Relevant bibliographies by topics / UWB

Academic literature on the topic 'UWB'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "UWB"

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Klünder, C., and J. L. ter Haseborg. "Untersuchung der Einkopplungen von UWB-Pulsen auf Funksysteme im 2,4-GHz-ISM-Band." Advances in Radio Science 8 (October 1, 2010): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-8-189-2010.

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Abstract. Dieser Bericht fasst die durchgeführten Messungen zur Abschätzung möglicher Kopplung elektromagnetischer Energie ausgehend von abgestrahlten UWB-Pulsen auf Funkübertragungssysteme im 2,4-GHz-ISM-Band zusammen. Dabei wird genauer auf die sogenannte Frontdoor- und Backdoorkopplung eingegangen. Während für die Abschätzung der Frontdoorkopplung generische PCB-Antennen untersucht wurden, sind für die Backdoorkopplung Standard-USB-Funkmodule zum Einsatz gekommen. Es wird im Gesamten eine Abschätzung gegeben, inwieweit UWB-Pulse Funkübertragungssysteme beeinflussen können. Die durchgeführten Messungen wurden mit Hilfe einer GTEM-Zelle in Verbindung mit dem UWB-Pulsgenerator PBG3 der Firma Kentech durchgeführt. Weiterhin sind die Auswirkungen von UWB-Pulsen auf ein reales Funkübertragungssystem im 2,4-GHz-ISM-Band untersucht worden.
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Kumar, Om Prakash, Pramod Kumar, Tanweer Ali, Pradeep Kumar, and Shweta Vincent. "Ultrawideband Antennas: Growth and Evolution." Micromachines 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010060.

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Narrowband antennas fail to radiate short pulses of nano- or picosecond length over the broader band of frequencies. Therefore, Ultrawideband (UWB) technology has gained momentum over the past couple of years as it utilizes a wide range of frequencies, typically between 3.1–10.6 GHz. UWB antennas have been utilized for various applications such as ground-penetrating radars, disaster management through detection of unexploded mines, medical diagnostics, and commercial applications ranging from USB dongles to detection of cracks in highways and bridges. In the first section of the manuscript, UWB technology is detailed with its importance for future wireless communications systems. In the next section various types of UWB antennas and their design methodology are reviewed, and their important characteristics are highlighted. In section four the concept of a UWB notch antenna is presented. Here various methods to obtain the notch, such as slots, parasitic resonators, metamaterials, and filters are discussed in detail. In addition, various types of important notch antenna design with their technical specifications, advantages, and disadvantages are presented. Finally, the need of reconfigurable UWB notch antennas is discussed in the next section. Here various insight to the design of frequency reconfigurable notch antennas is discussed and presented. Overall, this article aims to showcase the beginnings of UWB technology, the reason for the emergence of notching in specific frequency bands, and ultimately the need for reconfiguring UWB antennas along with their usage.
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Han, Surina, Rongrui Wei, Daorina Han, Jixiao Zhu, Weizao Luo, Wuliji Ao, and Guoyue Zhong. "Hypouricemic Effects of Extracts from Urtica hyperborea Jacq. ex Wedd. in Hyperuricemia Mice through XOD, URAT1, and OAT1." BioMed Research International 2020 (January 30, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2968135.

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Urtica L. has been long used for gout in traditional Tibetan medicine and is closely related to the effect of reducing uric acid. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Urtica hyperborea Jacq. ex Wedd. (UW) on lowering uric acid and its mechanism by using HK2 cells and hyperuricemia mouse model. Petroleum ether extract (UWP), ethyl acetate extract (UWE), n-butanol extract (UWB), and alcohol-soluble extract (UWA) from UW were prepared, and HK2 cells were treated with various parts extracts to observe the expression of uric acid transporter at 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL for 24 h. Moreover, hyperuricemia mice were administered orally various parts extracts at 0.78 and 2.34 g/kg (crude drug dose converted by extraction rate) to observe the change of hepatic XOD, serum ADA, renal function, and uric acid transporter. In vitro experiments showed that UWA can remarkably elevate OAT1 expression and decrease URAT1 expression in HK2 cells. In vivo experiments showed that UWP, UWE, UWB, and UWA showed remarkable activity in reducing uric acid, rendering a substantial decline in the SUA level in hyperuricemia mice. Compared with the hyperuricemia and allopurinol groups, UWB and UWA had significant protective effects on renal injury. At the same time, UWA can significantly reduce the activity of XOD and ADA, reduce the expression of URAT1, and increase the expression of OAT1. These results indicated that UWA had an outstanding uric acid lowering effect and did not affect renal function. This may be related to increased uric acid excretion and decreased uric acid production, mediated by renal OAT1, URAT1, liver XOD, and serum ADA. UWA may be a potential drug against hyperuricemia.
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Lim, Yohan, Young Joong Yoon, and Byungwoon Jung. "Parasitic-Element-Loaded UWB Antenna with Band-Stop Function for Mobile Handset Wireless USB." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/427841.

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A UWB antenna loaded by parasitic elements for wireless USB of mobile handsets is proposed for UWB service in which a band-stop function of 5.725–5.825 GHz WLAN band is required. Two kinds of parasitic elements are incorporated into a rectangular radiator to obtain enhanced impedance bandwidth and band-stop function. The proposed antenna is very compact in size. Wide bandwidths of 3.15–4.75 GHz and 7.2–10.2 GHz are achieved while 5.725–5.825 GHz is notched. Three different shapes of conventional mobile terminals are also considered for measurement.
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Ubong, Uwem U., Akanimo D. Akpan, Ifiok O. Ekwere, and Ema-Ime J. Uwanta. "Human Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Water, Sediments and Edible Fish Species Collected from Idu-Uruan Beach, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International 27, no. 8 (July 20, 2023): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jgeesi/2023/v27i8698.

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Aim: This study evaluates human health risk assessment of trace metals particularly [Chromium(Cr), Copper(Cu), Manganese(Mn), Lead(Pb), and Zinc(Zn)] in water, sediments and edible fish species collected from Idu-Uruan Beach, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Study Design: Sediments, water and fish were collected from Esuk River Idu Uruan. Methodology: The water samples were collected in 1 liter sterile polyethylene plastic container in triplet. Sediments samples were also collected in triplicates from the same site where water samples were sampled and preserved in polyethylene bags. A total of 25 fish samples (5 of each species) were also randomly collected from Esuk River. The total samples collected were 29.The samples were digested with aqua regia (HCl and HNO3; 3:1) and analysed with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for Cu, Mn, Cr, Zn and Pb. Results: Results showed that trace metals were accumulated more in the gills than in the muscles as such consumption of the gills is more detrimental to health than the muscle. Trace metals were accumulated more in water collected at the bank of the river (UWB) than in water collected at the middle of the river(UWA) as such UWB was more polluted than UWA. Also trace metals were accumulated more in sediment collected at the bank of the river (USB) than in sediment collected at the middle of the river (USA), implying that USB was more polluted than USA. The estimated daily intake, hazard index and hazard quotient via ingestion pathway for all the investigated metals were less than unity. Conclusion: Water and sediments in Esuk River, Idu Uruan is not highly polluted. Frequent monitoring of the aquatic environment is advocated to detect and prevent cumulative effect of trace metal pollutants in edible fishes, which may result in health risk in humans.
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Labade, Rekha P., Avinash Tambe, Shankar Baburao Deosarkar, and Narayan Pisharoty. "PLANAR MONOPOLE UWB ANTENNA FOR USB DONGLE APPLICATION." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 60 (2015): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc15092303.

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Poulose, Alwin, and Dong Seog Han. "UWB Indoor Localization Using Deep Learning LSTM Networks." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 6290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186290.

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Localization using ultra-wide band (UWB) signals gives accurate position results for indoor localization. The penetrating characteristics of UWB pulses reduce the multipath effects and identify the user position with precise accuracy. In UWB-based localization, the localization accuracy depends on the distance estimation between anchor nodes (ANs) and the UWB tag based on the time of arrival (TOA) of UWB pulses. The TOA errors in the UWB system, reduce the distance estimation accuracy from ANs to the UWB tag and adds the localization error to the system. The position accuracy of a UWB system also depends on the line of sight (LOS) conditions between the UWB anchors and tag, and the computational complexity of localization algorithms used in the UWB system. To overcome these UWB system challenges for indoor localization, we propose a deep learning approach for UWB localization. The proposed deep learning model uses a long short-term memory (LSTM) network for predicting the user position. The proposed LSTM model receives the distance values from TOA-distance model of the UWB system and predicts the current user position. The performance of the proposed LSTM model-based UWB localization system is analyzed in terms of learning rate, optimizer, loss function, batch size, number of hidden nodes, timesteps, and we also compared the mean localization accuracy of the system with different deep learning models and conventional UWB localization approaches. The simulation results show that the proposed UWB localization approach achieved a 7 cm mean localization error as compared to conventional UWB localization approaches.
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Immoreev, I. "About UWB." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 18, no. 11 (November 2003): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.2003.1246581.

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Allen, B., M. Ghavami, H. Aghvami, and A. Armogida. "UWB technology." Communications Engineer 1, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ce:20030502.

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Jiang, Shaohua, Miroslaw J. Skibniewski, Yongbo Yuan, Chengshuang Sun, and Yujie Lu. "ULTRA-WIDE BAND APPLICATIONS IN INDUSTRY: A CRITICAL REVIEW / ULTRAPLAČIOS JUOSTOS BANGŲ TAIKYMAS PRAMONĖJE: KRITINĖ APŽVALGA." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 17, no. 3 (September 20, 2011): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2011.596317.

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As a radically distinct wireless communication approach compared to traditional narrow band systems, ULTRA-WIDE BAND (UWB) technology has been applied in various sectors and is gaining in popularity, but there appears to be a lack of systematic summary of the potential of this technology. To provide insights into UWB technology for the uninitiated reader, this paper explores the state-of-the-art research and development of UWB applications in many sectors including the construction industry without concerning the technological details. First this paper presents the key concepts related to UWB technology and a brief history of UWB. Then it summarizes the UWB's technical features which enable its popularity in industry. Finally, application examples of UWB technology in many sectors, including construction, are presented to analyze and highlight the impact on the industry performance. In the near future UWB technology is expected to become a very important component and have far-reaching impact in ubiquitous computing. Santrauka Bevielio ryšio ultraplačios juostos bangų (UWB) technologija, radikaliai besiskirianti nuo tradicinės siauros juostos sistemų, buvo plačiai taikoma įvairiuose sektoriuose ir tampa vis populiaresnė, tačiau akivaizdu, kad vis dar trūksta susistemintos šios technologijos galimybių apžvalgos. Siekiant pateikti įžvalgas apie UWB technologiją, šiame straipsnyje analizuojami dabartiniai UWB technologijos tyrimai ir UWB taikymas įvairiuose sektoriuose, įskaitant statybą, nenagrinėjant technologinių detalių. Pirmiausia šiame straipsnyje pristatomos pagrindinės sąvokos, susijusios su UWB technologija ir UWB technologijos istorine raida. Tada susisteminamos techninės UWB technologijos charakteristikos, kurios lemia jos populiarumą pramonėje. Galiausiai analizuojami UWB technologijos taikymo pavyzdžiai įvairiuose sektoriuose, įskaitant statybą, atkreipiant dėmesį į jų poveikį pramonės veiklai. Netolimoje ateityje UWB technologija turėtų tapti labai svarbi ir turėti ilgalaikį poveikį visuotinei kompiuterizacijai.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "UWB"

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Santhanam, Manisundaram. "UWB technology and its application." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-16970.

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Despite the fact ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has been around for over 30 years, there is a newfound excitement about its potential for communications. With the advantageous qualities of multipath immunity and low power spectral density, researchers are examining fundamental questions about UWB communication systems. Majorly the whole report gives a complete picture about properties of UWB signal and its advantages and disadvantages, generation of the UWB pulse using various techniques, Modulation scheme, Test bed, applications, UWB regulations. The report mainly concerns with the survey about various techniques and also its comparison of generating UWB pulses using various components. There is a general description on various modulation and demodulation scheme that are relevant to UWB technology and its various applications concerning different fields.   This report clearly explains how UWB is far better than RFID and difference between active and passive RFID and its communication protocol, message format. Clear explanation about advantage of higher operating frequencies and low power spectral density. Properties of UWB pulse gives clear idea why we go for UWB and in near future lot of applications will discover. Generation of UWB is a tedious process and in this report readers can understand the various method of generation its advantages and its drawbacks. Modulation and demodulation scheme gives clear idea about how UWB are modulated and demodulated as well as its probability of error and in which situation which modulation is suitable. By using future testbed concept, smaller size UWB chip will be designed and used in various application efficiently. Application gives clear idea about how to take advantage of various properties.
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Voinot, Stanislas. "Analyse et développement d'un système de communication radio fréquence ULB à faible consommation." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10098.

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La technologie ULB (Ultra Large Bande) Radio a été développée au milieu des années quatre-vingt -dix. C'est une technologie à très large étalement de spectre (de plusieurs GHz). Enfévrier 2002, la FCC (Federal Communications Commission), après des études de compatibilité électromagnétique, a donné un avis favorable à l'utilisation de l'ULB Radio. Ceci a montré une intensification des travaux de recherches et de développement dans ce domaine. La thèse a été orientée vers l'étude de l'ULB, comme technologie d'accès radio, pour des réseaux locaux mobiles à courte portée (JO m) et à débit moyen (-lMb/s). Ces réseaux peuvent être considérés comme une alternative aux systèmes existants du type Bluetooth, DECT ou IEEE 802. 11 b, sans pour autant être limités par l'utilisation de bandes spectrales prédéfinies. Les puissances autorisées à l'émission par les législations étant très faibles, des modulations ont été développées pour permettre le maximum de puissance à l'émission, tout en conservant une structure simple à mettre en œuvre. A partir de ces modulations, le travail a consisté à simuler et à développer différentes structures de front-end radio ULB, en vue d'une intégration sur silicium. Les études et les architectures de télécommunications menées ont été intégrées sur des dispositifs submicroniques. Des collaborations ont été obtenues avec des producteurs de circuits intégrés, et des fournisseurs d'antennes
The wireless UWB technology developed in the middle 90. It is a technology with broad spread spectrum (several GHz). Ln February 2002 the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) after studying electromagnetic compatibility, gave a favorable opinion to the use of the ULB Radio. This showed an intensification of research and development in this field. The thesis has been oriented towards the study of the ULB as radio access technology for LANs mobile short-range (JO meters) and medium rate (- 1 Mb / s). These networks are considered as an alternative to the existing systems of the type Bluetooth, DECT or IEEE 802. 11b, but they are not limited by the use of predefined spectral bands. The powers authorized by the legislation are very low. A modulation method has been developed to provide maximum transmitted power with a simple receiver structure. The modulation method was simulated. A RF front end has designed and implemented as a single integrated circuit
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Ramos, Sparrow Oswaldo. "Modélisation et conception d’un récepteur non cohérent ultra large bande pour les communications ULB radio impulsionnelle dans la bande 3-5 GHz." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4091/document.

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Ce travail de recherche est basé sur la technologie Ultra Large Bande (ULB), en particulier pour des applications bas débit (standard IEEE 802.15.4) tels que les réseaux de capteurs, les transmissions WPAN ou encore WBAN. La modélisation et la conception d’un récepteur non cohérent ULB pour les communications radio impulsionnelles ont été réalisées. Un des facteurs les plus importants dans les communications ULB est la sensibilité du récepteur, qui détermine la portée de transmission maximale. Un autre facteur aussi important est la consommation d’énergie qui influence directement la durée de vie de la source d’alimentation (batterie). Dans ce contexte, nous présentons dans le chapitre I une introduction sur la technologie ULB et ses diverses applications. Le chapitre II présente la modélisation au niveau système ainsi que d’une étude comparative des récepteurs non cohérents basés sur la détection d’énergie et la pseudo-Détection d’énergie. Dans le chapitre III sont présentés la méthode de conception et de réalisation d’un récepteur non cohérent ULB dans la bande de 3-5 GHz, ainsi que les résultats de mesure et ses performances en termes de sensibilité et de consommation d’énergie. Finalement, le chapitre IV présente une étude théorique sur les différents modes de fonctionnement du transistor MOS afin de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de chaque bloc du récepteur. Cela permet de proposer de nouvelles architectures pour la détection d’énergie. Enfin, à partir de ces études nous réalisons l’optimisation du récepteur en termes de sensibilité et de consommation d’énergie
This research is based on Ultra Wide Band (UWB) technology, in particularly for low-Rate applications such as sensor network, WPAN and WBAN (for the standard IEEE 802.15.4). The model and design of a non coherent receiver for UWB impulse radio communications has been completed. One of the most important factors in the UWB communications is the receiver sensitivity which determines the maximum transmission range. Another important factor is the energy consumption that determines the lifetime of the power source (battery). In this context, we present in Chapter I an introduction to UWB technology and its different applications. Chapter II deals with a modeling at the system level of non-Coherent receivers as well as a comparative study based on the energy detection and pseudo energy detection. In Chapter III is presented the method of design and implementation of a non-Coherent UWB receiver in the band of 3-5 GHz, as well as measurement results and performance in terms of sensitivity and power consumption. Finally, Chapter IV presents a theoretical study on the different modes of operation of the MOS transistor to understand the operation of each block of the receiver. This allows us to show the new architectures for energy detection and perform the optimization of receiver in terms of sensitivity and power consumption
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Gao, Xiangjian. "UWB Indoor Localization System." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10813674.

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This thesis report has introduced the UWB Indoor Localization System. In the beginning, this thesis report has explained the Indoor Localization System and presented existing techniques (such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth) to construct an Indoor Localization System. Then, this thesis report has discussed the Ultra Wideband Radio fundamentals to analyze its construction and operating mechanism. During the transmission, the UWB signals will pass an additive white Gaussian noise channel with multipath effects, which cause errors in the values of bits. This thesis report has studied different solutions (such as Modulation Methods and Rake Receiver) to improve the bit error rate in different situations (such as Multipath-free AWGN channel). Next, this thesis report utilizes the UWB Radio fundamentals to show and compare different positioning algorithms (such as TOA and AOA). This thesis report focuses on TOA algorithm. For TOA algorithm, this thesis report has analyzed the IEEE UWB standards and the UWB Radio fundamentals to present and compare different types of receivers. Finally, this thesis report has studied algorithms (such as WLS) to solve non-linear equations to find the position of a mobile station with NLOS effects. In this thesis report, an algorithm (removing excess delay) has been used to mitigate NLOS effects with the simulation based on IEEE 802.15.4a channels. The simulation results are shown in chapter 12, and the average positioning error is around 7 cm.

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Montojo-Bennassar, Juan I. "Adaptive OFDM-based UWB." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3356337.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 9, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-118).
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Akbar, Rizwan. "Contribution à la conception d'un système de radio impulsionnelle ultra large bande intelligent." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870970.

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Face à une demande sans cesse croissante de haut débit et d'adaptabilité des systèmes existants, qui à son tour se traduit par l'encombrement du spectre, le développement de nouvelles solutions dans le domaine des communications sans fil devient nécessaire afin de répondre aux exigences des applications émergentes. Parmi les innovations récentes dans ce domaine, l'ultra large bande (UWB) a suscité un vif intérêt. La radio impulsionnelle UWB (IR-UWB), qui est une solution intéressante pour réaliser des systèmes UWB, est caractérisée par la transmission des impulsions de très courte durée, occupant une largeur de bande allant jusqu'à 7,5 GHz, avec une densité spectrale de puissance extrêmement faible. Cette largeur de bande importante permet de réaliser plusieurs fonctionnalités intéressantes, telles que l'implémentation à faible complexité et à coût réduit, la possibilité de se superposer aux systèmes à bande étroite, la diversité spatiale et la localisation très précise de l'ordre centimétrique, en raison de la résolution temporelle très fine.Dans cette thèse, nous examinons certains éléments clés dans la réalisation d'un système IR-UWB intelligent. Nous avons tout d'abord proposé le concept de radio UWB cognitive à partir des similarités existantes entre l'IR-UWB et la radio cognitive. Dans sa définition la plus simple, un tel système est conscient de son environnement et s'y adapte intelligemment. Ainsi, nous avons tout d'abord focalisé notre recherché sur l'analyse de la disponibilité des ressources spectrales (spectrum sensing) et la conception d'une forme d'onde UWB adaptative, considérées comme deux étapes importantes dans la réalisation d'une radio cognitive UWB. Les algorithmes de spectrum sensing devraient fonctionner avec un minimum de connaissances a priori et détecter rapidement les utilisateurs primaires. Nous avons donc développé de tels algorithmes utilisant des résultats récents sur la théorie des matrices aléatoires, qui sont capables de fournir de bonnes performances, avec un petit nombre d'échantillons. Ensuite, nous avons proposé une méthode de conception de la forme d'onde UWB, vue comme une superposition de fonctions B-splines, dont les coefficients de pondération sont optimisés par des algorithmes génétiques. Il en résulte une forme d'onde UWB qui est spectralement efficace et peut s'adapter pour intégrer les contraintes liées à la radio cognitive. Dans la 2ème partie de cette thèse, nous nous sommes attaqués à deux autres problématiques importantes pour le fonctionnement des systèmes UWB, à savoir la synchronisation et l'estimation du canal UWB, qui est très dense en trajets multiples. Ainsi, nous avons proposé plusieurs algorithmes de synchronisation, de faible complexité et sans séquence d'apprentissage, pour les modulations BPSK et PSM, en exploitant l'orthogonalité des formes d'onde UWB ou la cyclostationnarité inhérente à la signalisation IR-UWB. Enfin, nous avons travaillé sur l'estimation du canal UWB, qui est un élément critique pour les récepteurs Rake cohérents. Ainsi, nous avons proposé une méthode d'estimation du canal basée sur une combinaison de deux approches complémentaires, le maximum de vraisemblance et la décomposition en sous-espaces orthogonaux,d'améliorer globalement les performances.
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Piratla, Dinakara Phaneendra Kumar. "Synchronization in Impulse Based Ultra Wideband Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33654.

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In Impulse Radio based Ultra Wide Band (UWB) systems, where sub-nano second pulses are used, synchronization is very challenging because of their short pulse duration and very low duty cycle.

Coherent detection of ultra wide-band signals requires complex channel estimation algorithms. In impulse based UWB systems, suboptimal receivers that require no channel estimation are proposed for low data rate applications using non coherent detection of energy. This approach requires integrators that collect energy and detect the incoming stream of bits for detection and synchronization. These techniques yield reasonable performance when compared to coherent detection techniques that require complex hardware and dissipate more energy.

Non-coherent detection is a promising technique for low complexity, low cost and low data rate ultra-wideband communication applications like sensor area networks. In the past, several attempts have been made to characterize the performance of the energy collection receivers for synchronization using various metrics that include time of arrival and BER measurements. A comprehensive study of the synchronization problem using Probability of False Alarm is limited.

The current thesis attempts to characterize the synchronization problem using Probability of False Alarm and Probability of Detection under various channel models and also discusses the importance of the length of the integration window for energy collection receivers. The current work also focuses on the performance evaluation of synchronization for Impulse based UWB systems using energy capture method and modeling them using the Probability of False Alarm and Probability of Detection under various channel models. In these systems, the integration region of a receiver integrator significantly affects the bit error rate (BER) performance. The effect of the integration window on the performance of the algorithm is also studied.

This work also discusses the trade-offs between complexity and precision in using these algorithms for synchronization of Impulse based Direct Sequence Ultra Wideband Systems (DS-UWB). Signal to Noise Ratio vs. Probability of Detection, Probability of False Alarm are plotted for different channel models.
Master of Science

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Lande, Håvard. "UWB-IR for biomedisinske sensornettverk." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10381.

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Ved behandling og restitusjon av pasienter må pasientenes kroppsfunksjoner overvåkes. Typiske funksjoner som må overvåkes er blodtrykk, elektrokardiogram og akselerometerdata. Dette er til nå stort sett gjort ved å benytte kabelbaserte løsninger og en overgang til en trådløs teknologi vil kunne føre til større bevegelsesfrihet hos pasientene. En trådløs teknologi gir også mulighet for å overvåke pasientene utenfor sykehuset fire vegger. Et større velvære og et kortere opphold på sykehuset vil kunne bidra til en kortere restitusjonstid for pasientene. Ultra-Wide-Band Impulse Radio (UWB-IR) er en teknologi som har fått stor oppmerksomhet de siste årene på grunn av en rekke unike egenskaper som god gjennomtrengning av objekter, sikker overføring, lite støy, gode flerveisegenskaper, mulighet for nøyaktig posisjonering, og lavt energiforbruk sammenliknet med andre trådløse kommunikasjonsteknologier. Fokuset på UWB-IR teknologien startet i 2002 da Federal Communications Commission (FCC) i USA frigjorde en stor båndbredde (3.1-10.6 $GHz$) til bruk ved lave sendereffekter (-41.3 $dBm/MHz$ EIRP). UWB-IR teknologien benytter seg av en teknikk som baserer seg på å sende veldig korte pulser(i størrelsesorden nanosekunder) med høy rate. Båndbredden til signalet vil da være begrenset av pulsen som benyttes. Ofte benyttes ulike ordens deriverte gaussiske pulser da effektspekteret til disse pulsene vil lett kunne tilpasses for å oppfylle FCC kravet. Da trådløse biomedisinske sensornettverk benyttes til overvåkning av vitale kroppsfunksjoner, stiller dette strenge krav til transmisjonssystemet både med hensyn til stabilitet, robusthet og energiforbruk. Når sensornodene er montert så tett på kroppen vil dette gjør det vesentlig mer krevende å oppfylle disse kravene på grunn av den direktive effekten som vil oppstå når små antenner er montert så tett på kroppen, og på grunn av skjermingen som vil oppstå når nodene er montert på ulike sider av kroppen. Lite forskning er i dag gjort rundt ytelsen til et UWB-IR basert transmisjonssystem når signalet forplanter seg rundt kroppen. I oppgaven er det derfor først ved simulering sett på ytelsen til det fysiske laget når trådløse sensornoder er montert rundt på kroppen. Det er i simuleringen både blitt benyttet en vanlig 2-PPM-TH korrelasjonsmottaker, og en RAKE mottaker som utnytter multi-path (MP) forplantningen til signalet. Det er også blitt sett på muligheten for å øke antall pulser per bit for å redusere BER uten å øke sendereffekten. Nodene er blitt plassert rundt på ulike steder på kroppen for å se hvordan dette vil påvirke ytelsen til systemet. Simuleringene er basert på en meget avansert kanalmodell som er utviklet av IMEC som er en belgisk forskningsinstitusjon. Denne modellen har også blitt godkjent som test modell for den nye 802.15.4a lav-rate UWB standarden. Modellen tar både hensyn til komponenter som skyldes diffraksjon rundt kroppen, og refleksjoner fra rommet rundt. Da FCC har satt strenge begrensninger på sendereffekten, vil det være viktig å utnytte den tilgjenglige båndbredden best mulig. Det er derfor sett på ulike metoder som kan benyttes for å få et spekter som best mulig fyller FCC emisjons masken. Dette inkluderer blant annet tilpassning av spredekoden, og bifasekoding av pulsene. Basert på simuleringene er det kommet frem til en rekke faktorer som vil være viktig for å kunne tilby et mest mulig effektivt og optimalt transmisjonssystem både med hensyn på robusthet, kompleksitet og energiforbruk. Bifasekoding har vist seg å være ekstremt effektivt for å unngå topper i spektert, og dermed kunne øke sendereffekten. Dersom det benyttes en lang nok sekvens på bifasekoden, vil effektspektraltettheten (PSD) til det utsendte signalet tilsvare PSD til en enkelt puls. Noe som gjør det vesentlig enklere å konstruere et transmisjonssystem som oppfyller FCC kravene, for det vil da ikke være nødvendig å ta hensyn til modulasjonen av pulsene. Korreksjon for forvrengningen og MP forplantningen til signalet har vist seg å være helt avgjørende for å kunne få tilfredsstillende prestasjon på transmisjonssystemet. Dette gjelder spesielt noder som er plassert på ulik side av kroppen. Når en RAKE mottaker benyttes vil det på grunn av kompleksiteten være fordelaktig å tilpasse antall fingre i mottakeren basert på posisjonen til noden. Når mottakeren er plassert på fremsiden av kroppen, vil henholdsvis 1,4, og 8 fingre i mottakeren være optimalt når sendernodene er montert på fremsiden, siden, og baksiden av kroppen. Den store spredningen av MP komponenter har vist seg å gi opphav til vesentlig intersymbolinterferens dersom dette ikke tas hensyn til i transmisjonssystemet. Når 2-PPM-TH benyttes vil dette kunne gjøres ved å tilpasse TH koden for å sikre tilstrekkelig avstand mellom etterfølgende pulser. For å få tilfredsstillende BER vil det også være nødvendig å benytte flere pulser per bit. Når en RAKE mottakeren plassert på fremsiden av kroppen benyttes, har henholdsvis 1-2, 5-6, og 11-15 vist seg å gi tilfredsstillende ytelse for mottak fra noder som befinner seg på fremsiden, siden, og baksiden av kroppen. Det er også blitt sett på ulike metoder for krysslagsoptimering, og resultatene fra BAN simuleringen er blitt benyttet for å kunne vurdere deler av disse. Krysslagsoptimering går i hovedsak ut på å utveksle informasjon på tvers av lagene som ellers ikke vil være tilgjenglig i tradisjonell laginndeling som for eksempel i OSI-modellen. I stede for å se på lagene individuelt vil det ved å åpne mellom lagene kunne konstruere en mer optimal totalløsning. Det er blitt sett på 3 mulige krysslagsmetoder. Dette inkluderer forenklet ruting ved kryssoptimering mellom nettverk- og MAC laget, kryssoptimering som utnytter posisjonering og kryssoptimering mellom det fysiske laget og MAC laget. Til slutt er det blitt sett på en MAC protokoll med navnet DCC-MAC som utnytter kryssoptimering mot det fysiske laget. Det er kommet frem til at kryssoptimering som utnytter posisjonering vil kunne benyttes for tilpassning av TH koden, og dermed unngå ISI. DCC-MAC har også en del egenskaper som trolig vil kunne gi økt ytelse i et biomedisinsk sensornettverk. Dette inkluderer blant annet dynamisk kanalkoding, og Interference Mitigation som er en metode for å bedre kunne håndtere pulskollisjoner. Derimot vil det trolig være nødvendig å gjøre noen tilpassninger av protokollen for å bedre kunne håndtere effekten av ISI.

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Ruengwaree, Amnoiy. "Design of UWB radar sensors." Kassel Kassel Univ. Press, 2007. http://www.uni-kassel.de/hrz/db4/extern/dbupress/publik/abstract.php?978-3-89958-358-8.

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Ruengwaree, Amnoiy. "Design of UWB radar sensors /." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2008. http://www.uni-kassel.de/hrz/db4/extern/dbupress/publik/abstract.php?978-3-89958-358-8.

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Books on the topic "UWB"

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WiMedia UWB: Technology of choice for wireless USB, high rate Bluetooth and IP over UWB. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley, 2008.

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Wood, Stephen R. Essentials of UWB. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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Yunker, John. Ultra-wideband (UWB) unleashed: What operators need to know about UWB applications and vendors. [Cambridge, Mass.]: Pyramid Research, 2003.

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Yŏn'guwŏn, Han'guk Chŏnja T'ongsin. Ch'ogosok mŏlt'imidiŏ chŏnsong UWB sollusyŏn kaebal: Development UWB solution for high speed multimedia transmission. [Kyŏnggi-do Kwach'ŏn-si]: Chisik Kyŏngjebu, 2009.

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Yŏnʼguwŏn, Hanʼguk Chŏnja Tʻongsin, and Korea (South) Chŏngbo Tʻongsinbu, eds. UWB kisul mit musŏn 1394 SoC kaebal =: Development of wireless 1394 SoC and UWB technology. [Seoul]: Chŏngbo Tʻongsinbu, 2006.

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Panel, OSD/DARPA Ultra-Wideband Radar Review. Assessment of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. Arlington, VA: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, 1990.

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Lembrikov, Boris. Novel application of the UWB technologies. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2012.

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João, Goes, and Steiger-Garção Adolfo, eds. Low power UWB CMOS radar sensors. [Dordrecht]: Springer, 2008.

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Emami, Shahriar. UWB Communication Systems: Conventional and 60 GHz. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6753-3.

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L, Mokole Eric, Kragalott Mark, Gerlach Karl R, and International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics (6th : 2002 : Annapolis, Md.), eds. Ultra-wideband short-pulse electromagnetics 6: UWB SP6. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "UWB"

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Terré, Michel, Mylène Pischella, and Emmanuelle Vivier. "UWB." In Wireless Telecommunication Systems, 155–65. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118625422.ch6.

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Emami, Shahriar. "UWB Preliminaries." In UWB Communication Systems: Conventional and 60 GHz, 1–20. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6753-3_1.

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Ghavami, Mohammad, and Kaveh Heidary. "UWB Beamforming." In Ultra-Wideband, 241–58. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470056843.ch12.

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Matila, Tommi, Marja Kosamo, Tero Patana, Pekka Jakkula, Taavi Hirvonen, and Ian Oppermann. "UWB Antennas." In UWB Theory and Applications, 129–56. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470869194.ch6.

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Chen, Zhi Ning, Xianming Qing, and Shie Ping See. "Printed UWB Antennas." In Microstrip and Printed Antennas, 305–43. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470973370.ch10.

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Emami, Shahriar. "UWB Channel Modeling." In UWB Communication Systems: Conventional and 60 GHz, 21–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6753-3_2.

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Emami, Shahriar. "UWB Modulation Schemes." In UWB Communication Systems: Conventional and 60 GHz, 95–112. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6753-3_5.

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Apsel, Alyssa, Xiao Wang, and Rajeev Dokania. "UWB Networking Analysis." In Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 121–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1845-0_7.

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Nguyen, Cam, and Jeongwoo Han. "UWB Transmitter Design." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 25–45. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9578-9_3.

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Nguyen, Cam, and Jeongwoo Han. "UWB Receiver Design." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 47–75. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9578-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "UWB"

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Jiménez, Antonio R., Jorge Godoy, and Fernando Seco. "Evaluación de un sistema de radio UWB para posicionamiento preciso de vehículos." In Actas de las XXXVII Jornadas de Automática 7, 8 y 9 de septiembre de 2016, Madrid. Universidade da Coruña, Servizo de Publicacións, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498081.0360.

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En este trabajo presentamos la evaluación de un equipo de balizas de radio Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) como sistema complementario de posicionamiento de vehículos en entornos con pobre cobertura GPS. La evaluación del sistema UWB usa como referencia verdadera un sistema RTK-GPS con precisión centimétrica. Las pruebas realizadas en las pistas del CAR muestran que el sistema UWB permite realizar mediciones de rango hasta 90 metros de distancia con precisión submétrica en la mayoría de las medidas y con la aparición de pocos outliers. Colocando 6 nodos UWB en el entorno y dos nodos en el techo de un coche, y utilizando un filtro de Kalman extendido, es posible localizar en 2D y en orientación con buena precisión (0.8 m y 10 grados, respectivamente en el 90% de los casos). El estudio marca las bases para una posible utilización de UWB en otros entornos (subterráneos o parkings) y en labores de cooperación entre vehículos (platooning).
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Xu, Rui, Y. Jin, Meng Miao, and Cam Nguyen. "UWB CMOS transmitters for UWB communications." In 2013 National Conference on Communications (NCC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ncc.2013.6487919.

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See, Terence S. P., and Zhi Ning Chen. "A Small UWB Antenna for Wireless USB." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icuwb.2007.4380941.

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Leenaerts, Domine M. W. ""WiMedia UWB technology: 480Mb/s wireless USB"." In 2007 IEEE International Workshop on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfit.2007.4444004.

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Leenaerts, D., R. van de Beek, J. Bergervoet, H. Kundur, and G. van der Weide. "WiMedia UWB technology: 480Mb/s wireless USB." In 2007 IEEE International Workshop on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfit.2007.4443907.

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Bhattacharjee, Sweta, Sushmita Saha, Arkya Santra, Jeet Banerjee, and Rowdra Ghatak. "A UWB Antenna with Bandwidth Enhancement for 5G, IoT, USB-dongle and UWB wireless applications." In 2019 IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tensymp46218.2019.8971321.

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Matsuzaki, Keigo, and Hisao Iwasaki. "USB Memory Size Broadband Monopole Antenna for UWB." In 2007 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2007.4394465.

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Morsy, Mohamed M., and Frances J. Harackiewicz. "A miniaturized UWB antenna for worldwide wireless USB." In the American Electromagnetics Conference (AMEREM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/antem.2010.5552479.

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"UWB Transceivers." In 2006 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2006.1696067.

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Ingels, Mark, and Domine Leenaerts. "UWB Potpourri." In 2008 International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2008.4523083.

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Reports on the topic "UWB"

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Kramer, B., M. Lee, C. C. Chen, G. Kiziltas, J. L. Volakis, and J. H. Holloran. UWB Conformal Antennas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425105.

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Qiu, Robert C. Time-Reversal for UWB Communications Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada455574.

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TACTICAL TECHNOLOGY CENTER COLUMBUS OH. Assessment of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Technology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada233624.

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Miller, L. E. Validation of 802.11a/UWB Coexistence Simulation. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.wctg.10-17-2003.

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Brocato, Robert Wesley. FDTD simulation tools for UWB antenna analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/920838.

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Padgett, Jay E., John C. Koshy, and Anthony A. Triolo. Physical-Layer Modeling of UWB Interference Effects. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada525522.

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Hutchinson, Bradley C. Development of power spiral antenna for UWB applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1124899.

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Carin, Lawrence. Efficient Electromagnetic Scattering Models for UWB SAR Calibration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada572039.

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Dogaru, Traian. Doppler Processing with Ultra-wideband (UWB) Impulse Radar. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada595731.

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Calderon, Martha A., and Robert C. Qiu. Time Reversal for Ultra-wideband (UWB) Sensor Networking. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada482642.

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