarbon which helps stabilize nearby NVs. We propose using a downstream etcher to bring NVs closer to the surface, while minimizing damage and maintaining NV luminescence. Finally, we enhance emission of these near-surface NVs by coupling them into a hybrid diamond plasmonic cavity. The fabricated devices result in a measured Q of 170, higher than other previously fabricated diamond plasmonic devices.
Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Smith, Andy. "The formation of ultra-shallow p-type junctions using vacancy engineering." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2006. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843072/.

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For the last 40 years a natural demand for faster, more complex, and therefore, more functional electronic systems, has been the fundamental driving force behind the miniaturisation of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistor. The formation of highly conducting, ultra-shallow, p-type junctions is a key component for the source/drain contact and extension regions of the p-channel metal oxide semiconductor transistor. However, the requirements are becoming increasingly more difficult to achieve as technology advances. In fact, new ways of achieving device improvements are being considered. One method currently being implemented within industry is a switch from bulk silicon substrates to silicon on insulator (SOI). Therefore, it is important for any new techniques to be SOI compatible. The most commonly used p-type dopant, boron, suffers from process related phenomena which hinders the creation of such shallow junctions. During annealing interstitial defects remaining from the implantation process impede the junction formation through a defect-dopant interaction, which reduces the electrical activation and enhances the junction depth - the exact opposite to what is required! This thesis studies a technique which generates an excess of vacancy defects (a vacancy is essentially a missing silicon atom). The vacancies counteract the effect via an interstitial-vacancy recombination mechanism, thus reducing their detrimental effect on the subsequent boron implant. A detailed investigation into the optimisation of such a technique has been achieved through Monte Carlo simulations and experimental studies on diffusion, electrical activation and lattice damage in bulk silicon and SOI. It has been shown that it is possible to optimise the boron and vacancy generating implants to achieve a near "diffusionless" process, producing a junction depth of around 17nm, with an extremely high level of electrical activation (~5x1020cm-3) at low annealing temperatures. Furthermore, the junction is extremely thermally stable (600-900°C) giving rise to a large process window for ease of integration. Overall, this optimised technique rivals competing processes with a much lower equipment cost and "footprint" making it potentially a highly viable alternative to the current preferred methodology within industry.
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Teale, Carson (Carson Arthur). "Magnetometry with ensembles of nitrogen vacancy centers in bulk diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103852.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-57).
This thesis summarizes experiments conducted to develop a high sensitivity vector magnetometer using nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in a bulk diamond sample. This project began by analyzing the sensitivity of a single NV orientation using a continuous wave electron spin resonance approach. A protocol for determining the diamond's orientation was developed to map vector magnetic field readings in the diamond reference frame to the lab frame. Preliminary vector field measurements and differential vector measurements were performed. Although these showed promising results, significant instrument and ambient magnetic noise limited the achievable sensitivity. A new frequency locking measurement technique was developed to allow for simultaneous measurements between two separate sensors for future differential experiments. This technique provides a host of other benefits including much improved dynamic range and steady-state immunity to fluctuations in linewidth and contrast.
by Carson Teale.
S.M.
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Alsid, Scott T. "Optimizing chemical-vapor-deposition diamond for nitrogen-vacancy center ensemble magnetometry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112367.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2017.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-125).
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has emerged as a promising platform for high-sensitivity, vector magnetic field detection and high spatial resolution magnetic-field imaging due to its unique combination of optical and spin properties. NV diamond magnetometry has enabled a wide array of applications from the noninvasive measurement of a single neuron action potential to the mapping [mu]T-fields in [mu]m-size meteorite grains. To further improve the magnetic sensitivity of an ensemble NV magnetometer, the growth and processing of the host diamond must be taken into account. This thesis presents a systematic study of the effects of diamond processing on bulk chemical-vapor-deposition diamond. In particular, NV charge-state composition and spin decoherence times are measured for diamonds irradiated with 1 MeV electrons at doses of 1x1015-5x1019 e-/cm2 and thermally annealed at temperatures of 850°C and 1250°C. The study provides an optimal range for diamond processing and shows the quenching of the NV center at high irradiation dosage from the creation of additional vacancy-related defects.
by Scott T. Alsid.
S.M.
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Eisenach, Erik Roger. "Tunable and broadband loop gap resonator for nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118052.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-68).
Nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond have emerged as a solid-state analog to atomic systems with applications ranging from room temperature quantum computing to quantum sensing and metrology. To date, with notably few exceptions, all NV applications rely on coherent manipulation of spin states via resonant microwave driving. In this thesis the loop gap resonator (LGR) is presented as a mechanism for the delivery of resonantly enhanced and uniform microwave fields to large volume samples of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Specifically, an S-band tunable LGR and its constituent excitation circuitry are designed and fabricated to enable directionally uniform, strong, homogeneous, and broadband microwave (MW) driving of an NV ensemble over an area larger than 32 mm2 . The LGR design, based on the anode block of a cavity magnetron, demonstrates an average field amplitude of 5 gauss at 42 dBm of input power, and achieves a peak-to-peak field uniformity of 89.5% over an area of 32 mm2 and 97% over an area of 11 mm2 . The broad bandwidth of the LGR is capable of addressing all resonances of an NV ensemble for bias magnetic Fields up to 14 gauss. Furthermore, with cavity ring-down-times in the single nanoseconds, the resonator is compatible with the pulsed MW techniques necessary for a wide range of NV-diamond applications.
by Erik Roger Eisenach.
S.M.
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Bandyopadhyay, Saumil. "Frequency down-conversion for quantum networking with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119544.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-54).
Quantum frequency conversion (QFC) devices are critical to building long-distance quantum networks, which would connect quantum memories located at distant nodes through optical channels for efficient entanglement distribution. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an attractive candidate for these memories because of its long coherence time and the ability to optically write to and read out information from its spin. However, the NV-center fluoresces in the visible range, which experiences strong losses (8 dB/km) in optical fiber and has limited the current distance record for entanglement between two NVs to 1.3 km. Using difference frequency generation, we demonstrate a free-space quantum frequency conversion system that could be used to convert photons emitted by the NV to 1080 nm. This thesis reports the building and characterization of the system, which demonstrates exceptionally high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). While not as optimal as conversion to the telecom C-band, losses at 1080 nm are significantly lower (<2 dB/km), and along with the system's high SNR, should enable much longer distance entanglement experiments than previously achieved.
by Saumil Bandyopadhyay.
M. Eng.
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Holmström, Alexander. "Counting Cars and Determining the Vacancy of a Parking Lotusing Neural Networks." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149689.

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A lot of time, energy and money is being wasted when people are trying tond a parking lot. These elements could be reduced if the driver is provided vacancy information of a parking lot beforehand. In this thesis Google's Object Detection API is implemented and two pre-trained models are being used on the PKLot dataset to detect and count the number of cars in a parking lot. The models are based on a Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) which is explained in more detail. The models are compared with each other and its result presented. The result is presented with three factors in focus, the number of predictions made by the models, the number of cars a model missed to predict and how many objects that were wrongfully predicted. This was then tested on a Raspberry PI with the purpose to avoid using a remote computer for the image processing and prevent potential laws regarding camera surveillance. Finally, we determine if this functionality can actually be delivered using state-of-the-art technology.
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Lopez, Nicolas A. "All-optical method of nanoscale magnetometry for ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103712.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-65).
The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) defect in diamond has shown considerable promise in the field of small scale magnetometry due to its high localization and retention of favorable optical properties at ambient conditions. Current methods of magnetometry with the NV center achieve high sensitivity to fields aligned with the defect axis; however, with most present methods transverse fields are not directly measurable. The all-optical method of NV magnetometry provides a means to detect transverse fields by monitoring changes in the overall fluorescence profile. In this work the all-optical method is extended to ensembles of non-interacting NV centers. By establishing an external bias field aligned with the (1, 1, 1) axis, the magnitude of an unknown transverse field can be unambiguously identified through the measurement of the signal curvature. The angular orientation can be determined up to a two-fold degeneracy by observing the change in signal curvature produced when the bias field is shifted off-axis. The magnetometry method explored in this thesis thus provides good sensitivity to transverse fields, while reducing to a minimum the experimental apparatus required to operate the magnetometer.
by Nicolas A. Lopez.
S.B.
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Oliveira, Felipe de [Verfasser], and Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Wrachtrup. "Forefront engineering of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for quantum technologies / Felipe de Oliveira ; Betreuer: Jörg Wrachtrup." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147381496/34.

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Sakakibara, Reyu. "Electrochemical modulation of fluorescence of nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds for voltage sensing applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97766.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 105-112).
The nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center in diamond has been used to sense environmental variables such as temperature and electric and magnetic fields. Most sensing protocols depend on the optically detectable magnetic resonance of the negatively charged NV- spin state. As such, fluctuations in the NV charge state present a challenge for NV- spin-based sensing. This thesis discusses the electrochemical modulation of NV charge state and fluorescence as the basis for an alternative sensing scheme. An externally applied electrochemical potential shifts the occupation probabilities of the NV in each charge state, which manifest as changes in NV fluorescence intensity and emission spectra. In this thesis, the voltage dependence of fluorescence in high pressure high temperature nanodiamonds is demonstrated in an electrochemical cell. Following this, the mechanisms for NV response to externally applied electrical bias are investigated in other electrochemical cell morphologies, capacitors, and interdigitated electrode arrays. Finally, a design of an optical microscope setup for future studies of NV sensing in nanodiamond is outlined.
by Reyu Sakakibara.
S.M.
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Books on the topic "Vacancy Engineering"

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Fung, Brian. Stress engineering in impurity free vacancy disordering for III-V compound semiconductors: Theory and application. 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vacancy Engineering"

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Bradac, Carlo, Torsten Gaebel, and James R. Rabeau. "Nitrogen-Vacancy Color Centers in Diamond: Properties, Synthesis, and Applications." In Optical Engineering of Diamond, 143–75. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527648603.ch5.

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Shi, Changkun, Huihui Luo, Zongwei Xu, and Fengzhou Fang. "Nitrogen-Vacancy Color Centers in Diamond Fabricated by Ultrafast Laser Nanomachining." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 277–305. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3335-4_11.

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Saha, R., A. Das, A. Karmakar, N. R. Saha, and S. Chattopadhyay. "Investigation of oxygen vacancy induced resistive switching memory behavior in low-temperature grown n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diode." In Computational Science and Engineering, 225–30. CRC Press/Balkema, P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands, e-mail: Pub.NL@taylorandfrancis.com, www.crcpress.com – www.taylorandfrancis.com: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315375021-44.

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Purohit, Dhrumil M., and Ashish B. Deoghare. "Computational Analysis of the Effect of Boron and Nitrogen Dopants on the Mechanical Properties of Graphene with Single Vacancy Defects." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 191–210. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3686-8_16.

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Sakharova, Nataliya A., Jorge M. Antunes, André F. G. Pereira, Marta C. Oliveira, and José V. Fernandes. "The Effect of Vacancy Defects on the Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes: Numerical Simulation Study." In Mechanical and Materials Engineering of Modern Structure and Component Design, 323–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19443-1_26.

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Ou, Changgui, and Yuying Shuai. "Research on design strategies for renovation of vacant existing office buildings." In Advances in Urban Construction and Management Engineering, 54–59. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348023-7.

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Zheng, Huijie, Arne Wickenbrock, Georgios Chatzidrosos, Lykourgos Bougas, Nathan Leefer, Samer Afach, Andrey Jarmola, et al. "Novel Magnetic-Sensing Modalities with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond." In Engineering Applications of Diamond. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95267.

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In modern-day quantum metrology, quantum sensors are widely employed to detect weak magnetic fields or nanoscale signals. Quantum devices, exploiting quantum coherence, are inevitably connected to physical constants and can achieve accuracy, repeatability, and precision approaching fundamental limits. As a result, these sensors have shown utility in a wide range of research domains spanning both science and technology. A rapidly emerging quantum sensing platform employs atomic-scale defects in crystals. In particular, magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond has garnered increasing interest. NV systems possess a combination of remarkable properties, optical addressability, long coherence times, and biocompatibility. Sensors based on NV centers excel in spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity. These diamond-based sensors promise comparable combination of high spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity without cryogenic operation. The above properties of NV magnetometers promise increasingly integrated quantum measurement technology, as a result, they have been extensively developed with various protocols and find use in numerous applications spanning materials characterization, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), condensed matter physics, paleomagnetism, neuroscience and living systems biology, and industrial vector magnetometry. In this chapter, NV centers are explored for magnetic sensing in a number of contexts. In general, we introduce novel regimes for magnetic-field probes with NV ensembles. Specifically, NV centers are developed for sensitive magnetometers for applications where microwaves (MWs) are prohibitively invasive and operations need to be carried out under zero ambient magnetic field. The primary goal of our discussion is to improve the utility of these NV center-based magnetometers.
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Abdulmajeed, Ishraq, Ghalia Nassreddine, Amal A. El Arid, and Joumana Younis. "Machine Learning Approach in Human Resources Department." In Handbook of Research on AI Methods and Applications in Computer Engineering, 271–94. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6937-8.ch013.

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Artificial intelligence is one of the essential innovations made by scientists to simplify people's life. It allows intelligent computers to imitate human behaviors to accomplish specific tasks. Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence in which devices can learn from existing data to predict new output values. Machine learning is used in different domains, including human resources management. This chapter presents an application of machine learning in the human resources department. Machine-learning techniques help select the most suitable candidate for a job vacancy during recruitment stages based on different factors. Factors could include educational level, age, and previous experience. Based on these factors, a decision system is built using the binary classification method. The results show the effectiveness of this method in selecting the best candidate for a job vacancy, revealing the flexibility of the approach in making appropriate decisions. In addition, obtained results are accurate and independent of the dataset imprecision.
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Ghosh, Arka. "Theoretical Analysis of a Microwave Antenna for Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) in NV Centre of Diamond." In Constraint Decision-Making Systems in Engineering, 58–77. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7343-6.ch004.

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The nitrogen vacancy (NV) centre is one of the most popular stable point defect centres in diamond. It acts as a single photon source even at room temperature. In order to analyse the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) with the help of NV colour centre in diamond, an external magnetic field is needed as well as a microwave (MW) antenna. In this chapter, the authors present a simulated model of a microwave antenna and propose further modifications in order to increase the intensity of the microwave field.
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"The optical properties of a-site and oxygen vacancy in KTaO3 crystal." In Information Science and Electronic Engineering, 279–84. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315265278-65.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vacancy Engineering"

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Oviroh, Peter Ozaveshe, Jitian Han, and Tien-Chien Jen. "Simulation of MoS2 Nanolayer Membrane Performance for Water Desalination Using ReaxFF." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10578.

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Abstract The use of nanolayer membrane for desalination is an emerging new technology for water purification. Improvements in nanotechnology have led to the development of a variety of nanolayer membranes such as MoS2 and Graphene for water purification that could replace current materials used for reverse osmosis. The reaction of water on 2D monolayer of Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) was studied using the ReaxFF. Different vacant sites were created such as Mo- and S-vacancy, MoS and S2-divacancy, MoS2 and MoS2-triple for the minimization. The H-O-H and O-H-H molecule demonstrated a stable negative adsorption energy on the different vacancies created, while both the Mo vacancy+H-O-H and the Mo+S2 triple vacancy+O-H-H produced positive binding energies which are unfavourable to adsorption. The molecular dynamics simulation was done to study the factors which could influence membrane performance thereby guide to physical tests. Pore chemistry play a significant role in modulating the water flux and this is explained through the energy barriers.
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2

Gilmer, D. C., G. Bersuker, S. Koveshnikov, M. Jo, A. Kalantarian, B. Butcher, R. Geer, Y. Nishi, P. D. Kirsch, and Raj Jammy. "Asymmetry, Vacancy Engineering and Mechanism for Bipolar RRAM." In 2012 4th IEEE International Memory Workshop (IMW). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imw.2012.6213649.

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3

Halisdemir, U., F. Schleicher, D. J. Kim, B. Taudul, D. Lacour, W. S. Choi, M. Gallart, et al. "Oxygen-vacancy driven tunnelling spintronics across MgO." In SPIE Nanoscience + Engineering, edited by Henri-Jean Drouhin, Jean-Eric Wegrowe, and Manijeh Razeghi. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2239017.

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4

Melker, Alexander I., and Dmitrii B. Mizandrontsev. "Vacancy clusters in α-iron." In Third International Workshop on Nondestructive Testing and Computer Simulations in Science and Engineering, edited by Alexander I. Melker. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.375426.

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5

Trusheim, Matthew E., Diego Scarabelli, Ophir Gaathon, Dirk Englund, and Shalom J. Wind. "Verified Nanoscale Engineering of Localized Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers." In CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2016.ftu3d.4.

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6

Gwilliam, R. M., N. E. B. Cowern, B. Colombeau, B. Sealy, and A. J. Smith. "Ultra-shallow Junction Formation in SOI using Vacancy Engineering." In THE PHYSICS OF IONIZED GASES: 23rd Summer School and International Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases; Invited Lectures, Topical Invited Lectures and Progress Reports. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2406027.

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7

Zhao, Qiang, Zheng Zhang, Yang Li, and Xiaoping Ouyang. "Diffusion of Fission Gas in Uranium Dioxide: A First-Principles Study." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67365.

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Uranium dioxide (UO2) is the typical fuel that is used in nuclear fission reactor, fission gas are produced during and after the reactor operation, and the fission gas have a significant impact on the performance of UO2 in reactor. In this paper, we investigated the effects of the fission gas on the performance of UO2 by using the first-principles calculation method based on the density functional theory. The results are that, the volume of UO2 increased when there is a fission gas atom enter in UO2 supercell; fission gas prefer to occupy the octahedral interstitial site over the uranium vacancy site and the oxygen vacancy site, and the oxygen vacancy site is the most difficult occupied site due to the formation of an oxygen vacancy is more difficult than that of the uranium vacancy; our results of the UO2 elastic constants are in good agreement with other simulation results and experimental data, and the fission gas atoms make the ductility of UO2 decreased. Our works may shed some light on the development of the UO2 fuel and the spent fuel reprocessing.
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8

Lin, Pandong, Junfeng Nie, and Meidan Liu. "Point Defect Effects on Tensile Strength of BCC-Fe Studied by Molecular Dynamics." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16162.

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Abstract BCC-Fe is the critical and major component of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel. With long-tern neutron irradiation, many point defects can be obtained in RPV steel. In this paper, the points defects (interstitial, vacancy and Frenkel pair) effects on the tensile strength of Fe are studied by molecular dynamics simulations at 300K. The uni-axial tensile load is along [001] direction of the Fe samples loading in constant strain rate. The Fe atoms are added or removed randomly to generate point defects. For point defects, three types of point defects can decrease the tensile strength containing yield stress and strain of Fe samples. In addition, the tensile strength decreases with the increase of point defect concentration. With the same defect concentration, interstitials decrease the yield stress the most seriously compared with the vacancies and Frenkel pairs. Apart from that, the morphology and evolution of the microstructure of Fe with point defects are also investigated under tension. Compared with the perfect crystal, the generation of dislocation decreases the tensile strength dramatically. For sample with interstitials, interstitial clusters form and evolve in dislocations loops finally. For sample with vacancis, vacancy may aggregate together and vacancy clusters form as a result, which is seen as precursors of dislocation loop. Notably, the results are meaningful to understand the effects of point defects on tensile strength of BCC-Fe.
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Yang, Xusan, Yujia Liu, Jinyu Wang, Shaohua Zhang, Hao Xie, Xuanze Chen, and Peng Xi. "STED imaging of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Zhiwen Liu. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2023435.

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10

Nesakumar, A. Darwin, T. Suresh, P. Kanimozhi, A. Lokeshwari, T. Manjuparkavi, B. Sarala, and P. Mugilan. "Vehicle seat vacancy identification using image processing technique." In INDUSTRIAL, MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0109641.

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