Relevant bibliographies by topics / UVGI

Academic literature on the topic 'UVGI'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "UVGI"

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Green, Christopher F., Pasquale V. Scarpino, Paul Jensen, Nancy J. Jensen, and Shawn G. Gibbs. "Disinfection of selected Aspergillus spp. using ultraviolet germicidal irradiation." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w04-002.

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Aims: The efficacy of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) and the UVGI dose necessary to inactivate fungal spores on an agar surface for cultures of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus were determined. Methods and results: A four-chambered UVGI testing unit with a 9-W, Phillips, low pressure, mercury UVGI lamp in each chamber was used in this study. An aperture was adjusted to provide 50, 100, 150, and 200 µW/cm2 of uniform flux to the surfaces of the Petri dish, resulting in a total UVGI dose to the surface of the Petri dishes ranging from 12 to 96 mJ/cm2. The UVGI dose necessary to inactivate 90% of the A. flavus and A. fumigatus was 35 and 54 mJ/cm2, respectively. Conclusions: UVGI can be used to inactivate culturable fungal spores. Aspergillus flavus was more susceptible than A. fumigatus to UVGI. Significance and impact of the study: These results may not be directly correlated to the effect of UVGI on airborne fungal spores, but they indicate that current technology may not be efficacious as a supplement to ventilation unless it can provide higher doses of UVGI to kill spores traveling through the irradiated zone.Key words: Aspergillus, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, fungi.
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Green, Christopher F., Craig S. Davidson, Pasquale V. Scarpino, and Shawn G. Gibbs. "Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation disinfection of Stachybotrys chartarum." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 51, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 801–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w05-061.

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The ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) dose necessary to inactivate fungal spores on an agar surface and the efficacy of UVGI were determined for cultures of Stachybotrys chartarum (ATCC 208877). This study employed a UVGI testing unit consisting of four chambers with a 9-W, Phillips, low pressure, mercury UVGI lamp in each chamber. The testing unit's apertures were adjusted to provide 50, 100, 150, and 200 µW/cm2 of uniform flux to the Petri dish surfaces, resulting in a total UVGI surface dose ranging from 12 to 144 mJ/cm2. The UVGI dose necessary to inactivate 90% of the S. chartarum was greater than the maximum dose of 144 mJ/cm2 evaluated in this study. While UVGI has been used to inactivate several strains of culturable fungal spores, S. chartarum was not susceptible to an appropriate dose of UVGI. The results of this study may not correlate directly to the effect of UVGI on airborne fungal spores. However, they indicate that current technology may not be efficacious as a supplement to ventilation unless it can provide higher doses of UVGI to kill spores, such as S. chartarum, traveling through the irradiated zone.Key words: Stachybotrys chartarum (synonyms S. atra, S. alternana), ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, fungi.
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Yang, Y., W. Y. Chan, C. L. Wu, R. Y. C. Kong, and A. C. K. Lai. "Minimizing the exposure of airborne pathogens by upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation: an experimental and numerical study." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 77 (July 18, 2012): 3184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0439.

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There has been increasing interest in the use of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) because of its proven effectiveness in disinfecting airborne pathogens. An improved drift flux mathematical model is developed for optimizing the design of indoor upper-room UVGI systems by predicting the distribution and inactivation of bioaerosols in a ventilation room equipped with a UVGI system. The model takes into account several bacteria removal mechanisms such as convection, turbulent diffusion, deposition and UV inactivation. Before applying the model, the natural die-off rate and susceptibility constants of bioaerosols were measured experimentally. Two bacteria aerosols, Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens , were tested for this purpose. It was found out that the general decay trend of the bioaerosol concentration predicted by the numerical model agrees well with the experimental measurements. The modelling results agree better with experimental observations for the case when the UVGI inactivation mechanism dominates at the upper-room region than for the case without UVGI. The numerical results also illustrate that the spatial distribution of airborne bacteria was influenced by both air-flow pattern and irradiance distribution. In addition to predicting the local variation of concentration, the model assesses the overall performance of an upper-room UVGI system. This model has great potential for optimizing the design of indoor an upper-room UVGI systems.
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Menzies, Dick, Neill Adhikari, Marie Arietta, and Vivian Loo. "Efficacy of Environmental Measures in Reducing Potentially Infectious Bioaerosols During Sputum Induction." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 24, no. 7 (July 2003): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502242.

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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the airborne viable bacterial concentrations generated during sputum induction and their reduction with exhaust ventilation, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), or both.Methods:Exhaust ventilation, upper air UVGI lights, and a portable UVGI unit were operated independently or in combination while and after sputum induction was performed for 58 patients suspected of having active tuberculosis. Viable airborne bacteria were sampled with volumetric air samplers, grown on blood agar, and identified with standard techniques.Results:During and immediately after sputum induction, concentrations of airborne bacteria, particularly respiratory tract or oropharyngeal organisms, increased rapidly, regardless of environmental conditions. The subsequent rate of reduction of airborne bacteria was most rapid with the portable UVGI unit, followed by upper air UVGI with air mixing. Exhaust ventilation achieved high air changes per hour, but efficacy in reducing airborne bacterial concentrations was low. However, the continuous entrainment of bacteria-laden air from the hallway outside may have resulted in underestimation. The efficacy of a wall-mounted upper air UVGI fixture was significantly less if there was no air mixing. The irradiation from this fixture was of adequate germicidal intensity only in a narrow horizontal plane 2.5 m above the floor.Conclusion:Sputum induction was associated with a rapid and substantial increase in airborne bacteria despite the use of exhaust ventilation providing more than 30 air changes per hour, and the adjunct use of UVGI. This emphasizes that health-care workers involved in similar cough-inducing procedures performed for patients with suspected tuberculosis must wear appropriate personal respirators (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2003;24:483-489)
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Pegues, David A., Jennifer Han, Cheryl Gilmar, Brooke McDonnell, and Steven Gaynes. "Impact of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation for No-Touch Terminal Room Disinfection on Clostridium difficile Infection Incidence Among Hematology-Oncology Patients." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 38, no. 1 (October 6, 2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.222.

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OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of no-touch terminal room no-touch disinfection using ultraviolet wavelength C germicidal irradiation (UVGI) on C. difficile infection (CDI) rates on inpatient units with persistently high rates of CDI despite infection control measures.DESIGNInterrupted time-series analysis with a comparison arm.SETTING3 adult hematology-oncology units in a large, tertiary-care hospital.METHODSWe conducted a 12-month prospective valuation of UVGI. Rooms of patients with CDI or on contact precautions were targeted for UVGI upon discharge using an electronic patient flow system. Incidence rates of healthcare-onset CDI were compared for the baseline period (January 2013–December 2013) and intervention period (February 2014–January 2015) on study units and non–study units using a mixed-effects Poisson regression model with random effects for unit and time in months.RESULTSDuring a 52-week intervention period, UVGI was deployed for 542 of 2,569 of all patient discharges (21.1%) on the 3 study units. The CDI rate declined 25% on study units and increased 16% on non-study units during the intervention compared to the baseline period. We detected a significant association between UVGI and decrease in CDI incidence (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26–0.94; P=.03) on the study units but not on the non-study units. The impact of UVGI use on average room-cleaning time and turnaround time was negligible compared to the baseline period.CONCLUSIONSTargeted deployment of UVGI to rooms of high-risk patients at discharge resulted in a substantial reduction of CDI incidence without adversely impacting room turnaround.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1–6
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Lai, Ka M., Harriet A. Burge, and Melvin W. First. "Size and UV Germicidal Irradiation Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens when Aerosolized from Different Suspending Media." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 4 (April 2004): 2021–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.4.2021-2027.2004.

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ABSTRACT Experimental systems have been built in laboratories worldwide to investigate the influence of various environmental parameters on the efficacy of UV germicidal irradiation (UVGI) for deactivating airborne microorganisms. It is generally recognized that data from different laboratories might vary significantly due to differences in systems and experimental conditions. In this study we looked at the effect of the composition of the suspending medium on the size and UVGI susceptibility of Serratia marcescens in an experimental system built in our laboratory. S. marcescens was suspended in (i) distilled water, (ii) phosphate buffer, (iii) 10% fetal calf serum, (iv) phosphate-buffered saline (saline, 0.8% sodium chloride), and (v) synthetic saliva (phosphate-buffered saline with 10% fetal calf serum). At low humidity (36%), S. marcescens suspended in water-only medium was the most susceptible to UVGI, followed by those in serum-only medium. The count median diameters (CMDs) for culturable particles from water-only and serum-only media were 0.88 and 0.95 μm, respectively, with the measurements based on their aerodynamic behavior. The bacteria suspended in phosphate buffer, synthetic saliva, and phosphate-buffered saline had similar UVGI susceptibility and CMD at 1.0, 1.4, and 1.5 μm, respectively. At high humidity (68%) the CMD of the particles increased by 6 to 16%, and at the same time UVGI susceptibility decreased, with the magnitude of decrease related to the type of suspending medium. In conclusion, the choice of suspending medium influenced both size and UVGI susceptibility of S. marcescens. These data are valuable for making comparisons and deciding on the use of an appropriate medium for various applications.
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Clark, Ewan M., Harry Wright, Kelly-Anne Lennon, Vicki A. Craik, Jason R. Clark, and John B. March. "Inactivation of Recombinant Bacteriophage Lambda by Use of Chemical Agents and UV Radiation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 8 (February 10, 2012): 3033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.06800-11.

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ABSTRACTSeveral approaches for the inactivation of bacteriophage lambda, including UV germicidal irradiation (UVGI) and the chemical agents Virkon-S, Chloros, Decon-90, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were compared. Virkon, NaOH, and UVGI caused a ≥7-log10reduction in phage titers. This study successfully describes several methods with potential for bacteriophage inactivation in industrial settings.
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Sebastian Marcos, Patricia, Darren Hermes, and Mellora Sharman. "Comparative assessment of the effectiveness of three disinfection protocols for reducing bacterial contamination of stethoscopes." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, no. 1 (November 7, 2019): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2019.308.

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AbstractIn a crossover study, 30 stethoscopes were assessed and disinfected using 3 protocols: isopropyl alcohol, a quaternary ammonia or biguanide disinfectant, and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI). All protocols effectively reduced bacterial loads, but UVGI was less effective at higher contamination levels (P = .0004). The effectiveness of each intervention was short in duration.
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Chew, Chii Chii, and Philip Rajan. "Controversies on the Use of Ultraviolet Rays for Disinfection During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 28, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/mjms2021.28.1.15.

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During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the use of ultraviolet (UV) rays to disinfect skin areas, clothes and other objects at the entry/exit points of public spaces has been widely discussed by stakeholders. While ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) has been shown to effectively inactivate coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), no specific evidence proves that it effectively inactivates the new SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19. Because UV rays damage human tissue, UVGI should be used with caution and not directly on human skin. Various guidelines recommend that UVGI should not be used as a sole agent for disinfecting surfaces or objects but as an adjunct to the latest standard disinfecting procedures.
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Green, Christopher F., Laura A. Elbe, Tyler D. Neal, John J. Lowe, and Shawn G. Gibbs. "Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus compared with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 61, no. 11 (November 2015): 871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2015-0243.

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Antibiotic misuse and overuse in both the healthcare and agricultural fields have dramatically increased the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in human pathogens. Two strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (ATCC 43330 and a wild-type) and 1 strain of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (ATCC 25923) were challenged (9 runs in triplicate) in a preliminary study with ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) doses ranging from 0.25 to 3.00 mJ/cm2. The mean percent kill was calculated for each strain when compared with the control plates (no exposure to UVGI). Then, each strain was challenged (22 runs in triplicate) with UVGI doses of 2.00, 2.50, and 3.00 mJ/cm2. The results suggest a difference between the doses required to disinfect surfaces with each strain. Assuming a standard error rate of α = 0.05, there was a significant difference in variance between the MRSA (ATCC 43330 and wild type) strains and the S. aureus (ATCC 25923) methicillin-susceptible strain.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "UVGI"

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Dreiling, Jeremy B. "An evaluation of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) technology in health care facilities." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/651.

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Kallström, Angelica. "ST-LÄKARES HANDLÄGGNING AV UVI IPRIMÄRVÅRDEN." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-86373.

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Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common diagnose in primary care and one of the mainreasons for prescription of antibiotics. Resistance to antibiotics is a major global issue andcareful use of antibiotics is needed to slow the development of antibiotic resistance. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the level of adherence of resident physicians inÖrebro County to Swedish national guidelines concerning diagnostics and treatment of UTI inthe primary care setting. Method An online survey was sent to physicians in general practice in Örebro County. The surveycontained five hypothetical cases portraying patients with potential UTI, which each haddifferent underlying co-morbidities. The participants answered questions regardingdiagnostics and treatment for each patient. The results were analyzed and compared to currentnational Swedish guidelines. Results With the five cases and 28 participants there were 140 answers regarding the use of urineculture, of which 122 were in line with national guidelines. In one case portraying a womanwith possible presence of resistant pathogens only 17 of 28 participants followed theguidelines, recommending culture. Regarding treatment of UTI the participants answeredaccording to the guidelines in 122 of 140 answers and regarding admitting the patient toinpatient care the guidelines were followed in 116 of 140 situations. In the case of a womanwith possible pyelonephritis, however, only 10 of 28 participants seemed to be aware of theunderlying risk of sepsis and referred the patient. Conclusion The adherence to national guidelines was rather good, with exception of the case presenting awoman with pyelonephritis and signs of sepsis, where only 10 of 28 followed the guidelinesregarding referring her for inpatient care. Although a good overall performance there seems tobe some room for improvement regarding the adherence to guidelines for the diagnostics andtreatment of UTI.
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Chae, Suhn-Kee. "DNA repair and mutagenesis in the UV-sensitive mutant UVSI of Aspergillus nidulans." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41098.

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The effects of a newly mapped DNA repair-defective mutant, uvsI, on mutagen sensitivities and mutation were investigated. Results showed that uvsI differs for most of the investigated properties from other uvs mutants of A. nidulans which are known to belong to three different epistatic groups, "UvsF", "UvsC", and "UvsB". Most of these mutants are sterile and many of them alter mitotic recombination frequencies, while uvsI exhibits normal levels of meiotic and mitotic recombination. In addition, uvsI strains are not more sensitive than wild type to MMS (methyl methanesulfonate) to which all other uvs strains are sensitive. However, the uvsI mutant was found to be very sensitive to the killing effects of UV light and the chemical mutagen, 4-NQO (4-nitro-quinoline-N-oxide). In line with the distinct phenotype of uvsI, no epistatic interactions were found for this mutant with any members of the established three epistatic groups. The effects of uvsI on mutagenesis are highly specific and dependent on the mutational test systems. In the uvsI mutant, two types of forward mutation were not affected, but spontaneous and UV-induced reversion frequencies of choA1 and pabaA1 were significantly reduced. Specific effects were further demonstrated in reversion tests of various sC alleles originally isolated as selenate resistant mutants by treatment with EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate), which leads mainly to G:C to A:T transitions. After EMS treatment uvsI mutants showed highly reduced reversion frequencies for all these sC alleles (except one) compared to $uvs sp+$ strains. These results suggest that the uvsI mutation may be defective in AT to GC transition mutagenesis, while increasing transversion(s) from A:T base pairs. In contrast, uvsI affected the frequencies of spontaneous and UV-induced reversions for these sC alleles in a variety of ways. Thus, uvsI may well represent a fourth functional and epistatic group of DNA repair and possibly be involved in a minor mutagenic DN
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Sandelin, Danielsson Annika. "Riskfaktorer och förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder för UVI hos äldre kvinnor : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21674.

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Bakgrund: Urinvägsinfektion (UVI) är en av de vanligaste infektionerna hos äldre kvinnor. Escherichia coli (E-coli) är den vanligaste bakterien vid UVI. Äldre kvinnor lider när de är drabbade av UVI och det är sjuksköterskans uppgift att bland annat förebygga sjukdom och lindra lidande. Syfte: Att beskriva riskfaktorer och förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder mot UVI hos äldre kvinnor. Metod: Litteraturstudie, med databassökning genom databaser speciellt inriktade på vård och omvårdnad, CINAHL, PubMed, WEB OF SCIENCE och Medline. 15 artiklar har använts till resultatet. Resultat: Recidiverande UVI, diabetes, urininkontinens, smittspridning och förstoppning är riskfaktorer att drabbas av UVI. God hygien och regelbunden tillförsel av vätska ses som god evidensbaserad omvårdnadsåtgärd mot UVI. Ökad tillförsel av vätska förkastas, Tranbärstillägg behöver ytterligare forskning. Slutsats. Hög hygieniskstandard genom de basala hygienrutinerna är en viktig förebyggande åtgärd mot UVI.
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections for elderly women. Escherichia coli (E-coli) is the most commonly found bacteria when screening for UTI. Older women suffer when they have UTI and it’s up to the nurse to prevent sickness and to ease the pain. Aim: To describe risk factors and nursing care prevention against UTI for elderly women. Method: Based on science articles received from databases specified on care and nurse caring. CINAHL, PubMed, WEB OF SCIENCE and Medline. 15 articles is used for the results. Results: A prior history of UTI, diabetic, urinary incontinence, and constipation is risk factors to developed UTI. High hygienic standard is a good prevention against UTI. Regular infusion of liquid is good prevention to not develop UTI. Cranberry for prevention against UTI needs further research. Conclusion High hygienic standard through basic hygiene is an important prevention against UTI.
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Olsson, Philip, and Carl-Johan Jönsson. "Sha Jun." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-734.

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The agriculture in Sweden today uses chemical substances to control vermin, weed

and diseases. This usage shows through polluted subsoil water and trace elements in

the food we eat. There’s a risk that additional symptoms will arise in the future.

Our product Sha Jun, developed in 2006-2007, is an attempt to try and minimize the

need of chemicals in the agriculture. The idea started with the attempt to minimize the

usage of pesticides on the cropland. It later developed in an attempt to decrease seed

disinfectant. The spraying with seed disinfectant today is happening with a rate of 1

tonne/h. They hope one day to reach the speed of 5 tonnes/h. With our product you

reach speeds of 17.5 tonnes/h. We also eliminate the need to use the dangerous seed

disinfectant on the seed before it s stored. The market for our product in Sweden

consists of approximately 800 potential buyers. These include farms over 200 hectares

and collection centrals. It will also give ecological framers a change to decrease their

losses in useless crops. This because our method of treatment is environment-friendly.

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Kjellström, Jessica, and Karlsson Evelina. "Är teknetium-99m DMSA-scintigrafi på barn 0-2 år berättigad vid utredning av njurparenkymskador efter pyelonefrit? : Parenkymskador och komplikationsrisker i förhållande till cancerrisk." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för naturvetenskap och biomedicin, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40096.

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Pyelonefrit är en inflammation i njurarna och undersökningen som främst används vid utredning är dimerkaptosuccinat (DMSA)-scintigrafi. Pyelonefrit drabbar framförallt barn och risk finns för njurparenkymskador. Syftet med studien var att utreda om DMSA-scintigrafi efter pyelonefrit hos barn är berättigad. Detta granskades genom att beräkna den generella risken för cancer, specifika riskökningen för njurparenkymcancer, antal upptäckta njurparenkymskador och eventuella könsskillnader. Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes upp via sökmotorn PRIMO. Metoden var retrospektiv med kvantitativ ansats där materialet bestod av svarsutlåtanden från DMSA-scintigrafier på barn 0-2 år med frågeställning njurparenkymskador efter pyelonefrit. Urvalet bestod av 91 barn; 52 flickor och 39 pojkar varav 16 stycken exkluderades. Av de studerade 75 barnen hade sex (8 %) njurparenkymskador, med medelålder på 9,2 månader, och det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad mellan kön och njurparenkymskada (p=0,246). Medelvärdet på given aktivitet gav en effektiv medeldos på 0,69 mSv. Den generella riskökningen vid en DMSA-scintigrafi blev 0,01-0,014 och 0,00019 för njurparenkymcancer. Trots att relativt få barn drabbas av njurparenkymskador, finns ändå risk att drabbas av komplikationer från skadan. Skadorna är därför viktiga att upptäcka. Riskökningen för cancerutveckling och njurparenkymcancer efter DMSA-scintigrafi är mycket låg. Nyttan (att upptäcka njurparenkymskadorna) överväger risken (strålningen), vilket gör DMSA-scintigrafin till en berättigad undersökningsmetod.
A dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy is used to test for pyelonephritis, an inflammation of the kidneys with risk of renal scarring. Aiming to investigate if DMSA scan after pyelonephritis in children is justified, we calculated the general cancer risk, the specific increased renal cancer risk, the number of discovered renal scarring and potential differences between the sexes. The method was retrospective and quantitative and data was based on results from DMSA scans of children aged 0-2 years. From the original set of 91 children (52 girls, 39 boys), 16 were excluded. Of the remaining 75, six (8 %) had renal scarring; with an average age of 9,2 months, and there was no significant difference between sex and renal parenchymal damage (p=0,0246). The mean activity from a DMSA scan equaled an effective dose of 0.69 mSv, with general cancer versus renal cancer risk being 0.01-0.014 and 0.00019, respectively. Even though only a few children develop renal scarring, there is still a risk of complications. Renal scarring is therefore important to discover. The increased risk for cancer and renal cancer after a DMSA scan is low. The benefits (discovering renal scarring) are greater than the risk (radiation), making the DMSA scan justified.
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Håkansson, Isabelle. "Probiotika i jämförelse med antibiotika som profylax hos barn med urinvägsinfektion." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-103152.

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En urinvägsinfektion (UVI) är ett samlingsnamn för infektioner som förekommer i urinvägarna och som drabbar cirka 2% av Sveriges befolkning under deras första levnadsår. Urinvägsinfektionen orsakas främst av tarmbakterier och den mest förekommande patogenen är den gramnegativa Escherichia coli. Då en infektion kan uppstå på flera ställen i urinvägarna så har den olika namn. En infektion i blåsan kallas för cystit och en infektion som spridit sig till de övre urinvägarna och njurarna kallas för pyleonefrit. En anledning till att infektionen fortskrider till pyelonefrit kan vara på grund av vesikoureteral reflux (VUR). Detta innebär att urin flödar tillbaka från urinblåsan och upp genom urinledaren mot njurarna. Detta ökar även risken för recidiverande UVI. I många fall kräver detta minst tre antibiotikabehandlingar per år, vilket i sin tur ökar risken för en utvecklad antibiotikaresistens. Forskare försöker därför komma på alternativ som kan hjälpa till att förebygga nya infektioner. Ett exempel på ett sådant alternativ är probiotika. Det är levande organismer som i rätt mängd kan vara fördelaktiga för personens hälsa. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är därför att undersöka om antibiotika och probiotika som profylax kan minska risken för en återkommande UVI. Därmed kunde även eventuella nackdelar med de två behandlingssätten studeras. För att kunna göra detta granskades sex stycken studier som undersökte effekten av antibiotika och/eller probiotika i samband med återkommande UVI hos barn. Slutsatsen är att det inte det inte finns någon signifikant skillnad i effekten mellan trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol och andra generationens cefalosporiner eller Lactobacillus acidophilus. Däremot kan ett ökat antal stammar av probiotika i jämförelse med placebo vara fördelaktigt i syfte att förebygga en återkommande UVI.
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a collective name for an infection that occurs in the urinary tract and it affects about 2% of Sweden's population during their first year of life. The urinary tract infection is caused mainly by intestinal bacteria and the most common pathogen is the gram-negative E. coli. The infection can occur in different parts of the urinary tract, and it is therefore called by different names. An infection of the bladder is called cystitis and an infection that has spread to the upper urinary tract and kidneys is called pyelonephritis. One of the reasons leading to progression of an infection to pyelonephritis is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). VUR implies that urine flows back from the bladder and up through the ureter, towards the kidneys. This also increases the risk of recurrent UTI. In many cases, this requires at least three antibiotic treatments per year, which in turn increases the risk of developing antibiotic resistance. Researchers are therefore trying to come up with alternatives that can help prevent new infections. An example of such an alternative is probiotics, which are a live bacteria. The most common probiotics are bacteria that belong to the genera called Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Different types of probiotics may have different effects and they can be beneficial to a person´s health when ingested in the right amount. The purpose of this literature study is therefore to investigate whether antibiotics, in comparison with probiotics can reduce the risk of a recurrent UTI, and thereby examine the possible disadvantages of the two treatment methods. To be able to do this, six studies were examined that studied the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics in connection with recurrent UTI in children. It is concluded that there is no significant difference in the effect between trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and second-generation cephalosporins or Lactobacillus acidophilus. However, an increased number of strains of probiotics may be beneficial compared to placebo in order to prevent a recurrent UTI.
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Stenholm, Annica, and Annika Lundberg. "Prevention av kateterrelaterad urinvägsinfektion." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24271.

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Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka sjuksköterskans preventiva åtgärder för kateterrelaterad urinvägsinfektion. Studien baseras på Goodmans sju steg för systematisk litteraturstudie. Totalt tio vetenskapliga artiklar med varierande kvalitet inkluderades. Artiklarnas söktes fram i databaserna Cinahl och PubMed och kvalitetsgranskades utifrån ett modifierat granskningsprotokoll. Resultatet visar på en minskning av incidensen av kateterrelaterad urinvägs¬infektion vid utförandet av preventiva åtgärder så som; handtvätt och korrekt fästning av kateterslangen, användning av intermittent och silverbelagd kateter, påminnelseprocedurer om onödiga katetrar och kontroll av kateterdurationen. En mer heltäckande studie angående dessa åtgärder behövs för att dess evidensgrad ska kunna fastställas.
The aim of this literature review was to investigate the nurse preventive measures for catheterrelated urinary tract infection. The study is based on Goodman's seven steps for a systematic literature review. A total of ten scientific articles with varying quality were included. The articles were found in the databases Cinahl and PubMed. The quality of the articles was determined by using a modified quality protocol. The result shows a reduction in the incidence of catheter-related urinary tract infection in carrying out preventive measures such as; handwash and proper fixation of catheter tubing, the use of intermittent and silver-coated catheter, a reminder procedure of unnecessary use of catheters and control of the duration of the catheterization. A more comprehensive study on these measures is needed to be able to determine their degree of evidence.
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Hedman, Ellinore. "Probiotika som prevention mot urogenitala sjukdomar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-37276.

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About 10 % of the adult women population in Sweden are treated annually for urinary tract infections. The increasing bacterial resistance towards antibiotics is classified by WHO (World Health Organization) and ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) as one of the greatest treats for human health in a global perspective. To find alternatives scientists are studying the possibility to use probiotics to reduce the frequency of recurring urinary tract infections. This literature study examines five randomized double blinded placebo controlled studies where different strains of Lactobacillus have been used as a prophylactic to women suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections and bacterial vaginosis. Overall the studies do not display enough promising results to recommend the use of probiotics as a prophylax or cure.
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Lesourd-Moulin, Valérie. "Les acides humiques et leurs interactions avec les éléments métalliques Cull, EuIII, ThIV, UVI : apport d'une méthode de chromatographie par exclusion sérique et recherche de modèles de complexation." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO10506.

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Etude par une technique chromatographique de filtration sur gel, basee sur la separation du complexe forme entre la macromolecule humique et l'ion metallique libre. On etudie le mode de fonctionnement du support chromatographique et on explique le role precis de chaque parametre
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Books on the topic "UVGI"

1

Kowalski, Wladyslaw Jan. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation handbook: UVGI for air and surface disinfection. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2009.

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Kowalski, Wladyslaw Jan. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation handbook: UVGI for air and surface disinfection. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2009.

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Uvi. Madrid: Editorial Ayuso, 1986.

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Font-Espina, J. Uvi. Madrid: Editorial Ayuso, 1986.

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Eichenwald, Israel. Bi-derakhim uvi-gevulot. [Tel-Aviv]: "Moreshet", 1989.

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Be-ḳalut daʻat uvi-retsinut. Tel-Aviv: Yaron Golan, 1994.

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Shamir, Yoram A., writer of added commentary and Muzeʼon ha-Yiśreʼeli le-ḳariḳaṭurah ule-ḳomiḳs (Ḥolon, Israel), eds. ha-Filharmonit be-ḳaṿ uvi-tselil. [Ḥolon]: ha-Muzeʼon ha-Yiśreʼeli le-ḳariḳaṭurah uke-ḳomiḳs, 2012.

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Ṭov, Baʻal Shem. Sefer Shemuʻot Yiśraʼel: H.h. hanhagot yesharot ba-Torah uvi-tefilah uvi-sheʼar mitsṿot ... u-ferushe pesuḳim. Yerushalayim: Mekhon Daʻat Yosef, 1991.

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Guevarra, Eduardo Ladrón de. UVI (cuidados intensivos): Comedia en dos actos. Valencia: Estro, 1993.

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Margalit, Yiśraʼel. Radaʼuts: Ḳehilah Yehudit bi-tsemiḥatah uvi-sheḳiʻatah. [Israel]: Irgun yotsʼe Radaʼuts (Buḳovinah), 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "UVGI"

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Kowalski, Wladyslaw. "UVGI Safety." In Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook, 287–311. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01999-9_12.

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Kowalski, Wladyslaw. "UVGI Disinfection Theory." In Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook, 17–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01999-9_2.

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Kowalski, Wladyslaw. "UVGI System Modeling." In Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook, 159–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01999-9_7.

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Kowalski, Wladyslaw. "UVGI Guidelines and Standards." In Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook, 255–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01999-9_11.

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Kowalski, Wladyslaw. "UVGI Lamps and Fixtures." In Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook, 119–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01999-9_5.

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Ahmad, Shafeeq, Md Toufique Alam, Mohammad Bilal, Osama Khan, and Mohd Zaheen Khan. "Analytical Modelling of HVAC-IoT Systems with the Aid of UVGI and Solar Energy Harvesting." In Energy Harvesting, 65–80. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003218760-3.

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Germany, G. A., J. F. Spann, G. K. Parks, M. J. Brittnacher, R. Elsen, L. Chen, D. Lummerzheim, and M. H. Rees. "Auroral Observations from the POLAR Ultraviolet Imager (UVI)." In Geospace Mass and Energy Flow, 149–60. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm104p0149.

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Germany, G. A., G. K. Parks, M. J. Brittnacher, J. F. Spann, J. Cumnock, D. Lummerzheim, F. Rich, and P. G. Richards. "Energy Characterization of a Dynamic Auroral Event Using GGS UVI Images." In Geospace Mass and Energy Flow, 143–47. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm104p0143.

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Ritter, Markus. "Das weitere Verfahren bis zur Erstellung des Umweltverträglichkeitsgutachtens — Das UVG-bezogene Scoping-Verfahren." In Wirtschafts- und verwaltungsrechtliche Studien, 95–102. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9402-7_12.

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Carpenter, Kenneth G., Carolus J. Schrijver, and Margarita Karovska. "The Stellar Imager (SI) project: a deep space UV/Optical Interferometer (UVOI) to observe the Universe at 0.1 milli-arcsec angular resolution." In Space Astronomy, 221–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3006-1_37.

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Conference papers on the topic "UVGI"

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Sharifbaev, A., R. Mamidi, M. R. Gottimukkula, M. Gacura, G. Vanderlaan, X. Ji, and D. Piovesan. "Manufacturing of the Eriedescent Sterilizing Device." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-86032.

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Abstract Beyond an exceptional human toll, one of the most evident impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is that of disrupted supply chain dynamics. Lessons learned here might help ameliorate the ability of frontline workers to secure personal protective equipment (PPE) such as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) to prevent similar issues in future pandemics. A related concern is FFR waste streams, and the ability to recycle N95s using chemical or physical germicidal methods would greatly contribute to lessening PPE scarcity and providing relief to overall supply chains for all essential services. Early in 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued official guidance for sterilizers, disinfectant devices, and air purifiers with regards to the COVID-19 pandemic as a public health emergency bulletin. This guidance provided nonbinding recommendations for PPE and FFR decontamination processes, involving a wide spectrum of chemical and physical methods of sterilization. Many of the sterilization methods employ high heat or utilize polar chemical disinfectants that can compromise either the physical structure or the electrostatic properties of FFR fibers, thus attenuating the overall protection provided to the frontline worker. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) has been employed for nearly a century to sterilize instruments and whole environments. UVGI offers numerous advantages as it is transitory by nature, leaving no chemical residue on the treated artifact. UVGI is also rapid, and depending on illumination sources, UVGI can easily scale to provide coverage to large areas. Here we provide an analysis of the regulatory aspect related to the use of UVC devices and describe our engineered design of a cost-efficient sterilization chamber that utilizes UVC for decontamination. Our design stresses a low-cost price point to facilitate easy manufacture for not only rapid deployment but also minimal impacts on supply chains. The device is intended to be easy to use, without any specialized training, and thus targets the general public for sanitizing non-washable materials, including PPE, FFR and other potential fomites, including electronic devices of daily use, that otherwise might harbor bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens.
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McKee, Greg, Dan Scharpf, and Lorne C. Loudin. "Calibrated networkable UV-C sensors for real-time dosage characterization of UVGI devices." In Light-Emitting Devices, Materials, and Applications XXVI, edited by Martin Strassburg, Jong Kyu Kim, and Michael R. Krames. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2605747.

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Cai, W., G. Pitchurov, J. Srebric, F. Y. Gao, and S. W. Zhu. "Effects of Indoor Ventilation and Air Mixing on Disinfection Efficacy of Upper-Room UVGI System." In 6th International Conference on Energy and Environment of Residential Buildings (ICEERB 2014). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1611.

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Gao, F. Y., J. Srebric, S. W. Zhu, W. Cai, and G. Pitchurov. "Validation of CFD method with drift-flux particle model on predicting disinfection efficacy of upper-room UVGI system." In 6th International Conference on Energy and Environment of Residential Buildings (ICEERB 2014). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1623.

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Musser, Amy, Wladyslaw Kowalski, and William Bahnfleth. "Stack and Mechanical System Effects on Dispersion of Biological Agents in a Tall Building." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33862.

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Multizone network airflow analysis is used to analyze stack and mechanical system effects on the distribution of three representative biological agents in a prototype 40 story building. This approach relies on mass balances to compute airflow and contaminant transfer between the building zones. The analysis considers stack effects caused by cold outdoor temperatures, unintended positive and negative pressurization of the floor on which the release of the agent occurs, and three levels of contaminant removal using a combination filter/UVGI system. The results show that vertical shafts, such as stairwells and elevator shafts provide significant routes for contaminant transfer between floors, even when these floors are served by different air handling systems. Because the air moving through these pathways does not pass through an air handling system, this type of transport is not as easily reduced by filtering. However, commercially available filters were able to reduce contaminant concentrations substantially in zones that receive contaminants primarily due to recirculation through the air handling system.
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Dharmadhikari, Ashwin, Matsie Mphahlele, Kobus Venter, Chandresh Ladva, Melvin First, Marcello Pagano, Paul Jensen, Martie Van Der Walt, and Edward Nardell. "Upper Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) Air Disinfection On An MDR-TB Ward In Sub-Saharan Africa – Effects Of Humidity." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a5383.

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Hou, Miaomiao, Jihun Kim, Jovan Pantelic, and Dorit Aviv. "Integration of raytracing and CFD simulations to assess the impact of UVGI technology on the control of aerosol transmission in an occupied room." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30437.

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Mercat, Alexandre, Marko Viitanen, and Jarno Vanne. "UVG dataset." In MMSys '20: 11th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3339825.3394937.

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Smathers, Herbert W., Donald M. Horan, M. Singh, Joel G. Cardon, D. F. Bakeris, and R. A. Swanson. "Satellite observations with the UVPI instrument." In San Diego '92, edited by Robert E. Huffman. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.140869.

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Fineschi, Silvano, Ester Antonucci, Marco Romoli, Daniele Gardiol, Giampiero Naletto, Silvio Giordano, Marco Malvezzi, Vania Da Deppo, Luca Zangrilli, and Giancarlo Noci. "Ultraviolet and Visible-light Coronagraphic Imager (UVCI)." In Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, edited by Stephen L. Keil and Sergey V. Avakyan. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.460431.

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Reports on the topic "UVGI"

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Kuykendall, Tommie G., Jacob Lee Allsop, Benjamin Robert Anderson, Marc Boumedine, Cedric Carter, Seanmichael Yurko Galvin, Oscar Gonzalez, et al. UVI Cyber-security Workshop Workshop Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1235643.

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Lee, Wellington K., Tyler Jake Morris, Andrew Chun-An Chu, Joshua Russ, and Michelle Emerson-Lewis. UVI ThunnderBird Cup v2.0 Workshop: Worshop Analysis 2016. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1334944.

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O'Loughlin, Edward J., Michelle M. Scherer, and Kenneth M. Kemner. INVESTIGATION OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF URANIUM UNDER IRON-REDUCING CONDITIONS: REDUCTION OF UVI BY BIOGENIC FEII/FEIII HYDROXIDE (GREEN RUST). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/896297.

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Rogers, Caroline. A synthesis of coral reef research at Buck Island Reef National Monument and Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands: 1961 to 2022. National Park Service, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294235.

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This synthesis focuses on the history of research on coral reefs within two U.S. National Park Service units in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands: Buck Island Reef National Monument (from 1961 to 2022) and Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve (from 1980 to 2022). Buck Island Reef National Monument (BUIS) is off the north shore of the island of St. Croix, in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Established in 1961 and expanded in 2001, it is under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service (NPS). Long-term monitoring programs maintained by the NPS and jointly by the University of the Virgin Islands (UVI) and the Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources (VIDPNR) provide data on trends in living coral cover and specific coral species from 2000 and 2001, respectively. Disease, thermal stress (indicated by coral bleaching), and hurricanes reduced total coral cover periodically, but cover remained relatively stable from 2007 through the end of 2020. Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve (SARI) is a national park on the north shore of the island of St. Croix, in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Established in 1992, it is co-managed by the NPS and the Government of the Virgin Islands. Long-term monitoring programs maintained by the NPS and by the UVI with the VIDPNR provide data on trends in living coral cover and individual coral species from 2011 and 2001, respectively. In spite of thermal stress (indicated by coral bleaching), disease, and hurricanes, total coral cover remained relatively stable through the end of 2020. This document also includes results from extensive investigations by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and from many individual projects including those based out of the underwater saturation habitats Hydrolab and Aquarius from 1977 to 1989, as well as studies from researchers at Fairleigh Dickinson University’s West Indies Laboratory. While not possible to review all of these in detail, this report highlights information considered useful to managers, and scientists planning future research. In 2021, a particularly virulent disease called stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD), first noted in 2014 in Florida, and then in 2019 in the U.S. Virgin Islands, started killing corals in BUIS and SARI with the different species showing a gradient of susceptibility. An exact cause or link between this disease and human actions has not been discovered to date. The losses associated with this disease have now exceeded those from any other stressors in these national parks.
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