Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Urban and Industrial Land Management'
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1
Damayanti, Rully. "Land use change in an area surrounding an industrial estate : a case study of Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER), Indonesia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1427.
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This research aimed to investigate land use change in the area surrounding the Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER) in Surabaya, Indonesia. It was found that the industrial location has encouraged unplanned land use occupation, particularly the growth of informal sector activities. Analysis of government action sees the existence of the informal sector as a problem due to its non-taxpayer status, its illegal occupation of land and the poor environment and image it creates for the wider city. The government’s response to such a situation is to bulldoze the activities and associated development. The land use change that has occurred in the study area identified a precinct designated for residential uses that is currently occupied by commercial activity. This research identified the networks between the formal industrial activity in the industrial estate, and this commercial activity, both formal and informal. It also assessed the impact of the surrounding residential community on land use change. The study then analysed the planning approaches adopted that attempt to segregate land use between industrial and non-industrial uses and the attempts to limit the development of an informal, unplanned, unregulated land use. The study found that the current zoning regulations adopted from developed countries face many implementation problems particularly in providing for the accommodation of a large number of rural migrants. The appropriateness of land use segregation via zoning regulations to minimize the negative impact of industrial activity and to optimise the benefit of industrial land use networks was evaluated. The study recommends the creation of a more flexible and updated planning approach to land use change in Indonesia.
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Damayanti, Rully. "Land use change in an area surrounding an industrial estate : a case study of Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER), Indonesia." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Architecture, Construction and Planning, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12573.
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This research aimed to investigate land use change in the area surrounding the Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER) in Surabaya, Indonesia. It was found that the industrial location has encouraged unplanned land use occupation, particularly the growth of informal sector activities. Analysis of government action sees the existence of the informal sector as a problem due to its non-taxpayer status, its illegal occupation of land and the poor environment and image it creates for the wider city. The government’s response to such a situation is to bulldoze the activities and associated development. The land use change that has occurred in the study area identified a precinct designated for residential uses that is currently occupied by commercial activity. This research identified the networks between the formal industrial activity in the industrial estate, and this commercial activity, both formal and informal. It also assessed the impact of the surrounding residential community on land use change. The study then analysed the planning approaches adopted that attempt to segregate land use between industrial and non-industrial uses and the attempts to limit the development of an informal, unplanned, unregulated land use. The study found that the current zoning regulations adopted from developed countries face many implementation problems particularly in providing for the accommodation of a large number of rural migrants. The appropriateness of land use segregation via zoning regulations to minimize the negative impact of industrial activity and to optimise the benefit of industrial land use networks was evaluated. The study recommends the creation of a more flexible and updated planning approach to land use change in Indonesia.
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Baabereyir, Anthony. "Urban environmental problems in Ghana : a case study of social and environmental injustice in solid waste management in Accra and Sekondi-Takoradi." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10847/.
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Unsustainable urbanization in Ghana has resulted in poor environmental conditions in urban settlements in the country. Solid waste disposal, in particular, has become a daunting task for the municipal authorities who seem to lack the capacity to tackle the mounting waste situation. This study investigates the nature of the solid waste problem in two Ghanaian cities, Accra and Sekondi-Takoradi. It describes the waste situation in the study areas and identifies the causes of the problem from the perspective of key stakeholders in the waste sector. The delivery of solid waste collection services across different socio-economic groups of the urban population and the siting of waste disposal facilities are also examined in relation to the concepts of social justice and environmental justice respectively. For the empirical investigation, a mixed methodology was used which combined questionnaire and interview data from stakeholders in the waste sector, together with documentary and observational data, to examine the issue of solid waste disposal in the two study sites. The key issues identified by the study include: that Ghanaian cities are experiencing worsening solid waste situations but the municipal governments lack the capacities in terms of financial, logistical and human resources to cope with the situation; that while several causes of the urban waste crisis can be identified, the lack of political commitment to urban environmental management is the root cause of the worsening solid waste situation in Ghanaian cities; and that social and environmental injustices are being perpetuated against the poor in the delivery of waste collection services and the siting of waste disposal facilities in Ghanaian cities. Based on these findings, it has been argued that the solution to the worsening environmental conditions in Ghanaian cities lies in the prioritization of urban environmental management and commitment of Ghana’s political leadership to urban settlement development and management.
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Lee, Mei Fun Rowena. "Making redevelopment viable : reduction of risks to developers by Urban Renewal Authority in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3397/.
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The research presents the findings on developers' views of the major risk factors, risks pricing and risks management on redevelopment. Developers bear and manage a lot of risks. Up to date, academic research has focused primarily on the normative or 'should be' aspect of developers' decisions. This study attempts to fill in the gap unravelling the behavioural aspects of their decisions that truly reflect developers' actions in the current market conditions in practice. This research makes use of research instruments such as questionnaires, interviews and focus groups, prior to the development of conjoint analysis to delve deeper into developers' trade-offs of risk factors. Findings of the research with particular reference to the context of Hong Kong, a high density built environment, suggest profits and the uncertainty of obtaining the profits are the main factors. Planning procedures is also an important risk noting the recent amendments to the Town Planning Ordinance in Hong Kong allowing wider public participation which in turn increase developers’ risks. State action through the quango, the Urban Renewal Authority (URA), is not a concern to developers as they prefer and can redevelop on their own without being tied up by the bureaucracy associated with partnering with URA. Other factors such as the macroeconomic and market conditions, lease aspect, land assembly, public engagement and relation with stakeholders are not significant. The findings of the present research add to the current knowledge and understanding of how best developers should manage risks in redevelopment. As a result of such awareness and insight, it is hoped that developers would be better able to design and implement more financially viable and better redevelopment schemes. This will in the long term facilitate the pace of redevelopment in Hong Kong; and provide insights into redevelopment elsewhere, especially in high density built environments worldwide, such as New York. The Thesis is dedicated to my dear mother and father, my Saviour Jesus Christ, those who love me and those who suffer.
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Li, Xin Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Brownfields in China : how Cities recycle industrial land." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67249.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 167-174).
Since around 2000, China has been experiencing a major shift in its industrial bases. Many cities have been relocating polluting and energy-intensive plants from urban areas to the less-developed periphery. In the summer of 2005, when I started to pay attention to industrial relocation cases in China, I found that the issue of urban land contamination was not of much concern to either the general public or the government, not even Chinese environmental scholars. I found little evidence that, among relocation projects, former industrial land was properly monitored and treated before construction. Although problems with polluted land have been widely studied in developed countries, this field has remained virtually untouched in China until recently. These industrial sites, usually polluted, are considered brownfields. Without a comprehensive brownfield redevelopment regulatory system in China, I have also observed inconsistence in local environmental activities in dealing with potentially contaminated land. I answer the following four questions: (1) Given the absence of a strong national/provincial brownfield legislative system, why are some brownfields remediated while some are not?; (2) How can the interactions among polluting factories, profit-driven developers, and public agencies affect the outcome of various stages in the land-recycling process? (3) What are the sources of variation in land recycling projects even within the same city? and (4) What institutional arrangement is favorable to pollution remediation? My argument is that, rather than solely relying on reform from the top, local governments have the ability to ensure a sustainable and healthy industrial land redevelopment. Through three case studies of relocation projects (the Capital Iron and Steel Plant, the Beijing Coke Plant and the Beijing Chemical Plant), I find some institutional changes which were not designed initially for brownfields are conducive to more effective and efficient management of land contamination. These changes, such as the introduction of the Land Consolidation and Reserve Center and the auction system, have promoted a transparent decision-making process, increased involvement of civil society, and effective inter-agency communication, all of which reinforced my hypothesis that a relatively balanced participation in decision making among stakeholders involved in land-recycling projects leads to sustainable land recycling.
by Xin Li.
Ph.D.
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Basnayaka, Amila Prasad. "Impacts of land developments and land use changes on urban stormwater management." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1423.
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With the rapid urbanization happening around the world, the nature of the natural hydrological cycle has been changed and it causes many adverse effects like urban flooding, erosion and degradation of water quality in urban areas. Due to the increasing population, urbanization will continue rapidly and this increases impervious lands which generate more runoff. Anthropogenic climate change has influenced the strength of storm events and reduced the recurrent intervals. Current urban stormwater management systems are becoming increasingly lacking with rapidly increasing demands and climatic effects. Groundwater has been found as a key factor in creating inadequacy in urban drainage to carry stormwater runoff in catchments having a shallow groundwater table. Water sensitive urban design (WSUD) and modifications to urban stormwater management systems (USWMSs) according to the best management practices (BMP) should be implemented after systematic analysis to overcome the situation.This study has focused on assessing urban land development activities and changing patterns of land use in urban areas as the main anthropogenic stress on urban hydrology. In addition, the adaptation to natural phenomenon such as climate change has been studied. A numerical hydrological model was used to analyse the behaviour of catchments and their characteristics. Urban flood identification and prevention was one of the major concerns of this study. Several urban stormwater drainage systems have been assessed under three case studies.The stormwater drainage system of Canning Vale Central catchment, which is one of the urban catchments in Western Australia, has been assessed by using numerical modelling in case study number one. The model was developed by using existing mapped data and data collected from an ongoing telemetric observation system and several field visits. Surface runoff has been routed by using different modelling techniques such as hydrological surface runoff and two-dimensional (2D) surface runoff modelling. Groundwater has been treated as a critical issue during the modelling. The effects of land use changes and their sensitivity to the USWMS have been assessed. Necessary recommendations to improve the USWMS and mitigate localised flood issues have been given. Flood vulnerability maps have been developed to identify the critical areas where there is the potential to be flooded under different Average Recurrent Interval (ARI) events. These flood vulnerability maps will be used by the local authorities to develop recommendations and guidelines for future developments of infrastructure during land development and subdivision works.The urban ungauged catchment of Victoria Park in Western Australia has been assessed by using a 2D surface runoff routing model. The catchment has built flood storage areas (stormwater basins) and the inadequacy of them in protecting against recent storm events has caused local concern. The area has been developed rapidly in recent decades and land use has been changed to more impervious surfaces than was expected at the time the basins were designed. These changes to the land use—together with anthropogenic climate change—has caused runoff from rapid storms to exceed the basin top water level. The catchment‘s existing stormwater basins‘ capacities were assessed against different ARI events during case study number two. Flood vulnerability maps and water level contours have been developed to identify the possible inundations and flood depths of basins and surrounding areas.The overall study is based on hydrological modelling of different USWMSs and urban hydrology. Land use change was considered as the main anthropogenic stress upon urban hydrological catchments. Factors such as encountering groundwater in stormwater drainage have been analysed to support the study. Recommendations based on WSUD and BMPs have been given to mitigate the adverse effects of urban land use changes to urban stormwater management.
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Tang, Siu-sing. "Forecast of industrial land requirement in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13117221.
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Watson, David Glenn. "The recycling of disused industrial land in the Black Country." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334818.
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Konursay, Sadık Yılmaz Günaydın Yılmaz. "Land readjustment process in urban design: project management approach/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2004. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/sehirplanlama/T000302.pdf.
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Tang, Siu-sing, and 鄧兆星. "Forecast of industrial land requirement in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257847.
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Moschella, Miloslavich Paola. "Peri-urbanization and land management sustainability in Peruvian cities." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAH013/document.
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La croissance urbaine incontrôlée est liée à plusieurs problèmes socio-environnementaux dans les pays en développement comme le Pérou. Afin de comprendre l'expansion urbaine dans les zones non aménageables, la recherche combine trois dimensions de l'analyse : l'analyse spatiale, l'analyse du comportement social et l'évaluation de la gestion urbaine et de l'aménagement du territoire. L'étude se concentre sur trois cas péruviens : une oasis de brouillard saisonnier dans la ville aride de Lima, les terres agricoles de première qualité de la vallée de Cajamarca et les zones humides de la petite ville de Huamachuco. L'expansion urbaine dans les études de cas est principalement informelle et désorganisée; à cause de sérieuses déficiences dans la gestion publique locale, la planification routière et la culture de l'informalité. Cependant, certaines organisations communautaires et certains leaders sociaux contribuent à une utilisation plus durable du territoireUncontrolled urban expansion is related to several socio-environmental problems in developing countries like Peru. In order to understand the urban expansion in non-developable areas, the research combines three dimensions of analysis: spatial analysis, social behavior analysis, and the evaluation of urban management and spatial planning. The study focuses on three Peruvian cases: a seasonal fog-oasis in the arid city of Lima, the prime farmlands in Cajamarca valley, and the wetlands of the small city of Huamachuco. Urban expansion in the case studies is predominantly informal and disorganized as a consequence of serious deficiencies in local public management, road planning, and the culture of informality. However, some communal organizations and social leaders contribute to a more sustainable land-use
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Viitanen, Kauko. "The Finnish Urban Land Readjustment Procedure in an International Context." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Real Estate and Construction Management, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3067.
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The aim of urban land readjustment is to produce newbuilding land and to reorganise urban areas. The method used isdesigned to consolidate a group of adjoining land parcels fortheir unified planning and subdivision in an area with afragmented or an otherwise inappropriate property and ownershipstructure. The procedure can be considered either as a methodfor urban land development (by landowners) or as a tool forplanning implementation (by society). Different countries havereached different solutions depending on, for example, theplanning system already in existence and the attitude towardsthe responsibilities of the private and the public sectors inproducing urban land.
The urban land readjustment procedure is very closely linkedto detailed local planning and other land use planning. Theprocedure is justified not only on the basis of cost andefficiency but also on the basis of its fair treatment oflandowners, improvements in plan quality, savings to thecommunity, and environmental benefits. In the readjustmentprocedure the land value changes can be fairly and equallydistributed among landowners. The procedure will therefore alsohelp to prevent planning speculation. As property boundariescan be disregarded when preparing the plan, the number ofpotential plan solutions will essentially be increased andfinally the quality of the plan itself improved. At the sametime the existing social structure can also be maintained. Theprocesses needed are, however, often very demanding andcomplicated and require those involved to display considerableexpertise. The decision-makers should also be familiar with theoperating mechanisms and options so that implementation of theprocedure is not jeopardised through ignorance.
In 1997 a new Real Property Formation Act came into force inFinland which defined the Finnish urban land readjustmentprocedure. The strengths of the new procedure lie in itswell-defined structure and organisation, but it also has itsweaknesses. Although the aim of the procedure is to achievebetter detailed local plans, planners often do not know inpractice if the readjustment procedure can be carried out, dueto the extensive legal provisions. It seems, therefore, thatthe existing regulations are ineffective in meeting the needsof urban land readjustment, and further improvements areurgently required. Failure to take such measures will place injeopardy the future use of the procedure. By amending thestatutes and the proceedings the use of the urban landreadjustment procedure might become a familiar activity whendeveloping the urban structure in areas with fragmentedownership.
Keywords: Land development, joint development, landmanagement, land use planning, plan implementation, propertyacquisition, cadastral procedure, law and economics.
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Yirenkyi, Samuel Yaw. "Conceptual design of a GIS-based land inventory model for urban informal settlement land management." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4978.
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Brandenburg, Peter (Peter J. ). "Evaluating next-generation environmental policy tools : adaptive management in the Bureau of Land Management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33014.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-93).
The U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has begun to embrace the concept adaptive management as an alternative to traditional natural resource planning and management models. Adaptive management may provide BLM managers with a means to evaluate the effectiveness of management actions, the flexibility to adjust actions that have not proved effective, opportunities for rapid learning relevant to improved management, and improved public support for resource management decisions. To realize these benefits, BLM must include two critical elements in its adaptive management strategies: 1) adaptive design of management objectives, actions, monitoring and evaluation protocols and 2) effective collaboration among BLM and interested stakeholders. I evaluate three case studies of BLM adaptive management and find that none of the cases have fully included the critical elements. While there are some encouraging signs, the cases collectively reveal several key shortcomings. The strategies have not capitalized on the potential to improve management through learning. Two cases illustrate the risk that adaptive management may be misapplied to remove requirements for predictive impact analysis and mitigation, putting resources at risk. The cases have not featured a joint fact finding collaborative structure to provide stakeholders with early and integrated roles in the adaptive management process. I also identify a number of institutional barriers that have prevented BLM from consistently including the critical elements.
(Cont.) If BLM cannot remove these barriers by providing agency-wide policy and guidance for adaptive management, capacity building for local staff and stakeholders and adequately funded, binding implementation commitments, the agency will not realize the 'benefits it seeks and adaptive management will not represent a significant improvement to BLM's practice of natural resource management.
by Peter Brandenburg.
M.C.P.
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Leung, Mei-ling. "Land use impacts of the industrial/Office zoning in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13009618.
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Mashayekh, Yeganeh. "Land Use and Congestion Management Strategies to Promote Urban Environmental Sustainability." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2013. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/225.
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Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) is an important social goal to mitigate climate change. A common mitigation paradigm is to consider strategy ‘wedges’ that can be applied to different activities to achieve desired GHG reductions. In this dissertation, I consider a wide range of possible travel demand reduction and traffic congestion management strategies to reduce light-duty vehicle GHG emissions.
To estimate the cost savings associated with the implementation of various travel demand and traffic congestion management strategies, performance measures such as speed, delay, and travel time were assessed for each strategy. These performance measures were then combined with emission factors – amount of pollutants per speed interval – and monetary damage values of each pollutant in terms of mortality, morbidity and environmental damages – dollar per gram of pollutant – to estimate the external environmental cost savings resulting from the implemented strategy. Fuel and time cost savings were simply measured by incorporating the value of time and fuel.
Specifically, the external environmental cost of driving in the U.S. including congestion was estimated to be about $110 billion annually. Brownfield developments and LEED certified brownfield developments were assessed as land use and travel demand management strategies to reduce vehicular travel demand. Impacts of these residential developments on vehicle miles traveled (VMT) reduction and the resulting costs (cost of driving time, fuel, and external air pollution costs) were examined. Results show with minimal implementation cost incurred by transportation authorities (about 75-95% less than other VMT reduction measures), both brownfield residential developments and LEED certified brownfield residential developments can be beneficial travel demand strategies, assisting federal, state and local governments with their GHG emissions reduction goals. Compared with conventional developments, residential brownfield developments can reduce VMT and its consequential environmental costs by about 52 and 66 percent respectively. LEED certified residential brownfield developments can have an additional 1% to 12% VMT reduction and a 0.03% to 3.5% GHG reduction compared with conventional developments.
In addition to land use and travel demand management strategies, a number of supply congestion management measures were also assessed. Traffic signal timing and coordination is an effective congestion management strategy. However, not maintaining the timings regularly to assure they respond to vehicle volumes may result in 18 percent increase in the cost of fuel consumed, 13 percent in the cost of travel time and 11 percent in the external environmental costs annually.
Other supply management strategies assessed were cases of adaptive traffic control system and high occupancy toll (HOT) lanes. In comparison to one another, while adaptive traffic signal control system results in 7 to 12 percent external environmental cost saving, HOT lanes show zero external environmental cost savings. Driving patterns and speed profiles have significant impacts on the emission of the criteria air pollutants. In some cases, speed improvements resulting from the implementation of a congestion management measure may, in fact, result in the emission of additional criteria air pollutants, thus increasing the external environmental costs. Other interdependencies such as induced demand were also examined. Results show that induced demand from excess capacity resulting from an implementation of a supply congestion management strategy can be significant enough to reduce the benefits gained from the implemented measure in a short period of time.
In addition to analyzing travel demand management, land use changes and congestion management, strategies including fuel and vehicle options and low carbon and renewable power are briefly discussed in this work. I conclude that no one strategy will be sufficient to meet GHG emissions reduction goals to avoid climate change. However, many of these changes have positive combinatorial effects, so the best strategy is to pursue combinations of transportation GHG reduction strategies to meet reduction goals. Agencies need to broaden their agendas to incorporate such combinations in their planning.
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Kannangara, Dumal Indrajith. "Assessment of Infiltration Based Urban Stormwater Management for Residential Land Development." Thesis, Curtin University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/66694.
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This research established a statistically significant broad approach to assess the infiltration based stormwater management concept and its application to urban land developments. The study has developed an inventory and mapping of soil characteristics using field and laboratory tests, towards developing stormwater management strategy guidelines in selecting the best stormwater management strategies in urban land developments. The outcome of this study will be useful for scientific community, authorities and decision makers for sustainable land development
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Smith, Nakeischea Loi. "Whose land is it anyway? : an analysis of the management and distribution of Crown Land in the Bahamas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39941.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-138).
Like many islands throughout the Caribbean, The Bahamas are now experiencing rapid growth and development in the form of large-scale luxury resorts and second homes. Consistent with a long history going back to the colonial era, these development trends are being driven by external factors - including the aging of the Baby Boomer generation, a scarcity of affordable waterfront land in North America, and shifting travel preferences post-9/11. But major policy decisions, now hotly debated, have also played an important role in shaping these development trends and their impacts. Through an economic development strategy known as the Anchor Projects, the Bahamian Government has tapped foreign demand for prime Bahamian land with the aim of reducing crowding on the capital island-city of Nassau, boosting the economies of the sparsely populated Family Islands, and providing residents of those islands with much-needed employment and infrastructure.
(cont.) As a key concession to spur the Anchor Projects, Government has granted large tracts of publicly owned "Crown Land" at favorable prices to developers; but in a nation where natives are tied closely to Crown Land and where there is lack of a comprehensive land use framework that includes environmental management and public participation in development, this policy has triggered significant conflict among Government, developers, and Bahamians. resent Crown Land disposition policies that seem to benefit foreign investors and visitors at great expense to current and future generations of Bahamians; particularly where such policies are seemingly threatening to make housing unaffordable, overwhelm small-island cultures with newcomer needs, privatize cherished community commons, and generate conflicts over labor shortage. Using information gleaned from interviews with key informants, newspapers and journal articles, and data gathered from various Government agencies, this study examines the history of Crown Land management in The Bahamas, as well as the current valuation, pricing, and allocation of this vital public resource.
(cont.) The thesis explores the risks in a non-sustainable development model where land tenure, tracking, and planning traditions are either missing or weak. Based on my findings, I offer several major recommendations: Create and implement a National Development and Land Use Plan, improve agency integration, clarify land tenures, implement and legislate programs for environmental protection and management, improve fiscal management of land resources, deepen the democracy, and address issues of sovereignty and changing social structure.
by Nakeischea Loi Smith.
M.C.P.
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Mammon, Nisa. "The urban land question : management and access for the urban poor in post apartheid South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12446.
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The premise of the thesis is that the developmental use of urban land should be ethical, fair and promote social justice. Using multiple research approaches and mixed methods this thesis examines the urban land question in South Africa and particularly Cape Town where land distribution and ownership are inequitable. The thesis unpacks land redistribution, land tenure reform and land restitution within this context. It is argued that the South African Constitution commits government to protect the property rights of those who currently own property and at the same time redistribute land to those who have been dispossessed and explores what this tension means for urban land redistribution and reform using the freedoms approach developed by Amartya Sen as a conceptual framework and as alternative to the neo-classical model. The main findings of the thesis can be summarized as follows. a) The thesis demonstrates that there is no logical reason why the freedoms approach cannot be extended to include urban land. b) The entitlements and endowments that urban land could bestow on the urban poor are shaped by how the State invests in land through the instruments of land planning and land use management which call for a significant role for the State as custodian of public land to not only make explicit the land asset register under public ownership but also instill trust in the poorer sectors of urban society. c) A two track system of land planning and land use management may be more appropriate in the post apartheid South African city, one stream for market driven land and one for targeted public land programmes that directly address urban poverty provided that the State is able to make strong connections between the philosophical and the technical aspects of land and land use management systems. d) As a two track system is suggested the land use management system requires to be reframed. To facilitate land redistribution and reform in urban areas of South Africa therefore, the thesis suggests that a deliberative and systemic planning approach needs to be adopted that is intervention focused. Only when the State assumes a more critical interventionist role in public land programmes would it be possible to obtain social justice and the principles of the good city in the South African urban context. e) Gaining access to and control over land resources beyond the market is possible but limiting for the majority of the urban poor when land and housing debates are conflated. This conflation results in other land debates being silenced yet these have the potential to offer alternatives to the neo-classical model of land and land use management as well as promote a wider role for public land than just housing.
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Lehmbeck, Cynthia L. (Cynthia Lynne). "Not natural enemies : working to improve compatibility between industrial and residential land uses in Jamaica Plain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68238.
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Thompson, Maureen Sherrard. "Rural Solutions in the Industrial Age: Joseph Fels. the Single Tax, and Land Reform." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/162787.
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HistoryM.A.
Joseph Fels, a wealthy Philadelphia soap manufacturer, subscribed to Henry George's single tax economic theory that considered land a natural resource to be used for the good of all citizens. A hefty single tax levied on land values was intended to replace all other forms of taxation, in effect forcing landowners holding property for speculative purposes to use their land productively or make it available to others. In theory, wealthy land monopolists would be forced to pay an equitable share of taxes while the amount paid by the working class would be lowered to a proportionate level. Following the Panic of 1893 and the ensuing four year depression, urban gardening programs were established in major urban areas to support unemployed workers. In 1897 Joseph Fels helped to establish and finance the Philadelphia Vacant Lots Cultivation Association, and later, the Vacant Lots Cultivation Society in London, in addition to several farming colonies in the English countryside. He also financed several experimental living communities based on the single tax: Fairhope in Alabama, Arden in Delaware, and Rose Valley in suburban Philadelphia. In addition, Fels supported single tax candidates, and corresponded with national and international reformers including Samuel Gompers, Booker T. Washington, Beatrice and Sidney Webb, and George Bernard Shaw. Fels was an equitable employer, a philanthropist, and a reformer who campaigned fervently for the rights of the working class until he died in 1914 at age sixty.
Temple University--Theses
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Vestin, Linnéa, and Jonathan Molund. "Administration of land problems and disputes in peri-urban areas surrounding Gaborone, Botswana." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17084.
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Abstract Peri-urban areas experience many land related problems and disputes because of rural-urban migration and increasing demand in land. The purpose of this thesis is to identify and describe the land problems and their related disputes that exist in two peri-urban areas surrounding the capital of Botswana, Gaborone. Two land boards administering these areas are studied in order to draw conclusions if there are any improvements that can be made to make the administration of land more effective. The methods used in this thesis include: a literature review on previous made research to gain sufficient background and knowledge in the subject and a multiple case study to identify the most occurring land problems and how these are handled in the villages of Mogoditshane and Tlokweng. The case study included qualitative interviews with land board officers and experts within the studied subject. The result from the literature review and the case studies shows similar result when it comes to land problems faced in Mogoditshane and Tlokweng. Common problems such as illegal occupations and multiple transfers lead to disputes over the right to land. The administration of handling these problems differ between the studied land boards as well as the approaches to resolving disputes that arises. For instance in Tlokweng they patrol the village in order to reveal illegal occupations. In the same land board they have also adopted the approach with alternative dispute resolution to reduce number of disputes entering the legal process. It seems that one of the main causes for the land problems that occur in these areas is poor record keeping. Besides the improvements regarding record keeping, that is already in progress, this study has reached the conclusion that there are several measures that can be taken to make the management of land problems and related disputes more effective. The problem with shortage of land, which is another cause for land problems, could be reduced by an effective and unanimous land allocation process. Further we believe that by training both officers and board members in alternative dispute resolution methods and adopting an approach to try to resolve disputes before becoming a legal matter, will reduce costs as well as save time in the land administration.
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Desta, Naomi I. (Naomi Iskindir). "Land management reform in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia : implmentating a public leasehold system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65698.
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Eltahir, Susan. "The management of food-producing trees in the public places of metropolitan Adelaide /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09enve51.pdf.
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Drew, Hilary. "The management of demographic change : a study of three German industrial sectors." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/27949/.
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Repercussions of the demographic shift for firms include issues such an incremental rise in the average age of the workforce, unequal inflows and outflows of labour and managing organisational skill levels. In the case of Germany, organisational responses to demographic change are exacerbated by a predominant early exit culture, legislation which protects against the dismissal of older employees and related provisions set out in collective bargaining agreements. The aim of the research is to examine how demographic shifts impacted on German companies in the steel, chemicals and utilities sectors. After discussing these challenges, the thesis analyses measures implemented by these firms and explains differences in the responses between the sectors. The empirical findings clearly indicate that far more was being done to prepare for, and to counter, the effects of demographic developments than the extant academic literature suggests. Companies which responded most proactively to demographic change issues perceived this to be part of their role as a responsible and caring employer. The end to the financial support of early retirement by the German government was found to be an important catalyst for firms to develop measures to accommodate older workers, instead of offering them an early exit from the company. Nevertheless, a failure to respond effectively to the end of state-funded support for early retirement, as well as the tendency of some firms to ignore deep-seated motivational issues in older workers, suggests that companies have some way to go before they can be described as effectively tackling demographic change. Hence, this thesis is unable to prove conclusively that critics of the German management of demographic in organisations are wrong in pre-empting that German firms run the risk of falling into a demographic trap (Thun et al, 2007). The thesis frames demographic change within a wider context of organisational shifts, by examining external and internal drivers of change. Variations in responses between sectors are explained by drawing attention to drivers of change within the three industrial sectors which have shaped the behaviour of firms, including past experiences of organisational restructuring. Finally, the thesis makes a number of important theoretical, empirical and practical contributions to the academic literature. The most important contribution is to provide qualitative, empirical data on how firms in Germany are dealing with demographic developments to address gaps in the literature on company responses to demographic change.
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Hodges, Christopher J. (Christopher Jon) 1975. "Fostering land use dialog : community preservation as a growth management strategy in Massachusetts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16647.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-128).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The Community Preservation Initiative (CPI) was an innovative attempt by the Massachusetts state government to stimulate discussion about land use and growth management at the local level. Based on land use and zoning information, CPI relied on geographic information systems (GIS) to model a potential development scenario for each of the 351 municipalities in the state. The process for generating these buildout maps purposefully involved officials at local, regional, and state levels. This thesis examines the success of the CPI process in evolving land use dialog within and between communities, and amongst planners at all three levels of government. Town planners in two different metropolitan regions of Massachusetts - Boston and Springfield - were interviewed about CPI's impact on local land use discussions. This research was supplemented by interviews with other regional planners and CPI staff. The results suggest that while CPI may eventually lead to changes in local land use, in the short term few changes have occurred to the dialog on growth management in the state. The results of this investigation should aid state and regional decision-makers in determining what future policies and approaches are needed to promote smart growth and regional planning in Massachusetts and other states.
by Christopher J. Hodges.
M.C.P.
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MINOCK, MEGAN S. "URBAN VOIDS: AN EXAMINATION OF THE PHENOMENON IN POST-INDUSTRIAL CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1172802536.
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Benjamin, Solomon J. 1960. "Neighborhood as factory--the influence of land development and civic politics on an industrial cluster in Delhi, India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11045.
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Eckart, Jochen. "Flexible Urban Drainage Systems in New Land-Use Areas." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4033.
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Urban drainage systems are influenced by several future drivers that affect the performance as well as the costs of the systems. The uncertainties associated with future drivers and their impact creates difficulties in designing urban drainage systems sustainably. A review of the different future drivers for urban drainage systems illustrates that no sufficient future predictions for the long operational life spans of the systems are possible. This dissertation contends that to deal with future uncertainties, flexibility in urban drainage systems is necessary.
At present, profound insights about defining, measuring, and generating flexible urban drainage systems do not exist. This research systematically approaches these issues. First, a clear definition of flexibility and an approach for the measurement and optimization of flexibility is operationalized. Based on the generic definitions of flexibility used in other disciplines, a definition tailored for urban drainage systems is generated. As such, flexibility in sustainable urban drainage systems is defined as `the ability of urban drainage systems to use their active capacity to act and respond to relevant alterations during operation in a performance-efficient, timely, and cost-effective way'. Next, a method for measuring flexibility is provided based on the developed definition of flexibility including the metrics, 'range of change', 'life-cycle performance' and 'effort of change'. These metrics are integrated into a framework for the measurement of flexibility based on a comparison of performance and effort in different alternative solution with respect to different future states. In addition the metrics are the core components for optimizing flexible design of urban drainage system. The measurement method is successfully applied in two case studies in Tuttle Hill, UK and Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg, Germany. Using the developed definition and method for the measurement of flexibility, this dissertation illustrates that a transfer of the general theoretical background of flexibility to the field of urban drainage is possible.
It is currently unclear how the flexible design of urban drainage systems can be executed. Based on a review, this research identifies nine potential principles of flexible design, described by the indicators of modularity, platform design, flexible elements, cost efficiency, decentralized design, real time control, low degree of specialization, scalability, and a combination of these principles. A case study of Hamburg-Boberg is then presented to analyze which of these principles of flexible design can be verified. For each alternative solution in the sample, the indicators for the different potential principles of flexible design as well as the flexibility provided by the design are calculated. Testing is done to determine if there is a significant correlation between the potential principles of flexible design and the measured flexibility using a chi-square-test and F-test. Two principles are verified with a high degree of confidence, 'platform design' and `flexible elements'. The `platform design' principle provides high flexibility, in which urban drainage system elements with high change costs are designed robustly with huge tolerance margins, whereas elements with low change costs are designed with flexibility options. The 'flexible elements' principle aims to include as many component elements as possible, which provides high individual flexibility in the design of the urban drainage system.
These design principles and associated static indicators enable a quick screening of huge number alternative solutions and provide guidance for the development and optimization of flexible urban drainage system. Within the framework for optimization of flexibility, the design principles can help identify the most promising alternative solutions for the design of urban drainage systems. The optimization framework includes the following steps: identification of the required flexibility, generation of alternative solutions for the design of urban drainage systems, screening of the most promising alternative solutions, detailed measurement of flexibility provided by the alternative solutions; and selection of optimal solution. Hence out of a sample of different design approaches, the solutions with the highest flexibility could be identified.
The successful application of flexible design in three case studies illustrates that the concept provides a suitable strategy for dealing with the challenges associated with future uncertainties. For urban drainage systems, flexible design guarantees high levels of performance in uncertain future states while reducing the effort required to adapt the system to changing future conditions. This study contends that flexibility allows for profound decision making for urban drainage design despite future uncertainties.
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Green, Jamaal William. "Manufacturing in Place: Industrial Preservation in the US." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5138.
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In the face of growing economic inequality and population growth, several large cities in the US have started to proactively protect vital industrial lands from conversion to non-industrial uses. These new policies signal a potentially dramatic shift in both land-use and economic development practices.
In the first essay of this dissertation I present a typology of existing industrial land protective policies after reviewing the comprehensive plans and zoning codes of the United States' fifty largest cities. I identify 11 cities with protective policies and highlight the variance of these policies by offering a simple two part typology based upon a city's use of increased usage restrictions or greater process requirements for conversion of protected parcels.
The second essay presents results of a survey I administered to planners exploring the varied ways that planners understand the pressures facing industrial land in their cities and the political contexts they operate within regarding industrial land policy in their respective cities. I find that planners are generally supportive of industrial land protective policies but are ambivalent about the long term viability of industrial labor in cities and face political pressure to convert industrial land to non-industrial uses.
The final essay presents an evaluation of protective land policies. I estimate a propensity score model measuring the change in manufacturing and broader "industrial" employment a the census tract level between 2009 and 2015 using LEHD LODES workplace association data. I estimate the propensity score model using a gradient boosted model and ultimately find a null effect of protective policies on manufacturing and "industrial" job growth.
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Matthews, Bonnie L. C. "Silvicultural Methods for Improving Hardwood Management on Non-Industrial Private Forest land in Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33708.
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Hardwood management has been discouraged because of long rotations, low stumpage values, expensive treatments, and an undependable market (Bechtold and Phillips 1983). Knowledge gaps on how various biological factors affect hardwood growth also exist. Stand improvement methods attempt to shift growth to desirable stems. Three different hardwood stand improvement treatments were evaluated. A pre-commercial chemical thin occurred in a twelve year old stand in 1990. In 1995, two of the treatments showed a significant increase in dbh over the control. However, the 2004 measurements of the stand did not find any significant differences between treatments. A case study examined paired plots throughout the state of Virginia where the crown touching crop tree release method was applied. In both the Piedmont and Ridge and Valley regions of the state an increase in dbh was observed. Finally, a timber stand improvement study examined different treatments in a 60-80 year old stand, but did not result in any significant increases in volume after three years.
When oaks are harvested or a major disturbance occurs, the number of oaks that regenerates is less than there were previously (Smith 1992). Therefore, oak regeneration is a problem and methods are needed to facilitate oak regeneration (Smith 1992). One method of oak regeneration was examined. Burning five years after a deferment cut did not result in significantly more stems of oak regeneration. Various reductions in basal area also did not result in an increase in oak regeneration under our 60-80 year old timber stand improvement study. These studies attempt to close knowledge gaps in hardwood management and provide useful information for non-industrial private forest (NIPF) landowners. It is so important to target NIPF landowners because the 350 million acres of timberland they own will play a large part in the future of the United States timber supply (Haynes 2002).Master of Science
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Zhang, Wenxin. "Using integrated industrial waste management systems to develop and promote urban sustainable development." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445959.
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Freeman, Klaire E. "The Effects of Urban Land Use on Wasps (Hymenoptera: Apocrita)." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1363613906.
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Suzuki, Kohei. "Essays on Voluntary Mechanisms for Private Land Conservation and Management." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225660.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第20435号
農博第2220号
新制||農||1049(附属図書館)
学位論文||H29||N5056(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科生物資源経済学専攻
(主査)教授 栗山 浩一, 教授 福井 清一, 教授 伊藤 順一
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Piro, Roxie Eugene. "Growth management in an urban regional context : the contemporary transformation of regional development planning from a governance perspective /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10813.
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Kaul, Usha. "Land management by electric utilities : organizational and technical constraints to development and use of geographic information systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67402.
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Patel, Hetal A. "Institutionalising geographic information systems (GIS) : an integrating tool for sustainable urban land management in Ahmedabad, India." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273694.
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Deilami, Kaveh. "Modelling the urban heat island intensities of alternative urban growth management policies in Brisbane." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/107656/1/Kaveh_Deilami_Thesis.pdf.
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When urban areas experience higher temperature than their surrounding rural areas, this phenomenon is called the urban heat island (UHI) effect. UHI contributes to global warming. Urban planning policy plays a significant role in controlling the UHI. This study examines the UHI effects of urban planning policy scenarios for Brisbane, including: a) business as usual; b) transit oriented development; c) infill development; d) motorway oriented development; and e) sprawl development. The findings show Infill development will be effective but will generate pockets of extreme UHI. Sprawl development will generate a moderate UHI effect but will be distributed throughout the city.
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Mutale, Emmanuel. "The urban development of Nkana-Kitwe, Zambia : structural conflict in the management of land and services." Thesis, University of East London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310610.
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Psaris, Alexander Michael. "Assessing Hydrologic and Water Quality Sensitivities to Precipitation Changes, Urban Growth and Land Management Using SWAT." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1783.
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Precipitation changes and urban growth are two factors altering the state of water quality. Changes in precipitation will alter the amount and timing of flows, and the corresponding sediment and nutrient dynamics. Meanwhile, densification associated with urban growth will create more impervious surfaces which will alter sediment and nutrient loadings. Land and water managers often rely on models to develop possible future scenarios and devise management responses to these projected changes. We use the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to assess the sensitivities of stream flow, sediment, and nutrient loads in two urbanizing watersheds in Northwest Oregon, USA to various climate and urbanization scenarios. We evaluate the spatial patterns climate change and urban growth will have on water, sediment and nutrient yields. We also identify critical source areas (CSAs) and investigate how implementation of vegetative filter strips (VFS) could ameliorate the effects of these changes. Our findings suggest that: 1) Water yield is tightly coupled to precipitation. 2) Large increases in winter and spring precipitation provide enough sub-surface storage to increase summertime water yields despite a moderate decrease in summer precipitation. 3) Expansion of urban areas increases surface runoff and has mixed effects on sediment and nutrients. 4) Implementation of VFS reduces pollutant loads helping overall watershed health. This research demonstrates the usefulness of SWAT in facilitating informed land and water management decisions.
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Cirik, Umut. "A Design Problem Of Under-utilized Spaces: The Case Of Ankara-old Industrial District." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605965/index.pdf.
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The problem of under-utilized spaces has become an important problem of cities during the last decades. In rapidly urbanizing cities, especially in the city centers where the early city settlement or old town was situated, many urban and industrial functions have moved out leaving behind abandoned or under-utilized. These spaces, due to political, economical, cultural and spatial reasons, could neither undergo healthy urban transformation process nor be reused. Such spaces pose problems to contemporary urban planning and architecture.
This thesis takes up the problem of under-utilized space exemplified in the inner city of Ankara, where a large stock of land is public property. The thesis defines the problem of under-utilized space and analyzes the causes for their emergence. The aim of the study is to understand the urban character of under-utilized part of the old industrial district, which is one of the most important districts in the city center of Ankara, and develop urban transformation approaches in particular for the old industrial district as well as for similar urban areas.
The thesis focuses on the urban design dimension of transformation process. Urban design as a public policy makes important contributions in solving urban problems. The thesis develops some urban design principles in accordance with some spatial, functional and social concerns in order to redevelop the old industrial district. With this contribution the study emphasizes the importance of urban design as a tool which can be utilized in the urban transformation process by urban planners and architects.
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Kobryń, Halina T. "Land use changes and the properties of stormwater entering a wetland on a sandy coastal plain in Western Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Thesis Project, 2001. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040519.165016.
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Botes, Francois Jacobus. "A model to forecast the impact of road accessibility on the economic development potential of industrial land in urban areas." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53250.
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Dissertation (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The dissertation firstly outlines the findings of recent studies that have recorded the relationship between transport and economic development. This includes the assessment of a number of economic evaluation techniques that are available to predict the impact of improvements in transport on economic development. An historic overview is provided of the role that transport has played in the development of Cape Town. Due to the fact that the phases of development followed international development trends, it is concluded that development in Cape Town will follow the global trend. A number of economic growth scenarios are developed for Cape Town to assess how the City will be able to cope with the socio-demographic challenges facing it in the next century. The relationship between land price and the economic development potential of land is outlined, as are the factors that determine industrial land price, namely the demand and supply of industrial land. The process of determining the economic value of industrial land is described. This includes the collection and analysis of occupation rent of industrial townships in Cape Town, the calculation of property values and the calculation of the shadow price of land. A procedure of determining accessibility to industrial townships in Cape Town was developed. Firstly, accessibility was defined in broad terms. This was followed by a discussion of each of the elements of accessibility namely proximity, access and mobility in order to understand the factors that may impact on the level of accessibility. Finally, the level of accessibility is quantified in terms of generalised cost. A regression analysis was undertaken to establish a statistical relationship between the economic value of industrial land and accessibility to the industrial townships. The development of a numerical model was based on the regression analyses to forecast changes in industrial land price given a change in accessibility. The model was then tested on a case study. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (a) The accessibility of industrial land in Cape Town is linked closely to its CSD I Port (it was not possible to separate the CSD and the port), which is typical of a monocentric city structure. (b) There is a positive, significant, quantifiable relationship between accessibility as quantified by means of generalised cost and the economic value of industrial land, which was calculated by means of the shadow price technique. (c) There are a number of conditions that should be met for an increase in local industrial production potential to be translated into an equal amount of economic output.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die proefskrif som eerstens die bevindings van onlangse studies op wat die verwantskap tussen vervoer en ekonomiese ontwikkeling dokumenteer. Dit sluit die taksering van 'n aantal ekonomiese evaluasietegnieke in wat beskikbaar is om die impak van vervoer op ekonomiese ontwikkeling te voorspel. 'n Historiese oorsig word verskaf van die rol wat vervoer gespeel het in die ontwikkeling van Kaapstad. As gevolg van die feit dat die fases van ontwikkeling in die verlede internasionale ontwikkelingstendense gevolg het, word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat Kaapstad die globalisasie markera, wat tans internasionaal gestalte kry, sal navolg. 'n Aantal ekonomiese groeiscenarios word vir Kaapstad ontwikkel ten einde te bepaal hoe die stad die sosiodemografiese uitdagings van die volgende eeu sal hanteer. Die verwantskap tussen grondprys en die ekonomiese ontwikkelingspotensiaal van grond word omskryf, asook die faktore wat industriële grondprys bepaal. Die proses van die bepaling van die ekonomiese waarde van industriële grond word beskryf. Dit sluit die insamel en analise van besettingshuurdata van industriële dorpsgebiede, die berekening van eiendomswaarde en die berekening van die skaduprys van grond in. 'n Prosedure is ontwikkel vir die berekening van die toeganklikheid van industriële dorpsgebiede in Kaapstad. Eerstens is toeganklikheid in breë trekke gedefinieër. Dit is gevolg deur 'n bespreking van elk van die elemente van toeganklikheid, naamlik nabyheid, aansluiting en mobiliteit ten einde die faktore wat op die vlak van toeganklikheid mag impakteer te verstaan. Laastens is die vlak van toeganklikheid gekwantifiseer in terme van veralgemeende vervoerkoste. 'n Regressie-analise is onderneem ten einde die statistiese verwantskap tussen die ekonomiese waarde van industriële grond en toeganklikheid na industriële dorpsgebiede te bepaal. Die ontwikkeling van 'n numeriese model is op die regressie-analise gebaseer ten einde veranderinge in industriële grondpryse te voorspel, gegewe 'n verandering in toeganklikheid. Die model is op 'n gevallestudie toegepas. Die vernaamste gevolgtrekkings van die studie is : (a) Die toeganklikheid van industriële grond in Kaapstad is nou gekoppel aan die sentrale sakekern I hawe (dit was nie moontlik om die sentrale sakekern en hawe te skei nie), wat tipies is van n monosentriese staduitleg. (b) Daar is n noemenswaardige positiewe kwantifiseerbare verwantskap tussen toeganklikheid, soos gekwantifiseer in terme van veralgemeende koste, en die ekonomiese waarde van industriële grond wat deur middel van die skaduprystegniek bereken is. (c) Daar is 'n aantal voorwaardes waaraan voldoen moet word alvorens 'n toename in plaaslike industriële produksiepotensiaal tot 'n soortgelyke toename in ekonomiese ontwikelingspotensiaal sal lei.
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Prat, Busquets Pau. "Integrated management of urban wastewater systems: a model-based approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/80837.
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The main objective pursued in this thesis targets the development and systematization of a methodology that allows addressing management problems in the dynamic operation of Urban Wastewater Systems. The proposed methodology will suggest operational strategies that can improve the overall performance of the system under certain problematic situations through a model-based approach. The proposed methodology has three main steps: The first step includes the characterization and modeling of the case-study, the definition of scenarios, the evaluation criteria and the operational settings that can be manipulated to improve the system’s performance. In the second step, Monte Carlo simulations are launched to evaluate how the system performs for a wide range of operational settings combinations, and a global sensitivity analysis is conducted to rank the most influential operational settings. Finally, the third step consists on a screening methodology applying a multi-criteria analysis to select the best combinations of operational settings.El principal objectiu d’aquesta tesi és desenvolupar una metodologia que permeti abordar els problemes de gestió del cicle industrial de l’aigua. La metodologia proposada suggereix estratègies de gestió que poden millorar el rendiment general del sistema en determinades situacions problemàtiques. La metodologia proposada es basa en un model matemàtic de simulació d’aquestes infraestructures i consta de tres passos. El primer pas inclou la caracterització i modelització del cas d’estudi, la definició d’escenaris, criteris d’avaluació i paràmetres d’operació del sistema. En el segon pas, es llancen simulacions Monte Carlo (MC) amb l’objectiu d’avaluar com es comporta el sistema segons diferents estratègies d’operació. Per tal d’identificar els paràmetres d’operació més influents es du a terme una anàlisi global de sensibilitat. Finalment, el tercer pas consisteix en una metodologia d’avaluació basada en solucions Pareto i un anàlisi multicriteri per tal de seleccionar les millors estratègies d’operació.
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Adebola, Sunday. "Talent management : perspectives, practices and evaluation in UK private sector organisations." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34166/.
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Talent management continues to attract attention in both the practitioner and the academic literature. However, despite its ascendency and popularity, there are many gaps left for further theoretical development because it remains a fairly new concept. Thunnissen (2016) noted that one of the key challenges that scholars have experienced over the past decade has been some unanswered questions regarding the definition, scope and goals of talent management. Moreover, there is little empirical research into the ways that organisations evaluate their own programmes or into the impacts that talent management has on people and organisations. This study seeks to contribute to the conceptual and empirical understanding of the nature of talent management and its evaluation. Interpretivist philosophy was adopted involving four qualitative case studies in private sector organisations. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with HR/talent managers, senior managers and employees in each organisation. Findings show that the identification, development and retention of talented employees were key features of the talent management processes observed. Findings also reveals that the conceptualization and operationalization of talent management varies between organisations but in a way that each variation and its accompanying philosophy can be described in terms of a core driver namely succession planning, valuable goods, pivot points and inclusion. Although evaluation is seen as a very important aspect of the talent management process, the impacts of talent initiatives on the organisation are not measured. Furthermore, this study identifies a number of emergent factors that practitioners should be aware of and account for in the talent management process including managing the expectations of employees in the talent scheme, transparency of the talent management process, issues relating to gender diversity, allowing employees to develop at their own pace as well as issues relating to direct line managers having the sole responsibility of identifying talent.
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Wylie, Diana. "The urban edge : a spatial planning tool or device for land development management : a Western Cape perspective." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20775.
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The regulation of South African land use planning law is challenging; it is a field that is complex and not fully understood.1 One reason for the complexity in the past was the number of laws that were in force.2 Other factors include the number of authorities that are involved, the irregular implementation of the land use planning tools and the gap that is prevalent generally between planning theory and practise.34 The assortment of laws is implemented by authorities using land use planning tools.5 An array of land use planning tools, such as zoning and urban edge boundaries, are used in the planning process to distinguish the various aspects of development from one another. The combined English and Roman Dutch sources of our planning law passed down traditional land use planning devices such as: zoning schemes, subdivision and title deed restrictions.6 A range of unique South African tools, such as; guide plans, regional plans and urban structure plans were used for regional planning during apartheid times.7 Several new planning tools have been created since 1994 to give effect to changing policy, such as; land development objectives, environmental impact assessments (EIAs), integrated development plans (IDPs), spatial development frameworks (SDFs), the designation of different types of protected areas; urban edge lines and marine set back delineations.8 This thesis will analyse the status of the urban edge as a land use planning tool.
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Chimuti, Abigail. "Knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of males in Bindura urban (Zimbabwe) towards medical male circumcision (MMC)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79964.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Medical male circumcision (MMC) has emerged as one of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention methods for HIV negative men engaged in heterosexual contact. Many studies have documented its efficiency in reducing the risk of contracting HIV infection in men. Because of that, Zimbabwe like other countries in the Southern Africa region, with generalised HIV infections is finding ways to scale-up MMC in non-circumcised communities. This study searched for knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of males in Bindura urban towards MMC. Bindura is the capital city of the Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe. This town has diverse people with different social backgrounds who economically depend on the surrounding mines and commercial farms. Given the enormous differences in culture, religion, social and value systems among these people it was of particular importance to understand how they perceive medical male circumcision. Methodology: The study was conducted using quantitative data collection method. Random selection was done to choose respondents and age was used to determine eligibility to the study. The qualifying age was 18-49 and a sample size of 60 was considered to be appropriate taking into consideration financial and time associated with large samples. Structured questionnaire with open-ended and closed questions were used to gather data. Likert scale was used on some questions to determine perceptions and attitudes of respondents. The questionnaires used to solicit information did not require respondent to provide his name for purposes of maintain confidentiality but contained identification number. In some cases, Chi-square test for independence was conducted to test for associations between demographic characteristics and observed responses. Comparison of responses between the age groups 18-29 and 30-49 years were also done to determine if there were some differences in representations of respondents in observed responses. Results: The study aimed to assess knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of males in Bindura urban towards MMC and barriers they were confronting in accessing MMC. Respondents showed high level of awareness about HIV/AIDS intensity in Zimbabwe. Male circumcision (MC) was perceived by the majority of respondents as important in curbing HIV infections. A significant proposition of respondents regarded medical reasons as the most common reason why people undergo MC. However respondents demonstrated poor knowledge or understanding of other strategies that must be used in conjunction with MC. Risks associated with operation, its cost and protection of confidentiality and consideration of family concerns were considered by respondents as barriers to MMC. Availability of accurate information about MMC and easing of access to MMC services were considered to be very important facilitating factors. Religious and cultural reasons and stigma from peers and friends were considered non barriers. Statistically significant associations were only detected between MMC being motivated by medical reasons and demographic characteristics of age and marital status and also an association between education level and stigma as a barrier for MMC. The study failed to show a significant association between other observed responses and demographic characteristics.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Mediese manlike besnyding (MMB) het na vore gekom as een van die metodes vir die voorkoming van die oordrag van die menslike immuniteitsgebreksvirus (MIV) deur MIV-negatiewe mans betrokke by heteroseksuele kontak. Baie studies het reeds die doeltreffendheid daarvan ten opsigte van die vermindering van die risiko van MIV-infeksie by mans gedokumenteer. As gevolg daarvan is Zimbabwe, soos ander lande in die Suider-Afrika-streek met algemene MIV-infeksies, op soek na maniere om MMB by onbesnyde gemeenskappe uit te brei. Hierdie studie wou kennis, persepsies en gesindhede van manlike persone in die Bindura-stadsgebied ten opsigte MMB bepaal. Bindura is die hoofstad van die sentrale provinsie Masjonaland in Zimbabwe. Hierdie stad word bewoon deur diverse mense met verskillende maatskaplike agtergronde wat ekonomies van die omliggende myne en kommersiële plase afhanklik is. Gegewe die groot verskille in kultuur, godsdiens, maatskaplike en waardestelsels onder hierdie mense, was dit van besondere belang om te begryp hoe hulle mediese manlike besnyding verstaan. Metodologie: Die studie het van die kwantitatiewe data-insamelingsmetode gebruik gemaak. Ewekansige seleksie is gebruik om respondente te kies en ouderdom is gebruik om geskiktheid vir deelname aan die studie te bepaal. Die kwalifiserende ouderdom was 18-49 jaar en ʼn monstergrootte van 60 is geskik beskou in ag geneem finansiële beperkinge en tyd verbonde aan groot monsters. ʼn Gestruktureerde vraelys met oop en geslote vrae is gebruik om data in te samel. ʼn Likert-tipe skaal is by sommige vrae gebruik om persepsies en gesindhede van respondente te bepaal. Die vraelyste wat gebruik is om inligting te ontlok, het dit nie vir respondente nodig gemaak om hulle name te verskaf nie ten einde vertroulikheid te verseker, maar het ’n identifikasienommer bevat. In sommige gevalle is die chi-kwadraattoets vir onafhanklikheid gedoen om te toets vir verbande tussen demografiese eienskappe en response wat waargeneem is. Vergelyking van response tussen die ouderdomsgroepe 18-29 en 30-49 jaar is ook gedoen om te bepaal of daar enige verskille in verteenwoordigings van respondente in die waargenome response was. Resultate: Die studie wou kennis, persepsies en gesindhede ten opsigte van MMB by manlike persone in die Bindura-stadsgebied en hindernisse waarvoor hulle te staan kom ten einde toegang tot MMB te verkry, bepaal. Respondente het ʼn hoë vlak van bewustheid omtrent die intensiteit van MIV/VIGS in Zimbabwe getoon. Manlike besnyding (MB) is deur die meerderheid respondente as belangrik by die beperking van MIV-infeksies beskou. ʼn Beduidende aantal respondente het mediese redes gesien as die algemeensien rede waarom mense MB ondergaan. Respondente het egter swak kennis of begrip van ander strategieë wat tesame met MB gebruik moet word, getoon. Risiko’s geassosieer met die operasie, die koste daarvan en beskerming van vertroulikheid en agting vir die familie se bekommernisse is deur respondente as hindernisse met betrekking tot MMB beskou. Beskikbaarheid van akkurate inligting omtrent MMB en vergemakliking van toegang tot MMB-dienste is gesien as baie belangrike fasiliterende faktore. Godsdienstige en kulturele redes en stigmatisasie deur portuurs en vriende is nie as hindernisse beskou nie. Statisties beduidende verbande is slegs tussen MMB gemotiveer deur mediese redes en demografiese eienskappe van ouderdom en huwelikstatus bespeur en ook ʼn verband tussen opvoedingspeil en stigma as ʼn hindernis vir MMB. Die studie het nie daarin geslaag om ʼn beduidende verband tussen ander waargenome response en demografiese eienskappe aan te toon nie.
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Mojica, Bonilla Ana I. "Assessing Urban Containment Policies for Managing the Urban Growth of Santa Tecla City, El Salvador." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1195154675.
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Evans, Graeme L. "Planning for the arts : an urban renaissance? : a critique of arts policy and town planning and their relationship." Thesis, City University London, 1997. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8273/.
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The study examines the development of arts policy and town planning in the United Kingdom and investigates their relationship in the provision of arts and cultural amenity in urban contexts. The historic evolution of arts planning is taken through the pre and post-Welfare State periods, concentrating on national arts and related environmental, urban and economic policies. The evolution of town planning in Britain is assessed both in terms of urban policy and planning and as they affect arts provision and development. The position of London and the 'regions' is assessed in terms of the distribution of arts resources, in the light of the Arts Council's 'Glory of the Garden' strategy (1984) and subsequent initiatives and this is extended to the increasing influence of European policy through cultural and economic development programmes. The adoption of economic rationales for arts provision and investment is assessed in terms of the shift towards a cultural industries approach to local economic development. Arts-led tourism and the use of cultural attractions as part of inward investment and image improvement strategies are contrasted with the provision of local arts facilities, taking the example of the arts centre and workspace for artist and crafts producer. The application of planning standards for leisure and recreation is evaluated in terms of arts amenity planning and the relative outcomes of arts versus sports provision. Two surveys of London local authorities assess the adoption of arts and urban regeneration measures and the place of arts amenities in local land-use plans. The results are then compared with other citiesin the UK and overseas. A detailed analysis of one London borough, Isli ngton, is made in terms of arts policy and provision in the context of the national planning regimes operating during the 1980s. A local cultural quarter, Clerkenwell, is then investigated in terms of the impact of such policy and planning changes on artist, crafts and other cultural production and premises usage. The thesis develops the case for the utilisation of arts planning standards and the results suggest an integrated policy and planning approach to local arts provision, and to economic and cultural development, at both local and regional levels.
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Hormenu, Michael Commander. "Municipal Organic Waste Composting as Management Option for Urban Agriculture: A case of Accra Metropolis, Ghana." Thesis, KTH, VA-teknik, Vatten, Avlopp och Avfall, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96301.
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The ever-increasing population in the metropolis of Accra, Ghana resulting in con-cerns for finding lasting solutions to manage large volumes of waste produced can be tackled through composting for urban agriculture. With insanitary land filling serving as the major disposal option in the metropolis, plans to build the first ever sanitary landfill facility in the metropolis calls for measures to be taken in order to prolong the lifespan of the facility. This therefore necessitates the need to look into an alternative means of diverting organic waste from landfills. The objective of this research is to re-view the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management situations in Accra Metropolitan Assembly upon which an investigation is made into the various process steps involved in aerobic windrow composting and also finding out the possibility for integrating composting with urban agriculture. The study relied mainly on secondary data obtained from books, published articles, governmental documents, internet, and master thesis reports on related topics. By the help of a causal loop diagram, the interdependence of various policy actions and sys-tem elements in the waste management process are linked to illustrate the possibility of a composting programme for urban agriculture. Even though the metropolis for some time back has been operating a centralized composting facility, the facility is confirmed to be closed down due to problems ema-nating from financial inadequacy, power failure and mechanical breakdown. The study delve into the process steps in windrow composting and finally identified potentials for composting in the metropolis but however enumerated constraints ranging from human and environmental health, financial, institutional, policy directives, to public and leadership attitudes as stumbling blocks to the implementation of a centralized composting scheme. It finally concluded that the metropolis has the potentials to embark on composting for urban agriculture however, until measures are taken to overcome these constraints, implementing a centralized composting scheme in the metropolis may not be a sustainable option. It is further recommended that whiles the city authorities continue to tackle the constraints to pave way for the implementation of the program, efforts must be made in promoting small scale composting that rely on manually operated tools to help reduce organic waste loads in the municipal waste stream.