Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Urban factory'
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1
Hunting, Jesse L. "Industrializing housing through factory production : future or fantasy?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49700.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83).
The purpose of this thesis is to review and assess the state of factory-built housing in the U.S., and to propose a business plan for a new approach. The thesis addresses the question: What would be a viable factory-based home building strategy for the Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S.? The thesis begins with research on the history and early ethos of the factory-built housing industry in conjunction with an analysis of the factory-built housing industry's current image, advantages, and challenges. To assess the image of the industry, a variety of common perceptions regarding the industry were explored. To isolate the specific advantages and challenges facing the industry, the thesis compares the relative and normalized costs of factory-built homes to site-built homes in addition to macro issues, like building regulations. The thesis also provides a synthesis of the research in the form of a business strategy. The business strategy takes the strengths identified in the initial research and couples them with a viable and forward looking development strategy suited to Pennsylvania's housing market. Key among the proposal's recommendations are using factory production to build secondary homes, like granny flats or summer cottages and marketing the homes as a community. The example given in the business plan includes developing infill retirement communities in small Pennsylvania towns. Other examples could include developing small vacation communities.
by Jesse L. Hunting.
M.C.P.
2
Kaup, Thomas. "A complex order for industry : design of an urban factory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67416.
Abstract:
Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1993.Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-149).
Whereas the separation of work from domestic life introduced during the industrial revolution has brought enormous increases in productivity through the division of labor, the cultural cost of this fracture for society is still underestimated. Some of the initial reasons for the phenomenon, namely unbearable environmental impact, inhumane working conditions and the monstrous scale of apparatus have started to lose significance through technological progress. The idea of industry as a constant state of emergency, for various reasons sometimes even embraced by old-style managements, has been recognized as an obstacle for efficiency in modem production. If this is true, what are the architectural implications? Being 'different' or 'somewhere else' is still considered an inherent characteristic of industry: architecturally, a factory-gate is still the entrance to another world. This thesis investigates an integrative approach. Rather than enhancing the outlandish, it argues for exploring a genuine industrial order with a strategy that understands size and complexity of the programmatic features of the organism as potential for opportunistic appropriation, interpretative continuation or value-driven contradiction of meaningful elements and qualities of the environment. The strategy relies on several principles borrowed from chaos theory such as fractional dimension, self-similar behavior of forms, non-linear growth, and others.
Thomas Kaup.
M.Arch.
3
Gan, Junjiao. "Chengdu CSR : factory town 2.0 : urban regeneration of a socialist factory town in the west of China." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111546.
Abstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Architecture Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 218-219).
This thesis is to explore the urban design strategies for the regeneration of a Socialist factory town, Chengdu CSR, in Chengdu, a major city in the west of China. A socialist factory town is an urban composition of both municipal and manufacture functions. It is a top-down system in the control of the central government in order to execute its economic and social policies directly. Factory towns are established on all different economic sectors, agriculture, military control, steel, oil and machinery. The establishment of socialist factory towns industrialized the region and brought in millions of population from the east and north parts of China. The factory town studied in the thesis, China South Railway, Chengdu (Chengdu CSR) is focused on the maintenance of locomotives and carriages from 1951. However, the reform of economy in the 1980s shifted the planned economy to the market economy which also led to the serious decline of factory towns from the 1990s after their forty-year extraordinary growth. At present, the factory town has become a negative place in the city disconnected with surrounding urban environment suffering with outdated infrastructure. Through the research on the history of factory towns in the aspect of design, it is concluded that the three design principles of previous factory towns, Monumentality, Mono-function Zoning and 2D Design, created the space without the flexibility and diversity required by rising service industry and technology based enterprises. It is one of the major reasons for the decline of the campus of the socialist factory towns. Both as a criticism and an alternative methodology, new design principles are proposed, overlaying and intersecting bands of different programs in order to obtain Urbanity and Temporality in the regeneration plans for these factory towns. Inspired by the local cultural element, Mahjong, these design principles are further developed into one major urban strategy, Mahjong. This strategy shifts the previous linear manufacture factory to be a platform, Factory Town 2.0, which accelerates the connections and interactions between Chengdu Institute of Technology, Chengdu CSR, original equipment manufacturers (OEM), hundreds of startups and medium-size enterprises (SME). In addition, the collision and overlaying of different functions creates a dynamic urban environment curating various events all the time during the day and bringing livelihood to the community. This thesis proposes new design principles, Urbanity and Temporality, which can be applied into different regeneration projects in the socialist factory towns in China, since they were all designed previously under the same principles.
by Junjiao Gan.
S.M. in Architecture Studies
4
Kimyon, Deniz. "Assessment Of Factory Campus Development In Turkey Through An Urban Design Perspective: The Case Of Iskenderun Iron And Steel Factory Campus." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615600/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis aims to elaborate the urbanism ideology developed in the early republican period of Turkey and its reflection on the development of factory campuses. In Turkey after the Ottoman Empire, new state with its own ideology has impact on shaping urban space, politics of urban forms development, urban morphology and urban metamorphosis. This thesis examines various factory campuses designed and built after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and focuses on a later campus developmentnamely Iskenderun Iron and Steel Factory Campus. The study notes the dissolution of factory-housing togetherness, and points to the design values in the case study presented.
5
Thaweesit, Suchada. "From village to factory "girl" : shifting narratives on gender and sexuality in Thailand /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6461.
6
Biggs, Lindy B. "Industry's master machine : factory planning and design in the age of mass production, 1900 to 1930." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41581.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph.D)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1987.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographies.
by Lindy B. Biggs.
Ph.D
7
Kalaycioglu, Hediye Sibel. "Formation of a working class? : a study of factory workers in Bolu, Turkey." Thesis, University of Kent, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308832.
8
Cephas, Jana Venee. "Beyond the Factory Gates: Detroit and the Aesthetics of Fordism, 1903-1941." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11700.
Abstract:
This dissertation analyzes the ways in which the new mode of industrial organization associating mass production with mass consumption in the early twentieth century--what we call Fordism--had profound cultural repercussions on urban spatial practices. I address Fordism as a mode of socialization that deployed industrial techniques to reconstitute the very nature of social relations. This attempt at broad socialization through technological means reflected a type of technical thought coalescing in the industrial practices of the early twentieth century that both brought spatial practices into its service and radically altered existing social relations. As such, Fordist ideas formulated to address efficiency in industrial production extended to the city, its architecture, and its inhabitants, construing them as technological artifacts subject to the same economies of scope and scale, and requirements of production and consumption as the manufacture of automobiles, demonstrating that Fordist modes of production permeated not just manufacturing processes but also the organization of management structures, the architectural layout of factories and offices, the social spaces of the city, and popular conceptions of individuality, subjectivity, and the body.
9
Fernandes, David J. (David James). "Catalytic development on the East Boston waterfront : an analysis of development opportunities for the former Deran candy factory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66376.
10
Benjamin, Solomon J. 1960. "Neighborhood as factory--the influence of land development and civic politics on an industrial cluster in Delhi, India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11045.
11
Wilcox, Timothy D. "Assembling an urban village : a redevelopment plan for the Ford Model T Factory, Highland Park, Michigan." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1286425.
Abstract:
The expansion of suburbia into undeveloped lands has had a major effect on our urban environments. These effects have resulted in both businesses and residents leaving cities for the greener pastures of suburbia. As a result many neighborhoods in cities such as Detroit have been left vacant and rundown. These left over sites offer a chance to bring new life to the communities in which they are located. New affordable communities can be created within the urban core, thus providing a new start for local residents and a reason for suburbanites to relocate back to the city.This project will be focusing on a redevelopment plan for the Historic Ford Model-T factory in Highland Park, Michigan. This small community lies within the borders of the city of Detroit and suffers from many of the previously described problems. Inadequate housing is a major issue for the city's residents along with the negative image that these vacant and run-down buildings portray. Recent developments show that there is an interest in reinvestment within the city through two recently constructed shopping plazas, and a new industrial complex that are within one city block of the site. Providing appealing housing options incorporated with places of business, can bring life back to a city that has lost so much as seen in other communities. The advent of the affordable automobile and highway system has helped in the demise of this community. This site is an important link to the areas past and present heritage as the motor capital of the world. Henry Ford was very involved in the creation of communities by building entire towns in order to provide housing for his workers, which is why this site is perfect to redevelop with housing. The main goal for this project is to create a better place to live for the current and future residents and a place that symbolizes the identity of its rich manufacturing past. The final product will be a conceptual master plan that will fit within an urban environment and meet the needs of the community. The methodology that I will use will consist of literature review and case studies of similar projects. It is my intention that this information will aid me in creating a conceptual master plan based on my two primary goals: to create a safe and unique place for the residents to call home and create a catalyst for more development.Department of Landscape Architecture
12
Janiec-Grygo, Milena Urszula. "Gender And Internal Migration In Wuhan, Hubei Province, China: Rural Hometowns, Factory Work, And Urban Experiences." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003249.
13
Grieve, Alexander Joseph. "Street Trees as a Source of Timber in Washington, DC." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84158.
Abstract:
Recycling felled urban trees that are hazardous or unhealthy is increasingly viewed as a viable practice to control disposal costs, promote environmental practices, and support local commerce. Wide spread waste wood utilization is encumbered by numerous presumptions about wood quantity, quality, accessibility, and presence of foreign objects; yet there is almost no scientific literature about these presumptions. Without this knowledge, informed decisions cannot be made about the viability of waste wood utilization. In this study, we assessed the quality and quantity of timber in street trees scheduled for routine removal by the District of Columbia (the District) using a modified timber grading protocol adapted from the United States Forest Service. We developed a second protocol to assess the feasibility of timber salvage by identifying physical barriers commonly encountered in urban areas (e.g., high volume traffic, utilities around the tree, and infrastructure). The randomized sampling scheme was stratified by land-use zones and focused on the six most abundant tree species: Acer platanoides, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharum, Quercus palustris, Quercus phellos, Quercus rubra. Our findings suggest the majority of condemned street trees are of too poor quality to contain timber (58% cull rate); however, trees that contain merchantable logs are likely to be easily removed. A notable discovery that could prove problematic for wood salvage was that the majority of trees (88%) contained superficial metal items embedded in the trunk surface. Furthermore, presence or absence of a merchantable-sized log (p=0.0445) depended on the tree's species, as did the average volume observed (p<0.0001). Additionally, land-use zones had an effect on the removal feasibility scores (p=0.0257) but had no effect on log presence or log volume. Throughout the District, we estimated that 36,500 board feet of merchantable logs are generated from routine removals of our top six species annually. These findings provide empirical data pertaining to urban timber salvage, which might aid decisions on the investment worthiness of utilizing urban street trees.Master of Science
14
Guedes, Francisco Vieira. "Fragmento perpétuo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17180.
Abstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.Atualmente, a cidade de Lisboa encontra-se sujeita a um forte desenvolvimento. Este, por sua vez, demonstra cada vez mais a sua saturação, pelo que é eminente a expansão deste desenvolvimento para a periferia, na procura de novas centralidades. Muito devido à sua relação com o rio, a frente ribeirinha oriental de Lisboa vai decerto ser engolida por esta expansão. O recente passado industrial vivido nesta área esquecida da capital deixou para trás inúmeros espaços expectantes, dos quais a cidade procura agora apropriar-se. O Vale de Chelas / Xabregas, apontado como novo corredor verde oriental confronta-se com esta responsabilidade, devido à sua proximidade com o centro e a sua história. Surge a oportunidade de intervenção, uma proposta urbana de carácter regenerativo que ao mesmo tempo provoca ligações com o resto da cidade. Para garantir esta nova vida do vale é importante intervir sobre elementos, agora obsoletos, fulcrais à regeneração urbana. É perpetuada a memória destes fragmentos, cidade e património.
ABSTRACT: , more and more its saturation, it is eminent its expansion to the periphery in the search for new centralities. Much owing to its relationship with the river, the eastern riverfront of Lisbon is bound to be swallowed up by this expansion. The recent industrial past lived in this forgotten area of the capital left behind numerous expectant spaces, which the city now seeks to take ownership. The valley of Chelas / Xabregas, designated as the new eastern green corridor, is confronted with this responsibility, due to its proximity to the center and its history. The opportunity for intervention emerges, an urban proposal of a regenerative nature that at the same time causes links with the rest of the city. To guarantee this new valley life, it is important to intervene on now obsolete elements that are crucial to the urban regeneration. It is perpetuated the memory of these fragments, city and heritage.
N/A
15
Ribeiro, Cláudio André dos Santos Ribeiro. "Reabilitação urbana e sustentabilidade. Lx factory: um exemplo de reabilitação sustentável na cidade de Lisboa." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitetura de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5817.
16
Shivaram, Ranjitha. "(Managerial) style over substance : determinants of devaluation for female supervisors in an Indian garment factory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107573.
Abstract:
Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2016.Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 65-71).
Despite the rising representation of women in management, female managers continue to be devalued compared to male managers, presenting a challenge for gender inequality in organizations. This study helps address a significant gap in the literature by investigating if the devaluation of female managers can be explained by their lower effectiveness in motivating worker performance. We investigate this question by using a methodological framework that combines unique personnel records, ethnographic and field-experimental data in the context of a large Indian garment factory where female supervisors are devalued and paid 15% less than their male counterparts to manage a female workforce. First, we demonstrate that the devaluation of female supervisors cannot be explained by their lower managerial effectiveness. By exploiting within-worker changes in supervisor gender in the personnel data, we find that female supervisors elicit 5% higher worker performance than male supervisors. Second, we ethnographically and experimentally show that female supervisors outperform their male counterparts by adopting a "non-authoritative managerial style," and further suggest that this style could lead to devaluation by upper management. Combined, these results rule out managerial substance as an explanation for the devaluation of female managers, pointing instead to managerial style as a prime determinant of gender inequality in the workplace.
by Ranjitha Shivaram.
M.C.P.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
17
Severcan, Yucel Can. "Regeneration Problem Of The Maltepe Gas And Electric Factory Landscape Within The Context Of Conserving The Industrial Archaeological Heritage." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606972/index.pdf.
Abstract:
For long, industrial archaeological buildings were perceived as unaesthetic objects abandoned at the core of cities, inhibiting spatial and economic development. Much of the industrial heritage were demolished under the modernization discourses of the governments, and as the effects of urbanization and globalization movements. However, especially after the mid-20th century, the issue of conserving the industrial heritage, which was initiated as a disciplinary movement, caused to a change of the mentality in developed societies, which aimed the demolishment of these buildings. In these societies many developments occurred for conserving the industrial heritage. Today, many nations perceive this heritage as a tool of social, spatial and economic development of cities.
On the other hand, Maltepe Gas and Electric Factory, which was listed in 1991, still cannot be regenerated since this date. The main aim of this thesis is to clarify the problems that lie behind the conservation problem of Maltepe Gas and Electric
Factory landscape, and to propose solutions for the regeneration of the site. The thesis, also aims to put forth the industrial archaeological history of Ankara, to emphasize the significance of this industrial complex. In doing so, after designationg the industrialization history of the city, industrial-spatial evolution of the Maltepe Gas and Electric Factory had been discussed. Then, after clarifying the problems that threaten the regeneration of the landscape, solutions were seeked from the experiences of post-industrial countries. At the end of the thesis, based on the local context, a solution is proposed for the regeneration of the landscape in the framework of conserving the industrial archaeological heritage.
18
Jursa, Adam. "Český Těšín - vzkříšení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215818.
Abstract:
The aim of my diploma project was to find a concept for a future use of the area between Jablunkovská and Frydecká streets in Český Těšín. My urban design evaluates the potential of an area and allows future expanse of the city. In the detail I focused on a revitalization of the old factory building which has no use for about last 20 years.
19
Ehrlich, Kornelia. "Conflicting Urban Regeneration in the Context of a New Political and Economic Order: The Example of the Former Bicycle Factory Rog in Ljubljana, Slovenia." Berghahn Journals, 2012. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74187.
20
Reis, Bruna Marisa Carreira. "Marvila, memória industrial." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10624.
21
Viras, Beatriz Lamy Ferreira Batista. "De património industrial a bairro criativo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19243.
Abstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.A zona oriental de Lisboa é caracterizada por uma paisagem pós-industrial marcada pela desindustrialização e consequente abandono dos edifícios industriais que aqui se encontravam, deixando, até aos dias de hoje, este fragmento da cidade de Lisboa, descaracterizado e expectante, mas com grande potencial para se tornar uma nova centralidade desta cidade. Da leitura da cidade de Lisboa e, principalmente, da sua frente-ribeirinha, foi percetível que o troço entre Santa Apolónia e o Parque das Nações constitui uma oportunidade para uma intervenção urbana e arquitetónica que potencie o seu aproveitamento e melhor integração no crescimento da zona oriental. No quadro desta oportunidade foi escolhido o núcleo industrial de Xabregas, onde se propõe uma intervenção que potencie uma revitalização e nova vivência deste lugar, paralelamente com a reabilitação do património industrial da Fábrica da Samaritana. O complexo criativo proposto contempla espaços de cultura, trabalho e lazer, distribuídos entre a antiga fábrica e um novo conjunto edificado que, em conjunto com o espaço público desenhado, proporcionam espaços de encontro entre população residente, visitantes e trabalhadores, ao mesmo tempo que se mantém a memória industrial deste lugar. O objetivo é recriar e construir um novo futuro para este local tão vincadamente marcado pelo seu passado.
ABSTRACT: Lisbon’s oriental area is characterized by a post-industrial landscape, stained by the deindustrialization and consequent neglect of the industrial buildings that here existed, leaving, until today, this fragment of the city of Lisbon, decharacterized and awaiting intervention, but with a great potential to become a new centrality of the city. From the analysis about the city of Lisbon and, mainly, of its riverfront, it was clear that the riverfront between Santa Apolónia and Parque das Nações constitutes an opportunity for an urban and architectonic intervention that enhances its use and better integration for the growth of the oriental area. In light of this opportunity the industrial core of Xabregas was chosen, where it is proposed an intervention that enhances the regeneration and new experience of this place, alongside with the rehabilitation of the industrial heritage of Fábrica da Samaritana. The creative complex that is proposed contemplates cultural, work and leisure areas distributed amongst the old factory building and the new construction which, together with the urban design, provide meeting areas for the residents, the visitors and the workers, keeping at the same time the industrial memory of this place. The aim is to recreate and build a new future for this place so strongly marked by its past.
N/A
22
Guimarães, Angélica Maria Santos. "A saúde na prestação dos serviços de limpeza urbana e gestão de resíduos sólidos diante dos elementos do direito à cidade: análise da efetividade nos municípios do Salvador, São Paulo e Bogotá, na Colômbia." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20754.
Abstract:
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Angélica Maria Santos Guimarães.pdf: 3474225 bytes, checksum: bbcaf721966eba161a65bc3ba0204fb7 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-21T11:26:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angélica Maria Santos Guimarães.pdf: 3474225 bytes, checksum: bbcaf721966eba161a65bc3ba0204fb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-15
The core of the present study is urban clean-up and solid waste management in large Brazilian cities of Salvador and Bogotá in Colombia as a constituent element of the right to the city. Initially, the analysis differentiates the Urban Law from the Right to the City. In the sequence, it focuses on the urban cleaning in the context of the Social State and its effectiveness, analyzing the normative treatment of the topic in the context of the Brazilian legal system, including individual and concrete standards produced by the Courts of Auditors in implementing indirect execution of these services. The main objective is to defend the need of redefine of the concepts of effectiveness of such services through the adoption of a control based on principles, requirements, assumptions, indicators of public health, quality of life and environmental sustainability, emphasizing the elements and functions of the city, prescribed in the Federal Constitution, the National Solid Waste Policy and the City Statute. It is evaluated the role of the Welfare State in urban cleaning and solid waste management, understood as socio-environmental goods of economic value, capable of transforming cities into "healthy living spaces", accomplishing of social rights, of happiness and of sustainable economic development. It defends also Urban clean-up and solid waste management are therefore advocated as a constitutive element of the Right to the City and, at the same time, guarantee instrument of leisure, education, housing, movement, employment and income in a sustainable urban environment. Urban cleaning and solid waste management must be able to assure the inhabitants of the town, physical and mental health, as well as quality of life in all its aspects
O cerne do presente estudo é a limpeza urbana e a gestão de resíduos sólidos nas cidades brasileiras de grande porte, a exemplo de Salvador e Bogotá, na Colômbia, como elemento constitutivo do Direito à Cidade. Inicialmente, a análise diferencia o Direito Urbanístico do Direito à Cidade. Em sequência, enfoca a limpeza urbana no contexto do Estado Social e sua efetivação, analisando o tratamento normativo do tema no âmbito do sistema jurídico brasileiro, inclusive de normas individuais e concretas produzidas pelos Tribunais de Contas em sede de controle da execução indireta destes serviços. O objetivo central é defender a necessidade de ressignificação da eficácia dos referidos serviços por meio do controle de efetividade a partir de princípios, requisitos, pressupostos, indicadores de saúde pública, de qualidade de vida e de sustentabilidade ambiental, enfatizando os elementos e funções da cidade, prescritas na Constituição Federal, na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos e no Estatuto da Cidade. É avaliado o papel do Estado Social na limpeza urbana e na gestão dos resíduos sólidos, compreendidos como bens sócio-ambientais de valor econômico, capazes de transformar as cidades em “espaços de vida saudável”, de concretização dos direitos sociais, da felicidade e de desenvolvimento econômico sustentável. Defende-se, então, a limpeza urbana e a gestão dos resíduos sólidos como elemento constitutivo do Direito à Cidade e ao mesmo tempo instrumento garantidor do lazer, da educação, da habitação, da circulação, do emprego e da renda, em um meio ambiente urbano sustentável. A limpeza urbana e a gestão dos resíduos sólidos devem ser capaz de assegurar aos habitantes da cidade saúde física e mental, bem como qualidade de vida em todas as suas vertentes
23
Sacca, Gonzales Juan Moisés. "Mercado taller de antigüedades y productos reusables." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626130.
Abstract:
La basura y los desechos son problemas presentes desde un inicio en las ciudades y proponen verdaderos problemas urbanos, sanitarios y sociales para estas. La ciudad de Lima entre sus diversas dinámicas económicas urbanas posee lugares donde el reusó de basura se constituye como una actividad económica central. Uno de estos es el barrio de Manzanilla, donde si bien tradicionalmente se promueve una actividad beneficiosa para la ciudad como lo es la economía circular (específicamente el reusó), esta de desarrolla en desorden tugurización e inseguridad.
El proyecto se inserta como parte del actual plan de regeneración urbana que la municipalidad de Lima prevé para esta zona de la ciudad y así servir como equipamiento urbano especializado en la venta de productos reusables.
Al mismo tiempo, el proyecto usa el mismo concepto del reúso, el reúso de estructura industriales antiguas presentes en el terreno y les da una nueva función como estructuras virtuales, referenciales y museográficas.Garbage and waste are problems present from the beginning in the cities and propose real urban, health and social problems for them. Lima among its diverse urban economic dynamics has neighborhoods where reuse is constituted as a central economic activity. One of these is the neighborhood of Manzanilla, where although traditionally promotes a beneficial activity for the city as it is the reused it develops in disorder, slum and insecurity. The project is inserted as part of the urban regeneration plan that the Municipality of Lima envisages for this area of the city and thus serve as urban equipment specialized in the sale of reusable products. At the same time the project uses the same concept of reuse, the reuse of old structures present in the field and gives them a new function as virtual, referential and museographic structures.
Tesis
24
Šturm, Vladimír. "Polyfunkční blok na území bývalé textilní továrny Vlněna v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216004.
Abstract:
The project deals with the analysis of the current state of the former textile factory Vlnena and its surroundings, urban design study and detailed design of multifunctional block of houses in this area. Urban study responds to the actual intentions of Brno and creates a clear urban structure that respects the existing landmarks in the area. Designed urban block combines preserved factory buildings new constructions, which complements the urban structure. Two former administration buildings taken over housing and hotel functions. Hall of repairs is adjusted for cultural use in connection with the courtyard. The former building of needlework with new completion creates creative center with ateliers, presentation rooms and exhibition space in the ground floor. The block is closed by new buildings of relaxation center with wellness and sports activities and residential building. New buildings are linked to the underground car park.
25
Albuquerque, Ana Carolina Dunões de. "Na origem de uma memória fabril." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18100.
Abstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.Ao analisar a zona oriental de Lisboa, é perceptível o papel que os edifícios com carácter industrial tiveram neste local e o estado em que se encontra este fragmento da cidade de Lisboa devido à desindustrialização dos mesmos, numa localização privilegiada junto ao rio Tejo, onde se encontram inúmeros espaços abandonados com grande potencial. Devido à saturação em que se encontra actualmente Lisboa no seu centro histórico, o interesse pela expansão da cidade para a periferia tem-se desenvolvido numa busca de novas centralidades. Surge a oportunidade de intervenção e recuperação da memória do núcleo industrial de Xabregas, onde se propõe um novo desenho a nível urbano e programático que dê resposta a uma revitalização potenciadora do lugar, e do edificado industrial, neste caso da antiga Fábrica Samaritana. As opções projectuais tiveram por base dar um novo uso a este complexo fabril através de espaços sócio-culturais, valorizando os conceitos de património industrial e a sua salvaguarda, e ao mesmo tempo colmatar as falhas e incoerências existentes na área envolvente da fábrica em termos urbanos potenciem a atractividade local. Assim, pretende-se perpetuar a memória deste local que passa por encontrar um futuro para este actual “cemitério de fábricas” que o tempo não apagou.
ABSTRACT: perceptive the role of the industrial character buildings had in this place and the condition that we can find this area of the city, as a result, of the deindustrialization of the existing constructions, located in a privileged area next to the Tejo River where countless abandoned spaces full of potential are still to be found. Due to the saturation of the current situation of the historical center of Lisbon, the interest in expanding the city limits has been growing in seeking new centralities. The opportunity for intervention and rehabilitation of the memory of the industrial core of Xabregas arises, where it proposes a new perspective of the urban space that answers for both the potential revitalization of the site and the industrial buildings in this specific case of the Fábrica Samaritana. The project decisions were born from the necessity of giving a new use to the manufacturing complex by creating socio-cultural spaces, promoting and preserving the industrial heritage while trying to remedy the existing deficiencies and inconsistencies of the factory's surrounding area to increase the local activity. Thereby, this proposal is seeking to perpetuate the memory of the site by finding a future for this actual "factories graveyard" that the time has not been able to erase.
N/A
26
Pinto, Silvio Luiz Cardoso 1963. "A questão das estâncias climáticas no Estado de São Paulo : Morungaba como estudo de caso." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258081.
Abstract:
Orientador: Lauro Luiz Francisco FilhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: Este trabalho aborda a formação das primeiras Estâncias no Estado de São Paulo, e os fatores que inicialmente determinaram a escolha de um município como Estância. As condições sociais que precederam a necessidade, por parte do Governo do Estado, de eleger determinados municípios, a fim de torná-los Estâncias Sanitárias (primeira forma de distinção). Serão abordados aspectos históricos, sociais, condições sanitárias bem como fatores econômicos, e como estes vetores influenciaram o desenvolvimento do conceito "Estância". A evolução dos critérios e formas de classificação. O cenário climático presente no Estado de São Paulo, e sua condição de transição dentro do panorama nacional será discutido, buscando entender como sua relevância e distinção pode ser questionada, enquanto fator determinante na classificação do município. Outros fatores que relacionam o desenvolvimento da indústria do turismo com o desenvolvimento municipal serão analisados de forma criteriosa. O Plano Diretor proposto por Ruy Ohtake a administração pública morungabense será apresentado e discutido dentro do contexto da evolução urbana do município, que ainda hoje, enfrenta dificuldades para se definir entre industrial e turístico
Abstract: This paper addresses the formation of the first resorts in the state of São Paulo, and the factors that initially led to the choice of a municipality as Estancia. The social conditions that preceded the need for the State Government, to elect certain municipalities in order to make them Resorts Sanitary (first form of distinction). Historic social aspects, health conditions and economic factors, and how these vectors influenced the development of the concept "Stanza" will be addressed. The development of criteria and forms of classification. The present climate scenario in the State of São Paulo, and its transition condition within the national scene will be discussed, seeking to understand how its relevance and distinction may be questioned, as the determining factor in the rating of the municipality. Other factors relate to the development of the tourism industry to municipal development will be carefully analyzed. The Master Plan proposed by Ruy Ohtake morungabense the public administration will be analyzed and discussed within the context of urban evolution of the city, which still faces difficulties in defining between industrial and tourism
Mestrado
Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade
Mestre em Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade
27
Ijassi, Walid. "Usines urbaines - caractérisation et circularité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALI014.
Abstract:
La demande de biens manufacturés ne cesse de croitre en zones urbaines, en particulier en raison de l'évolution rapide et continue de la population urbaine. Mais aujourd’hui, la plupart des usines se situent hors des zones urbaines, voire hors de nos frontières, entrainant des problématiques de transport et limitant la circularité des biens. Dans ce contexte, le concept d'usines urbaines a été introduit en 2016. Il propose un modèle d'usine située à l'intérieur des zones urbaines qui exploite les ressources et les parties prenantes locales pour créer de la valeur de manière soutenable.Cette thèse vise à proposer une méthode pour améliorer la soutenabilité des usines urbaines.Pour cela, nous avons tout d’abord proposé une méthode de caractérisation des usines urbaine au travers d’une revue systématique de la littérature et d’études de cas, que nous avons confronté à un modèle de chaîne de valeur. Des variables clés ont été identifiées et utilisées pour caractériser les modèles d’usines urbaines soutenables. La méthode de caractérisation a été testée dans la zone urbaine de Grenoble en considérant 46 usines urbaines. Une analyse en composantes principales des variables a ainsi permis de dégager 16 profils d’usines urbaines à Grenoble.Nous avons ensuite proposé une base de données de bonnes pratiques, afin d’amener à des solutions d’usines urbaines qui pourront mieux valoriser les déchets urbains au travers de stratégies circulaires. Nous avons ainsi proposé une méthode de conception pour la circularité basée sur les principes de la conception systémique, et couvrant diverses stratégies circulaires. Des ateliers ont été mis en place pour tester la méthode de conception. Un cas d’étude sur une usine urbaine à Grenoble a été présentée dans cette thèse pour illustrer la contribution de la méthode à améliorer sa soutenabilité.Afin de valoriser cette démarche et de diffuser le concept d’usine urbaine soutenable, nous avons mis en place un jeu de rôle que nous avons testé avec des élèves ingénieursThe demand for manufactured goods continues to grow in urban areas, particularly due to the rapid and continuous evolution of the urban population. However, today, most factories are located outside urban areas, and sometimes even beyond national borders, leading to transportation issues and limiting the circularity of goods. In this context, the concept of urban factories was introduced in 2016. It proposes a model of factories located inside urban areas that leverage local resources and stakeholders to create value in a sustainable way.This thesis aims to propose a method to improve the sustainability of urban factories.To achieve this, we first proposed a characterization method for urban factories through a systematic literature review and case studies, which we confronted with a value chain model. Key variables were identified and used to characterize sustainable urban factory models. The characterization method was tested in the urban area of Grenoble, with the participation of 46 urban factories. Principal component analysis of the variables revealed 16 profiles of urban factories in Grenoble.We then proposed a database of best practices to lead to solutions for urban factories that can better valorize urban waste through circular strategies. We introduced a circularity design method based on the principles of systemic design, that covers various circular strategies. Workshops were conducted to test the design method. A case study on an urban factory in Grenoble was presented in this thesis to illustrate the contribution of the method to improving its sustainability.To promote this approach and disseminate the concept of sustainable urban factories, we implemented a roleplay approach that was tested with engineering students
28
Dias, Carla Patrícia da Silva. "As condições de conforto no espaço público : os casos da Baixa de Lisboa." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7922.
29
Dacanal, Cristiane. "Fragmentos florestais urbanos e interações climáticas em diferentes escalas = estudos em Campinas, SP." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257758.
Abstract:
Orientador: Lucila Chebel LabakiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: O processo de urbanização é causador de grandes impactos ambientais, dentre eles a extinção da vegetação nativa. Pouco se sabe sobre o efeito de fragmentos florestais no clima local urbano, apesar de haver um consenso em relação aos benefícios da vegetação na modificação do microclima e na melhoria dos níveis de conforto térmico humano. Este estudo tem como objetivos caracterizar o microclima de fragmentos florestais, remanescentes da Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, na cidade de Campinas-SP; quantificar a magnitude e a extensão do efeito de fragmentos florestais urbanos no clima do entorno edificado; e encontrar um percentual mínimo de área de fragmento florestal em relação à área total urbanizada que seja suficiente para modificar o clima local urbano. Para tanto, foram realizados monitoramentos fixos e móveis de variáveis climáticas na microescala e na escala local urbana. Os fragmentos florestais foram caracterizados por meio da abertura do dossel florestal, da área e com base em inventários. A paisagem urbana foi descrita a partir da classificação do uso do solo, sendo possível distinguir as zonas climáticas urbanas e o padrão da fronteira. Os resultados mostram que a estabilidade térmica aumenta com a área dos fragmentos florestais. Ocorrem diferenças térmicas e de umidade do ar no perfil vertical e horizontal das florestas, que são influenciadas pelo ambiente construído. Por outro lado, foi possível constatar que o efeito das florestas sobre a o clima local urbano aumenta com o percentual de área de floresta sobre o total urbanizado (A.V. / A.U.). Sugere-se uma porcentagem mínima de 20% de A.V. / A.U. No tecido urbano, recomenda-se a distribuição homogênea de fragmentos florestais, com formato regular, em uma distância de aproximadamente o dobro da largura média dos fragmentos
Abstract: The urbanization process causes major environmental impacts, among them the native vegetation extinction. Little is known about the effects of forest fragments in an urban environment, although there is a consensus regarding the benefits of vegetation in modifying the microclimate and improving the human thermal comfort. This study aims to characterize the microclimate of the forest fragments, remnants of Semideciduous Seasonal Forest, in the city of Campinas; to quantify the magnitude and extent of the effect of urban forest fragments in the climate of the surrounding buildings; and to find a minimum percentage of forest fragmentation area in relation to the total urbanized area which is sufficient to modify the local urban climate. Thus, observations of climate variables in both micro and local scales were made. The forest fragments were characterized by measurements of forest canopy openness, area and inventories. The urban landscape was described based on land use classification, being possible to distinguish the climatic urban zones and the frontier pattern. The results show that thermal stability increases with the area of forest fragments. There were differences of thermal and air humidity in the vertical and horizontal profile of forests, which are influenced by the built environment. On the other hand, it was possible to conclude that the effect of forests on the local urban climate increases along with the percentage of forest area over the total urbanized area (A.V. / A.U.). It was suggested a minimum percentage of 20% of A.V./A.U. It was recommended a homogenous distribution of forest fragments through the city, in a distance about a double of the medium fragments width
Doutorado
Arquitetura e Construção
Doutor em Engenharia Civil
30
Davey, Calayde Aenis. "Proximity vertical agriculture at the Pretoria West Power Station." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30285.
Abstract:
The thesis addresses the proximity of contemporary global human issues to local human issues and presents an architectural solution. By identifying, exploring and drawing closer the proximities between these global and local issues, new solutions can be developed for local application. There are new fields created for architecture when we understand and connect the proximity of objects of both cultural and biophysical creation, and when we understand and build on our ever-narrowing proximities between what has been and what is to come. The narrowing global conditions have direct implications on us as individual human beings and our individual local societies. These proximities have been explored, developed, and resolved for local application. The resulting research field for urban agriculture ultimately guided an appropriate architectural response within the city of Pretoria, South Africa.Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Architecture
unrestricted
31
Antser, Charlie, and Kimmy Lundvall. "The Quest for the Hydroponic Pepper : Applying Design Research Methodology to Develop Support Tools for Successfully Designing a Post-harvest System for a Plant Factory." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-56013.
Abstract:
The world is facing a food shortage as the world’s population increases and arable land decreases. Despite this, the food industry is wasteful, and 30% - 40% of all produced food is lost before reaching the end consumer. Emerging technologies aim to increase the amount of food that can be grown per m2 or allow the growing of food in climates or on lands previously impossible. Four main farming techniques utilising these emerging technologies are Controlled Environment Agriculture, Hydroponic Farming, Urban Farming and Vertical farming. When used together, these techniques form the basis for what can be called a Plant Factory. Despite the positive effects these technologies have on the production rate, few Plant Factories have managed to achieve profitability. By creating support for developing the post-harvesting system for a plant factory, this thesis aims to aid in the development of profitable plant factories. The thesis uses Design Research Methodology to achieve this aim in three parts. The first part identifies the underlying factors of the post-harvesting system affecting plant factory profitability. The second presents a set of support components that will aid the developers to improve key factors affecting profitability. The third part is a case study where the support components applicability at targeting the key factors are evaluated, and suggestions for further improvements and testing of the support is suggested. Further, using Design Research Methodology, the methods used to develop support in this thesis are presented to easily be replicated by other researchers to aid them in developing support for other industries and circumstances. The suitability of the developed support was tested using the principles of an initial DS-II. The developed support proved very useful for the investigated case, and with its conditions, the application evaluation was considered a partial success. Two key factors were successfully improved and indicated that the intended support is ready for a comprehensive DS-II. A third support component needs more work to provide the intended support fully. Therefore a second PS iteration is recommended before a comprehensive DS-II is done to increase its value.
32
Gladiš, Filip. "Návrh udržitelné městské struktury 21.století v rámci České republiky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414257.
Abstract:
The project focuses on the design of a sustainable urban structure in the southeastern part of an area called Červený kopec, in the land of former brick factory. This urban-planning study endeavors to create a suitable structure for the brick factory brownfield. There are relevant factors which influence the proposal, such as complicated terrain due to the mining history, inconsistency of the surrounding urban structure, improper traffic accessibility, and orientation towards the city centre. The concept is based on the legacy of the area. It builds on the slopes and steep hills and preserves two building of the old factory, which aims to become the centre of the whole area. It is also important to mention the nearby National Landscape Heritage Červený Kopec, which would be connected via a forest-park to the recreational area of Mahenova stráň. The outline of this park creates a soft partition between the city and the park. The whole area is accessible by traffic from three access points, one of which is a newly constructed crossroad with traffic lights connected to the street Jihlavská. This proposal emphasizes the effectivity of the land use, traffic hierarchy, human scale, and the importance of pedestrian movement. The area is characterized by central design, with the ethos of the brick factory. It creates a cultural centre for the whole district and sets the way for new development or restructuralization towards a sustainable future for the city of Brno.
33
Ferreita, Pitrez Francisco Lopes Marques. "Entre a metrópole e o infinito, fica um lugar de sangue africano." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12664.
34
Lamy, Caroline. "Des centres de magasins d’usine aux villages de marques : nouvelles traductions du concept, nouvelles localisations, nouveaux enjeux territoriaux." Thesis, Brest, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BRES0055.
Abstract:
Des magasins d’usine accolés aux sites de fabrication apparus au début du XXe siècle jusqu’aux « villages » de marques actuels, le concept commercial a suivi différentes formes et l’évolution de leurs localisations rend compte d’un détachement des sites industriels au profit d’une logique territoriale « hors sol ». Ces facteurs mettent en lumière le passage d’un concept à l’origine industriel, devenu un produit commercialo-touristique. La naissance du concept puis sa « mise en tourisme » trouvent toutes deux leurs origines aux Etats-Unis. Leurs importations en Europe n’ont pas reproduit à l’identique la formule américaine mais ont suivi des modèles s’en inspirant de plus en plus fortement, notamment par le biais de la montée en puissance des opérateurs anglo-saxons qui figurent parmi les leaders incontestés du marché européen. L’annonce de projets de villages de marques suscite quasi-systématiquement de vives tensions entre leurs opposants et leurs défenseurs, révélant que les enjeux territoriaux liés à ces équipements sont nombreux. La multiplication des projets est notamment favorisée par une demande croissante des élus dans un contexte de mise en compétition des territoires. Cette situation, qui constitue une réelle opportunité pour les opérateurs, aboutit depuis peu à la création de partenariats public-privé destinés à tirer profit de la présence des centres de marques en favorisant les synergies avec leur territoire d’implantation, notamment en couplant le tourisme commercial avec d’autres types de tourisme. Cette thèse vise à mettre en lumière le développement et l’évolution du concept commercial en Europe ainsi que leurs implications en matière de nouveaux enjeux territoriauxFrom Factory Outlet shops located on manufacturing sites which appeared at the beginning of the 20th century to the current outlet “villages” today, this distinct retail concept has followed various forms in its evolution. There has been a detachment from locations on industrial sites for a strategic improvement creating, a new territorial logic which is targeted on an agglomeration of brands in modern purpose built buildings with good access and facilities. These factors show the evolution of a concept originally adjacent to a manufacturing base, it has become a distinct retail and tourist product. The birth of the retail concept and its “touristification” finds its origins in the United States. The import of which into Europe drew reference from the American formula but followed new models inspired by Anglo-Saxon developers who created a different style and they now appear among the uncontested leaders of the European market. However, the announcement of new outlet projects, even after 20 years still arouse quasi-systematically deep tensions between the opponents and the defenders of the concept, revealing that the territorial stakes of these centres are multiple. The increase of the number of projects is favoured in particular by an increasing demand of the elected representatives in a context of competition between territories. The current situation constitutes a real opportunity for developers, and it has recently involved the creation of public-private partnerships. Their intended goal is to benefit from the setting-up of outlet centres by favouring the positive elements within their territory, in particular by coupling retail tourism with other forms of leisure tourism. This research aims to study the development and the evolution of the outlet concept in Europe as well as their implications regarding new territorial stakes
35
Holý, Martin. "Ponava – potenciál rozvoje území." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215851.
Abstract:
Problem - Ponava is an area with relatively large areas of brownfield sites. Ponava should be territory with clearly defined texture blocks, mixed functions , high proportion of total housing and urban character. The area solved in this work was selected as most suitable for the creation of the initiation core, ie core starting as development of the whole territory. Uncertainty about the future, including needs to be in 5, 10, 20 years doing the classic urban planning dysfunctional method of working with the territory. Solution - My urban concept seeks to provide sufficient flexibility in terms of use of buildings and open spaces. It is particularly advantageous because it can hold more small investors, who can work independently. Each part of the territory may work alone, just under the current situation and needs of society. The concept is simple division of the area in a regular rectangular network by the same part of the individual and their subsequent filling. Placing buildings is chessboard, thus ensuring their adequate sun and at the same time easy permeability of territory in all directions. The spaces between buildings have in the outer parts character of living square with a strong influence of the adjacent street. Inside these areas is the interspace quiet and mainly serves the local population.
36
Correia, Tiago Duarte de Carvalho Brojo. "Strategic analysis on urban mobility." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9797.
Abstract:
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsAfrican urban cities are growing very rapidly. By 2050, 1.2 billion people, or 60 percent of all Africans, will live in urban areas.1 We are witnessing an unprecedented pace of urbanization in Africa and we have seen similar movements in other continents before. This report presents a strategic and broad analysis on the problem of urban mobility in Luanda, capital of Angola. An integrated urban planning solution will be presented as one of the best alternatives in order to solve the problem. Throughout the analysis, the political importance will always be taken into consideration as a key success factor for the successful implementation of an integrated urban plan.
37
Shettler, Lauren C. "Risk and Protective Factors for Adolescent Smoking in Rural versus Urban Environments." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35134.
Abstract:
Although considerable literature can be found concerning the etiology of cigarette smoking, research suggests that a major gap exists pertaining to predictors of adolescent smoking for rural populations. The purpose of this study is to compare risk and protective factors for adolescents living in rural and urban environments. An ecological framework was used to examine variables from the individual, family, peer, school, and community contexts. The influence of these variables was assessed on a sample of (n=3,166) 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students from Virginia public schools. Linear regression analyses revealed that parental attitudes and best friends' smoking behavior was influential in the smoking behavior of both rural and urban adolescents. School and community level variables were only influential in smoking behavior among the urban adolescents.Master of Science
38
Rivera, Huamanga Álvaro. "Espacios vacantes en el pericentro del Gran Santiago: análisis tipológico y factores que condicionan sus procesos de regeneración desde la perspectiva de los actores involucrados." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/140444.
Abstract:
Tesis para optar al título de Magíster en UrbanismoEl carácter funcional del tejido urbano en el pericentro del Gran Santiago está determinado por las dinámicas de flujo de actividades sociales, transacción de bienes y prestación servicios que se desarrollen en el territorio. En este sentido, las áreas destinadas a vivienda, equipamiento, industria, comercio, infraestructura y áreas de esparcimiento poseen una funcionalidad clara e identificable al constituirse como lugares de soporte en el cual las personas despliegan el ejercicio de la civilidad conforme a sus necesidades e intereses. Sin embargo, existen espacios que se presentan como un contrapunto a la actividad humana en cuya expresión física subyace la negación a dichas dinámicas, sitios donde la inercia es la principal constante. Estos lugares, denominados espacios vacantes, se caracterizan por ser áreas sobrantes, inutilizadas, física o socialmente inaccesibles debido a su manifiesto deterioro y aparente invisibilidad. Ante tal panorama, la presente investigación sostiene que dichos espacios poseen un potencial de regeneración que les permite albergar una funcionalidad o actividad aún no desarrollada, para lo cual es preciso llevar a cabo un proceso de intervención urbana que considere sus particularidades. Al mismo tiempo, se afirma que para ejecutar un proyecto que impulse su utilización, resulta crucial la identificación de los roles, redes, recursos y mecanismos de participación con los que cuentan los actores involucrados a fin de articular los procesos de manera correcta. El estudio está estructurado desde una óptica principalmente descriptiva, en donde, por medio de la observación y el registro fotográfico a nueve espacios pericentrales del Gran Santiago, se propone una clasificación tipológica de los espacios vacantes: cerrados, abiertos e infraestructurales. En tanto, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a cuatro actores clave representantes del sector público, privado y de la sociedad civil organizada a fin de comprender las complejidades del proceso.
39
Iyda, Massako. "Saúde pública: reprodução ou legitimação?" Universidade de São Paulo, 1989. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-08092017-085038/.
Abstract:
Este trabalho procura analisar a Saúde Pública como uma prática social, de relação de classes sociais, numa formação capitalista tardia e dependente. Parte-se do pressuposto que o caráter de dependência dá especificidades próprias ao desenvolvimento capitalista no Brasil e à institucionalização da Saúde Pública. Objetiva-se, especificamente, analisar a Saúde Pública como parte integrante na constituição de um Estado burguês. A análise engloba o período de 1889 a 1978, compreendendo quatro fases, correspondentes a rupturas políticas de regimes governamentais e está centralizada no Estado de São Paulo. Os dados analisados demonstram que, sob o domínio português e, ainda por um longo período, as atividades de saúde ficaram sob a responsabilidade de associações privadas, filantrópicas e/ou religiosas. Ao intensificar o processo de desenvolvimento capitalista e sob o impacto do imperialismo, a Saúde Pública ganha expressão e adquire uma área especifica de atuação estatal, criando estruturas técnico-burocráticas. Por meio destas, divulgam-se idéias, estabelecem-se regras e normas legais, destinam-se recursos financeiros e, também, viabilizam os diferentes interesses de classes e frações de classes, localizados dentro e fora do aparelho estatal. Os dados, ainda, demonstram que esse substrato material possibilita a sedimentação da Saúde Pública como uma atividade estatal e dá-lhe a legitimidade para impôr-se, mesmo coercitivamente, frente à sociedade.The present investigation made an attempt to analyse Public Health as a social praxis, i.e., as a relationship of social classes inside a dependent capitalist framework. It was assumed that the external dependency of Brazilian society provides particularity to the development of capitalism and to the institutionalization of Public Heplth in Brazil. The main objective of the study was to analyse Public Health as part of the state, i.e. as one of the means to establish an imposed political order and legi timate power. Four phases were analysed between 1889 to 1978 corresponding to political ruptures of the government and was focused on the state of São Paulo. The data showed that although Brazil became independent from Portugal in 1822, Portuguese influence remained strong for a long period of time. At that phase, health activities as other social activities were private issues, being carried out by philantropic or religious associations. Upon the development of capitalism and under the impact of imperialism, Public Health increased its role and acquired its own area of state activity. Based on a bureaucratic form of organization, ideology was divulged, rules and heaith legislation were established, financial resources were allocated and different class or group interests, located inside or outside the state apparatus, were assured to coexist. Through that formal organization the relationship between health bureaucracy and clientele politics was guaranteed. Therefore, public resources were drained on behalf of private interest. It was demonstrated that alongside with it development, Public Health has consolidated itself as a state activity and has its action legitimated even when coercive measures are needed.
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Thielen, Sharon Leanne. "Factors influencing urban students to major in agriculture." Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15044.
Abstract:
Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Curriculum and Instruction
Steven Harbstriet
Colleges of agriculture across the country are challenged to produce more graduates in order to meet the increase in employment opportunities in the areas of agriculture, food, and renewable natural resources. To attract students from areas with the most growth, urban communities, this study identified factors such as exposures to agriculture, college factors, and career aspirations that influenced urban students to major in agriculture and enroll in the College of Agriculture at Kansas State University (KSU). The accessible sample consisted of 125 students currently majoring in the College of Agriculture (agriculture students) and 18 students no longer majoring in the College of Agriculture (non-agriculture students) who completed the online questionnaire. Students from both groups were predominately female, non-minority students from the state of Kansas who entered KSU as incoming freshmen. The majors most represented were animal sciences and industry, pre-veterinary medicine, and food science and industry. The mean ACT score for agriculture students was 26.23 and 24.81 for non-agriculture students. For both groups of students, having a relative who worked in a field related to agriculture (grandparents, parent/guardian, aunt and uncle) was influential when they chose their academic major. A higher percentage of agriculture students had a relative who worked in a field related to agriculture or in production agriculture, compared to non-agriculture students. Career opportunities for graduates, hands-on-learning opportunities, friendly atmosphere in the College of Agriculture, visit to campus, quality and reputation of college faculty, availability of academic programs, and affordability of KSU were college factors most influential among the sample of students. Least influential factors were interaction with alumni, agriculture related camps and competitive events on campus, and ability to take online courses. Agriculture students were more influenced by career aspirations specific to career interests, such as working with people and animals, being able to use their creativity, or work with their hands. Non-agriculture students were influenced by broader career aspirations, such as having a job they enjoyed or being able to advance in their career.
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Fillion, Lila. "Governing Urban Agriculture: : Internal, External and Contextual Factors." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292290.
Abstract:
ElectriCITY, a citizenship-driven economic association aims at making Hammarby Sjöstad the most climate-friendly district in Sweden. Their next step is to integrate urban agriculture into the neighborhood. Urban agriculture is, by definition, growing or producing food in a city. It allows, among other things, to increase access to locally grown food for the population nearby and to educate city dwellers on many aspects of agriculture. This project’s goal is to offer a large overview of urban agriculture and its different governance characteristics. In addition to the literature review and to have a better understanding of the relevant stakes of this field, the project was based on six different case studies that introduce various types of urban agriculture governance: SweGreen (Stockholm), Odlande Stadsbasarer (Stockholm), Nature Urbaine (Paris), the WandelGarten (Freiburg), the Tillsammansodling group of Viva (Gothenburg) and Greenhouse (Malmö). The study was built on desk studies, interviews, and two participant observations. It had a focus on the different governance characteristics of the urban agriculture approaches (internal, external, and contextual) based on a distinction between market-oriented projects and non-market-oriented ones. The findings showed similarities between the case studies on different points such as their approaches to sustainability or the need to have external partners and political support. They showed as well the importance to take into account the external and contextual factors for projects to be well-integrated into the urban system.
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Ghosh, Eva Shah. "Factors influencing the urban real estate market in India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11274.
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Lacinová, Andrea. "Landscape related factors affecting urban sprawl in European cities." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13859.
Abstract:
Mestrado em Arquitetura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - ULThis thesis aims to discuss some issues related to the actual situation of suburban sprawl in Europe and focuses on the nature and landscapes. Urbanization is a main topic in EU, since cities are still growing, economy is stabilized, although it faced some challenges during the last decade and the larger part of Europe experiences a long period of time with no war or health epidemic. People have the resources to invest in new housing and in many cases they want to fulfill their dream of a house with garden. But this vision requires a lot of space usage so cities are sometimes spontaneously expanding beyond their borders and sometimes it does not even correspond to state urban policies. Urban sprawl is also a serious issue for European nature that does not have as many space alternatives as for example the USA. There are issues with coastal habitats, landscape fragmentation and loss of natural habitats. Thus, this thesis aims to find the main drivers behind urban sprawl and issues related to them. It analyzes its political, economic or social background and deducts solutions for urban sprawl repair with the help of successful projects or experience of states/cities, that suffered from urban sprawl but managed to find a way how to keep the urban development in balance. In this thesis it is a case of Norway. In practical part of this thesis, two case studies were chosen to represent characteristic problems of urban sprawl. They are from Portugal (regional level) and Czech Republic (community level). Those two cases are analyzed independently on each other and variations of solutions are found for them
N/A
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Sarricolea, Espinoza Pablo. "La isla de calor urbana de superficie y sus factores condicionantes: El caso del área metropolitana de Santiago." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/86936.
Abstract:
Se ha sintetizado la información de las temperaturas de emisión superficial obtenidas mediante 53 imágenes del satélite Terra MODIS, aplicando para ello promedios anuales y estacionales de las temperaturas estandarizadas, y reducción de las imágenes a factores complejos de los patrones espaciales usando Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP); finalmente, se han realizado mapas de diferencias térmicas para conocer la intensidad de la isla de calor urbana de superficie (ICUs) estacional y anual. Los resultados muestran que la isla de calor tiende a localizar el máximo térmico en las comunas de Santiago, Providencia, Las Condes, Ñuñoa y Vitacura, conformando un núcleo cálido asociado a la mayor densidad construida; además, las comunas de Huechuraba y Quilicura conforman otro núcleo cálido, el que está asociado a viviendas de alto nivel de ingresos en el primer caso e industrias en el caso de Quilicura. El ACP revela cuatro patrones típicos, que explican el 90,6% de las situaciones, a saber: ICUs consolidada (44,5%), ICUs del piedmont y cuña de altos ingresos (22,3%), un tipo sin isla de calor urbana (20,2%) e ICUs más intensa al sur (3,6%). Finalmente, la intensidad de la isla de calor urbana de superficie es de mayor magnitud durante el otoño (7,4ºC), seguida de verano (5,9ºC), primavera (5,4ºC) e invierno (5,0ºC); incluso en verano y otoño supera los 7ºC en la zona oriente de la ciudad. De las situaciones sin isla de calor, se ha sugerido la hipótesis de efecto sumidero de calor o «urban heat sink», asociado a fuerte brisa de la Cordillera de Los Andes, que barre la ICUs y la desplaza al poniente de la ciudad, lo que en días de contaminación por material particulado (PM10) tendría efectos nocivos sobre la salud de la población de esa parte de la ciudad.
Además, se modela la isla de calor urbana de superficie (ICUs) en función de una serie de variables geográficas y urbanas, con el propósito de plantear alternativas para la mitigación de los efectos negativos que las ICUs provocan a los habitantes de la ciudad de Santiago. Además, se entregan algunas directrices para una planificación territorial más sostenible. En total se utilizaron 42 mapas de isla de calor del año 2010, los cuales se generaron con imágenes satelitales Terra MODIS. Ellos fueron sintetizados en cinco cartografías, un mapa anual y cuatro correspondientes a las estaciones del año. Las variables explicativas para predecir la isla de calor fueron nueve: densidad de población y construida, elevación topográfica, NDVI, albedo, radiación solar y las distancias euclidianas al centro, la costa y los ríos y esteros. Los resultados de los modelos de regresión lineal múltiple por pasos indican coeficientes de determinación entre 47,39% y 80,08% (invierno y verano respectivamente). Las variables explicativas más influyentes son el albedo y el NDVI (relación negativa), y la densidad construida (relación positiva). Al modificar las variables que explican la ICUs se podría variar la intensidad de ella, por ejemplo: al aumentar de 10.000 m2 a 20.000 m2 construidos por hectárea la temperatura deberá aumentar entre 1ºC y 2ºC; implementando de áreas verdes un espacio sin vegetación, la isla de calor se verá reducida entre 1,2ºC y 5,5ºC; y al modificar el albedo de la ciudad desde un 10% a un 20% se consigue una reducción de la ICUs entre 1,1ºC y 2,7ºC.
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Baptista, José Filipe dos Santos. "Densidade e forma urbana. A densidade enquanto factor potenciador de urbanidade." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3460.
Abstract:
Mestrado integrado em Arquitectura, com a especialização em Planeamento Urbano e TerritorialNo contexto da problemática que relaciona densidade e forma urbana, esta investigação tem como principal objectivo discutir o valor e as valências da densidade enquanto factor potenciador de urbanidade. Mais concretamente o estudo pretende perceber o modo como uma maior densidade pode ser condição relevante ou catalisadora para desencadear uma vida urbana mais intensa. Neste âmbito, procurase desenvolver a temática da densidade conjugando-a com conceitos como sejam a mistura de usos, a questão das centralidades e da mobilidade. Em paralelo com a reflexão teórica pretende desenvolver-se uma investigação aplicada, ou seja, procurando traduzir num quadro territorial específico – a área de Almada nascente – a problemática anteriormente apresentada. Admite-se como caso de estudo o eixo central da cidade de Almada, no sentido em que podemos qualificá-lo como uma centralidade axial existente na cidade. Este revela valências e qualidades (nomeadamente enquanto espaço de concentração e mistura de usos e enquanto eixo de mobilidades) que servem de referência ao projecto e à hipótese de trabalho aqui levantada: a criação de um segundo eixo de centralidade e densidade ao longo da actual via Aliança Povo M.F.A, entre os núcleos históricos de Cacilhas e Cova da Piedade. A investigação divide-se em três partes: enquadramento teórico, enquadramento e análise territorial, e desenvolvimento projectual. Conclui-se que, aliado a outros conceitos ou indicadores, como sejam mobilidade, mistura de usos e centralidade, o conceito de densidade participa na criação de centros urbanos intensos e na construção de formas de urbanidade.
In the context of the problem that relates density and urban form, this research has as main objective to discuss the value and the valences of density as a determinant of urbanity. More specifically the study aims to understand how a higher density may be a relevant condition or catalyst to trigger a more intense urban life. In this context, it seeks to develop the theme of density by combining it with concepts such as mixed uses, the issue of centrality and mobility. In parallel with the theoretical reflection, it aims to develop an applied research, which means, trying to translate in a specific territorial framework – the east area of Almada – the issues previously presented. It’s accepted as a case study the central axis of Almada, in the sense that we can qualify it as an axial centrality existing in the city. This reveals qualities and valences (such as an area of concentration and mix of uses and mobility while axis) that serve as reference for the project and the working hypothesis raised here: creating a second axis of centrality and density along the current avenue Aliança Povo MFA, between the historical cores of Cacilhas and Cova da Piedade. The research is divided into three parts: theoretical guidelines, territorial framework and analysis, and project development. We conclude that, together with other concepts such as mobility, mixed uses and centrality, the concept of density is involved in the creation of urban centres and in the construction of urbanity forms.
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Clarke, Jason A. Onufer Tracy L. "Understanding environmental factors that affect violence in Salinas, California." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FClarke_Onufer.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Freeman, Michael. Second Reader: Rothstein, Hy. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Salinas, violence, gangs, education, unemployment rate, economy, population, housing, police force, prison, rivalry, social service, community involvement, prevention, intervention. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-87). Also available in print.
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Elghazali, Burhan. "Urban Intensification in Metropolitan Khartoum : Influential Factors, Benefits and Applicability." Doctoral thesis, KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4040.
Abstract:
This dissertation explores the theoretical and methodological implications involved in the policy framework needed to intensify urban residential areas in a developing country. Metropolitan Khartoum, Sudan, has been chosen as a case study. The aim of the study is to further our understanding of the implications of transforming a sprawling city form to an intensified form. The objectives are: to identify the factors that have shaped Sudanese urban form in general and Metropolitan Khartoum in specific; to identify the policies that can intensify the urban residential neighborhoods in Metropolitan Khartoum; and, to influence both the demand and requisite housing needs for this intensified form. This research is qualitative in its nature: the complexity of the study problematic required the adoption of a constructivist paradigm as the fundamental set of beliefs. Inductive arguments are used in conjunction with a wide range of methods, including detailed descriptions of Sudan and metropolitan Khartoum, with special emphasis on how local environment, urban challenges, policy, legislation and practices affect the study problematic. The theoretical premises of intensification are reviewed along with development issues, urban infrastructure challenges and opportunities in developing countries and local acceptability of intensification. The different forces that can shape urban forms have been described and the suitability of metropolitan Khartoum, with different general urban intensification policies and practices and of urban management tools in large African cities has been investigated. The outcome of the study provides detail for a discussion of results that work to explain some of the cause and effect of urban sprawl in Metropolitan Khartoum. It also suggests possible change in both policy and regulation to induce successful city reform towards intensification.
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Elghazali, Burhan Eltayeb Bushra. "Urban intensification in Metropolitan Khartoum : influential factors, benefits and applicability /." Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4040.
49
Davis, William Jeffrey. "An evaluation of life cycle factors for urban arterial roadways." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21534.
50
Woollard, Thomas Henry. "Factors affecting dispersal in an urban fox (Vulpes vulpes) population." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303869.