Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Urban fringe'
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1
Tan, Rose, and 陳柳詩. "The urban fringe." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207142.
Full textAbstract:
Between the Hong Kong’s densely developed urban flatlands and its lush and well-protected country parks lay a discontinuous and ill-man- aged network of “green-belt” areas. Serving neither as effective buffers, nor for ecological purposes or recreational opportunities, this fractured network of spaces has the potential to be recalibrated within the surrounding matrix of land-uses in the city. The project explores possibilities in reconnecting, redevelop and reclaim on the existing fragmentized green belt area in the Kowloon peninsula. Work along with the current planning framework, the project raises strategies to reconnect the disconnected green belt in alignment with the surrounding land use matrix. Suggesting the utilization of green belt by analytical logic with framework planning proposed. Further- more, the strategies allow reclamation of the green belt areas and improve its ecological status while increasing its bio-diversity. Ultimately, consolidate the position of underutilize green belt land- scape as a boundary free from development eyeing yet beneficial to the citizen as the new urban fringe.published_or_final_version
Architecture
Master
Master of Landscape Architecture
2
Yeung, Ho-king, and 楊浩鏡. "Urban fringe housing at the coast." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31984307.
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3
Yeung, Ho-king. "Urban fringe housing at the coast." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25953291.
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4
SHULL, MATTHEW WILLIAM. "FRINGE BENEFITS: RECLAIMING FORGOTTEN MARGINAL SPACE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1116180593.
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5
Chan, Chi-keung Matthew, and 陳志強. "An urban interface between the park edge & the urban fringe." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3198499X.
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Chan, Chi-keung Matthew. "An urban interface between the park edge & the urban fringe." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949123.
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7
Wilson-Fuller, Yvonne. "Land use in the Fairfield rural-urban fringe." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1991. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26428.
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The Fairfield Municipality , a segment of Sydney’s rural-urban fringe, has been characterise d by its dynamic but variable response to the city’s expansion. Proximity to the city and topographic suitability to low cost urbanisation resulted in increasing speculation over the timing of urban invasion of rural land. The increased demand for urban land led to the increase of both land values and potential decisions of landowners, over land use and the sale or purchase of land in particular locations, were constrained by the Green Belt zoning regulations introduced by the County of Cumberland Plan in 1951. Landowner decisions are therefore only a determinant of land use at the micro scale. The existence of zoning defined and emphasized the divisions between urban and rural land uses though the release of Green Belt land invariably led to a swift advance of the urban area. The increase in land values resulted in changes in land use; agriculture became more intensive in some areas, with poultry battery farms being able to compete with expanding urbanisation, or land became idle in anticipation of urbanisation. These differences were a function of distance from the Green Belt-Urban boundary, availability of investment capital and the age of the landowner s. Landowners increasingly perceive d land as an investment rather than the location of productive economic activity, especially in areas closest to the urban boundary, hence agricultural activity declined within the rural zone. There was a clear relation ship between distance from the urban frontier and economic rent to land as an investme nt. Uncertai nty over the timing of the release of land, economic factors (such as capital availabi lity) and social variatio ns (between migrant groups) all contribu ted to consider able diversit y in land uses. The interact ion of locational, economic, behavioural and institutional factors produced an unusual and complex land market that is distinctive of the rural-urban fringe.
8
Cheuk, Hau-kwan Elsa, and 卓巧坤. "Recreation planning in urban fringe park within metropolitan area." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3125777X.
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9
Bai, Qing. "Urban-fringe landowners' preferences for particular farmland preservation programs /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594493841&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Cheuk, Hau-kwan Elsa. "Recreation planning in urban fringe park within metropolitan area /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13117488.
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11
Hopkins, Michael Ian Wilhem. "Using fringe belts to examine the relationships between urban morphology and urban ecology." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403474.
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12
Molinsky, Jennifer H. (Jennifer Hrabchak). "The interests of landowners on the metropolitan fringe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36201.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, February 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 261-269).
Numerous authors have noted that the patchy, sprawling pattern of development characterizing the metropolitan fringe results in part from the decisions of individual landowners regarding the use, subdivision, development, sale, or transfer of land. These decisions are related to owners' interests in their land: the set of benefits, derived from ownership, that enhance owners' physical, financial, or emotional well-being. In this dissertation, I develop a framework for exploring landowners' interests in their fringe properties. The framework proposes a set of interests owners might hold in land, explains how they are influenced by personal and external circumstances, and discusses how interests shift over time. In developing this framework, I draw from research on landowners' roles in land conversion and Marxist scholarship on "exchange" and "use" values in urban land. The framework also emerged from research conducted in the Austin, Texas fringe, involving a telephone survey of over 500 landowners, interviews with owners and experts on the region's growth, and a field visit.
(cont.) The study reveals that Austin-area owners are a diverse group whose land interests relate to monetary gain, the use of land for residence or business, and emotional satisfaction from the enjoyment of resources or activities on their property; and that individual and family owners typically hold multiple interests in their land at any given time. However, the study also identifies general "orientations" toward agriculture, enjoyment, and investment, which, with other key variables (including residency, parcel size, tenure, and location), may be associated with specific behaviors including use, sales, purchases, and transfers to children. The research also reveals that, over time, personal and external factors (such as intensifying development pressures) may serve some interests but be deleterious to others, complicating owners' decision-making, but explaining why some elect not to sell land despite potential profits, and why, over the course of ownership, individual landowners may play multiple roles in land conversion, contributing to the uneven nature of fringe growth. For planners and policymakers, the dominance of individual and family owners, their interests, and the stories of their histories with their land can inform efforts to encourage alternative forms of development.
by Jennifer M. Hrabchak.
Ph.D.
13
Juniper, Margaret Anne. "Home ownership on the urban fringe : a study of Burton /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arj95.pdf.
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14
Yagow, Eugene R. "Auxiliary Procedures for the AGNPS Model in Urban Fringe Watersheds." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30323.
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The Agricultural Nonpoint Source model (AGNPS) is a
single-event grid-based model used for simulating runoff,
sediment and nutrients from agricultural areas. This study
involved using geographic information system (GIS) spatial
data and functionality to improve the spatial and temporal
assignment of parameter values for the AGNPS 5.0 model
and incorporated methods for representing urban fringe
land uses and their nonpoint source (NPS) pollution
contributions in model inputs. Auxiliary procedures for
modeling with AGNPS were developed both for enhancing
input into the model and for enhancing modeled output. On
an event basis, one procedure automated the creation of
complex-formatted AGNPS 5.0 model input files using GIS
as a spatial data manager. One pair of alternative
procedures were developed to automate the assignment of
parameter values on an event basis. One procedure used
typical average annual parameter values, and the second
assigned parameter values using adaptations of existing
time-dependent relationships. On a monthly basis, a
sequencing procedure was created to perform multiple runs
with the model for a list of storms while updating
parameters for each event and aggregating monthly
modeled spatial output. Another pair of alternative
procedures were developed to facilitate the simulation of
monthly output from AGNPS modeled events. The first of
these aggregated event output for all storms in each month,
while the second supplemented the aggregated output with
baseflow and septic system loads. The study area was the
6,500 ha urbanizing Bull Run watershed in northern
Virginia, which was modeled as 14,621 cells. Databases
were assembled and 109 selected storm events within a
16-year period were modeled using the above procedures.
Event data were added together, where necessary, to
correspond with observed data from composite-sampled
intervals. Output from the two event parameterization
procedures were compared with monitored loads calculated
for 89 composite periods, while output from the two
monthly simulation procedures were compared with
monthly monitored data for 23 complete months. The
monitored-modeled comparisons were considered
inconclusive. Evidence strongly suggested that the rainfall
records from a rain gauge outside the watershed did not
correspond well with monitored runoff. The average runoff
produced with the AGNPS model from the 109 selected
storms amounted to 40.7% of rainfall, consistent with the
calculated long-term average of 38% for the Bull Run
watershed. A nonpoint source pollution index was
developed to utilize monthly modeled total nitrogen, total
phosphorus, and suspended sediment. Individual rating
curves were developed to separately transform loads and
concentrations of each pollutant into sub-index values. The
maximum sub-index from each parameter was added
together and averaged for the index. The index was
calculated at the watershed outlet from monitored data, and
in a spatially-distributed fashion along all streams from
simulated output.Ph. D.
15
Martell, Christine Renée. "Women's work and household income: evidence from Bangkok's urban fringe." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41400.
Full textAbstract:
This research asks whether the patterns of women's economic contribution and marginalization that previously have been identified apply to the emerging metropolitan fringe areas. I argue that women in metropolitan fringe communities are more marginalized than men in tenns of type of employment, location of employment, hours of employment, and remuneration. Women contribute different amounts and proportions of time and income to the family than men and their contributions, productive and reproductive, significantly add to the household resources and are necessary for household survival. The research identifies women's economic contributions to the household and how they vary by household type and composition. This study uses data collected by Browder et al (1992) from a sample offamilies in Bangkok's metropolitan fringe to explore employment patterns and gender roles. Results show that women and men have different employment patterns~ with women much more likely to be involved with infonnal, self-employed work. Women make significant contributions to household incomes, but they do so while being economically marginalized. Even in a lower-middle to middle class area, residents--particularly women--rely on infonnal sector employment. An important conclusion, which was overlooked in a previous analysis, is that self employment is crucial to women's work patterns. Finally, all women significantly contribute to household income; unlike non-head males, non-head and non-spouse females contribute as much as female heads and spouses.
Master of Urban and Regional Planning
16
Martell, Christine Renée. "Women's work and household income : evidence from Bangkok's urban fringe /." This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03042009-040557/.
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Wat, Wing-chung. "Urban fringe park for conservation and recreation Mount Davis, Kennedy Town /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38216553.
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Wat, Wing-chung, and 屈穎中. "Urban fringe park for conservation and recreation: Mount Davis, Kennedy Town." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38216553.
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Klein, Elise Jane. "Psychological agency in a neighbourhood on the urban fringe of Bamako." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:de625392-bbc9-4f36-b99f-02681578066c.
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This thesis is about psychological constructions underpinning intentional action to improve well-being by people in a neighbourhood on the urban fringe of Bamako, Mali. There is a large deficit in the theorisation of psychological elements of agency and empowerment in the development literature. Instead empowerment is generally defined as a favourable opportunity structure, as choice or as the distribution of power. Further still, the examination of the psychological literature reveals a lack of empirical research related to non-Western contexts and development policy. In view of this, I present the results of an empirical study using the inductive mixed methods to examine the central factors contributing to initiatives people undertake to improve personal and collective well-being. Informants articulated that the psychological concepts of dusu (internal motivation) and ka da I yèrè la (self-efficacy) were most important to their purposeful agency. The empirical analysis is divided into three parts and based primarily on qualitative data, enriched by quantitative analysis. Firstly I will examine the concepts of dusu and ka da I yèrè la, which are characterised as having an instrumental and intrinsic significance to people’s purposeful agency. They were also characterised as important factors in supporting local social development initiatives. Secondly, I will show how these psychological concepts were not related to the agent’s socio-economic characteristics or decision making ability, rendering both variables weak proxies for measuring psychological agency. Instead I found that measures of intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy are more viable for evaluating psychological agency. Thirdly, however, whilst dusu and ka da I yèrè la are important to people’s agency and the social development of the neighbourhood, they cannot be viewed as a silver bullet to social development in Kalabankoro Nerekoro. Specifically, in the examination of collective purposeful agency in group work (associations), the functioning of groups is impacted by the internal dynamics within the group, causing sometimes breakdown of the group. Further still, gender and age norms as well as capability deprivation and conflicting world views all thwart the ability of associations to achieve their goals. I underline that agents cannot always succeed in the pursuit of their well-being goals, even though they demonstrate high levels of psychological agency unless structural inequality at the micro, meso and macro levels of Malian society are addressed. Through this empirical study, this thesis will contribute the closing of the gap between psychological and development literatures as well as work towards developing measures of psychological agency.
20
Robinson, Jill R. "Land use behavior of private landowners at the urban/rural fringe." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1079973460.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 107 p. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Tomas Koontz, School of Natural Resources. Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-105).
21
JIANG, LEI. "Morphological Research of the Historical Urban Boundary, the Inner Fringe Belt of Nanjing." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2647316.
Full textAbstract:
This research actually is a discussion about the legibility of the Nanjing city, but also a Chinese historical city in general. Basically, there are two aspects needed to be regarded, the urban structure and the morphological units. Tendency of their development is also considered.
For the former one, the urban structure, here we have the district along the city wall, the south part of the old city defined as the continuous inner fringe belt, the continuous historical urban boundary. It marks out the historical built-up area, and could be viewed as the starting line to understand the structure of the city.
Considering the change of this area, the history can be divided into three phases, first, the formative process of the old settlement, second, the repletion along the belt with coarse-grained units of industrial era, and third, the large scale replacement of the built-up area happening afterward.
For the later one, the units, they can be categorised with reading their plot forms, large and small, regular and irregular, with the building types and combining with the functions. And based on the change along the fringe belt and the type of the units, their tendency could be discussed.
As to the path leading the research to such result, for the urban structure part, the Conzenian concepts, inner fringe belt and fixation line are used to help the research. But here they are further developed, as the concept of “prospective fixation line” is added to help to analyse the relation between this line and the historical built-up area. In turn the real fixation line together with the continuous inner fringe is located. But as to the understanding of the historical built-up area, we need also the support from the research of the traditional settlement and the historical Chinese cartography.
Then after this belt is located, we could know, before 1949 the starting of the socialist period, the history of urban development contains two parts, the formative process of the old settlement and the repletion along the belt with coarse-grained units of industrial era. The buildings in these periods are generally low-rise buildings.
As to the story after 1949, it could only be told with regarding the land tenure system and economy. Before the 1987’s separation of land usufruct rights, and the 1990s’ housing privatisation, the constructions here were mainly the factories, institutions together with the facilities and accommodations. The replacements of the buildings happened generally in a piecemeal way. Before 1978, the buildings should still largely be low-rise buildings. This period can be viewed as a continuity of the repletion practice along the fringe belt. Instead, after those changes, the large scale replacements started to take place, mainly as commodity housing and other real-estate developments, together with facilities and services. After the 1978, the buildings started largely to be constructed as multi-story or high-rise buildings.
In another aspect, with the moving out and relocation of the secondary industry from 1990s, and the landownership problem left by socialist transformation, 1953 to around 1958, the coarse-grained industrial areas and the old settlement here are both declining or under transformations, while there are different tendencies and directions in front of them. Today, with those preliminarily summarized knowledge of city form, it seems that these replacements or transformations could be carefully considered, discussed, and evaluated again, towards a more integrated city life or, simply, a better place to inhabit.
22
JIANG, LEI. "Morphological Research of the Historical Urban Boundary, the Inner Fringe Belt of Nanjing." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2646386.
Full textAbstract:
This research actually is a discussion about the legibility of the Nanjing city, but also a Chinese historical city in general. Basically, there are two aspects needed to be regarded, the urban structure and the morphological units. Tendency of their development is also considered.
For the former one, the urban structure, here we have the district along the city wall, the south part of the old city defined as the continuous inner fringe belt, the continuous historical urban boundary. It marks out the historical built-up area, and could be viewed as the starting line to understand the structure of the city.
Considering the change of this area, the history can be divided into three phases, first, the formative process of the old settlement, second, the repletion along the belt with coarse-grained units of industrial era, and third, the large scale replacement of the built-up area happening afterward.
For the later one, the units, they can be categorised with reading their plot forms, large and small, regular and irregular, with the building types and combining with the functions. And based on the change along the fringe belt and the type of the units, their tendency could be discussed.
As to the path leading the research to such result, for the urban structure part, the Conzenian concepts, inner fringe belt and fixation line are used to help the research. But here they are further developed, as the concept of “prospective fixation line” is added to help to analyse the relation between this line and the historical built-up area. In turn the real fixation line together with the continuous inner fringe is located. But as to the understanding of the historical built-up area, we need also the support from the research of the traditional settlement and the historical Chinese cartography.
Then after this belt is located, we could know, before 1949 the starting of the socialist period, the history of urban development contains two parts, the formative process of the old settlement and the repletion along the belt with coarse-grained units of industrial era. The buildings in these periods are generally low-rise buildings.
As to the story after 1949, it could only be told with regarding the land tenure system and economy. Before the 1987’s separation of land usufruct rights, and the 1990s’ housing privatisation, the constructions here were mainly the factories, institutions together with the facilities and accommodations. The replacements of the buildings happened generally in a piecemeal way. Before 1978, the buildings should still largely be low-rise buildings. This period can be viewed as a continuity of the repletion practice along the fringe belt. Instead, after those changes, the large scale replacements started to take place, mainly as commodity housing and other real-estate developments, together with facilities and services. After the 1978, the buildings started largely to be constructed as multi-story or high-rise buildings.
In another aspect, with the moving out and relocation of the secondary industry from 1990s, and the landownership problem left by socialist transformation, 1953 to around 1958, the coarse-grained industrial areas and the old settlement here are both declining or under transformations, while there are different tendencies and directions in front of them. Today, with those preliminarily summarized knowledge of city form, it seems that these replacements or transformations could be carefully considered, discussed, and evaluated again, towards a more integrated city life or, simply, a better place to inhabit.
23
Goodwin, Paul Matthew. "Fringe town : revitalization on the margin, assessing small downtown revival and catalytic real estate development feasibility on the urban fringe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99101.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2015.Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 120-122).
This thesis has sought to construct a diagnostic study of small downtown revitalization in Somersworth, New Hampshire, and Berwick, Maine. To develop a holistic understanding of downtown revitalization in Somersworth-Berwick, and other such small towns on the urban fringe, this research was divided into three broad parts: [1] local contextualization of Somersworth-Berwick and empirical studies of small town revitalization, [2] a local market analysis, and [3] a site plan and financial feasibility model. The methods used to complete this research included focused interviews, market analysis, and financial modeling. These methods are coupled with a review of literature and sought to answer what potential market-based downtown revitalization strategies are and how economically and financially viable these might be in the context of Somersworth-Berwick. While this thesis has fashioned a robust framework specifically in the context of Somersworth-Berwick's downtown revitalization, its methodological approach and findings are applicable for similar small and fringe communities. The findings of this thesis highlight that market-based revitalization efforts, such as catalytic real estate development, do hold promise in advancing revitalization efforts yet often require subsidy in the face of weak real estate markets and market failure. As such, broad-based and non-traditional revitalization efforts are key elements to a holistic and effective downtown revitalization plan.
by Paul Matthew Goodwin.
M.C.P.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
24
Moiloa, Lebohang R. "Solid waste management in urban fringe settlements the case of Winterveld, Pretoria /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09192007-174522.
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Wright, Graeme L. "Multiscale remote sensing for assessment of environmental change in the rural-urban fringe." Thesis, Curtin University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1110.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the application of multiscale satellite remote sensing data for assessment of land cover change in the rural-urban fringe. Inherent in this assessment process was the interpretation of multispectral data collected by several medium resolution satellite systems and evaluation of the quality of the resulting change information. Each dataset was acquired for a single date and classified at two levels of detail using standard classification algorithms. The optimum classification approach for each date was identified and the changes in land cover evaluated in several ways. The contribution of spatial and thematic errors and their propagation through the analysis process was investigated.Data for this research were acquired over an area approximately 4.5 km square located in the southern metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. At the time of the initial data acquisition in 1972 the area was predominantly rural and comprised mostly dense pine plantations, however by the final stages of data acquisition in 1991, the area was almost completely given over to urban residential land use. Changes were interpreted from classified Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and SPOT (System Pour l'Observation de la Terre) High Resolution Visible (HRV) multispectral data, and were compared to reference maps compiled from medium scale aerial photographs. The geometric properties of high resolution panchromatic IRS1-D data were also evaluated to test the geometric potential of high resolution satellite data.Supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms were used for derivation of land cover maps from each multispectral dataset at two levels of detail. Data were classified onto four general levels at the broadest (Level I) classification, and into nine levels at the finest (Level II) classification. The Kappa statistic and its variance were used to determine the optimum classification approach for each dataset and at each level of detail. No significant differences were observed between classification techniques at Level I, however at Level II the supervised classification approach produced significantly better results for the Landsat TM and SPOT HRV data. Classification at the more general Level I did not produce substantially higher classification rates compared to the same data at Level II. Additionally, higher spatial resolution data did not provide increased accuracy, however this was due mainly to a much greater complexity of land covers present at the time the higher resolution Landsat TM and SPOT HRV data were recorded.Land cover changes were assessed separately at Level I for all datasets, and also between Landsat TM and SPOT HRV data at Level II. Integrated multiscale assessment of land cover change was undertaken using classified Landsat MSS data at Level I and Landsat TM data at Level 11. This enabled the continuity of change to be established across classification levels and sensor systems, even though there were variations in the level of detail extracted from each image.The sources of spatial and thematic errors in the data were investigated and their effects on change assessment analysed. The evaluation of high resolution panchromatic satellite data emphasised the contribution to the analysis of spatial errors contained within the reference data. The multiscale data also indicated that combined propagation of spatial and thematic errors requires investigation using appropriate simulation modelling to establish the influence of data uncertainty on classification and change assessment results.This research provides useful results for demonstrating a process for the integration of information derived from remotely sensed data at different measurement scales. Availability of data from an increasing range of remote sensing platforms and uncertainty of long term data availability emphasises the need to develop flexible interpretation and analysis approaches. This research adds value to the existing data archive by demonstrating how historical data may be integrated regardless of the spectral and spatial characteristics of the sensors.
26
Kochera, Stephanie S. "Private ownership of wild animals including endangered species conflict on the urban fringe." Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1029184666.
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Wright, Graeme L. "Multiscale remote sensing for assessment of environmental change in the rural-urban fringe." Curtin University of Technology, School of Spatial Sciences, 2000. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=10384.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to investigate the application of multiscale satellite remote sensing data for assessment of land cover change in the rural-urban fringe. Inherent in this assessment process was the interpretation of multispectral data collected by several medium resolution satellite systems and evaluation of the quality of the resulting change information. Each dataset was acquired for a single date and classified at two levels of detail using standard classification algorithms. The optimum classification approach for each date was identified and the changes in land cover evaluated in several ways. The contribution of spatial and thematic errors and their propagation through the analysis process was investigated.Data for this research were acquired over an area approximately 4.5 km square located in the southern metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. At the time of the initial data acquisition in 1972 the area was predominantly rural and comprised mostly dense pine plantations, however by the final stages of data acquisition in 1991, the area was almost completely given over to urban residential land use. Changes were interpreted from classified Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and SPOT (System Pour l'Observation de la Terre) High Resolution Visible (HRV) multispectral data, and were compared to reference maps compiled from medium scale aerial photographs. The geometric properties of high resolution panchromatic IRS1-D data were also evaluated to test the geometric potential of high resolution satellite data.Supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms were used for derivation of land cover maps from each multispectral dataset at two levels of detail. Data were classified onto four general levels at the broadest (Level I) classification, and into nine levels at the finest (Level II) classification. The ++Kappa statistic and its variance were used to determine the optimum classification approach for each dataset and at each level of detail. No significant differences were observed between classification techniques at Level I, however at Level II the supervised classification approach produced significantly better results for the Landsat TM and SPOT HRV data. Classification at the more general Level I did not produce substantially higher classification rates compared to the same data at Level II. Additionally, higher spatial resolution data did not provide increased accuracy, however this was due mainly to a much greater complexity of land covers present at the time the higher resolution Landsat TM and SPOT HRV data were recorded.Land cover changes were assessed separately at Level I for all datasets, and also between Landsat TM and SPOT HRV data at Level II. Integrated multiscale assessment of land cover change was undertaken using classified Landsat MSS data at Level I and Landsat TM data at Level 11. This enabled the continuity of change to be established across classification levels and sensor systems, even though there were variations in the level of detail extracted from each image.The sources of spatial and thematic errors in the data were investigated and their effects on change assessment analysed. The evaluation of high resolution panchromatic satellite data emphasised the contribution to the analysis of spatial errors contained within the reference data. The multiscale data also indicated that combined propagation of spatial and thematic errors requires investigation using appropriate simulation modelling to establish the influence of data uncertainty on classification and change assessment results.This research provides useful results for demonstrating a process for the integration of information derived from remotely sensed data at different measurement ++
scales. Availability of data from an increasing range of remote sensing platforms and uncertainty of long term data availability emphasises the need to develop flexible interpretation and analysis approaches. This research adds value to the existing data archive by demonstrating how historical data may be integrated regardless of the spectral and spatial characteristics of the sensors.
28
Zhang, Yiting. "Urban morphology and ecosystem services : a historico-geographical study of fringe belts and urban green spaces in Birmingham, UK." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8455/.
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Cities have tended to be treated by ecologists as essentially physical entities unconnected to the concerns of historical geographers. In contrast, urban morphologists have tended to focus on how urban physical expressions of culture have changed over time: such an approach has stimulated research on the characteristics and planning of the form of cities that has been largely divorced from concerns about ecosystem services. This is somewhat paradoxical in light of the significant areas of most cities that are vegetated and the increasing evidence of the value to society of these green spaces. This thesis examines the connection between urban morphological research on the fringe-belt concept, as developed by M. R. G. Conzen and others, and the character and distribution within cities of major areas of green space. The principal focus is on how green spaces within fringe belts that are embedded within cities (for example, parks, allotment gardens, golf courses, and land attached to educational and medical institutions) have changed over time, especially during the past 100 years. Detailed studies of fringe-belt sites in Birmingham reveal a decline in green space over time but maturation of surviving green space towards mature wood-grassland. Comparisons are made with residential areas.
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Guetta, Isabelle S. (Isabelle Sophie). "Realities at the fringe of the economy : women cloth traders in the Kinshasa central market." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14387.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1988.Title as it appears in M.I.T. Graduate List, June 1988: Realities at the fringe of the economy--women cloth traders in Kinshasa.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Isabelle S. Guetta.
M.C.P.
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Libertun, de Duren Nora R. "Growth and poverty in the urban fringe : decentralization, dispersion, and inequality in greater Buenos Aires." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42062.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 267-280).
This research presents the case of growth in Buenos Aires since the late 1970s, when the decentralization of urban planning powers in the Province of Buenos Aires began, until 2001, when an economic crisis submerged -even if transitorily- more than half of all metropolitan households below the poverty line. This thesis explores why social inequality within municipal boundaries increased after the municipalities acquired autonomous planning powers. It counts with three sections: Section I investigates how the decentralized planning practices of the municipalities of Greater Buenos Aires have impacted the growth of Buenos Aires. It explains the cluster of affluent gated communities in the poorest municipalities of the urban periphery as the outcome of the special permits that these municipalities gave to real estate developers. Section II explains how national development policies have contributed to the impoverishment of these municipalities. It depicts how these policies have generated a persistent flow of poor residents to Greater Buenos Aires at the same time that they have diminished the economic sufficiency of local governments. Section III explains why these municipalities did not resist these transformations. This research has found that national industrialization policies determined much of the fate of Greater Buenos Aires. Because of the limitations that the preexisting geography of development imposes on local participants, decentralization cannot prevent social polarization when only the highest income sectors have the resources that can activate local economies. Nevertheless within these circumstances, municipal planning practices and local polities have determined the specific geography of social inequality. Thus, participatory institutions are necessary, but not sufficient to transcend social inequality. Social inequality in the metropolis will diminish only after a development project on the national scale is developed.
by Nora R. Libertun de Duren.
Ph.D.
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Yao, Xin. "Governance mechanisms of urban fringe land use in China a case study of Nanjing /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30577949.
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Fant, Mary P. "Environment, people and planning in Mount Barker, South Australia : problems of the urban fringe /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envf216.pdf.
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Pettipas, Donna Nona. "Dwelling, tourism and sustainability on the rural-urban fringe : a Bowen Island case study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/19141.
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The thesis examines the question of why people live in rural communities, what draws them to these communities and the significance of social sustainability. The focus is on the view of individual perspectives that could be obtained through the process of completed questionnaires and interviews. Results of the combined questionnaire and interviews were referenced to earlier studies and to government statistics. The community of Bowen Island served as the case study, a rural community with a historical and evolving relationship to Metro Vancouver, British Columbia. The research activity was designed to be one of information and knowledge gathering, rather than an issue-oriented approach. The approach taken is one of discovering patterns of shared values and the adaptive practices of islanders in their homes and community environs. Transcribed interview responses were grouped by enquiry type to facilitate comparison between participants across BI neighbourhoods, resulting in qualitatively rich personal narratives about home, habitat and community engagement. The community is physically engaged in a beautiful mountainous and marine environment, which is also a tourist destination. Fun is a quality of BI’s community celebrations along with spirituality and a connection to nature, the backdrop to a privileged life-style; some with ‘plenty of dough’ most somewhere in-between ranging to bohemian artists, sharing in the community dynamic. The major attraction and commitment to stay on BI was the desire to achieve and retain a connection to nature. Diverse opinions expressed by the respondents were accepted and respected by the group, the open discussions and commitment to the Island has resulted in a shared value system while respecting diversity. The major concern of the Islanders is the feeling of uncertainty resulting from issues of governance. Shifts in ethical norms and lifestyle patterns warrant examination: the dynamics that constitute a cohesive community can be seen in the lived experiences and individual intentions of people on an island such as Bowen where the cultural collective aspires to live very close to nature at the wild land and rural-urban fringe.
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Yao, Xin, and 姚鑫. "Governance mechanisms of urban fringe land use in China: a case study of Nanjing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30577949.
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Hoyle, M. "Predicting user numbers of an urban fringe Pennine moorland using time and weather variables." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/8024/.
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This study develops and conducts a 15-month, high resolution 24/7 user counting exercise on an area of urban-fringe moorland. The results of this study are discussed and used to predict future land use. The results of this study are compared with results from lower resolution user counts in other wilderness areas. This study was conceived to address a gap in data around recreational moorland use and provide 24/7 data on user numbers in order to develop models to attempt to predict use of urban-fringe moorland from time and weather variables. The data collection strategies utilised were manual counts by an observer, supplemented by Arduino micro-computers and passive infrared sensors. These sensors were designed and developed specifically for the purpose of remote high resolution counting of visitors at low cost, producing reliable 24/7 data for 15-months. Time and synchronous local weather variables at 30 minute, 1 hour, 3 hour and 6 hour resolution were compared with 30 minute moorland user data to assess how these factors affected counts. The study found that the strongest variable affecting visitor counts was daylight. User counts were highest in summer, at weekends and during afternoons. Surprisingly, very little change in user counts was detected during school, bank or religious holidays. Generally, there are trends toward using the moor when temperature is higher and humidity lower. Cloud, visibility, wind chill, wind speed and wind direction had no influence on user counts. User counts, time and weather information were modelled using two approaches: (1) weighting factors and (2) multiple regression. The best model was able to explain 52% of variation in use. The predictive capability of the model increased to 58% during summer and on weekends. Data suggest that there are two groups of users on the moor. A group that have become acclimatised to the prevailing weather conditions and use the area regardless of the weather, this first group will use the moor regularly throughout the week. The second user group is more likely to use the moor during the weekend. These users are more influenced by time and weather factors. An important social discovery was made through anecdotal observation and discussion indicating that the urban fringe moorland is utilised by users beyond the expected dog walkers, hikers and cyclists.
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Jennens, Garth. "Domestic dog attacks on sheep in the urban fringe areas of Perth, Western Australia." Thesis, Jennens, Garth (2002) Domestic dog attacks on sheep in the urban fringe areas of Perth, Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2002. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/3374/.
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In common with many cities, Perth, Western Australia has a problem with domestic dogs attacking livestock, such as sheep on its urban fringe areas. The current study used multiple sources to document 1479 attacks on livestock on 1105 properties by 1900 dogs across eight metropolitan local authorities over a three-year period. The hypothesis that dog attacks on sheep are poorly understood by the community and continue as a result of inaction by local authorities, dog owners and livestock owners, rather than being an unavoidable predator/prey interaction, was supported. The predatory behaviour of domestic dogs and the anti-predatory behaviour of sheep were observed to be similar to that of wild canids and ungulates respectively.
The reluctance of local authorities to prosecute offenders and enforce by-laws meant that there was little voluntary compliance by dog owners to control their dogs. It therefore, became necessary for livestock owners to protect their livestock; however, most failed to take effective preventive measures.
Wild canids predominantly attack the head and neck of prey animals, whereas in contrast, domestic dogs may attack any part of a sheep. Examination of injury sites, in conjunction with information collected from other investigative techniques, assisted with the identification of the breed, size and number of dogs responsible. To overcome difficulties in locating a dog not sighted attacking, tracker-dogs were trained to follow the attacker's scent back to its home. The majority of dogs (60%) lived within 200 metres of the livestock they attacked and used the same route to and from the property on subsequent attacks.
A single or pair of owned dogs from the same household, belonging to 14 breeds were primarily responsible for attacks. Poor management by dog owners on inadequately fenced smallholdings enabled these dogs to wander unnoticed from their properties. Although most dog owners accepted evidence of their dogs' involvement, few accepted blame and most were surprised that their "friendly" pet could attack livestock. Unless dogs were destroyed, relocated or contained by their owners they were likely to attack again.
It is concluded that dog attacks occur commonly in urban fringe areas; however, with appropriate management of dogs and livestock these can be minimised.
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Moschella, Miloslavich Paola. "Peri-urbanization and land management sustainability in Peruvian cities." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAH013/document.
Full textAbstract:
La croissance urbaine incontrôlée est liée à plusieurs problèmes socio-environnementaux dans les pays en développement comme le Pérou. Afin de comprendre l'expansion urbaine dans les zones non aménageables, la recherche combine trois dimensions de l'analyse : l'analyse spatiale, l'analyse du comportement social et l'évaluation de la gestion urbaine et de l'aménagement du territoire. L'étude se concentre sur trois cas péruviens : une oasis de brouillard saisonnier dans la ville aride de Lima, les terres agricoles de première qualité de la vallée de Cajamarca et les zones humides de la petite ville de Huamachuco. L'expansion urbaine dans les études de cas est principalement informelle et désorganisée; à cause de sérieuses déficiences dans la gestion publique locale, la planification routière et la culture de l'informalité. Cependant, certaines organisations communautaires et certains leaders sociaux contribuent à une utilisation plus durable du territoireUncontrolled urban expansion is related to several socio-environmental problems in developing countries like Peru. In order to understand the urban expansion in non-developable areas, the research combines three dimensions of analysis: spatial analysis, social behavior analysis, and the evaluation of urban management and spatial planning. The study focuses on three Peruvian cases: a seasonal fog-oasis in the arid city of Lima, the prime farmlands in Cajamarca valley, and the wetlands of the small city of Huamachuco. Urban expansion in the case studies is predominantly informal and disorganized as a consequence of serious deficiencies in local public management, road planning, and the culture of informality. However, some communal organizations and social leaders contribute to a more sustainable land-use
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Tsoodle, Leah J. "The impact of alternative assessment of agricultural land on the urban fringe on housing affordability /." Search for this dissertation online, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.
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Black, John Peter. "The built heritage : a study of issues in the context of three urban fringe towns /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envb627.pdf.
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Rohregger, Barbara A. [Verfasser]. "Shifting Boundaries : Social Security in the Urban Fringe of Lilongwe City, Malawi / Barbara A Rohregger." Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1186583762/34.
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Kan, Cheuk-lam, and 簡卓琳. "Urban fringe development near and within the sensitive natural areas: case studies in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46736980.
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Mims, Patricia A. "Agricultural change in the urban-rural fringe: a test of the perimetropolitan bow wave model." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43133.
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The urban-rural fringe in the United States is constantly shifting outward from the center of the metropolis, and urban landuses are displacing agriculture. Geographer John Fraser Hart developed the Perimetropolitan Bow Wave model to examine the movement of agriculture in a fifty mile radius of New York City. He concluded that agricultural activities differ in their rates of movement through four identified zones around the urban center. This thesis presents case studies of the movement of agricultural activities around two cities of different size--Washington, D.C. and Richmond, Virginia--to examine the validity of the bow wave phenomenon. The findings of this research are that Hart's model is useful only partially when examining other cities and that individual size and characteristics of the urban area must also be considered when analyzing agricultural change.Master of Science
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Dunphy, Albert M. "Balancing residential growth with commercial agriculture in the urban-rural fringe, an analysis of design methods." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ31566.pdf.
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Eremin, Dmitry V. "Urban Core vs. Suburban Fringe: Asymmetrical Fiscal Effects of Tax and Expenditure Limitations in Metropolitan Areas." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29304.
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This dissertation assesses the effects of tax and expenditure limitations (TELs) on principal items of revenue, largest components of expenditure and the levels of public debt of local governments serving urban cores and suburban fringes of the largest metropolitan areas in the US.
The first part of the dissertation consists of 4 chapters. Chapter 1 examines the formal aspects of TELs; Chapter 2 explores historical evolution of fiscal limits between 1800 and 2009; Chapter 3 examines substantive nature of TELs; and Chapter 4 reviews the extant research on TELs. The past research suggests that TELs are associated with increased centralization, diminished government responsiveness, and suboptimal outcomes of the entire local public sector.
The second part of the dissertation, Chapters 5-6, presents the empirical study of the asymmetrical fiscal effects of TELs on different geographic segments of metropolitan areas. The study employs the quasi-experimental multiple comparison group time series research design and measures fiscal outcomes associated with the imposition of TELs. It relies on a standard fixed effects dummy variable OLS model with constant slope coefficients and variable intercept. The sample (N = 166,530) contains 7 periods of observation at 5 year intervals of 745 metropolitan counties from 270 metropolitan areas. The unit of analysis is the metropolitan county area.
The study found that in the urban cores and suburban fringes of metropolitan areas: 1) overall fiscal effects of TELs follow general asymmetrical trends identified by past research; 2) specific fiscal effects varied by comparison group, type of TEL imposed, and measure of fiscal outcome; 3) local governments in the urban cores are more adversely affected by TELs; 4) general revenues and expenditures declined in all comparison groups but urban core local governments experienced larger declines; 5) in all comparison groups own source revenues declined, intergovernmental revenues increased, spending on public education and public safety declined with larger declines in the urban cores; 6) long-term debt (especially non-guaranteed) has been rising more quickly in the urban core segments of metropolitan areas; and 7) in general, the effects of TELs were more negative and more pronounced for local governments experiencing fiscal stress.Ph. D.
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Yeomans, Martin Gregory. "Some dimensions of a planning problem : residential-agricultural land use conflict in metropolitan rural-urban fringe areas." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26945.
Full textAbstract:
Residential-agricultural land use conflict in the rural-urban fringe of metropolitan areas is commonly mentioned as a planning problem. The initial intent of this research was to correlate types of conflict and local planning responses in order to identify effective approaches to the management of such problems.
The anticipated method would have combined theory which addresses the cause and characteristics of residential-agricultural conflict along with data from Vancouver suburbs having substantial agricultural activity and planning departments respected for their professional qualities. However, the investigation showed that the academic literature and the accessible data would not support such research. On the other hand, consultations with local planners and a review of available documentation in the municipalities of Richmond, Delta and Surrey, British Columbia, showed that residential-agricultural land use conflict is treated as a planning problem and is a source of complaints to municipal officials.
Three kinds of conclusions resulted from this research. The first and second are appropriate to the underdeveloped state of the academic literature, while the first and third relate to professional practice in the absence of applicable scientific knowledge. The first is a description of the characteristics which are perceived as constituting a planning problem and a governmental response.
Secondly, there are recommendations for development of data to support future research. Municipal governments in the three communities have no comprehensive monitoring system or set of cross-referenced records of complaints associated with land use conflicts. Instead, conflicts are received, identified and acted on by a variety of departments in the local government. From the descriptive material a tentative typology is offered to guide data collection and classification.
Thirdly, there are suggestions which may be useful to planners who must rely on non-systematic methods to identify conflict situations appropriate for a planning response and to develop that response. The summaries of problems and responses reported are used to develop a tentative critique of present conceptualizations of appropriate planning measures. It is observed that planners have used only a few of the possible responses to rural-urban conflict. In particular, it is clear that for a wide range of conflict types there has been a reliance on land buffers to separate potentially conflicting activities. Alternative and supplementary approaches which may improve the management of typical conflict situations are suggested. These approaches focus on preventing the development of conflict through increasing the mutual understanding of the conflicting parties' points-of-view. Examples include public involvement in problem identification and resolution, as well as programs to facilitate communication between the government, farmers and non-farm residents.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Argent, Neil. "Sustainable agriculture in the peri-urban fringe : organic and biodynamic farming in the Adelaide Hills and environs /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ara689.pdf.
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Lau, Oi-ha Joanne, and 劉愛霞. "Planning for the urban-rural fringe areas of Hong Kong: case study of Wo Yi Hop Village." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260561.
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Lau, Oi-ha Joanne. "Planning for the urban-rural fringe areas of Hong Kong : case study of Wo Yi Hop Village /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23427036.
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Lui, Yu-man Timothy, and 雷裕文. "Planning and development for the urban fringe in Hong Kong: a study in the Northwest New Territories(NWNT)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259005.
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Welsh, Michael G. "Quantifying the effectiveness of a river restoration project in a small river basin on the rural-urban fringe." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399053.
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This thesis is an investigation of the effects of river restoration on a stream which, in the past, has undergone extensive channelization for the purposes of agricultural drainage and flood protection. Over the last two decades it has been shown that although channelization may have some benefits in terms of drainage and flood mitigation, it has a considerable detrimental effect on the ecology of a stream and its immediate environs. The purpose of the restoration was to install several engineered features along the length of the stream on the campus section and to record if these features had the expected beneficial effect on the ecology. One of the main advantages of siting the study on the Ballysally Blagh is its proximity to the University of Ulster - indeed, the stream flows partly through the campus. A Meteorological Office Meteorological Station on campus has been used to collect weather data for over 25 years. Additionally, the Ballysally Blagh has been instrumented with a hydrograph station and a v-notch weir since 1976 providing a nearly constant hydrograph record which can be used in conjunction with the meteorological data to determine if catchment behaviour is changing over time due to, for instance, continuing urbanization of the catchment, or the potential effects of climate change. This study shows that particular types of engineered feature have been successful in terms of their effect on the stream ecology, and that others have not, and suggests why this may be so. There are also clear indications of a change to the catchment hydrological response over time. Most of these indications are that continuing urbanization is having a limited effect, and that changed weather patterns, perhaps due to long-term changes in climate, may be underpinning this effect.