Journal articles: 'Utilisation distribution'

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PARK, M. S. "ACCUMULATION, CAPACITY UTILISATION AND DISTRIBUTION." Contributions to Political Economy 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.cpe.a014058.

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AMADEO, EDWARD J. "NOTES ON CAPACITY UTILISATION, DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION." Contributions to Political Economy 5, no. 1 (March 1986): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.cpe.a035705.

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Khera, Reetika. "India's Public Distribution System: Utilisation and Impact." Journal of Development Studies 47, no. 7 (July 2011): 1038–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2010.506917.

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Dermitzakis, Aris. "Distribution and Utilisation of Radiotherapy Units in Greece." Global Clinical Engineering Journal 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31354/globalce.v2i1.74.

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Biomedical Engineering is playing a leading role in the development of medical technology which is one of the pillars of Modern medicine, or as differently expressed at the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) opinion paper: “Biomedical Engineering is not simply a subset of modern medicine. Modern medicine predominantly secures important advances through the use of the products of biomedical engineering”1. Health technology, according to World Health Organization (WHO), refers to the application of organized knowledge and skills in the form of devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures and systems developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives. Therefore, Medical Devices (MDs) belong to the Health Technologies, and Radiotherapy (RT) is an important subgroup of them. Radiotherapy refers to high-tech medical devices that are of high capital value both in terms of initial investment and operation, requiring specially trained personnel for its use and needs regular quality control, preventive maintenance and management procedures, to function properly and safely. Clinical Engineering plays a major role in facing of the afore mentioned challenges. The present paper provides an overview of the results of a study under the WHO action on Strengthening Capacity for Universal Coverage Greece/Phase 2 (SCUC2)2aiming to: Assess the sufficiency and equity in the distribution of RT and its use in Greece Identify eventual inequalities in terms of geographical coverage, specific needs and lack of RT Asses the current status of staffing in RT units Estimate the costs for the use of High Value Capital Medical Equipment (HVCME) Since a country-wide medical equipment inventory for Greece does not exist, various sources were used to obtain a clear picture of the installed units in public Greek hospitals and private clinics. As a result, it came out that, in terms of number of units the per million population the number of RT units rose by 23% from 4.3 in 2009 to 5.3 in 2017. In terms of number of acts, a general increasing trend is noticed, resulting to a total cost increase of 25% from 2013 to 2016. The study revealed that in Greece, there are quite pronounced inequalities in terms of availability of RT technologies in different regions. Long term strategic planning is needed based on evidence, such as updated inventory of MDs, acts performed, associate costs etc , which are unfortunately lacking in Greece. Additionally, the role of clinical engineers in the effective management and safe use of this technology should be widely recognised and regulated.

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Areru, Hiwot Abera, Mesay Hailu Dangisso, and Bernt Lindtjørn. "Large local variations in the use of health services in rural southern Ethiopia: An ecological study." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 5 (May 25, 2022): e0000087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000087.

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Ethiopia is behind schedule in assuring accessible, equitable and quality health services. Understanding the geographical variability of the health services and adjusting small-area level factors can help the decision-makers to prioritize interventions and allocate scarce resources. There is lack of information on the degree of variation of health service utilisation at micro-geographic area scale using robust statistical tools in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the health service utilisation and identify factors that account for the variation in health service utilisation at kebele (the smallest administrative unit) level in the Dale and Wonsho districts of the Sidama region. An exploratory ecological study design was employed on the secondary patient data collected from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018 from 65 primary health care units of the fifty-four kebeles in Dale and Wonsho districts, in the Sidama region. ArcGIS software was used to visualise the distribution of health service utilisation. SaTScan analysis was performed to explore the unadjusted and covariate-adjusted spatial distribution of health service utilisation. Linear regression was applied to adjust the explanatory variables and control for confounding. A total of 67,678 patients in 54 kebeles were considered for spatial analysis. The distribution of the health service utilisation varied across the kebeles with a mean of 0.17 visits per person per year (Range: 0.01–1.19). Five kebeles with health centres had a higher utilisation rate than other rural kebeles without health centres. More than half (57.4%) of the kebeles were within a 10 km distance from health centres. The study found that distance to the health centre was associated with the low health care utilisation. Improving the accessibility of health services by upgrading the primary health care units could increase the service use.

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Larsson, Tara, Ulf Olofsson, and Anders Christiansen Erlandsson. "Undiluted Measurement of the Particle Size Distribution of Different Oxygenated Biofuels in a Gasoline-Optimised DISI Engine." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): 1493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111493.

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The utilisation of internal combustion engines is one of the main causes of particle emissions in urban areas. As the interest for the utilisation of biofuels increases, it is important to understand their effect on particle number emissions. In this paper, the particle size distribution and the particle number emissions from a gasoline-optimised direct-injected spark-ignited (DISI) engine are investigated. The effects of five different biofuel alternatives on these emissions were evaluated and compared to gasoline. The utilisation of the high-resolution, high-temperature ELPI+ enabled undiluted measurements of the particle size distribution down to 6 nm, without extensive cooling of the engine exhaust. Contrary to other studies, the results show that the particle number emissions for the three measured cut-off sizes (23, 10 and 7 nm) increased with the utilisation of oxygenated biofuels. The results indicate that the decreased volatility and energy density of the alcohols has a more significant impact on the particle formation in a DISI engine than the increased oxygen content of these fuels.

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Brøseth, Henrik, Kjetil Bevanger, and Bård Knutsen. "Function of multiple badger Meles meles setts: distribution and utilisation." Wildlife Biology 3, no. 1 (January 1997): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/wlb.1997.011.

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Ampofo, Desmond O., Amer Al‐Hinai, and Mohamed El Moursi. "Active distribution network with efficient utilisation of distributed generation ancillaryservices." IET Smart Grid 1, no. 4 (October 15, 2018): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-stg.2018.0045.

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Chung, C. Y., Fushuan Wen, Gerard Ledwich, and Bala Venkatesh. "Optimal utilisation of storage systems in transmission and distribution systems." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 10, no. 3 (February 18, 2016): 563–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.0114.

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Williamson, Sandra D., Richard van Dongen, Lewis Trotter, Russell Palmer, and Todd P. Robinson. "Fishing for Feral Cats in a Naturally Fragmented Rocky Landscape Using Movement Data." Remote Sensing 13, no. 23 (December 4, 2021): 4925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13234925.

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Feral cats are one of the most damaging predators on Earth. They can be found throughout most of Australia’s mainland and many of its larger islands, where they are adaptable predators responsible for the decline and extinction of many species of native fauna. Managing feral cat populations to mitigate their impacts is a conservation priority. Control strategies can be better informed by knowledge of the locations that cats frequent the most. However, this information is rarely captured at the population level and therefore requires modelling based on observations of a sample of individuals. Here, we use movement data from collared feral cats to estimate home range sizes by gender and create species distribution models in the Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia. Home ranges were estimated using dynamic Brownian bridge movement models and split into 50% and 95% utilisation distribution contours. Species distribution models used points intersecting with the 50% utilisation contours and thinned by spacing points 500 m apart to remove sampling bias. Male cat home ranges were between 5 km2 (50% utilisation) and 34 km2 (95% utilisation), which were approximately twice the size of the female cats studied (2–17 km2). Species distribution modelling revealed a preference for low-lying riparian habitats with highly productive vegetation cover and a tendency to avoid newly burnt areas and topographically complex, rocky landscapes. Conservation management can benefit by targeting control effort in preferential habitat.

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Fabianova, Jana, Jaroslava Janekova, and Jozef Horbulak. "SOLVING THE BOTTLENECK PROBLEM IN A WAREHOUSE USING SIMULATIONS." Acta logistica 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/al.v8i2.209.

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The uneven workload distribution and working time utilisation create a bottleneck, leading to inefficient utilisation of capacity and increased costs. A bottleneck is a limiting and risk factor for any business entity. In the case of a distribution warehouse, the bottleneck limits its ability to meet the requirements for sending an order within the required time limit. Delays at any phase of a distribution process may result in non-compliance with customer requirements. In solving capacity problems and bottlenecks elimination, computer simulations and optimisation are often used. The article presents a basic simulation analysis of workload distribution and work times, useful for logistics companies, thus for the area of human and financial resources. In the article, the use of simulations in the ExtendSim9 program to eliminate the bottleneck is discussed. The bottleneck is solved by experiments on a simulation model when optimal workers assignment to individual workplaces of the warehouse is sought. The two final proposals for workers allocation, with the current and increased number of workers, are compared in workforce utilisation and system stability. The simulation method allows verification of the proposals' impacts in advance and practically with no financial costs.

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Sullivan, B. J., G. S. Baxter, and A. T. Lisle. "Low-density koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in the mulgalands of south-west Queensland. III. Broad-scale patterns of habitat use." Wildlife Research 30, no. 6 (2003): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr02036.

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To date there have been few quantitative studies of the distribution of, and relative habitat utilisation by, koalas in the mulgalands of Queensland. To examine these parameters we applied habitat-accessibility and relative habitat-utilisation indices to estimates of faecal pellet density sampled at 149 sites across the region. Modelling the presence of pellets using logistic regression showed that the potential range of accessible habitats and relative habitat use varied greatly across the region, with rainfall being probably the most important determinant of distribution. Within that distribution, landform and rainfall were both important factors affecting habitat preference. Modelling revealed vastly different probabilities of finding a pellet under trees depending on the tree species, canopy size, and location within the region.

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Baiju, Agnus, Rosmin Jacob, and K. Krishnakumar. "The Relevance of Defined Daily Dose concept in Drug Utilisation Research: A Review." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 4-S (August 15, 2021): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i4-s.4897.

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According to World Health Organisation (WHO), drug utilisation is defined as the marketing, distribution, prescription and the use of drugs in society with special focus on resulting medical, social and economic consequences and it has turned into a powerful scientific tool for ensuring the rational and cost-effective use of drugs. A standard method is required to identify and aggregate drug data. This manuscript provides an overview of the WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and the associated measure, Defined Daily Dose (DDD), as a methodology for evaluating drug utilisation. Keywords: Drug utilisation research, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system, Defined Daily Dose, Rational drug use.

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Islam, Saif Ul, Nadeem Javaid, and Jean Marc Pierson. "A novel utilisation-aware energy consumption model for content distribution networks." International Journal of Web and Grid Services 13, no. 3 (2017): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijwgs.2017.085146.

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Jamshidieini, Bahman, Kamran Rezaie, Nasser Eskandari, and Ali Dadashi. "Operational excellence in optimal planning and utilisation of power distribution network." CIRED - Open Access Proceedings Journal 2017, no. 1 (October 1, 2017): 2449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/oap-cired.2017.1115.

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Mugonya, J., S. W. Kalule, and E. K. Ndyomugyenyi. "Utilisation of labour among pig farmers in northern Uganda." African Crop Science Journal 28, s1 (October 2, 2020): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v28i1.18s.

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In many sub-Saharan countries, pig (Susscrofa domesticus) production is increasingly an important food security and income generating activity for smallholder farmers. This is attributed to the high prospects for vigilance of the pork market, driven by urbanisation, population growth and dietary transition towards more animal protein per capita. Therefore, increasing pig production is one of the viable pathways to get smallholder farmers out of poverty and food insecurity. Although there are extensive studies about the elements of pig production, such as feeding, breeding and space requirements; little work has been done on distribution of innovation behaviour and the socio-economic factors that influence labour utilisation in the region. The objective of this study was to determine the socio-economic factors that influence labour (family or hired) utilisation and distribution of innovation behaviour among pig farmers in Northern Uganda. Through a cross sectional survey and descriptive analysis, we characterised smallholder pig farmers in the northern Uganda by type of labour used for pig production, and explored the distribution of the dimensions of innovation behaviour (exploration, experimentation, adaptation and modification) among them. Results revealed that young educated farmers with non-farm employment, a smaller household size, belonging to a farmer group and who had many pigs were more likely to use hired labour than those with counter characteristics. There were significant differences in the number of farmers who exhibited the different dimensions of innovation behavior. Therefore, interventions to boost pig production through the use of hired labour should consider the socio-economic differences among farmers which determine labour constraints they face.

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Nduka, Kenneth, Ubanozie Julian Obibuike, Mathew Udechukwu, Chioma Deborah Mbakaogu, Anthony Chemazu Igbojionu, and Stanley Toochukwu Ekwueme. "Development of Revenue Model for Optimum Gas Distribution and Utilisation in Nigeria." International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering 8, no. 6 (2020): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20200806.14.

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Portig, A. A., R. G. Mathers, W. I. Montgomery, and R. N. Govier. "The distribution and utilisation of Zostera species in Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland." Aquatic Botany 47, no. 3-4 (March 1994): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(94)90061-2.

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Burrows, R., G. S. Crowder, and J. Zhang. "Utilisation of network modelling in the operational management of water distribution systems." Urban Water 2, no. 2 (June 2000): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1462-0758(00)00046-7.

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Farahbakhsh, Mostafa, Homayoun Sadeghi Bazargani, Mohammad Saadati, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi, Mina Golestani, and Akram Zakery. "Health services utilisation and responsiveness profiles in Iran: a provincial household study." Family Medicine and Community Health 7, no. 1 (January 2019): e000007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2018-000007.

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe health services utilisation and responsiveness in East Azerbaijan province, Iran.DesignA cross-sectional household study as part of a larger research on primary healthcare system.SettingWe carried out the study in East Azerbaijan Province, northwest Iran from July to September 2015.ParticipantsA total of 1318 households were included.ResultsMost of the participating households had social security health insurance. Heart failure or hypertension care, general outpatient care and arthritis care were the most used services. High services cost and inadequate medicine and medical equipment were introduced to be the main barriers to health services utilisation in Tabriz and province representative sample (PRS), respectively. Health system responsiveness mean score (the maximum is 100) was 33.71±16.15 (95% CI 32.45 to 34.97) in Tabriz and 32.02±14.3 (95% CI 30.9 to 33.13) in PRS, which showed significant difference (p≤0.02).ConclusionsDifferences in the utilisation and responsiveness of health services and distribution of health resources were observed between Tabriz and PRS. Evidently, health system responsiveness in both Tabriz and PRS was at low level. The results demonstrate the need for changing resource distribution policies and employing reactive health policies to response the public health.

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Park, Sang-Won, Myoung-Ki Lee, and Young-Soo Park. "Analysis and Improvement of Communications in Port Areas Using the Queuing Theory." Journal of Navigation 73, no. 4 (February 13, 2020): 912–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463320000041.

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This work quantitatively analyses vessel traffic service (VTS) communications in ports and suggests improvements for more efficient control of the service. For this purpose, analysis of VTS communications was performed on VHF channel 12 in Busan North Port, South Korea. This communications service follows the queue of M/G/1 (the arrivals have a Poisson distribution, the service time is characterized by a general distribution, and with a single server). The degree of congestion of the communication channel was shown as the utilisation rate of the queue, which was 67·7% at peak times and 29·6% at non-peak times. To reduce congestion in the communication channel, we propose to separate the peak time control channel, exclude passing reporting, and decrease the reporting time. With separation of the peak time control channel, the utilisation rate decreased by 41·1%. The utilisation rate decreased by 5·7% when passing reporting was omitted, and by 8·3% when reporting time was reduced by 60%. The results of this study can be used as basic policy data to improve VTS, including reinforcement of the VTS officer's role and adjustment of the control report contents.

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Fru, Paulette Ngum, Frederick Nchang Cho, Andrew N. Tassang, Celestina Neh Fru, Peter Nde Fon, and Albert Same Ekobo. "Ownership and Utilisation of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets in Tiko Health District, Southwest Region, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Parasitology Research 2021 (February 2, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8848091.

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Introduction. Malaria is and remains a serious health concern in Africa. In Cameroon, where malaria is endemic and a major public health problem, the major control measure put in place is the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). In the Tiko Health District (THD), the challenges have been to assess and to evaluate the ownership and utilisation of LLINs. This study sought to assess the ownership and utilisation rates of LLINs in the THD. Methodology. A cross-sectional survey involving 418 households was conducted in four health areas in the THD. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on LLIN ownership and utilisation as well as sociodemographic characteristics. Results. The ownership of at least one LLIN per household, coverage, and accessibility were, respectively, 89%, 56.2%, and 66.3%, while installing LLINs on all beds in the household, sleeping under LLINs the previous night (SULPN), and universal utilisation were 72%, 24.9%, and 14.1%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with the ownership of at least one LLIN per household were respondent’s age and gender. Heat (21.1%) and forgetfulness (6.5%) were the main reasons postulated for irregular utilisation of LLINs. Conclusion. The ownership LLINs failed to guarantee utilisation and definitely effective control of malaria in the THD, as expected. Continuous and appropriate use of LLINs is indispensable, in addition to periodic sanitation, booster campaigns of LLIN distribution, and evaluation research for effective prevention and control of malaria.

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Dexter, Nick. "The influence of pasture distribution and temperature on habitat selection by feral pigs in a semi-arid environment." Wildlife Research 25, no. 5 (1998): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr97119.

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The two parameters believed to influence habitat utilisation by feral pigs and wild boar (Sus scrofa) are protection from high temperatures and distribution of food. However, whether there is an interaction between these parameters is unknown. To examine the influence of high temperature on habitat utilisation, the use of four rangeland habitats (shrubland, woodland, riverine woodland, and ephemeral swamps) by feral pigs in north-west New South Wales, Australia, was measured by radio-telemetry during and after a drought. In each habitat, protection from high temperature was indexed once by vegetation cover, at three strata, while over the course of the study, food distribution was indexed by estimating pasture biomass in each habitat. Riverine woodland provided the most shelter from high temperature, followed by woodland, shrubland and ephemeral swamps. On average, ephemeral swamps had the highest pasture biomass, followed by riverine woodland, shrubland and woodland. The amount of pasture in each habitat increased after the drought but changed at different rates. During autumn, spring and summer feral pigs preferred riverine woodland but in winter shrubland was preferred. Multivariate regression indicated that habitat utilisation was significantly influenced by pasture biomass in shrubland and mean maximum temperature in the study area. The results suggest that feral pigs are restricted by high temperatures to more shady habitats during hot weather but when the constraint of high temperature is relaxed they distribute themselves more according to the availability of food.

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Newell, Bob, Jeff Bailey, Ashraful Islam, Lisa Hopkins, and Paul Lant. "Characterising bioreactor mixing with residence time distribution (RTD) tests." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 12 (June 1, 1998): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0495.

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This paper presents a technique for configuring wastewater process simulations so that the hydraulic characteristics are similar to the real plant. Residence time distribution (RTD) tests are performed on two biological nutrient removal pilot plants. The RTD tests proved valuable for evaluating mixing effectiveness, volume utilisation and for determining an appropriate hydraulic topology for the dynamic models of the pilot plants. As a result of this work, simulation execution times became much faster due to a significant reduction in the number of effective stirred tanks required in the model. The work also identified short circuiting and dead zones in the pilot plants.

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Su, Dai, Yingchun Chen, Hongxia Gao, Haomiao Li, Jingjing Chang, Shihan Lei, Di Jiang, Xiaomei Hu, Min Tan, and Zhifang Chen. "Is There a Difference in the Utilisation of Inpatient Services Between Two Typical Payment Methods of Health Insurance? Evidence from the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 8 (April 19, 2019): 1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081410.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the differences between two typical payment methods for the new rural cooperative medical scheme (NRCMS) in China on the utilisation of inpatient services. Interrupted time-series analysis (ITSA) and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to measure the difference between two typical payment methods for the NRCMS with regard to the utilisation of inpatient services. After the reform was formally implemented, the level and slope difference after reform compared with pre-intervention (distribution of inpatients in county hospitals (DIC), distribution of inpatients in township hospitals (DIT) and the actual compensation ratio of inpatients (ARCI)) were not statistically significant. Kernel matching obtained better results in reducing the mean and median of the absolute standardised bias of covariates of appropriateness of admission (AA), appropriateness of disease (AD). The difference in AA and AD of the matched inpatients between two groups was −0.03 (p-value = 0.042, 95% CI: −0.08 to 0.02) and 0.21 (p-value < 0.001, 95% CI: −0.17 to 0.25), respectively. The differences in the utilisation of inpatient services may arise owing to the system designs of different payment methods for NRCMS in China. The causes of these differences can be used to guide inpatients to better use medical services, through the transformation and integration of payment systems.

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MH, Dr Karim, Seied Beniamin Hosseini, Dr Ayesha Farooq, Hossein (Adib) Arab, and Ali Takroosta. "A Strategic Review on Economic Dispatch Distribution and Environmental Considerations." Restaurant Business 118, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 166–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i12.13211.

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Power systems contain four generic parts, including production, transmission, dispatch distribution, and consumption. Generally, dispatch distribution between powerhouses modelled with the goal of minimisation in utilisation cost. However, Environmental concerns were given more attention to powerhouse emissions such as SO2, CO2 and NO cause to investigate modelling in recent researches. However consideration of the objectives of fuel cost and emission value in the dispatch distribution problems known as the eco-environmental dispatch distribution. Although Due to the paradox between the reduction of utility costs and external costs, different methods used.

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Faye, Bernard, M. Ratovonanahary, and Renaud Cherrier. "Effet d'un facteur alimentaire sur la pathologie néonatale : Résultats d'une enquête rétrospective sur la distribution de mangrove aux chamelons en République de Djibouti." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 46, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9449.

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Une enquête rétrospective réalisée dans 23 campements de nomades afars de la région d'Obock (Djibouti) a porté sur les modes d'utilisation traditionnelle de la végétation lagunaire (mangrove à palétuviers) et leur relation avec la pathologie observée, notamment chez les chamelons. Quatre types d'exploitation de la mangrove peuvent être décrits : distribution de branches de palétuvier aux chamelons âgés de moins d'un an dans les campements et pâturage des adultes dans la mangrove; utilisation permanente de la mangrove associée à une complémentation; exploitation occasionnelle par émondage; utilisation permanente sans complémentation. Le risque d'observer des troubles sanitaires (pertes d'appétit, boiterie, paralysie, maladies de peau) est 4,28 fois plus élevé en l'absence de complémentation de la ration de base de mangrove.

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Katsanevakis, Markos, Rodney A. Stewart, and Junwei Lu. "Energy storage system utilisation to increase photovoltaic penetration in low voltage distribution feeders." Journal of Energy Storage 14 (December 2017): 329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2017.07.022.

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Hirschberger, Petra. "Spatial distribution, resource utilisation and intraspecific competition in the dung beetle Aphodius ater." Oecologia 116, no. 1-2 (August 10, 1998): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050572.

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Curi, R., P. Newsholme, and E. A. Newsholme. "Intracellular distribution of some enzymes of the glutamine utilisation pathway in rat lymphocytes." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 138, no. 1 (July 1986): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(86)90282-2.

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Lesage, Alain D., Doris Clerc, Isabelle Uribé, Jocelyne Cournoyer, José Fabian, Valérie Tourjman, Ian Van Haaster, and Chi-Hsing Chang. "Estimating Local-Area Needs for Psychiatric Care: A Case Study." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 1 (July 1996): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.1.49.

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BackgroundDifferent approaches to estimating local catchment-area needs for psychiatric services are illustrated and compared.MethodData from an epidemiological morbidity survey of a random sample of 496 adults were available, as were actual service utilisation rates. Four types of utilisation were modelled (i.e. overall out-patient, in-patient, emergency clinic) using social indicators available from Statistics Canada census-tract data. Finally, a case–control study compared out-patients from a deprived and an affluent catchment area, matched case by case for primary diagnosis, age, sex and residential status (n=52).ResultsModelling proved highly predictive of utilisation, the overall-use model accounting for 73% of the variance. The case–control study indicated a higher rate of Axis II traits, substance abuse and needs for social care in the deprived catchment area.ConclusionsResource allocation based on the social indicators modelling method was more consistent with sensible distribution of human resources. None of the methods, however, appear to reflect adequately the severity of caseloads evidenced in the case–control study.

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Geurten, Rose J., Arianne M. J. Elissen, Henk J. G. Bilo, Jeroen N. Struijs, Chantal van Tilburg, and Dirk Ruwaard. "Identifying and delineating the type 2 diabetes population in the Netherlands using an all-payer claims database: characteristics, healthcare utilisation and expenditures." BMJ Open 11, no. 12 (December 2021): e049487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049487.

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ObjectivesWe aimed to identify and delineate the Dutch type 2 diabetes population and the distribution of healthcare utilisation and expenditures across the health system from 2016 to 2018 using an all-payer claims database.DesignRetrospective observational cohort study based on an all-payer claims database of the Dutch population.SettingThe Netherlands.ParticipantsThe whole Dutch type 2 diabetes population (n=900 522 in 2018), determined based on bundled payment codes for integrated diabetes care and medication use indicating type 2 diabetes.Outcome measuresAnnual prevalence of type 2 diabetes, comorbidities and characteristics of the type 2 diabetes population, as well as the distribution of healthcare utilisation and expenditures were analysed descriptively.ResultsIn 2018, 900 522 people (6.5% of adults) were identified as having type 2 diabetes. The most common comorbidity in the population was heart disease (12.1%). Additionally, 16.2% and 5.6% of patients received specialised care for microvascular and macrovascular diabetes-related complications, respectively. Most patients with type 2 diabetes received pharmaceutical care (99.1%), medical specialist care (97.0%) and general practitioner consultations (90.5%). In total, €8173 million, 9.4% of total healthcare expenditures, was reimbursed for the type 2 diabetes population. Medical specialist care accounted for the largest share of spending (38.1%), followed by district nursing (12.4%), and pharmaceutical care (11.5%).ConclusionsAll-payer claims databases can be used to delineate healthcare use: this insight can inform health policy and practice and, thereby, support better decisions to promote long-term sustainability of healthcare systems. The healthcare utilisation of the Dutch type 2 diabetes population is distributed across the health system and utilisation of medical specialist care is high. This is likely to be due to presence of concurrent morbidities and complications. Therefore, a shift from a disease-specific approach to a person-centred and integrated care approach could be beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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Jopri, M. H., A. R. Abdullah, T. Sutikno, M. Manap, and M. R. Yusoff. "A Utilisation of Improved Gabor Transform for Harmonic Signals Detection and Classification Analysis." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp21-28.

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This paper presents a utilization of improved Gabor transform for harmonic signals detection and classification analysis in power distribution system. The Gabor transform is one of time frequency distribution technique with a capability of representing signals in jointly time-frequency domain and known as time frequency representation (TFR). The estimation of spectral information can be obtained from TFR in order to identify the characteristics of the signals. The detection and classification of harmonic signals for 100 unique signals with numerous characteristic of harmonics with support of rule-based classifier and threshold setting that been referred to IEEE standard 1159 2009. The accuracy of proposed method is determined by using MAPE and the outcome demonstrate that the method gives high accuracy of harmonic signals classification. Additionally, Gabor transform also gives 100 percent correct classification of harmonic signals. It is verified that the proposed method is accurate and cost efficient in detecting and classifying harmonic signals in distribution system.

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SHARMA, ANDY. "Modelling disparities in health services utilisation for older Blacks: a quantile regression framework." Ageing and Society 35, no. 8 (June 16, 2014): 1657–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x14000440.

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ABSTRACTWith the on-going ageing of the United States population, resolving health disparities continues to be a prominent and worthwhile goal, particularly in the areas of promoting minority health and reducing racial/ethnic disparities. This analysis employs the 2004 and 2005 Household Component records from the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey, which correspond to data files H89 and H97, to examine utilisation by race across the entire distribution function; more specifically, applying the behavioural model of health services utilisation and employing a Quantile Regression (QR) framework. This is a noteworthy contribution because the conditional mean may not be the best approximation for a skewed-location distribution. In contrast, QR is robust to outliers and scale effects since the estimation minimises least absolute deviation. The sample consists of 2,525 older adults at least 65 years of age with 303 corresponding to Black and 2,222 corresponding to White. Results suggest older Blacks continue to utilise health services (i.e. office or clinic visits with a physician or medical provider) at lower levels and this is more pronounced at and below the median quantile (i.e. below the 50th cut-off). Usual source of care (USC) continues to play an important role. Beliefs surrounding the need for insurance and medical intervention are also significant and explain some of the racial disparities. Although utilisation disparities persist for older Blacks, collaborative and flexible models of care can reach this group.

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Valkov, Ivan, Phil Trinder, and Natalia Chechina. "Reliable distribution of computational load in robot teams." Autonomous Robots 45, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 351–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10514-021-09967-8.

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AbstractModern multi-robot systems often need to solve computationally intensive tasks but operate with limited compute resources and in the presence of failures. Cooperating to share computational tasks between robots at the edge reduces execution time. We introduce and evaluate a new computation load management technology for teams of robots: Reliable Autonomous Mobile Programs (RAMPs). RAMPs use information about the computational resources available in the team and a cost model to decide where to execute. RAMPs are implemented in ROS on a collection of Raspberry Pi-based robots. The performance of RAMPs is evaluated using route planning, a typical computationally-intensive robotics application. A systematic study of RAMPs demonstrates a high likelihood of optimal or near-optimal distribution and hence efficient resource utilisation. RAMPs successfully complete in the presence of simultaneous, or successive, robot failures and network failures, while preserving near-optimal distribution.

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Diema Konlan, Kennedy, Milipaak Japiong, Kennedy Dodam Konlan, Agani Afaya, Solomon Mohammed Salia, and Joseph M. Kombat. "Utilization of Insecticide Treated Bed Nets (ITNs) among Caregivers of Children under Five Years in the Ho Municipality." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2019 (April 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3693450.

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Background. In Ghana, attempts to control malaria through antimalarial medications are currently threatened by the emergence and spread of drug resistant malaria parasites. This, together with the increasing incidence of malaria, has heightened the need for a more effective method of controlling the spread. The use of Insecticide Treated Bed Net (ITN) has been recognised as an effective measure in the prevention of malaria. Objective/Purpose. In this study, we examined the utilisation of ITN among caregivers of children under five years in Ho municipality of Ghana. Methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited 283 household representatives through a multistage sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the data and was analyzed using STATA version 14. Descriptive and inferential statistics were adopted in presenting the data. Results. Ownership of ITN was higher (80.7%) than its utilisation (41.7%). The age of caregiver was strongly associated with the utilisation of ITN (AOR=2.00, 95% CI=0.00, 0.02, p<0.001) among children less than five years. Caregivers aged 26-35 were 49% times less likely to use an ITN as compared to those aged between 17 and 25 and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion. In order to ensure a high ITN coverage and utilisation, there is the need for continuous distribution of ITNs to households. Households should be sensitized to use the nets to prevent the continuous spread of malaria.

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Suliman, Mohammed Yahya. "Voltage profile enhancement in distribution network using static synchronous compensator STATCOM." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 3367. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp3367-3374.

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STATCOM is one of FACTS devices that used as regulator for transmission and distribution systems which works for reactive power compensation. STATCOM utilisation in distribution system mostly for enhancing the profile of voltage, where used for adjusting the disturbance voltage by injecting into the system a controllable voltage. This paper present a Fuzzy controller based on STATCOM to enhance the voltage profile in distribution network. The controller of STATCOM has simulated for different types of abnormal load conditions of balance and unbalance load. The results of simulation show ability of proposed design to enhance the load voltage which was 96% of the nominal value.

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Capouchová, I., J. Petr, and D. Marešová. "Evaluation of size distribution of starch granules in selected wheat varieties by the Low Angle Laser Light Scattering method." Plant, Soil and Environment 49, No. 1 (December 10, 2011): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4083-pse.

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    The distribution of the size of wheat starch granules using the method LALLS (Low Angle Laser Light Scattering), followed by the evaluation of the effect of variety, experimental site and intensity of cultivation on the vol. % of the starch A (starch granules > 10 μm) was determined. The total starch content and crude protein content in dry matter of flour T530 in selected collection of five winter wheat varieties were determined. Vol. % of the starch A in evaluated collection of wheat varieties varied between 65.31 and 72.34%. The effect of a variety on the vol. % of starch A seemed to be more marked than the effect of site and intensity of cultivation. The highest vol. % of starch A reached evaluated varieties from the quality group C, i.e. varieties unsuitable for baking utilisation (except variety Contra with high total content of starch in dry matter of flour T530, but relatively low vol. % of starch A). A low vol. % of starch A was also found in the variety Hana (very good variety for baking utilisation). Certain variety differences followed from the evaluation of distribution of starch fractions of starch granules, forming starch A. In the case of varieties Hana, Contra and Siria higher representation of fractions up to 30 μm was recorded, while starch A in the varieties Estica andVersailleswas formed in higher degree by size fractions of starch granules over 30 μm and particularly size fraction > 50 μm was greatest in these varieties of all evaluated samples. With increasing total starch content in dry matter of flour T530 the crude protein content decreased; the vol. % of starch A not always increased proportionally with increasing total starch content.

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Stangoulis, James C. R., Patrick H. Brown, Nacer Bellaloui, Robert J. Reid, and Robin D. Graham. "The efficiency of boron utilisation in canola." Functional Plant Biology 28, no. 11 (2001): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp00164.

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Boron (B) deficiency is a common abiotic stress in many countries and is known to reduce canola yields. Growing B-efficient canola cultivars on deficient soils can reduce the impact of this deficiency, but to date little is known of the mechanisms associated with the efficiency trait. This work investigated the factors underlying the observed genotypic variation in the ability of different cultivars of canola (Brassica napus L.) to grow under low B supply. Previous studies have identified the cultivars Huashuang-2 and Dunkeld as B-efficient and the cultivar Barossa as B-inefficient. It was found that in Huashuang-2, efficiency was not related to uptake of B to the shoots, possibly indicating efficiency in B utilisation. A correlation was established between B efficiency and the ratio of the B concentration in the younger relative to the older leaves. Comparison of the distribution of B in young and old leaves under deficient and adequate B conditions showed that when B was limited, the concentration of B in the older leaves decreased with plant age, whereas when sufficient B was supplied, the concentration in these leaves continued to increase with age. The loss of B from mature leaves under deficient conditions suggested retranslocation to other tissues. Experiments in which boric acid enriched with 10 B was applied to mature leaves showed that in only one of the efficient cultivars, Huashuang-2, was B retranslocated to younger leaves. In the other two cultivars, the sink for the 10 B exported from the older leaves was not identified. It was concluded that there exist multiple mechanisms for B efficiency in canola.

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ALRASHED, Mosab, Theoklis NIKOLAIDIS, Pericles PILIDIS, and Soheil JAFARI. "Utilisation of turboelectric distribution propulsion in commercial aviation: A review on NASA’s TeDP concept." Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 34, no. 11 (November 2021): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2021.03.014.

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Oliyide, Rilwan Olaolu, and Liana M. Cipcigan. "Management of Charging Load of Electric Vehicles for Optimal Capacity Utilisation of Distribution Transformers." Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 09, no. 11 (2021): 60–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jpee.2021.911004.

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Arabczyk, Waleran, and R. Wróbel. "Utilisation of XRD for the Determination of the Size Distribution of Nanocrystalline Iron Materials." Solid State Phenomena 94 (June 2003): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.94.235.

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Nduka, Kenneth, Ubanozie Julian Obibuike, Ifeanyi Michael Onyejekwe, Anthony Kerunwa, and Stanley Toochukwu Ekwueme. "Development of Domestic Gas Supply and Utilisation Prices for Effective Gas Distribution in Nigeria." International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering 9, no. 2 (2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ogce.20210902.12.

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Karthaus, Jan, Benedikt Groschup, Robin Krüger, and Kay Hameyer. "Mechanical stress distribution and the utilisation of the magneto-elastic effect in electrical machines." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 1085–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2018-0387.

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Purpose Due to the increasing amount of high power density high-speed electrical machines, a detailed understanding of the consequences for the machine’s operational behaviour and efficiency is necessary. Magnetic materials are prone to mechanical stress. Therefore, this paper aims to study the relation between the local mechanical stress distribution and magnetic properties such as magnetic flux density and iron losses. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, different approaches for equivalent mechanical stress criteria are analysed with focus on their applicability in electrical machines. Resulting machine characteristics such as magnetic flux density distribution or iron are compared. Findings The study shows a strong influence on the magnetic flux density distribution when considering the magneto-elastic effect for all analysed models. The influence on the iron loss is smaller due to a high amount of stress-independent eddy current loss component. Originality/value The understanding of the influence of mechanical stress on dimensions of electrical machines is important to obtain an accurate machine design. In this paper, the discussion on different equivalent stress approaches allows a new perspective for considering the magneto-elastic effect.

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Yiannakoulias, N., D. P. Schopflocher, and L. W. Svenson. "Utilisation des données administratives pour comprendre la distribution géographique de la détermination des cas." Maladies chroniques et blessures au Canada 30, no. 1 (December 2009): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.30.1.05f.

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Résumé Nous avons examiné la variabilité géographique de l’information générée à partir de différentes définitions de cas d’asthme infantile, provenant des données administratives sur la santé utilisées en Alberta, au Canada. Notre objectif était de déterminer si les analyses fondées sur différents algorithmes de détermination des cas permettent ou non de définir les groupes géographiques dans la même région que celle sur laquelle porte l’étude. Notre groupe d’étude reposait sur une cohorte fermée d’enfants asthmatiques nés en 1988. Nous avons utilisé une statistique sur l’analyse spatiale pour établir les variations de l’emplacement approximatif des groupes géographiques liés à l’asthme selon différentes définitions de cas. Nos résultats indiquent que l’algorithme de détermination des cas et la source de données n’ont pas une très grande incidence sur les profils géographiques. Par exemple, les asthmatiques identifiés à partir des données sur les réclamations au titre de frais médicaux ont démontré un regroupement semblable à celui des asthmatiques définis à partir des données sur l’hospitalisation et provenant du service d’urgence. Cependant, il faut bien prendre en considération les estimations de la prévalence et de l’incidence et les valider par rapport aux autres sources de données.

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Wegerich, Kai. "Informal network utilisation and water distribution in two districts in the Khorezm Province, Uzbekistan." Local Environment 9, no. 4 (August 2004): 337–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1354983042000246261.

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Singhal, Nikita Ghanshyam, and Kory W. Hedman. "Iterative transmission and distribution optimal power flow framework for enhanced utilisation of distributed resources." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 9, no. 11 (August 6, 2015): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0998.

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Shi, Jun, Jingyu Ran, Changlei Qin, Mingchu Ran, and Li Zhang. "Adaptive air distribution in an ejector burner for the utilisation of methanol-mixed fuels." Fuel 162 (December 2015): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.004.

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R., Balaji, Sekkizhar M., Asok Kumar M., and Nirmala P. "AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF DRUG UTILISATION PATTERN AND PHARMACOVIGILANCE OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 6 (November 14, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i6.23430.

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Objective: Drug Utilization Research (DUR) was defined by the WHO in 1977 as “The marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in a society, with special emphasis on the resulting medical, social and economic implications”. The main aim of conducting drug utilisation research is to facilitate rational use of drugs I,e the prescription of a well documented drug together with correct information at an affordable cost. Psychiatric disorders form an important public health priority among which psychotic disorders are the chief contributors to disability adjusted life years [DALYs] and are associated with high levels of health service utilization and treatment cost. Without the knowledge of how drugs are being prescribed and used it is difficult to initiate a discussion on rational drug use or to suggest measures to improve prescribing patterns. To analyse the drug utilization pattern by using standard parameters.Methods: After getting approval from the institutional human ethics committee and consent from the patients willing to participate in this study, a total of 79 prescriptions containing atleast one antipsychotic drug was collected in one year period from patients attending psychiatric OPD. The patients were given a one month follow up and the adverse effects which arise out of therapy are noted and analysed.Results: Out of the 79 participants, 59.49% were males and 40.51% were females. Regarding the morbidity distribution, Schizophrenia contributes to 50.63% and bipolar disorder contributes to 29.11% of diagnosis. Based on the analysis by WHO/INRUD standard guidelines, the average number of drugs and antipsychotic drugs per prescription were 3.32 and 1.38 respectively. The utilsation of antipsychotic drugs assessed by PDD/DDD ratio is equal to one for haloperidol and aripiprazole while it is less than one for other antipsychotic drugs. The adverse effects commonly encountered while treating psychotic cases are sedation, extra pyramidal symptoms, weight gain and anticholinergic side effects like constipation and urinary retention.Conclusion: The age and morbidity distribution of the participants are similar to the outcomes of many studies. The antipsychotic drugs haloperidol and aripiprazole are utilised appropriately while there is under utilisation of other antipsychotics. The volume of use of haloperidol, olanzapine benzodiazepines should be judicious considering their adverse effects.

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Diamanti, Eleni. "Progrés et défis pour la cryptographie quantique." Photoniques, no. 91 (May 2018): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/20189133.

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La cryptographie quantique, et plus particulièrement la distribution quantique de clés, promet la communication des données avec une sécurité absolue, indépendante des capacités d’un espion éventuel. Malgré des progrès significatifs, pour son utilisation dans une large gamme d’applications, des défis liés à la performance, le coût et la sécurité pratique des systèmes devront être abordés les prochaines années.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Utilisation distribution'

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