Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Urban policy – case studies'
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Kobayashi, Yoko 1974. "Complete "and" cooperate through industry cluster public policy : a Connecticut case." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67744.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 87-89).
Even though the cluster-led economic development has received wide attention among policy makers since the 1900s, the ways it is implemented has been questioned by several researchers. One of the criticisms is that policy makers lack the understanding of specific causes of companies to cluster. Therefore, my thesis examines whether the public sector can enhance competitiveness of industries through the cluster-led economic development policy. More specifically, I analyze the Industry Cluster Initiative in Connecticut from the perspective of industries' competitive situation, using the BioScience Cluster and the Aerospace Manufacturing Components Cluster as cases. I use the analytical framework that I developed based on the following theories, which explain why companies cluster: theories of agglomeration economies and what I call "new theories of competition." This framework examines three dimensions of industries: (1) competitive situation, (2) drivers for clustering, and (3) the need of policy supports. I also examine how the public sector (state of Connecticut) responded to the industries' needs. The main findings are that first, clustering is one way for companies to effectively respond to their respective competitive situation. Second, the public sector can effectively support the competitive strength of industries and critical roles are: (1) to encourage creating cluster organizations through which companies start collaboration, and (2) to provide a menu of public sector supports that are available for companies in respective clusters according to their priority needs. This menu addresses both: (1) cluster specific issues, and (2) cross-cutting economic infrastructure issues. Ultimately, my argument is that when the clustering makes economic or strategic sense, the industry cluster approach can be an effective strategy for the public sector to promote the development of the industry. Finally, I suggest policy implications and areas for future research: other forms of competition in the global economy, possible trade-offs among activated clusters, difference between cluster organizations and trade associations, possible mismatch between political and economic boundaries, mechanism to align related departments, and merit of choosing the industry cluster approach over other economic development strategies.
by Yoko Kobayashi.
M.C.P.
Minter, Susan Miriam. "Linking environmental policy with economic development : a case study in urban recycling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68737.
Full textHammer, Stephen Alan. "Urban policy for renewable energy : case studies of New York and London." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1899/.
Full textWorkman, H. M. "Accessibility and public transport in Sheffield : case studies of policy implementation." Thesis, Open University, 1986. http://oro.open.ac.uk/56923/.
Full textFeldman, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Michael). "Protectionism as an industrial policy : the case of the United States automobile industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73272.
Full textMICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: leaves 199-217.
by Jonathan Michael Feldman.
M.C.P.
Chen, Weili 1963. "Visual display of spatial information : a case study of the South End Development Policy Plan." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65018.
Full textTitle as it appears in the M.I.T. Graduate List, June 1990: Visual display of spatially oriented quantitative information.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-101).
by Weili Chen.
M.C.P.
Chen, Julie 1963. "The privatization of land development and parastatal policy in developing countries : a case study in Tunisia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65032.
Full textPan, Yue M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Optimal subsidy policy to promote building energy efficiency under uncertainty : the case for architectural design subsidies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105059.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-54).
The goal of this thesis is to examine the relative cost-effectiveness of subsidies in incentivizing energy efficiency investment using a real option framework. I generalize a model of a sequential investment project involving two stages, design and construction stage, and investment lags and incorporate explicit consideration of dynamic subsidies. I apply this model to green construction projects and study how design subsidies and rent subsidies incentivizes investment in green buildings. My research questions address the impact of subsidies on the trigger prices for the two stages as well as that on the instantaneous project value. Although both design and rent subsidies can reduce trigger prices and enhance project value, design subsidies cost less both in reducing the first-stage trigger to a certain threshold and in inducing firms to switch from inefficient projects to efficient ones. Lastly, I evaluate the comparative statics of investment, showing how the patterns of lags and demand uncertainty affect the effectiveness of both subsidies. A noteworthy result is that quality switching from an inefficient project to an green alternative is more likely to occur when the uncertainty is smaller or the length of the construction stage is shorter.
by Yue Pan.
M.C.P.
Qase, Nomawethu. "Energy policy, informal sector and urban household livelihoods : a case study of meat traders in the Western Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5283.
Full textThis dissertation highlights the links between energy, informal sector and urban household livelihoods. The critical argument is that energy is a key input in some of the informal sector activities such as street food vending which is dominant in urban environments. The energy needs of the street food vendors are easily visible to the eye, because street food vendors are found everywhere on the street comers, taxi ranks, and other places where there is a proven flow of people. Despite this, the energy needs for informal sector activities are not well integrated into policies and strategies aimed at supporting the development of the informal sector. To address this situation, it is recommended that energy policy makers need to revise the current conceptualisation of the household sub-sector in order to incorporate energy planning for income generation.
Baker, Lou 1961. "U.S. Forest Service policy in northern New Mexico : a case study of the Hassell Report--1967-2000." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64555.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 79-87).
As a result of a court house raid in Tierra Amarilla, New Mexico, on June 5, 1967, these actions of local landgrant activists made national headlines and elicited highlevel interest in the land management practices of the United States Forest Service (USFS) in northern New Mexico.' These actions were instrumental in convening the Mexican-American Conference in El Paso, Texas in October 21, 1967. After attending the Mexican-American Conference, Southwest Regional Forester William D. Hurst initiated the study that resulted in the Hassell Report and lead to the subsequent creation of the Region 3 Policy. The Hassell Report was an assessment of the needs of the rural forest-dependent communities and as such, was not based on data and statistics but rather on qualitative community input. The subsequent policy implemented by Hurst on March 6, 1972, "...summarized and embodied some of the recommendations of the Hassell Report." Since its creation a century ago, the Forest Service has recognized the effects of forest management on local communities and has rhetorically embraced populist ideals to serve people and communities. But the strategies adopted by the Forest Service for meeting local community needs - Region 3 Policy - has failed to achieve this goal. This approach conflicts with ideals of and trends towards participation, posing a question of whether it remains viable in contemporary society. This managerial posture suggests why the USFS has experienced escalating conflict and eroding public confidence in its management of the national forests in northern New Mexico. One of the lessons of this case study is that attempting to address economic and cultural issues and actually implementing study recommendations into actions is two entirely different things. "A brilliant policy can easily flounder on the rocks of bureaucratic inertia, but such a policy, as in the case of northern New Mexico, may also acquire a life and constituency of its own and continue to influence the affairs of a region."
by Lou Baker.
M.C.P.
Webster, Joseph. "Municipal solid waste policy and universities : a case study of the Cambridge Mandatory Recycling Ordinance and MIT." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70693.
Full textMaclin, Stephen Alexander. "A democratic governance approach to urban economic development policymaking." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37427.
Full textPh. D.
張裕積 and Yu-chik Jacky Cheung. "The role of work unit (Danwei) in urban housing reform of China: a case study on Guangzhou." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128663.
Full textNishimura, Yasuyuki 1969. "Application of dynamic strategic planning to urban transit projects : case studies of Boston and Osaka." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80187.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 139-142).
by Yasuyuki Nishimura.
S.M.
Ahmad, Supian bin. "Rural-urban migration and regional policy in Peninsular Malaysia : a case study of the Klang Valley region." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329714.
Full textDurán, Ortiz Juan Pablo. "Political economy, public policy, power structures, and human rights violations : the case of internally displaced persons in Colombia between 1993 and 2010." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101297.
Full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 161-177).
Colombia is the second country with most displaced persons in the world, and one of the worst in human rights violations. Despite the popular believe that these human rights violations are due to the internal conflict with guerillas, this thesis found that rather, the largest share of violence, displacement, and human rights violations are due to development and linked with specific economic projects. Colombia has had three peaks of violence and humanitarian crisis. The first two were due to a reorganization in the power structures of the country. However, the last and worst peak of violence in Colombia is due to a specific economic agenda. It began with the imposition of the neoliberal ideology in the nineties. Neoliberalism made the State weaker which allowed a momentary coalition between the ruling class and the drug dealers who grabbed land from poor peasants and from the State in order to obtain financial gains. This thesis also studies how national and international elites were able to take advantage of every stage in the US foreign policy, and in the Bretton Woods Institutions policies in order to create new forms of speculative wealth. This process has created around 10 million of hectares of monopolized land, and more than 7 million of victims. The vast majority of the victims are poor and unarmed peasants. Research findings also suggest that the current peace process will deepen the existing development model, which uses internal violence as a tool for 'development'. The peace agreement with guerrillas only will be possible under principles of impunity for "the ruling coalition", legalization of denuded lands based on "property rights" principles, a greater regression in land reform, and the imposition of "Free Trade" and "Market Discipline" for Colombia in its relations with international partners.
by Juan Pablo Durán Ortiz.
S.M.
Law, Yeuk-tim, and 羅躍添. "Social cost of urban renewal: a case study ofthe urban renewal scheme in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968284.
Full textHou, Xueyuan 1983. "One-Child Families in Urban Dalian: A Case Study of the Consequences of Current Family Planning Practices in China." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9912.
Full textImplemented as one of the basic national polices of China since 1978, the one-child policy has brought both advantages and disadvantages to one-child families in urban China. This thesis explores the various consequences of current family planning practices in urban Dalian. It explains the ways in which the implementation of the policy has influenced urban one-child families' everyday life and how parents and single children handle the policy. Urban parents have accepted the state requirement for limited births and have adopted new child-rearing practices to raise their "only hope" in the changing socioeconomic context. Single children receive comprehensive parental attention and support and are widely considered as spoiled "little emperors/empresses". But at the same time they experience great pressure to perform with academic excellence in order to be capable to excel in the competition of the global market economy. Gender norms are in transition. Urban single daughters are empowered by the benefits brought by low fertility produced by the policy. As the first generation of single children grows up, their families are now confronted with the crucial issue of the "four-two-one" (four grandparents, two parents, one child) problem, which impacts the future of the one-child policy.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Ina Asim, Chair; Dr. Kathie Carpenter; Dr. Alisa Freedman
Sturgeon, Lianne Renee. "The Impact of Transportation Network Companies on Public Transit: A Case Study at the San Francisco International Airport." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1318.
Full textRoth, Kellyn E. (Kellyn Elizabeth) 1975. "The air pollution implications of the residential sector : case study of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29951.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 121-131).
The residential sector has been a long-acknowledged, but seldom-addressed, source of air pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). The combination of high emission levels and large numbers of people directly exposed means that the indoor environment is a unique situation. If current trends of demographic growth, urbanization and increased appliance saturation continue, the urgency to address residential sector emissions will increase considerably. Additionally, households have wide-reaching impacts on many sectors including industry through the demand for appliances, power generation and fuel suppliers through the demand for energy, services through the demand for infrastructure, and many more. Through recent efforts, researchers at MIT and in Mexico have attempted to understand and represent the residential sector, to identify and mitigate emissions release and exposure, most of which is energy-related. To reduce energy consumption, and thus emissions, in the home several strategies have been considered: reduced and improved use of fuel; increased energy efficiency; fuel leakage prevention and improved practices; improved building efficiency; and improved fuel transmission and delivery. Another issue of concern in this sector is the use of toxic solvents. Household air pollution reduction strategy outcomes are difficult to predict because of the diversity of households (e.g., size, income, location) within the residential sector. Determination of the factors that affect energy consumption and household behavior would be very useful to decision makers as they develop more targeted policies for the provision of energy services and reduction of household-generated emissions.
by Kellyn E. Roth.
S.M.
Spencer, Paul. "Investigating local creative industries development initiatives in England : case studies in Urban South Hampshire, 2011-14." Thesis, University of Winchester, 2017. http://repository.winchester.ac.uk/856/.
Full textRodrigues, António Filipe Monteiro dos Santos Vieira. "Urbanismo e Pobreza - Caso prático da Ameixoeira." Master's thesis, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/96.
Full textNeste trabalho, após um relembrar de conceitos e da descrição das dimensões da pobreza e suas várias concepções, procurou-se retratar a zona da amostra, fazendo-se ainda um levantamento da qualidade urbanística e dos equipamentos mais significativos e aferindo-se do êxito, ou não, das políticas de habitação introduzidas, para se concluir pela proposta de soluções adequadas à situação.
In this work after remembering the concepts and the description of the dimensions of the poverty and it’s several conceptions, were looked to portray the zone of the sample, also making a survey of the urbanistic quality and the most significant equipment and analysing the success, or not, of the introduced politics of habitation, to conclude for the proposal of adequate solutions to the situation.
McConnell, Joshua B. (Joshua Bryan) 1974. "A life-cycle flexibility framework for designing, evaluating and managing "complex" real options : case studies in urban transportation and aircraft systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39334.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
Designing a flexible system with real options is a method for managing uncertainty. This research introduces the concept of "complex" real options, which are composed of interconnected echnological, organizational and process components. "Complex" real options differ from the "standard" real options described in the literature in the option life-cycle activities of design, evaluation and management. To address the challenges posed by "complex" real options, the Life-Cycle Flexibility (LCF) Framework was created. The framework addresses issues along the entire life-cycle of an option, in both technical and social system dimensions. Two case studies were considered in this research to better understand "complex" real options and test the LCF Framework: 1) a large blended wing body aircraft in a commercial aircraft manufacturing enterprise and, 2) Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) capabilities in an urban region with multiple public and private stakeholders. For the case studies, both a quantitative and qualitative analysis was completed. System dynamics and traffic demand models were used to quantitatively evaluate flexibility for each case study. Forty interviews with practitioners were conducted to better understand the practical challenges associated with flexible systems.
(cont.) This research found that there are significant differences between "standard" and "complex" real options. In the design phase, enterprise architecture issues must be considered either as a precursor or simultaneously with the design of the option. In the evaluation stage, option valuation techniques more sophisticated than those found in the real options literature were needed to value the "complex" real options. In the management stage, political considerations were of great importance as political opposition could prevent option exercise from occurring. Without the LCF framework, existing processes for evaluating real options are not adequate for taking into account the interacting technical, organizational and process components of 'complex" real options. In summary, this research provides new insights into the design, evaluation and management of "complex" real options.
by Joshua Bryan McConnell.
Ph.D.
Inglesant, P. "Public policy, technology and lived experience : three case studies of technology in support of urban transport policies in London." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445599/.
Full textLee, Elizabeth H. "Perceptions and Evaluation of an Urban Environment for Pedestrian Friendliness: A Case Study." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/391.
Full textWong, Chi-hung, and 黃志鴻. "Urban renewal policy in Hong Kong: an analysis of its formulation and implementation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30110865.
Full textClose, Bowen. "Niche to Mainstream in Sustainable Urban Food Systems: The Case of Food Distribution in Portland, Oregon." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2006. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/9.
Full textPham, Khanh Katherine. "Between a Rock and a Hot Place: Economic Development and Climate Change Adaptation in Vietnam." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4498.
Full textGreco, Michael Angelo III. ""Riots and Sociability : a case study of human interaction networks in Qatif Saudi Arabia"." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95576.
Full textThesis: S.M. in Technology Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 78-81).
Since the onset of the Arab Spring in late 2010, waves of political activism have reverberated across much of the Arab world. A growing body of literature has emerged that explores how new communications and social media technologies have contributed to, and in certain cases instigated various forms of collective action. However, little research has examined the effect of these activities on communication patterns themselves. This thesis aims to investigate the reorganization of sociability under civil duress at an aggregate, urban scale. The study employs a novel approach to communications analysis, applying the Synthetic Control Method to estimate the causal effect of riots on different characteristics of human interaction within Qatif, Saudi Arabia, after an exogenous shock triggered a surge in public demonstrations. The analysis reveals a strong, statistically significant drop in total call volume, relative to other cities in Saudi Arabia. This is combined with a similarly strong and statistically significant drop in unique daily callers-demonstrating that people weren't only making fewer calls, fewer people were participating in the telecom network each day. Interestingly, daily phone activity is shown to increase within the subnetwork of users identified to hold strong spatiotemporal ties to the city, even though their total activity measures (which include connections both internal and external to the subnetwork) remain constant. This suggests a shift in callee preference for individuals who are more directly affected by urban unrest. Lastly, information transmission tests are performed on Qatif's pre and post treatment interaction networks. Initial research shows that-beyond a 26% diffusion threshold-information reaches more people faster through the post treatment network. This provides some support to the hypothesis that communities under duress intelligently reorganize communications to increase dissemination speed and breadth, however, further research will be required to refine these findings and demonstrate a causal link.
by Michael Angelo Greco III.
M.C.P.
S.M. in Technology Policy
Beem, Lisa A. "Connecting Urban Residents to Their Watershed with Green Stormwater Infrastructure: A case study of Thornton Creek in Seattle, Washington." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/339.
Full textLau, Wai-keung, and 劉偉強. "Recreation planning and provision of urban open spaces for elderly in Hong Kong: a case study in Mongkok." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258931.
Full textWilliams, Richard A. Sr. "Post-Katrina Retention of Law Enforcement Officers: A Case Study of the New Orleans Police Department." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2500.
Full textLee, Chang-Bin. "An investigation into the interrelationship between tourism and cultural policy in the discourse of urban regeneration : case studies in Birmingham and Liverpool." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5080/.
Full textChoo, YeunKyung. "Strategies for Urban Cultural Policy: The Case of the Hub City of Asian Culture Gwangju, South Korea." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1420732989.
Full textMeekyaa, U. J. "Housing and urban development policy for small towns in Nigeria : An evaluative and prospective study for housing and urban development in small towns with case studies in Benue State." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376827.
Full textOnyebueke, Victor Udemezue. "Policy implications of the spatial and structural relationships of the informal and formal business sectors in urban Nigeria : the case of Enugu (1990-2010)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79889.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: The 21st Century is witnessing the concurrence of neoliberal globalisation and widespread informalisation. To this extent, the informal sector or economy is perceived as a permanent ‘feature of modern capitalist development’ (Chen 2007: 2). Its expansion, particularly in developing countries, has far reaching implications for employment generation, occupational or livelihood diversification, urban form dynamics, urban planning, as well as the general economic outcome. The historical evolutionary truth of the informal origin of most businesses coupled with the reality of informal-formal sector continuum gives credence to the critical imperative of multi-path development regime that does not consider the informal sector as a dead end. Consequently, the research explored the policy implications of the spatial and structural relationships between the informal and formal business sectors in urban Nigeria. The study region is viewed from the prism of Enugu, the major administrative centre in the southeast region of the country. Here, spatial-structural causalities at the city level are conjectured as surrogates of the globalisation-induced transformations occurring in the country from 1990 to 2010 (Andranovich & Riposa 1993). The research sought to: one, examine the extent relationships between the distribution structures of two economic segments in the city; and two, explore the changes in inter-sectoral linkages and the urban business landscape mediated by the global-local economic changes. To guide the study, two research hypotheses were formulated, viz.: (1) to prove whether or not some significant spatial/structural relationships exist between the distribution of informal and formal business units in the study area; and (2) to verify if the observed changes in the spatial and structural relationships between the two segments are accounted for by the same sets of physical, economic, and socio-cultural variables. The study made use of primary and secondary data, which were collected via mixed research methods. The proportional stratified sampling was used where necessary. The primary data were collected through casual observation/recognisance, photographic and questionnaire surveys, and semi-structured personal interviews; while the secondary data were sourced from literature review, maps and databanks of local governments and Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS). The data analytical procedure involved data reduction and hypotheses testing. The former technique consists of sectoral aggregation (the segmentation by coherent attribute-sectors) and spatial aggregation (translation from quantitative into spatial dimensions) (Wang & Vom Hofe 2007), while the latter required the use of Spatial Statistics Analysis toolsets of the ArGIS software and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the SPSS package. The Spatial Statistics Analysis (the Spatial Autocorrelation or Moran’s I index) and PCA results permitted the rejection of the two null hypotheses respectively. The Moran’s I index is 0.16 with a Z score of 159.78 at a significant level of .01 and critical value of 2.58, revealing a highly clustered spatial association (or dependence) between the informal and formal business distribution in the study area. Based on the eigenvalues of 10 selected variables, the PCA extracted three major determinants of the observed spatial-structural causalities, namely: socio-economic and cultural traits or business ethos, client base and market control, and physical environment/business transaction mode. The findings challenges the received model of Nigeria retail hierarchy, and among the key recommendations for guaranteeing stronger informal-formal sector linkages that are generative of sustainable endogenous development are: (i) the reinstatement of the import substitution programme; (ii) implementation of the innovative Cluster Concept of Industrial Development Strategy (CCIDS) of 2007; and (iii) adoption of urban planning standards that are pro-informal sector.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die 21ste eeubeleefonsgelyktydigneoliberaleglobalisasie en wydverspreideinformalisasie. Samelopendhiermee word die informelesektorvandieekonomiegesien as ’n “permanentekenmerk van die kapitalistieseontwikkeling.” (Chen 2007: 2). Die uitbreidingdaarvan, veral in ontwikkelendelande, het verreikendeimplikasies vir die skepping van werksgeleenthede, die diversifikasie van loopbaan- en broodwinnings-moontlikhede, stedelikevorms, stedelikebeplanning, asookalgemeneekonomieseuitkomstes. Die historieseevolusionêrewaarheidoor die oorsprong van die meestebesighede, tesame met die realiteit van die informelesektorkontinuum, verleengeloofwaardigheidaandie kritiesebelangrikheid van die multi-pad ontwikkelingraamwerkwaarbinne die informelesektorniegesien word as ’n doodloopstraatnie. Gevolglik het die navorser die beleidsimplikasies van die ruimtelike- en struktureleverhoudingtussen die informele en die formele sake-sektors in stedelikeNigeriëondersoek. Die studiegebied word besigtigvanuit die prisma van Enugu, die hoof administratiewesentrum van die suidelikestreek van Nigerië. Hier word ruimetelik-struktureleoorsaaklikhedegebruik as maatstawwe vir die transformasieswatdeurglobalisasieveroorsaak is, en wattussen 1990 en 2010 in die land plaasgvind het (Andranovich&Riposa 1993). Daar is in die navorsinggepoog om eerstens die omvang van verwantskappetussen die verspreidingstrukture van die twee ekonomiesesegmente van die stad vas te stel, en tweedens, om die veranderings in inter-sektorieseskakels en die stedelike sake landskapwatdeur die globaale-plaaslikeekonomieseveranderingsbemiddel is, te bestudeer. Twee navorsinghipoteses is geformaliseer, naamlik (1) om te bewys of daarbetekenisvolleruimtelike/struktureleverwantskappebestaantussen die verspreiding van informele en formeleeenhede in die studie- gebied, en (2) om te bevestig of die veranderings in die ruimtelike en struktureleverwantskappetussen die twee besigheidsegmentetoegeskryfkan word aandieselfdestelfisiese, ekonomiese en sosio-kultureleveranderlikes. In die studie is daargebruikgemaak van primêre en sekondêre data watdeurmiddel van gemengdenavorsingmetodesversamel is. Die proporsioneelgestratifiseerdesteekproefmetode is, waarnodig, gebruik. Die primêre data is deurterloopseobservasie, fotografiese- en vraelysopnames, en semi-gestruktureerde persoonlike onderhoudeversamel, terwyl die sekondêre data verkry is uit ’n oorsig van die letterkunde, landkaarte, en die databanke van plaaslikeowerhede en die binnelandsebelastingsdiens. (FIRS). Die data ontledingsproses het data reduksie en hipotesetoetsingingesluit. Dievorigetegniekbestaanuitsektorieseaggregasie (segmentasiedeursamehandeattribuutsektore) en ruimtelikeaggregasie (oorgesitvanafkwantitatiewenaruimtelikedimensies) (Wang & VomHofe 2007). Vir die laasgenoemde was dit nodig om Spatial Statistics Analysis gereedskapstel van die ArGISsagteware en die Principal Component Analysis (PCA) van die SPSS paket te gebruik. The Spatial Statistics Analysis (die Spatial Autocorrelation of Moran se I indeks) en die PCA resultatehet die verwerping van die twee nulhipotesesmoontlikgemaak. Moran se I indeks is 0.16 met ’n Z telling van 159.78 teen ’n betekenisvollevlak van .01 en ’n kritiesewaarde van 2.58, wat ’n hoogsgetrosderuimetlikeassosiasieaantoon, of dat die verspreiding van die informele en formelebesighede in die studiegebiednabymekaargeleë en afhanklik is van mekaar. Gegrond op die eigenwaardes van die 10 gekoseveranderlikes, is daardeur die PCA bepaalwat die drie hoof ruimtelik-strukturelekousaliteite is. Dit is sosio-ekonomiese en kulturelekenmerke, kliente basis en markbeheer, en fisieseomgewing/sake transaksie modus. Die bevindingeverskil van die ontvangdemodel van die Nigeriesehierargie. Om sterkerinformele-formeleskakelswatvolhoubareendogeneontwikkelingwaarborg, te genereer, word die volgendeaanbevelingsgemaak: (i) die invoerplaasvervangings-program moetingestel word, (ii) die Cluster Concept of Industrial Development Strategy (CCIDS) van 2007 moet implementer word; en (iii) stedelikebeplanningstandaardewat pro-informelesektor is, moet aanvaar word.
Howard, Jacob M. "Form Based Codes and Economic Impacts: A Multivariate Regression Analysis and Case Study." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2044.
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