Academic literature on the topic 'Ureter MRI'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ureter MRI"
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Grbic, Dragan, Dimitrije Jeremic, Sasa Vojinov, Milan Popov, and Goran Marusic. "Renal dysplasia with the ipsilateral ectopic ureter mimicking abscess of the prostate." Vojnosanitetski pregled 71, no. 2 (2014): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1402211g.
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Introduction. In males the ectopic ureter usualy drains into the prostate (50%). During ureteric developement a thin membrane (Chawalla?s membrane) separates the lumen of the ureter and the urogenital sinus at the point where the ureter joins the urogenital sinus. This membrane ruptures allowing urin to drain from the ureter to the urogenital sinus. The authors reported a case of renal dysplasia associated with ipsilateral uretral ectopia mimicking prostatic abscess. Case report. A subfebrile (37.3?C), 23-year-old patient, otherwise healthy, presented with persistent ascending perineal pain non-responsive to antibiotics and analgetics. Digitorectal examination (DRE) showed asymmetric prostate with a soft, tender, buldging left lobe suggestive of prostatic abscess. The diagnosis was suspected using transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), but the picture of the anechoic tubular structure in the left lobe of the prostate with a proximal undefined extraprostatic extension and a caudal intraprostatic blind end was incoclusive for the definitive diagnosis of prostatic abscess. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was ordered and definitive diagnosis of renal dysplasia associated with the ipsilateral ectopic ureter filled with inflamed content mimicking prostatic abscess was made. Transurethral incision/minimal resection of the distal, blindly closed end of left ectopic ureter was done. Endoscopic surgical treatment was sufficient for relief of clinical symptoms. The patient?s recovery was uneventful. Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, a case of renal dysplasia with the ipsilateral ectopic ureter mimicking prostate abscess has not been reported so far. Cystic pelvic malformations in males may result from too craniall sprouting of the ureteral bud, with delayed absorption and ectopic opening of the distal end of the ureter.
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Venyo, Anthony Kodzo-Grey. "Endometriosis of the Urinary Bladder and Ureter: A Review and Update of the Literature." Journal of Clinical and Translational Urology 1, no. 1 (July 29, 2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33702/jctu.2019.1.1.1.
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Endometriosis of the urinary bladder and / or ureter are diseases that may occur alone or in association with endometriosis elsewhere in the pelvis or other sites of the body in women between the 2nd decades of life and the fifth decades of their lives typically in women who are menstruating but endometriosis of urinary bladder may occur / present in post-menopausal women on very rare occasions or in women with a past history of treatment for endometriosis elsewhere. Endometriosis of the urinary bladder and / or endometriosis of the ureter are uncommon diseases which tend to be reported sporadically globally. Endometriosis of the urinary bladder and / or ureter may be asymptomatic in some patients but other cases of endometriosis of the urinary bladder / and or ureter tend to present with non-specific symptoms including: suprapubic pain, urinary frequency and urgency, loin pain, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhoea, cyclical dysuria, and other non-specific symptoms including loin pain and infertility. A high-index of suspicion is required in order to diagnose the disease early with utilization of (a) various radiology imaging including ultrasound scan of pelvis and urinary tract, computed tomography scan of pelvis and urinary tract, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI scan of pelvis and renal tract, (b) laparoscopy and biopsy of the endometriosis lesion for histopathology examination including immunohistochemistry studies of the specimen, (c) cystoscopy examination for further assessment. Diagnosis of endometriosis of the urinary bladder and / or ureter tends to be confirmed by pathology examination finding of endometrial glands and stroma in the excised or biopsy specimen and immunohistochemistry staining studies tend to exhibit the following features: (a) the endometrial stromal cells of endometriosis tend to stain positively upon immunohistochemistry staining for CD 10; (b) the glandular component of endometriosis does exhibit positive nuclear staining for p63; (c) the glandular component of endometriosis also stains positively for: CK7, ER oestrogen receptor, PR progesterone receptor; (d) endometriosis specimens also usually stain positively for: CA125. Treatment for endometriosis of bladder and or ureter could be conservative with inclusion of hormonal treatment, pain relief, and medications to reduce urinary bladder symptoms and this tends to be effective in many cases but recurrences tend to be higher in most cases in comparison with surgical treatment. Some of the surgical treatment for endometriosis of urinary bladder includes partial cystectomy ensuring completed excision of the endometriosis lesion or submucosal excision of the urinary bladder endometriosis lesion but leaving an intact urinary bladder mucosa. Surgical treatment of endometriosis of the ureter tend to involve (a) complete excision of the endometriosis segment of the ureter and end-to end ureteric anastomosis, or excision of the endometriotic ureter segment with either Boari-flap ureteric anastomosis to the urinary bladder or Psoas hitch anastomosis. Complication may occur following various treatment options adopted for the disease of the ureter and urinary bladder including recurrence, urinary urgency and urge incontinence, urinary stress incontinence, ureteric stenosis / stricture, vesico-ureteric reflux and these complications need to be treated and a long-period of follow-up would be required in order to also diagnose the late complications of the disease. Surgical excision surgery in the developed countries tend to be undertaken by the laparoscopic technique but in the developing countries that do not have facilities for laparoscopic surgery the open technique would tend to be adopted for all surgical treatment options of the disease.
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Chowdhury, Md Shafiqul Alam, Md Mostafizur Rahman, Uttam Karmaker, Md Towhid Belal, and Md Humayun Kabir Bhuiyun. "Retrocaval Ureter A Case Report." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 23, no. 2 (October 23, 2015): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i2.25401.
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Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital urologic anomaly. It occurs due to the persistence of the right subcardinal veins during embryologic development. Its presence should be suspected with the finding of a characteristic S-shaped deformity on intravenous or retrograde pyelography. Today, a definitive diagnosis can be made noninvasively using multi-slice CT imaging or MRI. Intervention is indicated in the presence of functionally significant obstruction leading to pain or renal function deterioration.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.2, October, 2014, Page 259-261
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Wang, Feng, Keiko Takahashi, Hua Li, Zhongliang Zu, Ke Li, Junzhong Xu, Raymond C. Harris, Takamune Takahashi, and John C. Gore. "Assessment of unilateral ureter obstruction with multi‐parametric MRI." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 79, no. 4 (July 24, 2017): 2216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.26849.
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Liu, Hang, Liang Ren, Bohan Fan, Wei Wang, Xiaopeng Hu, and Xiaodong Zhang. "Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based MRI in the Diagnosis of Complications after Renal Transplantation." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022 (August 16, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8930584.
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This study was to explore the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) optimized by residual segmentation attention dual channel network (DRSA-U-Net) in the diagnosis of complications after renal transplantation and to provide a more effective examination method for clinic. 89 patients with renal transplantation were selected retrospectively, and all underwent MRI. The patients were divided into control group (conventional MRI image diagnosis) and observation group (MRI image diagnosis based on DRSA-U-Net). The accuracy of MRI images in the two groups was evaluated according to the comprehensive diagnostic results. The root mean square error (RMSE) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of DRSA-U-Net on T1WI and T2WI sequences were better than those of U-Net and dense U-Net P < 0.05 ; comprehensive examination showed that 39 patients had obstruction between ureter and bladder anastomosis, 13 cases had rejection, 10 cases had perirenal hematoma, 5 cases had renal infarction, and 22 cases had no complications; the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and consistency of the observation group were higher than those of the control group P < 0.05 . In the control group, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the diagnosis of complications after renal transplantation were 66.5%, 84.1%, and 78.32%, respectively; in the observation group, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the diagnosis were 67.8%, 86.7%, and 80.6%, respectively. DRSA-U-Net denoising algorithm can clearly display the information of MRI images on the kidney, ureter, and surrounding tissues, improve its diagnostic accuracy in complications after renal transplantation, and has good clinical application value.
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Kotlyarov, P. M., N. I. Sergeev, S. P. Aksenova, and V. A. Solodky. "Clinical and diagnostic observation of transitional cell carcinoma recurrence in the ureteral stump: a case report." Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy 13, no. 3 (October 19, 2022): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2079-5343-2022-13-3-115-123.
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Urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract is quite rare and accounts for 5–10% of all cases of urothelial cancer. Radiation research methods, primarily computer and magnetic resonance imaging, are leading in monitoring and detecting recurrence after surgery on the organs of the urinary system. A rare clinical case of recurrence of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in the ureteral stump is presented. The article, with an emphasis on radiodiagnosis, outlines a step-by-step follow-up of a patient with primary cancer of the upper third of the ureter (рT2N0M0), who was hospitalized in the city clinical hospital for pain in the right lumbar region. During dynamic contrast enhancement multiparametric MRI, a recurrence of the disease was established with a lesion of the non-removed stump of the right ureter. Semiotic MR signs of recurrence of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract are described. The recurrent tumor of the ureteral stump was characterized by a moderate hyperintense T2WI MR signal and an isointense T1WI MR signal. Our data indicate lower ADC values in the tumor when measured by a large ROI (937 mm2, versus 796 mm2 ROI with a small size). The dynamic contrast enhancement performed in our study showed intensive accumulation of the contrast by the recurrent tumor.
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Anthony Kodzo-Grey Venyo. "Leiomyoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Review and Update." Journal of Clinical and Translational Urology 1, no. 1 (November 13, 2019): 82–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33702/jctu.2019.1.1.5.
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Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder / leiomyoma of the ureter is a very rare benign tumour of smooth muscle origin which has been reported sporadically globally. Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder/ureter may be diagnosed incidentally during investigation of various conditions including infertility and hepatitis. Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder / ureter may manifest in female as well as in a male patient with non-specific symptoms including lower urinary tract symptoms / retention of urine, haematuria, loin pain/discomfort, urinary tract infections and cystitis. The general and systematic examinations may be normal but at times there may be a palpable mass within the area of the urinary bladder on bimanual examination but not always. There may occasionally be tenderness in the loin. The results of routine haematology and biochemistry blood tests would generally tend to be normal but there may be anaemia and impairment of renal function some cases of visible haematuria and obstruction of the ureter respectively. Ultrasound scan would tend to illustrate a well-circumscribed polypoidal soft tissue mass projecting into the urinary bladder or within the intramural area of the bladder. Intravenous urography would show a filling defect in the urinary bladder. CT and MRI scans of abdomen and pelvis with contrast would show a well-defined round mass in the area of the bladder which could be iso-tense to skeletal muscles on T1 and T2 weighted images and occasionally may show cystic areas of necrosis. Cystoscopy would show the lesion projecting into the urinary bladder at the specific area of the urinary bladder involved and at times the projecting lesion would be covered by normal looking urothelial mucosa and on other occasions when the lesion is large and in the area of a ureteric orifice the specific ureteric orifice would not be visualized. Diagnosis of leiomyoma of the urinary bladder / ureter would be confirmed upon histopathology and immunohistochemistry study features of trans urethral resection biopsies of the lesion which would tend to show smooth muscle spindled-cells with no evidence of atypia, or necrosis, or haemorrhage and associated with a low Ki67 index. Trans-urethral resection of the urinary bladder lesion tends to be undertaken for small to medium sized lesions with good outcome but this tends to be associated with about 18% recurrence rate that would require further resections or surgical excision to ensure complete removal of the lesion and no further recurrences. Surgical excision of the lesion including partial cystectomy, local excision / enucleation have been very effective for the treatment of larger leiomyomas with no reported recurrence so far; nevertheless, patients who undergo augmentation cystoplasty or total cystectomy and urinary diversion would need to cope with the functional problems related to the cystoplasty or urinary diversion. Differential diagnoses of leiomyoma of the urinary bladder / ureter include leiomyosarcoma, urothelial carcinoma and other malignant lesions affecting the urinary bladder. There is need for clinicians to explore minimal invasive surgery to treat patients who have leiomyoma of the bladder / ureter especially those who have multiple co-morbidities and the alterative management options that could be undertaken in multi-centre trials include: Cryotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, irreversible electroporation, high frequency ultrasound treatment and super-selective embolization of the arterial branch supplying the leiomyoma. Patients who develop ureteric obstructions would additionally require nephrostomy insertions or insertion of ureteric stents as a temporary measure to improve their renal functions.
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Kim, Myung Joon, Joon Seok Lim, Choon Sik Yoon, and Sang Won Han. "MRI for the Detection of Ureteral Opening and Ipsilateral Kidney in Children with Single Ectopic Ureter." Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 40, no. 6 (1999): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/jkrs.1999.40.6.1217.
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Fuyong, Jiao. "Analysis of 3 Cases of Refractory Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Enterococcus Faecium and Literature Review." Global Journal of Pediatrics (GJP) 01, no. 2 (August 21, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54026/gjp/1009.
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Objective: To explore the clinical features, drug resistance, treatment and prognosis of refractory urinary tract infection caused by Enterococcus faecium infection. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 3 cases of Enterococcus faecium infection admitted to the Children’s Hospital of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019, And the clinical manifestations of refractory urinary tract infections caused by it, routine laboratory examinations, mid-stage urine culture and drug sensitivity, urinary ultrasound, magnetic resonance (or CT) examination, treatment process and prognosis, and search and review relevant literature. Result: The three children in this group were all women, aged 5 years, 2 months, 9 years and 11 years old. One case had renal abscess, one case had acute pyelonephritis, and one case had bladder-ureteritis. Clinical features: 2 cases had fever with a temperature of 38-39.5°C, and children with renal abscess were accompanied by chills; 2 cases had frequent urination, dysuria, and urethral irritation; 1 case of 5-year-old child had only transient urinary retention, All 3 cases were treated with conventional antibiotics orally and intravenously outside the hospital. During the course of 2 cases, the leukocytes were more than 25×109/L, 3 cases had neutrophils above 70%, CRP was high, and 3 cases of mid-stage urine culture were Enterococcus faecium;2 cases were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid, Others are resistant.3 cases had negative blood cultures, 1 case of urinary B-mode ultrasound had a thicker bladder wall, and a slightly thicker wall in the lower right ureter. Considering the inflammatory changes, 1 case had left hydronephrosis and 1 case had left kidney urinary salt crystals. MRI plain scan of both kidneys and ureters + MRU showed: 1 case had a thicker bladder wall, and the wall of the lower ureter was slightly thickened, considering the inflammatory changes. One case had a slight dilation of the upper left ureter and the renal pelvis and calyces. 1 case of CT enhanced scan + CTU showed: 1. Left nodular superior nodules and strip low-density shadow, considering the repeated deformity of the left renal pelvis and ureter with dilation of the ureter (upper renal pelvis is small, hypoplasia); [2]. Abnormal strengthening of the left kidney and a slight thickening of the fascia around the kidney; consider pyelonephritis with abscess formation or cystic lesions. 3. Mild water accumulation in the left kidney and upper middle ureter [4]. There are multiple lymph nodes in the retro peritoneum and the left side of the spine, and some are swollen. Treatment 3 cases were initially ineffective with three generations of cephalosporins, and 2 cases had obvious effect of intravenous infusion of vancomycin based on drug sensitivity. After 7-10 days of treatment, cefepime was changed for consolidation treatment and cured. One case of meropenem treatment improved. Three cases were followed up for 1 year without recurrence. 1 case relapsed 20 days after discharge, intravenous infusion of cefepime for 17 days, and nitrofurantoin was taken preventively for 2 weeks before relapse. Conclusion: Most of the urinary tract infections caused by Enterococcus faecium infections are refractory upper urinary tract infections, which have many complications, timely and mid-stage urine culture, and urinary tract B ultrasound. Magnetic resonance imaging and hydrography of both kidneys and ureters play an important role in the diagnosis of complications. High drug resistance, timely adjustment of treatment according to drug susceptibility, selection of effective drugs is very important, given a sufficient course of treatment, can improve the prognosis.
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Rodríguez-López, J., D. Ling, A. Keller, H. Kim, A. Mojica-Márquez, S. Glaser, and S. Beriwal. "OC-0058 Does dose to the ureter predict for ureteral stenosis? - Analysis of 3D MRI-based brachytherapy." Radiotherapy and Oncology 158 (May 2021): S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06291-5.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Ureter MRI"
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SPEDIACCI, CARLOTTA. "INNOVATIVE IMAGING OF URINARY SYSTEM IN CANINE AND FELINE PATIENTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2434/951201.
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Diseases of the urinary system are regularly encountered in daily veterinary practice. The development of increasingly efficient diagnostic tools is crucial to meet the high-quality requirements of contemporary professional standards.
This project had many purposes, aiming to describe pioneering methods, protocols and diagnosis related to imaging of ureters and urinary bladder, chosen as they represent daily diagnostic challenges in daily routine practice.
This project consisted of three papers: the first paper is a prospective pilot project concerning quantitative CEUS exam applied to distinguish neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladder in small animals; the second paper is a multicentric retrospective observational project describing the CT appearance of a novel CVC congenital malformation; the third paper is a retrospective study conducted on canine healthy patients, aimed at assessing the visibility of the ureters on high field MR on T1 and T2 sequences avoiding the use of paramagnetic contrast agents.
The results of this project allowed to obtain objectifiable parameters for the distinction of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of urinary bladder using quantitative CEUS; we also described the CT appearance of the transcaval ureter, a malfomaration of the CVC never described in veterinary medicine; finally, we described the feasibility of evaluation of normal ureters through high-field MR on T2-weighted sequences, in healthy canine patients.
In conclusion, this project allowed to describe new diseases that could affect urinary tract function and contributes to the development of new methods and protocols with the potential to reduce the invasiveness of certain diagnostic procedures related to the urinary tract.
Books on the topic "Ureter MRI"
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Turney, Ben, and John Reynard. Ureteric stones. Edited by John Reynard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0025.
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This chapter summarizes the variety of ways in which ureteric stones can present together with non-radiological and radiological diagnostic tests used to identify them. Ureteric stones classically present with sudden onset, severe loin pain with or without radiation to the groin, testis, or labia majora. The urgent desire to pass urine, combined with increased urinary frequency and the passage of small voided volumes of urine is suggestive of a vesicoureteric junction stone. Haematuria as a presenting symptom of a ureteric stone is rare. Magnetic resonance (MR) urography is an accurate imaging test for identifying ureteric stones. However, at the present time, cost, restricted availability and limited experience in interpretation of the images by radiologists and urologists limit its usefulness as a routine diagnostic method of imaging in cases of acute flank pain.
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Kawashima, Akira, and Andrew J. LeRoy. Plain radiography, excretion radiography, and contrast radiography. Edited by Michael Weston. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0137.
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Radiology is an integral component in the evaluation of the urinary tract. Plain radiography is both a primary abdominal examination technique and an initial component of subsequent excretion and contrast radiographic studies. Excretion radiography is performed by means of antegrade opacification of the renal collecting systems, ureters, and bladder following IV contrast administration. Contrast radiography is obtained following direct injection of contrast media into the urinary tracts in an antegrade or retrograde fashion. Although ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are increasingly used to compensate for the limitations of excretion radiography, conventional urographic examinations remain important in the diagnosis of some urinary tract conditions.
Book chapters on the topic "Ureter MRI"
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Tutman, Jeffrey J., Edward Y. Lee, Abdusamea Shabani, and Harriet J. Paltiel. "Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder." In Pediatric Body MRI, 327–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31989-2_13.
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Brown, Michèle A., Lara B. Eisenberg, and Richard C. Semelka. "Female urethra and vagina." In Abdominal-Pelvic MRI, 1193–212. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119012979.ch13.
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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 8.25." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 418. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0221.
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68-year-old woman with microhematuria Coronal oblique arterial phase 3D SPGR images from MR urography (Figure 8.25.1) demonstrate soft tissue thickening surrounding the renal pelvis and proximal ureter, with mild hydronephrosis and hydroureter. Periureteral lymphoma Involvement of the GU system by non-Hodgkin lymphoma is not infrequent, and the kidneys are most often affected. Ureteral lymphoma generally occurs as a result of contiguous spread from adjacent retroperitoneal nodes or from the kidney. This case is unusual in that ureteral involvement was the primary manifestation of the disease....
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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 8.18." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 405–6. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0214.
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25-year-old man with 3-year history of gross hematuria Axial (Figure 8.18.1) and coronal (Figure 8.18.2) fat-suppressed FSE T2-weighted images show a large frondlike mass in the posterior left bladder. Note the dilated distal left ureter on the coronal image. Axial postgadolinium 2D SPGR images (...
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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 8.19." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 407–8. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0215.
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75-year-old man with history of gross hematuria Axial fat-suppressed FSE T2-weighted images (Figure 8.19.1) show a mass in the bladder posteriorly near the right ureterovesical junction with mild increased signal intensity obstructing the distal right ureter. Arterial phase and 10-minute delayed postgadolinium coronal 3D SPGR images from an MR urogram (...
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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 8.22." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 412–13. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0218.
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62-year-old man with previous radical cystectomy and neobladder formation for urothelial cell carcinoma Coronal oblique arterial phase 3D SPGR images from gadolinium MR urography (Figure 8.22.1) demonstrate multiple enhancing nodules in the distal ureter, as well as a small nodule in the renal pelvis. These lesions appear as filling defects on 10-minute delayed images (...
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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 8.23." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 414–15. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0219.
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73-year-old man presenting for surveillance examination 9 months following cystectomy for an invasive urothelial tumor Coronal oblique arterial phase (Figure 8.23.1) and excretory phase (Figure 8.23.2) postgadolinium 3D SPGR images from gadolinium MR urography show marked periureteral peripelvic soft tissue thickening and mild enhancement involving the left kidney and proximal ureter, with mild associated hydronephrosis. Bilateral nephroureteral stents are present and can be perceived faintly on the excretory phase image. Note also the right renal cysts and a small filling defect in a left lower pole calyx; this was a small calculus....
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Abdelsattar, Jad M., Moustafa M. El Khatib, T. K. Pandian, Samuel J. Allen, and David R. Farley. "Spleen." In Mayo Clinic General Surgery, 217–28. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190650506.003.0016.
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The spleen develops from mesoderm during the fifth week of gestation. Eighty-five percent of humans have 1 spleen, and 15% have accessory spleens. The spleen cleans the blood by trapping and breaking down dysfunctional or old red blood cells. Splenic problems most commonly arise with trauma, lymphoma, benign cysts, and hematologic disorders. Surgeons evaluate the spleen using plain radiography (CXR; kidney, ureter, bladder), CT, MRI, angiography, and nuclear studies. Open splenectomy for trauma or splenomegaly is at times dangerous and difficult with the need for speed, blood transfusion, and hemodynamic support. Potential early postoperative complications include abscess, pancreatic injury, pneumonia, and wound infection.
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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 8.3." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 377–78. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0199.
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80-year-old woman with dysuria and urinary retention Axial fat-suppressed FSE T2-weighted image (Figure 8.3.1) and coronal (Figure 8.3.2) and sagittal (Figure 8.3.3) FSE T2-weighted images demonstrate a large, lobulated periurethral cystic lesion adjacent to the posterior lateral margin of the urethra and slightly displacing the course of the urethra. Note the Foley catheter in the urethra and bladder....
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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 9.8." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 435–36. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0230.
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79-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with obstructive uropathy and acute renal failure; cystoscopy showed a bladder mass obstructing the ureters. She also reports intermittent nausea and vomiting; a recent endoscopy noted duodenal stenosis Coronal fat-suppressed 2D SSFP images (Figure 9.8.1) and coronal reformatted postcontrast CT images (...
Conference papers on the topic "Ureter MRI"
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Chen, Chih-Wei, Hong-Sen Kou, Hsueh-Erh Liu, Cheng-Keng Chuang, and Li-Jen Wang. "Computer Assisted Simulation Model for Cryoablation of Prostate Cancer Including the Possible Injury of Rectum." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-25449.
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This study is to establish a preliminary computer assisted simulation model for cryoablation of a prostate cancer. It is hoped that the results from this study can supply valuable data for the clinician to refer to before a real cryosurgery or cryotherapy. In order to reach the goal of real implementation, a radiologist and an urologist in a medical center in addition to the engineering specialist from the university participated in this interdisciplinary research program. Firstly, hundreds of the two-dimensional medical imaging photos for the patient are obtained from the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the imaging department of hospital. Through the imaging reconstructive software, these photos are trimmed into building a three-dimensional solid modeling. In this step, the urethra, bladder, prostate and rectum are segmented separately into an engineering graphic solid model with high resolution. Secondly, the number of probes, the position of each probe, and the operating time duration of each probe are determined in advance according to the clinical experience from a surgeon. Meanwhile, these data are transferred into the software package of thermal calculation for numerical simulations. Thirdly, the energy equation in the commercial software is modified to behave bio-heat transfer model by the input of user subroutines. Moreover, the occurrence of phase change during some specified temperature range and the latent heat of fusion are also incorporated into bio-heat transfer model to simulate the clinical situation for cryoablation of prostate cancer. In the simulation model, the three-dimensional transient temperature distributions based on cryosurgery for prostate cancer have been demonstrated precisely. The cryoprobes with various freezing time are considered to observe the temperature distribution. In addition, the frozen rectum is displayed in a region enclosed by a critical isotherm of 0°C. The simulated results for cryosurgery of prostate cancer can be supplied for practicing physicians as reference to greatly improve the effectiveness of cryosurgery.
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Chen, Chih-Wei, Hong-Sen Kou, Hsueh-Erh Liu, Cheng-Keng Chuang, and Li-Jen Wang. "Computer Assisted Simulation Model in Cryosurgery for Prostate Tumor." In ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88575.
Full textAbstract:
Cryosurgery is also called as cryoablation or cryoleision. The third generation of cryo-machine use argon gas for cooling and helium for rewarming to destroy cancer cells. The probes may be put into the tumor during surgery or through the skin (percutaneously). After cryosurgery, the frozen tissue thaws and is either naturally absorbed by the body (for internal tumors), or it dissolves and forms a scab (for external tumors). The main purpose of this paper is to establish a preliminary computer assisted simulation in prostate tumor cryosurgery. A radiologist and an urologist in a medical center in addition to the engineering specialist from the university participated in this interdisciplinary research program. The first step of this simulation protocol is to trim hundreds of two-dimensional medical imaging photos from a patient through the imaging reconstructive software into building a three-dimensional solid modeling. The image data for each patient can be obtained from the x-ray computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the imaging department of hospital. It has successfully built up the related knowledge to overcome the complicacy between the medical imaging modalities and engineering graphic solid modeling with high resolution. It is worthy to mention here that the present solid modeling of prostate can demonstrate the variable diameters and courses of the prostate urethra in vivo. The second step focuses on thermal calculation. So far, there has been no existing commercial software for the specific purpose of the bioheat transfer problem. Hence, user subroutines must be added to the existing commercial software to simulate the clinical situation of cryosurgery. For example, the occurrence of phase change during some specified temperature range and the latent heat of fusion are also incorporated into bio-heat transfer model. It has successfully incorporated bioheat transfer model into the software program to fit the reality in thermal medicine. The third step supplies the data and knowledge concerned with the position of a tumor and the related mechanism of metabolism of living tissue and vessels. The number of probes, the position of each probe, and the operating time of each probe will be explored to ensure a complete killing of the tumor tissue while saving as much healthy surrounding tissue as possible. In this study, the three-dimensional transient temperature distributions based on cryosurgery for prostate tumors have been performed for several cases to find the optimal operating conditions. Different cryoprobes with different freezing time are considered to find the temperature distribution. The simulation results for cryosurgery of prostate tumors will be supplied for practicing physicians as reference to greatly improve the effectiveness of cryosurgery.