Journal articles on the topic 'Urban private traffic representation'
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1
Ajmar, A., E. Arco, and P. Boccardo. "A SPATIAL DATABASE MODEL FOR MOBILITY MANAGEMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 5, 2019): 1495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-1495-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In urban and metropolitan context, Traffic Operations Centres (TOCs) use technologies as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) to tackling urban mobility issue. Usually in TOCs, various isolated systems are maintained in parallel (stored in different databases), and data comes from different sources: a challenge in transport management is to transfer disparate data into a unified data management system that preserves access to legacy data, allowing multi-thematic analysis. This need of integration between systems is important for a wise policy decision.</p><p>This study aims to design a comprehensive and general spatial data model that could allow the integration and visualization of traffic components and measures. The activity is focused on the case study of 5T Agency in Turin, a TOC that manages traffic regulation, public transit fleets and information to users, in the metropolitan area of Turin and Piedmont Region.</p><p>The idea is not to replace the existing implemented and efficient system, but to built-up on these systems a GIS that overpass the different software and DBMS platforms and that can demonstrate how a spatial and horizontal vision in tackling urban mobility issues may be useful for policy and strategies decisions. The modelling activity take reference from a review of transport standards and results in database general schema, which can be reused by other TOCs in their activities, helping the integration and coordination between different TOCs. The final output of the research is an ArcGIS geodatabase, which enable the customised representation of private traffic elements and measures.</p>
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Freestone, Robert, and Peggy James. "Learning from LA: Australian Responses to Los Angeles Urbanism 1910–1960." Journal of Planning History 18, no. 1 (February 20, 2018): 44–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538513218755497.
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From the 1910s to the 1950s, Los Angeles was a surprising exemplar of progressive planning for Australian cities. LA’s planned neighborhoods early captured the garden suburb ideal. Regional planning initiatives attracted increasing interest, then transport planning and management of auto traffic. Mechanisms of urban governance and formal alliances between private and public sectors followed. This learning from abroad is set within the paradigm of urban policy transfer, highlighting the selectivity of borrowing within the dominant ideology of town and country planning. From the 1960s, positive connotations would be extinguished by new representations of a sprawling, divided, and polluted metropolis.
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Zhou, Q., and H. Lin. "INVESTIGATING THE COMPLETENESS AND OMISSION ROADS OF OPENSTREETMAP DATA IN HUBEI, CHINA BY COMPARING WITH STREET MAP AND STREET VIEW." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2020 (August 24, 2020): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2020-299-2020.
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Abstract. OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a free map of the world which can be edited by global volunteers. Existing studies have showed that completeness of OSM road data in some developing countries (e.g. China) is much lower, resulting in concern in utilizing the data in various applications. But very few have focused on investigating what types of road are still poorly mapped. This study aims not only to investigate the completeness of OSM road datasets in China but also to investigate what types of road (called omission roads) have not been mapped, which is achieved by referring to both Street Map and Street View. Sixteen prefecture-level divisions in the urban areas of Hubei (China) were used as study areas. Results showed that: (1) the completeness for most prefecture-level divisions was at a low-to-medium level; most roads (in the Street Map), however, with traffic conditions had already been mapped well. (2) Most of the omission OSM roads were either private roads, or public roads not having yet been named and with only one single lane, indicating their minor importance in the urban road network. We argue that although the OSM road datasets in China are incomplete, they may still be used for several applications such as traffic flow analysis, road map representation, and backbone structure detection.
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Juta, Eshetu Mathewos. "RESOURCE SUPPLY AN ACCESSIBILITY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES." YMER Digital 20, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 446–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer20.12/42.
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The term “urban mass transit” generally refers to scheduled intra-city service on a fixed route in shared vehicles. Public transportation is an important contributing factor to urban sustainability. Effective transportation networks that incorporate public transit livable by easing commute and transportation needs and increasing accessibility. To assess public transportation accessibility in metropolitan networks, two indices are used: the supply level of urban public transportation facilities resource and the public transportation-private automobile traveling time ratio. As the research in the Wolaita sodo town region and the assessment system, an evaluation technique for urban public transportation facility resource supply is developed based on accessibility. Accessibility is a representative indicator for evaluating the supply of bus system. Traditional studies have evaluated the accessibility from different aspects. Considering the interaction among land use, bus timetable arrangement and individual factors, a more holistic accessibility measurement is proposed to combine static and dynamic characteristics from multisource traffic data. The objective is to highlight the main lessons learned and identify knowledge gaps to guide the design and evaluation of future transport investments. Moreover, studies looking at ways to improve the operational efficiency of systems and those seeking to promote behavioral changes in transport users offer great potential to generate learning that is useful for the public and private actors involved.
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Rakhmatulloh, Anita Ratnasari, Diah Intan Kusumo Dewi, and Titin Andini. "ROUTE INTEGRATION OF SEMARANG TRANS FEEDER for THE CITY OF SEMARANG AND SURROUNDINGS." astonjadro 10, no. 2 (October 16, 2021): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/astonjadro.v10i2.4850.
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<p>Inadequate service of Bus Rapid Transit in all zones in an urban area encourages integrated transport management system which can allow transport lines that connect more neighbourhoods which are far from BRT corridor route. Feeder services in Semarang aims at improving accessibility to BRT, reducing traffic congestion caused by the use of private cars and enhancing public transport services in Semarang urban areas and its surrounding. Moreover, Trans Semarang feeder is expected to become a public transport which is representative, safe, convenient, and affordable as well as its lines can be integrated with other transport modes. The purpose of the study is to analyse the integration of feeder route serving more trips in Semarang urban areas and its surrounding by using superimpose analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. This study reveals that service routes of feeder are not likely to be an optimal, the presence of bus stops amenities has not constituted the minimum requirements of convenience standard, its infrastructure has not integrated yet and the shelter cannot provide easy access to public transport users.</p>
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Wang, Yan, Ali Yalcin, and Carla VandeWeerd. "An entropy-based approach to the study of human mobility and behavior in private homes." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): e0243503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243503.
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Understanding human mobility in outdoor environments is critical for many applications including traffic modeling, urban planning, and epidemic modeling. Using data collected from mobile devices, researchers have studied human mobility in outdoor environments and found that human mobility is highly regular and predictable. In this study, we focus on human mobility in private homes. Understanding this type of human mobility is essential as smart-homes and their assistive applications become ubiquitous. We model the movement of a resident using ambient motion sensor data and construct a chronological symbol sequence that represents the resident’s movement trajectory. Entropy rate is used to quantify the regularity of the resident’s mobility patterns, and an upper bound of predictability is estimated. However, the presence of visitors and malfunctioning sensors result in data that is not representative of the resident’s mobility patterns. We apply a change-point detection algorithm based on penalized contrast function to detect these changes, and to identify the time periods when the data do not completely reflect the resident’s activities. Experimental results using the data collected from 10 private homes over periods of 178 to 713 days show that human mobility at home is also highly predictable in the range of 70% independent of variations in floor plans and individual daily routines.
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Wyszomirski, Olgierd. "25 years of the Municipal Transportation Board in Gdynia." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 18, no. 10 (October 31, 2017): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2017.037.
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Twenty five years ago, the Municipal Transportation Board in Gdynia (ZKM) was launched. As part of the process of changes in the transport service of Gdynia and neighboring municipalities, a unit was created to organize public transport. A specialized urban transport organizer has been set up to improve the quality of public transport services. During the 25 years of operation of ZKM, the level of quality of service has been improved significantly, adjusting the transport offer to the demand and transportation preferences of inhabitants, learned through systematic representative marketing research. Trolleybus transport has been modernized, thanks to trolleybuses having an energy storage tank. Transport services within the network of ZKM are carried out by operators owned by the City of Gdynia and competing private entities. Before ZKM there are challenges related to the constantly increasing expectations of the inhabitants in terms of quality of service and the changing conditions of their service in the situation of strong development of motorization and implementation of the policy of sustainable urban transport development. The article presents the tasks and scope of activities of ZKM, bus, midibus, microbus and trolleybus transport organized by ZKM, operators contracted by ZKM, supervision and regulation of traffic in the transport network of ZKM, transport service of mass events by ZKM, marketing research conducted by ZKM, customer service by ZKM, quality evaluation of ZKM services and future challenges standing ahead of this unit.
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Tatah, Lambed, Yves Wasnyo, Matthew Pearce, Tolu Oni, Louise Foley, Ebele Mogo, Charles Obonyo, Jean Claude Mbanya, James Woodcock, and Felix Assah. "Travel Behaviour and Barriers to Active Travel among Adults in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (July 25, 2022): 9092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159092.
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The literature on urban travel behaviour in Africa is sparse, limiting our understanding of how urban transport policies respond to human and planetary needs. We conducted a cross-sectional household telephone survey on 1334 participants, using a 24 h time-use diary, to investigate travel behaviour and barriers to active travel (walking and cycling) in Yaoundé, Cameroon. We found that two-thirds of all participants reported at least one trip; the median (IQR) numbers of trips per capita and per participant with trips were 2 (0–3) and 2 (2–3), respectively. The main trip modes were shared taxi (46%), walking (27%), private cars (11%), and motorcycle taxis (10%), with 25%, 56%, and 45% of all participants reporting the use of active, motorised, and public transport, respectively. The mean (IQR) trip duration was 48 (30–60) min; for participants who reported trips, the daily overall and active travel durations were 121 (60–150) and 28 (0–45) min, respectively. Women were less likely to travel, making fewer and shorter trips when they did. Participants in less wealthy households were more likely to travel. The primary barriers to both walking and cycling were the fear of road traffic injuries and the inconvenience of active travel modes. Therefore, local urban transport authorities need to improve the safety and convenience of active mobility and promote gender equity in transport. Restrictions to movements during the COVID-19 pandemic and the relatively small survey sample might have biased our results; thus, a representative travel survey could improve current estimates. More generally, high-quality research on travel behaviours and their correlates is needed in low-resource settings.
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Zhang, Sen, Shaobo Li, Xiang Li, and Yong Yao. "Representation of Traffic Congestion Data for Urban Road Traffic Networks Based on Pooling Operations." Algorithms 13, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13040084.
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In order to improve the efficiency of transportation networks, it is critical to forecast traffic congestion. Large-scale traffic congestion data have become available and accessible, yet they need to be properly represented in order to avoid overfitting, reduce the requirements of computational resources, and be utilized effectively by various methodologies and models. Inspired by pooling operations in deep learning, we propose a representation framework for traffic congestion data in urban road traffic networks. This framework consists of grid-based partition of urban road traffic networks and a pooling operation to reduce multiple values into an aggregated one. We also propose using a pooling operation to calculate the maximum value in each grid (MAV). Raw snapshots of traffic congestion maps are transformed and represented as a series of matrices which are used as inputs to a spatiotemporal congestion prediction network (STCN) to evaluate the effectiveness of representation when predicting traffic congestion. STCN combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory neural network (LSTMs) for their spatiotemporal capability. CNNs can extract spatial features and dependencies of traffic congestion between roads, and LSTMs can learn their temporal evolution patterns and correlations. An empirical experiment on an urban road traffic network shows that when incorporated into our proposed representation framework, MAV outperforms other pooling operations in the effectiveness of the representation of traffic congestion data for traffic congestion prediction, and that the framework is cost-efficient in terms of computational resources.
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Qiu, Li Xin, and Yan Lei Song. "Path Selection of Low-Carbon Traffic Development in Qingdao." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.976.
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By the use of the low-carbon traffic model, quantitatively analyzed the current situation of carbon emissions in different modes of urban traffic, this paper emphasized on studying the low-carbon development paths of Qingdao transportation. The results show that, the proportion of CO2 from private cars is the most highest; the increasing number of private cars, and the reduce use of public transport, is the main reason for the increase urban traffic emissions. Through the study of traffic structure, transportation and energy consumption characteristics of Qingdao, low-carbon development paths of Qingdao transportation are proposed from the aspects of urban space, traffic structure, residents travel mode and energy-saving technology.
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Su, Yingsheng, Xin Liu, and Xuejun Li. "Research on Traffic Congestion Based on System Dynamics: The Case of Chongqing, China." Complexity 2020 (March 17, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6123896.
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With the rapid development of society, urban traffic congestion has gradually become an important social problem that many cities need to solve. For Chongqing, traffic congestion not only affects residents’ normal travel but also brings more serious environmental pollution. Aiming at the problem of urban traffic congestion and automobile exhaust pollution, this paper adopts the system dynamics method to establish a model for studying urban traffic congestion system from the perspectives of private cars, trucks, and public transportation. First, we determine city motor vehicle trips as an indicator of the degree of traffic congestion in this paper. Second, we analyze the causal relationship between the growth of private cars, the travel of trucks, public transportation, population, and other factors and then build a model and test the stability of the model. Then, we add some practical policies to the model for policy analysis. Finally, it is concluded that the private car restriction policy is effective in controlling the amount of private car travel, and the purchase restriction policy controls the growth of the number of private cars from the root cause, but the development of public transportation is the most effective treatment measure in the long run.
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Li, Jian, Hong Yuan Liu, and Xin Teng. "Research on the Driving Force Factors of Development of Low Carbon of Urban Transportation: Taking Tianjin as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 798-799 (September 2013): 1115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.798-799.1115.
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Urban transportation is the main way of carbon emission, development of low-carbon transportation has become the focus of attention of the countries all over the world. This paper analyses the influencing factors of carbon emission of Tianjin transportation based on grey correlation method, putting forward that the cost of urban resident transportation, traffic volume of urban passenger, number of private car and energy consumption of urban transportation are the most important key factors. Therefore, in order to construct low-carbon transportation system, Tianjin should design the layoff of urban space reasonably to control the demand of transportation effectively to reduce the urban transportation cost first, develop urban public transportation to optimize the urban traffic structure in response to the growing urban traffic volume of passenger second , establish a series of laws and regulations to improve the urban traffic management level to strengthen the supervision of private cars third, develop and apply new technology and new energy to adjust the energy structure of urban transportation to reduce urban transportation energy consumption at last.
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Song, Jun, Jun Feng Wang, Tong Lin He, and Meng De Deng. "Weighted Network Model of Urban Traffic." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 2637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.2637.
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We study the urban sub-traffic network, which amounts to 140 crossroads among the total ones in Beijing traffic organization. And an undirected, weighted network representation is adapted to the Beijing urban transportation network, where the vertices (nodes) correspond to the chosen crossroads and the weighted edges (links) to the travel speed among them. The complementary cumulative distribution and correlation of the topological structure are analyzed revealing that the network presents small-world property. The statistical properties of the network structure exhibit that there is linear, positive correlation between the strength of some node and the average strength of its neighbors. It is demonstrated that the weight-balance relations of the nodes conform to power-law distribution. Besides, for the communities (consisting definite number of nodes and the links completely connecting them), the average strength of the nodes is linearly proportional to the mean weight of the links.
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Sun, Yan Bin, and Li Juan Liu. "The Countermeasures Response to Urban Traffic Congestion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.921.
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Nowadays,with the rapid development of urbanization and the rapid growth of amount of private vehicles, the issues for urban traffic congestion are becoming prominent, aslo they will be one of the core problems and the focus of social attention that every country in the world are facing. In this paper, some problems related to traffic congestion are discussed,which restrict the cities’development. Through a brief analysis about the traffic congestion, this paper presents some new countermeasures and suggestions,meanwhile gives a overall reference how to relieve urban traffic congestion, including the different ways of constructions for transport infrastructures, and also the reasons for priority to the development of public transport .Moreover,details of measures designs suitable for relieving the traffic congestion are involved in this paper.
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Huang, Shichen, Chunfu Shao, Juan Li, Xiong Yang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jianpei Qian, and Shengyou Wang. "Feature Extraction and Representation of Urban Road Networks Based on Travel Routes." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 18, 2020): 9621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229621.
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Extraction of traffic features constitutes a key research direction in traffic safety planning. In previous traffic tasks, road network features are extracted manually. In contrast, Network Representation Learning aims to automatically learn low-dimensional node representations. Enlightened by feature learning in Natural Language Processing, representation learning of urban nodes is studied as a supervised task in this paper. Following this line of thinking, a deep learning framework, called StreetNode2VEC, is proposed for learning feature representations for nodes in the road network based on travel routes, and then model parameter calibration is performed. We explain the effectiveness of features from visualization, similarity analysis, and link prediction. In visualization, the features of nodes naturally present a clustered pattern, and different clusters correspond to different regions in the road network. Meanwhile, the features of nodes still retain their spatial information in similarity analysis. The proposed method StreetNode2VEC obtains a AUC score of 0.813 in link prediction, which is greater than that obtained from Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and Node2vec. This suggests that the features of nodes can be used to effectively and credibly predict whether a link should be established between two nodes. Overall, our work provides a new way of representing road nodes in the road network, which have potential in the traffic safety planning field.
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Hu, Mao-Bin, Rui Jiang, Ruili Wang, and Qing-Song Wu. "Urban traffic simulated from the dual representation: Flow, crisis and congestion." Physics Letters A 373, no. 23-24 (May 2009): 2007–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2009.04.014.
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Schürmann, C., D. Geiger, M. Picha, and R. Thomas. "CITY2NAVIGATION (C2N) – A NEW SERVICE FOR DIGITAL, FUTURE-PROOF URBAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W1-2021 (September 3, 2021): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w1-2021-103-2021.
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Abstract. Digital traffic management solutions are essential for the effective management of the continuing growth of road traffic. However, technical possibilities for implementing traffic management strategies by Traffic Control Centres are limited to a strategic network. At the same time, modern mobility apps from routing services offer road users many options to get informed and guided. The latter usually work independently from traffic management strategies of public authorities. Thus, different route recommendations not only lead to uncertainty of road users, but ultimately to a reduction in the effectiveness of the public traffic management strategies. A direct information exchange between both systems does not yet exist. This however would be a key to more efficient traffic management.City2Navigation therefore developed a technical concept for a nationwide implementation of a digital data exchange service (C2N service) to link public traffic management with routing services of private vendors. This service fills the gap between both group of actors, thereby serving as a crucial building block for digital traffic management in response to the goals of European and national frameworks for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).The C2N service not only promotes the cooperation of public authorities with private routing services, it also offers a variety of opportunities to develop new business models. It is a complement to C2C and C2X communication solutions in road transport, ultimately also enabling future possibilities for municipalities to conduct efficient and sustainable traffic management.
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Cao, Qianxia, Zhengwu Wang, and Kejun Long. "Traffic Foreground Detection at Complex Urban Intersections Using a Novel Background Dictionary Learning Model." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (November 11, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3515512.
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In complex urban intersection scenarios, due to heavy traffic and signal control, there are many slow-moving or temporarily stopped vehicles behind the stop lines. At these intersections, it is difficult to extract traffic parameters, such as delay and queue length, based on vehicle detection and tracking due to the dense and severe occlusion of vehicles. In this study, a novel background subtraction algorithm based on sparse representation is proposed to detect the traffic foreground at complex intersections to obtain traffic parameters. By establishing a novel background dictionary update model, the proposed method solves the problem that the background is easily contaminated by slow-moving or temporarily stopped vehicles and therefore cannot obtain the complete traffic foreground. Using the real-world urban traffic videos and the PV video sequences of i -LIDS, we first compare the proposed method with other detection methods based on sparse representation. Then, the proposed method is compared with other commonly used traffic foreground detection models in different urban intersection traffic scenarios. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs well in keeping the background model being unpolluted from slow-moving or temporarily stopped vehicles and has a good performance in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations.
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Chen, Kaiqi, Guowei Chu, Kaiyuan Lei, Yan Shi, and Min Deng. "A Multiview Representation Learning Framework for Large-Scale Urban Road Networks." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 6301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136301.
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Methods to learn informative representations of road networks constitute an important prerequisite to solve multiple traffic analysis tasks with data-driven models. Most existing studies are only developed from a topology structure or traffic attribute perspective, and the resulting representations are biased and cannot fully capture the complex traffic flow patterns that are attributed to human mobility in road networks. Moreover, real-world road networks usually contain millions of segments, which poses a great challenge regarding the memory usage and computational efficiency of existing methods. Consequently, we proposed a novel multiview representation learning framework for large-scale urban road networks to simultaneously preserve topological and human mobility information. First, the road network was modeled as a multigraph, and a multiview random walk method was developed to capture the structure function of the road network from a topology-aware graph and vehicle transfer pattern from a mobility-aware graph. In this process, a large-scale road network organization method was established to improve the random walk algorithm efficiency. Finally, word2vec was applied to learn representations based on sequences that were generated by the multiview random walk. In the experiment, two real-world datasets were used to demonstrate the superior performance of our framework through a comparative analysis.
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Gao, Yuan, and Jiaxing Zhu. "Characteristics, Impacts and Trends of Urban Transportation." Encyclopedia 2, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 1168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2020078.
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Economic growth, urban development and the prosperity of the automobile industry have driven a huge shift in global urban transportation from walking to public transportation and then to automobiles. Private mobility has become an important part of residents’ daily trips. Cities, especially automobile-dependent cities, face a variety of negative impacts such as increased commuting distances, higher congestion costs, traffic accidents, traffic pollution including climate change, etc. Therefore, how to balance the relationship between people’s growing demand for private motorization with the development of urbanization, modernization and motorization and the huge economic, social and environmental costs brought about by them, so as to realize the sustainable development of cities and transportation, is the main problem facing cities around the world. The entry focuses on trends in the sustainable development of urban transportation such as restrictions in private car ownership and use, electrification of urban transportation, intelligent transportation systems (including shared mobility, customized buses and Mobility as a Service/MaaS) and transit-oriented development (TOD). China, as the largest global automobile producer and consumer, represents and leads the growth and evolution of other emerging countries.
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Leclercq, Ludovic. "Calibration of Flow–Density Relationships on Urban Streets." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1934, no. 1 (January 2005): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193400124.
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The aim of this paper is to gather some observations resulting from the study of traffic data in an urban environment (Toulouse, France) rather than on freeways, as is often the case in papers that deal with flow–density relationship calibration. Methods developed for freeway data are studied and new ones are presented to address the specificity of traffic behavior in urban areas. A two-step approach is proposed. First, the data are processed to obtain consistent observations for simulation use. This processing includes the calculation of density from occupancy and space mean speed and the aggregation and the selection of data to make them suitable for equilibrium traffic state representation. Then, a best-fit curve is applied to the selected data to obtain flow–density relationships. Finally, the resulting relationships are studied to highlight the peculiarities of traffic behavior in urban streets.
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Tettamanti, Tamás, Márton Tamás Horváth, and István Varga. "Road Traffic Measurement and Related Data Fusion Methodology for Traffic Estimation." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 15, no. 4 (December 19, 2014): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2014-0023.
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Abstract The knowledge of road traffic parameters is of crucial importance to ensure state-of-the-art traffic services either in public or private transport. In our days, a plethora of road traffic data are continuously collected producing historical and real-time traffic information as well. The available information, however, arrive from inhomogeneous sensor systems. Therefore, a data fusion methodology is proposed based on Switching Kalman Filter. The concept enables efficient travel time estimation for urban road traffic network. On the other hand, the method may contribute to a better macroscopic traffic modelling.
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Puyana-Romero, Virginia, Giuseppe Ciaburro, Giovanni Brambilla, Christiam Garzón, and Luigi Maffei. "Representation of the soundscape quality in urban areas through colours." Noise Mapping 6, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/noise-2019-0002.
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AbstractNoise mapping is a useful and widespread method to visualise various items like the exposure to noise pollution, statistics of affected population, different noise source contribution analysis, and it is also a useful tool in designing noise-control plans. Some researches have moved a step further, proposing maps to represent the people perception of the acoustic environment. Most of these maps use colours as mere tools to display the spatial variability of acoustic parameters. In this paper the colours associated by interviewed people to different urban soundscapes have been analysed, and the possibility of using meaningful colours to represent the soundscape quality in noise mapping has been examined. For this purpose, correspondence analysiswas applied on the data collected fromon-site interviews, performed in the water front of Naples and its surroundings. The outcomes show that in the pedestrian areas nearby the sea, the blue colour was often associated with the soundscape rating, whereas in the areas nearby the sea but open to road traffic the interviewees selected mainly the blue and grey colours. In the areas away from the sea, a wider selection of colours was observed: red and greywere predominantly selected in the areas open to road traffic and green, yellow and red in the green areas.
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Kou, Wei, and Lin Cheng. "Research on the Urban Transportation Development in Our Country Based on the Traffic Congestion Pricing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 1032–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.1032.
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With the development and realization of industrialization and urbanization in the world, urban traffic volume grows rapidly; many big cities face more and more serious traffic problem. As a mean of traffic demand management, traffic congestion pricing has important significance in theory and practice. Traffic congestion pricing can counteract external diseconomy caused by network congestion, and the price of congestion is tantamount to the difference between social marginal cost and private marginal cost. This paper analyzes the economic theory of congestion pricing. Combined the effect of traffic congestion pricing that implemented in the developed countries, it researches the influence of urban transportation development in our country in the future based on the implementing congestion pricing.
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Zhao, Yuhui, Xinyan Zhu, Wei Guo, Bing She, Han Yue, and Ming Li. "Exploring the Weekly Travel Patterns of Private Vehicles Using Automatic Vehicle Identification Data: A Case Study of Wuhan, China." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (November 4, 2019): 6152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11216152.
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Automatic vehicle identification (AVI) systems collect 24 h vehicle travel data for the efficient management of traffic flows. The automatic vehicle identification data collected by an overhead traffic monitoring system provides a means for understanding urban traffic flows and human mobility. This article explores the weekly travel patterns of private vehicles based on AVI data in Wuhan, a megacity in Central China. We extracted origin–destination information and applied the K-Means clustering algorithm to classify spatial traffic hot spots by camera locations. Subsequently, the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm was used to mine the temporal travel patterns of individual vehicles. The cluster results are summarized in nine travel probability matrixes. The effectiveness of this approach is illustrated by a case study using a large set of AVI data collected from 19 to 24 November 2018, in Wuhan, China. The results revealed six variations of the travel demand on weekdays and weekends—the commuting behaviors of private drivers triggered a tidal change in traffic flows. This study also exposed nine weekly travel patterns for private cars, reflecting temporal similarities of human mobility patterns. We identified four types of commuters. These results can help city managers understand daily changes in urban travel demands.
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Cai, Zhipeng, Xu Zheng, and Jiguo Yu. "A Differential-Private Framework for Urban Traffic Flows Estimation via Taxi Companies." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 15, no. 12 (December 2019): 6492–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2019.2911697.
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Keler, Andreas, Georgios Grigoropoulos, and Dominik Mussack. "Enriching complex road intersections from OSM with traffic-related behavioral information." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-61-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Bicycle traffic in urban environments has various complex aspects in relation to the used space and the assigned transport infrastructures, especially in urban environments. Depending on the traffic situations, the built static urban infrastructure design, and, the other traffic participants involved, there are more or less challenging possibilities of its representation. Modelling and simulating urban bicycle traffic should include the interactions to other traffic participants, and, of course, behavioral aspects within each ride. Therefore, we introduce a method for enriching road features from OSM with traffic-related behavioural information. We focus on road intersections, since those are the locations with the highest number of interactions, communications, and, accidents. Our aim is to extend microscopic traffic flow simulations for achieving higher accuracies in simulation results and for applying bicycle movement models that are more adapted to reality. As an example we present a behavioral catalogue for cyclists, focussing on urban roundabouts, which results from real video observations and subsequent classifications.We classify into typical, frequently occurring and unusual bicycle maneuvers, and, include those into a specification procedure when enriching various OSM features.</p>
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Ullman, Gerald L., and Conrad L. Dudek. "Theoretical Approach to Predicting Traffic Queues at Short-Term Work Zones on High-Volume Roadways in Urban Areas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1824, no. 1 (January 2003): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1824-04.
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A new theoretical approach is described that more accurately predicts the length of queues that will develop when one or more lanes are closed for short-term freeway road work in an urban area. A model was developed that represents the interactions between diversion and traffic queuing on the freeway. The model is based on macroscopic fluid-flow analogies of traffic and a new perspective of the freeway corridor as a section of permeable pipe. Historical traffic volumes on the roadway serve as the primary data input into the model. Unlike other work zone analysis methods, the model presents a rational representation of how traffic queues stabilize upstream of temporary work zone bottlenecks in urban areas. The model can be calibrated to reasonably represent the magnitude of traffic queues developing upstream of actual work zone lane closures on urban freeways in Texas.
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Salem, Salem F. "Transport, mobility and road traffic accidents in Benghazi." Libyan Studies 38 (2007): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900004258.
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AbstractAs is the case in most Third World cities, Benghazi's urban growth has outpaced infrastructural development. The unexpected rapid growth has generated many typical urban problems particularly in the area of transportation and road accidents. The increase in vehicular traffic is affecting the entire fabric of urban life as the growing number of private cars begins to overwhelm Benghazi's road system. In 1999 12% of all deaths in Libya were caused by road traffic accidents and in 2000 the cost of road traffic accidents was put at more than 15 million LD. This paper argues that the existing public transport system could be better used through incorporation of small-scale services, like local taxis and minibuses, and new technology where feasible.The author suggests that improvement and development in the transportation sector be devoted entirely to buses and intermediate public carriers because of their complementary nature: buses operate on fixed routes and schedules, while minibuses have the flexibility to reach areas inaccessible by buses. In addition to decreasing demand for parking spaces in the central area, minibuses might further bring about traffic reduction and decreases in congestion, minimising road traffic accidents and thus preventing delays for both private automobiles and bus riders.
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Fadhil, Dimas Nu’man, Arimbi Jinca, Puguh Prakoso, and Julianto Hoegeng. "Alternative Approach to Sustainable Urban Mobility in Developing Countries." Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Management 4, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35166/jipm.401.0017.
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Cities in developing countries are facing intertwined urban mobility challenges: urban sprawl and traffic jam.Having not enough reliable and standardized public transport supply means the residents are forced to opt fortraveling by private vehicles such as cars or motorcycles. There is a swell of tailpipe emission and economiclosses due to traffic jam. Overcoming urban sprawl and at the same time building massive public transport isnot an easy feat to accomplish, as both require immense investments and years of construction. Therefore, citiesmust have innovative plans to increase public-transport coverage and articulate density through paratransitformalization & digitalization, demand management, and land consolidation.
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Yang, Mao Sheng, Guan Jing Xiao, and Jian Feng Liang. "Based on the Matter Element Analysis of Urban Subway Traffic Service Level Evaluation Research." Advanced Materials Research 598 (November 2012): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.598.202.
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This paper is analyzed based on extension learn matter-element theory, combined with urban subway traffic service status, constituting the urban subway service level evaluation model and AHP. Taking Xi'an Metro Line 2 as the object of study determine the weight coefficient of each index and establish correlation function, in order to calculate the index of correlation and give a quantitative numerical representation of evaluation results. Finally, we can get the result that the Metro Line 2 of the traffic service level is good. This evaluation system can also be applied to other urban subway transportation service level evaluation.
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Huaquín, Mario. "ACOUSTIC PLANNING OF URBAN SPACE." Akustika 32 (March 1, 2019): 316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika201932316.
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Urban planning requires multiple instruments to organize a city. The growth process requires adapt to political, economic, technological changes, incorporating urban factors, architectural design concepts, and also acoustic, for public and private space more friendly with the environment. Noise as pollutant of public and private space, generated mainly by vehicular traffic, increases noise by the presence of buildings on both sides of streets, depending on its shape, materiality, height, and distance between facades. Direct sound when reflected in facades returns as a secondary source. These multiple reflections added to the direct sound, produce a "residual noise". Then time variable, when the passage of vehicles is continuous, an observer can define a linear source in constant generation. The persistence of the noise can reach 3 seconds. Original source, residual noise and the persistence of noise over time its the phenomenon called environmental noise, associated with the design and shape of cities.
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Belhadi, Asma, Youcef Djenouri, Djamel Djenouri, and Jerry Chun-Wei Lin. "A recurrent neural network for urban long-term traffic flow forecasting." Applied Intelligence 50, no. 10 (May 16, 2020): 3252–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-01716-1.
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Abstract This paper investigates the use of recurrent neural network to predict urban long-term traffic flows. A representation of the long-term flows with related weather and contextual information is first introduced. A recurrent neural network approach, named RNN-LF, is then proposed to predict the long-term of flows from multiple data sources. Moreover, a parallel implementation on GPU of the proposed solution is developed (GRNN-LF), which allows to boost the performance of RNN-LF. Several experiments have been carried out on real traffic flow including a small city (Odense, Denmark) and a very big city (Beijing). The results reveal that the sequential version (RNN-LF) is capable of dealing effectively with traffic of small cities. They also confirm the scalability of GRNN-LF compared to the most competitive GPU-based software tools when dealing with big traffic flow such as Beijing urban data.
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Zhang, Yan, and Oh Kyoung Kwon. "Location Decision of City Logistics Facility Based on Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 33 (October 2010): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.33.351.
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The concept of city logistics facilities is to help establish more efficient urban logistics systems for both private companies and society, reduce the total social and environmental costs of urban freight transport and improve the urban traffic conditions on the road network. This study adopts a fuzzy synthetic evaluation method to determine the optimal location of city logistics facilities.
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Dimitriou, Loukas, and Athanasios Ziliaskopoulos. "Monitoring Signalized Urban Networks: Dynamic Equilibrium-Free Model Based on a Discrete-Time Optimal Control Formulation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2667, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2667-01.
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Monitoring traffic operations in a detailed manner and at the network level is a fundamental component in optimal traffic systems control. Especially in the case of urban signalized networks, accurate and reliable systems monitoring is essential for applying a wide range of control strategies, mechanisms, and concepts, such as information provision, signal control, and optimal routing. This paper presents a discrete-time optimal control scheme for monitoring urban signalized networks, augmenting real-time traffic information with a dynamic traffic model. A detailed representation of network traffic based on the cell transmission model was dynamically calibrated with a quasi-Newton nonlinear process that could tackle optimization cases of noncontinuous variables by approximating derivatives and performing a line search. An alternative network loading assumption was tested. The loading process covering all network links’ flows relied not on complex dynamic equilibrium assumptions that could infer unnecessary estimation inaccuracies but on the combined estimation of entry flows and turning proportions at each intersection. Results from the application of the proposed framework on a realistic urban network provide encouraging evidence of its value for monitoring realistic urban traffic systems.
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Dixon, Michael P. "Calibrating and Validating TRAF-NETSIM Model of Single-Point Urban Interchange." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1591, no. 1 (January 1997): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1591-06.
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A model of a single-point urban interchange (SPUI) was calibrated and validated using the traffic simulation program (TRAF-NETSIM). The model was calibrated on the basis of field observations at several existing SPUIs, and the model was validated on the basis of measures of effectiveness at a prototype interchange. Statistical analyses of several parameters were performed to determine confidence intervals and decile distributions and to compare values and distributions with defaults provided in TRAF-NETSIM. Other parameters were verified by informal field observations at the prototype interchange. The validation of the model demonstrated that TRAF-NETSIM can adequately represent traffic operations at a SPUI. Observations regarding the SPUI will provide additional insight into SPUI traffic operational characteristics. The methodology used to calibrate and validate the model of the SPUI should also be applicable to other modeling applications, ensuring a realistic and accurate representation of traffic operational conditions in a transportation system.
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Stan, Ioan, Vasile Suciu, and Rodica Potolea. "Scalable Data Model for Traffic Congestion Avoidance in a Vehicle to Cloud Infrastructure." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 5074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155074.
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Traffic congestion experience in urban areas has negative impact on our daily lives by consuming our time and resources. Intelligent Transportation Systems can provide the necessary infrastructure to mitigate such challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel and scalable solution to model, store and control traffic data based on range query data structures (K-ary Interval Tree and K-ary Entry Point Tree) which allows data representation and handling in a way that better predicts and avoids traffic congestion in urban areas. Our experiments, validation scenarios, performance measurements and solution assessment were done on Brooklyn, New York traffic congestion simulation scenario and shown the validity, reliability, performance and scalability of the proposed solution in terms of time spent in traffic, run-time and memory usage. The experiments on the proposed data structures simulated up to 10,000 vehicles having microseconds time to access traffic information and below 1.5 s for congestion free route generation in complex scenarios. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first scalable approach that can be used to predict urban traffic and avoid congestion through range query data structure traffic modelling.
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Obaid, Mohammed, and Arpad Torok. "Macroscopic Traffic Simulation of Autonomous Vehicle Effects." Vehicles 3, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3020012.
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The increasing worldwide demand on urban road transportation systems requires more restrictive measures and policies to reduce congestion, time delay and pollution. Autonomous vehicle mobility services, both shared and private, are possibly a good step towards a better road transportation future. This article aims to study the expected impact of private autonomous vehicles on road traffic parameters from a macroscopic level. The proposed methodology focuses on finding the different effects of different combinations of autonomous vehicle penetration and Passenger Car Units (PCU) on the chosen road traffic model. Four parameters are studied: traveled daily kilometers, daily hours, total daily delay and average network speed. The analysis improves the four parameters differently by implementing autonomous vehicles. The parameter total delay has the most significant reduction. Finally, several mathematical models are developed for the percentage of improvement for each chosen parameter.
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Liu, Zicheng, Naiqi Wu, and Kaizhou Gao. "Urban Traffic Light Control Considering Capacity Difference Between Public Bus and Private Vehicles." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 142664–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3119663.
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Clark, Stephen D., and Matthew W. Page. "Cycling and Urban Traffic Management and Control Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1705, no. 1 (January 2000): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1705-12.
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Since the 1950s, cycling has been a declining mode of travel in the United Kingdom. During this same period, sophisticated techniques for managing traffic in the urban environment have been developed. Given these circumstances, the presence of cyclists is often ignored by urban traffic control (UTC) systems, which are dominated by consideration of the flows and journey times of private motorized vehicles. Authorities are enthusiastic about the promotion of cycling as a mode of travel and are looking to see if this can be assisted by use of traffic management systems. The fact that cyclists and potential cyclists vary considerably in their abilities and performance, as well as in their attitudes to timesaving and safety, is highlighted. The context of the problem is set, the specific issue of detection of cycles is examined, the potential for implementation of priority measures in different types of UTC systems is discussed, and the issue is illustrated with some actual installations. Limited European evidence would suggest that only minimum effort is needed to take explicit account of cycling when a UTC system is being implemented. This supports the idea that cyclists can be given a higher degree of consideration within a UTC system without incurring significant additional costs. Only when cycling achieves a near-dominant proportion of the trips within a city and is growing in volume, as is the case in China, is explicit consideration to cyclists given.
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Mao, Xinhua, Changwei Yuan, Jiahua Gan, and Shiqing Zhang. "Risk Factors Affecting Traffic Accidents at Urban Weaving Sections: Evidence from China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9 (May 1, 2019): 1542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091542.
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As a critical configuration of interchanges, the weaving section is inclined to be involved in more traffic accidents, which may bring about severe casualties. To identify the factors associated with traffic accidents at the weaving section, we employed the multinomial logistic regression approach to identify the correlation between six categories of risk factors (drivers’ attributes, weather conditions, traffic characteristics, driving behavior, vehicle types and temporal-spatial distribution) and four types of traffic accidents (rear-end, side wipe, collision with fixtures and rollover) based on 768 accident samples of an observed weaving section from 2016 to 2018. The modeling results show that drivers’ gender and age, weather condition, traffic density, weaving ratio, vehicle speed, lane change behavior, private cars, season, time period, day of week and accident location are important factors affecting traffic accidents at the weaving section, but they have different contributions to the four traffic accident types. The results also show that traffic density of ≥31 vehicle/100 m has the highest risk of causing rear-end accidents, weaving ration of ≥41% has the highest possibility to bring about a side wipe incident, collision with fixtures is the most likely to happen in snowy weather, and rollover is the most likely incident to occur in rainy weather.
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Schuchardt, Bianca I., Dagi Geister, Thomas Lüken, Franz Knabe, Isabel C. Metz, Niklas Peinecke, and Karolin Schweiger. "Air Traffic Management as a Vital Part of Urban Air Mobility—A Review of DLR’s Research Work from 1995 to 2022." Aerospace 10, no. 1 (January 14, 2023): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10010081.
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Urban air mobility is a rapidly growing field of research. While drones or unmanned aerial vehicles have been operated mainly in the private and military sector in the past, an increasing range of opportunities is opening up for commercial applications. A new multitude of passenger-carrying drone or air taxi concepts promises to fulfill the dream of flying above congested urban areas. While early research has been focusing on vehicle development, solutions for urban air traffic management are lagging behind. This paper collects and reviews the main findings of past urban-air-mobility-related research projects at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) to serve as a basis for ongoing research from an air traffic management perspective.
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Shang, Qiang, Zhaosheng Yang, Song Gao, and Derong Tan. "An Imputation Method for Missing Traffic Data Based on FCM Optimized by PSO-SVR." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2935248.
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Missing traffic data are inevitable due to detector failure or communication failure. Currently, most of imputation methods estimated the missing traffic values by using spatial-temporal information as much as possible. However, it ignores an important fact that spatial-temporal information of the traffic missing data is often incomplete and unavailable. Moreover, most of the existing methods are verified by traffic data from freeway, and their applicability to urban road data needs to be further verified. In this paper, a hybrid method for missing traffic data imputation is proposed using FCM optimized by a combination of PSO algorithm and SVR. In this method, FCM is the basic algorithm and the parameters of FCM are optimized. Firstly, the patterns of missing traffic data are analyzed and the representation of missing traffic data is given using matrix-based data structure. Then, traffic data from urban expressway and urban arterial road are used to analyze spatial-temporal correlation of the traffic data for the determination of the proposed method input. Finally, numerical experiment is designed from three perspectives to test the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that the novel method not only has high imputation precision, but also exhibits good robustness.
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Liu, Gengyu. "Traffic-related pollution history (1994–2014) determined using urban lake sediments from Nanjing, China." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 2, 2021): e0255395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255395.
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With the development of urbanisation and the increasing number of modern vehicles, traffic contamination has become an important source of environmental pollution. Most previous studies have focused on using roadside soil or plants to determine the spatial pattern of traffic pollutants along roads and the factors that influence this pattern, whereas few studies have reconstructed pollution histories caused by traffic using suitable methods. In this study, two gravity cores were obtained from Qianhu Lake, which is in the Zhongshan tourist area of Nanjing City and is distant from industrial areas. An accurate chronological framework covering the period from 1994 to 2014 was established using the correlation between the variation in grain size of the sediment cores and the variation in annual rainfall in Nanjing City. Moreover, magnetic and chemical parameters were also measured, and the results demonstrated that concentration-related magnetic parameters exhibited different correlations with different heavy metal concentrations. These correlations were significantly positive for Zn, Pb, and Co; weakly positive for Ni; absent for Cr; and negative for V. Combined with statistical data on industrial emissions and private cars in Nanjing City since 1994, the observed variations in magnetic susceptibility, anhysteretic remanent magnetisation, saturation isothermal remanent magnetisation, Zn, Pb, and Co, were controlled by traffic activities in the tourist area but not by industry. Therefore, the variations in these parameters record the traffic pollution history of the study area. Combined with the obtained chronological framework, the traffic-related pollution history could be divided into two stages: 1) from 1994 to 2003, when traffic-related pollution became increasingly serious because of the exponential increase in the number of private cars and the prosperity of tourism; 2) from 2003 to 2014, when traffic-related pollution continuously increased but at a much slower rate than in stage 1. This slower rate of increase was probably related to the maximum carrying capacity of the tourist area and technological innovations in automobile manufacturing, as well as improvements in fuels.
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Jahangeer, Farrah. "Acoustic comfort in the living environment and its association with noise representation: A systematic review." SHS Web of Conferences 64 (2019): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196403012.
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Noise is commonly known to have adverse health effects on residents in urban living environment. In the past, great focus has been placed on the impact of external traffic noise on residents’ health and the development of urban noise mapping. On the other hand, neighbourhood noise − a combination of noise generated from outside residences and noise generated from within residences − are also considered to be as detrimental as external traffic noise and are yet to be widely investigated. This paper focuses on the systematic review of studies assessing neighbourhood noise with the intention of determining the presence of architectural variables and methods of noise representation for micro-scale areas. 153 articles are retrieved from specific research databases and out of which 12 were considered to be relevant to the study. The results indicate that architectural variables present in the studies were mostly related to the analysis of external traffic noise and that representation of noise in analyses were rarely devised which highlights the need for further investigation in this area.
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Maghribi, Wildan Okto Bilal, Eko Priyo Purnomo, and Ajree D. Malawani. "SPRAWLING AND URBAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: IMPACT IN YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA." Natapraja 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jnp.v9i1.31410.
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This article examines the sprawling and urban transportation system in Yogyakarta City. The development and Population increasing will affect the habits of the community in using private vehicles. This article uses qualitative methods and data collection techniques are through the study of literature by finding written sources. The main sources are literature books, scientific papers, national and international scientific journals related to this research. The results of this study found that the implications of the urban transportation system in Yogyakarta still could not meet the community's need for effective and efficient urban transportation, this phenomenon had an impact on urban air quality which possibly decreasing every year and the use of private vehicles that were considered more practical by the society had resulted in density traffic, the solution and improvement of the urban transportation system needs to be done to reduce the environmental impact and habitual use of private vehicles.
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Jovanovic, Miomir. "Urban transport energy consumption: Belgrade case study." Thermal Science 19, no. 6 (2015): 2079–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci141106039j.
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More than half of the global population now lives in towns and cities. At the same time, transport has become the highest single energy-consuming human activity. Hence, one of the major topics today is the reduction of urban transport demand and of energy consumption in cities. In this article we focused on the whole package of instruments that can reduce energy consumption and transport demand in Belgrade, a city that is currently at a major crossroad. Belgrade can prevent a dramatic increase in energy consumption and CO2 emissions (and mitigate the negative local environmental effects of traffic congestion, traffic accidents and air pollution), only if it: 1) implements a more decisive strategy to limit private vehicles use while its level of car passenger km (PKT) is still relatively low; 2) does not try to solve its transport problems only by trying to build urban road infrastructure (bridges and ring roads); and 3) if it continues to provide priority movement for buses (a dominant form of public transport), while 4) at the same time developing urban rail systems (metro or LRT) with exclusive tracks, immune to the traffic congestion on urban streets.
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Qi, Yangyang, and Zesheng Cheng. "Research on Traffic Congestion Forecast Based on Deep Learning." Information 14, no. 2 (February 9, 2023): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14020108.
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In recent years, the rapid economic development of China, the increase of the urban population, the continuous growth of private car ownership, the uneven distribution of traffic flow, and the local congestion of the road network have caused traffic congestion. Traffic congestion has become an inevitable problem in the process of urban development, bringing hazards and hidden dangers to citizens’ travel and urban development. The management of traffic congestion first lies in the accurate completion of the identification of road traffic status and the need to predict road congestion in the city, so as to improve the use rate of urban infrastructure road facilities and better alleviate road congestion. In this study, a deep spatial and temporal network model (DSGCN) for predicting traffic congestion status is proposed. First, our study divides the traffic network into grids, where each grid represents a different independent region. In this paper, the centroids of the grid regions are abstracted as nodes, and the dynamic correlations between the nodes are expressed in the form of adjacency matrix. Then, Graph Convolutional Neural Network is used to capture the spatial correlation between regions and a two-layer long and short-term feature model (DSTM) is used to capture the temporal correlation between regions. Finally, the DSGCN outperforms other baseline models and has higher accuracy for traffic congestion prediction as demonstrated by experiments on real PeMS datasets.
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Jafari, Sadiqa, Zeinab Shahbazi, and Yung-Cheol Byun. "Traffic Control Prediction Design Based on Fuzzy Logic and Lyapunov Approaches to Improve the Performance of Road Intersection." Processes 9, no. 12 (December 7, 2021): 2205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9122205.
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Due to the increasing use of private cars for urbanization and urban transport, the travel time of urban transportation is increasing. People spend a lot of time in the streets, and the queue length of waiting increases accordingly; this has direct effects on fuel consumption too. Traffic flow forecasts and traffic light schedules were studied separately in the urban traffic system. This paper presents a new stable TS (Takagi–Sugeno) fuzzy controller for urban traffic. The state-space dynamics are utilized to formulate both the vehicle’s average waiting time at an isolated intersection and the length of queues. A fuzzy intelligent controller is designed for light control based upon the length of the queue, and eventually, the system’s stability is proved using the Lyapunov theorem. Moreover, the input variables are the length of queue and number of input or output vehicles from each lane. The simulation results describe the appearance of the proposed controller. An illustrative example is also given to show the proposed method’s effectiveness; the suggested method is more efficient than both the conventional fuzzy traffic controllers and the fixed time controller.
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Liu, Jian, Hongjiang Zheng, Wei Chen, and Huiheng Liu. "A Distribution Method of High Precise Differential Corrections for a Network Beidou/RTK System Based on Vehicular Networks." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 15, no. 5 (April 1, 2015): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cait-2015-0024.
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Abstract In recent years urban traffic safety has become a widely concerned issue due to the increasing traffic accidents caused by the growth of private car ownership. A very promising method is to provide high precision navigation service to prevent accidents. Therefore, a Network BDS/RTK System Based on Vehicular Networks (NBRSBVNs) is proposed for high precision positioning in an urban complex traffic environment in this paper. This system considers comprehensively the characteristics of the vehicular network and network RTK techniques, and also provides a new distribution method of high precision differential correction information. According to the massive field tests, this system scheme can support real-time and online high precision navigation service of multiple users at the same time. It has important practical significance in applications for vehicles active safety in a complex urban environment.