Journal articles on the topic 'Urban Environment and Building'
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1
Shi, Shujun. "The Relationship between High-Rise Building and Urban Environment." World Construction 4, no. 3 (September 22, 2015): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wcj.v4i3.5.
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<p>High-rise buildings have become an inevitable trend in future building development. Since today’s building theories and technologies have not fully matured, we should perform a comprehensive analysis by combining urban environmental conditions in order to promote sustainable development of high-rise buildings. This study will discuss development prospects and problems of high-rise buildings via the relationship between urban environment and high-rise buildings, in order to form a more comprehensive and mature understanding of future development direction and the focus of high-rise building, and to propose appropriate countermeasures to the negative impacts of high-rise buildings on the development of urban environment.</p>
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Shi, Shujun. "The Relationship between High-Rise Building and Urban Environment." World Construction 4, no. 3 (September 22, 2015): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wc.v4i3.5.
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<p>High-rise buildings have become an inevitable trend in future building development. Since today’s building theories and technologies have not fully matured, we should perform a comprehensive analysis by combining urban environmental conditions in order to promote sustainable development of high-rise buildings. This study will discuss development prospects and problems of high-rise buildings via the relationship between urban environment and high-rise buildings, in order to form a more comprehensive and mature understanding of future development direction and the focus of high-rise building, and to propose appropriate countermeasures to the negative impacts of high-rise buildings on the development of urban environment.</p>
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Tian, Wei, Chuanqi Zhu, Yunliang Liu, Baoquan Yin, and Jiaxin Shi. "ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF URBAN BUILDINGS BASED ON GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM." Journal of Green Building 15, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.15.3.83.
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ABSTRACT Urban building energy analysis has attracted more attention as the population living in cities increases as does the associated energy consumption in urban environments. This paper proposes a systematic bottom-up method to conduct energy analysis and assess energy saving potentials by combining dynamic engineering-based energy models, machine learning models, and global sensitivity analysis within the GIS (Geographic Information System) environment for large-scale urban buildings. This method includes five steps: database construction of building parameters, automation of creating building models at the GIS environment, construction of machine learning models for building energy assessment, sensitivity analysis for choosing energy saving measures, and GIS visual evaluation of energy saving schemes. Campus buildings in Tianjin (China) are used as a case study to demonstrate the application of the method proposed in this research. The results indicate that the method proposed here can provide reliable and fast analysis to evaluate the energy performance of urban buildings and determine effective energy saving measures to reduce energy consumption of urban buildings. Moreover, the GIS-based analysis is very useful to both create energy models of buildings and display energy analysis results for urban buildings.
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Wang, Da Wei. "Study of Green Building Design Based on Micro-Project in Correlate Urban Ecological Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 329 (June 2013): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.329.51.
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In this paper, by placing buildings in the urban complex ecosystem, the definition of green buildings is analyzed and interpreted. Also, the characteristics of the extensive correlation between buildings and urban ecological system are introduced. The problems that regional characteristics and urban foundations are ignored in the green building evaluation index system are proposed, and also the technical paths for the design of green building indexes are shown. Through the system characteristics of the green building indexes design, the complexity of urban ecological construction and management is revealed, and also the weak points and improvement measures of China's urban ecological construction are analyzed.
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Generalov, V. P., and E. M. Generalova. "Potential of Buildings Creating High-Quality Urban Environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 4 (February 1, 2022): 042086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/4/042086.
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Abstract The study deals with the problem of creating high-quality comfortable residential urban environment with the inclusion of residential buildings that have different space-planning structure. The analysis of objects built both in the middle of the last century and in the last 20-30 years is carried out. The research provides comparative assessment of these buildings and complexes that have a developed network of service functions in their structure. As a result, these buildings and complexes have a more significant impact on the creation of high-quality comfortable living environment. Due to the different impact of a building on the living environment, the authors propose to introduce such a concept as «typological potential of a building». Depending upon the impact on comfort and quality of the environment there are residential buildings with «negative», «zero», «small», «medium», «above-average» and «high potential».
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Arboit, Mariela Edith, and E. Betman. "Comparative Study of Solar Radiation Availability in Dry Climate Urban Environment Forested Areas, in Mendoza, Argentina." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development. 1, no. 1 (December 14, 2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v1i1.16.
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The study proposes determining the potential of solar collection in urban environments, considering urban building different morphological variables corresponding to representative urban settings in the Mendoza Metropolitan Area (AMM), Argentina. The methodology involves monitoring the global solar irradiance on the vertical plane in North facades, completely sunny and partly sunny, affected by solid masking and masking woodland.Results obtained so far indicate that solar masking is critical for vertical surfaces, with a reduction of the available solar energy between 2% and 66% in the winter season, depending on the type of trees and the building morphology. In the summer season, the measured solar masking values range from a maximum of 83% and a minimum of 10% influence of surface shaded by the neighboring buildings and trees. The results demonstrate the impact of the main variables that determine access to the sun in an urban environment (Urban Tree Canopy, Building Morphology, Building Height, Urban Street Width)The study will allow for future reform and progressive updating of urban and building codes to implement higher levels of energy efficiency for and minimum environmental impact by urban buildings, considering the principal urban building variables.
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Duan, Chuan. "Application of Mathematical Methods Based on Improved Fuzzy Computing in Building and Urban Design in the Environment of Industry 4.0." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (May 27, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3449431.
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In order to improve the performance of the urban building in urban design, this paper uses the mathematical method based on an improved fuzzy calculation to construct an intelligent building and urban design system. Moreover, this paper quantitatively studies the pedestrian wind environment of high-rise buildings and determines the optimal building aerodynamic shape and optimal building layout in the full wind direction. In addition, based on the results of the whole watershed analysis of CFD numerical simulation, this paper reveals the mechanism of building shape and layout in the pedestrian wind environment of high-rise buildings. Finally, this paper constructs an intelligent model to improve the effect of urban architectural design. Through the model research results, we can see that the urban design intelligent system proposed in this paper meets the needs of urban design in the environment of Industry 4.0.
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Mayatskaya, Irina A., Svetlana B. Yazyeva, Nadezhda I. Zakieva, and Anastasia P. Lapina. "Modern Glass Constructions and Comfortable Urban Environment." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 754–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.754.
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The paper deals with the glass designs use for creating a comfortable living environment for urban people. Examples of a harmonious combination of building structures and natural objects are shown. Attention is paid to the external facade and the interior space of buildings, where glass constructions were used.
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Lin, Jinyao, Yaye Zhuang, Yang Zhao, Hua Li, Xiaoyu He, and Siyan Lu. "Measuring the Non-Linear Relationship between Three-Dimensional Built Environment and Urban Vitality Based on a Random Forest Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010734.
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Urban vitality is a major indicator used for evaluating the sustainability and attractiveness of an urban environment. Global experience indicates that urban vitality can be stimulated through a reasonable urban design. However, it remains incompletely understood in the literature which building-related indicators can substantially affect urban vitality in Asian countries. To give an insight into this question, our study took a step forward by focusing specifically on the influence of the three-dimensional built environment on urban vitality, based on which decision makers could enhance urban vitality from the perspective of vertical building design. A machine-learning-based framework was developed in this study. First, we utilized several building-related indicators to thoroughly measure the spatial characteristics of buildings at the township level. Second, the relationship between a three-dimensional built environment and urban vitality was revealed based on a combined use of the correlation method, scatter charts, and a random forest. In the random forest, both a benchmark and a new model were constructed to evaluate the importance of those building-related indicators. The results suggested that urban vitality was closely related to the three-dimensional built environment, which played an even more important role than common benchmark factors in stimulating urban vitality. The building coverage ratio, density of tall buildings, and floor area ratio were essential spatial drivers behind urban vitality. Therefore, urban designers and decision makers should not only take traditional factors into account but also carefully consider the potential influence of high-rise buildings and the outdoor thermal environment so that urban vitality can be enhanced. Our study’s results can offer practical recommendations for improving urban vitality from the perspective of vertical building design. The proposed framework can also be used for measuring the potential influence of the three-dimensional built environment in other areas.
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Voll, Hendrik, Martin Thalfeldt, Francesco De Luca, Jarek Kurnitski, and Timo Olesk. "Urban planning principles of nearly zero-energy residential buildings in Estonia." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 27, no. 6 (September 12, 2016): 634–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-05-2015-0101.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a scientific method to evaluate possible urban layouts of a test building integrating building regulations, natural light standard and energy requirements to achieve nearly zero-energy buildings in Estonia. The integration of building regulations, energy requirements and natural light standards is crucial to evaluate the incidence of the surrounding environment when analyzing the energy performance of buildings. Design/methodology/approach The paper investigates the variations of the energy consumption of a model building with different orientations and variable urban surroundings configurations for the latitude of Tallinn. The different urban configurations are due to combinations of the different building requirements of fire safety, daylighting and insolation hours that in Estonia affect the layout of residential districts, thus influencing significantly the potential consumption of buildings. Different layouts of surrounding buildings have been chosen all guaranteeing at different degrees the fulfillment of the building requirements for the test building and energy simulations have been run to find the urban layouts that guarantee best performances. Findings The outcomes show that the test building interior temperatures and energy performances vary significantly in the different urban planning configurations and for the different orientations, underlining that is strongly recommended to run always energy simulation of building considering their surrounding environment. The conclusions show the principles to integrate the building regulations to achieve nearly zero-energy districts that significantly can improve life quality in the urban environment. Originality/value The paper analyze the energy efficiency of buildings with different features and orientations simulating their possible urban environment layouts given by building regulations, and not isolated or as built in “an open field” like most of the existing literature in the field.
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Flimel, Marian. "Vibro-Acoustic Comfort Assessment Methodology of Residential Buildings in Urban Environment." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.428.
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Noise in residential buildings should be assessed not only in terms of impact on health, safety and performance of inhabitants, but also for the “value” of the building (apartment) in a certain environment. Building energetic certification implementation is one of the first compulsory legislative evaluation criteria. This paper wants to draw the attention to the need for vibro-accoustic building (apartment) certification. Presented tabular evaluation is an objective evaluation. The reason for that are the tendencies related to noise in environment: increased number and levels of noise sources in buildings’ exterior and interior, increasing demands for sound insulation of building structures and growing number of “noise” complaints.
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Beasley, Kimball J. "Building facade failures in the urban environment." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Forensic Engineering 170, no. 1 (February 2017): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jfoen.16.00018.
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Glukhova, Daria, Julia Katilova, and Anastasia Krupina. "Graphic-analytical method in architectural assessment urban visual environment." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 16003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824516003.
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Not only chemical or physical pollution is a problem for environment. The visual environment pollution becomes irreversible problem. Because of the basis of modern construction is the principles of simplified modeling. A lot of same elements on the facade of high-rise building create an unfavorable environment for visual perception. It can leads to visual deterioration, mental health and other health concerns. There are not enough accurate methods for visual aggressiveness assessment. In this article we offer use graphic-analytical method for determine the degree of aggressiveness of building’s visual environment. As the result, we determined the percentage of same elements on the facades of two buildings by using a grid.
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Saarimaa, Sini, and Sofie Pelsmakers. "Better Living Environment Today, More Adaptable Tomorrow?" Yhdyskuntasuunnittelu-lehti 58, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33357/ys.89676.
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In Finland, maximising urban land value has often resulted in urban housing with increased efficiency. This study highlights how increased building efficiency can lead to reduced living environment quality, manifesting in for example deep plan plans with limited opportunities for dwellers to adapt spaces to meet their changing needs over time. Within the Finnish urban housing context, this study evaluates the adaptation potential of two case study apartment buildings, with seven apartments studied in more detail. These cases represent a broader set of housing cases finished in 2019 or planned to be constructed in 2020–2022 in Finland's largest urban areas. Illustrated by comparative building and apartment plans, the findings indicate that the selected cases generally lack much capacity to accommodate change, but this can be improved with fairly simple spatial modifications with the same apartment number and size. It was also highlighted that in some cases there may be broader implications for the land use, and the city plan. The implications of the findings draw out a discussion about the inter-relationship between housing adaptability, dwelling quality and apartment type, building typology and urban housing block design at the city plan level.
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Nurzyński, Jacek. "Acoustical assessment of urban residential environment." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 4 (December 9, 2014): 033–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1690.
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The quality of urban residential environment depends on several factors, acoustical conditions are among the most important. Outdoor noise affects conditions inside the building, determines required sound insulation of external walls and the whole building envelope. It defines the comfort level on balconies and terraces, and also the quality of the closest building surroundings. Recent tendencies in spatial planning, related to the sustainable development idea, as rational land use, densification of existing built-up areas, revitalization of city centers etc, have possible far-reaching acoustical consequences. Besides, the environmental management and spatial planning present quite different attitude towards assessment of residential areas in terms of acoustics. The paper examines the problem of noise just from the perspective of spatial planning and building industry. The acoustic classification scheme is proposed for residential areas. It gives clear rules for acoustical planning and appropriate urban development policy. It is also an applicable tool for investors, developes, local authorities, and above all a final user to assess real quality and adequate value of the premises.
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Yi, Xiaolie, and Lipeng Zheng. "Impact and Assessment of Urban Wind Environment Change on Architectural Heritage Protection." E3S Web of Conferences 237 (2021): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123703035.
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In view of the contradiction between urban construction and protection of architectural heritage, this paper analyzes the hidden dangers of wind and fire protection of architectural heritage from the perspective of wind environment impact of high-rise buildings. The wind environment simulation and fire simulation based on computational fluid dynamics are used to study the typical building heritage cases in Guangzhou. The wind environment indicators that affect the comfort, safety and fire development of the wind environment of the building heritage are explained, so as to form a strategy for evaluating the impact of wind environment of high-rise buildings on the protection of building heritage.
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Giyasov, Botir, and Irina Giyasova. "The Impact of High-Rise Buildings on the Living Environment." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183301045.
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Urbanization as a socio-economic process manifested in the concentration of the population in modern big cities contributes to the development of high-rise building construction. With the development of education and culture, changing leisure habits, city residents put forward new architectural and functional requirements to the living environment and urban infrastructure. This calls for the creation of new types and forms of residential buildings, the structure of the city and transport networks. In addition, the need to develop high-rise building construction is justified by the growing demand for residential, public and administrative buildings and the lack of free space.The paper analyzes the development of high-rise building construction in urban areas. The problem of the impact of high-rise building construction in big cities on the living environment is considered. Using analytical methods, causes and sources of pollution, such as transport and engineering infrastructure have been identified. In some urban areas, there are zones with modified thermal conditions and air exchange resulting in the formation of the “urban heat island”The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of variations in temperature and wind speed with respect to the height of the building have been calculated, using the example of the Evolution Tower of the Moscow International Business Center (“Moscow City”). Calculation and comparative analysis for the cities of Moscow, Khanty-Mansiysk and Vladivostok has made it possible to assess the variation in temperature and wind speed and their impact on the living environment under different climatic conditions.
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Yuan, Jihui, Toshio Yamanaka, Tomohiro Kobayashi, Haruto Kitakaze, and Kazuo Emura. "Effect of highly reflective building envelopes on outdoor environment temperature and indoor thermal loads using CFD and numerical analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 06031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911106031.
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In recent years, the climate change (CC) and urban heat island (UHI) effects are becoming serious problems, affecting people’s life and health, especially in hot summer. For large cities such as Tokyo and Osaka in Japan, the UHI effect is particularly intense. It is known that about 40% of urban anthropogenic heat comes from buildings in large cities. To reduce the anthropogenic heat of buildings is an important countermeasure to this problem. Strategies for UHI mitigation include urban ventilation, urban greening, green roof, highly reflective (HR) roads, and HR building envelopes, etc. Among these mitigation strategies, the research on HR building envelopes has been carried out globally. However, it is not clear that how the HR building envelopes affect the urban outdoor environment temperature and indoor thermal loads of urban buildings which is directly related to the selection of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of solar reflectivity of building envelopes varied from 0.1 to 0.9, on the outdoor environment temperature and indoor thermal loads of buildings located on Osaka University Suita Campus, Japan, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and numerical analysis.
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Ghazaleheniya, Ismaeel, and Ayten Özsavaş Akçay. "The Impact of Tall Buildings within the Existing and Historical Urban Environment." NEU Journal of Faculty of Architecture 4, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32955/neujfa202342657.
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The rapid growth of the world increased the demand of the tall buildings as a result of physical, social and economic needs. Tall Buildings with their great size and large impact on the existing urban environment and especially on the historical one became like a double-edged sword. They may be an active city element and become a landmark that has its own value, preserve and respect the built surrounding, or it will be a portion that disfigure the urban skyline of the city and become a visual deformation within its space. The most important point that should be considered while designing a tall building is the harmony between it and its built surrounding. Design considerations regarding physical integration of the tall building with the context around it must be handled with more care than any other conventional building. In order to minimize the damage on the historical urban heritage and the existing built environment maximizing the useful landscape provided by its footprint on the site should be aimed. This paper aims to evaluate the impacts regarding the integration of tall buildings within the existing and historical urban environment. A holistic approach clarifying this integration as a way of designing an efficient urban element also aimed to be discussed in this paper.
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Zhou, Jingxuan. "Research progress of wind energy utilization in building environment." Frontiers of Engineering and Scientific Research 1, no. 1 (May 29, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/fesr.1.1.55.
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Against the backdrop of the increasing global clean energy crisis, the development and efficient use of clean and renewable energy has become an important theme in today's society. In the use environment of various urban public buildings, the main difference of wind energy is that it can not only be directly applied to the urban buildings itself, but also does not need any transportation tools. According to the development status of building wind energy environment research in china and abroad, the main characteristics of building wind energy environment using wind energy in china are analyzed. the feasibility of using main wind energy in building wind energy environment in china is discussed. the main utilization methods of building wind energy environment using wind energy including natural ventilation system exhaust and building wind energy comprehensive power generation in china are introduced. the comprehensive evaluation of the current building energy saving environment using wind energy comprehensive utilization efficiency is given. the theoretical research results and practical application examples about building energy saving environment using wind energy are summarized. On the basis of this paper, some current hot issues that need further study are proposed in order to provide the basis for the wider application of wind technology in the architectural environment.
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Li, Bing. "The Influence of Urban Ecological Environment on Funeral Building Environment as Landscape Patches." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 1302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.1302.
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Funeral building environment is part of the ecological system, it undertakes important duties like human burial, urban cultural landscape and tourism, and urban development. Funeral building environment landscape as patch design is the important tache of space landscape construction and development. It should aim at restoring local ecological environment, providing city environmental services, and helping to recover ecosystem and biodiversity that have been destroyed. It will repair the damages like biological component damage caused by urbanization, natural biological communities and species declining and urban ecological system stability destruction, so as to promote the development of funeral building ecological environment, and create a development environment with man and nature in perfect harmony.
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Luo, Xuan, Pouya Vahmani, Tianzhen Hong, and Andrew Jones. "City-Scale Building Anthropogenic Heating during Heat Waves." Atmosphere 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2020): 1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111206.
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More frequent and longer duration heat waves have been observed worldwide and are recognized as a serious threat to human health and the stability of electrical grids. Past studies have identified a positive feedback between heat waves and urban heat island effects. Anthropogenic heat emissions from buildings have a crucial impact on the urban environment, and hence it is critical to understand the interactive effects of urban microclimate and building heat emissions in terms of the urban energy balance. Here we developed a coupled-simulation approach to quantify these effects, mapping urban environmental data generated by the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) coupled to Urban Canopy Model (UCM) to urban building energy models (UBEM). We conducted a case study in the city of Los Angeles, California, during a five-day heat wave event in September 2009. We analyzed the surge in city-scale building heat emission and energy use during the extreme heat event. We first simulated the urban microclimate at a high resolution (500 m by 500 m) using WRF-UCM. We then generated grid-level building heat emission profiles and aggregated them using prototype building energy models informed by spatially disaggregated urban land use and urban building density data. The spatial patterns of anthropogenic heat discharge from the building sector were analyzed, and the quantitative relationship with weather conditions and urban land-use dynamics were assessed at the grid level. The simulation results indicate that the dispersion of anthropogenic heat from urban buildings to the urban environment increases by up to 20% on average and varies significantly, both in time and space, during the heat wave event. The heat dispersion from the air-conditioning heat rejection contributes most (86.5%) of the total waste heat from the buildings to the urban environment. We also found that the waste heat discharge in inland, dense urban districts is more sensitive to extreme events than it is in coastal or suburban areas. The generated anthropogenic heat profiles can be used in urban microclimate models to provide a more accurate estimation of urban air temperature rises during heat waves.
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Kuzmichev, Andrey A., Valery N. Azarov, and Alexander V. Kuzmichev. "The Effect of Atmospheric Pollution on Building Materials in the Urban Environment." Journal of Materials and Applications 9, no. 2 (November 15, 2020): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jma.2020.9.2.70.
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Nowadays atmospheric pollution affects not only the urban environment in general, but building materials, which leads to their corrosion, in particular. The article discusses the regularities of the adhesion process of particulate matter (dust) on the vertical surfaces of buildings and structures, which are made of various building materials. On the basis of experimental studies, regression dependences of the adhesion of urban dust on different vertical surfaces from random determining factors were obtained. Thus, by studying the regularities of pollution of urban environment objects, made of various building materials, it is possible to achieve their preservation, since they demonstrate the architectural and design features of various historical periods of the country's development.
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George, Solomon Bessie, Ekanemesang Amaifiok Sunday, Aniefiok Itohowo Sam, and Idara Ephraim Patrick. "Indoor Thermal Comfort for Commercial Buildings in Nigeria Urban Environment." Aug-Sept 2022, no. 25 (September 29, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jls.25.1.13.
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Providing comfort for building inhabitants is difficult and essential in this era of climate change and global warming. This is a result of growing challenges facing designers to provide buildings that will be fit and comfortable for users in the 21st century. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine indoor thermal comfort in commercial buildings in a warm-humid climate of Uyo Urban, Nigeria. The study revealed that the S-N and N-S orientations were considered optimum for thermal comfort in commercial buildings in Uyo Urban. It was found that higher values of MV corresponded to lower values of temperatures and the lower values of MV corresponded to higher values of temperatures. It was therefore inferred that thermal feelings increased in the direction of coolness with a reduction in temperature and increased in the direction of warmth with an increase in temperature. Therefore, building orientations strongly relate buildings to their natural environment, proper utilization of thermal inertia, sun, wind, prevailing weather patterns and topography which further create optimum thermal comfort for users. Hence, Planners and Designers should consider the S-N orientation and ensure that buildings are not closely clustered to ensure cross ventilation during overheating.
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Hu, Yi Nan. "Elevation Design of Urban Business-Living Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.34.
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According to China's urban characteristics and features of business-living building, the relationship between residential portion and business portion of business-living building is analyzed, focusing on the business, exposition ability, and the harmony between elevation design and surrounding environment, to describe the specific methods of elevation detail design in order to coordinate the relation between residential and business portions. Findings: according to elaborate design, buildings can be more aesthetically harmonious in favor of the development of urban business-living buildings, and this special type of architecture can also get more recognition.
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Kang, Jian. "Urban Sound Environment." Building Acoustics 14, no. 2 (June 2007): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/135101007781448000.
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Yang, Junyan, Beixiang Shi, Geyang Xia, Qin Xue, and Shi-Jie Cao. "Impacts of Urban Form on Thermal Environment Near the Surface Region at Pedestrian Height: A Case Study Based on High-Density Built-Up Areas of Nanjing City in China." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (February 26, 2020): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051737.
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The continuous worsening of urban thermal environments poses a severe threat to human health and is among the main problems associated with urban climate change and sustainable development. This issue is particularly severe in high-density built-up areas. Existing studies on the thermal environments (temperature data extracted from satellite remote sensing images) are mainly focused on urban canopy areas (airspace below the average height of trees or buildings) rather than the near surface region (at pedestrian height). However, the main outdoor activity space of urban residents is the area near surface region. Hence, this study aims to investigate the influence of urban form (i.e., building density, height, and openness) on thermal environment near the surface region. The high-density built-up areas of a typical megacity (i.e., Nanjing) in China were selected, and the thermal environments of 26 typical blocks were simulated using ENVI-met software. Temperature field measurements were carried out for simulation validation. On this basis, a classified and comparative study was conducted by selecting the key spatial form elements that affect thermal environments. The results showed that in actual high-density built-up areas, single urban form parameter does not determine the thermal environments near the urban surface but mainly affected by the use (function) of space. For this study, the overall thermal environment of a street block is optimal when the building density is between 40% and 50% and the average building height is between 8 and 17 stories. Nonetheless, the urban form can be improved to optimize the overall effects on building functions and thermal environments. Furthermore, function-specific urban form optimization strategies were proposed to optimize thermal environments according to specific functional needs.
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Dai, Menglin, Wil O. C. Ward, Gregory Meyers, Danielle Densley Tingley, and Martin Mayfield. "Residential building facade segmentation in the urban environment." Building and Environment 199 (July 2021): 107921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107921.
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WuHong, Fang, Zhou XiaoQing, Liu yuan, and LiLi. "Analysis of Physics Environment in Urban Village Building." Procedia Engineering 205 (2017): 2026–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.080.
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Zhi, Chen, Yu Bingfeng, and Shang Pingjun. "A Calculating Method Of Albedo and Experimental Study of its Influence on Building Heat Environment in Summer." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 129, no. 2 (April 25, 2006): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2710495.
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One of the characters of urbanization is that cities develop spatially. The harmful effects of urban heat island put a burden on environmental preservation, energy saving, and thermal comfort. High-albedo materials can lower temperatures effectively when exposed to solar radiation. According to the albedo change of the wall-facing materials of urban buildings, two building models were constructed, of which the internal and external microclimate parameters were measured under certain meteorological conditions in summer. The analytical results of the internal heat environments show that employing high-albedo coatings on the building exterior wall was an active and effective approach to mitigating the high temperatures in the urban environment and its consequences. Moreover, an integral method was used to calculate albedo, which supplies an effective way in the selection of coatings, the performance analysis of the heat insulation, and the assessment of the building microheat environment.
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Bienvenido-Huertas, David, and Isidro Cortés. "Influencia en el rendimiento energético en edificios históricos provocado por el entorno urbano y las modificaciones de proyecto: el caso de la Casa Duclós." Revista Hábitat Sustentable 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07190700.2020.10.02.03.
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Historic buildings are a fundamental part of the tangible cultural heritage of today’s society. However, the energy saving requirements to limit climate change may present limitations with respect to the characteristics of these buildings. In the case of historical buildings from the early 20th century to the present, the bioclimatic design principles applied by architects may have been limited. In some cases, it may be due to project modifications or urban expansion. In this study, these two aspects are analyzed in a case of a historic building located in Seville: The Duclós House by José Luis Sert. This building presents modifications in the roof between the projected and the built one. Likewise, the urban environment is different from the one existing when it was built. The analysis was carried out with energy simulations using weather data from 2000 to 2019. The results show the influence that the modifications of the projected roof and the urban expansion had on the energy performance of the building with respect to the original idea of the building.
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GENERALOV, Viktor P., and Elena M. GENERALOVA. "LIFESTYLE, ARCHITECTURE AND QUALITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT." Urban construction and architecture 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2021.01.20.
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The study reveals the aspects that defi ne the concept of “lifestyle”, including the main categories: standard of living, lifestyle, quality of life and lifestyle. Insuffi cient knowledge of the mutual infl uence of people’s “lifestyle” on the typological structure of apartments and residential buildings, on the quality of the urban environment is emphasized. The infl uence of the level of urbanization of the city territory on the characteristics of the “urban lifestyle” is considered. Problematic issues are raised related to the debate on the relationship between building density and comfort and the quality index of the living environment. The main directions of fundamental research in the fi eld of architecture, aimed at the development of new types of buildings, are touched upon. The emphasis is made on the methods of using high-rise buildings for the humanization of the urban environment and the formation of a modern “compact city”.
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Wang, Meiya, and Hanqiu Xu. "The impact of building height on urban thermal environment in summer: A case study of Chinese megacities." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e0247786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247786.
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The quantitative relationship between the spatial variation of building’s height and the associated land surface temperature (LST) change in six Chinese megacities is investigated in this paper. The six cities involved are Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen. Based on both remote sensing and building footprint data, we retrieved the LST using a single-channel (SC) algorithm and evaluate the heating/cooling effect caused by building-height difference via correlation analysis. The results show that the spatial distribution of high-rise buildings is mainly concentrated in the center business districts, riverside zones, and newly built-up areas of the six megacities. In the urban area, the number and the floor-area ratio of high to super high-rise buildings (>24m) account for over 5% and 4.74%, respectively. Being highly urbanized cities, most of urban areas in the six megacities are associated with high LST. Ninety-nine percent of the city areas of Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Tianjin are covered by the LST in the range of 30.2~67.8°C, 34.8~50.4°C, 25.3~48.3°C, 29.9~47.2°C, 27.4~43.4°C, and 33.0~48.0°C, respectively. Building’s height and LST have a negative logarithmic correlation with the correlation coefficients ranging from -0.701 to -0.853. In the building’s height within range of 0~66m, the LST will decrease significantly with the increase of building’s height. This indicates that the increase of building’s height will bring a significant cooling effect in this height range. When the building’s height exceeds 66m, its effect on LST will be greatly weakened. This is due to the influence of building shadows, local wind disturbances, and the layout of buildings.
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LEE, SU-MI, and DOOSAM SONG. "EVALUATION OF WIND ENVIRONMENT AROUND THE BUILDING IN THE EARLY DESIGN STAGES USING BIM-BASED CFD SIMULATION." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 19, no. 04 (December 2011): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132511000636.
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Drastic urbanization and Manhattanization are causing various problems in the wind environments of urban areas. This study suggests a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation method to evaluate the wind environment around urban buildings in the early design stages. The CFD simulation method suggested in this study is not a traditional in-depth simulation, but a method to immediately evaluate the wind environment for each design alternative and provide guidelines for design modification. The CFD simulation approach suggested in this study is based on the building information model. In addition, previous criteria for evaluating wind environments around buildings in urban areas are reviewed and criteria applicable to the proposed CFD simulation method are identified. Furthermore, a proper mesh generation method and appropriate CPU time were investigated to allow generation of a meaningful CFD simulation result in a limited time.
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Pragati, Saranathan, Radhakrishnan Shanthi Priya, Chandramouli Pradeepa, and Ramalingam Senthil. "Simulation of the Energy Performance of a Building with Green Roofs and Green Walls in a Tropical Climate." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 20, 2023): 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032006.
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Global temperatures have continued to rise for decades, partly due to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions and subsequent urban heat island (UHI) effects. This current research examines the benefits of urban greenery by studying the impact of green roofs and walls of a building on thermal behavior and heat transfer in a warm and humid climate. This simulation study discusses the importance of greening systems in improving thermal comfort and minimizing the causes of UHI by assessing an integrated green building design. Using the simulation software DesignBuilder, the significance of greening systems, green roofs, and walls in enhancing thermal comfort and reducing the factors that contribute to UHI is investigated. The simulation results are based on the building’s energy usage in hot and humid regions while featuring green roofs and walls. The simulation results indicate a considerable positive impact of greening systems in improving the urban environment in hot and humid tropical climates. Air temperature, radiant temperature, humidity, and solar gain are decreased by urban greening. The total energy consumption and district cooling demand of buildings with green roofs and walls are reduced by 10.5% and 13%, respectively. The greening systems substantially improve air quality and building’s energy efficiency. Thus, the present study‘s findings can benefit urban designers and dwellers in devising strategies for establishing green spaces in congested urban environments by integrating green technologies and systems into built environments.
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Pfafferott, Jens, Sascha Rißmann, Matthias Sühring, Farah Kanani-Sühring, and Björn Maronga. "Building indoor model in PALM-4U: indoor climate, energy demand, and the interaction between buildings and the urban microclimate." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 3511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3511-2021.
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Abstract. There is a strong interaction between the urban atmospheric canopy layer and the building energy balance. The urban atmospheric conditions affect the heat transfer through exterior walls, the long-wave heat transfer between the building surfaces and the surroundings, the short-wave solar heat gains, and the heat transport by ventilation. Considering also the internal heat gains and the heat capacity of the building structure, the energy demand for heating and cooling and the indoor thermal environment can be calculated based on the urban microclimatic conditions. According to the building energy concept, the energy demand results in an (anthropogenic) waste heat; this is directly transferred to the urban environment. Furthermore, the indoor temperature is re-coupled via the building envelope to the urban environment and affects indirectly the urban microclimate with a temporally lagged and damped temperature fluctuation. We developed a holistic building model for the combined calculation of indoor climate and energy demand based on an analytic solution of Fourier's equation and implemented this model into the PALM model.
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Kumar, Minakshi, and Ashutosh Bhardwaj. "Building Extraction from Very High Resolution Stereo Satellite Images Using OBIA and Topographic Information." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 5, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecg2020-08908.
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The availability of very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery (<1 m) has opened new vistas in large-scale mapping and information management in urban environments. Buildings are the most essential dynamic incremental factor in the urban environment, and hence their extraction is the most challenging activity. Extracting the urban features, particularly buildings using traditional pixel-based classification approaches as a function of spectral tonal value, produces relatively less accurate results for these VHR Imageries. The present study demonstrates building extraction using Pleiades panchromatic (PAN) and multispectral stereo satellite datasets of highly planned and dense urban areas in parts of Chandigarh, India. The stereo datasets were processed in a photogrammetric environment to obtain the digital elevation model (DEM) and corresponding orthoimages. DEM’s were generated at 0.5 m and 2.0 m from stereo PAN and multispectral datasets, respectively. The orthoimages thus generated were segmented using object-based image analysis (OBIA) tools. The object primitives such as scale parameter, shape, textural parameters, and DEM derivatives were used for segmentation and subsequently to determine threshold values for building fuzzy rules for building extraction and classification. The rule-based classification was carried out with defined decision rules based on object primitives and fuzzy rules. Two different methods were utilized for the performance evaluation of the proposed automatic building approach. Overall accuracy, correctness, and completeness were evaluated for extracted buildings. It was observed that overall accuracy was higher (>93%) in areas having larger buildings and that were sparsely built-up as compared to areas having smaller buildings and being densely built-up.
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Yu, Qi, and Chun Liang Wang. "To Shape the Image of the City's High-Tech City of Chang Chun International Business Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.156.
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High-rise building this type of construction has greatly changed the city's construction and the natural environment. At present, many high-rise building design and urban space does not conform with that gave rise to a sense of indifference to it, sense of distance. This paper attempts by high-rise buildings and urban design analysis to advocate for high-rise buildings to the city and public open space development, and bring it into line with the City of integration with the environment to shape the city's image.
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Muldoon-Smith, Kevin, and Leo Moreton. "Planning Adaptation: Accommodating Complexity in the Built Environment." Urban Planning 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i1.4590.
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Obsolescence and vacancy are part of the traditional building life cycle, as tenants leave properties and move to new ones. Flux, a period of uncertainty before the establishment of new direction, can be considered part of building DNA. What is new, due to structural disruptions in the way we work, is the rate and regularity of flux, reflected in obsolescence, vacancy, and impermanent use. Covid-19 has instantly accelerated this disruption. Retail failure has increased with even more consumers moving online. While employees have been working from home, rendering the traditional office building in the central business district, at least temporarily, obsolete. This article reflects on the situation by reporting findings from an 18-month research project into the practice of planning adaptation in the English built environment. Original findings based on interviews with a national sample of local authority planners, combined with an institutional analysis of planning practice since the 1947 Town and Country Planning Act, suggest that the discipline of planning in England is struggling with the reality of flux. There is a demand for planning to act faster, due to the speed of change in the built environment, and liberal political concerns with planning regulation. This is reflected in relaxations to permitted development rules and building use categories. However, participants also indicate that there is a concurrent need for the planning system to operate in a more measured way, to plan the nuanced complexity of a built environment no longer striated by singular use categories at the local level. This notion of flux suggests a process of perpetual change, turbulence, and volatility. However, our findings suggest that within this process, there is a temporal dialectic between an accelerating rate of change in the built environment and a concomitant need to plan in a careful way to accommodate adaptation. We situate these findings in a novel reading of the complex adaptive systems literature, arguing that planning practice needs to embrace uncertainty, rather than eradicate it, in order to enable built environment adaptation. These findings are significant because they offer a framework for understanding how successful building adaptation can be enabled in England, moving beyond the negativity associated with the adaptation of buildings in recent years. This is achieved by recognizing the complex interactions involved in the adaptation process between respective stakeholders and offering an insight into how respective scales of planning governance can coexist successfully.
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Generalova, Elena M., Viktor P. Generalov, Anna A. Kuznetsova, and Oksana N. Bobkova. "Mixed-use development in a high-rise context." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183301021.
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The article deals with an actual problem of finding techniques and methods to create a comfortable urban environment. The authors emphasize that in the existing conditions of intensive urban development greater attention should be given to spatial concentration based on and more compact distribution of population in urban space. It is stressed that including mixed-use facilities into urban realm results in a significant improvement of living environment qualitative characteristics. The paper also examines modern approaches to constructing a «compact city» for comfortable and convenient living with a mixed-use tall building development. The authors explore the world's experience of designing tall mixed-use buildings and reveal modern trends in their construction. The statistics given is based on the data analysis of a group of tall mixed-use buildings consisting of more than 400 objects, constructed in 2007-2016. The research shows functional and architectural peculiarities of this typology of tall buildings and investigates a mechanism of creating zones of mixed-use tall building development in the urban structure. In conclusion, the authors consider prospects of development and major directions of improvement of mixed-use tall building parameters for a reasonable territorial urban growth and creation of high-density and comfortable building development.
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Lan, Y., Z. Huang, R. Guo, and Q. Zhan. "THE ROLES OF URBAN BUILDINGS AND VEGETATION IN ADJUSTING SEASONAL AND DAILY AIR TEMPERATURE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 5, 2019): 1307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-1307-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Exploring the spatiotemporal patterns of the relationships between urban indicators and urban temperature is essential to improve the mitigation effectiveness when we intend to adjust built environment for moderating urban thermal environment. In this study, RS, GIS technology and statistical methods were involved to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of the impacts of urban buildings and vegetation on Air Temperature (AT). Building Density (BD) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are the indicators for urban buildings and vegetation respectively. The objectives of this study are: 1) to determine an appropriate scale for examining the building-AT relationships and vegetation-AT relationships; 2) to explore the seasonal and daily characteristics of these relationships; and 3) to compare the effects of urban buildings and vegetation. The results show that, for both summer and winter, a scale of 200&ndash;250&thinsp;m is optimal for examining building-AT relationships, and 960&ndash;1020&thinsp;m is the desirable scale for studying vegetation-AT relationships. Based on the optimal scales, we find that for both buildings and vegetation, they only significantly impact night-time temperature in both summer and winter. For seasonal comparison, the building-AT relationships and vegetation-AT relationships are relatively stronger in summer than in winter, which are indicated by R-square of the regression results. When comparing the effects of urban building and vegetation, we find that increasing vegetation is more effective than reduce buildings to achieve the same air temperature reduction. Our findings are conducive to generating space-time targeted Urban Heat Island (UHI) mitigation strategies.</p>
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Al-Kayiem, Hussain H., Kelly Koh, Tri W. B. Riyadi, and Marwan Effendy. "A Comparative Review on Greenery Ecosystems and Their Impacts on Sustainability of Building Environment." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 15, 2020): 8529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208529.
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Greenery systems are sustainable ecosystems for buildings. Many studies on greenery systems, such as green roofs and green walls, have demonstrated that greenery systems support energy saving and improve thermal conditions in the building sector. This paper summarizes, discusses, and compares greenery systems and their contributions to the reduction of the urban heat index, the reduction of internal and external buildings’ wall temperatures, and the reduction of the energy consumption of buildings. The fundamental mechanisms of greenery systems, which are thermal insulation, evapotranspiration, and shading effect, are also discussed. The benefits of greenery systems include the improvement of stormwater management, the improvement of air quality, the reduction of sound pollution, the reduction of carbon dioxide, and the improvement of aesthetic building value. The summarized materials on the greenery systems in the article will be a point of references for the researchers, planners, and developers of urban and rural areas, as well as the individual’s interest for future urban and rural plans.
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Kendall, Stephen. "Open Building & Sustainable Environment." Open House International 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2005-b0002.
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With new urgency, governments, private corporations and institutions and private citizens are demanding sustainable new construction, regenerative neighborhoods and building adaptation rather than demolition. These demands are voiced in respect to both immediate and long−term community and individual values and aspirations.
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Vallati, Andrea, Luca Mauri, and Chiara Colucci. "How the urban environment affects the microclimate and the building energy demand for the City of Rome." Thermal Science 23, Suppl. 4 (2019): 1035–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci19s4035v.
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Urban heat island has significant impacts on buildings? energy consumption. The phenomenon is associated with increased urban air temperatures compared to the air temperature of the surrounding rural or suburban areas. The ambient air temperature growth due to climate changes and the urban heat island phenomenon are dramatically increasing the cooling demand in buildings. This is worsened by irradiation conditions, construction technologies, and subjective comfort expectations. This paper examines the impact of the urban environment on the energy demand of buildings, considering the case of two districts of the city of Rome, Italy: one is representative of a central zone, the other of a rural zone. Weather data were then used to calculate the thermal demand of a typical Italian building, ideally located in the monitored areas of the city. Standalone building with modified weather file was modeled in TRNSYS. Results show that urban heat island intensity causes an increase in cooling demand up to +33% for the urban area (+20% for the rural area) compared to the demand calculated using weather data from airportual areas. On the other hand, urban heat island intensity has a positive effect on heating demand which turns out to decrease up to -32% for the urban area (-14% for the rural area).
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Chen, Yang. "Application of a Wind Environment Simulation Generation Technology in Urban Planning." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (August 12, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7939777.
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With the acceleration of urbanization, cities have shown a development trend of high density, high height, and high intensity, which significantly weakens the airflow in the city, resulting in the accumulation of heat and pollutants, and in the urban environment, the problem is getting worse. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to strengthen urban ventilation in the urban environment. However, in the real urban environment, the building layouts are diverse, the building forms are different, and the interaction of the building wind environment is complex due to the lack of relevant research on the complex building spatial form in the urban mesoscale area on the outdoor pedestrian. The research results are difficult to be applied in actual urban construction, and it is difficult to guide the optimization of the urban wind environment. To solve this problem, this paper adopts the CFD method in a real-scale (1 : 1) urban mesoscale regional wind environment simulation study. On this basis, the influencing factors of the urban pedestrian wind environment are analyzed, and the optimization strategy of the wind environment is proposed, which can provide practical guidance for the planning practice of enhancing urban wind comfort.
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Huimin, Yang, Zhao Shuwen, and Kim Chulsoo. "Research on the Influence of the Distribution Pattern of Building Clusters in Coastal Areas on Wind Environment -Focused on Busan area in Korea." E3S Web of Conferences 308 (2021): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130802010.
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With the development of urbanization, the heat island phenomenon has led to further deterioration of the urban thermal environment, resulting in wind environment differences. To study the thermal environment of the city, this paper takes the Busan area in South Korea as the research object and analyzes the connection between the layout of buildings and the wind environment based on the microscopic wind environment characteristics of the coastal area using CFD air-fluid simulation software and suggests that the monsoon influence brought by the coastal currents should be paid attention to, the layout of wind-oriented building groups should be improved, urban air ducts should be established to enhance the ventilation efficiency, and the wind environment of the urban public environment and buildings should be guaranteed. The wind environment quality of urban public environment and indoor environment should be ensured.
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Ceranowicz, Andy, and Mark Torpey. "Adapting to Urban Warfare." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 2, no. 1 (January 2005): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154851290500200102.
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Urban operations currently are of great concern to the defense community. J9, the Experimentation Directorate of USJFCOM, and the Joint Advanced Warfighting Program currently are conducting an experiment to investigate concepts for applying future technologies to joint urban operations. The first phase of the experiment focused on employing future sensors to remotely monitor and understand enemy operations in a foreign city. Characteristics of the urban environment include high building density, a large civilian population, and a cultural environment. These characteristics pose significant challenges for simulation designers. This paper describes the modifications required to adapt the simulations supporting the experiment, JSAF and SLAMEM, to the urban environment. A landscape with a large number of buildings had to be automatically generated and represented in a space efficient manner. Large concentrations of vehicles and pedestrians had to be modeled moving realistically through the city. This behavior had to be automatically generated since it would be impossible to individually control 100,000 entities. Embedding cultural features within the database in the form of building function codes allow civilian entities to automatically plan their movements based on generic daily schedules. Sensor models had to be modified to detect building properties, such as whether a building was fortified. The density of both entities and structures made both movement and intervisibility calculations significantly more expensive, requiring optimization combined with the application of large amounts of hardware. Computation and control was distributed between three CONUS sites and the High Performance Computing Centers at Maui and Wright-Patterson AFB. Limiting and balancing simulation traffic required a major effort. Source squelching was enabled by a distributed data collection system developed to collect data locally on each simulation node while still allowing analysts to perform real-time queries during the experiment.
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Varlamov, Andrei A., Vladimir I. Rimshin, and Sergei Y. Tverskoi. "Durability of Buildings in Urban Environment." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.340.
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The longevity forecast is proposed to be implemented on the basis of models of degradation theory. The theory of degradation is developed as a general energy method for estimating the longevity of objects. It is based on the law of conservation of energy. To analyze the longevity of urban environment, it is proposed to adopt the simplest model of theory of degradation. The proposed work provides an explanation for the description of proposed model. The urban environment is divided into a number of simpler systems. The more the degree of system separation into simpler ones, the more accurately one can describe the behavior of the entire system in time. Each simple system is described by the simplest model of degradation theory. The general behavior of the system is understood as a simple sum of individual degradation models. A feature of the proposed theory is that the simplest model can describe the entire system or the sum of its individual parts at once. The model makes it possible to consider the issue of equalizing the longevity of individual systems. The analysis of durability of a multicompartment building is taken as an example. In terms of analyzing the given example, individual stages of systems operation, that are still subject to discussion, are identified.
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Gross, Günter. "Effects of different vegetation on temperature in an urban building environment. Micro-scale numerical experiments." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 21, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2012/0363.
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Karna, Bikash Kumar, and Ashutosh Bhardawaj. "Integrated Approach for Building Extraction from InSAR and Optical Image using Object Oriented Analysis Technique." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 13 (March 13, 2017): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v13i0.16933.
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Building extraction in built-up area is of great interest for visualization, simulation and monitoring urban landscape which is used for town/city planning as well as regional planning. Building extraction in urban areas based on merely a single high resolution optical data is often hard to conduct and to improve quality of building detection with consistency, completeness and correctness. Optical images are one of the major sources of individual building extraction from orthoimage but most of these do not produce anticipated result especially to building’s shape and outlines in dense urban environment. Extraction of objects from InSAR images is a complicated phenomenon for interpretability due to side looking geometry and effects of layover, foreshortening, shadowing and multi bounce scattering. In this study, buildings and building blocks are extracted from fusion of optical and InSAR data using object oriented analysis (OOA) technique. The improvement of building footprint has done with rectangular fit for building hypothesis and building height from normalized digital surface model (nDSM) based on fuzzy membership function. The results of building extraction has found reasonably good and accurate in planned urban layouts. The quality of building extraction has highly dependent on settlement density, contrast and other image characteristics.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics -13, 2014, Page: 16-23