Journal articles on the topic 'Urban and Industrial Water Management'
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1
Tredoux, Gideon, Peter King, and Lisa Cavé. "Managing urban wastewater for maximising water resource utilization." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 10-11 (May 1, 1999): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0681.
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The Atlantis Water Resource Management Scheme uses artificial recharge of urban stormwater and treated wastewater to augment the natural groundwater resource. The key to the success of the scheme is the fractionation of the stormwater into components of distinctly different quality, and the separate treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater for different end-uses. The groundwater exploitation strategy is largely controlled by water quality requirements. Reuse of domestic and industrial wastewater depends on quality parameters. Tertiary treated domestic effluent is destined for indirect reuse via the aquifer, while treated industrial wastewater is used together with spent regenerant brine and stormwater from the noxious trade area for preventing seawater intrusion. Both residential and industrial stormwater is separated into the base flow and storm flow components and utilised for various purposes. The sustainable operation of the water resource scheme serves as a prototype for the optimal use of water and protection of the environment.
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Gwozdziej-Mazur, Joanna, and Kamil Świętochowski. "Analysis of the water meter management of the urban-rural water supply system." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400051.
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Water losses in the water supply network pose a continuous challenge for water companies. Already during designing new networks, the designer assumes that the amount of water demand must be increased by a certain percentage (usually by 10% of the total average daily water demand for municipal and industrial purposes) due to the possible occurrence of water losses. Water loss is meant the difference between the amount of water injected into the network and the amount of water used and invoiced, i.e. that brings income for the water supply company. Proper water metering management helps to limit water losses. This paper presents analysis of the water meter management of urban-rural water supply system.
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Aivazidou, Eirini, Georgios Banias, Maria Lampridi, Giorgos Vasileiadis, Athanasios Anagnostis, Elpiniki Papageorgiou, and Dionysis Bochtis. "Smart Technologies for Sustainable Water Management: An Urban Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 16, 2021): 13940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413940.
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As projections highlight that half of the global population will be living in regions facing severe water scarcity by 2050, sustainable water management policies and practices are more imperative than ever. Following the Sustainable Development Goals for equitable water access and prudent use of natural resources, emerging digital technologies may foster efficient monitoring, control, optimization, and forecasting of freshwater consumption and pollution. Indicatively, the use of sensors, Internet of Things, machine learning, and big data analytics has been catalyzing smart water management. With two-thirds of the global population to be living in urban areas by 2050, this research focuses on the impact of digitization on sustainable urban water management. More specifically, existing scientific literature studies were explored for providing meaningful insights on smart water technologies implemented in urban contexts, emphasizing supply and distribution networks. The review analysis outcomes were classified according to three main pillars identified: (i) level of analysis (i.e., municipal or residential/industrial); (ii) technology used (e.g., sensors, algorithms); and (iii) research scope/focus (e.g., monitoring, optimization), with the use of a systematic approach. Overall, this study is expected to act as a methodological tool and guiding map of the most pertinent state-of-the-art research efforts to integrate digitalization in the field of water stewardship and improve urban sustainability.
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Eastcott, J. L., T. Aramaki, K. Hanaki, Z. Li, and J. You. "Assessment of sustainable water management for rapidly developing urban regions in Guangzhou City, China." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 10 (November 1, 2003): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0538.
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The Shawan River will be the focal point in the development of the Panyu District, the southern-most district of Guangzhou City in the Guangdong Province of South China. In this research, through the use of two scenarios, the future water quality of the Shawan River was predicted with relation to changes in the water quantity utilized to fuel industrial and domestic development. The worst-case scenario used, simulated the situation if no wastewater treatment was employed, and the best-case scenario simulated the situation if 90% of the pollution load was removed. The period of simulation was for the years 2020 and 2050. Three flowrates were used in the evaluation, those of: the 90% probability of the month of lowest flow (37.2 m3/s); and the range of flowrates within the low flow period, that is, the dry season from November to February (307 and 432 m3/s). Subsequently, two countermeasures (industrial and domestic water savings) - sustainable initiatives - were nested within the two scenarios to ascertain improvements in water quality as a direct result of reduction in water quantity used. The industrial water saving countermeasure showed the greatest improvement in water quality. For the 90% probability of lowest flow for the worst-case scenario, this countermeasure equated to a 63% decrease in BOD. For the low flow period flowrates the background concentration of pollutants was more influential than improvements imparted by the countermeasures to the future predicted water quality. It was recommended that industrial countermeasures be used that take into account water saving, water recycling, the use of brackish water for cooling, and the implementation of economic pricing initiatives. Also that inter-district governmental policy initiatives be introduced to prevent upstream pollution from influencing downstream proposals, further enhancing sustainable water management of the Shawan River.
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Chen, Jing, and Da Wei Yan. "Coordination Degree Assessment Model for Regional Industrial Water Utilization Structure." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3343.
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More reasonable management for water resources use may be critical to survive water crisis and realize sustainable development of urban-water system. This work attempts to set up a assessment model for regional industrial water utilization structure based on synergetics theory and grey method. In this model, both economic benefit and environmental effect are considered.
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Cubillo, Francisco. "Looking for efficiency through integrated water management between agriculture and urban uses." Water Supply 10, no. 4 (September 1, 2010): 584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2010.154.
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Many urban water systems must cope with water scarcity and climate change and additionally they must be able to fulfil the objectives of environmental protection, efficiency and sustainability. At the end they must provide the expected level of service now and in the future horizons. Some new comprehensive approaches are assessing the total water footprint in a territory using the concept of virtual water and incorporating interactions between agriculture, urban and industrial uses. Besides this broader method of analysis it is important to go further and make analysis of opportunities for efficiency based on a new paradigm of integrated use of water. Investing in improvement of efficiency not only in urban distribution systems, studying the possibilities of permanent or temporal reallocation of water rights from agriculture to urban. Establishing agreements for interchange of raw water for urban regenerated water. Signing options contracts for water trading under drought conditions. Risk of shortage is the factor to complete the framework and it is a key component to review and to manage
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Pareek, N. K. "Industrial Wastewater Management in Developing Countries." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0011.
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Most developing countries around the globe are striving hard for a fast economic growth and associated industrialization. As a result, numerous industries are emerging mostly in the urban areas of developing countries. The wastewater, which is an obvious byproduct of all industries, receives lower priority in developing countries. The plant designer and supplier normally provide an in-built pollution control system for new industries. The peripheral facilities, like wastewater treatment, suffer due to limited financial resources. In addition, other factors such as lack of experience in operation, management and plant repairs, lack of spare parts, frequent shortage of power/fuel, lack of end products disposal facilities, social and political reasons contribute to inadequate wastewater management in developing countries. Absence of industrial effluent standards and corresponding legislation for enforcing them are common in developing countries. Environmental impact assessment studies for the industrial growth are commonly not carried out in developing countries. Public awareness against pollution is also at a low profile in developing countries. The industrial wastewater problems in developing countries are discussed in this paper with some typical examples. The critical appraisal of the industrial wastewater management situation in developing countries is concluded by recommendations for the course of action.
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Ding, Yi Fan, De Shan Tang, Yu Hang Wei, and Yi Xiang Sun. "Naturalization Design of Urban Water Landscape." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1559.
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Urban rivers have always been the foundation of urban development. In the industrial era, many countries, including China, have experienced the painful lessons of environmental pollution. From the human-water relationship study date back to ancient time, we know that there is urgent need for the reversal of this negative human impact. The naturalization design of urban water landscape requires (1) use the advanced science and technology in project planning, design, construction and management; (2) save the project investment, speed up the progress and guarantee the project quality; (3) suitable for bio-lived and multiplied and for the survival needs of the organism after river training. When conducting the urban river landscape design, we should plan and design carefully based on natural and ecological principles, and the aim is not only visually pleasing, but also ecologically sustainable.
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Liu, Ariane, Damien Giurco, and Pierre Mukheibir. "Advancing household water-use feedback to inform customer behaviour for sustainable urban water." Water Supply 17, no. 1 (July 26, 2016): 198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2016.119.
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Sustainable water management is increasingly essential in an age characterised by rapid population growth, urban and industrial development and climate change. Opportunities to promote conservation and water-use efficiencies remain attractive in directly reducing water demand. Smart water metering and the provision of detailed water-use feedback to consumers present exciting new opportunities for improved urban water management. This paper explores two smart water metering trials in New South Wales, Australia, which provided household water consumption feedback via (i) paper end-use reports and (ii) an online portal. This combination enabled a deeper exploration of the various impacts of detailed feedback enabled via smart water metering. The positive effects uncovered by the research present an important opportunity for smart water metering feedback to contribute towards more sustainable urban water management. Their summary contributes empirical evidence on the impacts for water utilities considering embarking on the smart water metering journey with their customers. The identification of future research and policy needs sets an agenda for smart water metering to promote a sustainable digital urban water future. Larger-scale trials are now required and utilities should integrate the design and plans for scalable advanced feedback programs at the outset of smart meter implementations.
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Li, Kebai, Samlali Hajar, Zhilei Ding, Tom Dooling, Guo Wei, Chenke Hu, Yuting Zhang, and Kaiyi Zhang. "Dynamic optimization of input production factors for urban industrial water supply and demand management." Journal of Environmental Management 270 (September 2020): 110807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110807.
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Dou, Ming, Yaxin Shi, and Guiqiu Li. "Optimized urban water security regulation schemes driven by industrial development pattern." Water Policy 21, no. 3 (March 21, 2019): 676–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.198.
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Abstract In recent years, water crisis caused by human activities has attracted much more attention from the public, and the water security problem has become a hot spot in the world. In this paper, applying the theory of system dynamics, a system dynamic model for urban water cycle was developed to simulate the conversion and consumption processes of water resources between a regional social system and water system. To improve the guarantee capacity of water security, three types of industrial development patterns were designed. Moreover, an optimization model for water security regulation schemes was developed. Based on simulation of the key indexes on regional water security status, the value of water security degree was evaluated under different industrial development patterns, and the optimal scheme obtained according to these assessment results. Results from investigation and research in Zhengzhou City, China found that all seven regulation schemes could increase water security degree to different extents; and water security degree of the schemes with compound patterns was higher than the schemes with a single pattern. Scheme 7 was recommended as the ideal scheme for Zhengzhou City.
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Wang, Yurong, Linyuan Li, Wentao He, Xinli Zhang, Xuanjin Li, Xiang Li, and Hongying Li. "Application of networked water balance model in refined management of steel industrial park." Water Supply 22, no. 3 (December 23, 2021): 2533–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.449.
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Abstract Water shortages have become a major constraint on China's industrial development. Iron and steel industrial parks have a huge demand for water resources and complex production technologies. Therefore, it is very important to study the distribution, transfer and loss of water resources in industrial parks in order to improve the ability to refine water resources management. The purpose of this study was to reveal the water flow in industrial parks by using the principle of water balance and to provide a method for quantification and characteristic recognition of water resources in industrial production processes. In this research, an iron and steel industrial park in North China was chosen as the case study. In order to calculate the water balance of the whole steel production processes, the industrial park was divided into four levels and 110 water units according to the pipe network system and production processes. Based on the results of multi-level and multi-node water balance, this paper analyzed the water intake structure and water consumption structure of industrial parks, and provided the methods to optimize the allocation of water resources and reduce the consumption of fresh water in industrial production processes. The results of the study showed that the energy department accounted for 60.8% of the total water withdrawal of the industrial park. There were 6,249 m3/day of fresh water in the industrial park, which could be replaced by reclaimed water from urban sewage. Evaporation and pipe network leakage were the main water consumption factors in the steel park, which contributed 91.3% of the water consumption. Under the guidance of the research results, the evaporation water consumption of the industrial park was reduced by 8,412 m3/day, and pipe leakage was reduced by 600 m3/day. This article demonstrates the application of the water balance principle in complex water use systems, which is helpful for water resources management based on water use processes.
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ZHANG, Xi, and Mohammadreza KAMALI. "Guest Editorial. Water Supply and Wastewater Management in Modern and Smart Cities." Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning SI, no. 9 (June 1, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jsspsi.01.wswmmss.
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Water is the basis of modern societies. However, population growth and rapid urbanization on the one hand, and anthropogenic activities, on the other hand, have considerably contributed to the scarcity of clean water resources. Hence, modern and smart cities have to develop sustainable tools and technologies for providing clean water resources and treat the generated effluents from the various industrial and non-industrial origins to satisfy the sustainability and circular economy goals. In this regard, a wide range of interdisciplinary knowledge is needed to investigate various aspects including site selection and designing modern (waste)water treatment facilities. Therefore, studies are welcome to design modern and smart cities or to modify the conventional infrastructures in the existing urban areas.
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Leigh, Nancey, and Heonyeong Lee. "Sustainable and Resilient Urban Water Systems: The Role of Decentralization and Planning." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 12, 2019): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030918.
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Urban water systems face multiple challenges related to future uncertainty and pressures to provide more sustainable and resilient modes of service delivery. Transitioning away from fully centralized water systems is seen as a primary solution to addressing these urban challenges and pressures. We first review the literature on advantages, potential risks, and impediments to change associated with decentralized water system. Our review suggests that adopting decentralized solutions may advance conditions of sustainability and resilience in urban water management. We then explore the potential to incorporate decentralized water systems into broader urban land use patterns that include underserved residential neighborhoods, mixed-use developments, and industrial districts.
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Chowdhury, Nasima Tanveer. "Water management in Bangladesh: an analytical review." Water Policy 12, no. 1 (November 1, 2009): 32–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.112.
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Water management in Bangladesh is a critical issue owing to growing demand and increasing conflict between alternative uses. Demand for water is growing rapidly in agriculture mainly from irrigation for cereal production, the urban and industrial sector, fishery, inland navigation and salinity control. The supply of clean and uncontaminated water has fallen far short of demand owing to inadequate flows in the Ganges, pollution caused by the disposal of effluents and chemicals, salinity intrusion in the coastal area and arsenic contamination. Further, the availability of freshwater is highly seasonal depending on the presence and duration of the monsoon. The incidence of both flood and drought in a yearly cycle profoundly affects river morphology. This paper identifies various geographic, socioeconomic and environmental factors that shape the water management issues of Bangladesh. The paper mainly concerns the status and trend of these issues.
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Paraskevas, P. A., D. L. Giokas, and T. D. Lekkas. "Wastewater management in coastal urban areas: the case of Greece." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 8 (October 1, 2002): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0174.
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The continuously increasing quantities of municipal and industrial wastewater discharged into the sea environment degrade the quality of the water. In this paper, the recent technologies are evaluated, and the practices recommended for the wastewater treatment in coastal urban areas are analyzed, with respect to the requirements of the EU legislation. Also the principles for the disposal of the treated wastewater are discussed. Finally, a brief review of the current situation of wastewater management in Greece is given, regarding the treatment strategies previously presented.
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Ding, Xuhui, Zhu Fu, and Hongwen Jia. "Study on Urbanization Level, Urban Primacy and Industrial Water Utilization Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 21, 2019): 6571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236571.
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Considering the undesirable output, this paper adopted the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model with the slack variable and super efficiency improvement, to measure industrial water utilization efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The paper also creatively introduces urbanization level and urban primacy into driver factors’ estimation by stochastic and fixed Tobit models, exploring how urbanization characteristics affected the water utilization in regional industrial production. The results showed that industrial water efficiency has maintained an upward trend during the whole period, while most central and western provinces have shown a U-shaped trend of decreasing first and then rising. However, the industrial water utilization efficiency of central regions is the lowest, and the eastern regions are the highest, catching up with western regions. Utilization efficiency shows an overall convergence during the research period from 2005 to 2017. Regarding the factors’ estimation, both population urbanization and land urbanization negatively affected industrial water utilization efficiency, particularly blind expansion and disorderly development. The urban primacy meant the unbalance of urbanization, which would lead to urban diseases and pollution transfer, while the effects of urban primacy depended on the urbanization level. However, the utilization efficiency of industrial water did not become better automatically along with urbanization development; therefore, the scale and speed of urbanization should be scientifically formulated. The effects of the level of economic development, the advanced industrial structure, and the level of foreign investment are significantly negative.
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Hwang, Kyoyoung, Thorsten Schuetze, and Fabrizio Amoruso. "Flood Resilient and Sustainable Urban Regeneration Using the Example of an Industrial Compound Conversion in Seoul, South Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 27, 2020): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030918.
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The objective of this study was to illustrate the urban flood resilience and sustainability improvement potential by integration of decentralized water management systems in sustainable urban regeneration projects. This paper discusses sustainable and resilient urban regeneration potentials using the example of an industrial compound (ICs) conversion in Seoul, South Korea. Urban flood vulnerability has been a concern globally due to land use changes, limited capacity of existing stormwater management infrastructures and the effects of climate change. Due to their comparably low building density, ICs can effectively contribute to the separation and decentralized retention and infiltration of stormwater. However, no sustainable and resilient conversion examples of ICs have been realized in Seoul so far. After identification of a representative IC, its exemplary sustainable conversion with implementation of decentralized water management infrastructures were designed. The rainwater collection, retention and infiltration system was dimensioned in order to create a stormwater discharge-free property. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the improvement potentials before and after the conversion unveiled that this conversion contributes also to the improvement of the neighborhoods’ sustainability, spatial quality and resilience to disasters. The research results are transferable to other urban ICs and are a good practice example for sustainable and resilient regeneration of existing urban districts.
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Rasch, P. S., N. Ipsen, A. Malmgren-Hansen, and B. Mogensen. "Linking integrated water resources management and integrated coastal zone management." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 11 (June 1, 2005): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0409.
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Some of the world's most valuable aquatic ecosystems such as deltas, lagoons and estuaries are located in the coastal zone. However, the coastal zone and its aquatic ecosystems are in many places under environmental stress from human activities. About 50% of the human population lives within 200 km of the coastline, and the population density is increasing every day. In addition, the majority of urban centres are located in the coastal zone. It is commonly known that there are important linkages between the activities in the upstream river basins and the environment conditions in the downstream coastal zones. Changes in river flows, e.g. caused by irrigation, hydropower and water supply, have changed salinity in estuaries and lagoons. Land use changes, such as intensified agricultural activities and urban and industrial development, cause increasing loads of nutrients and a variety of chemicals resulting in considerable adverse impacts in the coastal zones. It is recognised that the solution to such problems calls for an integrated approach. Therefore, the terms Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) are increasingly in focus on the international agenda. Unfortunately, the concepts of IWRM and ICZM are mostly being developed independently from each other by separate management bodies using their own individual approaches and tools. The present paper describes how modelling tools can be used to link IWRM and ICZM. It draws a line from the traditional sectoral use of models for the Istanbul Master Planning and assessment of the water quality and ecological impact in the Bosphorus Strait and the Black Sea 10 years ago, to the most recent use of models in a Water Framework Directive (WFD) context for one of the selected Pilot River Basins in Denmark used for testing of the WFD Guidance Documents.
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A, C. C. Ezeabasili, L. Anike O, and Okonkwo A U. "Management of urban water for domestic and industrial uses and sustainability in Anambra State, Nigeria." International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering 6, no. 8 (August 31, 2014): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ijwree2013.0441.
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van Lier, Jules B., and Gatze Lettinga. "Appropriate Technologies for Effective Management of Industrial and Domestic Waste Waters: The Decentralised Approach." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 7 (October 1, 1999): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0355.
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The increasing scarcity of clean water sets the need for appropriate management of available water resources. Particularly regions suffering from a lack of water urgently need integrated environmental protection and resource conservation (EP&RC) technologies in order to enable effective management of the available water resources. EP&RC-concepts focus on a minimum of consumptive use of energy, chemicals, and water and a maximum of reuse of treated wastewater and of residues produced from the pollutants present in the wastewater. Consequently, by implementing these concepts, instead of a social threat, waste(water)s like sewage and industrial effluents become an important resource for water, fertilisers, soil conditioners and to some extent also energy. In addition, a bridge is made between environmental protection and agriculture practice, stimulating (urban) agriculture in the neighbourhood of large cities. Anaerobic treatment is considered as the core technology for mineralising organic compounds in waste(water) streams. Additional technologies are required to comply with the reuse criteria. Some examples of possible EP&RC concepts, using the anaerobic treatment technology for the reclamation of domestic sewage are discussed.
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Liu, Jialin, Fangyan Cheng, Yi Zhu, Qun Zhang, Qing Song, and Xinhong Cui. "Urban Land-Use Type Influences Summertime Water Quality in Small- and Medium-Sized Urban Rivers: A Case Study in Shanghai, China." Land 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11040511.
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(1) Background: Small- and medium-sized rivers in urban areas are unique environments that serve as blue-green corridors for urban residents. The relationship between land-use types and water quality in these rivers provides important information for effectively addressing urban river restoration and pollution management. However, not much attention has been paid on these small- and medium-sized rivers, especially in large urban agglomerations with dense river networks. (2) Methods: This study undertook a field investigation on 130 sampling small- and medium-sized rivers during the late summer and applied data-driven water quality index and landscape analysis techniques to evaluate the direct impacts of riparian land-use types on the summertime water quality in Shanghai’s small- and medium-sized rivers. Riparian land-use types were derived from OpenStreetMap (OSM) datasets, including industrial, commercial, residential, and green spaces. (3) Results: Residential and green space are located closer to these sampled rivers than industrial and commercial land types, suggesting a tentative link between anthropogenic activities and water quality. Further analysis concluded that urban resident settlements, characterized by specific land-use types, DMSP-OLS nighttime lights, OSM road density, and OSM river density, strongly affected the water quality at the sub-catchment scale. We further determined the critical radii for impacts of land use types on urban rivers. Industrial types may influence water quality within a maximum radius of 5 km, followed by green space (4 km), residential areas (3 km), and commercial developments (2 km). These mathematically and statistically computed radii provide updated visions for river health assessment. For a specific land-use type, the assessed water quality index will be biased by using an assessment area with a radius higher or lower than the above-estimated radii. The study also quantified the spatial extent and transmission efficiency of non-point source pollution in a super built-up area of central Shanghai. We observed that contaminants transported by river pathways can reach a larger area than those transported by roads. (4) Conclusions: The high-quality environments in small- and medium-sized rivers are tightly linked to riparian landscape patterns. It is therefore urgent to control domestic pollutions as part of the restoration of megacity’s urban rivers and grapple with the complex challenges of risks to water supply. This study elaborates the importance of integrating land-use planning and water-quality management to maintain the functions and services of small- and medium-sized urban rivers.
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Chen, Shan-Mei, Yu-Ming Wu, and Lei Yang. "Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process for the selection of wastewater reuse targets." Management Decision 52, no. 7 (August 12, 2014): 1222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2012-0794.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the principles on how to reuse the reclaimed wastewater in urban areas and furthermore, to determine appropriate reuse targets and optimize the selection of reuse targets on wastewater. Design/methodology/approach – Use Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to suggest the assessment criteria and subject weights of wastewater reuse. Candidate reclaimed wastewater reuse targets in this study includes “agriculture irrigation,” “industrial use,” “environmental use,” “urban use,” “groundwater recharge,” “life-use water,” and “infusion reservoir.” Findings – The analysis results of the pairwise comparison of the water targets under different assessment criteria level show that in all water targets, agriculture irrigation is more important than industrial use under the “public acceptance” at first. Then, the order results were used to suggest the future wastewater reuse targets under different assessment criteria levels and conducted an acceptance survey on the people of the urban areas. Originality/value – The results of this study can be a useful information for the system analysis of wastewater reclamation and reuse.
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Zhu, Senlin, Abazar Mostafaei, Wenguang Luo, Benyou Jia, and Jiangyu Dai. "Assessing water quality for urban tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 9, no. 1 (May 14, 2018): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2018.010.
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Abstract Water quality assessment is essential for water resources management. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of water quality conditions in three urban tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI) and Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI) approach were used in this study. Generally, the assessment results of the NPI approach are consistent with that of the CCME-WQI approach. However, the NPI method overemphasized the influence of the most serious pollutant factor, and thus this method should be used with caution for water resources managers. The CCME-WQI values indicated that the water quality conditions in the Wubu River were quite good during the period 2013–2015. Water quality conditions in the upstream sections of Yipin and Huaxi River are good. However, when the river drains through urban areas, water quality conditions greatly deteriorate due to the excessive release of household and municipal sewage, and industrial wastewater, especially for Huaxi River. Thus, waste water management becomes more and more imperative in urban regions of China. Meanwhile, assessment results indicate that the CCME-WQI approach can provide a reference for decision-makers on water resources management.
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Wang, Na, and Yongrok Choi. "Challenges for Sustainable Water Use in the Urban Industry of Korea Based on the Global Non-Radial Directional Distance Function Model." Sustainability 11, no. 14 (July 17, 2019): 3895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11143895.
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Since water stress and industrial water pollution pose a huge threat to South Korea’s sustainable water use, it is an urgent task to assess industrial water green use efficiency (GUEIW). Based on the global non-radial directional distance function (GNDDF) model, this paper calculated GUEIW in 16 Korean local governments from 2006 to 2015 using two decomposition indicators: Economic efficiency of industrial water use (ECEIW) and environmental efficiency of industrial water use (ENEIW). The growth of GUEIW is mainly driven by ECEIW, and subsequent environmental problems are obstacles to achieving green use of Korean industrial water. The regional heterogeneity of GUEIW is so important that the downstream region outperformed the upstream region in all three indicators. The government’s efforts to ensure water quality inhibits industrial development in upstream areas, where incomes are much lower than in downstream areas, and downstream industrial areas have to pay upstream industrial areas extra for water. However, regarding upstream industrial areas, low prices easily promote water waste. Because of relatively high water use costs, downstream producers are encouraged to save water. To improve the economic efficiency of industrial water use in upstream areas, advanced water technology should be developed or introduced to make full use of water resources in industrial production.
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Viavattene, C., and J. B. Ellis. "The management of urban surface water flood risks: SUDS performance in flood reduction from extreme events." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.537.
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The need to improve the urban drainage network to meet recent urban growth and the redevelopment of old industrial and commercial areas provides an opportunity for managing urban surface water infrastructure in a more sustainable way. The use of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) can reduce urban surface water flooding as well as the pollution impact of urban discharges on receiving waters. However, these techniques are not yet well known by many stakeholders involved in the decision-making process, or at least the evidence of their performance effectiveness may be doubted compared with more traditional engineering solutions often promoted by existing 1D/2D drainage models. The use of geographic information systems (GIS) in facilitating the inter-related risk analysis of sewer surface water overflows and urban flooding as well as in better communication with stakeholders is demonstrated in this paper. An innovative coupled 1D/2D urban sewer/overland flow model has been developed and tested in conjunction with a SUDS selection and location tool (SUDSLOC) to enable a robust management approach to surface water flood risks and to improve the resilience of the urban drainage infrastructure. The paper demonstrates the numerical and modelling basis of the integrated 1D/2D and SUDSLOC approach and the working assumptions and flexibility of the application together with some limitations and uncertainties. The role of the SUDSLOC modelling component in quantifying flow, and surcharge reduction benefits arising from the strategic selection and location of differing SUDS controls are also demonstrated for an extreme storm event scenario.
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Zhu, Demi, and Ya-Ju Chang. "Urban water security assessment in the context of sustainability and urban water management transitions: An empirical study in Shanghai." Journal of Cleaner Production 275 (December 2020): 122968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122968.
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Lamprom, Wanjai, Surasak Jotaworn, Nuttakit Iamsomboon, Pimnapat Bhumkittipich, Issara Siramaneerat, and Anong Rukwong. "Exploration of wastewater management behavior for enhancing water conservation in urban area, Thailand." AIMS Environmental Science 9, no. 1 (2022): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022005.
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<abstract> <p>While millions of people around the world die from natural water infections per day because of insufficient wastewater collection systems to cover all communities, 80 percent of used water is still released to the river in Thailand nowadays. As a result, the wastewater management (WWM) behavior of people is critical to water conservation. WWM, on the other hand, was fraught with high expenses and inconvenient installation, and earlier research had paid little attention to it. Thus, this research aims to study the socio-economic, cognition, opinions, and perception of information factors for analysis further of the factors affecting the WWM of people in urban areas, Thailand. This study applied multiple regression analysis from questionnaires survey of nine communities in Krathum Baen municipality, Samut Sakhon Province which is a semi-industrial area, crowded settlement, and risen wastewater unexpectedly along the Tha Chin River. The findings reveal that people in study areas have a moderate level of cognition and opinion toward WWM behavior. Perception of information was the best variable to describe the people's WWM behaviors in urban areas. Addressing the empirical results could contribute to water conservation planning, people engagement, and appropriately promoting WWM behaviors related to urban people.</p> </abstract>
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Harlov-Csortán, Melinda. "Transformation of former socialist industrial landscapes in Budapest." Urbana - Urban Affairs & Public Policy XXII, no. 2021 (November 30, 2021): 104–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47785/urbana.9.2021.
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Budapest, the capital of Hungary, used to host numerous and diverse types of industrial activities. Their imprints on the urban fabric became especially significant during the socialist period due to the top-down decision of transferring the profile of the country from agricultural to industrial. They were realized in factories, management buildings, at huge areas supporting transport of goods on water or by trains. Moreover, districts were dedicated to the industrial workers and incorporated education, health and leisure services as well. Since the political change in 1989, most of these factories and organizations shrank then completely stopped to operate, but their premises have experienced a more varied after-life. The text introduces examples for almost entire physical elimination, complete functional change and even continuous musealizations of former industrial sites in Budapest. The investigation is based on the analysis of diverse written documents (such as policies, scientific evaluations and media coverage) as well as on-site research. Through the case study analyses from Budapest, Hungary that focus on the period between 1989 and 2016, the paper identifies general approaches of urbanization in the post-socialist time regarding to former industrial sites and the major challenges that threaten the valuation of these tangible and intangible reminiscences of the past.
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Xu, Wenjie, Xiaoping Zhang, Yujing Cui, Tao Tian, Lijun Lin, and Yuyu Liu. "Study on Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Water Resource Vulnerability." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 31, 2022): 4149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074149.
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An evaluation index system of urban water resource vulnerability was constructed to objectively reflect the sustainable development capacity of water resources and provide reference for the construction of sustainable development cities. The improved analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method were adopted to determine the combined index weights to achieve a unification of subjectivity and objectivity and make the calculation more accurate and reliable. A comprehensive evaluation method was used to build the water resource vulnerability evaluation model. The annual water resource vulnerability index and vulnerability grade were calculated and determined. The results showed that the water resource vulnerability index of Jinan showed a fluctuant trend from 2008 to 2017. The annual vulnerability grade was severe, moderate, or mild vulnerability, and there was a gradual reduction in vulnerability overall, which was consistent with the actual situation. In the future, the water resource vulnerability grade will be reduced if the industrial structure can be further reformed and optimized, and the level of water resource management and the utilization efficiency of water resources can be further improved by strengthening the construction of smart water systems.
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Bacal, Petru, and Nicolae Boboc. "Economic and Financial Aspects of Water Management in the Dniester Basin (The Sector of the Republic of Moldova)." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pesd-2015-0002.
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Abstract The main topics presented in this paper are following:1 Essence and the tools of the economic mechanism of management of water resources; 2 Taxes on water consumption; 3 Tariffs for services of water supply and sewerage; 4 administrative penalties for infringements of use and protection of water resources; 5 The grants for the rational use and protection of water. In the Dniester Basin have been concentrated the majority of water resources, of urban, industrial and agricultural centers. Thus, this basin holds over 90% of water consumption, most of which are captured from surface sources and used by industrial enterprises from the left bank of Dniester, especially by Thermoelectric Plant (TEP) from Dnestrovsk. On the right bank of Dniester it is noted communal enterprises, agricultural and food industry, and in most of the localities water is captured from groundwater sources. Actual amount of water tax is very low, which conditioned the increased of water consumption and irrational use of these limited resources
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Zhang, Cheng-Yao, and Taikan Oki. "Optimal Multi-Sectoral Water Resources Allocation Based on Economic Evaluation Considering the Environmental Flow Requirements: A Case Study of Yellow River Basin." Water 13, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 2253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13162253.
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Competitions and disputes between various human water sectors and environmental flow of the river are exacerbated due to the rapid growth of the economy in Yellow River basin as well as the limited supply of available water resources in recent decades. It is necessary to implement rational and effective management and allocation to alleviate the pressure of water shortage. In order to promote economic development and maintain the ecological balance of the river, both the water allocation to the river environmental system and different human needs should be of concern when making the allocation polices. This study developed a water allocation model based on Nash–Harsanyi bargaining game theory for optimal water resources allocation among agricultural, industrial, domestic, public, and urban ecological water (watering for urban green space) sectors while ensuring the environmental flow requirements of lower reaches. A comprehensive economic evaluation framework is built to assess the economic benefits of different water uses that were taken as the basis of water allocation model. The annual environmental base flow is 7.50 billion m3 in the lower reaches of Yellow River. Moreover, the optimal annual allocations for agricultural, industrial, domestic, public, and urban ecological water use sectors are estimated as 33.7, 6.42, 3.96, 1.75 and 2.68 billion m3, respectively.
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Shi, Sha, Xueting Tao, Xiaona Chen, Hao Chen, Arniza Fitri, and Xiaojia Yang. "Evaluation of urban water security based on DPSIR model." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 880, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/880/1/012023.
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Abstract Assessment of urban water security is an important scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of urban water resources. This study established an evaluation model for urban water security based on DPSIR model, entropy method and comprehensive index method. The model was applied to Gong Qingcheng City (GQCC) in Jiangxi Province, China. An indicator system is developed based on four aspects including social development, water resources status, water pollution and water resources management, as well as summing up predecessors’ experience. This study analysed per capita domestic water consumption; ratio of ecological water compensation; percentage of water conservancy and public infrastructure investment; and water consumption per ten thousand yuan of industrial output value; where ratio of urban sewage treatment are the main effects on urban water security. The results of single index evaluation show that the change of stress subsystem was most dramatic from 2013 to 2017, while others were relatively stable. This indicates that positive interventions were urgently needed to relieve pressure of the stress subsystem. The results of comprehensive index evaluation show that water security at GQCC was in a critical state. In this paper, the causal relationship between social development and water security was clarified while the main factors and other factors affecting urban water security was identified. Finally, a reference for the formulation of urban development planning based on water resources demand was provided.
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Alsaluli, Abdullah, Abdullahi Ahmed, and John Davies. "Public engagement in integrated urban water management in Saudi Arabia: teachers' perceptions in relation to water awareness." Water Supply 15, no. 4 (April 2, 2015): 871–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2015.006.
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This paper presents an overview of interpretative analysis of a survey to evaluate the potential for public engagement/ positive public participation in integrated urban water management (IUWM) in Saudi Arabia. The research targeted different stakeholders to investigate the current practices and visions, in order to determine the extent to which IUWM could be enhanced by positive stakeholder participation and public awareness. The paper concentrates on teachers'/schools' perspectives; even though the wider study investigates the views of a number of key public stakeholder groups within Saudi society, all of the selected stakeholder groups have a public interface within the selected section of society. Data collection was through in-person administering of hardcopy questionnaires in Riyadh, Jeddah and Albaha, collecting responses from a wide range of stakeholder groups, including teachers, policy makers, water professionals and managers, environmental managers, technical practitioners and engineers, industrial managers, lecturers and researchers, and from the general public. This paper presents initial findings of questionnaire responses of teachers in 60 schools (one teacher for each school), relating to teachers' perception of students' awareness level of water issues and the potential role of schools in raising levels of awareness and engagement.
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Donia, Noha, Eleni Manoli, and D. Assimacopoulos. "Modelling the urban water system of Alexandria using the Aquacycle model." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2013.013.
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As in other cities in Egypt, water demand in the metropolitan area of Alexandria is rapidly increasing over time, as a result of urban expansion, amelioration of living standards and industrial development. As the River Nile is the main source of freshwater supply, concerns arise regarding a potential reduction in Alexandria's allocation quota, which could affect population growth at the national level, agricultural development plans and water demand increase in the upstream areas. In this context, demand management and diversification of urban water supply are gradually gaining momentum among local authorities. The transition to a new paradigm for urban water management, including closed-loop systems at different levels to meet increasing water demands, has been the focus of a recent research effort, within the framework of the European-Commission-funded SWITCH Integrated Project. One relevant activity, whose results are presented in this study, concerned the development of an urban water balance model for the metropolitan area of Alexandria. The model, which was created using the Aquacycle software package, was further used for the preliminary assessment of decentralised solutions at different spatial scales, in order to evaluate their application potential and effectiveness in reducing freshwater imports to and wastewater outflows from the city.
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Gravalos, Ioannis, Avgoustinos Avgousti, Theodoros Gialamas, Nikolaos Alfieris, and Georgios Paschalidis. "A robotic irrigation system for urban gardening and agriculture." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 50, no. 4 (November 27, 2019): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2019.966.
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Water supply limits and continued population growth have intensified the search for measures to conserve water in urban gardening and agriculture. The efficiency of water use is depended on performance of the irrigation technologies and management practices. In this study, a robotic irrigation system was developed that consists of a moving bridge manipulator and a sensor-based platform. The manipulator constructed is partly using open-source components and software, and is easily reconfigurable and extendable. In combination to the sensor-based platform this custommade manipulator has the potential to monitor the soil water content (SWC) in real time. The irrigation robotic system was tested in an experimental soil tank. The total surface of the soil tank was divided by a raster into 18 equal quadrants. The water management for maintaining water content in the soil tank within tolerable lower limit (refill point) was based on three irrigation treatments: i) quadrants whose SWC is below the refill point are irrigated; ii) quadrants are irrigated only when the daily mean SWC of the tank is below the refill point and only for those whose actual SWC is lower than that limit; and iii) quadrants are irrigated every two days with constant amount of water. A comparison of the results of the three irrigation treatments showed that the second treatment gave less irrigation events and less applied water. Finally, we could conclude that the performance of the fabricated robotic system is appropriate and it could play an important role in achieving sustainable irrigation into urban food systems.
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Yin, Qi, Hong Tang, Ruiping Ran, and Zhanli Sun. "Supporting capacity and structural optimization of water resources in the oasis city of Urumqi, China." Water Policy 20, no. 6 (August 9, 2018): 1112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.192.
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Abstract Water scarcity has been the main restraint factor for the development of oasis cities around the world. Urumqi, a typical oasis city in arid northwestern China, is facing an increasing water shortage with rapid development over the past decades. In this paper, we use a system dynamics method and multi-scenario simulation to predict the water-resource demand and the supporting capacity of water resources for the urban development of Urumqi under different scenarios. The results show that existing water resources can hardly meet the needs of urban development. Even if water transfer and saving projects are adopted, in the medium and high-speed development scenarios, there will still be a large water deficit in Urumqi in 2030. Also, to relieve the constraint of water resources on urban development, both water-use structure and industrial structure should be optimized. It is suggested that the demands of ecological water and domestic water are given a primary guarantee; that the proportion of industrial water should significantly increase while drastically decreasing the proportion of agricultural water; that the development of secondary industry should be strengthened while reducing the proportion of primary industry; and, finally, restriction placed on high-water-consuming industry while encouraging low- and medium-water-consuming industries.
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Kenway, S. J., P. Lant, and T. Priestley. "Quantifying water–energy links and related carbon emissions in cities." Journal of Water and Climate Change 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2011.005.
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To date, key water–energy connections have not been systematically quantified. Nor has their potential for contributing to greenhouse gas mitigation been evaluated. Lack of knowledge of these links, particularly within cities, is viewed as a major limitation to energy-sensitive urban water management and integrated urban design. This paper fills part of this void. The key contribution is a new conceptual model coupled with a systematic review of the connections of influence. Drawing on Australian and international data, the results provide a structured estimate of water-related energy use and associated emissions in a hypothetical city of 1,000,000 people. This demonstrates that water-related energy use accounts for 13% of total electricity and 18% of the natural gas used by the population in the average case. This represents 9% of the total primary energy demand within Australia or 8% of total national territorial greenhouse gas emissions. Residential, industrial and commercial water-related energy use constitutes 86% of water-related greenhouse gas emissions. We conclude that urban water is a significant and overlooked lever that could significantly influence urban energy consumption.
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Mshelia, Alfred Dika. "Appraisal Of Cottage Industrial Solid Waste Management Practices In Mubi Metropolis, Nigeria." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 9 (September 30, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss9.427.
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The study examines cottage industrial solid waste management practices in Mubi Metropolis where the generation and management were dominantly the focal points. Collection of data was largely based on reconnaissance and questionnaire surveys. The survey administered a set of questionnaire to 124 cottage firms, where data collected were summarized and presented in form of percentages and tables. Consequently, descriptive and quantitative statistical analysis for valid decision making was employed. Analysis however reveals the major types of cottage firms as grain polishing or husk removal, furniture making, bakery, flour mills, water packaging and brick/block industry, where findings shows waste generated by them being peculiar to what they produce, as saw dust, grain husk, charcoal and ashes pure water bags and brick/block rubbles. Some of the waste generated are reusable and are sold as animal feed or given out to people for free which is dumped on farmland as soil amend. Concerted cottage industrial waste reuse or recycling which partly forms the cornerstones to shrinking the overwhelming urban waste problem in the area is ardently recommended.
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Wilderer, P. A. "Applying sustainable water management concepts in rural and urban areas: some thoughts about reasons, means and needs." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 7 (April 1, 2004): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0403.
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Serving the world population with adequate drinking water and sanitation is an important prerequisite, not only to hygienic safety, but to prosperity and political stability as well, and will foster the adaptive capacity of the societies in the developing countries and beyond. To avoid hygienic and political disasters impacting the world economy, investment in water supply and sanitation must urgently be made. Whether the classical system of urban water supply and sanitation is appropriate to satisfy the needs of the developing world, however, and whether this system meets the general criteria of sustainability is questionable. The costs and the time needed for installation of sewers and wastewater treatment plants are tremendous. In water shortage areas, the amount of tap water required to transport pollutants to the treatment plant is hardly affordable. Recovery and re-introduction of valuable substances, including water, into the urban cycle of materials is impossible because of mixing and dilution effects inherent in the system. Decentralized water and wastewater management should be seriously taken into account as an alternative. Source separation of specific fractions of domestic and industrial wastewater, separate treatment of these fractions and recovery of water and raw materials including fertilizer and energy are the main characteristics of modern high-tech on-site treatment/reuse systems. Mass production of the key components of the system could reduce the costs of the treatment units to a reasonable level. On-site units could be installed independently of the development stage of the urban sewer system. In conjunction with building new housing complexes a stepwise improvement of the hygienic situation in urban and peri-urban areas could be achieved, therefore. Remote control of the satellite systems using modern telecommunication methods would allow reliable operation, and comfort for the users. Intensive research is required, however, to develop this system and bring it to a standard allowing efficient application worldwide.
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Kushwaha, Ar Dilip Singh. "Water Management Issues in Indian Cities: Case Study of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40186.
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Abstract: Urban development has a substantial role for depleting and polluting surface water sources along with contamination of ground water sources. It creates several uncertain circumstances due to reduction in quantity of water and this land become barren on surfaces. As a result, people started to encroach it, which further impact on water bodies in undesirable way. These water bodies are anguish due to continuous pollution and change the way of treatment of urban water bodies, even government also converted these water bodies and rivers in to drain and area for dumping garbage. These are also miss used by local communities for many purposes like open defecations, occasionally these are used for immersion of idol due to lack of facilities and other reasons too. Besides all of these Industrial effluents, run off from nearest agricultural fields, refuse from sewage and other domestic wastes provide a nice platform for eutrophication. (http://spaenvis.nic.in/index1.aspx?) Now everyone is worried about the potential water scarcity in the face of increasing, mainly population-driven, water demands, and its consequences on our energy and food production. The Over 900 recognized professionals conducted a survey for under the heading “Global Risk Perception Survey”, it is directed by the World Economic Forum. They found that reports that the highest level of common impact over the next 10 years will be from water crises. (http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risks_2015_Report15). So, this paper is an attempt to see challenges in Indian fast-growing cities and how we can manage water resource those are engulfed by rapid urbanization. Principally focused on the depleted source and characterize their conditions. Keywords: Urban Water Bodies, Water management, Water Crisis, Urbanization, Globalization, Indian Cities, Gwalior.
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Groot, Rebecca, and Mucahid Mustafa Bayrak. "Achieving water security in peri-urban Yangon: exploring the local governance processes." Water Policy 21, no. 5 (August 2, 2019): 980–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.058.
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Abstract Many cities in the Global South lack the capacity to provide water security to their inhabitants. Peri-urban areas are especially vulnerable to water insecurity. This study concerns the impact of (good) governance on water security among formal and informal settlers residing in Hlaing Thar Yar Industrial Zone (HTIZ), a peri-urban area belonging to Yangon, Myanmar. Through employing mixed methods, we investigate the dynamics of water security by studying the governing processes which shape it on a local level. In HTIZ, various challenges related to water security come together. Our findings reveal that water security in HTIZ was achieved for the majority of the formal settlers, whereas this was not the case for the majority of the informal (riverbank) settlers. Although a well-organized needs-driven system of local water vendors supplied water to the local population there was a high risk of contamination by domestic pollution (e.g., Escherichia coli) and industrial effluent, in addition to the relatively high price of the water. The identified water insecurities were driven on an institutional level by the lack of capacity and priority given to supplying and protecting informal settlers. Absence of environmental monitoring and enforcement, and the perceptions of government officials further exacerbated water insecurity.
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Bang, Raghav, Manish Patel, Vasu Garg, Vishal Kasa, Jyoti Malhotra, and Sambhaji Sarode. "Redefining smartness in township with Internet of Things & Artificial Intelligence: Dholera city." E3S Web of Conferences 170 (2020): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017006001.
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Internet of Things (IoT) with Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the virtue to address the key challenges encountered by the excessive Urban population; contributing to water management, waste management, energy crisis, and many such affairs. The urban city has reached the level of water scarcity with no adequate water supply. The lack of interconnectivity within the city also leads to severe consequences, such as delayed responses to emergency situations along with irregular traffic and infrastructure management. “Dholera” the futuristic city attempt to solve these issues. Dholera is the biggest and India’s first upcoming greenfield smart city solution developed under the Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) project in Gujarat, India. We have analyzed a few domains from this township project, to mention a few - Water Management, Waste Management, City Integrated Operation Centre (CIOC) and City portal. This paper spotlights on the novel ideas enhancing the smart city features and the working. Automating the city resources using futuristic technologies like big data analytics, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) would make the city well-functioning. In Dholera city, various sensors are mounted and interconnected to collect the data, monitor it, and communicate the values for dynamic action(s). Dholera has AI-based urban transportation, smart grids, renewable energy, solar power, waste and water management, along with urban farming, contributing to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy, water and managing traffic issues effectively. Smart cities are well classified as the growth bar contributing to the universal economy. This paper presents various models making the Dholera city a Fast Responsive, Sustainable, Intelligent and well-connected township.
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Nel, Lyndre. "Riparian conservation management needs habitat quality mapping." Columella : Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 7, no. 2 (2020): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18380/szie.colum.2020.7.2.15.
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Riparian habitat quality has a significant influence on the water quality of rivers, primary resources for urban and agricultural use. River water quality deteriorates where normal ecological functioning is disrupted by harmful impacts from nearby land-use types. Important rivers are typically managed and protected by government-led conservation programs. These programs often lack a key tool for efficient conservation management, habitat quality mapping. The Berg River, an important water source in South Africa, was used as a case-study to assess how habitat quality mapping could broaden the current scope of river conservation programs. The river faces threats from nearby urban settlements, industrial areas, mining, encroachment, and agricultural practices. The aim of this study was to develop habitat quality and habitat degradation maps for a section of the Berg River to assess the value that mapping holds for conservation managers and spatial planners. InVEST modelling software and ArcGIS was used to produce these habitat quality maps based on land-use/land-cover and threat impact data. The resulting maps showed several specific locations of heavily threatened and degraded riparian habitat that had not specifically been included in current government conservation management or spatial planning. Habitat quality mapping is an important tool that conservation managers and spatial planners can use to successfully address habitat degradation and protection while facing resource limitations, such as lack of funding. Oversight of degraded riparian habitats will lead to further decreases in river water quality, adversely affecting human welfare and local economies.
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Bassi, Nitin, and M. Dinesh Kumar. "Water quality index as a tool for wetland restoration." Water Policy 19, no. 3 (February 17, 2017): 390–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.099.
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Worldwide, wetlands are subjected to increasing anthropogenic pressures resulting in loss of their hydrological and ecological functions. Such impacts are more pronounced in the case of wetlands in urban areas which are exposed to land use changes and increased economic activities. In many Indian cities, natural water bodies such as lakes are heavily polluted due to runoff from farmlands in urban and peri-urban areas and discharge of untreated domestic and industrial wastewater. The major constraint for restoring such water bodies is difficulty in devising a concrete action plan for analysing different sets of water quality parameters. Hence, a water quality index (WQI), which is a tool to analyse large amounts of data on different water quality parameters, is computed for one of the biggest natural lakes in the metropolitan city of Delhi. The mean WQI of the lake was estimated to be 46.27, which indicates a high level of water pollution. The paper discusses how these findings can be used for informing policies on management of wetlands. The paper also suggests establishment of a community based water quality monitoring and surveillance system, backed by infrastructural support from the State, in order to restore the wetlands in urban areas.
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Li, Ma, Wei, and Zhang. "Urban Industrial Water Supply and Demand: System Dynamic Model and Simulation Based on Cobb–Douglas Function." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (October 23, 2019): 5893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215893.
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In order to meet the needs of water-saving society development, the system dynamics method and the Cobb–Douglas (C–D) production function were combined to build a supply and demand model for urban industrial water use. In this model, the industrial water demand function is expressed as the sum of the general industrial water demand and the power industry water demand, the urban water supply function is expressed as the Cobb–Douglas production function, investment and labor input are used as the control variables, and the difference between supply and demand in various situations is simulated by adjusting their values. In addition, the system simulation is conducted for Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, with 16 sets of different, carefully designed investment and labor input combinations for exploring a most suitable combination of industrial water supply and demand in Suzhou. We divide the results of prediction into four categories: supply less than demand, supply equals demand, supply exceeds demand, and supply much larger than demand. The balance between supply and demand is a most suitable setting for Suzhou City to develop, and the next is the type in which the supply exceeds demand. The other two types cannot meet the development requirements. We concluded that it is easier to adjust the investment than to adjust the labor input when adjusting the control variables to change the industrial water supply. While drawing the ideal combination of investment and labor input, a reasonable range of investment and labor input is also provided: the scope of investment adjustment is , and the adjustment range of labor input is .
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Shadananan Nair, K. "Impact of climate change and anthropogenic pressure on the water resources of India: challenges in management." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 374 (October 17, 2016): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-374-63-2016.
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Abstract. Freshwater resources of India are getting fast degraded and depleted from the changing climate and pressure of fast rising population. Changing intensity and seasonality of rainfall affect quantity and quality of water. Most of the rivers are polluted far above safety limits from the untreated domestic, industrial and agricultural effluents. Changes in the intensity, frequency and tracks of storms salinate coastal aquifers. Aquifers are also under the threat from rising sea level. Groundwater in urban limits and industrial zones are far beyond safety limits. Large-scale destruction of wetlands for industries and residential complexes has affected the quality of surface and groundwater resources in most parts of India. Measures to maintain food security and the new developments schemes such as river linking will further deteriorate the water resources. Falling water availability leads to serious health issues and various socio-economic issues. India needs urgent and appropriate adaptation strategies in the water sector.
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Ilyinichna Romanova, Anna, Dmitrii Sergeevich Romanov, Olga Viktorovna Maksimchuk, and Alexander Vladimirovich Voronin. "Basic Principles of Innovation Management in the Urban Economy of Smart-City." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.24593.
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The key direction in the formation of a "smart" city is its spatial development. The principles of accessibility, openness and comfort of the urban space that creates conditions for the interaction of its inhabitants come in place of the principles of industrial, technocratic minimalism. Hence, the task of municipalities to form fundamentally new public spaces. Flexible and multifaceted. The urban economy is often identified with housing and communal services, thereby emphasizing the priority for local authorities to provide people with heat, water, electricity in front of other issues. This most important sphere, complicated by a multitude of problems, is a grateful field for innovation and application of a special economic toolkit. And it is here that there is a possibility of a qualitative innovation breakthrough, in terms of creating and developing an "intelligent" urban economy, or SMART-city.
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Marti, B. S., G. Bauser, F. Stauffer, U. Kuhlmann, H. P. Kaiser, and W. Kinzelbach. "An expert system for real-time well field management." Water Supply 12, no. 5 (August 1, 2012): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2012.021.
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Well field management in urban areas faces challenges such as pollution from old waste deposits and former industrial sites, pollution from chemical accidents along transport lines or in industry, or diffuse pollution from leaking sewers. One possibility to protect the drinking water of a well field is the maintenance of a hydraulic barrier between the potentially polluted and the clean water. An example is the Hardhof well field in Zurich, Switzerland. This paper presents the methodology for a simple and fast expert system (ES), applies it to the Hardhof well field, and compares its performance to the historical management method of the Hardhof well field. Although the ES is quite simplistic it considerably improves the water quality in the drinking water wells. The ES knowledge base is crucial for successful management application. Therefore, a periodic update of the knowledge base is suggested for the real-time application of the ES.
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Marsalek, J., W. E. Watt, and B. C. Anderson. "Trace metal levels in sediments deposited in urban stormwater management facilities." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 2 (January 1, 2006): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.051.
Full textAbstract:
Characteristics of solids recovered from stormwater best management practice (BMP) facilities, including stormwater ponds, constructed wetlands, an infiltration basin, a biofilter, a stormwater treatment clarifier, and three-chamber oil and grit separators were described with respect to their metal chemistry. The reported trace metal concentrations in BMP sediments were assessed against the Ontario Sediment Quality Guidelines. Between 80 to 100% of all samples were marginally-to-intermediately polluted by Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn. Severe pollution of sediments was noted for Cr (122 μg/g), Cu (151 and 196 μg/g), Mn (1,259 and 1,433 μg/g), and Zn (1,116 μg/g), at several facilities studied, and even higher levels of metals were reported in the literature for certain oil and grit separators. With respect to individual BMPs, the severe pollution was found in sediments from oil and grit separators (for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn), the stormwater clarifier sludge (Cu, Mn and Zn), a biofilter (Cu and Mn), an industrial area stormwater pond (Cu only), and a commercial/residential pond (Cr only). Finally, the chemical pollution of pond sediment triggered toxicity testing at some of the facilities studied, and sediment toxicity was confirmed at several sites.