Relevant bibliographies by topics / Urban flood modeling

Academic literature on the topic 'Urban flood modeling'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Urban flood modeling"

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Jha, Manoj, and Sayma Afreen. "Flooding Urban Landscapes: Analysis Using Combined Hydrodynamic and Hydrologic Modeling Approaches." Water 12, no. 7 (July 14, 2020): 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071986.

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The frequency and severity of floods have been found to increase in recent decades, which have adverse effects on the environment, economics, and human lives. The catastrophe of such floods can be confronted with the advance prediction of floods and reliable analyses methods. This study developed a combined flood modeling system for the prediction of floods, and analysis of associated vulnerabilities on urban infrastructures. The application of the method was tested on the Blue River urban watershed in Missouri, USA, a watershed of historical significance for flood impacts and abundance of data availability for such analyses. The combined modeling system included two models: hydrodynamic model HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center—River Analysis System) and hydrologic model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). The SWAT model was developed for the watershed to predict time-series hydrograph data at desired locations, followed by the setup of HEC-RAS model for the analysis and prediction of flood extent. Both models were calibrated and validated independently using the observed data. The well-calibrated modeling setup was used to assess the extent of impacts of the hazard by identifying the flood risk zones and threatened critical infrastructures in flood zones through inundation mapping. Results demonstrate the usefulness of such combined modeling systems to predict the extent of flood inundation and thus support analyses of management strategies to deal with the risks associated with critical infrastructures in an urban setting. This approach will ultimately help with the integration of flood risk assessment information in the urban planning process.
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GebreEgziabher, Merhawi, and Yonas Demissie. "Modeling Urban Flood Inundation and Recession Impacted by Manholes." Water 12, no. 4 (April 18, 2020): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041160.

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Urban flooding, caused by unusually intense rainfall and failure of storm water drainage, has become more frequent and severe in many cities around the world. Most of the earlier studies focused on overland flooding caused by intense rainfall, with little attention given to floods caused by failures of the drainage system. However, the drainage system contributions to flood vulnerability have increased over time as they aged and became inadequate to handle the design floods. Adaption of the drainages for such vulnerability requires a quantitative assessment of their contribution to flood levels and spatial extent during and after flooding events. Here, we couple the one-dimensional Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to a new flood inundation and recession model (namely FIRM) to characterize the spatial extent and depth of manhole flooding and recession. The manhole overflow from the SWMM model and a fine-resolution elevation map are applied as inputs in FIRM to delineate the spatial extent and depth of flooding during and aftermath of a storm event. The model is tested for two manhole flooding events in the City of Edmonds in Washington, USA. Our two case studies show reasonable match between the observed and modeled flood spatial extents and highlight the importance of considering manholes in urban flood simulations.
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Cui, Yunsong, Qiuhua Liang, Gang Wang, Jiaheng Zhao, Jinchun Hu, Yuehua Wang, and Xilin Xia. "Simulation of Hydraulic Structures in 2D High-Resolution Urban Flood Modeling." Water 11, no. 10 (October 15, 2019): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102139.

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Urban flooding as a result of inadequate drainage capacity, failure of flood defenses, etc. is usually featured with highly transient hydrodynamics. Reliable and efficient prediction and forecasting of these urban flash floods is still a great technical challenge. Meanwhile, in urban environments, the flooding hydrodynamics and process may be influenced by flow regulation and flood protection hydraulic infrastructure systems, such as sluice gates, which should be effectively taken into account in an urban flood model. However, direct simulation of hydraulic structures is not a current practice in 2D urban flood modeling. This work aims to develop a robust numerical approach to directly simulate the effects of gate structures in a 2D high-resolution urban flood model. A new modeling component is developed and fully coupled to a finite volume Godunov-type shock-capturing shallow water model, to directly simulate the highly transient flood waves through hydraulic structures. Different coupling approaches, i.e., flux term coupling and source term coupling, are implemented and compared. A numerical experiment conducted for an analytical dam-break test indicates that the flux term coupling approach may lead to more accurate results, with the calculated RMSE against water level 28%–38% less than that produced by the source term coupling approach. The flux term coupling approach is therefore adopted to improve the current urban flood model, and it is further tested by reproducing the laboratory experiments of flood routing in a flume with partially open sluice gates, conducted in the hydraulic laboratory at the Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary, China. The numerical results are compared favorably with experimental measurements, with a maximum RMSE of 0.0851 for all the individual tests. The satisfactory results demonstrate that the flood model implemented with the flux coupling approach is able to accurately simulate the flow through hydraulic structures, with enhanced predictive capability for urban flood modeling.
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Vázquez-Salvador, Nallely, Miguel Alt Silva-Magaña, Marco A. Tapia-Palacios, Marisa Mazari-Hiriart, Manuel Mora-López, and Yosune Miquelajauregui. "Giardia lamblia infection risk modeling in Mexico city's flood water." Water Science and Technology 85, no. 7 (March 16, 2022): 2161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2022.094.

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Abstract Urban floods can be contaminated with fecal material and pathogens. Evidence on infection risks associated with exposure to waterborne pathogens in urban floods is lacking. We address this gap by assessing the risk of infection from exposure to Giardia lamblia in urban flood water samples in Mexico City using a QMRA. Historical flood data was used to build severity indices and to test for correlations with risk of infection estimates. Results indicate similar maximal pathogen densities in urban flood water samples to those from wastewater treatment plants. Significant positive correlations between risk of G. lamblia infection and severity indices suggest that floods could act as an important source of pathogen transmission in Mexico City. Risk of infection to G. lamblia is greater in the city's periphery, which is characterized by high marginalization levels. We argue that these risks should be managed by engaging citizens and water and health authorities in decision making.
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Kadaverugu, Ashok, Kasi Viswanadh Gorthi, and Nageshwar Rao Chintala. "Impacts of Urban Floods on Road Connectivity - A Review and Systematic Bibliometric Analysis." Current World Environment 16, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 575–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.16.2.22.

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Urban floods are paralyzing surface transportation and inflicting heavy economic losses. Climate-induced increase in frequency and intensity of rainfalls and excessive urbanization makes urban centers even more vulnerable to floods. It is necessary to quantify all dimensions of losses caused to road connectivity to improve flood mitigation policy. There is a need to consolidate the existing body of peer-reviewed contemporary literature on flood inundation modeling and its impacts on road connectivity. This will improve the awareness of policymakers and researchers and help in science-based decision making. Articles archived in the Web of Science database having the keywords floods and road in their title published between 1977 and 2020 were analyzed using the blibliometrix library of R. Analysis shows that the flood inundation and flood extent modeling has evolved from the conventional hydrological models to the near real-time crowd-sourced modeling methods. Applications of geographical information systems and advanced remote sensing methods have been growing in identifying road network vulnerabilities. We observed a gap in harmonized data availability, due to the unstructured data formats at several scales, which hinders a generalized approach for flood risk modeling studies for urban planning. Concentrated efforts have to be made to fill the gaps in data availability and research methodologies, especially using crowd-sourced data. Further, efforts have to be made to increase awareness, early warning systems, and alternate transport networks, to make the cities less vulnerable to floods.
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Yang, Quntao, Shuliang Zhang, Qiang Dai, and Rui Yao. "Improved Framework for Assessing Vulnerability to Different Types of Urban Floods." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 17, 2020): 7668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187668.

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Vulnerability assessment is an essential tool in mitigating the impact of urban flooding. To date, most flood vulnerability research has focused on one type of flood, such as a pluvial or fluvial flood. However, cities can suffer from urban flooding for several reasons, such as precipitation and river levee overtopping. Therefore, a vulnerability assessment considering different types of floods (pluvial floods, fluvial floods, and compound flooding induced by both rainfall and river overtopping) was conducted in this study. First, a coupled urban flood model, considering both overland and sewer network flow, was developed using the storm water management model (SWMM) and LISFLOOD-FP model to simulate the different types of flood and applied to Lishui, China. Then, the results of the flood modeling were combined with a vulnerability curve to obtain the potential impact of flooding on different land-use classes. The results indicated that different types of floods could have different influence areas and result in various degrees of flood vulnerability for different land-use classes. The results also suggest that urban flood vulnerability can be underestimated due to a lack of consideration of the full flood-induced factors.
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Rangari, V. A., R. Gonugunta, N. V. Umamahesh, A. K. Patel, and C. M. Bhatt. "1D-2D MODELING OF URBAN FLOODS AND RISK MAP GENERATION FOR THE PART OF HYDERABAD CITY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (November 19, 2018): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-445-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Space for water is now becoming guiding principle of urban planning because urban flooding is the major problem facing by most of the cities in India. Urban development in developing countries like India usually occurs with high population concentrating in small areas, with poor drainage conditions. People occupy floodplain areas in low flood years and when larger flood occurs it causes high damage. The origin for urban floods is floodplains encroachment and unplanned drainage systems. Complexities in the urban environment and drainage infrastructure have an inherent influence on surface runoff. This runoff generates urban flooding which poses challenges to modeling urban flood hazard and risk. As like in river flooding satellite images are not available for unban flooding scenario. So better modelling provides minimizing loss of life and property. The present study focuses on recognizing the highly effected areas which are liable to flooding when extreme rainfall occurs for part of Hyderabad city (Zone XIII). The entire Hyderabad city is divided into 16 zones and each zone having details of existing drain network. A coupled 1D-2D flood modelling approach is used to identify flood prone areas and develop flood inundation and flood risk maps. 1D model for pilot area is developed using storm water management model (SWMM) and coupled with 2D PCSWMM. A web based GIS platform INPPINS is used to geo reference the existing network details and exported to 1D SWMM model. The model is simulated for extreme flood event occurred in past. The simulation run results identifies overflowing drainage nodes and flood inundation maps and risk maps prepared. The flood risk maps identify the low lying areas which need immediate attention in case of emergency. The overflowing nodes suggest the need of improvement of drainage in the area to safely dispose of the storm water and minimize the flooding.</p>
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Zhou, Qianqian, Jiongheng Su, Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Yi Ren, Jinhua Luo, Zijian Ye, and Junman Feng. "A GIS-Based Hydrological Modeling Approach for Rapid Urban Flood Hazard Assessment." Water 13, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13111483.

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Urban floods are detrimental to societies, and flood mapping techniques provide essential support for decision-making on the better management of flood risks. This study presents a GIS-based flood characterization methodology for the rapid and efficient identification of urban flood-prone areas, which is especially relevant for large-scale flood hazards and emergency assessments for data-scarce studies. The results suggested that optimal flood mapping was achieved by adopting the median values of the thresholds for local depression extraction, the topographic wetness index (TWI) and aggregation analyses. This study showed the constraints of the depression extraction and TWI methods and proposed a methodology to improve the performance. A new performance indicator was further introduced to improve the evaluation ability of hazard mapping. It was shown that the developed methodology has a much lower demand on the data and computation efforts in comparison to the traditional two-dimensional models and, meanwhile, provides relatively accurate and robust assessments of flood hazards.
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Rahmati, Darabi, Haghighi, Stefanidis, Kornejady, Nalivan, and Bui. "Urban Flood Hazard Modeling Using Self-Organizing Map Neural Network." Water 11, no. 11 (November 12, 2019): 2370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112370.

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Floods are the most common natural disaster globally and lead to severe damage, especially in urban environments. This study evaluated the efficiency of a self-organizing map neural network (SOMN) algorithm for urban flood hazard mapping in the case of Amol city, Iran. First, a flood inventory database was prepared using field survey data covering 118 flooded points. A 70:30 data ratio was applied for training and validation purposes. Six factors (elevation, slope percent, distance from river, distance from channel, curve number, and precipitation) were selected as predictor variables. After building the model, the odds ratio skill score (ORSS), efficiency (E), true skill statistic (TSS), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) were used as evaluation metrics to scrutinize the goodness-of-fit and predictive performance of the model. The results indicated that the SOMN model performed excellently in modeling flood hazard in both the training (AUC = 0.946, E = 0.849, TSS = 0.716, ORSS = 0.954) and validation (AUC = 0.924, E = 0.857, TSS = 0.714, ORSS = 0.945) steps. The model identified around 23% of the Amol city area as being in high or very high flood risk classes that need to be carefully managed. Overall, the results demonstrate that the SOMN model can be used for flood hazard mapping in urban environments and can provide valuable insights about flood risk management.
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Siddayao, Generino P., Sony E. Valdez, and Proceso L. Fernandez. "Modeling Flood Risk for an Urban CBD Using AHP and GIS." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 5, no. 10 (2015): 748–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijiet.2015.v5.604.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Urban flood modeling"

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Lant, Jeremiah. "A Hydraulic Modeling Framework for Producting Urban Flood Maps for Zanesville, Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306933258.

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Liu, Yuling. "Multi-Agent Based Modeling and Simulation of Flood Evacuation Decision-Making Considering Dynamics of Urban Life." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120843.

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Grimley, Lauren Elise. "Urban and rural flood forecasting: a case study of a small town in Iowa." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6118.

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Floods are the most common natural disaster in the U.S. as reported by the Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA), and there is a need to provide advance warning to vulnerable communities on the potential risks of flooding after intense storms. The key drivers of urban hydrological research include climate change impacts and adaption, city resilience to hydrological extremes, and integration with emergency management and city planning disciplines. Significant advances in modeling techniques and computational resources have made real-time flood forecasting tools in urban and rural areas an achievable goal, but there is no universal method for flood modeling. Urban landscapes pose a challenge because of fine-scale features and heterogeneities in the landscape including streets, buildings, pipes, and impervious land cover. A nested regional-local modeling approach was used to evaluate its capabilities to provide useful and accurate flood related information to a small community in Iowa. The advantage of a nested approach is the ability to harness the computational efficiency of the regional model while providing reasonably accurate streamflow boundary conditions to the local model. The nested model incorporates the tools and products maintained at the Iowa Flood Center (IFC) including the streamflow bridge sensors, rain gauges, radar rainfall product, and statewide model. A one-way connection was made between the regional model of the upper Maquoketa Watershed (275 mi2) and the local model of the City of Manchester (5 mi2). The uncalibrated, nested model was validated using photos and streamflow records for flood events that occurred in July 2010 and September 2016. Multiple radar rainfall estimates were used as input to the model to better understand the impacts of the spatial and temporal resolution and variations of rainfall on streamflow predictions. A local storm event analysis was completed to determine the vulnerable areas of the stormwater network in eastern Manchester. The two main sources of flooding in Manchester are from the river and from local runoff. During extreme flood events caused by the river, the hydrologic impacts of the urban catchment are masked and the stormwater network system is overwhelmed. The coarse, regional model is limited in producing streamflow results for the small tributaries draining the eastern areas of Manchester. In the case of localized rainfall, a fine resolution model that takes into account the stormwater network and rainfall-runoff dynamics are crucial to capturing the hydrologic response of the urban area. Overall, the nested model showed skill in reproducing the hydrographs and the flood extents. Using an ensemble of rainfall input, the multiple model realizations envelope the observed streamflow indicating that the uncertainty of the rainfall is implicitly captured in the model results. The simulated streamflow at the outlet varies significantly depending on the spatial resolution of the rainfall but shows small sensitivity to the temporal resolution of the rainfall input. However, the local rainfall-runoff volumes vary significantly depending on the spatial and temporal resolution of the rainfall input. Recommendations are given to Manchester to highlight areas at risk to flooding. Recommendations are given to the IFC on the capabilities of the nested regional-local modeling approach along with suggestions for future work to incorporate urban areas into the statewide flood forecasting system.
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Stanley, Christopher. "Flood Visualization for Urban Planning : An exploratory spatiotemporal visualization of storm water runoff in 2D and 3D." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21822.

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Modelling hydrologic processes is important for understanding how the water cycle works in different environments. Cities which undergo constant changes are subject to flood hazards resulting from severe rainfall. This paper aims to simulate severe rainfall, visualize the results, incorporating both spatial and temporal dimensions, and to make future recommendations for further studies on flood visualization. Visualizing the results from a rainfall simulation using GIS provides urban planners and others the means to view the dynamics of the surface runoff. At the same time, it makes accessible advanced querying and analytical tools. A hydrological model for the study area in Gävle, Sweden was used to simulate a 100-year rainfall. Through FME, the data was reduced, time-stamped and combined to a shapefile. Both 2D software, ArcGIS, and 3D software, ArcScene, were used for creating an animated flood visualization. This study shows that although 2D tested better by a group of planners and water professionals, the 3D was still considered more intuitive. The heightened sense of realism from 3D outweighs its drawbacks, and further studies are required to test different methods of 3D visualization.
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Henrich, Michael. "The influence of temporal rainfall distribution and storm movement on flood depth in urban pluvial cloud burst modeling." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-265572.

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Pluvial floods are the most difficult and to date least investigated phenomena in urban hydrology. While efforts are being made to increase the knowledge base concerning this type of flooding, a large part of the difficulty lies in the nature of the precipitation. Convective storms represent most of the larger intensity short term rainfall in urban areas and is also the raintype, that is expected to increase the most in the future. The rain cells of this type have a more distinct boundary, larger intensity, a smaller extent and a shorter life span, than frontal rains. Combined with the low availability of densely spaced rain gauge networks and also low temporal resolution of measurements in 15 minutes intervals at best, makes this rain type still very difficult to analyze and even harder to predict. The resolution of cloud radar images at 2x2km and taken every 15 minutes is too coarse and the error reduction algorithms for radar based precipitation (HIPRAD) images to analysera in patterns are not sufficient by them selves to analyze the characteristics of such rainfields and the processes occurring within these fields. The spatial variation of raincells, their development and decay, the distance between them, and the velocity and direction of their movement can however be investigated employing a combination of densely spaced rain gauges and radar images to reach a more realistic representation of short-term precipitation for the use of in hydraulic models. The movement of rain fields has been investigated with two main areas of focus: The influence of direction or directional bias, often with an interest in the most crucial case referred to as the resonance effect, and in context of areal reduction of point rainfall. Most of these studies have been carried out with statistical methods and in laboratory experiments. In this study a hydraulic model was built on the terrain model of a realcity, a 28 km area in the city of Falun, to test the recently gathered information about the temporal variation of five empirical hyetographs with different peak arrival times and peak intensities, which are representative of Swedish climate. The hyetographs were produced and provided by SMHI. The empirical rain types were derived from 20 years of rain gauge observations and confirmed by radar images. For reference purposes, a standard Chicago design storm (CDS) rain was modeled as well. The simulated scenarios were modeled as a MIKE 21 hydraulic model, as a stationary scenario and in four movement directions. It was foundthat the empirical rain types produced lower inundation depth than the CDS, in a range of 20 to 50 % lower. The effect of modeling rainfall in motion produced on average only about 4-20 % lower water depths than the corresponding non-moving scenario. In a few instances, in a single evaluation point, the moving scenarios resulted in a relative water depth of a maximum of just above 1%. It was concluded that the conceptual approach of areal reduction from movement seems to be accurate and could help improve modeling rainfall in general, and specifically for cloud burst scenarios of shorter durations in urban catchments. It was also found that further investigation of the physical processes in rainfields could serve to increase the accuracy in areal reduction of precipitation for more realistic hydraulic models and in turn reduce over design.
Pluviala översvämningar är den typen, som är både svårast att reda ut och samtidigt den minst utforskade fenomenen inom urban hydrologi. Medan ansträngningar görs för att förbättra kunskapsläget, ligger den största svårigheten i nederbördens skepnad. Det är konvektiva regn som utgör de flesta av de starkare korttids regntillfällen i urbana områden och är också regntypen som förväntas att öka mest i framtiden. Regncellerna har en tydligare avgränsning, en större intensitet, mindre utsträckning, och en kortare livscykel än frontala regn. I kombination med den låga tillgängligheten av regnmätarnätverk med hög täthet i positioneringen av mätare, samt den låga tidsupplösningen av mätningar i intervaller av 15 minuter gör att konvektiva regn fortfarande är svåra att analysera och ännu svårare att förutse. Upplösningen av molnradar bilder av 2x2 km som tas varje 15:de minut är för grova och algoritmer för felreducering av bilder från radarbaserad nederbördsdata (HIPRAD) för analys av regn mönster är inte tillräckligt noggranna, för sig, för att kunna analysera egenskaperna av sådana regnfält och de processerna som karakteriserar dessa. Den spatiala variationen inom regnceller, deras utveckling och förfall, avståndet mellan dem samt riktningen och hastigheten kan ändå undersökas med hjälp av kombinationen av regnmätarnätverk och radar bilder för att uppnå mer realistiska korttids nederbördsscenarier för användning i hydrauliska model. Studier, som har undersökt regn i rörelse har varit fokuserade på två huvudområden: Betydelsen av riktningen, i vilken regnet rör sig, där den största effekten som denna riktningsbias kan uppnå, har döpts resonans effekt och i samband med ytreducering (areal reduction) av punkt nederbörd. De flesta av dessa studier har genomförts med hjälp av statistiska metoder och laboratorieexperiment. I denna studie skapades en hydraulisk modell baserad på en realistisk terräng av ett existerade urbant område, en yta på 28 km i Falun, för att testa den nyligen utvärderade informationen om temporala intensitets fördelningen som representerar det svenska klimatet. Regndatat producerades och tillhandahölls av SMHI och representerar en mätserie från regnmätare över en period av 20 år. Som referens modellerades även ett Chicago regn (CDS). Med hjälp av en MIKE21 hydraulisk modell, simulerades ett stationärt scenario och fyra rörelseriktningar för varje empirisk hyetograf. Resultaten visade att de empiriska regntyperna skapade översvämningar med 20-50% lägre vattendjup än CDS regnet. Att modellera rörelsen resulterade i 4-20% lägre vattennivåer jämfört med respektive stationär scenario. I några enstaka tillfällen, i en av evalueringspunkterna, skapade de rörliga scenarierna större resultat, med lite över 1% i det största fallet. Det drogs slutsatsen att konceptet av areal reduction genom molnrörelse verkar vara korrekt och skulle kunna hjälpa att förbättra sättet att modellera regn generellt, men också specifikt för skyfalls scenarier med korta varaktigheter över urbana avrinningsområden. Man kom ytterligare till slutsatsen att framtida studier i samband med de fysiska processerna i regnceller skulle kunna användas för att höja noggrannheten av ytreducering av nederbörd för mer realistiska hydrauliska modeller, som i sin tur kunde minska överdesign.
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Jin, Jing. "INTEGRATING GIS AND HYDROLOGIC MODELING FOR LAND USE BASED FLOOD SIMULATION - A CASE STUDY OF MILL CREEK WATERSHED, SOUTHWEST OHIO." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin987521513.

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Boldrin, Rodrigo Süzes. "Avaliação de cenários de inundações urbanas a partir de medidas não-estruturais de controle: trecho da bacia do córrego do Gregório, São Carlos - SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-09032016-164031/.

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Os processos de cheias em bacias urbanas vêm sendo agravados devido a uma série de motivos associados à ocupação desordenada do solo urbano. As medidas de controle de enchentes podem ter sua eficiência analisada através da modelagem hidrológica matemática. É neste sentido que o presente trabalho analisa a influência da urbanização sobre os distúrbios no escoamento superficial, por meio de simulações de cenários urbanísticos propostos, com a finalidade de servir como ferramenta de planejamento urbano. Para isso, definiu-se como área de estudo, parte da bacia do Córrego do Gregório, São Carlos - SP. As principais informações da bacia a serem consideradas são: topografia, hidrografia, uso do solo urbano, expansão da área urbana, áreas de proteção ambiental e divisores de microbacias. O modelo hidrológico utilizado é o IPHS-1, do tipo concentrado. Para essa análise são propostos e simulados cenários urbanísticos, baseados na adoção de medidas de controle de inundações não-estruturais, referindo-se principalmente, à conservação de áreas verdes e disciplinamento do uso e ocupação do solo, verificando sua eficiência na redução do volume escoado e atenuação das vazões de pico.
The flooding processes in urban basins have become worse due to many reasons. All of them associated with the disorganized occupancy of the urban area land. The efficiency of flood mitigation measures can be analyzed by mathematical modeling. This study aims to be used as a tool for urban planning and it analyses the influence of the urbanization processes on surface runoff, using simulation of several urbanization scenarios. The case study was undertaken at the Gregório River Basin in São Carlos - SP. The main information considered was topography, hydrology, urban land use, urbanization, protected land and sub-basins. The software used was IPHS-1 which is a lumped hydrologic model. In this research many urbanization scenarios are proposed and simulated. These views are based in many nonstructural flood mitigation alternatives such as land cover conservation, use and occupancy of the land, in order to check their efficiency in reducing the total volume of surface runoff and the peak flow.
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Pontremolez, Nataska Schincariol. "Estudo das inundações em cenários alternativos de uso e ocupação do solo na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego do Mineirinho em São Carlos, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-27082014-110840/.

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No Brasil, o processo de urbanização iniciado na década de 1950 ocorreu sem o planejamento adequado, e resultou em impactos sobre os sistemas de drenagem das bacias hidrográficas. Essas alterações no escoamento, associadas à ocupação humana das áreas de várzea, resultam em inundações com enormes prejuízos materiais e não materiais. Na falta de uma visão mais global dos processos que ocorrem na bacia, muitas vezes os problemas de enchentes urbanas são combatidos com obras que visam expulsar a água o mais rápido possível. Tais soluções acabam por transferir o problema para regiões à jusante da bacia, além de estimular a ampliação da ocupação das planícies de inundação dos cursos de água. Em 1945, em sua tese de doutorado, o pesquisador Gilbert F. White analisou os prejuízos materiais e não materiais causados por inundações nos Estados Unidos e concluiu que, sempre que possível, a ocupação humana deve se adaptar às enchentes. A partir desse princípio, foi criado em 1969 o Urban Drainage and Flood Control District (UDFCD), com o objetivo de ajudar governos locais da região metropolitana de Denver, nos EUA, na redução do risco de inundações. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal o estudo das inundações geradas por precipitações de diferentes tempos de retorno em cenários alternativos de ocupação da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego do Mineirinho. Um dos cenários estudados foi desenvolvido à luz dos princípios e diretrizes do UDFCD para o controle de inundações. A modelação hidráulico-hidrológica foi utilizada para construir hidrogramas de cheia e manchas de inundação para a bacia, e assim possibilitar a comparação entre os cenários alternativos. Os resultados demonstraram que o Plano Diretor Municipal de São Carlos não considera o controle de inundações, e caso a região se desenvolva segundo suas diretrizes, ocorrerá ampliação das inundações na bacia e aumento nas vazões descarregadas no exutório, em relação à situação atual. Caso seja construído o reservatório de detenção previsto no Plano Diretor de Drenagem Urbana, as vazões no exutório diminuirão drasticamente, reduzindo o impacto nas bacias à jusante; no entanto, a inundação atingirá áreas residenciais, causando problemas aos habitantes. Caso a região se desenvolva segundo os princípios e diretrizes do UDFCD para o controle de inundações, as vazões no exutório da bacia diminuirão em relação à situação atual, e as áreas inundadas não atingirão a população.
In Brazil, the urbanization process started in the 1950s occurred without proper planning, and resulted in negative impacts on the hydrologic systems, such as increased frequency of flooding and peak flow volumes. The changes in runoff associated with human occupation of floodplains result in floods with huge losses. In the absence of a more global view of the processes occurring in the watersheds, often the problems of urban flooding are countered with works that aim to expel the water as quickly as possible. Such solutions end up transferring the problem to regions downstream of the watershed, and stimulate the occupation of floodplains. In 1945, Gilbert F. White analyzed the material and non-material damage caused by floods in the United States and concluded that whenever possible, human occupation must adapt to floods. From that idea, in 1969 was created the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District (UDFCD), with the goal of helping local governments in Denver metropolitan area, USA, in reducing the risk of flooding. This work aimed to study the floods generated by rainfall of different return periods under alternative scenarios for the land use and occupation of the watershed of stream Mineirinho, in Sao Carlos, SP. A particular scenario of land use and occupation was developed under the principles and guidelines of UDFCD for flood control. Hydraulic-hydrological modeling was performed to construct hydrographs and flood maps for the watershed, enabling a comparison between the alternative scenarios. The results demonstrated that the Master Plan of Sao Carlos does not consider flood control, and if the region is developed according to their guidelines, the flow rate and flood areas will be increase, in comparison to the current situation of land use and occupation. If the detention reservoir provided for Master Plan for Urban Drainage is built, flow rates will decrease drastically, reducing the impact on the watersheds downstream. However, the flood will reach residential areas, causing problems for the population. If the region is developed according to the principles and guidelines of UDFCD for flood control, the outflow will decrease compared to the current situation, and the flooded areas will not reach the population.
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Rubinato, Matteo. "Physical scale modelling of urban flood systems." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9270/.

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Urban flooding is defined as ‘an overflowing or irruption of water over urban pathways which are not usually submerged’. Current economic, climatic and social trends suggest that the frequency, magnitude and cost of flooding are likely to increase in the future. Hydraulic models are commonly used by engineers in order to predict and mitigate flood risk. However full scale calibration and validation datasets for these modelling tools are scarce. The main research objective of this thesis was to design and construct a physical model in order to provide datasets useful to verify, calibrate and validate computer model results in terms of energy losses in manholes. To address these issues, an experimental facility has been constructed to enable the investigation of energy losses under steady and unsteady flow conditions in a scaled sewer system. Originally the model was composed of six manholes and three main pipes and then it was modified into a single pipe linked to an urban surface through a single manhole. Experiments involved the measurement of flow rates, velocity, pressure and water depth within the physical models under different hydraulic scenarios. Steady flow tests were conducted to quantify energy losses though manhole structures with different inlet/outlet configurations under a range of hydraulic conditions. Unsteady flow tests were conducted to examine the performance of different computational hydraulic models. These tests have shown that the performance of the SWMM hydraulic model could be improved by including local losses in the calibration process. After modification the model was used to quantify sewer to surface and surface to sewer flow exchange through a single manhole during pluvial flooding. The work has demonstrated the feasibility of using weir and orifice equations within modelling tools to quantify this exchange under steady conditions. The model was used to empirically quantify discharge coefficients for energy loss equations which describe flow exchange for the first time.
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Evans, Barry. "A multilayered approach to two-dimensional urban flood modelling." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/117891.

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With urbanisation continuing to encroach upon flood plains, the constant replacement of permeable land with impermeable surfaces and with the changes in global climate, the need for improved flood modelling is ever more apparent. A wide range of methods exist that simulate surface flow; most commonly in one-dimensional (1D) or twodimensional (2D), and more recently on smaller scales in three-dimensional (3D) models. In urban flood modelling, 2D models are often the preferred choice as they can simulate surface flow more accurately than their 1D model counterparts; they are, however, more computationally demanding and thereby usually require greater simulation time. With the vast amount of information used in flood modelling, generalisation techniques are often employed to reduce the computational load within a simulation. The objective of this thesis is to improve 2D flood modelling in urban environments by introducing a new and novel approach of representing fine scale building features within coarse grids. This is achieved by creating an automated approach that data-mines key features such as buildings and represents their effects numerically within a multiple layer grid format. This new approach is tested in comparison to two other, already established generalising techniques which are single layer based. The effectiveness of each model is assessed by its ability to accurately represent surface flow at different grid resolutions and how each copes with varying building orientations and distributions within the test datasets. The performance of each generalising approach is determined therefore by its accuracy in relation to the fine scale model and the difference in the computational time required complete the simulation. Finally the multilayered methodology is applied to a real case scenario to test its applicability further. Overall it revealed, as predicted, that the multilayered approach enables far greater accuracies at routing surface flow within coarse grids whilst still greatly reducing computational time. As a further benefit in urban flood modelling, this thesis shows that using a multilayered data format it is possible to simulate the influence of features that have a grid resolution finer than the initial terrain topology data, thus enabling, for example, the routing of surface water through alleyways between buildings that have a width less than one meter.
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Books on the topic "Urban flood modeling"

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Hadiwardoyo, Sigit P. Modelling issues in urban systems engineering problematics: Decision support for flood management and railway development as a competitive public transport between Indonesian cities : final report year 1, international research collaboration and scientific publication. Depok]: Universitas Indonesia, 2011.

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Rocky, Durrans S., Dietrich Kristen, Ahmad Muneef, and Haestad Methods Inc, eds. Stormwater conveyance modeling and design. Waterbury, CT: Haestad Press, 2003.

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Stormwater Conveyance Modeling and Design. Haestad Press, 2003.

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(Editor), Robert W. Brashear, and Cedo Maksimovic (Editor), eds. Urban Drainage Modeling: Proceedings of the Specialty Symposium Held in Conjunction With the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, May 20-24, 2001, Orlando, florid. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001.

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Modelling of Floods in Urban Areas. MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-1619-6.

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Meesuk, Vorawit. Point Cloud Data Fusion for Enhancing 2D Urban Flood Modelling. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Point Cloud Data Fusion for Enhancing 2D Urban Flood Modelling. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Meesuk, Vorawit. Point Cloud Data Fusion for Enhancing 2D Urban Flood Modelling. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Meesuk, Vorawit. Point Cloud Data Fusion for Enhancing 2D Urban Flood Modelling. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Meesuk, Vorawit. Point Cloud Data Fusion for Enhancing 2D Urban Flood Modelling. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Urban flood modeling"

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Guo, James C. Y. "Watershed modeling." In Urban Flood Mitigation and Stormwater Management, 135–76. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21972-6.

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Schmitt, Theo G., and Martin Thomas. "Urban Drainage Modeling and Flood Risk Management." In X.media.publishing, 109–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88203-9_7.

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Ortiz, L., A. Mustafa, B. Rosenzweig, and Timon McPhearson. "Modeling Urban Futures: Data-Driven Scenarios of Climate Change and Vulnerability in Cities." In Resilient Urban Futures, 129–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63131-4_9.

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AbstractCities are complex systems where social, ecological, and technological processes are deeply coupled. This coupling complicates urban planning and land use development, as changing one facet of the urban fabric will likely impact the others. As cities grapple with climate change, there is a growing need to envision urban futures that not only address more frequent and intense severe weather events but also improve day-to-day livability. Here we examine climate risks as functions of the local land use with numerical models. These models leverage a wide array of data sources, from satellite imagery to tax assessments and land cover. We then present a machine-learning cellular automata approach to combine historical land use change with local coproduced urban future scenarios. The cellular automata model uses historical and ancillary data like existing road systems and natural features to develop a set of probabilistic land use change rules, which are then modified according to stakeholder priorities. The resulting land use scenarios are evaluated against historical flood hazards, showcasing how they perform against stakeholder expectations. Our work shows that coproduced scenarios, when grounded with historical and emerging data, can provide paths that increase resilience to weather hazards as well as enhancing ecosystem services provided to citizens.
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Araud, Quentin, Pascal Finaud-Guyot, Fabrice Lawniczak, Pierre François, José Vazquez, and Robert Mosé. "Modeling Flood in an Urban Area: Validation of Numerical Tools Against Experimental Data." In Advances in Hydroinformatics, 207–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-42-0_18.

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Prakash, Mahesh, James Hilton, and Lalitha Ramachandran. "Integrating Hydrodynamic and Hydraulic Modeling for Evaluating Future Flood Mitigation in Urban Environments." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 282–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15994-2_28.

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Tashiro, Takashi, and Aung Khaing Min. "Flood Risks and Their Management in Urban Japan—Modeling Inner Flooding in Tsushima City, Tokai Region." In Towards the Implementation of the New Urban Agenda, 117–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61376-5_9.

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da Silva, Lucas Borges Leal, Marcelo Hazin Alencar, and Adiel Teixeira de Almeida. "Toward Modeling Flood Risk-Related Decisions That Deal with Climate Changes in Urban Areas: A Multidimensional Approach." In Handbook of Climate Change Management, 3299–328. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57281-5_269.

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da Silva, Lucas Borges Leal, Marcelo Hazin Alencar, and Adiel Teixeira de Almeida. "Toward Modeling Flood Risk-Related Decisions That Deal with Climate Changes in Urban Areas: A Multidimensional Approach." In Handbook of Climate Change Management, 1–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22759-3_269-1.

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Saul, Adrian J., Slobodan Djordjević, čedo Maksimović, and John Blanksby. "Integrated Urban Flood Modelling." In Flood Risk Science and Management, 258–88. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444324846.ch13.

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Mondal, Biraj Kanti, and Satiprasad Sahoo. "Application of Geospatial Techniques for Urban Flood Management: A Review." In Spatial Modelling of Flood Risk and Flood Hazards, 225–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94544-2_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Urban flood modeling"

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Zhu, Jing. "GIS Based Urban Flood Inundation Modeling." In 2010 Second Global Congress on Intelligent Systems (GCIS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcis.2010.264.

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Kandasamy, Jaya, and Simon Beecham. "Experience of Flood Modeling in NSW, Australia." In Ninth International Conference on Urban Drainage (9ICUD). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40644(2002)270.

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Akter, Aysha, and Md Torikul Alam. "Urban Flood Hazard Modeling and Mapping Using PCSWMM." In International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure 2019. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482650.007.

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Wright, Nigel, and Ignacio Villanueva. "Modeling Urban Flood Inundation in a Parallel Computing Environment." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)462.

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Loucks, Eric D., Thomas W. Chapman, and Jeffrey A. Wickenkamp. "Lincoln Creek Flood Control Management Plan." In Specialty Symposium on Urban Drainage Modeling at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40583(275)38.

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Leme de Barros, Mario Thadeu, Heloísa A. M. Pion, and Flávia M. Gonçalves. "Flood Warning Model for São Paulo City." In Specialty Symposium on Urban Drainage Modeling at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40583(275)31.

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CUI, YUNSONG, QIUHUA LIANG, GANG WANG, JINCHUN HU, and YUEHUA WANG. "SIMULATION OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES IN 2D HIGH-RESOLUTION URBAN FLOOD MODELING." In 38th IAHR World Congress. The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/38wc092019-055.

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Milina, Jadranka, Klaus-Peter Nieschulz, Ingrid Selseth, and Wolfgang Schilling. "A Proactive Approach to Flood Risk Management in Urban Drainage Systems." In Specialty Symposium on Urban Drainage Modeling at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40583(275)34.

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Christierson, Birgitte V., Clyde Dabbs, Henrik Soerensen, and Jesper T. Kjelds. "An Integrated Flood Management Model for the Estero-Imperial-Cocohatchee Watershed." In Specialty Symposium on Urban Drainage Modeling at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40583(275)33.

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Hanayni, Fadhila, and Muhammad Sulaiman. "Evaluation of Urban Drainage System as a Flood Control in Klitren Urban Village." In The 2nd International Conference on Technology for Sustainable Development. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-6t3343.

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Flooding that often happens during the rainy season in Klitren urban village is caused by reducing open space as water catchment areas [1]. It happens due to several factors, including a large amount of land that has been converted into residential areas and unsustainable existing drainage systems. To evaluate the amount of runoff produced by the area, the writer conducted a simulation using EPA SWMM 5.1 software. The simulation is conducted to compare how much runoff is generated by the area and how much water is collected according to the drainage system's capacity. Modeling alternatives used including the existing condition and other alternatives such as implementing green infrastructure installations. From the results of the analysis conducted in the study location, the runoff decreased from 3,09 m3/s to 2,92 m3/s, and the runoff decreased by 5,5%. Then, it can be used as a reference for implementing green infrastructure in urban areas.
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