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1
Spirka, Thomas A. "Finite Element Modeling of Stress Urinary Incontinence Mechanics." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1291495865.
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Arce-Arenales, V. "A comparative histochemical study of the bulbo-urethral and urethral glands in five rodent species." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377254.
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De, Wet Matthys Johannes. "Factors predicting the long-term renal function in boys presenting with posterior urethral valves at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa : a ten year study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86726.
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Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine long-term renal function in boys presenting with posterior urethral valves at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital and to determine the prognostic value of certain clinical, biochemical and radiological variables DESIGN Retrospective, descriptive study of boys diagnosed and treated with posterior urethral valves at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital between 2001 and 2011. RESULTS Between 2001 and 2011, 47 cases of posterior urethral valves were diagnosed and treated at our institution. Thirteen patients were excluded from this study. Seven (20,6%) were diagnosed antenatally and 27 (79,4%) presented postnatally. Mean age at presentation was 13,9 months (median 2; range 0-74). The most common postnatal presentation was urinary tract infection (51,9%). Mean follow-up was 54,2 months (median 47,5; range 12-133). A total of 13 boys (38,2%) progressed to chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease. Initial and nadir serum creatinine, poor corticomedullary differentiation and moderate-severe hydronephrosis were significant predictors of final renal function (p<0,050). Patient age at presentation, type of primary surgical intervention, increased renal echogenicity, bladder wall thickness, the presence of vesicoureteric reflux (no matter what the laterality or severity), severe bladder dysfunction and initial or breakthrough urinary tract infection had no significant impact on future renal function. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed that boys with an initial serum creatinine ≥145μmol/L and a nadir serum creatinine ≥62μmol/L were at highest risk to develop chronic renal insufficiency (area under the curve 0,8 and 0,9, respectively). CONCLUSION More than a third of boys (38,2%) developed chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease at the end of follow-up. Our data confirmed the high prognostic value of initial and nadir serum creatinine. Optimal threshold levels for initial and nadir serum creatinine to predict final renal function were 145μmol/L and 62μmol/L, respectively. Similarly, poor corticomedullary differentiation and moderate-severe hydronephrosis on initial kidney ultrasound were significant indicators of poor renal prognosis. Although all patients with posterior urethral valves should be counselled on potential renal morbidity, children with risk factors warrant closer monitoring.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: DOELWITTE Die doel van hierdie studie was om langtermyn nierfunksie te bepaal in seuns wat gediagnoseer is met posterior uretrale kleppe by Tygerberg-kinderhospitaal. Die prognostiese waarde van sekere kliniese, biochemiese en radiologiese veranderlikes is ook ondersoek. STUDIE ONTWERP Retrospektiewe, beskrywende studie van seuns wat tussen 2001 en 2011 by Tygerberg-kinderhospitaal gepresenteer het met posterior uretrale kleppe. RESULTATE Tussen 2001 en 2011 is 47 gevalle van posterior uretrale kleppe gediagnoseer en behandel by ons instelling. Dertien pasiënte is uitgesluit van hierdie studie. Sewe (20,6%) is met voorgeboorte sonar gediagnoseer en 27 (79,4%) het ná geboorte gepresenteer. Die gemiddelde ouderdom by diagnose was 13,9 maande (mediaan 2; reeks 0-74 ). Urienweginfeksie was die mees algemene metode waarmee postnatale pasiënte gepresenteer het (51,9%). Die gemiddelde opvolgperiode was 54,2 maande (mediaan 47,5; reeks 12-133). Dertien seuns (38,2%) het chroniese nierversaking of eind-stadium nierversaking ontwikkel. Aanvanklike en nadir serumkreatinien, swak kortiko-medullêre differensiasie en matig-erge hidronefrose was beduidende voorspellers van finale nierfunksie (p<0,050). Pasiënt ouderdom met diagnose, tipe chirurgiese ingryping, verhoogde niereggogenisiteit, blaaswanddikte, vesikoureteriese refluks, blaasdisfunksie en aanvanklike of deurbraak urienweginfeksies het geen beduidende impak op toekomstige nierfunksie gehad nie. Seuns met 'n aanvanklike serumkreatinien ≥145μmol/L en 'n nadir serumkreatinien ≥62μmol/L het die grootste risiko om chroniese nierversaking te ontwikkel, soos bevestig met ‘n ROC-ontleding (AUC 0,8 en 0,9, onderskeidelik). GEVOLGTREKKING Meer as 'n derde van die pasiënte (38,2%) het chroniese nierversaking of eindstadium nierversaking ontwikkel. Ons data bevestig die prognostiese waarde van aanvanklike en nadir serumkreatinienvlakke. Die optimale drempelwaardes vir die aanvanklike en nadir serumkreatinien om finale nierfunksie te voorspel was 145μmol/L en 62μmol/L, onderskeidelik. Swak kortiko-medullêre differensiasie en matig-erge hidronefrose op die aanvanklike niersonar was ook beduidende aanwysers van toekomstige nierfunksie. Alhoewel alle pasiënte met posterior uretrale kleppe berading moet ontvang oor potensiële niermorbiditeit, regverdig seuns met risikofaktore noukeurige monitering.
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Ho, Kossen M. T. "Structure and innervation of the urethral sphincter." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365803.
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Glavin, S. E. "Mathematical modelling of urethral and similar flows." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1347918/.
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Flows in flexible tubes and vessels have been studied extensively in the past with particular application to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. However there have been few treatments of the lower urinary tract, which consists of the bladder and urethra. This thesis concentrates specifically on the urethra with the aim of giving insight into the evolving flow characteristics within the vessel and mechanical responses of the vessel which give rise to fluid structure interactions. Urethral modelling is an important area of research given the social and economic costs involved in lower urinary tract dysfunction. In the modelling, examination is given to slow and fast opening vessels where certain exact analytical solutions are found along with numerical results. Following this, fast and slow responses of the walls of the vessels are considered, where the response is defined as the relative change in cross-sectional area for relatively varying transmural pressure. These features are important for pathologies that alter the characteristics of the vessel wall such as bladder outlet obstruction. A change in the distensibility along the vessel resulting from pathologies or normal transition through the various sections of the urethra is studied both in terms of developing jump conditions based on a localised Euler region and also over a comparatively short length scale giving rise to the Burgers equation; small amplitude instabilities are studied through the derivation of the KdV equation. Following on from these mostly two-dimensional treatments, three-dimensional systems are then studied. Consideration is given to the secondary flow effects driven by the tortuosity of a vessel in three dimensions. We study cases of three-dimensional constriction, with main interest in the effects of benign prostate hyperplasia or urethral stricture on the flow, where pressure drops are demonstrated. Finally an appendix deals with the effects concerned with a wide population, focusing on an allied problem of consumer choice.
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Cotton, Karen Dawn. "Electrical activity in urethral and bladder myocytes." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361242.
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Hakenberg, Oliver W., H. J. Franke, Michael Fröhner, and Manfred P. Wirth. "The Treatment of Primary Urethral Carcinoma – the Dilemmas of a Rare Condition: Experience with Partial Urethrectomy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-135145.
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Background: Primary urethral carcinoma is a very rare condition, and no large-scale experience with such cases has been published. Treatment will therefore have to follow rules established for the treatment of similar conditions. Patients: Six cases of primary urethral carcinoma (5 male, 1 female) who had been treated at our institution between 1995 and 1999 were retrospectively analyzed. In 3 male cases, a primary urothelial carcinoma of the distal urethra was treated by distal urethrectomy only. In 3 other cases with locally advanced tumors and/or lymph node metastases surgical treatment was followed by adjuvant cisplatinum-containing chemotherapy. Results: In the 3 cases with distal urethral carcinoma, partial urethrectomy with preservation of the penis resulted in cure, with a follow-up of 12–71 months. In the cases with advanced disease, adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery has resulted in complete remissions in all 3 cases, with a follow-up of 4–47 months at present. Conclusions: In localized, noninvasive carcinoma of the distal male urethra, partial urethrectomy seems adequate and the avoidance of penile amputation justified. In advanced cases, after local excision and lymphadenectomy adjuvant chemotherapy which by necessity must follow the guidelines established for the treatment of other urothelial or squamous cell malignancies seems to be beneficialHintergrund: Das primäre Harnröhrenkarzinom ist eine sehr seltene Erkrankung, und in der Literatur gibt es keine prospektiven Serien mit größeren Fallzahlen. Die Behandlung wird sich daher an Erfahrungen orientieren müssen, die bei der Behandlung ähnlicher Krankheitsbilder gewonnen wurden. Patienten: Sechs Fälle von primärem Urethralkarzinom (5 Männer, 1 Frau), die zwischen 1995 und 1999 in unserer Klinik behandelt wurden, wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Bei 3 der männlichen Patienten lag ein primäres Urothelkarzinom der distalen Harnröhre vor, und es wurde eine Urethrateilresektion ohne adjuvante Therapie durchgeführt. In den 3 anderen Fällen mit lokal fortgeschrittenen Tumoren und/oder Lymphknotenbefall wurde nach operativer Behandlung eine adjuvante Cisplatin-haltige Chemotherapie durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: In allen 3 Fällen nach Urethrateilresektion wurde eine komplette Heilung bei einer Nachbeobachtung von 12–71 Monaten erzielt. Bei den fortgeschrittenen Fällen mit lymphogener Metastasierung wurde nach adjuvanter Chemotherapie in allen 3 Fällen eine komplette Remission bei einer Nachbeobachtung von bislang 4–47 Monaten erzielt. Schlußfolgerungen: Beim lokalisierten, nichtinvasiven distalen Urethralkarzinom des Mannes ist eine organerhaltende Strategie gerechtfertigt. In lokal fortgeschrittenen und/oder lymphogen metastasierten Fällen ist nach lokaler Exzision und Lymphadenektomie eine adjuvante Chemotherapie, die sich an den Erfahrungen der Behandlung von anderen Plattenepithel- und Urothelkarzinomen orientieren muß, sinnvoll und erfolgversprechend
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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McCoy, Rachel. "An investigation into the mechanisms involved in smooth muscle control in the human and porcine lower urinary tract." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270207.
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Hakenberg, Oliver W., H. J. Franke, Michael Fröhner, and Manfred P. Wirth. "The Treatment of Primary Urethral Carcinoma – the Dilemmas of a Rare Condition: Experience with Partial Urethrectomy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy." Karger, 2001. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27623.
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Background: Primary urethral carcinoma is a very rare condition, and no large-scale experience with such cases has been published. Treatment will therefore have to follow rules established for the treatment of similar conditions. Patients: Six cases of primary urethral carcinoma (5 male, 1 female) who had been treated at our institution between 1995 and 1999 were retrospectively analyzed. In 3 male cases, a primary urothelial carcinoma of the distal urethra was treated by distal urethrectomy only. In 3 other cases with locally advanced tumors and/or lymph node metastases surgical treatment was followed by adjuvant cisplatinum-containing chemotherapy. Results: In the 3 cases with distal urethral carcinoma, partial urethrectomy with preservation of the penis resulted in cure, with a follow-up of 12–71 months. In the cases with advanced disease, adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery has resulted in complete remissions in all 3 cases, with a follow-up of 4–47 months at present. Conclusions: In localized, noninvasive carcinoma of the distal male urethra, partial urethrectomy seems adequate and the avoidance of penile amputation justified. In advanced cases, after local excision and lymphadenectomy adjuvant chemotherapy which by necessity must follow the guidelines established for the treatment of other urothelial or squamous cell malignancies seems to be beneficial.Hintergrund: Das primäre Harnröhrenkarzinom ist eine sehr seltene Erkrankung, und in der Literatur gibt es keine prospektiven Serien mit größeren Fallzahlen. Die Behandlung wird sich daher an Erfahrungen orientieren müssen, die bei der Behandlung ähnlicher Krankheitsbilder gewonnen wurden. Patienten: Sechs Fälle von primärem Urethralkarzinom (5 Männer, 1 Frau), die zwischen 1995 und 1999 in unserer Klinik behandelt wurden, wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Bei 3 der männlichen Patienten lag ein primäres Urothelkarzinom der distalen Harnröhre vor, und es wurde eine Urethrateilresektion ohne adjuvante Therapie durchgeführt. In den 3 anderen Fällen mit lokal fortgeschrittenen Tumoren und/oder Lymphknotenbefall wurde nach operativer Behandlung eine adjuvante Cisplatin-haltige Chemotherapie durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: In allen 3 Fällen nach Urethrateilresektion wurde eine komplette Heilung bei einer Nachbeobachtung von 12–71 Monaten erzielt. Bei den fortgeschrittenen Fällen mit lymphogener Metastasierung wurde nach adjuvanter Chemotherapie in allen 3 Fällen eine komplette Remission bei einer Nachbeobachtung von bislang 4–47 Monaten erzielt. Schlußfolgerungen: Beim lokalisierten, nichtinvasiven distalen Urethralkarzinom des Mannes ist eine organerhaltende Strategie gerechtfertigt. In lokal fortgeschrittenen und/oder lymphogen metastasierten Fällen ist nach lokaler Exzision und Lymphadenektomie eine adjuvante Chemotherapie, die sich an den Erfahrungen der Behandlung von anderen Plattenepithel- und Urothelkarzinomen orientieren muß, sinnvoll und erfolgversprechend.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Wijma, Jacobus. "The urethral support system in pregnancy and after childbirth." [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library of Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/305350269.
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Johnston, L. "Ca²⺠oscillations in rabbit urethral interstitial cells." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426791.
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Gregory, Susan Penelope. "Studies on urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in the bitch." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335331.
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Sergeant, Gerard Patrick. "Specialised pacemaking cells in the rabbit urethra." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325990.
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Teramoto, Noriyoshi. "Properties and roles of ion channels in urethral smooth muscle cells." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388766.
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Mariano, Timothy Yu. "Electrical Stimulation of Afferent Neural Pathways for Suppression of Urethral Reflexes." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1246392300.
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Woolsey, S. M. "Characterisation of currents in human urethral / bladder neck smooth muscle cells." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403437.
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Roe, Brenda Hilary. "Catheter care and patient teaching." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327917.
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Buss, Robert R. "Modulation of cutaneous and urethral afferent transmission during micturition in the decerebrate cat." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23240.pdf.
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Waldeck, Kristian. "Targets for pharmacological intervention in the bladder and urethra." Lund : Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68945055.html.
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Cooley, Anjilla Joye. "The effects of indwelling transurethral catheterization and tube cystostomy on urethral anastomoses in dogs." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05092009-040632/.
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Rosenbaum, Clemens M., C. Philip Reiss, Hendrik Borgmann, Johannes Salem, Margit Fisch, Johannes Huber, Marianne Schmid, and Sascha A. Ahyai. "Management of Anterior Urethral Strictures in Adults: A Survey of Contemporary Practice in Germany." Karger, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70617.
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Introduction: Treatment methods of anterior urethral strictures in adults have undergone considerable changes in the recent past. Our goal was to determine national practice patterns among German urologists and to compare results with the results of prior international surveys. Methods: We conducted a survey on the management of urethral strictures among German urologists. Results: Eight hundred forty-five urologists, representing about 14.6% of German urologists, answered the survey. Most common procedures were direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU; 87.2%), blind internal urethrotomy (57.5%), dilatation (56.3%), ventral buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty (31.6%) and excision and primary anastomosis (28.9%). In case of a 3.5-cm bulbar stricture and in the case of a 1-cm bulbar stricture after 2 failed DVIUs, a consecutive urethroplasty was significantly more often favoured compared to transurethral treatment options (44.9 vs. 21.3% and 59.4 vs. 8.3%, both p < 0.001). Conclusion: Open urethral reconstruction reveals to be a more common method in practice nowadays. Adherence to recommended treatment algorithms improved in comparison to prior surveys.
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Samnakay, Naeem. "Antenatal bladder outflow obstruction : effects of morphology and apoptosis in the fetal kidney, and effects on fetal ACTH and cortisol levels in an ovine model." University of Western Australia. School of Women's and Infants' Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0151.
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Posterior urethral valves cause bladder outflow obstruction and damage to the developing fetal kidney. Posterior urethral valves affect 1 in 8000 new-born males. A third of these children develop end stage renal failure by adolescence, despite valve ablation in the early post-natal period, implying that majority of the damage to the kidneys occurs in utero. How does this damage occur, and should we intervene in utero? The answers to these questions require further research, and are the basis to this thesis. This thesis focused on the effect bladder outflow obstruction has on morphology and apoptosis in the fetal kidney in a fetal lamb model. It also looked at the effect of bladder outflow obstruction on fetal stress hormone levels. Bladder outflow obstruction was created surgically in fetal lambs at day 70 of gestation, and fetal kidneys were analysed at day 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 after creation of obstruction. Controls undergoing sham surgery were used for comparison. Four aspects were investigated: - effects of bladder outflow obstruction on renal histology effects of bladder outflow obstruction on expression of pro-apoptosis gene Bax and anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-X - effects of bladder outflow obstruction on renal regional apoptosis effects of bladder outflow obstruction on serum fetal ACTH and cortisol levels. Bladder outflow obstruction resulted in sequential morphological change in the fetal kidney over time. By 2 days post-obstruction, cystic change was noted. In addition, patchy attenuation of the nephrogenic blastema was evident by 5 days post-obstruction, with more confluent blastemal attenuation as well as generalized renal architectural disorganization by 10 days post-obstruction. By 20 and 30 days post-obstruction, cystic renal dysplasia had developed. Bladder outflow obstruction resulted in an increase in the ratio of renal expression of pro-apoptosis gene Bax to anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-X. Regional apoptosis counts showed increased tubular apoptosis compared to controls at 2 days post-obstruction, and increased blastemal apoptosis compared to controls at 5 days post-obstruction. By 10 days post-obstruction, blastemal apoptosis counts were reduced compared to controls. There were no significant differences in fetal serum ACTH and cortisol levels between fetal lambs with bladder outflow obstruction and controls. In conclusion, the results of this thesis outline the spectrum of morphological change in the fetal kidney over 30 days of bladder outflow obstruction. They show that detectable changes in morphology occur within two days of bladder outflow obstruction. Likewise, detectable changes in gene expression occur within 2 days of bladder outflow obstruction. The increased ratio of expression of Bax to Bcl-X suggests a swing towards increased apoptosis in response to bladder outflow obstruction. Further research is required to ascertain if these changes are reversible. However, the early onset of these changes as shown in this thesis suggests that any fetal intervention to protect the fetal kidney from the effects of bladder outflow obstruction may need to be instituted very early in gestation
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Santos, Rachel Cristina Rodrigues dos. "Traumas uretrais pela introdução do cateter uretral: conduta do enfermeiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-04082016-185615/.
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Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a conduta do enfermeiro frente ao traumatismo de uretra ocasionado pela inserção do cateter uretral. Este estudo teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto - Parecer 466/12 e foi realizado em um Hospital Universitário em duas etapas: na primeira etapa, descritiva, foi efetuada consulta ao sistema eletrônico do hospital que trata de notificações sobre eventos adversos dos pacientes. Nessa etapa foi utilizado instrumento de perguntas objetivas elaborado pelo próprio pesquisador. Na segunda, quase-experimental pós teste, foram coletados os dados relacionados a autoconfiança de enfermeiros, que participaram de cenário simulado de baixa fidelidade. Nessa etapa para obtenção dos dados foi aplicado um questionário de caracterização dos sujeitos e instrumento já validado, de autoconfiança na Assistência de Enfermagem à Retenção Urinária (EAAERU), a qual encontra-se dividida em cinco fatores: 1) \"Intervenções realizadas durante o cateterismo urinário e/ou em situações iatrogênicas\", 2) \"Intervenções prévias ao cateterismo urinário\", 3) \"Intervenções realizadas após o cateterismo urinário\"; 4) \"Comunicação, consentimento e preparo dos materiais para realização do cateterismo urinário\", e 5) \"Avaliação objetiva da RU\" (retenção urinária). Os dados da primeira etapa foram analisados por estatística descritiva e os dados da segunda etapa foram codificados e digitados duplamente em planilhas do aplicativo Excel®, exportados e analisados no programa SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) ®, versão 22.0, como a escala original. Os resultados demonstram que na primeira fase do estudo entre as 5300 notificações do serviço, apenas 27 (1,96%) estavam relacionadas a problemas urinários. Entre essas, cinco diretamente ao cateterismo urinário. Na segunda fase do estudo, a amostra foi composta por 53 enfermeiros, entre os quais a maior parte era do sexo feminino, com idade média de 36 anos, menos de dez anos de formação. Entre eles a maioria cursava ou já haviam cursado pós-graduação. Segundo os entrevistados todos 53 (100,0%) já realizaram o cateterismo urinário e 46 (86,8%) já vivenciaram dificuldades no procedimento. A maioria já avaliou trauma uretral ocasionado pela passagem do cateter. A conduta tomada nessa circunstância foi comunicar o fato e solicitar avaliação de outro profissional (médico e/ou outro enfermeiro). Após atividade simulada de trauma uretral, na avaliação da autoconfiança, a EAAERU demonstrou boa confiabilidade na sua aplicação (? 0,966). Os menores escores encontrados na autoconfiança dos profissionais estiveram relacionados aos fatores 1) \"Intervenções realizadas durante o cateterismo urinário e/ou em situações iatrogênicas\" e 5) \"Avaliação objetiva da RU\". Observou-se ainda associação positiva entre a autoconfiança e a frequência de realização do cateterismo urinário. Conclui-se que os traumas de uretra são comuns na prática clínica, porém pouco notificados. Com relação à autoconfiança na introdução do cateterismo urinário em que ocorrem situações de trauma de uretra há dificuldade na tomada de decisão e na avaliação objetiva da RU. Uma vez que o cateterismo é de competência do enfermeiro, são necessários programas e instrumentos que capacitem os profissionais para tais situaçõesThis study aimed to evaluate the conduct of the nurse to the urethral trauma caused by the insertion of urethral catheter. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee in research of the College of Nursing in Ribeirão Preto - Opinion 466/12 and was performed in University Hospital in two stages: in the first stage, descriptive, a question was made on the hospital\'s electronic system, which deals with notifications about adverse events of patients. In this stage, it was used an instrument of objective questions elaborated by the researcher herself. In the second stage, quasi-experimental posttest study, the data related to self-confidence of nurses who participated in simulated low-fidelity scenario was collected. In this stage, to obtain the data, it was applied a characterization questionnaire of subjects and already validated instrument of Self-Confidence Scale of Nursing Care in Urinary Retention (EAAERU), which is divided in five factors: 1) \"Interventions performed during urinary catheterization and/or in iatrogenic situations\", 2) \"Prior interventions to performing urinary catheterization\", 3) \"Interventions performed for urinary catheters\"; 4) \"Communication, consent and preparation of materials for performing urinary catheterization\", and 5) \"Objective evaluation of the urinary retention\". The first stage\'s data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and the second stage\'s data were codified and double typed in spreadsheets in the Excel® app, exported and analyzed in the SPSS program (Statistical Package for Social Science)®, version 22.0, like the original scale. The results demonstrate that in the first stage of the study, among the 5300 notifications of service, only 27 (1,96%) were related to urinary problems. Among these, five directly related to urinary catheterization. In the second stage of the study, the sample was made by 53 nurses, among which most were women, with an average age of 36 years, less than ten years of formation. Among them, most were attending or had already attended postgraduate. According to the interviewers, all 53 (100,0%) had performed urinary catheterization and 46 (86,8%) had gone through trouble during the process. Most of them had evaluated urethral trauma caused by the introduction of the catheter. The conduct taken in this circumstance was to communicate the fact and request the evaluation of another professional (Doctor and/or another nurse). After simulated activity of the urethral trauma, in the self-confidence evaluation, EAAERU showed good reliability on its application (?=0,966). The lowest scores found in the professionals\' self-confidence were related to the factors 1) \"Interventions performed during urinary catheterization and/or in iatrogenic situations\" and 5) \"Objective evaluation of the urinary retention\". It was also observed positive association between the self-confidence and the performance of urethral catheterization. It is concluded that urethral traumas are common on clinical practice, however little notified. With regard to self-confidence to the introduction of urethral catheterization in which occur urethral trauma situations, there is difficulty in decision making and objective evaluation of the urinary retention. Once the catheterization is the nurse\'s responsibility, programs and tools are necessary to enable professionals in such situations
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Lord, Helen Elizabeth. "A randomised controlled equivalence trial comparing tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) with suprapubic urethral support sling (SPARC)." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Health Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0086.
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[Truncated abstract] Approximately 35% of women worldwide have stress incontinence, which is defined as involuntary leakage of urine on effort, exertion, or on sneezing and coughing. There are various surgical techniques for stress incontinence; however, minimally invasive operations are increasingly being chosen by surgeons and their patients. Of these procedures, tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) has a cure rate of approximately 90% and is now perceived as the standard technique for stress incontinence. Reported complications of TVT include arterial laceration, bladder perforation, bowel perforation, de novo urgency, dyspareunia, excessive blood loss, haematoma, nerve injuries, urethral erosion, urge incontinence, urinary tract infection, vascular injury, vaginal mesh erosion, voiding dysfunction and death. Suprapubic urethral support sling (SPARC) is a very similar minimally invasive operation and early indications suggested that the success rate for treating stress incontinence was expected to be identical or better than those obtained with the earlier TVT approach, with possibly fewer adverse perioperative events. Our trial sought to establish equivalence between TVT and SPARC in relation to short-term complications and efficacy. OBJECTIVES The primary outcome was bladder perforation. Secondary outcomes were blood loss, voiding difficulty, urgency, and cure of stress incontinence symptoms. METHOD A randomised controlled one-sided equivalence trial (RCT) was conducted in Perth, Western Australia during 2003 and 2004 by researchers in the School of Population Health, University of Western Australia (UWA) and King Edward Memorial Hospital (KEMH). Patients were recruited from the public Urology/Urogynaecology Clinic at the primary women's hospital and the consultant surgeons' private practices. ... However, acute urinary retention requiring a return to theatre to loosen the tape (TVT 0%, SPARC 6.5%; OR: [infinity], 95% CL: 2.2, [infinity]; p=0.002) and subjective short-term cure (TVT 87.1%, SPARC 76.5%; OR: 2.07, 95% CL: 1.13, 3.81; p=0.03) were statistically significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The results are consistent with clinical equivalence between TVT and SPARC in relation to the incidence of bladder perforation. No statistically significant difference was found between TVT and SPARC in blood loss, urgency or short-term objective cure of stress incontinence at the six week post-discharge visit to the surgeon. However, the tapes were more difficult to adjust correctly in SPARC procedures and a statistically significant number of patients required a return to theatre for loosening of the tape (TVT 0/147, 0% and SPARC 10/154, 6.5%, p=0.002). Compared with SPARC, TVT was statistically significantly higher for subjective short-term cure. In ii relation to vaginal mesh erosion, TVT was lower than SPARC, though not statistically significantly. Overall, voiding difficulty (loosening of the tape), urgency and vaginal mesh erosion were the most important clinical problems. This randomised controlled trial demonstrates the importance of testing new devices which appear to be similar, but which may have clinically relevant differences. A follow up study to assess the long-term efficacy of tension-free vaginal tape and suprapubic urethral support sling and associated complications is planned.
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Walters, Richard D. "An investigation into the function of the urethral muscles and the mechanisms by which they are controlled." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414303.
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Flores, Demetrio Laruta. "Biochemical Components in the Secretion of the Bulb Urethral Glands of Llama (Lama Glama) in Three Ages." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2002. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5361.
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The present study was performed in the Zoo-Technical Engineering department of the Tiahuanaco Rural Academic Unit of the Bolivian Catholic University. The biochemical components of the secretions produced by the bulb urethral glands of male llama that were studied are glucose, inorganic phosphorus, creatinine, total proteins, albumin, total lipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Spectrophotometer standardized techniques were used in nine animals of three, four, and five years of age from communities of the Ingavi province. Groups comprised of three animals each were selected by age criteria. After dissecting and separating the pelvic urethra, gland secretion was obtained by finger pressure. The process was made after beneficiating the animals. The bulb urethral gland secretions present a white color and a hard viscous consistency. The results of biochemical analysis in the three ages are as follows : glucose 535.79 mg/dl; inorganic phosphorus 30.67 mg/dl; creatinine 25.34 mg/dl; total proteins 11.78 g/dl; albumin, 8.596 g/dl; total lipids 1022.55 mg/dl; cholesterol 168.83 mg/dl; and triglycerides, 605.10 mg/dl. Animal age significantly influences on the concentrations of glucose, creatinine, and total lipids with a probability of (p>= 0.05). Animal age has no influence over the concentrations of inorganic phosphorus, total proteins, albumin, cholesterol, and triglycerides with a probability of (p<= 0.05).
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Elhage, Oussama. "A systematic assessment of the physical impact of a complex surgical task on surgeons : comparison between robotic assisted, laparoscopic and open techniques." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-systematic-assessment-of-the-physical-impact-of-a-complex-surgical-task-on-surgeons-comparison-between-robotic-assisted-laparoscopic-and-open-techniques(7b6e3820-8c88-415f-af84-9c64a29003ff).html.
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Lecamwasam, Harish Sanjeev. "An analysis of detrusor dynamics and urethral flow in the canine urinary tract, under obstructive and non-obstructive conditions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36612.
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Antwi, Sampson. "Audit of posterior urethral valve (PUV) in children at Red Cross Children Hospital, Cape Town, January 2002 - January 2009." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11891.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-72).
Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is a congenital obstructing membrane of the male urethra. It is the commonest cause of bladder outlet obstruction in male children. PUV as a cause of obstructive uropathy is an important cause of end stage renal failure (ESRF) in children. Early detection and surgical intervention can slow down progression to ESRF.
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McCoin, Jaime L. "PATTERNED SACRAL AFFERENT STIMULATION FOR SUPPRESSION OF URETHRAL REFLEXES AND RESTORATION OF BLADDER VOIDING AFTER CHRONIC SPINAL CORD INJURY." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1370622416.
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Weißenfels, Paul. "Verankerungselemente im urethralen Kontinenzapparat des Mannes." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-77137.
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Die Belastungsinkontinenz des Mannes ist eine häufige Komplikation der radikalen Prostatovesikulektomie. Abgewandelte Operationstechniken und Rekonstruktions-verfahren führen zu verbesserten postoperativen Kontinenzraten und weisen auf die Bedeutung einzelner Komponenten am urethralen Verschlussmechanismus hin. Im Vergleich zum weiblichen ist der männliche Harnkontinenzmechanismus nur ansatzweise verstanden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die am urethralen Verschluss beteiligten Komponenten und ihre Verbindungen zu angrenzenden Strukturen makroskopisch und mikroskopisch analysiert und auf ihre funktionelle Bedeutung untersucht. Zehn konservierte Leichname wurden für Untersuchungen des männlichen Urogenitaltraktes genutzt, aus drei Becken wurden Organpakete für die Erstellung von mikroskopischen Schnittpräparaten entnommen. Die histologischen Untersuchungen konnten zeigen, dass die Form des Musculus sphincter urethrae externus im Transversalschnitt von der Schnitthöhe abhängig ist. Seine Fasern strahlen in die Faszie des Musculus levator ani ein. Auch die Fasern des Corpus perineale inserieren in die Faszie dieses Muskels. Anhand dieser Ergebnisse wird die zentrale Rolle des Musculus levator ani im männlichen Harnkontinenzapparat deutlich. Der eigentliche Verschlussdruck wird demnach durch den Musculus levator ani aufgebaut und durch das Corpus perineale von dorsal auf die Urethra übertragen. Die Aufgabe des Musculus sphincter urethrae externus wird nicht als primär aktiv, sondern als dynamisches Widerlager für die membranöse Urethra beschrieben. Außerdem geht die Arbeit auf die noch wenig erforschte Mediatorfunktion der glatten Muskulatur im männlichen Urogenitaltrakt ein. Diese Ergebnisse präzisieren die Vorstellung des Kontinenzmechanismus des Mannes als Zusammenspiel von unterschiedlichen Komponenten und geben Anlass, aktuelle Standardtechniken der Beckenchirurgie zu überdenken und den Fokus auf schonende bzw. rekonstruktive Operationsverfahren zu richten.
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Costa, Hugo Leonardo Riani [UNESP]. "Caracterização das alterações laboratoriais e histopatológicas associadas à obstrução uretral experimentalmente induzida em ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89277.
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costa_hlr_me_botfmvz.pdf: 1355195 bytes, checksum: 2992cd80d156a33c682f6ce67ff9724e (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A obstrução uretral é uma emergência clínica freqüente no atendimento de pequenos animais. Com a evolução do quadro, ocorre parada na filtração glomerular e, consequentemente, desenvolvem-se várias alterações nos equilíbrios hídrico, eletrolítico e ácido-básico, além do acúmulo de metabólitos nitrogenados e toxinas orgânicas. Podem ocorrer modificações histopatológicas nos rins e na bexiga. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, caracterizar prospectivamente as alterações laboratoriais e histopatológicas de ratos apresentando obstrução uretral. Para tanto, foram utilizados 21 ratos Wistar com obstrução uretral induzida. Foram realizados os seguintes exames: hemogasometria venosa e determinação dos níveis de uréia, creatinina, sódio, potássio, cloreto, cálcio e fósforo. As avaliações foram repetidas a cada 8 horas durante 24 horas. Após esse período os animais foram eutanasiados e as bexigas e os rins enviados para exame histopatológico. Entre os exames bioquímicos, foram observadas elevações estatisticamente significativas nos níveis de uréia, creatinina, fósforo, magnésio e potássio, e diminuição nos níveis de cloreto. Com relação à hemogasometria, houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os valores de pH, PO2, PCO2, excesso de base, saturação de oxigênio e lactato. O exame histopatológico renal revelou a presença de alterações tubulares e glomerulares, enquanto a análise histopatológica das bexigas demonstrou a presença de hemorragia, separação de fibras musculares e infiltrado inflamatório. Conclui-se que a obstrução uretral provoca alterações que podem ser detectadas nos exames laboratoriais, sendo as mesmas agravadas no decorrer do tempo. Além disso, a persistência durante 24 horas é capaz de levar a alterações morfológicas no trato urinário.
Urethral obstruction is a frequent emergency in Veterinary clinics. The persistent urethral obstruction leads to blockage of renal filtration, resulting in several alterations in fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance, besides the accumulation of nitrogenous metabolic products and organic toxins. Histopathological changes may occur in the kidneys and urinary bladder. Thus, this study aimed to prospectively characterize renal and vesical histopathological alterations in rats due to urethral obstruction. Twenty-one male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with experimental urethral obstruction were included in the study. Venous gasometry and determination of urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and phosporus were performed. The avaliations were repeted each 8 hours during 24 hours. After that period, the animals were euthanatized for the collection of kidneys and bladder fragments to the histopathological exam. Biochemistry exams demonstrated statiscally significant elevations for the levels of urea, creatinine, phosporus, magnesium and potassium, and a decrease for the levels of chloride. Results of gasometry also demonstrated statiscally significant changes for pH, PO2, PCO2, base excess, oxygen saturation and lactate values. Histopathology analysis revealed kidney alterations in tubular and glomerular elements. The most important alterations found in urinary bladders were transmural hemorrhage, separation of muscle fibers and neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate. Complete urethral obstruction induces important changes that can be detected by laboratorial exams, and the alterations worsen with the course of time. Besides that, the persistent obstruction during 24 hours is able to cause morphological changes in the kidneys and urinary bladder, which can be detected using histopathological exam.
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Tu, Le Mai. "Neurostimulation of the sacral roots in neurogenic bladder : the effect of selective high-frequency blockade on external urethral sphincter activity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29803.pdf.
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Biaziolo, Cintia Fernandes Baccarin. "Escala de autoconfiança para a realização do cateterismo urinário intermitente: construção e validação de instrumento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22134/tde-23112015-203618/.
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Este estudo teve como objetivo validar instrumento de medida para a realização do cateterismo urinário intermitente entre pacientes e cuidadores. Estudo metodológico de construção e validação de instrumento, realizado no Centro de Reabilitação de um Hospital Universitário, com pacientes usuários do cateterismo urinário intermitente e com os seus cuidadores, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto - Parecer 146/2012. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista, realizada durante consulta de enfermagem através de instrumento de caracterização da amostra e de um questionário tipo Likert de 16 itens e cinco pontos por item, que vão de: \"nada confiante\"=1; \"pouco confiante\"=2; \"confiante\"=3; \"muito confiante\"=4 até \"completamente confiante\"=5. O questionário denominado Escala de Autoconfiança para realização do Cateterismo Urinário Intermitente Limpo (EACUIL) foi construído com base na literatura e validado em aparência e conteúdo em estudo anterior.Os dados da pesquisa foram codificados e digitados duplamente em planilhas do aplicativo Excel e após exportados e analisados no programa SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science), versão 22.0. S. Para determinar a validade e a confiabilidade do construto, foi utilizada estatística descritiva, com medidas de tendência central e de dispersão (média, moda, mediana, percentis, variância, desvio padrão), e a inferência estatística (análise fatorial e estimativa da consistência interna). Para a avaliação dos resultados obtidos, foi assumido o valor de p<0,05 como estatisticamente significante. A amostra foi composta por 241 sujeitos, entre os quais 122 (50,6%) pacientes e 119 cuidadores (49,4%), a maioria provenientes da Divisão Regional de Ribeirão Preto (DRS XIII). A maior parte dos pacientes era de solteiros, do gênero masculino, possuíam o 1o. e 2o. grau completos e entre os cuidadores a maior parte era de casados, do gênero feminino e também possuía 1o. e 2o. graus completos. Entre pacientes e cuidadores a quase totalidade foi capacitada para o cateterismo no Hospital onde o diagnóstico primário foi realizado. A prática do cateterismo foi descrita pela maioria como realizada 4x/dia e há cerca de cinco anos. Com relação ao instrumento proposto foi encontrada uma elevada correlação de todos os itens com o total da escala, Alpha de Cronbach 0,944. Os itens da escala foram mantidos num único fator. Os mesmos resultados foram repetidos nas sub-amostras pacientes e cuidadores. Os valores descritivos da amostra no que diz respeito à autoconfiança indicam que entre pacientes e cuidadores os maiores valores encontrados foram os relacionados a \"higienização das mãos\" e os menores os relacionados a \"escolher o que fazer quando sai sangue na urina\". Entre os pacientes foram também altos os índices de autoconfiança na higienização dos genitaisThis study aimed to validate measuring instrument for the realization of intermittent urinary catheterization among patients and caregivers. Methodological study of construction and instrument validation do neat the Rehabilitation Center of a University Hospital with patients using intermittent urinary catheterization and their carers, after approval by the Ethics Committee of the Nursing College of Ribeirão Preto - Opinion 146/2012. Data were collected by interview, conducted during nursing consultations through the sample characterization tool and a Likert questionnaire of 16 items and five points per item, ranging from \"no confidence\" = 1; \"somewhat confident\" = 2; \"confident\" = 3; \"very confident\" = 4 to \"completely confident\" = 5. The questionnaire named Self-confidence scale for carrying out the Clean Intermittent Catheterization Urinary (EACUIL) was built based on the literature and validated in appearance and content in a previous study. The survey data were coded and double entered in the Excel spreadsheet application and after exported and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 22.0.S.To determine the validity and reliability of the construct was used descriptive statistics, with measures of central tendency and dispersion (mean, mode, median, percentiles, variance, standard deviation), and the statistical inference (factor analysis and estimation of internal consistency). For the evaluation of the results, it was as summed the value of p <0.05 as statistically significant. The sample consisted of 241 subjects, including 122 (50.6%) patients and 119 caregivers (49.4%), most from the Regional Division of Ribeirão Preto (DRS XIII). Most patients were single, male, had between 51 and 60 years and the 1st and 2nd full degrees and among caregivers most were married, female and also had complete 1st and 2nd degrees. Between patients and caregivers almost all were trained for catheterization at the hospital where the primary diagnosis was made. The practice of catheterization was performed as described by Most 4x / day and about 5 years. Regarding the proposed instrument found a high correlation of all items with the total scale Cronbach\'s alpha 0.944. Scale items were kept in a single factor. The same results were repeated in patients and caregivers sub-samples. Descriptive sample values with regard to the confidence indicate that among patients and caregivers the highest values found were related to \"hand hygiene\" and smaller related to \"choose what to do when there is blood in the urine.\" Among the patients were also high the confidence indices in cleaning the genitals
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Goldammer, Katrin. "Pathogenese der Trichterbildung der Urethra bei Frauen mit Streßharninkontinenz." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14642.
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Fragestellung: Die Trichterbildung der proximalen Urethra ist ein typischer, aber nicht beweisender Befund bei Frauen mit Streßharninkontinenz. In der Studie wurde geprüft , ob spezifische pathomorphologische Veränderungen des Kontinenzkontrollsystems bei Frauen mit Trichterbildung gehäuft vorkommen und ob der Trichterbildung der Urethra ein diagnostischer Aussagewert zukommt. Methoden: 54 Frauen (mittleres Alter 52±11 Jahre) mit einer klinisch und urodynamisch gesicherten Streßharninkontinenz und ohne vorhergehende urogynäkologische Operationen wurden standardisiert kernspintomographisch (Protonendichte. Gewichtete Aufnahmen, transversale Schnittebene in Höhe der proximalen Urethra) untersucht. Folgende pathomorphologische Veränderungen des Strßharnkontinenzkontrollsystems wurden unterschieden: Urethradefekte, Defekte des M. levator ani und Defekte der Fascia endopelvina. Die Trichterbildung der Urethra wurde beim Pressen mit Hilfe der Introitussonographie diagnostiziert. Ergebnisse: Im Untersuchungskollektiv fanden sich 32 Frauen mit und 22 Frauen ohne Trichterbildung der Urethra. Streßharninkontinenz in Kombination mit einer Trichterbildung war signifikant vermehrt assoziiert mit einer Strukturveränderung des M. levator ani im MRT-Bild (erhöhte Signalintensität) und einem introitussonographisch diagnostizierten vertikalen Deszensus. Defekte der Urethralmuskulatur und der endopelvinen Faszie wurden nicht vermehrt gefunden. Schlußfolgerungen: Die Trichterbildung der Urethra reflektiert eine funktionellen Zustand der Urethra, welcher durch multifunktionelle pathomorphologische Veränderungen des Sreßharnkontinenzkontrollsystems bedingt ist. Die Diagnose Trichterbildung der Urethra besitzt keine diagnostische Relevanz.Aims of study: Funneling of the proximal urethra is a typical ultrasound finding in stress urinary incontinence but no definitive proof. The study was performed to determine whether women with funneling of the urethra show specific pathomorphologic changes of the continence control system at MR imaging and whether the demonstration of urethral funneling has any diagnostic relevance. Methods: Fifty-four women (mean age 52±11 years) with clinically and urodynamically proven stress urinary incontinence without prior urogynecologic surgery underwent standardized MR imaging (proton-density-weighted sequence, transverse section orientation at the level of the proximal urethra). The following pathomorphologic changes of the stress urinary continence control system were distinguished: urethral defects, defects of levator ani muscle and defects of endopelvic fascia. Funneling of the urethra was confirmed by introital ultrasound during pressing. Results: In the study group were 32 women with and 22 woman without urethral funnelling. Stress urinary incontinence in combination with funneling of the urethra was found to be associated with a significant increase in structural changes of the levator muscle at MR imaging (increased signal intensity) and vertical prolapse at ultrasound. Defects of urethral muscles and defects of endopelvic fascia were not found to be increased. Conclusions: Funneling of the urethra reflects a functional condition of the urethra caused by multifunctional pathomorphologic changes of the stress continence control system. The demonstration of urethral funneling has no any diagnostic relevance.
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Chapin, Katherine Joan. "In vivo Biocompatibilty and Time-Dependent Changes in Mechanical Properties of Woven Collagen Meshes: Comparison to Xenograft and Synthetic Mid-Urethral Sling Materials." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1462899086.
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Corgozinho, Katia Bar?o. "Avalia??o cl?nica dos gatos submetidos ? t?cnica de uretrostomia perineal." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2006. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/886.
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Previous issue date: 2006-01-17Perineal urethrostomy is a surgical procedure used in male cats to create a new opening between the pelvic urethra and skin in the perineal region. Indications for it include recorrent urethral obstruction and urethral obstruction that cannot be relieved by catheterization and reverse flushing. Perineal urethrostomy, when indicated and propely perfomed, is benefical to the patient and plagued with few complications. The purpose of this study was perform clinical evaluation of seventeen cats submitted to the perineal urethrostomy and evaluate the surgical complications in six months. This report evaluated the cats in the first day and up to six months after the surgery which were followed with biochemical, radiological analysis and urinalysis in this period, using questionnaires for better organization of the data. Sixteen cats had penile urethral trauma by catheterization and one cat had recurrent urethral obstruction. Complications observed after this procedure included hemorrhage, wound dehiscence, heamaturia or/and straining and urinary bacterial infection. None had urine burns or irritation or was incontinent or died. The most serious complication, urethral stricture, didn`t occur. The penile trauma was the major cause to indicate the urethrostomy. This study concluded that perineal urethrostomy predispose the urinary tract to increased bacterial contamination and subsequent infection. But many cats enjoy a long-term disease-free outcome and the clients consider their cats to have a good quality of life following surgery.
A uretrostomia perineal ? um procedimento cir?rgico realizado em gatos machos com o intuito de criar um novo orif?cio entre a uretra p?lvica e a pele na regi?o perineal. As indica??es dessa t?cnica incluem a obstru??o uretral recorrente e a obstru??o que n?o pode ser aliviada por cateteriza??o e lavagem reversa. A uretrostomia perineal quando indicada e realizada adequadamente, ? ben?fica para o paciente e gera poucas complica??es. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar clinicamente 17 gatos submetidos ? uretrostomia perineal e as complica??es p?s-cir?rgicas no per?odo de seis meses. A an?lise foi efetuada no primeiro dia de atendimento at? o sexto m?s p?s-cir?rgico e os animais foram acompanhados com an?lises bioqu?micas, radiografias e com urin?lise, usando question?rios para melhor organiza??o dos dados. Dezesseis gatos tinham traumatismo na uretra peniana em conseq??ncia da cateteriza??o uretral e um gato apresentou obstru??o uretral recorrente. As complica??es p?s-operat?rias observadas foram hemorragia, deisc?ncia de sutura, hemat?ria/dis?ria e infec??o bacteriana urin?ria. Nenhum paciente teve irrita??o da ferida, queimadura por urina, incontin?ncia ou veio a ?bito. A complica??o mais s?ria, a estenose uretral, n?o aconteceu. A iatrogenia foi a maior causa para a indica??o da uretrostomia perineal nesses animais. Esse estudo indicou que a uretrostomia perineal predisp?e ao aumento da contamina??o bacteriana e infec??o urin?ria. Por?m muitos gatos ficam longos per?odos sem apresentar sinais cl?nicos de doen?a do trato urin?rio inferior e os propriet?rios consideram que seus gatos t?m boa qualidade de vida ap?s a cirurgia.
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Nóbrega, Jessica Cavalcante da. "Dimetilarginina simétrica (SDMA) em gatos com doença do trato urinário inferior obstrutiva." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/191094.
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Orientador: Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães OkamotoResumo: A doença do trato urinário inferior de felinos (DTUIF) corresponde a uma série de afecções que podem acometer a bexiga e a uretra desses animais. A forma obstrutiva é a consequência mais prevalente e mais grave dentre outras DTUIF, podendo levar o animal a azotemia pós-renal, redução da taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) e a lesão renal aguda (LRA), que caso não seja tratada de forma eficiente, pode evoluir para doença renal crônica (DRC), uma doença frequente na população geriátrica felina. A creatinina sérica (sCr) é o biomarcador de TFG mais utilizado na clínica veterinária, porém apresenta baixa sensibilidade e diversos fatores que podem afetar seus valores. A dimetilarginina simétrica (SDMA) é um biomarcador mais recente na medicina veterinária que vem apresentado maior precocidade na detecção da perda da função renal e menor interferência de fatores extrarrenais, porém poucos são os trabalhos que determinam valores de SDMA em lesão renal de gatos. Este trabalho visou avaliar os valores de SDMA e compará-los com a sCr, ureia, dados hemogasométricos, escore clínico e tempo de obstrução de gatos com DTUIF obstrutiva. Os animais foram alocados em dois grupos experimentais, sendo 17 animais do grupo obstruído (GO) e 13 animais sadios para grupo controle (GC). As amostras foram coletadas antes da desobstrução (M0) e durante o tratamento clínico, nos momentos 12, 24 e 48 horas (M12, M24 e M48). Resultados obtidos demonstraram que no M48 do GO, 50% dos gatos obstruídos apresent... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a series of conditions that can affect the bladder and urethra of these animals. The obstructive form is the most prevalent and most serious consequence among other FLUTD, which can lead to post-renal azotemia and reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and acute kidney injury (AKI), which if not treated effectively, can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), a common disease in the feline geriatric population. Serum creatinine (sCr) is the biomarker of GFR most commonly used in veterinary pratice, but it has low sensitivity and there are several factors that may affect its values. Symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) is a newer biomarker in veterinary medicine that has been shown to be more precocious in detecting loss of renal function and less interference of extrarenal factors, but there are few studies determining SDMA values in feline kidney injury. This work aimed to evaluate SDMA values and to correlate them with sCr, urea, hemogasometric data, clinical score and duration of obstruction of felines with obstructive DTUIF. The animals were allocated into two experimental groups, 17 animals from the obstructed group (GO) and 13 healthy animals for control group (GC). Samples were collected before clearance (M0) and during clinical treatment at 12, 24 and 48 hours (M12, M24 and M48). The results obtained were that in GO M48, 50% of obstructed cats had SDMA values above normal, while for sCr only 29.41% of cats were elevated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Costa, Hugo Leonardo Riani. "Caracterização das alterações laboratoriais e histopatológicas associadas à obstrução uretral experimentalmente induzida em ratos /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89277.
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Orientador: Regina K. TakahiraBanca: Raimundo de Souza Lopes
Banca: André Marcelo Conceição Meneses
Resumo: A obstrução uretral é uma emergência clínica freqüente no atendimento de pequenos animais. Com a evolução do quadro, ocorre parada na filtração glomerular e, consequentemente, desenvolvem-se várias alterações nos equilíbrios hídrico, eletrolítico e ácido-básico, além do acúmulo de metabólitos nitrogenados e toxinas orgânicas. Podem ocorrer modificações histopatológicas nos rins e na bexiga. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, caracterizar prospectivamente as alterações laboratoriais e histopatológicas de ratos apresentando obstrução uretral. Para tanto, foram utilizados 21 ratos Wistar com obstrução uretral induzida. Foram realizados os seguintes exames: hemogasometria venosa e determinação dos níveis de uréia, creatinina, sódio, potássio, cloreto, cálcio e fósforo. As avaliações foram repetidas a cada 8 horas durante 24 horas. Após esse período os animais foram eutanasiados e as bexigas e os rins enviados para exame histopatológico. Entre os exames bioquímicos, foram observadas elevações estatisticamente significativas nos níveis de uréia, creatinina, fósforo, magnésio e potássio, e diminuição nos níveis de cloreto. Com relação à hemogasometria, houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os valores de pH, PO2, PCO2, excesso de base, saturação de oxigênio e lactato. O exame histopatológico renal revelou a presença de alterações tubulares e glomerulares, enquanto a análise histopatológica das bexigas demonstrou a presença de hemorragia, separação de fibras musculares e infiltrado inflamatório. Conclui-se que a obstrução uretral provoca alterações que podem ser detectadas nos exames laboratoriais, sendo as mesmas agravadas no decorrer do tempo. Além disso, a persistência durante 24 horas é capaz de levar a alterações morfológicas no trato urinário.
Abstract: Urethral obstruction is a frequent emergency in Veterinary clinics. The persistent urethral obstruction leads to blockage of renal filtration, resulting in several alterations in fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance, besides the accumulation of nitrogenous metabolic products and organic toxins. Histopathological changes may occur in the kidneys and urinary bladder. Thus, this study aimed to prospectively characterize renal and vesical histopathological alterations in rats due to urethral obstruction. Twenty-one male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with experimental urethral obstruction were included in the study. Venous gasometry and determination of urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and phosporus were performed. The avaliations were repeted each 8 hours during 24 hours. After that period, the animals were euthanatized for the collection of kidneys and bladder fragments to the histopathological exam. Biochemistry exams demonstrated statiscally significant elevations for the levels of urea, creatinine, phosporus, magnesium and potassium, and a decrease for the levels of chloride. Results of gasometry also demonstrated statiscally significant changes for pH, PO2, PCO2, base excess, oxygen saturation and lactate values. Histopathology analysis revealed kidney alterations in tubular and glomerular elements. The most important alterations found in urinary bladders were transmural hemorrhage, separation of muscle fibers and neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate. Complete urethral obstruction induces important changes that can be detected by laboratorial exams, and the alterations worsen with the course of time. Besides that, the persistent obstruction during 24 hours is able to cause morphological changes in the kidneys and urinary bladder, which can be detected using histopathological exam.
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Sasahara, Tais Harumi de Castro. "Efeitos da obstrução parcial da uretra na musculatura da bexiga urinária de coelhos: estudo morfométrico e estereológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-02042007-122032/.
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Os efeitos da obstrução uretral parcial na musculatura da bexiga urinária de coelhos foram investigadas usando as ferramentas estereológicas. Foram utilizadas 12 fêmeas de coelhos da raça Norfolk, com três meses de idade e peso corporal variando de 2,5-3,0 kg. O procedimento cirúrgico consistiu de celiotomia mediana retro-umbilical para exposição da bexiga urinária. A parede dorsal da uretra foi divulsionada de sua íntima associação com o útero e vagina, o suficiente para a passagem de fio nylon 2-0. Um pino de Steinmann (3 mm de diâmetro) foi interposto temporariamente entre a uretra e o fio para determinar indiretamente o grau de obstrução uretral. Após três, sete e doze semanas os animais foram ortotanasiados e comparados com o grupo de animais controle (não obstruídos). Os fragmentos da bexiga foram preparados para microscopia de luz. Cortes seriados foram realizados para o estudo morfométrico e estereológico. Os três eixos: crânio-caudal (CC), dorso-ventral (DV) e latero-lateral (LL) aumentaram em todos os grupos analisados: controle, 3, 7 e 12 semanas. Os valores para CC foram estatisticamente similares para 3, 7 e 12 semanas. O mesmo foi observado no eixo DV. Os valores para o eixo LL foram similares para os grupos de 7 e 12 semanas. O estudo morfométrico baseou-se em determinar o tamanho da fibra (área seccional) e comprimento da fibra muscular. Nos animais do grupo de 3, 7 e 12 semanas foi observado um aumento de 4,63x, 4,32x e 7,10x no tamanho celular e um decréscimo de 2,55x, 1,94x e 4,04x no comprimento da fibra muscular quando comparados ao grupo controle. O estudo estereológico baseou-se em estimar o volume referência (Vref), a densidade numérica (Nv), o número total de fibras musculares (N), a densidade de volume (Vv) e o volume da fibra muscular (Vn). O Vref apresentou um aumento de 11,07x, 7,98x e 31,7x quando comparado com o grupo controle. A densidade numérica (Nv) aumentou 0,06x e 0,05x para os grupos de 3 e 7 semanas, respectivamente, em relação ao grupo controle. O grupo de 12 semanas, no entanto, apresentou um decréscimo de 0,01x em comparação com o grupo controle. Os grupos de 3, 7 e 12 semanas apresentaram, respectivamente, um aumento de 0,81x, 12,56x e 38,43x em número total de células. A densidade de volume (Vv) para os grupos de 3, 7 e 12 semanas apresentou um aumento de 0,97x, 0,56x e 0,86x em relação ao grupo controle. E finalmente, o volume médio da fibra muscular apresentou um aumento de 0,62x, 0,81x e 0,82x, respectivamente para os animais de 3, 7 e 12 semanas. Os dois mecanismos: hipertrofia e hiperplasia ocorrem na bexiga urinária de coelhos, porém não sabemos a seqüência exata em que aparecem.The effects of partial urethral obstruction on rabbit´s urinary bladder musculature were investigated using stereological designed methods. A total of 12 female Norfolk rabbits weighing from 2.5 to 3 kg were used. A retro-umbilical celiotomy was made to expose the urinary bladder. The urethra´s dorsal wall was isolated from its association with the uterus. A 3mm-Steinmann-pin was positioned on the urethra to produce a standard degree of obstruction and a ligature was tied up around it, using a 2-0 nylon silk. Three, seven and twelve weeks after the surgery procedures the rabbits were euthanised. Bladder fragments were prepared for light microscopy. Serial sections were performed to morphometric and stereological study. In relation to the bladder axis: cranio-caudal (CC), dorso-ventral (DV) and latero-lateral (LL) increased in all groups analysed: control, 3, 7 and 12 week-obstructed animals. Values for CC were statistically similar for 3, 7 and 12-week-obstructed groups. The same was observed for DV axis. The LL axis showed values statistically similar for 7 and 12-week-obstructed groups. The morphometric study was based on the muscle fibre size (sectional area) and the muscle fibre length. In 3, 7 and 12-week-obstructed animals, it was observed a 4.63, 4.32 and 7.10-fold cell size increase and a 2.55, 1.94 and 4.04-fold decrease in length, respectively, when compared to control group. As for the stereological study. Vref presented a 11.07, 7.98 and 31.7-fold increase when compared to control subjects. Numerical density (Nv) increased by 0.06 and 0.05 in 3 and 7-week-obstructed groups, respectively, in relation to control group. Twelve week-obstructed group. Presented however a 0.01x-decrease compared to control animals. Three, seven and twelve-week-obstructed groups presented, respectively, 0.81, 12.56 and 38.43-fold increase in total number of cells (N). Volume density presented a 0.97, 0.56 and 0.86-fold increase in 3, 7 and 12-week-obstructed groups, respectively. And finally, mean muscle cell volume (Vn) presented a 0.62, 0.81 and 0.82-fold in 3, 7 and 12-week obstructed groups, respectively. Both mechanisms: hypertrophy and hyperplasia happened to occur on rabbit´s urinary bladder, thought we do not know the exact sequence in which they appear altogether.
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Al-rudainy, Fatema, and Kjaerran Analyn Bernados. "Kvinnliga patienters upplevelser av att erhålla urinrörskateter." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25078.
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Al- Rudainy, F & Bernados-Kjaerran, A. Kvinnliga patienters upplevelser av att erhålla urinrörskateter. En empirisk studie om kvinnliga patienters upplevelser av att erhålla urinrörskateter. Examensarbete i omvårdnad 15 högskolepoäng. Malmö högskola: Hälsa och samhälle, Utbildningsområde omvårdnad, 2011.Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva kvinnliga patienters upplevelse av att erhålla urinrörskateter (KAD). Frågeställningarna som skulle besvaras är vilka upplevelser kvinnliga patienter upplever vid kateterisering av urinblåsan och vilken information, stöd och bemötande de har fått av sjuksköterskor i samband med kateterisering. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats. Intervjuer genomfördes med sex kvinnliga patienter på en vårdavdelning inom slutenvården. Kvalitativ innehållsanalys på manifest nivå användes för att analysera intervjumaterialet. Studiens resultat sammanfattas i fem framkomna huvudkategorier: Omväxlande information om KAD- behandlingen, betydelse av KAD- behandling, överlåtelse vid KAD-behandling, upplevelser beroende på behandlingstiden och vikten av personalens bemötande.Nyckelord: bemötande, information, innehållsanalys, kvinnor, upplevelse, urinrörskateter, stöd.Al-rudainy, F & Bernados- Kjaerran, A. Female patients experiences in receiving an urethral catheter. An empirical study of female patient’s experiences as urethral catheters wearer. Degree project 15 credit points, Nursing Program. Malmö University: Health and Society, Department of Nursing, 2011.The purpose of this study is to describe female patient’s experience in receiving a urethral catheter (KAD). The research questions to be answered are what experiences the female patients describe during bladder catheterization and what information, support and treatment they have received from nurses in association to catheterization. The study is conducted with a qualitative approach. Interviews were conducted with six female patients in a somatic ward. Content analysis method on a manifest level is used to analyze the interview data. The results of the study are summarized in five main categories: Varied information about KAD- treatment, the significance of KAD- treatment, disposition in KAD care, experience due to treatment duration and importance of staff treatment.Keywords: content analysis, experience, information, support, treatment, urethral catheter, women.
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Lourenço, Elaine Mara. "Análise retrospectiva do tratamento clínico e cirúrgico de pacientes portadores de válvula de uretra posterior." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17137/tde-10042018-140525/.
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Introdução: Dentre as anomalias congênitas obstrutivas do trato urinário a Válvula de Uretra Posterior (VUP) apresenta elevado risco para a sobrevida do recém-nascido e é a causa mais comum de doença renal crônica terminal na infância. Seu tratamento envolve múltiplas especialidades e necessita seguimento no longo prazo. Com esses aspectos torna-se imperativo a permanente reavaliação de condutas. Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos clínicos e evolutivos dos pacientes portadores de Válvula de Uretra Posterior buscando avaliar a necessidade de adequações ao protocolo de atendimento. Casuística e Métodos: Constituída por 68 pacientes portadores de VUP atendidos no HCFMRP-USP no período entre 1990 e 2015. Foram revistos os dados relativos ao nascimento, encaminhamento, exames complementares, cirurgias realizadas e evolução clínica. Resultados: houve predomínio da raça branca (76,5%) e procedentes da DRS XIII (82,4%). A maioria das crianças vieram encaminhadas de outros hospitais (80,9%), alguns já submetidos à derivação urinária. Quanto à idade ao encaminhamento, 52,7% chegaram após o primeiro ano de vida embora o diagnóstico tenha sido feito em 76,5% antes do primeiro ano. Avaliação ultrassonográfica pré-natal foi realizada em 40 gestantes (48,8%) e oligoâmnio observado em16/40 (40,0%). Dentre os exames complementares para diagnóstico e seguimento ambulatorial ressaltamos a urografia excretora (16,2%), cintilografia renal (70,6%) e renograma (29,4%). Uretrocistografia foi realizada em todos os pacientes. Quanto aos principais procedimentos, derivação vesico-amniótica intrauterina foi realizada em 3 pacientes, cateterismo vesical de demora em 20, derivação alta em 4 pacientes, vesicostomia em 33, ressecção parcial do colo vesical em 9 e cauterização da VUP em 67. Dez pacientes foram transplantados. Discussão e Conclusões: os resultados apresentados são comparáveis àqueles divulgados na literatura pelas melhores instituições quanto ao diagnóstico, procedimentos cirúrgicos e evolução. O que fica evidente são as condições sócioeconômicas e culturais do nosso País onde a obtenção de melhores resultados terapêuticos tropeça em questões sociais e educacionais, necessitando de ações conjuntas visando educação continuada e organização social. Exame pré-natal adequado, diagnóstico precoce e rápido encaminhamento a centros que possam absorver estes pacientes são cruciais para a melhor evolução clínica. O protocolo mínimo de assistência deve ser objeto de difusão aos profissionais de saúde de diferentes especialidades visando o reconhecimento do quadro clínico. É desejável a inclusão, no protocolo de atendimento, de exames laboratoriais com capacidade prognóstica relacionada à evolução para doença renal crônica.Introduction: Among congenital anomalies of the urinary tract, the posterior urethral valve (PUV) has a high risk for newborn´s mortality and is the most frequent cause of terminal chronic kidney disease in children. Its treatment involves multidisciplinary approach and long-term follow-up is necessary. Therefore, it is mandatory to permanently re-evaluate conducts. Objective: To describe the clinical and evolutive aspects of patients with PUV, aiming to evaluate the need for care protocol adjustments. Patients and Methods: The records of 68 boys with PUV who were treated at HCFMRP-USP between 1990 and 2015 have been reviewed. The data analyzed consisted of information regarding birth, age at referral, complementary exams, surgeries and clinical evolution. Results: There was a predominance of Caucasian (76.4%) and patients have been referred from region DRS XIII (82.4%). Most of the children have already been referred from other hospitals (80.8%), and some of them were already submitted to urinary diversion. Regarding the age of referral, 52.7% arrived after the first year of life, although the children were diagnosed before the first year of life in 70,6% of the cases. Prenatal ultrasound evaluation has been performed in 40 pregnant women (48.8%) and oligohydramnios was found in 16/40 (40,0%). Concerning the complementary exams for diagnosis and outpatient follow-up we highlighted excretory urography (16.2%), renal scintigraphy (70,6%) and renogram (29,4%). Voiding cistourethrography was performed in all patients. Regarding the main procedures, intrauterine vesico-amniotic shunt was performed in 3 patients, temporary drainage of urinary tract with vesical catheterization in 20, higher diversion in 4 patients, vesicostomy in 33, partial resection of the bladder neck in 9 and ablation during cystoscopy of the VUP in 67 patients. Ten patients were submitted to transplantation. Discussion and Conclusions: the results presented are comparable to those published in the literature by the best institutions regarding diagnosis, surgical procedures and patient evolution. What has become evident are the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of our country, where obtaining better therapeutic results stumbles on social and educational issues, requiring joint actions aimed continuing education and social organization. Proper prenatal examination, early diagnosis and early referral to institutions that can absorb these patients are crucial for the best clinical outcome. The minimum protocol of assistance should be disseminated to health professionals of different specialties in order to recognize the clinical picture. It is desirable to include, in the attendance protocol, laboratory tests with prognostic capabilities regarding evolution to chronic kidney disease.
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Vives, Patricia Silva. "Transposição uretral pré-púbica mediante secção peniana em cães. Estudo experimental e clínico." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11310.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESUrethral stenosis is still a challenge for urological surgeons even though there are several corrective techniques in humans. In veterinary medicine there are few alternatives, especially in dogs affected by extensive intra-pelvic lesions and the usual treatment in the clinical routine is prepubic urethrostomy, a procedure related to several complications. Before research aimed at describe an innovative surgical technique of prepubic urethral transposition to restore urinary flow interrupted by stenosis of extensive segments of the membranous urethra in adult male dogs. This study was developed in two stages that occurred concomitantly. In one of the stages, 18 adult male dogs from Hospital de Clínicas Veterinaria of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (HCV/UFPel) were used. The surgical technique consisted initially of orchiectomy, followed by celiotomy, transverse section of the penis in the pre-scrotal region and transposition into the abdominal cavity making anastomosis to the prostatic urethra. In this stage, the feasibility of the technique, surgical time, description of the anatomical planes discussed, pre and postoperative length of the urethra were evaluated, and then submitted to retrograde contrast-enhanced urethrocystography for evaluation of anastomosis effusion, urethral diameter and constriction in the anastomosis. In the other stage, the same surgical technique was applied to six male dogs treated at the HCV/UFPel, which were affected by extensive stenosis of the intra-pelvic urethra, with prepubic urethral transposition as an alternative to prepubic urethrostomy and genitalia ablation external. These six dogs were evaluated clinically and by urethrocystographies with intervals between seven and 48 XX months post-procedure, none of which presented voiding or stenosis images. It is concluded that the prepubic urethral transposition is a feasible technique in dogs, effective in maintaining the diameter and sealing of the anastomosis, giving a new urethral pathway to restore the urinary flow.
A estenose uretral ainda é um desafio para os cirurgiões urológicos ainda que existam diversas técnicas corretivas em humanos. Na medicina veterinária há poucas alternativas, principalmente em cães acometidos por lesões intrapélvicas extensas e o tratamento usual na rotina clínica é a uretrostomia pré-púbica, procedimento relacionado a diversas complicações. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor e descrever uma técnica cirúrgica inovadora de transposição uretral pré-púbica para restituir o fluxo urinário interrompido por estenose de segmentos extensos da uretra membranosa em cães machos adultos. Este estudo foi desenvolvido em duas etapas que ocorreram de forma concomitante. Em uma das etapas, utilizou-se 18 cadáveres de cães machos adultos oriundos do Hospital de Clínicas Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (HCV/UFPel), cuja técnica cirúrgica consistiu inicialmente pela orquiectomia, seguida de celiotomia retroumbilical, secção transversa do pênis na região pré-escrotal e transposição deste em direção à cavidade abdominal fazendo-se anastomose à uretra prostática. Nesta etapa avaliou-se a exequibilidade da técnica, tempo cirúrgico, descrição das estruturas anatômicas abordadas, comprimento pré e pós-operatório da uretra, a seguir, foram submetidos a uretrocistografia retrógrada com contraste positivo para avaliação de derrame na anastomose, diâmetro uretral e constrição na anastomose. Na outra etapa, a mesma técnica cirúrgica foi aplicada em seis cães machos atendidos no HCV/UFPel acometidos por estenose extensa da uretra intrapélvica, fazendo-se a transposição uretral pré-púbica como alternativa à uretrostomia pré-púbica e ablação da genitália externa. Os cães foram avaliados clinicamente e por uretrocistografias com intervalos entre sete e 48 meses após o procedimento, sendo que nenhum apresentou alteração do jato miccional ou imagens de estenose. Conclui-se que a transposição uretral pré-púbica é uma técnica exequível em cães, eficaz na manutenção diâmetro e no selamento da anastomose, conferindo um novo trajeto uretral para restituir o fluxo urinário.
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Price, David. "Evaluation of a Difficult Urinary Catheter Team in an Academic Medical Center." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5118.
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The placement of an indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) is a commonly performed clinical procedure which may become challenging for the clinician and painful for the patient. In response to urologic complications attributed to repeated failed IUC insertion attempts by nurses, a difficult urinary catheter (DUC) team program was launched in October 2012. The purpose of the doctoral project was to conduct a quality improvement evaluation of the effectiveness of the DUC team program using retrospective data from May 1, 2013 through May 31, 2017. Benner's novice to expert model was chosen as the theoretical framework to guide the additional training, critical thinking, problem-solving, and skill acquisition necessary for team member inclusion. The practice-focused question for the project answered whether DUC team nurses, through advanced training and demonstrated procedural competence, have been effective with DUC insertions. Sources of evidence included primary and secondary articles in peer-reviewed journals, as well as clinical evidence collected from internal sources. During the project time-line, 463 DUC team consultations were recorded with an insertion success rate of 89.6%. Based on the DUC team concept, additional didactic content and simulation training may be developed for other cognitive and skill-based clinical procedures. The implications for positive social change include improved patient safety and comfort, as well as cost savings for the organization and overall healthcare system.
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Júnior, Valtuir Duarte de Souza. "Telenfermagem na atenção a pacientes com bexiga neurogênica em uso do cateterismo urinário intermitente limpo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-07012015-154330/.
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A telenfermagem é a utilização dos recursos tecnológicos e dos sistemas de comunicação em prol do desenvolvimento da enfermagem. Vários países utilizam a telenfermagem na gestão de cuidados de saúde com resultados positivos. Na Enfermagem brasileira este é um campo a ser explorado, assim o objetivo desse trabalho foi de desenvolver estratégias de telenfermagem no atendimento a pacientes com bexiga neurogênica, usuários de cateterismo urinário intermitente limpo, atendidos em um centro de reabilitação de um hospital universitário. O estudo foi realizado em 3 etapas: etapa 1 - revisão integrativa da literatura para investigar na literatura a aplicação da telenfermagem; etapa 2 - elaboração e validação do protótipo de manual de telenfermagem para subsidiar o enfermeiro na implantação da intervenção de telenfermagem no atendimento ao paciente com bexiga neurogênica, usuário de cateterismo urinário intermitente limpo; etapa 3: estudo piloto sobre a implantação de intervenção de telenfermagem no atendimento ao paciente em uso de cateterismo urinário intermitente limpo. O manual de telenfermagem foi construído procurando contextualizar a telenfermagem no Brasil e no exterior, com seleção da teoria de Orem para direcionar o teleatendimento ao paciente, e um referencial sobre os cuidados para a realização de um teleatendimento. Descrição de recursos tecnológicos disponíveis que podem ser utilizados no teleatendimento, além de informações sobre os cuidados de saúde ao paciente com bexiga neurogênica e na realização do cateterismo urinário intermitente limpo. O manual foi validado em aparência e conteúdo por peritos com auxílio de um instrumento de avaliação. A intervenção de telenfermagem mostrou resultados importantes como forma de implementação do tratamento de saúde tradicional ao paciente, bem como evidenciou barreiras que precisam ser superadas para que esse tipo de atendimento seja realizado, como uma pesquisa efetiva com possibilidades de implementação posterior ao serviço de saúde. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva (frequência e porcentagem) com auxílio do programa SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science), versão 15.0. O nível de concordância entre os peritos foi considerado de 70% para cada aspecto do instrumento utilizadoTelenursing is the use of technological resources and communication systems for the development of nursing. A great number of countries employ telenursing on healthcare management with positive results, however, it is a field yet to be explored in Brazilian nursing. The aim of this study was to develop telenursing strategies in the care to patients with neurogenic bladder, users of clean intermittent urinary catheterization, treated in a university hospital rehabilitation center. The study was carried out in 3 stages: stage 1 - integrative literature review to research the application of telenursing; stage 2 - development and validation of a telenursing booklet prototype to support nurses in implementing telenursing intervention on care to patients with neurogenic bladder, users of clean intermittent urinary catheterization; stage 3 - pilot study on the application of telenursing intervention in care to patients using clean intermittent urinary catheterization. The telenursing booklet was developed to contextualize telenursing in Brazil and abroad, selecting Orem\'s theory to guide the telecare to the patient and a framework about the care needed to carry out telecare. Description of available technological resources that can be used in telecare, as well as information about healthcare to patients with neurogenic bladder and in the procedure of clean intermittent urinary catheterization. The booklet underwent face and content validation by experts with aid from an assessment instrument. Telenursing intervention showed important results as a way to implement the traditional health treatment to the patient, also pointing out barriers that must be overcome in order to perform this kind of treatment, such as an effective research with possibilities of subsequent implementation at the health service. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) software version 15.0. The level of concordance considered among the experts was of 70% for each aspect of the used instrument
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Fumincelli, Laís. "Qualidade de vida de pacientes e de cuidadores de pacientes com bexiga neurogênica em uso do cateterismo urinário intermitente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-13022017-201727/.
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Estudo multicêntrico, que teve como objetivo geral compreender as implicações do uso do cateterismo urinário intermitente na qualidade de vida (QV) de pacientes e de cuidadores de pacientes com bexiga neurogênica. Como objetivos específicos, identificar as evidências científicas sobre a QV desses pacientes e/ou cuidadores; caracterizar os pacientes; mensurar a sua QV; analisar as relações entre a QV dos pacientes e os aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e do uso do cateter urinário; identificar se realidades geopolíticas e socioculturais distintas interferem na QV dos pacientes; caracterizar os cuidadores e mensurar a sua QV; e analisar as relações entre a QV e os aspectos sociodemográficos e do cuidado. Seguidos os preceitos éticos, o estudo foi realizado com pacientes maiores de 18 anos, com diagnóstico de bexiga urinária neurogênica, usuários do cateterismo urinário intermitente, em um ambulatório de um centro de reabilitação de um Hospital Universitário no interior do estado de São Paulo, no Brasil, e em dois centros de reabilitação, na região central de Coimbra, em Portugal. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico, e um questionário de QV, já traduzido e validado no Brasil e em Portugal, chamado World Health Organization Quality Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref). Os cuidadores foram entrevistados no Brasil. Entre os cuidadores, foram incluídos os cuidadores que se corresponsabilizam com o procedimento. Foi utilizado um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e dos cuidados e WHOQOL-bref. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e uso de testes estatísticos com o uso do programa Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), versão 22 (Windows). Na amostra de pacientes, brasileiros (n=170) e portugueses (n=52), a maioria era de pessoas solteiras, com ensino fundamental e aposentadas. A lesão medular foi a principal causa do uso do cateter urinário nos dois países. O cateterismo urinário intermitente era realizado pela maioria dos pacientes em mais de quatro vezes ao dia e em um período superior a dez anos. Em relação à QV, os pacientes brasileiros apresentaram escores mais elevados de QV no domínio psicológico e menos elevados no domínio físico. Os pacientes portugueses apresentaram escores mais elevados no domínio psicológico e menos elevados no domínio ambiente. A realização do autocateterismo urinário intermitente para os dois países também foi estatisticamente significativa. Quanto aos cuidadores entrevistados, a maioria (n=74) era do gênero feminino, pessoas casadas e com ensino fundamental. Na análise da QV, os cuidadores apresentaram elevados escores no domínio ambiente e menor escore no domínio psicológico. A QV dos pacientes usuários de cateterismo urinário intermitente pode ser determinada pela melhora dos sintomas urinários, assim como independência, autoconfiança, relações sociais, acesso à atividades laborais e inserção social. Os cuidadores apresentam fragilidades em certos domínios de vida. Cabe aos profissionais de saúde a compreensão desse fenômeno para atuar junto a essa populaçãoMulticenter study, which aimed to understand the implications of the use of intermittent urinary catheterization on the quality of life (QoL) of patients and caregivers of patients with neurogenic urinary bladder. The specific objectives, identify the scientific evidence on the QoL of patients and/or caregivers; characterize the patients; measure their QoL; analyze the relations between QoL of patients and the sociodemographic, clinical and use of urinary catheter aspects; identify whether distinct geopolitical and socio-cultural realities can interfere on the QoL of patients; characterize caregivers and measure their QoL; and analyze the relations between QoL and sociodemographic and care aspects. Followed the ethical precepts, the study was conducted with patients older than 18 years, diagnosed with neurogenic urinary bladder, intermittent urinary catheterization users, at outpatient clinic of a rehabilitation center in the University Hospital in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and two rehabilitation centers in central region of Coimbra, Portugal. To collect data, a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire was used, and a QoL questionnaire, translated and validated in Brazil and Portugal, World Health Organization Quality Life-BREF (WHOQOL-bref). The caregivers were interviewed in Brazil. Among the caregivers, were included those were responsible by the procedure. A questionnaire regarding to sociodemographic and care and WHOQOL-bref were used. The data were assessed by means of descriptive statistics and statistical tests using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 (Windows). Of the Brazilian (n = 170) and Portuguese (n = 52) patients, most were single people, elementary school and retired. Spinal cord injury was the main cause of urinary catheter use in both countries. Most patients performed intermittent urinary catheterization over four times a day and for a period of ten years. Regarding QoL, Brazilian patients had higher scores of QoL in the psychological domain and less in the physical domain. The Portuguese patients had higher scores in the psychological domain and less environment domain. The realization of intermittent urinary catheterization for the two countries was also statistically significant. As for the caregivers interviewed, the majority (n = 74) were female, married people and elementary school. In the analysis of QoL, caregivers showed high scores in the environment domain and lowest score in the psychological domain. QoL of users of intermittent urinary catheterization can be determined by improvement of urinary symptoms, as well as independence, self-confidence, social relations, access to employment and social inclusion activities. The caregivers have fragilities in certain areas of their life. The health professionals should understand this phenomenon and working with this population
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MORAIS, Múcio Veloso de. "Estudo clínico-epidemiológico da urolitíase obstrutiva em caprinos e ovinos." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2012. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5796.
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The present work aimed to conduct a study of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data of 62 sheep and goats from 2001 up to 2011. During this period, it was found that the disease was predominant in sheep with 83.7% of the animals, while for the caprine, it occurred in 16.3%. The most predominant races in sheep were the Santa Ines, in ovine with 71.7% and SRD, in caprine, with 33.33%. There was a predominance in animals less than three years old. In both species, the highest occurrence was found in the dry season with 67.9%. Most animals (75.8%) were kept under intensive farming, with a diet based on concentrate and forage (88.7%) and 85.5% received mineral supplementation. The predominant clinical signs were apathy, pain, dehydration, conjunctive hyperemic mucosa, tachycardia, tachypnea, anorexia, dysuria and anuria. The mortality rate was very high with 40.3% of the animals dying and 16.1% being sacrificed. In the haemogram, leukocytosis was observed with regenerative deviation to the left in goats, and hyperfibrinogenemia. In serum biochemistry, increased urea and creatinine was found which led the animals to a perspective of azotenia and increase of GGT and CK enzymes. The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, were beyond the normal patterns for the species with low Ca and high P and Mg levels. The findings of urinalysis revealed hematuria in 72.2% of animals with acid pH of urine (44.4%) as well as alkaline (55.56%). In the sedimentoscopy, erythrocytes predominated in 66.6% of the samples, epithelial cells in 66.6% of the samples and crystals of various compositions. Regarding the composition of urolites, it was found that 62.5% was oxalate, 8.32% phosphate and 8.33% penicillin. In the conclusion of this study, it was observed that the obstructive urolithiasis is a disease of poor prognosis and can lead to loss of valuable livestock animals, and therefore, serious losses in production.
Considerando-se a importância clínica e econômica da urolitíase obstrutiva para a produção de pequenos ruminantes, objetivou-se desenvolver um estudo dessa enfermidade em caprinos e ovinos. Para tanto, utilizou-se dados dos prontuários de 62 animais atendidos no período de 2001 a 2011, considerando-se variáveis epidemiológicas, clínicas, urinálise, hemograma, funções hepática, renal e muscular, glicose, perfil sérico de cálcio, fósforo e magnésio, além da análise da composição química dos urólitos, compondo o estudo descritivo. A urolitíase obstrutiva observada em 5,1% dos animais estudados. A espécie ovina foi a mais acometida, assim como as raças Santa Inês e Dorper. A maior ocorrência da doença se deu em animais com menos de três anos, no período seco, criados sob regime intensivo, cuja dieta era a base de concentrados (ad libitum) e forragem. Dos acometidos 43,6% receberam alta, 40,3% foram a óbito e 16,1% foram eutanaziados. Dentre os achados clínicos mais frequentes observou-se alterações da micção; desidratação; congestão das mucosas conjuntivas; sinais de dor; diminuição ou ausência de motilidade ruminal; taquicardia; alterações do comportamento e do apetite e; taquipnéia. Nos exames laboratoriais observou-se leucocitose com desvio à esquerda regenerativo nos caprinos, hiperfibrinogemia, valores da creatinina e da uréia elevados, enzimas GGT e CK também elevadas, hiperglicemia e, níveis de Ca, P e Mg desbalanceados. A urina apresentou-se turva, com hematúria, proteinúria, acidúria e alcalinúria, além de baixa densidade. No tocante a sedimentoscopia observou-se o aumento de hemácias e leucócitos, células do epitélio uretral e renal, além de bactérias. Houve predominância de oxalato na composição dos urólitos, porém 8,33% dos urólitos eram compostos de penicilina. A urolitíase obstrutiva acomete mais animais confinados, alimentados com dietas desbalanceadas a base de concentrado. Os exames laboratoriais mostraram ser importantes para o diagnóstico de urolitíase obstrutiva.
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Florindo, Josefa Raquel Araújo. "Estudo comparativo das características de sémen fresco de gatos domésticos, recolhido por cateterização uretral e a partir do epidídimo, utilizando dois protocolos anestésicos diferentes." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3396.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaA colheita de sémen permite a aquisição de material genético para uso na clínica reprodutiva, na biotecnologia da reprodução e na investigação e constitui uma das principais dificuldades na espécie felina não sendo ainda utilizada por rotina na prática clínica. Nos gatos, as técnicas de colheita de sémen mais frequentemente utilizadas são a vagina artificial e a electroejaculação. A recolha de sémen a partir da cauda do epidídimo representa uma alternativa prática quando não existe acesso ao equipamento para a realização dos dois métodos anteriormente descritos. Recentemente, foi descrita uma nova técnica de colheita de sémen em gatos por cateterização uretral, sem recurso à estimulação eléctrica, após administração de medetomidina. Esta técnica contorna várias das dificuldades e permite obter sémen de boa qualidade. Foi objectivo deste estudo, comparar as características do sémen fresco de gatos domésticos obtido por cateterização uretral e a partir do epidídimo e verificar qual a influência de dois protocolos anestésicos nos parâmetros: mobilidade total, mobilidade progressiva e morfologia. Conclui-se que independentemente da técnica de colheita de sémen, por cateterização uretral ou a partir do epidídimo, ou do protocolo anestésico utilizado, medetomidina isolada ou em associação com a cetamina, os valores obtidos para a mobilidade total, mobilidade progressiva e morfologia são semelhantes, não sendo significativas as diferenças observadas.
ABSTRACT - Comparative study of the characteristics of fresh semen of domestic cats, collected by urethral catheterization and from the epididymis, using two different anesthetic protocols - The collection of cat’s semen allows the acquisition of genetic material for use in reproductive clinic, breeding biotechnologies and research. This procedure constitutes one of the main difficulties in felines and is not yet routinely used in clinical practice. In cats, the most commonly used techniques of semen collection are the artificial vagina and electroejaculation. The retrieval of epididymal semen from the cauda epididymis represents a practical alternative to the two methods described above. Recently, there was a new technique described for semen collection in cats through urethral catheterization, without resorting to electrical stimulation and following the administration of medetomidine. This technique bypasses many of the difficulties and allows for good quality semen collection. The objective of this study was to compare the characteristics of domestic cat’s fresh semen obtained by urethral catheterization and from the epididymis, as well as to analyze the influence of two anesthetic protocols in the following parameters: total mobility, progressive mobility and morphology. It was concluded that regardless the harvesting technique or the anesthetic protocol used, the results for total mobility, progressive mobility and morphology were similar, and no significant differences were observed.
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Oliveira, Ananda Stéfani Silva de. "Avaliação de conteúdos e acessos em tecnologia educativa para orientação do cateterismo intermitente limpo." Botucatu, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192187.
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Orientador: Marla Andréia Garcia de AvilaResumo: Trata-se do levantamento de vídeos sobre o cateterismo intermitente limpo no YouTube e avaliação dos acessos de conteúdos voltados do website Cateterismo Digital nas redes sociais. Estudo metodológico dividido em duas etapas com abordagem quantitativa e descritiva para avaliar os conteúdos existentes no YouTube que abordam o cateterismo intermitente limpo e na segunda etapa avaliar os acessos de tecnologias educativas disponibilizadas em redes sociais acerca da temática. Na primeira etapa a amostra constituiu-se por 07 vídeos que descreviam a técnica do cateterismo intermitente limpo com disponibilização gratuita no YouTube. O material foi avaliado por enfermeiros baseado nas recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia. A segunda etapa constituiu-se pela avaliação dos acessos das redes sociais Cateterismo Digital, sendo o YouTube a rede social com maior média de visitas ao perfil e impressão de conteúdos. De acordo a avaliação dos acessos das redes sociais Cateterismo Digital pode concluir que os perfis responderam positivamente às expectativas de divulgação dos conteúdos do website aos usuários. Nesse contexto, é importante considerar o potencial que as redes sociais desenvolvidas por profissionais de saúde apresentam como ferramentas tecnológicas educativas, podem ser utilizadas tanto pelos usuários quanto por demais profissionais para nortear a busca por informações seguras online colaborando com a promoção da saúde.
Abstract: This involves surveying videos about clean intermittent catheterization on YouTube and evaluating access to content on the Cateterismo Digital website on social networks. Methodological study divided into two stages with a quantitative and descriptive approach to evaluate the existing content on YouTube that address clean intermittent catheterization and in the second stage to assess the access of educational technologies available on social networks on the subject. In the first stage, the sample consisted of 07 videos that described the technique of clean intermittent catheterization with free availability on YouTube. The material was evaluated by nurses based on the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Urology. The second stage consisted of assessing the accesses of the social networks Cateterismo Digital, with YouTube being the social network with the highest average number of visits to the profile and content printing. According to the evaluation of the accesses of the social networks Cateterismo Digital can conclude that the profiles responded positively to the expectations of disclosing the contents of the website to users. In this context, it is important to consider the potential that social networks developed by health professionals present as educational technological tools, which can be used by both users and other professionals to guide the search for safe information online, collaborating with health promotion.
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Dinallo, Heloíse Rangel. "Perfil das proteínas de fase aguda em gatos com doença do trato urinário inferior obstrutiva." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/191153.
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Orientador: Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães OkamotoResumo: A doença do trato urinário inferior em felinos (DTUIF) apresenta diversos fatores etiológicos, sendo a forma obstrutiva a mais grave. As proteínas de fase aguda (PFAs) são biomarcadores utilizados para avaliar processos inflamatórios sistêmicos. A Alfa-1 Glicoproteína Ácida e o Amilóide A Sérico são PFAs positivas e major, o fibrinogênio é PFA minor e a albumina é negativa em gatos. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar as concentrações séricas das proteínas de fase aguda, Amilóide A sérico, Alfa-1 Glicoproteína Ácida, fibrinogênio e albumina e utilizá-las como biomarcadores de inflamação no monitoramento do processo inflamatório de gatos com doença do trato urinário inferior obstrutiva. Foram avaliados 25 gatos, machos, sem predileção de raça e idade, divididos em dois grupos experimentais, GC - grupo controle com oito gatos hígidos e GO - grupo obstruído com 17 gatos diagnosticados com DTUIF obstrutiva. Foram coletadas amostras para determinação das PFAs, bioquímica sérica, urinálise e UP/C nos M0, M12, M24 e M48 no GO e no GC somente no primeiro momento. As determinações das PFAs foram realizadas com os kits de ELISA para SAA, Kit Cat Serum Amyloid A Elisa (LIFE-SAA-8) e AGP, Kit Cat Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein Elisa (LIFE-AGP-8), ambos marca: Life Diagnostics®. No M0 houve correlações positivas de SAA, AGP e fibrinogênio com ureia e creatinina e correlação negativa de albumina com hematúria, SAA e potássio. No M48, houve correlações positivas entre SAA e AGP, AGP e ureia, fi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD) presents several etiologic factors, with the obstructive form representing the most severe. The acute phase proteins (APPs) are biomarkers used to evaluate systemic inflammatory processes. In cats, Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein and Serum Amyloid A are major positive APPs, fibrinogen is a minor APP and albumin is a negative APP. This study aims at determining the serum concentrations of acute phase proteins Serum Amyloid A, Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein, fibrinogen and albumin, in addition of using them as biomarkers of inflammation during the monitoring of the inflammatory processes of cats with obstructive feline lower urinary tract disease. A total of 25 male cats were recruited for the study irrespective of breed and age, and were divided into two experimental groups: the control group (CG), comprised of eight healthy cats; and the obstruction group (OG), comprised of 17 cats diagnosed with obstructive FLUTD. Samples were collected for APP analysis, serum biochemical assay, urinalysis and UP/C determination at M0, M12, M24 and M48 in the OG, and at M0 in the CG. The concentrations of the APPs were determined using commercially-available ELISA kits for SAA (Kit Cat Serum Amyloid A Elisa, LIFE-SAA-8) and AGP (Kit Cat Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein Elisa, LIFE-AGP-8) (Life Diagnostics®). At M0, there were positive correlations of SAA, AGP and fibrinogen with urea and creatinine, as well as negative correlations between albumin and hematuria, ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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