Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Usure oxydative'
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Borel, Marc-Olivier. "Influence des carbures eutectiques sur le comportement transitoire entre usure oxydative et usure par transfert des fontes grises alliées /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1989. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=705.
Full textZhang, Yunbo. "Effect of microstructure on oxidative wear of a dual-phase low-alloy steel under different gaseous atmospheres, sliding speeds, and oxidation temperatures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2699.
Full textThe tribological behavior of dual-phase steels was investigated at the effects of different martensite volume fraction (MVF), gaseous environments, and sliding velocities, using a ball-on-disk tribometer, under constant load and dry friction sliding conditions. Furthermore, the tribological behavior of oxide layers formed at different temperatures and MVF was investigated by nanoindentation and scratching tests. Dry sliding experiments demonstrated that lower MVF, higher sliding velocities, and CO2 environments significantly reduce wear rates due to improved oxidation as well as the formation of protective oxide layers on the worn surfaces. Scratch tests of oxide layers revealed that the wear rate of same composition oxide layers decreased with increasing MVF. The wear resistance of the FeO-dominated oxide layer is the worst. Under the same conditions, the oxide scale formed on martensite has higher specific wear resistance than that formed on ferrite
Gouider, Mohamed. "Tribologie des composites Carbone / Carbone : échelles et contributions relatives de la mécanique et de la physico-chimie." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0090/these.pdf.
Full textThe tribological behaviour of the Carbon/Carbon composites is characterised, in the case of low energy braking, by brutal friction transitions which are badly controlled, and high wear rates. The problem complexity is due the interdependence between the mechanical and physicochemical parameters. To uncouple them, a mass spectrometer was coupled with a Pin-on-Disc tribological tester to analyse in-situ the gases variations in the contact during friction. The tribological and spectrometric measurements with the rubbed surfaces analysis have permitted to distinguish two varieties of tribological behaviour. During the first one, wear is high (dusting) and the friction “ reactive ” (associated with CO/CO2 release and an O2/H2O asumption). The coefficient of friction value is systematically high due to the adhesive forces applied by the dangling bonds created by the important detachment of particles. Thus, the first bodies and the third body volume accommodate the speed between the bodies in contact. During the second one, wear is low and the friction is “ non-creative ” (without CO2 release). The coefficient of friction value can be low or high according to behaviour of the physically and chemically absorbed vapours layers which accommodate the speeds. The origin of these two tribological behaviour varieties
Gouider, Mohamed Berthier Yves. "Tribologie des composites Carbone / Carbone échelles et contributions relatives de la mécanique et de la physico-chimie /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=gouider.
Full textDreano, Alixe. "Formalisation des mécanismes de tribo-oxydation d'un alliage de cobalt soumis à des sollicitations de fretting-usure : effet de la température." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC034/document.
Full textThis manuscript presents a multi-physical analysis of the fretting wear damages observed on a cobalt-based alloy. It has been showed that the wear process is severe at low temperature whereas a mild wear process takes place at high temperature. At low temperature, the wear process is driven by a synergetic action of the oxidation of the surface and the abrasion of the newly formed oxide layer. An analytical formulation is then proposed by taking into account these two phenomena. However, the proposed wear law is only valid when the wear debris is immediately ejected out of the interface. Yet, when the temperature is high enough, the debris starts to agglomerate into the interface changing completely the tribological response. At high temperature, a protective tribolayer is formed by a compaction and sintering processes of the wear debris which drastically limits wear. The oxido-abrasive wear law, describing the wear behaviour at low temperature, is then modified in order to take into account the tribolayer formation. The tribolayer, also called "glaze layer", has a multi-layerered structure whose formation is strongly linked to the oxidation and diffusive properties of the alloying elements. In the light of these results, the tribological mecanisms providing complete protection of the interface from further wear are discussed
Rocchi, Jérôme. "Couplage entre modélisations et expérimentations pour étudier le rôle de l'oxydation et des sollicitations mécaniques sur la rhéologie et les débits de troisième corps solide : cas de l'usure de contacts de géométrie conforme." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0057/these.pdf.
Full textMaintenance operation periods may be increased if the reliability of aircraft and associated components can be guaranteed. Wear is one of the key issue to solve to increase reliability and therefore safety. Engine bleed system reliability may be greatly improved if wear issues on its regulating clappers could be solved. Tribological analyses show that wear is the result of strong vibration and temperature environment. Wear results of mechanical and physico-chemical solicitations. Stresses on materials related to vibration have been determined by computation integrating solid and contact mechanics. Computational results showed that stresses are below the yield stress of the material and therefore cannot explain observed degradations. Oxidation seems to have a stronger role as it modifies surface morphology and rheology. Tribological tests, mechanical and chemical analyses allow evaluating the third body flows representative of degradations. The uncoupling of the equations of third body flows leads to identify wear real cause which is not due to the oxidation of the first bodies, as generally assumed, but results of the oxidation of the third body. Experimentally, it has also been demonstrated that friction, by increasing the cohesion of the third body, limits oxidation and therefore wear. All previous results let to establish the tribological circuit of each clapper allowing to propose relevant materials and design solutions. Tribological circuit gives a strong added value to understand all phenomena at each level of the wear study
Rocchi, Jérôme Berthier Yves. "Couplage entre modélisations et expérimentations pour étudier le rôle de l'oxydation et des sollicitations mécaniques sur la rhéologie et les débits de troisième corps solide cas de l'usure de contacts de géométrie conforme /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2006. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=rocchi.
Full textAbourayak, Khalid. "Comportement tribologique à chaud de couches minces extra-dures obtenues par déposition physique en phase vapeur (PVD)." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0020.
Full textDegrange, Jean-Marie. "Influence des propriétés viscoélastiques sur le comportement tribologique d'élastomères chargés de type NBR : Application aux joints bi-lèvres des roulements à billes de roue." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2005. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/jmdegrange.pdf.
Full textIn this study, correlations between contact conditions, wear evolutions, physicochemical transformations and viscoelastic or thermomechanical behaviours of "nitrile" rubbers (NBR) were performed. To better understand the relationships between rubber composition parameters and tribological mechanisms, various compounds were manufactured. In unlubricated conditions, the friction of rubbers and a steel ball deals with two different tribological behaviours. One consists on a "cohesive" wear. The other one does not show any significant wear track, which matches to a "thermo-oxidation" transformation. Both phenomena occur with a specific kinetic and "activation" according to volumic parameters (i. E. Tg, E', tan the kind and the rate of filled particles : carbon black or 'white particles', crosslink density) or surface treatments (i. E. With chlorine or a quick heat flow). This study aims at highlighting the leakage mechanisms of ball-bearings manufactured by "SNR roulements"
Guillot, Ivan. "Oxydation et phénomènes de frottement à chaud sur les aciers inoxydables ferritiques : influence des éléments mineurs (Ti, Nb, Mo)." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD245.
Full textPan, Linzhu. "Comportement mécanique et thermomagnétique des métaux : fer - nickel - cuivre et bronze en frottement et usure." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL045N.
Full textPerrinet, Olivier. "Analyse de l'endurance de contacts électriques Sn, Au et Ag soumis à des sollicitations complexes de fretting usure." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0009.
Full textIn automotive applications and in other areas (energy, aviation, etc.), the number of electronic devices has increased significantly in recent last decades. Systems and people securities are based on the quality of electrical connectors. However, submitted to vibrations (car engine, environment) micro-displacements are induced at the interface. The problem of electrical contact is mainly due to the impairment of low current conduction (5mA) in interfaces subjected to repetitive sliding displacement generating a well-known fretting wear phenomenon. Fretting wear solicitation appears as a process of very detrimental degradation. Besides surface deterioration, this process leads an increase of the electrical contact resistance and a possible loss of the electrical signal. This is particularly the case of the low level connectors which are very sensitive to electrical contact fluctuations. To remedy, connections actors develop new deposits to limit the use of noble ones such as gold. The objectives of this thesis are to establish a "table of use" coatings based on specific solicitations and define a methodology for the selection of deposits to optimize the lifetime connectors. The study covers different aspects such as the mechanical loading conditions influence, the thickness deposits influence, the type of deposit (noble, non-noble, doped), the displacement amplitude (microdisplacement and large displacement) and the electrical endurance formalization (energetic approach and power law)
Alkelae, Fathia. "Etude en fretting usure sous hautes températures d'un contact Waspaloy/René125 : formation et stabilité des "glaze layers"." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC015/document.
Full textNickel based alloys are the most developed materials nowadays for applications at high temperature, as in aeronautics, nuclear…The aim of this study is to understand their behavior at high temperature under fretting wear solicitations. Thereby, we had focused on a tribosystem formed of Waspaloy/René 125, which represent the crankcase/blade contact of the low pressure Turbine. We started studying the temperature effect, it is been noticed that above T = 400°C, a lubricant tribofilm, called the Glaze Layer is generated at the interface of the contact, which enable an abrupt reduction in friction and wear rate. The temperature was than fixed at 700°C (service temperature), so the glaze layer stability was analyzed as a function of contact pressure, sliding amplitude, frequency and number of cycles imposed. This analysis shows a bilinear wear evolution, characterized by a fast initial wear related to the formation of the glaze layer, followed by almost no wear once the glaze layer is formed. This study showed that the wear rate related to the glaze layer formation is dependent of the sliding velocity. Above a sliding velocity threshold, the formation of a stabilized glaze layer is quite difficult. A Master curve is here established. Microscopic and spectroscopic investigations are conducted to analyze the interface based on interrupted tests of a very short duration. Leading to a precise description of the glaze layer formation mechanisms. At the end of this study, a comparative analysis of different coatings developed to improve these components behavior, in the framework of INNOLUB project was established, allowing choosing the coating offering the best tribological properties and lifetime
Kaczorowski, Damien. "Usures d'un acier inoxydable austénitique dans de l'eau à haute pression et haute température." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECDL0010.
Full textLaporte, Julie. "Etude et modélisation de l'endurance électrique de micro-contacts soumis à des sollicitations de fretting-usure : caractérisation de nouveaux dépôts base Argent." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC034/document.
Full textAdvanced instrumentation in mechanical systems (aeronautical, automobile etc…) goes hand in hand with an ever increased use of electrical connectors. However, the unfavorable operating environment (chemical attack and vibrational loads) causes more or less severe degradation of electrical contacts, which in turn perturbs their electrical conductivity. Gold plating is usually applied in electrical contacts in order to limit damage and to ensure connector stability. However, economic constraints and the high cost of gold require cheaper alternatives. Amongst conductive metals, silver is the best candidate. Hence, the purpose of this PhD project is to investigate the electrical response and the degradation of silver coatings when subjected to fretting loadings. The study is divided into three main research axes. The first axis consists in realizing a complete study of a homogeneous silver/silver contact in order to identify the degradation mechanisms that are responsible for the electrical failure, both in fretting loadings and reciprocating sliding. It was possible to formalize a predictive model, using an energy density approach, allowing to extrapolate the lifetime of the contact as a function of various loading parameters. A complementary study also showed the impact of a corrosive sulfur atmosphere on these electric contacts. As part of the second research axis, an investigation of the tribological and electrical behavior of novel silver-based materials, solely synthesized as a gold replacement, was performed. The analysis of these homogeneous contacts allowed to explain the degradation mechanism and the mechanical behavior of these contacts when subjected to a wet environment. In the last research axis a study was led on the same silver-based materials but in a heterogenous configuration against a gold coating in order to identify the tribological and electrical behavior of these contacts when composed by materials with similar or opposite properties
Mege-Revil, Alexandre. "Comportement à l'oxydation haute température de films nanocomposites du sytème Me-Si-N(Me=Ti, Cr) déposés par procédés sous vide sur acier." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0079/these.pdf.
Full textCoatings in the Me-Al-Si-N system were deposited on M2 steel using different vapour deposition process. SEM, TEM and XRD studies indicated in most cases that a nanocomposite structure in which Me(Al)N nanograins are embedded in an amorphous SiNx matrix was actually synthesized. A strong increase in the hardness, the oxidation resistance and the wear resistance of the coatings was then observed. Adding aluminium further improved the oxidation resistance. Environmental SEM observations allowed us to suggest a mechanism for the oxidation of PVD-deposited nanocomposite coatings. Thermal cycling tests showed the synergy between the hard, resilient TiN phase and the chemically inert but fragile SiNx phase. Finally, tribo-oxidation experiments combining wear and high temperature oxidation showed that adding Si in CrN allowed an increase of the wear resistance of a coated ball inversely related with the temperature
Dorgans, Céline. "Study of interactions between glass and tungsten during glass hot forming processes." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0022.
Full textDuring syringe hot forming, tungsten-glass interactions lead to oxidation and wear of the tungsten tool and contamination of the syringe by tungsten. Direct consequences are unwanted reactions with sensitive medicines I contained in the syringes. Oxidation and wear of the tungsten tool was studied in air and in glass at high temperature, during dedicated experiments and during the syringe forming process. Thanks to the understanding of these phenomena, solutions to avoid contamination of the syringe by tungsten were proposed
Davin, Edouard Aurélien Thomas. "Amorce du crissement : analyse expérimentale des liens avec le circuit tribologique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0018.
Full textSqueal is a high-pitched noise emitted by braking systems. Very disturbing to the human ear, squeal is a source of various economic and health issues. Many studies helped understand their emission mechanisms, involving unstable vibrations of the braking system, in particular by mode coupling phenomena. However, the transience of squeal, which appears, evolves over time or stops, remains a scientific barrier. The literature points out the role of the braking interface in the early stages of instabilities and the selection of the involved modes. Our work studies the links between the early stages of squealing and the mechanisms activated at the interface, governed by the behavior of a third-body layer of oxidized matter. An experiment based on the perturbation of the tribological mechanisms allows the system response to be monitored. After running-in in dry air atmosphere, the system is perturbed by a transition to a non-oxidizing atmosphere in order to inhibit the third body source flow generated by oxidation. A dedicated protocol allows the control of the key phenomena of the experiment, and we developed a method for multi-scale in situ monitoring of tribological mechanisms on the surface. The perturbation causes a fragmentation and a decrease in the surface area of the layer of third body plateaus. The squeal frequencies present under nominal conditions become less active, and new frequencies appear. This evolution is interpreted by a change in the ability of mechanical waves to travel at the interface, caused by the fragmentation of the compacted third body plateaus
Vergne, Catherine. "Analyse de l'influence des oxydes dans le frottement d'une fonte pour outil de travail à chaud." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1064.
Full textBa, Adji Cathy. "Étude du comportement tribologique d'un couple de matériaux ferromagnétique acier XC48 en contact mécanique et magnétique à sec." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2318/document.
Full textThis thesis is about the study of the tribological behavior of a couple of ferromagnetic materials XC48 steel in mechanical and magnetic dry contact. It consists in identifying the generated effects of the presence or absence of a magnetic field at the static and sliding contact interface. The first step was to establish constraint equations which govern the linear, punctual and surface response of the solids under given loadings, by using models developed in the theory of elasticity. They were then simulated under Mathematica to obtain analytical results of stress fields in sub-surfaces. In the second phase, the dry contact tests carried out by means of a standard pin-on-disc tribometer reveal an increase in the coefficient of friction with the magnetic field on the tribological contact. The analysis by X-ray diffraction shows that the wear debris during the tests with magnetic field comprises the presence of iron oxide. The characterization by scanning electron microscopy and profilometry of worn material shows the state of the sub-surface with modification of the grain structure and presence of soft wear from testing with magnetic field. The photoelasticity measurements show the influence of the magnetic field on the stress fields. By varying the kinematic parameters of the test on our numerical model, we observe an increase in stress fields. These mechanical, magnetic and physicochemical parameters are complex and the study contributes to understanding these problems of dry friction
Elleuch, Khaled. "Comportement en fretting d'alliages d'aluminium : Effet de l'anodisation." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECDL0006.
Full textOn all plane crankcases, vibrations lead to fretting stresses on mechanical assemblies, resulting damage can generate more or less important dysfunction. Two main results are put ahead during this research. The first is a correlation between fretting parameters and crack propagation. Thus, an original methodology for in-situ detection of short crack propagation under fretting wear is implemented. The second result is the development of a wear analysis strategy, which may be extensible to materials subjected to adhesion. With the aim of synthesizing this approach, a fretting wear map is proposed. It takes into account simultaneously phenomenological description of the contact and quantitative analysis of wear. Thus, it is possible to identify the scenario of wear and consequently to determine the concerned mechanisms. The competition between cracking and wear was the subject of a detailed study showing in particular the critical stress field for which there is intensive competition between both kinetics of wear and cracking. In order to improve the fretting behaviour of the aluminium alloy casings, a systematic analysis of the influence of the anodised layers is appliel. The layers have a beneficial effect against wear,and especially, they ensure a better protection of the substrates against cracking
Hannel, Sophie. "Sur l'importance de la transition de glissement en fretting pour la connectique." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECDL0027.
Full textOn all mobile electronic devices, vibrations lead to fretting stresses on electrical connectors contacts. Resulting contact damages hinder the current flow. The main result of this research is the correlation between the electrical behaviour and the fretting sliding condition : for oxygen sensitive materials such as bronze or tin, a partial slip condition guarantees a low and stable electrical resistance, whereas a gross slip condition leads to an irreversible increase and a strong instability of contact résistance. For oxygen insensitive materials such as gold or silver, the electrical behaviour is conditioned by substrate exposure which sooner or later occurs in gross slip. The technological interest lies in the demonstration of a threshold in relative displacement for a satisfactory electrical behaviour. In order to calculate this threshold and thus anticipate the contacts electrical behaviour, a mechanical analysis using 2D finite element modelling of the elastic plastic contact is applied to the experimental bronze/bronze contact. The experimental determination of a relevant friction coefficient, essential input parameter for the efficiency of the model, required an analysis the results of which might be extended to any contact situation involving intense adhesion and plastic deformation. The analysis consists in separating the friction coefficient from obstacle effects and plastic shearing of the interface. Thanks to this analysis, the calculated relative displacement at transition corresponds to that measured in experiments. This experimental validation of the model opens the way to a predictive analysis of the connectors electrical behaviour
Impergre, Amandine. "Interactions entre CoCrMo et milieu cellulaire : De la corrosion à la tribocorrosion." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI060.
Full textThe long-term durability of joint replacements is based on their corrosion resistance and wear behavior. Whatever the materials used, degradation products (metal ions and wear debris) are formed due to the aggressiveness of body fluids and the biomechanics of the joints. Generally, these products are associated with post-operative complications and, as a result, their effects are critical clinical concerns. In this respect, tribocorrosion is a serious consideration in the performance of joint replacements. This work aims to contribute to the improvement of the understanding of the degradation mechanisms of a CoCrMo alloy, used as a joint prosthesis, by understanding the coupling of mechanical loads and cellular activity. This thesis has been structured according to a progressive approach, which begins with the study of the electrochemical behavior of a simulated physiological environment conducive to cell culture (RPMI-1640). Metal alloys and cells were successively added to the study system. The tests revealed that the oxidation of CoCrMo is accelerated in the presence of carbonaceous species and organic compounds, and that the cells are involved in the release of metal ions. A biotribocorrosion device has been developed to evaluate the influence of degradation products on cellular metabolism. This comprehensive multidisciplinary study combined experimental techniques from electrochemistry, biology and tribology to highlight the importance of biomaterial surface chemistry on tribocorrosion resistance and cytotoxicity. Finally, an experimental methodology was proposed in this work, in order to better understand the interaction between simulated physiological fluids and biomaterials
Osowiecki, Raoul. "Evolution des additifs non polymériques des huiles moteur et influence sur leurs performances en service : aspects moléculaires et cinétiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAF054.
Full textCurrent technologies used for diesel engines lead to an accelerated degradation of the non-polymeric additives from lubricants, such as antioxidants, antiwear, friction modifiers and detergency additives.Our work intends to identify the nature of the chemical modifications undergone by such additives during engine functioning. In this respect, an analytical protocol has been developed in order to investigate qualitatively and quantitatively these compound families in engine oils. Following this, the analytical methodology has then been used to study oils altered during engine bench tests and laboratory experiments. Thus, the evolution of the chemical composition, the nature of the degradation products and the alteration processes have been considered. Furthermore, kinetic models have been established for each family of additives.It appears from this study that the processes implied in the alteration of the additives during laboratory tests do not reproduce those existing while engine running. Further laboratory experiments are needed in order to develop tests mimicking more closely the conditions occurring during engine functioning