Journal articles: 'Usage studies'

1

Wootton, Jacqueline C. "Studies of Alternative Medicine Usage: Abstracts." Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 1, no. 3 (June 1995): 315–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.1995.1.315.

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Wootton, Jacqueline C. "Studies of Alternative Medicine Usage: Abstracts." Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 1, no. 4 (December 1995): 407–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.1995.1.407.

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Ghosh, T. C., S. K. Gupta, and S. Majumdar. "Studies on codon usage in Entamoeba histolytica." International Journal for Parasitology 30, no. 6 (May 2000): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7519(00)00042-4.

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Yakıncı, Zehra Deniz, Perihan Gürbüz, and Gülsüm Yetiş. "Internet Usage Habits and Internet Usage in Educational Studies of Vocational School Students." Journal of Computer and Education Research 6, no. 11 (April 30, 2018): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18009/jcer.330925.

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Trifa, Claudia. "Uncommon Usage." Wasafiri 38, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690055.2023.2133848.

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McEnery, Tony, Vaclav Brezina, and Helen Baker. "Usage Fluctuation Analysis." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 24, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 413–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.18096.mce.

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Abstract This article introduces a methodology for the diachronic analysis of large historical corpora, Usage Fluctuation Analysis (UFA). UFA looks at the fluctuation of the usage of a word as observed through collocation. It presupposes neither a commitment to a specific semantic theory, nor that the results will focus solely on semantics. We focus, rather, upon a word’s usage. UFA considers large amounts of evidence about usage, through time, as made available by historical corpora, displaying fluctuation in word usage in the form of a graph. The paper provides guidelines for the interpretation of UFA graphs and provides three short case studies applying the technique to (i) the analysis of the word its and (ii) two words related to social actors, whore and harlot. These case studies relate UFA to prior, labour intensive, corpus and historical analyses. They also highlight the novel observations that the technique affords.

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Gambarotto, Laurent. "Quel usage assigner à l’histoire ?" Études théologiques et religieuses 69, no. 2 (1994): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ether.1994.3312.

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McKay, Scott, and Serge Fournier. "DEWATERING ENERGY USAGE: A REVIEW OF COMPARATIVE STUDIES." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2002, no. 3 (January 1, 2002): 354–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864702785302582.

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Wolfram, Dietmar, Bernard Jim Jansen., Soo Young Rieh, Amanda Spink, and Peiling Wang. "Internet usage transaction log studies: The next generation." Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 42, no. 1 (October 18, 2006): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450420146.

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Ebner, Carmen. "Great Britain and the United States: Two nations divided by an attitude?" English Today 34, no. 4 (September 17, 2018): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078418000329.

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Having studied attitudes towards usage problems such as the notorious split infinitive or the ubiquitous literally in British English as part of my doctoral thesis, I was intrigued by the sheer lack of scientific studies investigating such attitudes. What was even more intriguing was to discover that the same field and the same usage problems seem to have received a different treatment in the United States of America. While my search for previously conducted usage attitude studies in Great Britain has largely remained fruitless, besides two notable exceptions which I will discuss in detail below (see Section 3), a similar search for American usage attitude studies resulted in a different picture. Considerably more such studies seem to have been conducted in the US than in Great Britain. On top of cultural and linguistic differences between these two nations, it seems as if they also hold different attitudes towards studying attitudes towards usage problems. Now the following question arises: why do we find such contradictory scientific traditions in these two countries? In this paper, I will provide an overview of a selection of American and British usage attitude studies. Taking into account differences between the American and British studies with regard to the number of usage problems studied, the populations surveyed and the methods applied, I will attempt to capture manifestations of two seemingly diverging attitudes towards the study of usage problems. By doing so, I will provide a possible explanation for the lack of attention being paid to usage attitudes in Great Britain.

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Vinokurova, N. I. "Epic studies." Eposovedenie, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25587/2782-4861-2023-3-56-69.

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The goal of this article is to consider special properties which characterize the usage of partitive case in simple (non-possessive) declension in the language of the Yakut folk heroic epos olonkho. The relevance of this research is supported by the less studied status of partitive case as one of the most infrequent ones compared to other cases in the Yakut language as well as by the lack of theoretical research devoted to the usage of partitive case in the epic texts of olonkho. The following methods were used: descriptive, comparative, structural-semantic as well as the method of continuous sampling. Leipzig glossing rules were used in the article. The collected material contains examples from the following olonkho: “Nurgun the Strong” (“Nyurgun Bege”), “Ker Buuraj bogatyr” (“Kör Buuraj bukhatyyr”), “Tough Warrior woman” (“Kyydaannaakh Kyys Bukhatyyr”), “Ala-Bulkun”, “Kyys Debiliye”, “Olonkhos of Moma” (“Muoma olonkholoro”), “Myuljyu the Strong with unstumbling joints” (“Byudyuryujbet syukһyekhteekh Myulgyu Bege”), “Hero Eles with a bear-black horse” (“Eһe Khara attaakh Eles Bootur”), “Nyurgun Bootur the Swift” (“Julurujar Nyurgun Bootur”), “Lord Jagaryma” (“Tojon Jagaryma”), “Kyun Erili”, “Obstinate Kulun Kullustuur” (“Kuruubaj khaannaakh Kulun Kullustuur”), “Kyun Tegierime”, “Great Daaryn bogatyr” (“Uluu Daaryn bukhatyyr”), “Warrior woman Jyrybyna Jyrylyatta” (“Jyrybyna Jyrylyatta kyys bukhatyyr)”. Partitive case is considered to be one of the lesser used cases, due to the presence of a number of restrictions on its occurrence. If these conditions are met, then the usage of partitive case becomes possible, but not obligatory, since accusative or ablative cases might be used just as well. With the help of the data gathered using the method of continuous sampling from fifteen specimens of olonkho, it is demonstrated that nouns in the simple (non-possessive) form of the partitive case can act as a direct object with a variety of verbal forms. It has been shown that partitive case occurs in both paradigms of the imperative mood in all person-number combinations except third person. It is also employed with various voice and aspectual forms of the verbs, with the imperative particle kulu and with the emphatic-diminutive imperative. The results of the study reveal the hidden potential and the possibilities for more extensive usage of partitive case.

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Yumnam, Ishowriya. "Geotechnical Applications of Sewage Sludge Stabilized with Biomass Ash and its Effect on Soil Nutriential Properties: A Critical Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 15, 2021): 1046–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35149.

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In this review article the usage of waste sewage sludge and the biomass ash for improving the engineering and non-engineering properties’ of both concrete and soil are discussed in detail. Numerous past research works were studied in detail so as to predict the behavior of biomass ash and waste sewage sludge when used for the stabilization process of soil and concrete. Past studies related to the usage of stabilized sewage sludge and biomass ash were studied in a detailed manner and depending upon the past studies several conclusions has been drawn which are discussed further. Several studies related to the usage of the waste sewage sludge for improving soil physical, chemical and biological properties showed that the usage of waste sewage sludge improve the physical properties, chemical properties, macro-nutriential properties and micro-nutriential properties up to a great extent. Depending upon the results of the past studies it can be concluded that the usage of sewage sludge has positive impact over all the properties of soil and this waste should be utilized in improving the properties of soil rather than dumping. Numerous studies related to the usage of the biomass ash showed that biomass ash has positive impact over both soil as well as concrete. Studies related to the usage of the biomass ash in soil showed that there was a positive response of the stabilized soil after its stabilization with the biomass ash. Studies related to the usage of the biomass ash in concrete showed that the biomass ash can be used up to 10 percent replacement of the ordinary Portland cement so as to attain maximum strength results from it.

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Sharma, Divesh. "Strength Assesment of Asphaltic Concrete using Bitumen, Natural Fibre and Stone Dust: A Critical Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 3044–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35097.

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In this review article, the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and the sisal fiber for improving the strength parameters of concrete is discussed in detail. Numerous research studies related to the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and stone dust are studied in detail to determine the results and outcome out of it. Previous research works showed that all, these materials were enhancing the strength and durability aspects of the concrete and depending upon the research studies certain outcomes has been drawn which are as follows. The studies related to the usage of the bitumen or asphalt in concrete so as to produce bituminous concrete or asphaltic concrete, the previous research works conclude that the maximum strength was attained at 5 percent usage of the bitumen and after further usage the general compressive strength of the concrete starts declining. The previous studies related to the usage of the sisal fiber showed that with the usage of the sisal fiber in the concrete, the strength aspects of concrete were improving and the maximum strength was obtained at 1.5 percent usage of the sisal fiber and after his the strength starts declining. Further the studies related to the usage of the stone dust showed that with the usage of stone dust as partial replacement of the natural fine aggregate the compressive strength of the concrete was improving and it was conclude that with the increase in the percentage of the stone dust, the compressive strength of the concrete was increasing.

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Callahan, Clark, Scott Haden Church, Jesse King, and Maureen Elinzano. "Snapchat Usage Among Minority Populations." Journal of Media and Religion 18, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15348423.2019.1639404.

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15

BADAWI, ELSAID. "Arabic–English Dictionary of Qur'anic Usage." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 4, no. 2 (October 2002): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2002.4.2.113.

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Bühler, Pierre. "Pour un usage évangélique du rite." Études théologiques et religieuses 61, no. 2 (1986): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ether.1986.2878.

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Mir, Khalid Bashir. "Effect of Polypropylene Fiber, GGBS and Fly Ash over the Strength Aspects of Concrete: A Critical Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 14, 2021): 978–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35098.

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In this review study the usage of three different kinds of constructional materials was discussed in detail. The three materials comprised of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, fly and polypropylene fiber. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag is basically the slag derived after the quenching process of iron slag produced during the processing of iron in iron industry. Fly ash is the waste generated from the coal processing industries and is mainly used in the road constructions works. Polypropylene fiber is a synthetic fiber that has very high tensile strength and flexural strength. This fiber is also known as synthetic fiber as it is mainly used in the synthetic industry. Depending upon the results of previous studies over the usage of these materials various conclusions has been drawn which are as follows. The results of studies related to the usage of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as partial replacement of cement concluded that the most optimum usage percentage of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as partial replacement of cement was found to be between 20 percent and 30 percent and beyond this limit the strength of concrete was decreasing. The past studies related to the usage of fly ash as partial replacement of cement shoed that the most optimum usage percentage of fly ash was found to be between 15 percent to 20 percent and beyond this percentage the strength parameters of concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength starts declining up to a greater extent. The studies related to the usage of polypropylene fiber showed that the usage of this fiber increases the compressive strength of soil and the most optimum results were found between 1.0 percent to 1.5 percent usages of polypropylene fiber. Above this percentage there will be negative effect on the strength aspects and the compressive strength starts declining.

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Bickel, Horst. "The Hierarchic Dementia Scale: Usage." International Psychogeriatrics 8, no. 2 (June 1996): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610296002591.

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The reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of the Hierarchic Dementia Scale (HDS) were tested in two cross-sectional studies and one longitudinal study. Results prove the HDS to be a simple-to-conduct method, economical in terms of time, and possessing high reliability and high concurrent and criterion-related validity. The HDS appears capable of use at all stages of dementia and capable of permitting studies of the course well into the advanced stages of the illness.

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Chakraborty, Satarupa. "Strength Assessment of Concrete using Rice Husk Ash, Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber and Recycled Concrete Aggregate: A Critical Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 14, 2021): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35048.

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In this review study, the effect of three different materials such as rice husk ash, recycled concrete aggregate and Polyvinyl Alcohol fibre was reviewed in detail. Several past studies related to these material usage in strength enhancement of concrete was studied in detail. Rice husk ash is the ash which is mainly derived after burning the waste derived from the rice industry after the processing of rice. Recycled concrete aggregate is mainly the aggregate derived from the constructional waste. Polyvinyl Alcohol fibre is a special type of high strength fibre that is mainly used to improve the flexural strength and internal bonding of the concrete. Numerous studies were discussed in detail and depending upon the studies certain conclusion are drawn which are discussed further. Several studies related to the usage of rice husk ash conclude that the most optimum usage percentage of rice husk ash as partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement was at 10 percent usage. After 10 percent usage strength tends to decline. Results related o usage as partial replacement of natural fine aggregate that is sand showed that it can be used as partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate up to 20 percent and beyond that usage the strength was declining. The studies related to the usage of recycled concrete aggregate conclude that the most optimum percentage of usage of recycled concrete aggregate as partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate was 50 percent replacement and beyond this percentage the strength starts declining so therefore should not be used beyond that limit. Studies related to the usage of Polyvinyl Alcohol fibre revealed that the most optimum percentage of Polyvinyl Alcohol fibre was 1.5 percent and beyond this percentage both the compressive strength of concrete and flexural strength of concrete was declining. Test results concluded that Polyvinyl Alcohol fibre should be used up to 1.5 percent only.

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PASİN, Özge İN, and Handan ANKARALI. "Usage of Cluster Algorithms in Health Studies: An Application." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences 36, no. 1 (2016): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/medsci.2015-48928.

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Ozcanli, Mustafa, Oguz Bas, Mustafa Atakan Akar, Safak Yildizhan, and Hasan Serin. "Recent studies on hydrogen usage in Wankel SI engine." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43, no. 38 (September 2018): 18037–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.01.202.

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Mude, Girish, and Swapnil Undale. "Social Media Usage." International Journal of E-Business Research 19, no. 1 (February 10, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijebr.317889.

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Social media is an important part of young generations' digital lives and has become much more than a social connection tool. This research offers comprehensions into usage of social media among Gen Y and Gen Z and investigates the usage of social media's features such as socialization, information, entertainment, education, and shopping. Various previous studies are available which attempted to investigate the usage of social media by Gen Z and Gen Y independently. This study is the first that attempted to compare the usage between Gen Z and Gen Y. This is an empirical study comprising 293 respondents from Gen Y and Gen Z, who were selected purposively. The findings suggest that Gen Z use social media more than Gen Y for education, entertainment, shopping, and socialization whereas social media usage of both the generations for information seeking are equal. This study offers recommendations for companies from India to consider incorporating social media marketing actions to encourage their brands and products to specific age groups.

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Mathieu, Marie, Vanina Mozziconacci, Lucile Ruault, and Armelle Weil. "Pour un usage fort des épistémologies féministes." Nouvelles Questions Féministes 39, no. 1 (2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/nqf.391.0006.

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HOLSTEIN, JAMES A. "STUDYING “FAMILY USAGE”:." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 17, no. 3 (October 1988): 261–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124188017003002.

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Choonharuangdej, Suree. "The Usage of Causatives in Classical Chinese: A Review." MANUSYA 11, no. 1 (2008): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01101001.

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Many scholars have looked into relevant problems concerning the usage of causatives in their studies of Classical Chinese grammar. They find that, unlike the derivational system found in most Indo-European languages, the system of word-derivation in Classical Chinese (causative usage included) reveals that certain grammatical and semantic contrasts are regularly associated with tonal contrasts. In spite of such findings, we still consider it rather difficult to separate those derivational causative verbs from the general causative usage to which the syntactic structure is ascribed, not to mention the even harder task of distinguishing the causative usage from the putative one given their similar surface structure.2 Thus, beside the review and summary of causative usages in previous works, this paper re-analyzes certain problematic cases of causatives using different linguistic factors (i.e., phonological, morphological, and syntactical) together with relevant context clues. Although we have yet to come up with a satisfactory explanation concerning the distinction between causative and putative usages, we maintain that the contrast between realis and irrealis can be employed as a means to clarify those subtle differences in the putative usage.

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Hong, Seungkweon, Dongyool Kim, Kathryn Kritkausky, and Raheel Rashid. "Effects of Imitative Behavior on Seat Belt Usage: Three Field Observational Studies." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 15 (October 1998): 1093–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804201508.

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Three field observational studies were conducted to examine the influence of a front seat car passenger (model) seat belt usage/non-usage on driver seat belt usage. In addition, the effects of driving location (study 1 and 2), time of day (study 1), day of week (study 2) and gender (study 3) were also examined. The results showed an overall seat belt use rate of about 70%, typical for New York State. All three studies showed that driver seat belt usage was significantly related to the front seat passenger seat belt rate. When the front-seat passenger wore the seat belt, 77% (79.4%-study 2, 87.1%-study 3) of the drivers wore the seat belt; when the front seat passenger did not wear the seat belt, only 44% (49.0%-study 2, 38.4%-study 3) of the drivers wore the seat belt. Results failed to show any significant effects of time of the day or day of week, but showed the expected significant effect of driving location (study 2). No overall main effect of gender on modeling was obtained, though interesting specific results were obtained. These studies extend earlier experimental work on the effects of modeling on seat belt usage, and confirm that car occupant seat belt behavior significantly impacts the other occupant's seat belt usage.

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Lakshmi, V. Venkata Sai, and N. Thirupathi Rao. "Green Cloud Computing: Some Studies on Energy Usage Reduction Methods." International Journal of Smart Home 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/ijsh.2018.12.2.02.

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Mason, Ian. "Translator behaviour and language usage: some constraints on contrastive studies." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 14, no. 26 (February 27, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v14i26.25639.

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This article concerns the phenomenon of junction, a cohesive device for signalling inter-clausal or inter-sentential relations, and its translation. The predominant finding of recent French-English contrastive studies on the topic of junction has been that, whereas there is a trend to junction-less juxtaposition in French, explicit co-ordination is preferred in English. Doubts concerning the universal validity of such a norm constitute the motivation for this study, which aims to consider:(1) the status of translator behaviour as evidence of norms of language behaviour;(2) the status of contrastive linguistics within translation studies.Examples of translations of writings by Albert Camus are then discussed in an attempt to show that translators’ decisions are sensitive to a number of contextual factors including genre, discourse and text type. My conclusions lead me to suggest some limitations on the use of quantitative studies within translation studies, including those based on analysis of machine-readable corpora.

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Perriere, G. "Use and misuse of correspondence analysis in codon usage studies." Nucleic Acids Research 30, no. 20 (October 15, 2002): 4548–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkf565.

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Heydarnoori, Abbas, Krzysztof Czarnecki, Walter Binder, and Thiago Tonelli Bartolomei. "Two Studies of Framework-Usage Templates Extracted from Dynamic Traces." IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 38, no. 6 (November 2012): 1464–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tse.2011.77.

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Upadhyaya, Ranjan, and M. Upadhyaya. "Usage and magnetization of cloud computing in higher studies: Rajasthan." Journal of Process Management. New Technologies 1, no. 3 (2013): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jpmnt1303036u.

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Jain, Mukul R., Chhavi Jain, and R. C. Jain. "Studies on usage of acrylamide copolymers for textile effluent treatment." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 129, no. 5 (January 30, 2013): 2536–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.38966.

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Andersen, Gisle. "Contrastive Corpus Studies of Pragmatic Markers." Contrastive Pragmatics 4, no. 2 (June 20, 2023): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26660393-bja10090.

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Abstract The articles in this special issue account for the use of pragmatic markers in a variety of languages by taking a contrastive approach and applying corpus methodology. This introduction article describes these notions and the way they are manifested in each contribution. The studies contribute to the fledging field of contrastive pragmatics, which encompasses investigations of pragmatic phenomena by comparing usage across or within languages. Contrastive studies aim to uncover differences and similarities observable in language use along different dimensions, most notably across languages or varieties of the same language, or across structurally or conceptually different usage domains (or combinations of these). The studies of pragmatic markers explore how contextual factors have a bearing upon language use and variation across the domains that are compared.

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Díaz-Arias, Rafael. "Video in Cyberspace: Usage and Language." Comunicar 17, no. 33 (October 1, 2009): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c33-2009-02-006.

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Video is growing faster than any other content in cyberspace. Video clips jumping between screens represent a narrative return to the origins of cinema. In cyberspace, videos can be cybermovies, cybertelevision, television on demand and cybervideo. The social uses of video in cyberspace overlap with information in a process of horizontal communication of immense potential, but with the risk of fragmenting the public sphere. Video is a factor of globalization and a vector of infotainment that colonizes both the media and cyberspace. Hypermedia language fragments the expressive elements of classical audiovisual language. It is necessary to explore new ways of interactive audiovisual language and investigate how video links the media to cyberspace in a new audiovisual ecosystem.El vídeo es el contenido de más rápido crecimiento en el ciberespacio. Los vídeoclips que saltan entre las pantallas suponen un regreso narrativo a los orígenes del cine. En el ciberespacio se dan modalidades audiovisuales características: cibercine, cibertelevisión, televisión a la carta y cibervídeo. Los usos sociales del vídeo en el ciberespacio se solapan con los informativos en un proceso de comunicación horizontal, de enorme potencial, pero que presenta riesgos de fragmentación de la esfera pública. El vídeo es factor de globalización y vector del info-entretenimiento que coloniza tanto el espacio mediático como el ciberespacio. En el lenguaje hipermedia los elementos expresivos del lenguaje audiovisual clásico se fragmentan. Es necesario explorar nuevos modos interactivos de lenguaje audiovisual e investigar cómo el vídeo vincula el espacio mediático y el ciberespacio en un nuevo ecosistema audiovisual.

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Lee, Chan, Im-hak Cho, Gi-yoon Heo, Hee-kyung Kang, Min-hwa Kim, Chang-woo Han, So-yeon Kim, et al. "Analysis of the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Used in Clinical Studies Based on Randomized Controlled Studies." Journal of Internal Korean Medicine 42, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 510–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22246/jikm.2021.42.4.510.

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review the status of numeric rating scale (NRS) usage and suggest the potential for use in multicenter retrospective studies of various diseases.Methods: Articles published from 2011 to 2021 that used the keywords “NRS", “Multi-center", and “RCT" were identified in foreign databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, CENTRAL. The articles were analyzed according to their use of "NRS" by symptoms and by disease group using the major classifications of the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases (KCD-7).Results: Classification by symptom in a total of 288 articles illustrates that the NRS was not only commonly used in pain evaluation but also for non-pain symptoms. In usage with non-pain symptoms, chief complaint of patients was the most common at 79%, and other factors included treatment satisfaction, evaluation of daily life, and sleep quality. In disease classification according to the KCD-7, the NRS was commonly used in connection with musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases but was also utilized in various other disease groups.Conclusions: This study confirms usage of the NRS in multi-center RCTs, as the NRS was widely used in all types of diseases and symptoms. Considering the result and the advantages of the NRS, it is recommended for use as a daily evaluation tool for the collection of common data in multicenter retrospective studies.

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Ahmed, W., S. Gupta, I. Mukherjee, V. K. Babu, and R. Singh. "Comparative studies of codon usage profile of Anisakis simplex (Nematoda) and Carassius gibelio (Prussian carp)." Journal of Environmental Biology 43, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/43/1/mrn-1845.

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Aim: The aim of the present study was to understand the molecular relationship between nematode (parasite) and fish (host) through codon usage bias (CUB) analysis. Methodology: The Codon usage bias analysis has been performed in fish Carassius gibelio (Prussian carp) and nematode fish parasite Anisakis simplex. The complete coding sequences (CDS) of C. gibelio (Prussian carp) and A. simplex (Nematode) were retrieved from National Center for Biotechnology Information and followed to that we have performed bioinformatics analysis to understand the codon usage pattern between host and parasite. Results: Different CUB indices like Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), Effective number of codons (ENC), Codon adaptation index (CAI) and Codon bias index (CBI) revealed a similar pattern in the codon usage in C. gibelio and A. simplex. In addition, inclusive analysis using different plots (ENC, parity, neutrality) had shown the influence of both the evolutionary forces i.e mutational and translational selection on codon usage pattern. This describes the role of evolutionary forces in determining the conserved genome to establish species-specific function-level differences for efficient survival. Interpretation: The present study elucidated the association between Carassiusgibelio (host) and Anisakis simplex (parasite) based on the similar pattern of codon usage bias between both the species.

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Bar Shalom, Yehuda. "The Usage of Vipassana as a Psychosocial Tool." International Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Society 8, no. 3 (2018): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2154-8633/cgp/v08i03/35-41.

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Ozturk, Ahmet Erdi. "Religious Soft Power: Definition(s), Limits and Usage." Religions 14, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14020135.

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Dinwiddy, Hugh. "Biblical Usage and Abusage in Kenyan Writing." Journal of Religion in Africa 19, no. 1 (February 1989): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1581181.

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Dinwiddy, Hugh. "Biblical Usage and Abusage in Kenyan Writing." Journal of Religion in Africa 19, no. 1 (1989): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006689x00044.

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Upadhyay, Parijat, and Meenakshi Khemka. "Linkage between social identity creation and social networking site usage: the moderating role of usage intensity." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 33, no. 6 (June 20, 2020): 1321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-01-2019-0021.

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PurposeInteraction and communication through social networking sites (SNSs) has witnessed exponential growth every year. The rising popularity of this platform has made researchers take a deeper look at this phenomenon and try and study it in a structured fashion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of SNS usage intensity on the relationship between social capital and social identity. There are very few published literature studies available and none in the context of a developing economy, which is undergoing enormous digital transformation. While studies like this have been done in abundance in the Western world, it is still a new approach in this part of the world. Even though the variables that are being studied have been adapted from the work done earlier by other researchers, the application and interpretation are very different, primarily because of the context.Design/methodology/approachA primary online survey was conducted to collect data for this study. A majority of 258 respondents were in the age group of 20–40 years. Most of them had an undergraduate and/or a postgraduate degree and spent an average of 70% of their weekly time on social media. The sample size was balanced in terms of gender (male/female) as well. To validate the research model and test the hypotheses of the study, through two analysis phases including measurement model and structural model, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), correlations and hierarchical multiple regression were deployed. The CFA was applied to assess the validity of the four factors under study.FindingsFactors that were studied in this article were checked for content validity and reliability. Cronbach's alpha values were <1.0 indicating the reliability of the factors taken for the study. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that with the increase in bridging and SNS usage intensity, social identity also increases at a high level of bridging. Similar results were observed when regression was conducted for bonding and SNS usage intensity. Thus, the hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that SNS usage intensity positively moderated the effects of social capital on social identity. Hence, the two hypotheses were supported.Originality/valueThe results of this study are significant for business organizations and society as well. A similar type of study in the context of an economy, which has embarked on the path of digitization as a state-sponsored policy has not been reported.

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Hassan, Tammam. "Some Means of Achieving Creativity in the Language of the Qur'an." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 4, no. 2 (October 2002): 152–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2002.4.2.152.

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Meaning exists on various levels, among them what is based upon knowledge and bound by linguistic and social consensus. Creativity can be achieved by a departure from normal usage through one of the following means: transferring a word into a fresh context, e.g. metaphorical usage; transferring sentence structure into a fresh context, e.g. making an indicative sentence express an imperative; relaxing the rules of meaning – the rules of inflection, morphology, usage of particles, sentence order and structure. The article employs numerous verses of the Qur'an to explain how departure from normal usage achieves excellence in the language and style of the text of the Qur'an.

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Shah, Reena, and Ruchi Tewari. "Mapping Emoji Usage Among Youth." Journal of Creative Communications 16, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973258620982541.

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Emoji is now a popular inclusion in technology-mediated communication and a part of everyday expression of users. Yet, there is a dearth of scientifically designed research studies focussing on the human implications of the use of emojis. Limited systematic inquiry in this area is restricted to technical studies focussing on algorithm analysis of humongous quantitative data ignoring the people who are posting these emojis. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt is made to study the use of emojis from an individual’s behavioural perspective borrowing from the classic ‘contagion theory’ and the ‘information-signal theory’. A mixed research approach was adopted to study young university student’s emoji usage behaviour. Focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted on 11 participants with an average age of 22.5 years. The discussion was transcribed and thematic analysis was then conducted from which a survey instrument was developed which was administered to 250 university students. These survey data were then analysed using exploratory factor analysis. Results show that social media platforms, linguistic pattern, social relationships, emotional connect and level of formality and gender emerged as important factors that drive emoji usage. The findings of the study indicate the psychological implications and socio-behavioural impact of emoji usage which can be used for creating regulations and norms. What appears to be casual pictorial supplement of textual messages holds the power to be developed as a stand-alone language which could impact the usage of language-dependent communication.

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Ono, Hiroshi, and Madeline Zavodny. "Race, Internet Usage, and E-Commerce." Review of Black Political Economy 30, no. 3 (December 2002): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02717319.

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Cristo, Alejandro, David Valencia, Pablo J. Martínez, and Rosa M. Pérez. "DMF Data Format Usage for Change Detection." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/341585.

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Because of the availability of an overwhelming amount of remote sensing data obtained by different instruments, new techniques and applications have been developed in order to pursue the objective of detecting changes that occur in a particular area of the Earth or that affect a large part of the Earth. These studies have used datasets covering different wavelength ranges (visible, IR, radar, and so on), but common to all of them is the necessity for great accuracy to ensure that no bias is introduced due to data correction. Otherwise, a result may be the generation of false positives. Also, many studies have used several different datasets for the same area to detect changes (this is usually called data fusion), but there exists no specific data structure designed for this purpose. In this paper, we propose a data structure to be used for accurate change detection. This structure is transparent to the user and can be used for data fusion to improve those studies.

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Torenvliet, Gerard L., and Kim J. Vicente. "Tool Usage and Ecological Interface Design." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 22 (July 2000): 587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402224.

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Field studies have shown that operators frequently use tools to “finish the design” of the interface, thereby overcoming design deficiencies. As far as we know, however, tool use has never been studied experimentally in the laboratory before in the cognitive engineering literature. In this paper, we describe an exploratory experiment that was conducted to address this issue. Two groups of participants controlled a thermal-hydraulic microworld with an ecological interface that contained physical and functional information in a single, integrated view. After an extended period of practice, each group was transferred to a different interface. One transfer interface contained the same information as the ecological interface, but across four screens that could only be viewed serially rather than in one integrated view. Another interface contained only physical information rather than physical and functional information. The results showed that tool use served four different purposes: to aid learning; to integrate information; to derive information; and to extend interface functionality. The results also provide indirect support for the ecological interface design framework because, in the transfer phase, tool use served to recover useful features that were present in the ecological interface.

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Zeng, Sheng, Zijian Peng, and Lin Wu. "Is There a Role of Religion? The Moderation Role of Religious Identity and Religious Practice between Traditional Media Usage and Moral Evaluation." Religions 12, no. 2 (February 21, 2021): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12020137.

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Although the relationship between traditional media usage and moral evaluation has been studied in China, it is not clear what role religion plays in this relationship. The 2013 Chinese General Social Survey was used to examine the moderation role of religious identity and religious practice in this correlation. The STATA 15.1 and PROCESS macro for SPSS (Model 2) was employed. This research confirms that religion has a moderating role in the correlation between traditional media usage and moral evaluation. Specifically, religious identity, no matter whether it is polytheistic or monotheistic, will strengthen the correlation between traditional media usage and moral evaluation. However, religious practice will weaken the correlation between traditional media usage and moral evaluation, except the religious practice of monotheism in China. Furthermore, our findings prove that religion is an important situational factor in the correlation between traditional media usage and moral evaluation. We should take religious identity and religious practice as independent factors to conduct a richer study in the future. Most importantly, our findings further confirm that the rationalization of society does not necessarily lead to the secularization of religion.

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Morgan, Pamela S. "The Impact of the Acquisition of Electronic Medical Texts on the Usage of Equivalent Print Books in an Academic Medical Library." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 5, no. 3 (September 27, 2010): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b81w4j.

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Objectives – This study examines whether acquiring a text in electronic format effects the usage of the print version of the text, focusing specifically on medical texts. Studies in the literature dealt specifically with general collections and it was not clear if they were applicable to medical collections. It was also not clear if these studies should play a role in determining whether a medical library should purchase electronic texts or whether reserve collections are still needed for print texts. Methods – Four usage studies were conducted using data from the circulation system and the electronic vendor systems. These were 1) trends of print usage; 2) trends of electronic usage; 3) a comparison of electronic usage with print usage of the same title in the reserve collection; 4) a comparison of electronic usage with print usage of the same title in the general collection. Results – In comparison to print, substantial usage is being made of electronic books. Print is maintaining a level pattern of usage while electronic usage is increasing steadily. There was a noticeable difference in the usage levels of the electronic texts as regards to the package in which they are contained. Usage of print texts both on reserve and in the general collection has decreased over time, however the acquisition of the electronic version of a medical title had little impact on the usage of the equivalent print version. Conclusion – There is a demand for medical texts in medical libraries. Electronic versions can replace print versions of texts in reserve. Further investigation is needed of current patterns of print collection usage, with particular emphasis on trends in reserve collection usage.

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Utami, Mulyani, Syamsudduha Syamsudduha, and Mayong Maman. "Language Variations in Siniar (Podcast) Youtube: Sociolinguistic Studies." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Social Sciences Study 3, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrsss.v3i3.293.

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This study aims to describe language variations on YouTube podcasts in terms of speakers and in terms of usage. In this study, there are three YouTube channels that will be investigated, namely the Deddy Corbuzer Podcast channel, Raditya Dika Podcast (PORD) and Akbar Faizal Uncensored. In their podcasts, podcasters often invite speakers from various circles. For example, community leaders, entrepreneurs, homeland celebrities, YouTubers, and government officials. They are invited to be interviewed regarding issues that are developing in the community. Therefore, the podcast videos on the YouTube channel are never separated from several language variations. This research is classified as a descriptive qualitative research with the data obtained by oral data and the data source, namely broadcast broadcasts on the youtube channel. This research will focus on the use of language variations in terms of speakers and in terms of usage used in the podcast. The results of this study indicate the use of language variations which include: (a) Language variations in terms of speakers consisting of; (1) Dialect; (2) Acrolect; (3) Vulgar; (4) Slang; (5) Jargon; (6) Argot; and (7) Colloquial; (b) There are 3 areas of language variation in terms of usage, namely: (1) Business Fields; (2) Education Sector; (3) Political Sector.

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Nodar Sulashvili, Nodar Sulashvili, and Tamar Okropiridze Tamar Okropiridze. "MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH USAGE OF BIOPLAST - DENT IN EXPERIMENT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE MEDICINE & HEALTHCARE 01, no. 01 (April 1, 2022): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55858/ijimh01012022-30.

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The work represents experimental and morphological studies of regeneration of damaged areas of maxillo-facial bones. Time course of healing of induced defects in the low jaw bone filled with bioplast - dent and was studied in experimental rabbits. On days 7, 14, 21 and 28 four rabbits from each group were killed and the defect investigated by X-ray and histological methods. We stained the micropreparations ith hematoxilineeosine. Bioplast - dent granulate exerted the best effect on bone repair. In experiments with bioplast - dent, bone regenerate replaced up to one half of the area of defect by day 28. Keywords: Osteogenesis stimulation, reparative regeneration, morphological, X-ray.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Usage studies'

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