Journal articles on the topic 'Urbanisation'

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1

Haule, Leonard John, Emanuel Richard Kaking’o, and Kerstin Joseph. "Avian Taxonomic and Functional Diversity in Contrasting Habitats: A Comparative Study of Urban and Remote Forests in Arusha, Tanzania." East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources 6, no. 1 (September 26, 2023): 340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajenr.6.1.1461.

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Urbanisation globally transforms landscapes, impacting biodiversity significantly. In Arusha, Tanzania, rapid urban expansion accentuates the interplay between urbanisation and avian biodiversity. This study investigates urbanisation's influence on avian communities in two contrasting forested habitats: the urban "Themi River Forest" and the remote "Lake Duluti Forest." We explore taxonomic and functional avian diversity, elucidating underlying mechanisms. Taxonomic diversity analysis reveals "Lake Duluti Forest" with slightly higher species richness and "Themi River Forest" with a more even species distribution, reflecting urbanisation's influence. This aligns with global trends indicating reduced urban species richness due to habitat fragmentation. The urban forest, however, demonstrates avian adaptability to urbanised landscapes. Functional diversity analysis uncovers "Lake Duluti Forest" with greater functional richness, indicating a wider array of ecological roles. In contrast, "Themi River Forest" maintains comparable functional evenness, suggesting ecological balance despite urbanisation. Both forests exhibit distinct ecological niches, highlighting avian community flexibility. These findings hold significance for avian conservation and urban planning in Arusha and similar urbanising regions. Higher taxonomic diversity in remote forests underscores conservation importance. The urban forest showcases avian adaptability, emphasising green spaces in urban planning. Long-term conservation should protect both urban and remote forests, integrating strategies for avian habitat preservation and connectivity. This study advances understanding of urbanisation, forest type, and avian biodiversity's intricate relationship, offering insights for effective conservation in evolving urban landscapes
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2

Munno, Cristina, Jean-Claude Farcy, and Alain Faure. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150762.

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3

Robette, Nicolas, Jean-Pierre Lévy, Françoise Dureau, Jean-Pierre Levy, and Francoise Dureau. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150763.

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4

Delaunay, Daniel, and Jean-Pierre Orfeuil. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150764.

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5

Dureau, Françoise, Yves Bussière, Jean-Loup Madre, Francoise Dureau, and Yves Bussiere. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150765.

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Thibault, Nicolas, Michel Bassand, Vincent Kaufmann, and Dominique Joye. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150766.

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7

Gobillon, Laurent, and Yuri Kazepov. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150767.

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8

Lelièvre, Éva, Tony Champion, Hugo Graeme, and Eva Lelievre. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150768.

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9

Giroud, Matthieu, Michel Pinçon, Monique Pinçon-Charlot, Michel Pincon, and Monique Pincon-Charlot. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150769.

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10

Shon, Jean-Louis Pan Ké, Éric Maurin, Jean-Louis Pan Ke Shon, and Eric Maurin. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150770.

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11

Simon, Patrick, Jean-Paul Fitoussi, Laurent Eloi, Maurice Joël, and Maurice Joel. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150771.

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12

Laflamme, Valérie, Marion Segaud, Jacques Brun, Jean-Claude Driant, and Valerie Laflamme. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150772.

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13

Clément, Céline, François Tomas, Jean-Noël Blanc, Mario Bonilla, Celine Clement, Francois Tomas, and Jean-Noel Blanc. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150773.

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14

Bonvalet, Catherine, and Martine Berger. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150774.

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15

Imbert, Christophe, and Pierre Merlin. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population (French Edition) 60, no. 1/2 (January 2005): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4150775.

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16

Imbert, C. "Mobilités, urbanisation." Population 60, no. 1 (2005): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.501.0179.

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17

Atkinson, Adrian. "Asian urbanisation." City 19, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 857–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2015.1090188.

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18

Swilling, Mark. "Deracialised urbanisation." Urban Forum 1, no. 2 (June 1990): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03036572.

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19

Diana, Antonella. "‘Sauté Urbanisation’." European Journal of East Asian Studies 21, no. 3 (October 27, 2022): 347–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-02103007.

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Abstract In the last 20 years of economic reforms, China has embraced an explicit policy of urbanisation. In the literature, space and place-making are often perceived as distinct or conflicting dimensions of urban change, whereby the former is severed from or dominates the latter. By focusing on the multi-ethnic south-western frontier of Yunnan, this paper explores the effects of recent urbanisation on Tai ethnic minority communities in the expanding border city of Jinghong. It suggests that we need to conceptualise urbanisation in dialectic terms rather than as a dichotomy. Drawing on Massey (2005), it analyses space through the prism of ‘multiplicity’, ‘interrelation’, and ‘openness’ and place through its interconnection with the broader power geometries of space. Specifically, the paper argues that urbanisation can produce a two-way dynamic whereby space co-opts place and place permeates space through consensus, in the guise of ‘ethnic modernity’. The resulting ‘sauté urbanisation’ captures these mutually informing practices of space construction and place-making.
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20

Brada, Josef C., Belton M. Fleisher, Scott Rozelle, and Johan Swinnen. "Economic Consequences of Urbanisation and Urbanisation Policy in China." Comparative Economic Studies 51, no. 3 (July 30, 2009): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ces.2009.3.

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21

Gašparović, M., Š. Zorić, and S. K. Singh. "URBANISATION IMPACT ON CREATION OF HEAT ISLANDS IN LARGE CITIES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2021 (June 28, 2021): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2021-313-2021.

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Abstract. Global warming is getting more and more attention, and one of the main reasons is the rapid growth of the surface temperature. Today more than fifty percent of the human population is living in the cities, and with the growing tendency by the year 2050 to seventy percent, urbanisation is becoming one of the main factors of global warming. Conducted research indicates that the heat island effect is increasing rapidly in a territory with fast urbanisation growth. The surface temperature and air temperature are increasing in surrounding rural areas. This research aims to analyze urbanisation's impact on creating heat islands in a specific time frame from 1990 until 2020 in five large cities with satellite imagery obtained from Landsat satellite missions. By conducting the land cover classification and interpretation of vegetation indexes with the help of GEE (Google Earth Engine) and GIS tools as well as their changes in time by using different channels of satellite imagery will try to show the correlation between urbanisation and heat islands. This research is important for the professional and academic society because the control of global warming and increasing the quality of life in cities is today's priority.
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22

Kapur, Devesh. "How Will India’s Urban Future Affect Social Identities?" Urbanisation 2, no. 1 (May 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455747117700950.

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Urbanisation is as much a social process as it is an economic and spatial process. Cities are sites of social change that offer possibilities for social mobility by disrupting the social stratifications of rural societies. If so, what does India’s rapid urbanisation mean for social identities and social cleavages in the country? The article examines some of the principal mechanisms that will determine whether India’s urban future lies in a burgeoning cosmopolitan sensibility or in sharpening social cleavages. These include new and varied occupations and patterns of employment, the nature of housing and transportation and, crucially, the nature and role of the middle class. If urbanisation’s promise in transforming social identities in India is to be realised, the pattern of urbanisation and urban governance must fundamentally change. India needs many more large cities, which are also better funded and governed, which is unlikely to happen unless the promise of the 74th amendment to the Indian Constitution empowering urban local bodies is realised. The degree to which this will occur will have profound effects on India’s urban trajectory—and with it, the very nature of Indian society and its social cleavages.
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23

Lin, Lijie, and Jianfa Shen. "Spatial patterns and driving forces of uneven dual-track urbanisation in Fujian Province: An approach based on employment sectors." Urban Studies 56, no. 12 (December 6, 2018): 2568–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018798596.

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This paper analyses the spatial patterns and driving forces of uneven dual-track urbanisation in Fujian province using an approach based on the employment sector. It is found that uneven dual-track urbanisation is driven by four major driving forces, including the administrative force, the general internal market force, the specific internal market force, and the external force. Four area types based on employment structure have different levels of dual-track urbanisation. The relatively balanced levels of state-sponsored and spontaneous urbanisation are found in state-led urbanised areas and less developed areas. However, the levels of two urbanisation tracks in state-led urbanised areas far exceed other areas. Their high level of state-sponsored urbanisation is backed up by a large state-owned sector. There is also significant spontaneous urbanisation owing to the rising private sector and inflow of migrant workers to main urban centres. Coastal developed areas have a high level of spontaneous urbanisation but a relatively low level of state-sponsored urbanisation. Less developed areas have low levels of both state-sponsored and spontaneous urbanisation. The Fujian case shows that the two tracks of urbanisation have beenadvancing despite the relative decline of the employment share of state-owned and collective-owned sectors. The economic sectors other than state-owned and collective-owned sectors have contributed to both tracks of urbanisation. The results shed new light on the relationship between the employment sectors and dual-track urbanisation in China.
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24

Kipnis, Andrew B. "Urbanisation in Between." China Perspectives 2013, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chinaperspectives.6238.

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25

Damon, Julien. "Peuplement, migrations, urbanisation." Population & Avenir 728, no. 3 (2016): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popav.728.0004.

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26

Nethercote, Megan. "Theorising vertical urbanisation." City 22, no. 5-6 (November 2, 2018): 657–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2018.1549832.

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27

Wu, Tong. "Two-speed urbanisation." Significance 8, no. 2 (June 2011): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2011.00490.x.

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28

Godfrey, Richard, and Marlene Julien. "Urbanisation and health." Clinical Medicine 5, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.5-2-137.

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29

Ricoeur, Paul. "Urbanisation et sécularisation." Autres Temps. Les cahiers du christianisme social 76, no. 1 (2003): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/chris.2003.2414.

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30

Pedersen, C. B., and E. Agerbo. "Urbanisation and psychosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 186, no. 2 (February 2005): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.186.2.168.

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31

Sundquist, K., G. Frank, and J. Sundquist. "Urbanisation and psychosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 186, no. 2 (February 2005): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.186.2.168-a.

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32

Thia, Jang P. "Trade and Urbanisation." World Economy 39, no. 6 (August 13, 2015): 853–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/twec.12312.

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33

Sr., Kempe Ronald Hope. "Urbanisation in Kenya." African J. of Economic and Sustainable Development 1, no. 1 (2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ajesd.2012.045751.

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34

Miles, Miranda. "Urbanisation in Swaziland." Urban Forum 11, no. 1 (March 2000): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03036833.

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35

Hardoy, Jorge Enrique. "Musée et urbanisation." Museum International (Edition Francaise) 25, no. 3 (April 24, 2009): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5825.1973.tb01415.x.

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36

Xing Quan, Zhang. "Urbanisation in China." Urban Studies 28, no. 1 (February 1991): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420989120080031.

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37

Katodrytis, George, and Kevin Mitchell. "The Gulf Urbanisation." Architectural Design 85, no. 1 (January 2015): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.1850.

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38

Zhou, Gan Shi. "Urbanisation in China." Habitat International 15, no. 3 (January 1991): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-3975(91)90038-m.

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39

Chen, Shuyang. "The Urbanisation Impacts on the Policy Effects of the Carbon Tax in China." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 6749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126749.

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In the literature, very few studies have focused on how urbanisation will influence the policy effects of a climate policy even though urbanisation does have profound socioeconomic impacts. This paper has explored the interrelations among the urbanisation, carbon emissions, GDP, and energy consumption in China using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Then, the unit urbanisation impacts are inputted into the policy evaluation framework of the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model in 2015–2030. The results show that the urbanisation had a positive impact on the GDP but a negative impact on the carbon emissions in 1980–2014. These impacts were statistically significant, but its impact on the energy consumption was not statistically significant. In 2015–2030, the urbanisation will have negative impacts on the carbon emissions and intensity. It will decrease the GDP and the household welfare under the carbon tax. The urbanisation will increase the average social cost of carbon (ASCC). Hence, the urbanisation will reinforce the policy effects of the carbon tax on the emissions and welfare.
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Barão, Kim Ribeiro, Luziene S. Seixas, Brenda Nobre, Letícia Ferreira, Rosy Valéria R. Lopes, and Guilherme R. Demetrio. "First multitaxon assessment of arthropod responses to urbanisation in a widely distributed native and ruderal plant of Brazil." Insect Conservation and Diversity 17, no. 2 (March 2024): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/icad.12720.

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Abstract Unplanned urban development has consequences for natural ecosystems, resulting in habitat fragmentation and loss. Arthropod responses to urbanisation are well documented in the Global North, but no clear responses are found for the Global South. We assessed beta diversity, composition, richness and abundance responses of arthropods in Turnera subulata in an urbanisation gradient. Urbanisation affected arthropod communities' composition, and more urbanised areas showed lower insect richness and abundance. Arthropod taxa did not respond homogeneously to urbanisation. Turnover best explained the change in beta diversity along the urbanisation gradient, indicating urbanisation causes species replacement compared to less urbanised areas. We found negative results of urbanisation on the arthropod community on flowers of T. subulata. Our results are a first approximation to the effects of rural–urban gradient of urbanisation on multiple arthropod taxon in Brazil, highlighting the need for maintenance of urban green areas to allow the existence of a richer and more diverse community, especially in the face of the arthropod biodiversity crisis that we are experiencing.
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41

Eboli, Carolina Cardoso Pera. "Urbanisation control lab: Icelandic perspective on urban planning for rapid urbanisation." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Urban Design and Planning 171, no. 2 (April 2018): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jurdp.17.00028.

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42

Ghosh, Biswajit, and Namita Chakma. "Urbanisation in West Bengal: An Analysis of Recent Processes." Space and Culture, India 2, no. 2 (November 1, 2014): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v2i2.86.

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The present work intends to study the recent processes of urbanisation of West Bengal by measuring some selected indices: like level of urbanisation, decadal growth of urban population, rate of urbanisation, pace of urbanisation and urban growth, contribution of growth in urban population to total growth and rural-urban displacement. It is a meso-level study, and 19 districts of the state have been selected as units of study. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the research has identified three principal factors that determine the processes of urbanisation in the state: rural-urban displacement, decadal growth rate and rate of urbanisation. All these three factors responded positively in both primary and secondary loadings.
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43

Yu, Peiheng, Yan Zhang, Mingqing Han, Esther H. K. Yung, Edwin H. W. Chan, and Yiyun Chen. "Spatial Heterogeneity Impacts of Urbanisation on Open Space Fragmentation in Hong Kong’s Built-Up Area." Land 13, no. 4 (April 3, 2024): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13040457.

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Rapid urbanisation has generated numerous environmental consequences, particularly regarding open space fragmentation. Open space fragmentation is the transformation of open space from a state of homogeneity, integration, and continuity to a state of heterogeneity, division, and incoherence. Nevertheless, one main obstacle to understanding this issue is how to address the spatial heterogeneity of the impact of urbanisation on open space fragmentation. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive framework for the mechanistic associations between open space fragmentation and urbanisation in Hong Kong’s built-up area. The results illustrate that both open space fragmentation index and urbanisation index values are noticeably higher in dense urban areas. Land urbanisation, represented by the percentage of construction land in total land, has the highest explanatory power for spatial differentiation in open space fragmentation, followed by social and population urbanisation factors. Furthermore, the relational interrelations of open space fragmentation drivers are the bivariate and nonlinear enhancement interactions. Social urbanisation and land urbanisation have the strongest bivariate enhancement interaction for the use fragmentation form and the largest nonlinear enhancement interaction for the internal fragmentation form. Based on initial urban planning, open space fragmentation is an adaptation outcome of population, land, and social urbanisation factors, and this self-organisation phenomenon has been further emphasised in the historical process. These insights significantly enrich our understanding of how urbanisation affects open space fragmentation and provide valuable guidance for better open space strategies.
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Rodrigues, José Noronha, Sumanda Bhattacharya, and Dora Cristina Ribeiro Cabete. "THE IMPACT OF URBANISATION ON LONG-TERM SUSTAINABILITY IN SOUTH ASIA." Novos Estudos Jurí­dicos 28, no. 3 (March 21, 2024): 642–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/nej.v28n3.p642-667.

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Contextualization: Despite the progress made by South Asian nations, a recent analysis by the World Bank indicates that the region has faced challenges in harnessing the potential that urbanisation presents to transform their economy and join the ranks of more prosperous nations in terms of prosperity and living standards. As a result, the suburbs and outskirts of large cities have experienced a more rapid expansion of population. The economics of location and space are influenced by urbanisation's embodiment of agglomeration's density, separation, and variety. It is the main reason for the disparity in prosperity between different parts of the country. Objective: Propose to investigate the impact of urbanization on long-term sustainability in South Asia. Methodology: For this article it was used the inductive method, based on primary sources and carrying out documentary and bibliographical research. Results: The study provides clarification and debate on a current issue linked to the impact of urbanisation on environmental, social and economic sustainability and, at the same time, presents some solutions and policies and strategies to minimise this impact. To this end, it takes a critical look at the impact of urbanisation on long-term sustainability in South Asia. It concludes that urban growth has long-term effects on the way we live, work and interact in cities, so it is crucial to plan and build sustainable communities as the world's population moves to cities.
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Ndour, Cheikh Tidiane. "Urbanisation et émission de CO2 en Afrique : quel rôle pour la gouvernance?" Revue Internationale des Économistes de Langue Française 7, no. 1 (2022): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/rielf.2022.1.3.

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This paper determines how good governance complements or counteracts urbanisation in the fight of environmental degradation, including the reduction of CO2 emissions, for 45 African countries over the period 2000–2014. Governance is measured through the six dimensions of the Kaufman governance indicators. Urbanisation is assessed by the urbanisation rate, which refers to the urban population as a proportion of the total population. The empirical evidence is based on the two-stage generalized method of moments (GMM), which eliminates simultaneity bias and considers cross-country variations. Overall, the results show that good governance has a significant effect on reducing CO2 emissions. It is a means to mitigate the potential effect of urbanisation on environmental degradation. The results recommend that governance must be consider in urbanisation policies to achieve a clean environment.
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46

Anarfi, Kwasi, Ross A. Hill, and Chris Shiel. "Highlighting the Sustainability Implications of Urbanisation: A Comparative Analysis of Two Urban Areas in Ghana." Land 9, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9090300.

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Ghana is urbanising rapidly, and over half of the country’s population have lived in urban areas since 2010. Although research has proliferated to explore Ghana’s urbanisation, there is a dearth of research that holistically explores the wider sustainability implications of urbanisation, offers comparative perspectives in the context of large and smaller urban areas, and provides a perspective of local level urbanisation in the context of resource extraction (mining). This study comparatively assesses two urban areas in Ghana (Kumasi and Obuasi), by conducting a spatio-temporal analysis of land cover change through remote sensing and by analysing demographic change through a synthesis of published population data, in order to highlight the sustainability implications of urbanisation. The results show that urbanisation has been rapid, and has resulted in changes in land cover and demography in Kumasi and Obuasi. The sustainability implications of urbanisation are identified to include limited economic opportunities, socio-spatial segregation, and destruction of natural vegetation. The evidence in this study provides insights into urbanisation in Ghana, and suggests that the positive sustainability impacts of urbanisation may be eroded by how factors such as market forces and land tenure interact at the local level.
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47

Trócsányi, András, Viola Karsai, and Gábor Pirisi. "Formal urbanisation in East-Central Europe." Hungarian Geographical Bulletin 73, no. 1 (March 30, 2024): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15201/hungeobull.73.1.4.

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The East-Central European region has undergone a unique urbanisation process during socialist and postsocialist periods. These peculiarities result from social and economic development delays, which the statehas tried to remedy through massive interventions. One such intervention is urban reclassification, where the state promotes certain places it deems crucial, granting them urban status, often without actual developmentor urban characteristics. Due to its artificial character, this intervention is called formal urbanisation in our approach being a specific local feature of the urbanisation process. The visible result is the growth of the urbanpopulation, often only by administrative causes, with the reclassification of villages as towns. The emergence of numerous small towns, which we refer to as newest towns, has significantly influenced urbanisation, alteredthe concept of towns and cities3, and generated significant debates. In this paper, we compare the formal urbanisation of the socialist and post-socialist eras, trying to estimate the added value of formal urbanisation inthe latter period. We compare the administrative backgrounds of formal urbanisation in selected ECE countries for similarities and differences. Throughout the research, we analyse their formal urbanisation involvingapproximately 800 municipalities promoted since 1990 in Poland, Czechia, Hungary, and Romania, trying to identify common and unique features in the processes. Based on historical determination, modernisation, and integration into new spatial processes, considering demographic and functional changes, we developedtypes of formal urbanisation. Our research has revealed several common factors in the reclassification process, such as local initiatives, while we have also identified disparities between principles and practices and varyinglevels of control from regional and national actors. The study has also led to a deeper understanding of formal urbanisation in the context of the urbanisation process as a whole.
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48

Sanetra, Dennis, Johanna Berger, Margarita Hartlieb, Nadja K. Simons, Genevieve Walther, Nico Blüthgen, and Michael Staab. "Disentangling how urbanisation influences moth diversity in grasslands." Insect Conservation and Diversity 17, no. 2 (March 2024): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/icad.12713.

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Abstract Urban areas have profound impacts on local species diversity and composition through a set of intertwined changes in the environment. As the world is rapidly urbanising while simultaneously facing a biodiversity crisis, a better understanding of how urbanisation influences biodiversity is necessary. To test if and how urbanisation influences moth diversity and whether urbanisation is acting directly or indirectly via urbanisation‐induced increased habitat isolation, smaller habitat area, higher light pollution and increased mowing intensity, we sampled moths with light trapping in 20 grasslands in the urban core of the city of Darmstadt (southwestern Germany) and 20 grasslands in the surrounding area. Moth abundance and diversity decreased with increasing urbanisation. Smaller habitat area and high mowing intensity reduced moth abundance, while other environmental variables including isolation and light pollution had only indirect effects. High levels of urbanisation were associated with reduced moth abundance, which in turn drove declines in diversity. Urbanised sites favoured generalist species and differed in species composition compared to sites in the surrounding. The results show that urbanisation is directly reducing moth abundance and diversity in cities. The negative effect of urbanisation is further attenuated by habitat fragmentation and high mowing intensity, which are both known drivers of biodiversity decline in urban areas and beyond. While urbanisation itself is often irreversible, reducing mowing intensity and preserving larger grassland areas could facilitate moths and other taxa in and around cities.
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49

ZHOU, Zhihua. "China Launches New Urbanisation Plan (2014-2020)." East Asian Policy 06, no. 02 (April 2014): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930514000129.

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Abstract:
China's new leadership pins high hopes on New Urbanisation as the engine to transform China into a domestic consumption-driven economy and solve its sannong issue to ease rural and urban disparity. The recently released National New Urbanisation Plan pinpointed the external economic conditions and the problems that had emerged in the previous urbanisation orbit, and is expected to serve as a strategic, comprehensive and instructional compendium for future urbanisation.
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50

He, Zekai, Xiuzhen Shi, Xinhao Wang, and Yuwei Xu. "Urbanisation and the geographic concentration of industrial SO2 emissions in China." Urban Studies 54, no. 15 (October 11, 2016): 3579–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016669915.

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Abstract:
This paper studies the mechanisms linking urbanisation and industrial SO2 emissions using panel data that enable us to trace the environmental impact of the urban transformation of China’s economy from a rural to a largely urban society. We provide evidence of stylised facts on spatial patterns and temporal changes of industrial SO2 emissions in China. Over time, industrial SO2 emissions show increasing levels in small and medium-sized cities but slightly decreasing levels in some large cities. The results show that urbanisation is one of the main driving forces behind emissions and the increase in the urbanisation level is likely to exacerbate emissions. Emissions are more sensitive to industrialisation than urbanisation, indicating that industrialisation remains a key industrial SO2 pollution contributor in China. Industrial emissions abatement policies in China should be designed by considering the spatial differences of emissions and the pace of urbanisation, although the increase of urbanisation is associated with benefits such as poverty reduction and economic growth. The reduction of industrial SO2 emissions requires coordinated approaches by adjusting the pace of urbanisation.
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