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Orme, Geoffrey J., and E. James Kehoe. "Development of Cohesion in Mixed-Gender Recruit Training." Military Medicine 184, no. 7-8 (January 23, 2019): e212-e217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usy409.
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Abstract Introduction With the removal in 2016 of restrictions on recruiting women to the combat arms in the all-volunteer Australian Army, a key question has been whether adding women to small combat teams will reduce the sense of cohesion among their members, which entails their subjective bonds with each other, their leader, and wider organization. Despite recent initiatives in Australia and the USA, there are too few women in combat units in any country to answer this question and how these subjective bonds affect a team’s ability to stick together under pressure. Men and women recruits in the Australian Army have undertaken basic soldier training in mixed-gender teams since 1995. Recruit training provides the foundation of teamwork and cohesion in all types of units. The present study capitalized on this well-established practice as an avenue for illuminating the development of cohesion in the form of subjective bonds within mixed-gender teams. Materials and Methods The respondents were 89 females and 434 males, who were members of 46 teams denoted as “sections,” each consisting of 9–12 recruits. The gender mix of the sections varied from 0% female (all males) up to 55.6% females. The recruits were surveyed on three occasions during the 81-day recruit training (Days 10, 46, 80). The questionnaire comprised 18 items asking the recruits’ ratings of “vertical” bonding with their instructor/leaders, “horizontal” bonding within their sections, and “organizational” bonding with the wider Australian Army. This study was conducted under Defence ethics approval DPR-LREP 069-15. Results At the start of training, vertical bonding of the recruits with their instructor/leaders was significantly higher than horizontal and organizational bonding, which were similar. During training, all three types of bonding as rated by both female and male recruits increased and largely converged to a high level. Any apparent gender-related differences were not statistically significant. Bonding scores for females did decline slightly as the proportion of women increased, but only significantly for vertical bonding. Even these declines all occurred within a band of high scores. For male recruits, there was no discernible relationship of bonding scores with the percentage of females in a section; the lines of best fit appeared flat. Conclusions Within the Australian Army, women and men have been trained in mixed-gender sections since 1995 with sustained success, at least anecdotally. The present findings provide the first independent confirmation that all three dimensions of cohesion increase in strength during recruit training much to the same degree in women and men alike. To the extent that felt cohesion translates into effective teamwork, mixed-gender training establishes a sound foundation for integrating women into combat units as well as support units, where they have traditionally served.
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Tombs, Michal, and Phillip L. Morgan. "Changes in new recruits’ motivation and intentions to use a learning portfolio." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 91, no. 2 (March 24, 2017): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x17699227.
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The purpose of the study was to examine motivation and intentions to complete a learning portfolio. Seventy newly recruited Police Community Support Officers (PCSOs) at a UK police constabulary completed questionnaires at four different time points during training that examined their perceptions of the instrumentality of the learning portfolio and their intention to complete it. Results revealed decreases in motivation and intention over the four training periods, with substantially lower ratings six months into training. This study provides insight of the malleability of motivation and attitudes towards the learning portfolio, suggesting that trainers should pay more attention to motivational processes.
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Allsopp, A. J., and A. Shariff. "Improving the Selection of Candidates for Royal Marine Recruit Training by the use of a Combination of Performance Tests." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 90, no. 3 (December 2004): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-90-117.
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AbstractCandidates who wish to undertake Royal Marine recruit training, a physically strenuous course which now extends 32 weeks, must first of all successfully complete a Personal Qualities Assessment (PQA) and four psychomotor tests (Naval Recruiting Tests or RTs) before attending a three-day selection course at the Commando Training Centre, Lympstone, where their Physical capabilities are tested to the full. The effectiveness of theses procedures was untested until the Institute of Naval Medicine conducted a retrospective study during 1999-2000 from which the present study is taken.Data from 1232 recruits were examined to explore the relationship between the outcome of Commando training (pass or fail) with these various selection measures. Estimated aerobic power, time to complete the assault course and age were associated with outcome, as were PQA, RTs 1, 3, 4 and total RT score. A regression equation comprising aerobic fitness, assault course time, RT4 and age gave the best overall prediction of outcome (64%). It is suggested that this mathematical approach provides a scientifically valid and objective assessment tool for future selection strategies.
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Santos, José Augusto Rodrigues, Tiago Azenha Rama, Domingos José Lopes da Silva, Ricardo J. Fernandes, and Rodrigo Zacca. "Supply of Antioxidants vs. Recruit Firefighters’ Cellular Immune Status: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Parallel-Group Trial." Life 12, no. 6 (May 30, 2022): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12060813.
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Background: Physical exercise can affect the immune system. We studied the effect of antioxidants on hematological and immune biomarkers after heavy training. Methods: 24 well-trained and well-fed male firefighters were randomly divided into supplemented and placebo groups, and tested for immunology-related variables using venous blood samples in the fasting state, pre- (M1) and post- (M2) five weeks of daily micronutrient supplementation (15 mg of beta-carotene, 200 mg of vitamin C, 136 mg of vitamin E, 200 μg of selenium, 15 mg of zinc, 100 mg of magnesium). Total leukocytes and a differential count for five populations were determined using standard procedures (MAXM—Beckman Coulter Diagnostics; Brea, CA, USA). Lymphocyte subsets were determined through immunophenotyping. Results: Although all values were within the normal range for healthy adults and athletes in the supplemented group (SG), mean CD3+CD8+, CD8+ and CD16+CD56+ decreased (p < 0.05; small to moderate effects), while mean CD4+, CD19+ and CD4+/CD8+ increased (p < 0.05; small effects) after five-weeks. Regarding the placebo group (PG), higher total leukocyte count (p < 0.05; trivial effect) and natural killer cells percentage (CD16+CD56+; p < 0.05; moderate effect) were observed when comparing M1 and M2. Conclusions: Antioxidants supplementation did not alter well-fed male firefighters recruit firefighters’ immune cell response during the five-week physical training program.
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Hine, Kelly A., Louise E. Porter, Nina J. Westera, Geoffrey P. Alpert, and Andrea Allen. "Exploring Police Use of Force Decision-Making Processes and Impairments Using a Naturalistic Decision-Making Approach." Criminal Justice and Behavior 45, no. 11 (August 13, 2018): 1782–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854818789726.
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As part of their duties, police regularly engage with citizens, which can result in the use of force. While we know how often and under what circumstances officers use force, little is known about officers’ decision-making processes that lead to force. The study took a naturalistic decision-making approach to analyze debrief sessions between 91 recruits and their trainers after partaking in a use-of-force assessment scenario. Results show recruit’s decision making was more aligned with an intuitive style rather than an analytical style. Recruits reported experiencing perceptual, cognitive, and physiological impairments that influenced the way they assessed the situation and affected their ability to successfully execute force techniques. The findings provide valuable insights into the theoretical knowledge around police decision making and how officers are making use-of-force decisions in the field. This has real-world implications for training/education and could help reduce the effects of decision-making impairments.
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Adenaiye, Oluwasanmi O., Julia B. Zirpoli, Marissa Tan, Brendan F. Day, Olayiwola Bolaji, Clifford S. Mitchell, and Marianne Cloeren. "Impact evaluation of a brief online training module on physician use of the Maryland, USA, Prescription Drug Monitoring Program." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 9, 2022): e0272217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272217.
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Background Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) are electronic databases that track controlled substance prescriptions in a state. They are underused tools in preventing opioid abuse. Most PDMP education research measures changes in knowledge or confidence rather than behavior. Objective To evaluate the impact of online case-based training on healthcare provider use of the Maryland (USA) PDMP. Methods We used e-mail distribution lists to recruit providers to complete a brief educational module. Using a pre-training and post-training survey in the module, we measured self-reported PDMP use patterns and perceived PDMP value in specific clinical situations and compared pre- and post-training responses. Within the module, we presented three fictional pain cases and asked participants how they would manage each, both before, and then after presenting prescription drug history simulating a PDMP report. We measured changes in the fictional case treatment plans before and after seeing prescription history. Finally, we measured and compared how often each participant accessed the Maryland PDMP database before and after completing the educational module. We used multivariate logistic regression to measure the effect of the intervention on actual PDMP use frequency. Results One hundred and fifty participants enrolled and completed the training module, and we successfully retrieved real-world PDMP use data of 137 of them. Participants’ decisions to prescribe opioids changed significantly after reviewing PDMP data in each of the fictional cases provided in the module. In the months following the training, the rate of PDMP use increased by a median of four use-cases per month among providers in practice for less than 20 years (p = 0.039) and two use-cases per month among infrequent opioid prescribers (p = 0.014). Conclusion A brief online case-based educational intervention was associated with a significant increase in the rate of PDMP use among infrequent opioid prescribers and those in practice less than 20 years.
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House, Carol M., Sharon J. Dixon, and Adrian J. Allsopp. "User Trial and Insulation Tests to Determine Whether Shock-Absorbing Insoles Are Suitable for Use by Military Recruits during Training." Military Medicine 169, no. 9 (September 2004): 741–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7205/milmed.169.9.741.
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Cloutier, Renee M., Evan S. Cole, Brianna L. McDonough, Daniel A. Lomauro, John P. Miller, Abigail L. Talbert, Todd M. Bear, et al. "Strategies to recruit rural primary care providers to implement a medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) focused integrated care model." Implementation Research and Practice 4 (January 2023): 263348952311528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26334895231152808.
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Background Access to providers and programs that provide medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) remains a systemic barrier for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), particularly if they live in rural areas. The Rural Access to Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) in Pennsylvania Project (Project RAMP) addressed this problem with a multisystem partnership that recruited, trained, and supported rural primary care providers to provide MOUD and implement an integrated care model (ICM) for patients with OUD. Given the demonstrated efficacy of Project RAMP, this article summarizes our recruitment strategies, including feasibility concerns for further expansion into other regions. Methods The approach for recruiting implementation sites included two phases: partner outreach and site identification. Once recruited, the Systems Transformation Framework guided planning and implementation activities. Recruitment and implementation activities were assessed with implementation trackers and evaluated by providers via key informant interviews (KIIs). Results Project RAMP recruited 26 primary care practices from 13 counties, including nine health systems and two private practice groups—exceeding the original target of 24 sites. There was a median of 49 days from first contact to project onboarding. A total of 108 primary care practices spanning 22 health systems declined participation. Findings from the KIIs highlighted the value of engaging PCPs by connecting to a shared vision (i.e., improving the quality of patient care) as well as addressing perceived participation barriers (e.g., offering concierge technical assistance to address lack of training or resources). Conclusion Findings highlight how successful recruitment activities should leverage the support of health system leadership. Findings also emphasize that aiding recruitment and engagement efforts successfully addressed prescribers’ perceived barriers to providing MOUD as well as facilitating better communication among administrators, PCPs, behavioral health professionals, care managers, and patients. Plain Language Summary: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is one of the leading causes of preventable illness and death. The standard of care for OUD is the provision of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and the application of an integrative integrated care model (ICM) where behavioral health is blended with specialized medical services. Unfortunately, access to providers and healthcare facilities that provide MOUD or apply an ICM remains a systemic barrier for patients with OUD, particularly if they live in rural areas. Although there is no one-size-fits-all approach to implementing MOUD in primary care, findings from Project The Rural Access to Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) in Pennsylvania Project (Project RAMP) highlight strategies that may improve future MOUD and ICM implementation efforts in similar rural contexts. Specifically, future efforts to increase MOUD capacity by recruiting new providers should be prepared to leverage health system leadership, address provider barriers via training and expert consultation, and facilitate connections to local behavioral health providers. This approach may be helpful to others recruiting health systems and primary care practices to implement new care models to use MOUD in treating patients with OUD.
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Nirmalasari, Vina, and Wiwin Winarti. "PENGARUH PELATIHAN (BHD) TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN MAHASISWA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT." Jurnal Keperawatan Widya Gantari Indonesia 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.52020/jkwgi.v4i2.1909.
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Abstrak Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) merupakan keadaan hilangnya fungsi jantung secara tiba-tiba yang terjadi di luar rumah sakit dan membutuhkan pertolongan cepat. Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) merupakan pertolongan pertama kepada korban OHCA yang dapat meningkatkan angka keberlangsungan hidup pasien henti jantung. Setiap lapisan masyarakat khususnya mahasiswa kesehatan harus memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan BHD. Pelatihan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mahasiswa jurusan kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan bantuan hidup dasar terhadap pengetahuan dan keterampilan pada Himpunan Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat (HMKM) di UPN “Veteran” Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Quasi Experiment Design (Eksperimental Semu) dengan Pre-Post Without Control Group. Teknik Consecutive sampling digunakan untuk merekrut 23 mahasiswa sebagai responden penelitian. Hasil analisis menggunakan Paired t-test menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pelatihan BHD dengan pengetahuan (p=0,000) dan keterampilan (p=0,000). Hal tersebut menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pelatihan BHD dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan HMKM UPN “Veteran” Jakarta. Kata Kunci : BHD; Keterampilan; Pelatihan; Pengetahuan ABSTRACT Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is a state of a sudden loss of heart function that occurs outside the hospital and requires rapid relief. Basic Life Support (BLS) is the first aid that can increase the survival rate of patients with cardiac arrest of OHCA victims. Every level of society, especially healthcare students, is mandatory to have BLS knowledge and skills. Training can improve healthcare students' knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of basic life support training on the knowledge and skills of the members of the Public Health Student Association at UPN "Veteran" Jakarta. This study used a Quasi Experiment with Pre-Post Without Control Group design. The consecutive sampling method was used to recruit 23 students as respondents. The results of a Paired t-test showed that there was a significant effect of BLS training on the knowledge (p = 0,000) and skills (p = 0,000). This study showed that there is a significant effect of BLS training on the knowledge and skills of the members of the Public Health Student Association at UPN "Veteran" Jakarta. Keywords: BLS; Knowledge; Skill; Training
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Petrakova, A. S. "The use of basic methodological concepts in the process of vocational training of persons, first recruited into the service of internal affaires bodies under conditions of departmental university of the Ministry of Internal Affaires of Russia." Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly, no. 10 (October 2020): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/am.10-20.060.
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Researched is the problem of professional training of persons, recruited for the first time in the internal affairs bodies as prerequisite for provision of the law enforcement system with competent personnel, who qualitatively fulfill their duties to ensure protection of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens. That’s why the training of persons, recruited for the first time in the internal affairs bodies, is of paramount importance for the state. At the same time, the process of training police officers in departmental university has a number of specific features that distinguish it from training in educational organizations of civilian profile, incl. indivisibility of teaching and service, as well as orientation towards diligence and discipline. The purpose of this study was to analyze the process of vocational training of persons first recruited into service of internal organs, from the point of view of using elements of basic methodological concepts known to pedagogical science. As a result of the analysis, it can be argued, that methodological basis for training law enforcement specialists is largely eclectic and combines, to one degree or another, features of all the basic concepts. And although the system of vocational training for persons first recruited into service of internal affairs bodies is built quite clearly and in many ways effective, it still lacks flexibility and adaptability to dynamic changes in external environment.
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Dai, Chia-Liang, Ching-Chen Chen, George B. Richardson, and Howard R. D. Gordon. "Managing Substance Use Disorder through a Walking/Running Training Program." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 14 (January 2020): 117822182093668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178221820936681.
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While emerging studies have demonstrated the benefit of exercise in Substance Use Disorder (SUD) recovery outcomes, lack of motivation to engage in exercise has been indicated as one of many perceived barriers that contribute to low recruitment and adherence rates in SUD treatment. The current study aimed to explore participants’ perceptions of attending a supervised exercise program (boot camp workouts, walking/running practice, and a race event) while in treatment for SUD. A total of 109 participants were recruited to a 14-week exercise training program and 61 chose to participate in, and completed, a race at the close of the program. Interviews were conducted during weeks 6 through 14 and data were examined using Thematic Analysis. Three main themes were identified: (1) pushing forward recovery through running, (2) gaining a sense of achievement by crossing the finish line, and (3) building a sense of belonging in the program. Implications for SUD recovery programs are discussed.
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Mutisya, Muthusi Francis, David M. Mulwa, and James M. Muola. "AN ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ TRAINING ON USE OF QUESTIONING TECHNIQUE AND STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MWALA SUB-COUNTY, MACHAKOS COUNTY, KENYA." Journal of Education and Practice 3, no. 2 (November 25, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.352.
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Purpose: Mathematics’ teachers play an important role in teaching of concepts in mathematics and ensuring that students register good grades in tests. However, in Mwala Sub-county, the scenario is different with many students registering low achievement in mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the influence of mathematics’ teachers training on use of questioning technique on students’ achievement in mathematics in public secondary schools in Mwala Sub-county, Machakos County, Kenya.Methodology: The study was guided by the learning theory. This study adopted mixed methodology and thus applied concurrent triangulation research design. Questionnaires were used to gather quantitative data from mathematics’ teachers whereas interview guides were used to collect qualitative data from principals. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically based on study objectives and presented in narrative form. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferentially using linear regression analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 23) and presented using tables.Findings: The study established that many mathematics’ teachers have basic training on how to use the questioning technique in teaching mathematics. However, this has not improved students’ achievement in mathematics.Contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends that mathematics’ teachers should undergo many in-service trainings on how improve the questioning technique skills. Mathematics’ teachers interact more with experienced colleagues by attending seminars and workshops designed to improve their experience and levels of exposure to different approaches of questioning. The Ministry of Education should create room for more in-service trainings for the newly recruited mathematics’ teachers.
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Valdes, Kristin A., Dianna Lunsford, and Jennifer Castelli. "Financial Acumen Improves After Financial Literacy Training in Individuals With Substance Use Disorder." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 77, Supplement_2 (July 1, 2023): 7711510309p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2023.77s2-po309.
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Abstract Date Presented 04/22/2023 The aim of this study was to determine change in financial acumen after participating in a financial literacy program. Study participants were recruited from a substance abuse treatment center. A total of 31 men participated. A t test was conducted to compare scores on the financial tests. Scores on the financial literacy pretest (M = 74, SD = 13.58) and posttest (M = 84, SD = 10.50) were significantly different, t(30) = −3.14. A financial literacy program for this population is warranted. Primary Author and Speaker: Kristin A. Valdes Additional Authors and Speakers: Dianna Lunsford, Jennifer Castelli
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Kalev, Krasimir. "Strength Calculation of Shell Components of the 120-mm Multiple Use Short-Range Training Mortar Ammunition." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 26, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2020-0125.
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AbstractIn this paper is presented the shell components of Bulgarian 120-mm multiple use short-range training mortar ammunition. These components are constructed and added to the shell of a 120-mm high explosive mortar round. Thus, with minimal financial resources, the 120-mm multiple use shell were designed and constructed so as to be trained recruits in firing the mortar. Strength calculation of the new shell parts of the 120-mm short-range ammunition has been completed. The largest axial stresses that have arisen in the smoke cartridge during a shot have been calculated in order to prevent the self-ignition of the charge.
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Malek, Kristin, Sheryl Fried Kline, and Robin DiPietro. "The impact of manager training on employee turnover intentions." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 1, no. 3 (August 13, 2018): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhti-02-2018-0010.
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Purpose There are decades of research analyzing turnover in the hospitality industry and yet it remains nearly double other industries. Whereas previous studies have analyzed training and its impact on turnover, the purpose of this paper is to look at the direct relationship between training at the management level and how this impacts their direct employees’ turnover intentions. Design/methodology/approach This study utilized annual evaluation data from two luxury resorts in the southeast USA. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted which resulted in four factors: management style, manager/employee relations, manager training and employee turnover intentions. Multiple regression was utilized to assess these relationships between factors. Findings The analyses show that an employee’s perception of his or her manager was inversely related to turnover intentions. Additionally, it was found that management training and management style had a significant inverse relationship with employee turnover intentions. Finally, this study found that as manager training increases, employee turnover intentions decrease. This research indicates that if hotels invest in management training then there will be a reduction in employee turnover intention. Research limitations/implications The sample consisted of only two luxury full service hotels in the southeastern USA. Both luxury hotels recruited a significant amount of employees from local universities; therefore, the workforce was more educated than other hotels. This study should be replicated across hotel types and throughout various locations. Practical implications This research has relevant implications for practitioners. General managers should analyze their training requirements and fiscal appropriations. This research finds that if hotels invest in management training then there will be a reduction in employee turnover. If managers had more training, this study indicates that employees would view their managers more favorably, feel closer to their managers and have less of a desire to leave the organization. Originality/value Extant research has shown that employee training programs impact employee turnover and that manager training programs impact manager turnover. This study extends that research by showing that these segments are not autonomous; manager training has a significant direct effect on employee turnover intention. This has not been studied in turnover intention literature suggests that this could be the missing variable in the body of turnover research.
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Shcherbakova, Olga, Aleksei Voronetsky, Marina Sengaeva, Yulia Bazhdanova, and Dzhamilya Ibragimova. "The use of digital technology in the selection and training of students in the transportation system." E3S Web of Conferences 403 (2023): 07034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340307034.
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The article shows the possibility of using online testing with the help of a computer program in the selection of applicants for technical direction and digital tools for teaching students. It solves the following problems: to show the application of the computer program to determine professional aptitude of future applicants with the help of online testing on digital devices, as well as show the use of digital tools in the organization of work in the training of students. The methods and research tools were digital technologies (online board “Miro”; Edupuzzle – online service for creating visual material; Pear Deck – tool to involve students in the learning process by interactive; Mindomo – for creating mind maps; online testing with the “Wizard” tool; test questionnaire in Google form on the studied material on the “Interpersonal conflicts management” discipline; author’s questionnaire on using digital tools in the learning process of students). The article presents the author’s approach to recruit future students in different learning profiles, including technical, using a computer program written in the “JavaScript” programming language with the created testing interface and subsequent ability to process its results using digital devices such as phone, tablet, computer, etc.
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Binder, Ellen. "STARTING A TESTOSTERONE AND EXERCISE PROGRAM AFTER HIP INJURY (STEP-HI) TRIAL: RATIONALE, METHODS, AND FIDELITY." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1568.
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Abstract The STEP-HI study is an ongoing multi-center, randomized, controlled, double-blinded clinical trial that is evaluating whether six months of topical testosterone therapy combined with a supervised center-based exercise-training program can improve mobility, functional performance, and quality of life after hip fracture, compared to exercise training alone or Enhanced Usual Care. Female hip fracture patients ≥ 65 yrs. old who are living in the community or assisted living are being randomized within 16 weeks of surgical repair for the fracture, and re-evaluated 24 weeks later. Three hundred patients will be recruited from six clinical centers in the USA. This presentation discusses the rationale and study design, including innovative methods for fidelity monitoring of exercise procedures across the clinical sites. Strategies for recruitment and related challenges will be discussed. Preliminary enrollment and fidelity data will be presented.
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Agyemang, Edward, Addae Boateng Adu-Gyamfi, Kobina Esia-Donkoh, and Emmanuel Kusi Achampong. "Effective use of electronic health records system for healthcare delivery in Ghana." Frontiers in Health Informatics 12 (November 15, 2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/fhi.v12i0.510.
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Introduction: In the pursuit of improving effective health service delivery, developing nations including Ghana are progressively integrating electronic health record systems into healthcare frameworks. This research explored the proficient utilization of an EHR called the Lightwave Health Information Management System used by healthcare professionals in Ghana.Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design and a multi-stage sampling technique (stratified and simple random sampling) were used to recruit 1126 respondents for this study. Weighted averages were computed to determine scores for all the indicators measuring the effectiveness construct.Results: The study found that LHIMS improved productivity, patient data gathering, sharing of patient information among service providers, care continuity, data exchange among facilities, decision-making, and coordination/organization of care. Also, health professionals’ work experience, educational qualification, and training status were statistically significant predictors of effective use of the LHIMS at the multivariate level. Age and professional type were statistically significant only at the bivariate level.Conclusion: The study concludes that incorporating the LHIMS improves healthcare professionals' effectiveness in gathering patient information while reducing the likelihood of errors by promptly notifying them of any inaccuracies. The study emphasized the importance of training for effectively using the LHIMS.
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Mazanec, Susan R., Eric Blackstone, Jennifer Anne Dorth, Kate Sandstrom, Celeste Alfes, Nicholas K. Schiltz, Mendel E. Singer, Rod Rezaee, and Barbara J. Daly. "Use of simulation for training family caregivers of patients receiving radiation therapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): TPS12129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.tps12129.
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TPS12129 Background: Positive treatment outcomes and avoidance of complications are dependent to a large extent on the care provided by family members. However, family caregivers report feeling unprepared to assume the multiple, complex tasks of caregiving, including tracheostomy care, tube feedings, wound and colostomy care, pain management, and emotional support. Despite being a critical extension of the oncology healthcare team, training of caregivers to manage symptoms, deal with communication issues with the care recipients, and take care of their own physical and emotional health as caregivers, is not integrated into clinical practice. The purpose of this clinical trial is to measure the effect of a psychoeducational caregiver intervention that incorporates simulation techniques focused on skill development to improve caregiver and patient outcomes. Simulation, commonly used in training healthcare professionals, is a form of experiential learning that creates events or situations to mimic clinical situations. Use of simulation for skills training in family caregivers of patients with cancer is rarely studied. Methods: This two-group, randomized clinical trial, which opened to accrual in December 2019, will recruit 180 caregivers from University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center. Patients must be receiving radiation therapy for a diagnosis of stage I - III cancers of the rectum, anus, and esophagus; stage III NSCLC; or stage I – IV A/B head/neck cancer. Adult caregivers must be identified by the patient as their primary caregiver, who is providing daily assistance and/or emotional support. The intervention involves three in-person, one-on-one sessions during radiation treatments. The control group is usual care. Data will be collected at baseline, at the end of radiation treatment, and 4 and 20 weeks post-radiation treatment. The primary outcome is caregiver anxiety at 20 weeks postradiation treatment. Other caregiver outcomes include depression, health-related quality of life [HRQOL], and fatigue. Patient outcomes (HRQOL and interrupted treatment course) and healthcare utilization outcomes (unplanned hospital admission, emergency room visits, and use of intravenous fluids) will be measured. The analysis will consist of linear mixed model repeated measures, mediation and moderation tests, and Poisson regression methods. Clinical trial information: NCT04055948 .
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Lorenzini, Marie-Céline, and Walter Wittich. "Measuring changes in device use of a head-mounted low vision aid after personalised telerehabilitation: protocol for a feasibility study." BMJ Open 9, no. 9 (September 2019): e030149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030149.
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IntroductionA recent trend in low vision (LV) has been towards the use of portable head-mounted displays (HMDs) to enhance residual vision. The decision process around the (non-)use of such devices have been identified as multifactorial. Among important barriers identified in the context of magnifying LV aids were transportation issues and insufficient training. In recent years, telerehabilitation has become of growing interest in healthcare because it allows individuals to remain at home while receiving rehabilitation services. A recent pilot study indicated encouraging outcomes; however, very few applications of telerehabilitation for LV have been tested systematically.Methods and analysisTo help guide evidence-based practice recommendations for this modality, we will carry out a feasibility study to assess the recruitment, retention, accessibility and acceptability of an eventual fully randomised trial of telerehabilitation for people with LV using HMDs. We will recruit 60 participants aged 18+ years among prospective eSight Eyewear owners, randomised 1:1 into two parallel groups. The active intervention will be the telerehabilitation operated by a LV therapist; the control arm will be the current self-training standard provided by the device vendor. The primary feasibility outcome measures will be: time to recruit participants, loss to follow-up, accessibility and acceptability of the telerehabilitation (satisfaction of the users and LV therapist). Exploratory outcomes will be the impact of telerehabilitation on eSight Eyewear use behaviour (discontinuance rate), and validated measures of assistive-technology-related quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of theCentre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation de Montréal métropolitain(CRIR# 1286–1217). Dissemination is planned via local, national and international healthcare conferences and peer-reviewed journal publications.
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Funk, Marjorie, Halley Ruppel, Nancy Blake, and JoAnne Phillips. "Research: Use of Monitor Watchers in Hospitals: Characteristics, Training, and Practices." Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 50, no. 6 (November 1, 2016): 428–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2345/0899-8205-50.6.428.
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Abstract Monitor watchers, or personnel whose job it is to watch the central cardiac monitor and alert clinicians of patient events, are used in many hospitals. Monitor watchers may be used to improve timely response to alarms and combat the effects of alarm fatigue. However, little research has been done on the use of monitor watchers, and their practices have not been well described. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to examine the use of monitor watchers and their characteristics, training, and practices. Participants were recruited to complete an online survey on monitor watcher practice via two professional nursing organizations. A total of 413 responded to the survey, including 411 nurses and two non-nurse professionals, and 61% reported that their hospital used monitor watchers. Of these, 60% indicated that their hospitals have been using monitor watchers for more than 10 years, and 62% said that the monitor watchers were located remotely from the patient care unit. Many (68%) reported that monitor watchers worked 12-hour shifts, and a majority said that monitor watchers were required to have a certificate in electrocardiographic monitoring (67%) and be high school graduates (64%). Most (70%) respondents reported that monitor watchers alerted the nurse of an event via a mobile phone carried by the nurse. The results of this survey revealed that monitor watcher practices varied widely. Further research is needed to determine if the use of monitor watchers has an impact on patient outcomes.
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Saleh, Khadije K., and Sofi G. Julien. "Protein Supplement Perceptions, Use, and Associated Performance in Young Lebanese Resistance-Training Athletes." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2022 (February 18, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4150620.
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The aims of this study were first to evaluate the nutritional knowledge, perception, and source of nutrition information among resistance-trained individuals consuming protein supplements (PS), to determine whether a correlation exists between nutrition-related knowledge and the use of PS, and finally to compare the impact of PS use among participants classified as nonprotein supplement users (NPSUs) and protein supplement users (PSUs). A cross-sectional study was conducted among a highly selected group of resistance-specialized trainees (RSTs). Among the 100 RST participants recruited, the Internet and coaches were the most common source of nutritional information. About one-third of participants believed that there were no health risks after consuming PS. Both NPSU and PSU exhibit performance improvement that was significantly lessened in PSU compared to NPSU. This study demonstrated that RST may have misconceptions regarding the benefits of PS usage to increase strength. Our data also suggest a shortage of knowledge about PS and confirm that PSUs lack proper professional guidance. These findings highlight the need for proper monitoring to ensure adequate perception, awareness, and safety in the Lebanese sports sector.
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McGee-Vincent, Pearl, Margaret-Anne Mackintosh, Andrea L. Jamison, Katherine Juhasz, Colleen Becket-Davenport, Jeane Bosch, Timothy J. Avery, Lauren Glamb, and Shilpa Hampole. "Training Staff Across the Veterans Affairs Health Care System to Use Mobile Mental Health Apps: A National Quality Improvement Project." JMIR Mental Health 10 (January 12, 2023): e41773. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/41773.
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Background The National Center for PTSD, within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), has developed a suite of free, publicly available, evidence-informed apps that can reach an increasing number of veterans and bridge gaps in care by providing resources to those who are not engaged in mental health treatment. To expand the reach of these apps, staff across VA service lines learned about these apps, their features and limitations, and how to introduce them to veterans. Objective This study aimed to develop, disseminate, and evaluate a training for multidisciplinary staff as part of a national quality improvement project to increase the reach of mobile mental health apps as a resource for veterans. Methods Sites from all of VA’s 18 geographic regions enrolled in this project. At each site, a minimum of 25 VA staff members who had direct contact with veterans, including staff from the mental health service line and all other service lines, were recruited to participate. Training included a 3-hour multidisciplinary core module, and a 1-hour clinical integration module designed specifically for mental health clinicians. Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, the trainings were adapted to a live, web-based format. Pre- and posttraining surveys assessed program reach (ie, participants enrolled per site), satisfaction, and effectiveness of the training as measured by changes in knowledge, basic skills, and behavioral intentions to use apps with veterans. Results A total of 1110 participants representing 34 disciplines at 19 VA sites completed the training. Overall, 67% (743/1109) of participants were mental health staff members. Sites averaged 58.4 participants (SD 36.49, median [IQR] 51). Most (961/1024, 93.85%) participants were satisfied with the training and reported that they (941/1018, 92.44%) would recommend it to others. App knowledge scores significantly increased from pretraining (mean 80.8% correct, SD 15.77%) to posttraining (mean 91.1% correct, SD 9.57%; P<.001). At posttraining, participants also reported greater confidence in their ability to show veterans how to download (z=−13.86; P<.001) and use VA mental health apps (z=−15.13; P<.001). There was near universal endorsement by staff for their intentions to recommend apps to veterans as well as their ability to think of at least one specific veteran to whom they could recommend an app. Staff also reported a strong motivation to encourage other VA staff to share apps with veterans. Conclusions The training far exceeded the initial goals for staff recruitment and training for all three metrics. Overall, 33% (366/1109) of participants came from service lines outside of mental health, indicating the feasibility of introducing these mental health resources during medical appointments and in other contexts.
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Baker, Marissa G., Christopher D. Simpson, Yvonne S. Lin, Laura M. Shireman, and Noah Seixas. "The Use of Metabolomics to Identify Biological Signatures of Manganese Exposure." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 61, no. 4 (January 18, 2017): 406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxw032.
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Abstract Objectives Manganese (Mn) is a known neurotoxicant, and given its health effects and ubiquitous nature in metal-working settings, identification of a valid and reproducible biomarker of Mn exposure is of interest. Here, global metabolomics is utilized to determine metabolites that differ between groups defined by Mn exposure status, with the goal being to help inform a potential metabolite biomarker of Mn exposure. Methods Mn exposed subjects were recruited from a Mn steel foundry and Mn unexposed subjects were recruited from crane operators at a metal recycling facility. Over the course of a work day, each subject wore a personal inhalable dust sampler (IOM), and provided an end of shift urine sample that underwent global metabolomics profiling. Both exposed and unexposed subjects were divided into a training set and demographically similar validation set. Using a two-sided adjusted t-test, relative abundances of all metabolites found were compared between Mn exposed and unexposed training sets, and those with a false discovery rates (FDR) <0.1 were further tested in the validation sets. Results Fifteen ions were found to be significantly different (FDR < 0.1) between the exposed and unexposed training sets, and nine of these ions remained significantly different between the exposed and unexposed validation set as well. When further dividing exposure status into ‘lower exposure’ and ‘higher exposure’, several of these nine ions exhibited an apparent exposure–response relationship. Conclusions This is the first time that metabolomics has been used to distinguish between Mn exposure status in an occupational cohort, though additional work should be done to replicate these findings with a larger cohort. With metabolite identification by name, empirical formula, or pathway, a better understanding of the relationship between Mn exposure and neurotoxic effects could be elucidated, and a potential metabolite biomarker of Mn exposure could be determined.
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Malchow, B. "The Impact of Endurance Training on Brain Structure and Function in Multi-episode Schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.200.
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Structural and functional brain alterations as well as cognitive deficits are well-documented findings in schizophrenia patients. Cognitive impairments affect the long-term outcome of schizophrenia and are the main contributors to disability. Despite their clinical impact, however, no effective options are available to treat them sufficiently. Aerobic endurance training has been shown to have effects on brain plasticity, gray and white matter volume as well as functional connectivity measures and on cognitive functioning in animal models and healthy humans. However, effects of physical exercise in combination in combination with cognitive remediation are unknown in Schizophrenia. 21 chronic schizophrenia patients and 21 age and gender–matched healthy controls underwent 3 months of aerobic exercise (endurance training, 30 min, 3 times per week). 21 additionally recruited schizophrenia patients played table soccer (known as “foosball” in the USA) over the same period. After 6 weeks of endurance training or table soccer, all participants commenced standardized cognitive training with a computer-assisted training program. We could show that a 3-month endurance-training program combined with CR therapy had positive effects on everyday functioning in multi-episode Schizophrenia patients. Deficits improved from medium to mild as assessed with the GAF. Negative symptoms, short and long-term verbal memory and cognitive flexibility also improved with training. We could demonstrate grey matter volume increase in the left temporal lobe in schizophrenia patients undergoing endurance training. A non-endurance and coordinative training stimulus like playing table soccer led to a clearly distinct pattern of grey matter alterations in Schizophrenia patients.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
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Loe, Henrik, Mats Peder Mosti, Ulrik Wisløff, Carolin Haberstroh, and Grete Flemmen. "Cardiopulmonary and muscular effects of different doses of high-intensity physical training in substance use disorder patients: study protocol for a block allocated controlled endurance and strength training trial in an inpatient setting." BMJ Open 12, no. 9 (September 2022): e061014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061014.
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IntroductionPatients with substance use disorder (SUD) have high prevalence of lifestyle-related comorbidities. Physical exercise is known to yield substantial prophylactic impact on disease and premature mortality, and there seems to be an inverse association between physical fitness and adverse health outcomes. High-intensity training is regarded as most effective for improving physical fitness, but less is known concerning the ideal training dose necessary to achieve clinically relevant effects in these patients. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of low-dose and high-dose, high-intensity training, on physical fitness in patients diagnosed with SUD.Methods and analysisThis study will recruit 40 in-patients of mixed genders, aged 18–70 years. Participants will be block allocated to low-dose or high-dose training, encompassing 24 high-intensity interval and maximal strength training sessions (3/week × 8 weeks). After a 10 min warm-up, the low-dose group will perform 1×4 min intervals at ⁓90% of maximal heart rate and 2×4 repetitions strength training at ⁓90% of 1 repetition maximum. The high-dose group will perform 4×4 min intervals at ⁓90% of maximal heart rate and 4×4 repetitions strength training at ⁓90% of 1 repetition maximum. Clinical measurements and physical tests will be conducted at baseline, midway and on completion and a questionnaire on physical activity will be administered at baseline.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol is in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials statement. All participants will sign a written informed consent. The Regional Committee of Medical Research Ethics, Norway has approved the study. A study of this kind is warranted, and the results will be published in an open access journal to ensure public access, and presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04065334.
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Hordyńska, Małgorzata. "Use of coaching to improve the skills of young engineers and improve the company’s image." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 17, no. 4 (December 2, 2016): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/18998658.1232688.
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Professional group, which is most difficult in our country to recruit are besides manual workers – engineers. The organization of vocational training during higher education does not guarantee future engineers proper practical preparation. When graduating from universities they are trained only in theory for future responsibilities. There are opportunities to use the experience of 50+ occupational group for the implementation of future engineers to work providing opportunities for development as well as ensuring the improvement of wages of employees in retirement age. An additional benefit is the improvement of company’s image. The article presents the statistics of the conditions on the labor market and the ability to complete the project which is to create a dual study program for first degree full-time students of the Silesian University of Technology with the use of practical knowledge of 50+ workers as internal coaches (trainers) in companies interested in acquiring and developing talents.
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Kuncoro Putri, Amelia Widya Octa, and Pujo Widodo Suhirwan. "The Use of Social Media to Spread IED’s and its Potential Terrorism Threat in Indonesia." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, no. 07 (2022): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.6732.
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The ease of access to social media makes it easier for people to receive information about radicalism, bomb-making and violence. Radicalism is the embryo of terrorism. In Indonesia, most radical acts of terrorism are generally carried out by bombing including suicide bombings. Through social media, radical groups recruit and also study the manufacture of Improvised Explosive Device (IED) bombs. This study aims to examine the misuse of social media in radicalization using IED and formulate efforts to deny it. In this paper the method used is a qualitative method with literature study techniques. Qualitative methods are used to be able to describe the research topic in a more explorative. In this study it will explain about the internet as a base for the spread of terrorism, terrorism and the act of blasting or bombing and the process of making IEDs on the internet channel. The results of this study show that social media is abused by radical groups in carrying out their mission. The purpose of radical groups in the action of radicalism on social media includes propaganda purposes to increase the existence of the group and understand radicalism, recruit members and run training and teach ways of violence including the manufacture of IEDs. In an effort to counteract the impact of the threat of radicalism through social media, several efforts can be made, among others, deradicalization, cyber patrol to block access to social media content that contains elements of radicalism, provide literacy to the public about safe social media and be wiser in receiving radicalism information.
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Ferreira, Sandro S., Kleverton Krinski, Ragami C. Alves, Mariana L. Benites, Paulo E. Redkva, Hassan M. Elsangedy, Cosme F. Buzzachera, Tácito P. Souza-Junior, and Sergio G. da Silva. "The Use of Session RPE to Monitor the Intensity of Weight Training in Older Women: Acute Responses to Eccentric, Concentric, and Dynamic Exercises." Journal of Aging Research 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/749317.
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The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is ability to detect and interpret organic sensations while performing exercises. This method has been used to measure the level of effort that is felt during weight-training at a given intensity. The purpose of this investigation was to compare session RPE values with those of traditional RPE measurements for different weight-training muscle actions, performed together or separately. Fourteen women with no former weight-training experience were recruited for the investigation. All participants completed five sessions of exercise: familiarization, maximum force, concentric-only (CONC-only), eccentric-only (ECC-only), and dynamic (DYN = CONC + ECC). The traditional RPE method was measured after each series of exercises, and the session RPE was measured 30 min after the end of the training session. The statistical analyses used were the pairedt-test, one-way analysis of variance, and repeated measures analysis of variance. Significant differences between traditional RPE and session RPE for DYN, CONC, and ECC exercises were not found. This investigation demonstrated that session RPE is similar to traditional RPE in terms of weight-training involving concentric, eccentric, or dynamic muscle exercises, and that it can be used to prescribe and monitor weight-training sessions in older subjects.
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Ulendeeva, Nataliya Ivanovna, and Igor Vadimovich Popov. "Training organization on vocational educational programs with the use of a network form by departmental educational organizations of the penitentiary system." Samara Journal of Science 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021104311.
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The paper analyzes organizational aspects of higher, further and vocational training implementation using a network form of interaction. The authors have revealed conditions for professional training of employees who were first hired based on the results of questionnaires of employees working at educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service, as well as interviews of employees working at professional and service training departments of the territorial bodies of the penitentiary service system. The analysis of the identified problems showed that at the current stage of network interaction there are two groups of problems: the first group (organizational problems) is the inclusion in the resources of the participating organization of the personnel potential of those responsible for training employees of penitentiary service institutions; the second group (methodical) is the effective use of methods and technologies for organizing synchronous and asynchronous training of young employees who are in the field of prospective professional activity. In the process of summarizing ways to solve the identified problems, the authors have formulated optimal techniques for conducting professional training of employees recruited into the penitentiary system using an online form of educational process; common approaches to organizing work on the use of various forms of students educational activities, current norms for calculating teachers work during lectures and seminars, during current, intermediate and final control, and when they develop educational materials.
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Sambi, MD, Rimi, Heather Sawula, MD, Brent Wolfrom, MD, and Joseph Newbigging, MD. "Pilot Project: Does formal bedside training of medical students with a FAST exam increase their knowledge and comfort level with ultrasound use in a community family medicine practice setting?" POCUS Journal 2, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/pocus.v2i2.13279.
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As point of care ultrasound (PoCUS) becomes increasingly popular and a standard of care in many clinical settings, the interest for integration in medical undergraduate curriculum is also growing [1]. This project aims to assess whether formal bedside Focused Abdominal Scan for Trauma (FAST) exam training of medical students increases their knowledge and comfort with the use of bedside ultrasound in a family medicine setting at Queen’s University. Third year medical students (n=18) were recruited to participate in a training session involving a 1-hour online video and 2-hour hands-on session. Knowledge based surveys were completed before and after the training. A survey was completed 4 months after the teaching session evaluating knowledge retention, comfort, and application of skills. Student knowledge of PoCUS and FAST increased and was maintained (pre-training 56%±20%, post-training 82%±10%, p<0.001). Self-evaluation of comfort performing a FAST examination (5-point Likert scale) similarly increased post-training session (pre-training 1.4±0.8, post-training 3.8±0.9, p<0.005), but decreased 4 months later (3±1.2, p<0.005). Students in this study were unanimously interested in ultrasound training and the methods used effectively increased theoretical knowledge and comfort with use. Students did not retain their comfort levels with FAST exam 4 months after the training session, nor did they have the opportunity to utilize the skills learned. Further evidence is required to identify the applicability of these results to undergraduate curriculum development.
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Yang, Jie, Mingchuan Yu, Jintong Tang, and Jieqiong Ma. "Cognitive cultural intelligence and entrepreneurial alertness: evidence from highly educated, employed immigrants in the USA." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 29, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 427–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-03-2021-0048.
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Purpose There is a dearth of research on how immigrants' cognitive attributes influence their willingness to be self-employed. To offset this paucity, the current study draws on the insights of social cognitive theory (SCT) to examine the immigrants' entrepreneurial alertness.Design/methodology/approach The authors hired Qualtrics to recruit educated, working immigrants in the USA and tested the hypotheses using a sample of 555 highly educated, employed immigrants from 92 home countries.Findings This study finds that immigrants' cognitive cultural intelligence (CQ) contributes to entrepreneurial alertness in a positive way. In addition, immigrants' perceived environmental differences and global identity positively moderate the relationship between cognitive CQ and entrepreneurial alertness.Originality/value This research provides a clear picture of how cognitive CQ impacts immigrants' entrepreneurial alertness; thus, the findings of this study offer ample implications for policymakers. By applying SCT, the current study extended research on immigrants' entrepreneurial alertness by shifting the focus from their individual (e.g. demographic background) or family characteristics to their cognitive attributes. This study suggests that policymakers and entrepreneurship education programs in the U.S.A. should consider offering various types of cultural training programs.
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Walles, Silvester, Emmanuel Z. Chona, Menti L. Ndile, and Fatina B. Ramadhani. "Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Health Care Providers towards Disaster and Emergency Preparedness in Mtwara, Tanzania." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 6, no. 3 (November 30, 2023): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v6i3.4.
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BackgroundOver the past decade, the magnitude and intensity of reported natural and human-made disasters have been rising globally with substantial mortality and long-term morbidity. ObjectivesTo assess the health care providers´ knowledge, attitude and practices towards disaster and emergency preparedness at Ligula Regional Referral Hospital in Mtwara, Tanzania.MethodsA descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 health care providers; and a stratified sampling technique was employed to recruit the participants. Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 25.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA) to determine the association between independent and dependent variables. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results More than half 50 (53.2%) and more than three-quarters 75 (79.8%) of the participants had adequate knowledge and positive attitude towards disaster and emergency preparedness respectively. Younger participants aged 20–29 years had 5.252 (95% CI 1.313–21.016) times higher odds of having adequate knowledge of disaster and emergency preparedness than the older groups. ConclusionsMore disaster and emergency preparedness training programs and clinical simulations are needed to enhance the competencies of health care providers in handling disastrous events efficiently.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2023;6(3):303-314
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Yang, Cheng-Chia, Cheng-Lun Li, Te-Feng Yeh, and Yu-Chia Chang. "Assessing Older Adults’ Intentions to Use a Smartphone: Using the Meta–Unified Theory of the Acceptance and Use of Technology." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (April 28, 2022): 5403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095403.
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Barriers to smartphone use often exist among older adults, and increasing smartphone use is beneficial to increasing older adults’ quality of life. Studies of older adults’ smartphone use intentions have mostly adopted the technology acceptance model or unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). However, these models have their limitations. A meta-UTAUT has been developed, but it has not been extensively verified with older adults. This study used the meta-UTAUT model to explore the influences on older adults’ smartphone use intentions and behaviors. A total of 311 adults aged 60 to 75 years who had minimal experience with smartphones were recruited. They participated in a 16 h smartphone training and then completed a questionnaire. The results demonstrated that the meta-UTAUT model can predict older adults’ smartphone use intentions and behaviors. Performance expectancy (PE) and social influence significantly influenced behavioral intention (BI) and attitude toward using smartphones (AT). PE was the strongest factor influencing BI. AT also affected BI. Although facilitating conditions did not significantly affect BI, they had a high influence on AT. To increase smartphone use among older adults, training can be implemented to teach smartphone skills and emphasize the benefits of using smartphones.
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Valle, Matthew, Martha C. Andrews, and K. Michele Kacmar. "Situational antecedents to organizational identification and the role of supervisor support." Organization Management Journal 17, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/omj-02-2020-0874.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of procedural justice, training opportunities and innovation on job satisfaction and affiliation commitment via the mediating effect of organizational identification. The authors also explored the moderating role of satisfaction with supervisor on the relationship between the antecedents and organizational identification as well as its moderating effect on the mediational chain. Design/methodology/approach The authors used structural equation modeling techniques, using MPLUS 7.4, to analyze data collected from 247 full-time employees who were recruited by undergraduate students attending a private university in the Southeast region of the USA. Findings Results demonstrated that the indirect effects for procedural justice and training opportunities as predictors were significant, while none of the paths for innovation as a predictor were significant. Satisfaction with supervisor moderated the relationships between procedural justice and organizational identification and innovation and organizational identification. Originality/value This research expands the nomological network concerning antecedents and consequences of organizational identification. It also explores the role of satisfaction with one’s supervisor, as this can affect identification with the organization. This research provides support for the notion that stronger employee–organization relationships lead to positive individual and organizational outcomes.
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Marete, Grace, Laetitia Kanja, James Mbaria, Mitchel Okumu, Penina Ateku, Hannu Korhonen, and Vesa Joutsjoki. "Effects of the Use of Good Agricultural Practices on Aflatoxin Levels in Maize Grown in Nandi County, Kenya." Sci 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sci1010028.
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Aflatoxin contaminated maize is of public health concern in Kenya. Training farmers on good agricultural practice (GAP) has been touted as a mitigative measure. Little is known of the effect of such training on aflatoxin levels in maize grown in Kenya. This study evaluated what effect training farmers on GAP has on aflatoxin levels in maize grown in Kaptumo, Kilibwoni, and Kipkaren divisions in Nandi County, Kenya. Ninety farmers were recruited into farmer field schools and a questionnaire on GAP administered to each farmer. Maize samples were collected from the farmers and analyzed for aflatoxins using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). All farmers weeded their farms before planting, prepared the land, correctly spaced the seedlings, sorted the maize after shelling, cleaned stores before use and knew that aflatoxins were harmful to humans and animals. Eighty-one farmers did early planting, 88/90 did stooking after harvesting, 89/90 applied fertilizer, 89/90 cleared bushes around the stores, 87/90 used wooden pallets to store maize, 89/90 dried maize after harvesting, 83/90 did crop rotation, and 89/90 used clean transport. Moreover, 62/90 had a relative who had died from liver cancer, 13/90 had fed damaged/rotten seeds to animals, and 45/90 had stored harvested seeds on the ground. The mean aflatoxin levels in season 1 were significantly different from season 2 (1.918 ± 1.065; 1.301 ± 1.501). Our findings suggest that some aspects of the training on GAP were better received than others. Training farmers on GAP results in a decrease in aflatoxin levels in maize grown in Nandi County. Farmers in other maize growing areas of Kenya may benefit from similar training on GAP.
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Jacobs, Karen, and Kathryn Runge. "Middle School Students' Notebook Computer Use." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 16 (October 2007): 972–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705101602.
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This pilot study investigated how middle school students use notebook computers in their daily activities, their knowledge and beliefs about ergonomics, the prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal discomfort in notebook computer use and if the use of peripherals, a participatory ergonomics approach or goal setting is effective in promoting “healthy computing” and reducing self-reported computer-related musculoskeletal discomfort. One hundred and twenty four students were recruited from three middle schools in Maine to participate in the study for three months. Pilot results suggest that over 26% of the students self-report musculoskeletal discomfort with notebook computer use. Students who self-reported general discomfort typed significantly faster as compared to students who typed at a slower average weekly rate. Participatory ergonomics training that involved the participants in planning, developing, and implementing ergonomic solutions to notebook computer workstations and the use of peripherals, i.e., keyboard and mouse significantly improved students' “healthy computing” as compared to the control group.
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Korobeynikova, E. R., and E. Yu Shkatova. "The treatment of helicobacter pylori-associated erosive lesions of gastroduodenal zone with the use of interactive learning technologies and rebamipide in young men." Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, no. 9 (March 24, 2020): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-169-9-27-31.
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Purpose of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness of interactive teaching technologies and rebamipids in the complex therapy of erosive lesions of the gastroduodenal zone in young men.Material and research methods. Two groups of patients were examined. The observation group included 36 recruits with HP-associated gastritis with erosion (HSE) and duodenitis with erosion (DSE). Comprehensive treatment was used as a treatment: standard first-line triple therapy with the inclusion of rebamipide 100 mg 3 times a day for 14 days and interactive therapeutic training. The comparison group consisted of 18 patients with HP-associated GSE and DsE who received standard triple eradication therapy also for 14 days. The average age of the examined patients in the observation group was 21.0 ± 0.7 years, the comparison group was 20.1 ± 0.7 years.Results. The inclusion of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and duodenitis with erosion of rebamipide and interactive learning technologies into the treatment regimen resulted in more effective relief of pain syndrome and dyspeptic manifestations in conscripts, restoration of mucus-forming and acid-producing functions of the stomach; to lower blood cortisol levels; reduce the degree of morphological activity of inflammation. There is a more effective eradication of Helicobacter pylori (91.7%) and epithelization of erosion (97.2%) in comparison with the standard scheme (88.9% and 94.4%, respectively). The use of interactive teaching technologies allowed to increase the level of medical activity and hygienic literacy (96.0% of recruits changed their diet, the nature of nutrition — 88.0%). The level of psycho-emotional status significantly improved after the treatment.Conclusion Combined therapy using rebamipide and interactive therapeutic training is effective in erosive lesions of the gastroduodenal zone in young men and increases patient adherence to treatment and leads to stabilization of psycho- emotional status.
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Kim, Kwnagback, and Jihye Jeon. "A Study on the Status and Experience of Low-Floor Bus Use of Persons with Wheelchair Disabilities: Focusing on Incheon Metropolitan City." Korea Academy of Case Management 15, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 259–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.38019/kacm.15.1.259.
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This study aims to provide policy implications based on the actual usage of low-floor buses operating in Incheon Metropolitan City and the experiences of people with disabilities who use them. For the purpose of this study, a combination of quantitative research using frequency analysis based on monitoring sites and qualitative research revealing the experiences of the researcher was conducted. For this purpose, four people with severe disabilities who use wheelchairs were recruited, and the objectivity of the research was ensured through training for the recruited people with disabilities. The results of the study were derived through frequency analysis and thematic analysis of the surveyed sites, and the results were as follows: first, 80.4% of the low-floor buses were accessible, but 19.6% were not. Second, 77.5% of the bus stops were accessible. Third, 24.5% of the platform lifts (ramps) were not operational for low-floor buses. Fourth, regarding the friendliness of low-floor bus drivers, 28.2% were found to be unfriendly. Fifth, the survey revealed various inconveniences related to the place of alighting. The results of this study led to policy recommendations on the need to eradicate discrimination, introduce universal design for low-floor buses, distribute low-floor bus manuals and driver training, and expand the number of low-floor buses in order to improve the mobility rights of people with disabilities using wheelchairs.
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Chen, Yu-Ping, Lin-Ju Kang, Tien-Yow Chuang, Ji-Liang Doong, Shwn-Jan Lee, Mei-Wun Tsai, Suh-Fang Jeng, and Wen-Hsu Sung. "Use of Virtual Reality to Improve Upper-Extremity Control in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Single-Subject Design." Physical Therapy 87, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 1441–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20060062.
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Background and Purpose Virtual reality (VR) creates an exercise environment in which the intensity of practice and positive feedback can be systematically manipulated in various contexts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the training effects of a VR intervention on reaching behaviors in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Participants Four children with spastic CP were recruited. Method A single-subject design (A-B with follow-up) was used. All children were evaluated with 3 baseline, 4 intervention, and 2 follow-up measures. A 4-week individualized VR training program (2 hours per week) with 2 VR systems was applied to all children. The outcome measures included 4 kinematic parameters (movement time, path length, peak velocity, and number of movement units) for mail-delivery activities in 3 directions (neutral, outward, and inward) and the Fine Motor Domain of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales–Second Edition (PDMS-2). Visual inspection and the 2-standard-deviation–band method were used to compare the outcome measures. Results Three children who had normal cognition showed improvements in some aspects of reaching kinematics, and 2 children’s change scores on the PDMS-2 reached the minimal detectable change during the intervention. The improvements in kinematics were partially maintained during follow-up. Discussion and Conclusion A 4-week individualized VR training program appeared to improve the quality of reaching in children with CP, especially in children with normal cognition and good cooperation. The training effects were retained in some children after the intervention.
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Arvinen-Barrow, Monna, Damien Clement, Jennifer J. Hamson-Utley, Rebecca A. Zakrajsek, Sae-Mi Lee, Cindra Kamphoff, Taru Lintunen, Brian Hemmings, and Scott B. Martin. "Athletes’ Use of Mental Skills During Sport Injury Rehabilitation." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 24, no. 2 (May 2015): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2013-0148.
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Context:Existing theoretical frameworks and empirical research support the applicability and usefulness of integrating mental skills throughout sport injury rehabilitation.Objective:To determine what, if any, mental skills athletes use during injury rehabilitation, and by who these skills were taught. Cross-cultural differences were also examined.Design:Cross-sectional design.Setting:College athletes from 5 universities in the United States and a mixture of collegiate, professional, and recreational club athletes from the United Kingdom and Finland were recruited for this study.Participants:A total of 1283 athletes from the United States, United Kingdom, and Finland, who participated in diverse sports at varying competitive levels took part in this study.Main Outcome Measures:As part of a larger study on athletes’ expectations of injury rehabilitation, participants were asked a series of open-ended and closed-ended questions concerning their use of mental skills during injury rehabilitation.Results:Over half (64.0%) of the sample reported previous experience with athletic training, while 27.0% indicated that they used mental skills during injury rehabilitation. The top 3 mental skills reported were goal setting, positive self-talk/positive thoughts, and imagery. Of those athletes that used mental skills, 71.6% indicated that they felt mental skills helped them to rehabilitate faster. A greater proportion of athletes from the United States (33.4%) reported that they used mental skills during rehabilitation compared with athletes from the United Kingdom (23.4%) and Finland (20.3%). A small portion (27.6%) of the participants indicated that their sports medicine professional had taught them how to use mental skills; only 3% were taught mental skills by a sport psychologist.Conclusions:The low number of athletes who reported using mental skills during rehabilitation is discouraging, but not surprising given research findings that mental skills are underutilized by injured athletes in the 3 countries examined. More effort should be focused on educating and training athletes, coaches, and sports medicine professionals on the effectiveness of mental training in the injury rehabilitation context.
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Barfield, Jeff, and Gretchen Oliver. "Tuck Jump Assessment as an Indicator for Upper Extremity Injury." Sports Medicine International Open 02, no. 04 (July 2018): E113—E116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0655-7345.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine if tuck jumps can be used as a dynamic movement assessment to ascertain a previous history of upper extremity injury in an overhead throwing sport. Seventy-one youth baseball and softball athletes (28 baseball/43 softball; 12.41±2.22 yrs.; 161.98±13.65 cm; 59.17 ± 14.90 kg) were recruited to participate and were placed in either the previous injury (N=18) or no previous injury (N=53) groups. Kinematic data were collected from jumps 4 through 8 during a trial of 10 tuck jumps performed at 100 Hz using an electromagnetic tracking system (trakSTARTM, Ascension Technologies, Inc., Burlington, VT, USA) synced with the MotionMonitor® (Innovative Sports Training, Chicago, IL, USA). A logistic regression showed no significance in trunk flexion or upper leg elevation in the ability to determine upper extremity injury (χ 2 (1, N=71)=3.55, p=0.315). In conclusion, examining only trunk flexion and upper leg elevation during the tuck jump assessment (TJA) is not enough for clinicians to recognize previous upper extremity injury. Even though the body behaves as a kinetic chain, simplifying the dynamic movement assessment while not specifying the type of upper extremity injury is not favorable for the clinician to identify previous injury.
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Payne, Rupert A., Peter S. Blair, Barbara Caddick, Carolyn A. Chew-Graham, Tobias Dreischulte, Lorna J. Duncan, Bruce Guthrie, et al. "Improving Medicines use in People with Polypharmacy in Primary Care (IMPPP): Protocol for a multicentre cluster randomised trial comparing a complex intervention for medication optimization against usual care." NIHR Open Research 2 (November 8, 2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/nihropenres.13285.1.
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Introduction: Polypharmacy is increasingly common, and associated with undesirable consequences. Polypharmacy management necessitates balancing therapeutic benefits and risks, and varying clinical and patient priorities. Current guidance for managing polypharmacy is not supported by high quality evidence. The aim of the Improving Medicines use in People with Polypharmacy in Primary Care (IMPPP) trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to optimise medication use for patients with polypharmacy in a general practice setting. Methods: This trial will use a multicentre, open-label, cluster-randomised controlled approach, with two parallel groups. Practices will be randomised to a complex intervention comprising structured medication review (including interprofessional GP/pharmacist treatment planning and patient-facing review) supported by performance feedback, financial incentivisation, clinician training and clinical informatics (intervention), or usual care (control). Patients with polypharmacy and triggering potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) indicators will be recruited in each practice using a computerised search of health records. 37 practices will recruit 50 patients, and review them over a 26-week intervention delivery period. The primary outcome is the mean number of PIP indicators triggered per patient at 26 weeks follow-up, determined objectively from coded GP electronic health records. Secondary outcomes will include patient reported outcome measures, and health and care service use. The main intention-to-treat analysis will use linear mixed effects regression to compare number of PIP indicators triggered at 26 weeks post-review between groups, adjusted for baseline (pre-randomisation) values. A nested process evaluation will explore implementation of the intervention in primary care. Ethics and dissemination: The protocol and associated study materials have been approved by the Wales REC 6, NHS Research Ethics Committee (REC reference 19/WA/0090), host institution and Health Research Authority. Research outputs will be published in peer-reviewed journals and relevant conferences, and additionally disseminated to patients and the public, clinicians, commissioners and policy makers. ISRCTN Registration: 90146150 (28/03/2019)
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Uhl, Jean Francois, Albert Sufianov, Camillo Ruiz, Yuri Iakimov, Huerta Jose Mogorron, Manuel Encarnacion Ramirez, Guillermo Prat, et al. "The Use of 3D Printed Models for Surgical Simulation of Cranioplasty in Craniosynostosis as Training and Education." Brain Sciences 13, no. 6 (June 1, 2023): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13060894.
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Background: The advance in imaging techniques is useful for 3D models and printing leading to a real revolution in many surgical specialties, in particular, neurosurgery. Methods: We report on a clinical study on the use of 3D printed models to perform cranioplasty in patients with craniosynostosis. The participants were recruited from various medical institutions and were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 5) received traditional surgical education (including cadaveric specimens) but without using 3D printed models, while Group B (n = 5) received training using 3D printed models. Results: Group B surgeons had the opportunity to plan different techniques and to simulate the cranioplasty. Group B surgeons reported that models provided a realistic and controlled environment for practicing surgical techniques, allowed for repetitive practice, and helped in visualizing the anatomy and pathology of craniosynostosis. Conclusion: 3D printed models can provide a realistic and controlled environment for neurosurgeons to develop their surgical skills in a safe and efficient manner. The ability to practice on 3D printed models before performing the actual surgery on patients may potentially improve the surgeons’ confidence and competence in performing complex craniosynostosis surgeries.
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Walker, Catherine, Brenda J. Brouwer, and Elsie G. Culham. "Use of Visual Feedback in Retraining Balance Following Acute Stroke." Physical Therapy 80, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 886–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/80.9.886.
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Abstract Background and Purpose. Visual feedback related to weight distribution and center-of-pressure positioning has been shown to be effective in increasing stance symmetry following stroke, although it is not clear whether functional balance ability also improves. This study compared the relative effectiveness of visual feedback training of center-of-gravity (CoG) positioning with conventional physical therapy following acute stroke. Subjects. Forty-six people who had strokes within 80 days before the study, resulting in unilateral hemiparesis, and who were in need of balance retraining participated. Methods and Materials. Initially, subjects were randomly assigned to visual feedback or conventional physical therapy groups for balance retraining until 16 subjects per group were recruited. The next 14 subjects were assigned to a control group. All subjects received physical therapy and occupational therapy (regular therapy) 2 hours a day, and subjects in the 2 experimental groups received additional balance training 30 minutes a day until discharge. The visual feedback group received information about their CoG position as they shifted their weight during various activities. The conventional therapy group received verbal and tactile cues to encourage symmetrical stance and weight shifting. Static (postural sway) and activity-based measures of balance (Berg Balance Scale, gait speed, and the Timed “Up & Go” Test) were contrasted across the 3 groups at baseline, at discharge, and at 1 month following discharge using an analysis of variance for repeated measures. Results. All groups demonstrated marked improvement over time for all measures of balance ability, with the greatest improvements occurring in the period from baseline to discharge. No between-group differences were detected in any of the outcome measures. Conclusion and Discussion. Visual feedback or conventional balance training in addition to regular therapy affords no added benefit when offered in the early stages of rehabilitation following stroke.
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Tan, Marcia M., Shariwa Oke, Daryn Ellison, Clarissa Huard, and Anna Veluz-Wilkins. "Addressing Tobacco Use in Underserved Communities Outside of Primary Care: The Need to Tailor Tobacco Cessation Training for Community Health Workers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 8 (April 19, 2023): 5574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20085574.
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Individuals from communities with a low socioeconomic status have the highest rates of tobacco use but are less likely to receive assistance with quitting. Community health workers (CHWs) are well-positioned to engage these communities; however, CHWs face barriers in receiving relevant tobacco cessation training. The objective of this study was to conduct a mixed methods needs assessment to describe tobacco practices and the desire for training among CHWs. After incorporating CHW feedback, we developed a needs assessment survey to understand knowledge, practices, and attitudes about tobacco cessation in Chicago, IL. CHWs (N = 23) recruited from local community-based organizations completed the survey online or in-person. We then conducted a focus group with CHWs (N = 6) to expand upon the survey and used the Framework Method to analyze the qualitative data. CHWs reported that their clients had low incomes, low literacy levels, and high smoking rates (e.g., “99%” of patients). About 73.3% reported discussing tobacco use during visits, but fewer reported that they had provided cessation advice (43%) or intervened directly (9%). CHWs described high variability in their work environments (e.g., location, duration, content of visits, etc.) and greater continuity of care. CHWs discussed that existing training on how to conduct tobacco interventions is ineffective, because of its stand-alone design. Our findings illustrate how CHWs adapt to their clients’ needs, and that the currently available “gold-standard” cessation curricula are incompatible with the training needs and flexible care delivery model of CHWs. A curriculum tailored to the CHW experience is needed to maximize the strengths of the CHW care model by training CHWs to adaptively intervene regarding tobacco use in their highly burdened patients.
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Obure, Renice, Hamisu M. Salihu, Anjali Aggarwal, Acara E. Turner, Estrellita Berry, Deborah A. Austin, Usman J. Wudil, Muktar H. Aliyu, and Ronee E. Wilson. "Evaluation of an Evidence-based and Community-responsive Fatherhood Training Program: Providers’ Perspective." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.297.
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Background And Objectives: Studies on male involvement and pregnancy outcomes have often not incorporated the providers’ perspectives, which are potentially critical to understanding program context, evolution, perceived impact, and sustainability. We sought to evaluate the 24/7 Dad® program from the viewpoint of the program providers.
Methods: We conducted purposive sampling of 24/7 Dad program facilitators and administrators who were involved in recruitment, training, and follow up of program participants within a federal Healthy Start program (REACHUP) in Tampa, Florida, USA. Using a snowballing approach, we recruited six key informants who had administered the program for at least four years. We elicited and evaluated factors impacting the performance of the father involvement program using content analysis.
Results: Under program participation and perceived impact, most providers thought that the program had created a safe space previously unavailable for men in the community. The most useful recruitment strategy was building partnerships with other organizations. The key informants noted an important evolutionary trend in the father involvement program over time as well as the nature of linkages to partner organizations within the area. Threats to program sustainability included the continued reluctance and scepticism to invest funds to address male issues, sub-optimal retention of participants who were living transient lives as well as geo graph ical/transportation barriers.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The involvement of fathers during pregnancy has significant implications for healthy babies. Our study results provide a clarion call to augment capacity and infuse more resources to improve paternal involvement in order to attain the United Nations Sustainable Goal (2015-2030) of ensuring healthy lives and the promotion of well-being for all at all ages.
Key words: • Fatherhood involvement • Fatherhood training • REACHUP • Childhood development • 24/7 Dad program
Copyright © 2020 Obure et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Desroches, Sophie, Annie Lapointe, Isabelle Galibois, Sarah-Maude Deschênes, and Marie-Pierre Gagnon. "Psychosocial Factors and Intention to Use the Nutrition Care Process Among Dietitians and Dietetic Interns." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 75, no. 1 (March 2014): e335-e341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/75.1.2014.e335.
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Purpose The theory of planned behaviour was used to explore the factors (i.e., attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) affecting the intention of dietetic internship educators, new dietetic graduates, and dietetic interns to use the nutrition care process (NCP) in their clinical practice. Methods Participants (n=55) were recruited from the Bachelor of Science in Nutrition program at Université Laval. They completed an online quantitative questionnaire assessing their intention to use the NCP in their clinical practice, as well as associated psychosocial factors. Open-ended questions were also used to gain a further understanding of the salient beliefs underlying participants’ intention to use the NCP. Results Intention to use the NCP in practice and associated psychosocial factors were similar and favourable within the three participant groups. Subjective norm and perceived behavioural control were the psychosocial factors that significantly predicted an intention to use the NCP. The most cited perceived barrier to use of the NCP was a lack of knowledge, while the most cited facilitator was training opportunities. Conclusions Our results indicate that successful implementation of the NCP will likely require the development of theoretical and practical training activities for both pre-licensure students and experienced dietitians.
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Cheng, Linlin, Miaoling Luo, Jie Ge, Yu Fu, Quan Gan, and Zhuangfei Chen. "Effects of brief mindfulness training on smoking cue-reactivity in tobacco use disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 22, 2024): e0299797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299797.
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Background The prevalence of Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) represents a significant and pressing global public health concern, with far-reaching and deleterious consequences for individuals, communities, and healthcare systems. The craving caused by smoking cue is an important trigger for relapse, fundamentally hindering the cessation of cigarette smoking. Mindfulness interventions focusing on cue-reactivity was effective for the treatment of related dependence. Brief mindfulness training (BMT) meets the short-term needs for intervention but the effects still need to be examined. The objective of the present study is to investigate the impact of BMT intervention on smoking cue-reactivity among Chinese college students with TUD, to uncover the dynamic models of brain function involved in this process. Method A randomized control trial (RCT) based on electroencephalography (EEG) was designed. We aim to recruit 90 participants and randomly assign to the BMT and control group (CON) with 1:1 ratio. A brief mindfulness training will be administered to experimental group. After the intervention, data collection will be conducted in the follow-up stage with 5 timepoints of assessments. EEG data will be recorded during the smoking cue-reactivity task and ‘STOP’ brief mindfulness task. The primary outcomes include subjective reports of smoking craving, changes in EEG indicators, and mindfulness measures. The secondary outcomes will be daily smoking behaviours, affect and impulsivity, as well as indicators reflecting correlation between mindfulness and smoking cue-reactivity. To evaluate the impact of mindfulness training, a series of linear mixed-effects models will be employed. Specifically, within-group effects will be examined by analysing the longitudinal data. Additionally, the effect size for all statistical measurements will be reported, offering a comprehensive view of the observed effects. Discussion The current study aims to assess the impact of brief mindfulness-based intervention on smoking cue-reactivity in TUD. It also expected to enhance our understanding of the underlying processes involved in brain function and explore potential EEG biomarkers at multiple time points. Trial registration Trial registration number: ChiCTR2300069363, registered on 14 March 2023. Protocol Version 1.0., 10 April 2023.
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Basnet, Nabin Bahadur, Jeena Shrestha, Sangita Raj Ghatani, Subhadra Regmi, Shrijana Bhandari, and Rishi Kumar Kafle. "Vascular Access Use Among Hemodialysis Patients and Competency of Nurses at National Kidney Centre, Nepal." Nepalese Medical Journal 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v3i2.34111.
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Introduction: Vascular access are a prerequisite for hemodialysis and good care by nurses is key to their longevity. A pattern of vascular access use has not been assessed previously nor the competency of nurses to identify the gaps in knowledge and skills. This study aims to describe vascular access use and nursing competency at National Kidney Centre. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to obtain demographic information and history of vascular access of patients. Vascular access was examined. Demographic and professional information of nurses were collected. A quiz based on KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and a visual analogue scale to indicate confidence in managing vascular access were administered to the nurses. Results: Four-hundred seventy-two patients and 70 nurses were recruited. The proportion of patients with an arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous graft, tunneled catheter, and non-tunneled catheter at the time of initiation of hemodialysis were 24.36%, 0.64%, 1.27%, and 73.73%, respectively, and after conversion was 67.23%, 5.08%, 1.98%, and 19.77%, respectively. The cost at initiation was lower for catheters and the arteriovenous access in long run. Nurses had received vascular access training during their hemodialysis course (95.71%), but a few received further training (38.57%). They did well in sections related to preparation for permanent access and treatment of complications. Conclusions: Most of the patients initiated hemodialysis via a non-tunneled catheter. The prevalence of arteriovenous fistula was high. Continued training of nurses was lacking. Nurses were confident in managing arteriovenous fistula and non-tunneled catheters.