Relevant bibliographies by topics / Uranium mines and mining

Academic literature on the topic 'Uranium mines and mining'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Uranium mines and mining"

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Stupnik, Mykola, Vsevolod Kalinichenko, Mykhaylo Fedko, Serhii Pysmennyi, Olena Kalinichenko, and Alexey Pochtarev. "Methodology enhancement for determining parameters of room systems when mining uranium ore in the SE “SkhidGZK” underground mines, Ukraine." Mining of Mineral Deposits 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining16.02.033.

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Purpose. The present paper aims to enhance methodology for determining the safety and stability parameters of room mining systems with backfilling of the mined-out area when mining uranium ores in underground mines of the State Enterprise “Skhidnyi Mining and Beneficiation Plant” (SE “SkhidGZK”). Methods. The analytical research method used in the presented paper includes the analysis of previous relevant instructions and reports on the research performed at the SE “SkhidGZK”, as well as publications on the subject, operational geological survey documentation containing monitoring data on the stress-strain state of the rock mass surrounding the formed cavities and the actual state of the mined-out blocks in all underground mines of SE “SkhidGZK”. Findings. The research performed enables development of a new instruction for determining the safety and stability parameters of the room systems with backfilling when mining uranium ores in the SE “SkhidGZK” underground mines. Based on the developed new instruction, the stability of outcrops in mined-out rooms has been calculated, considering the actual time of their life. The obtained parameters fully correspond to actual stability of rooms in blocks of all underground mines. This indicates that the new instruction is more advanced as compared to the current Instruction and its implementation will contribute to mine safety enhancement. Originality. The increased depth of mining uranium ore in the SE “SkhidGZK” underground mines and the increase in lifetime of mined-out rooms require regular adjustment of the methodology for determining their safety and stability parameters. Based on the accumulated production experience, the observations conducted and a thorough analysis of the actual state of cavities, new and adjusted current dependences have been obtained that more accurately consider the impact of both determined factors and those unprovisioned in the current Instruction for determining the safety and stability parameters of rooms. Practical implications. The advanced methodology for determining the safety and stability parameters of room systems in comparison with the methodology described in the current Instruction at the “SkhidGZK” underground mines provides higher accuracy when determining the design parameters of rooms in the stoping blocks and greater reliability of predictive stability of both individual outcrops and rooms in general.
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Dolchinkov, Nikolay, Yanitsa Boyanova, and Nikolay Nichev. "URANIUM MINES IN BULGARIA - ANALYSIS OF THE STATE 30 YEARS AFTER THEIR CLOSURE." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 22, 2024): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2024vol1.8002.

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Uranium mining in Bulgaria dates back to 1939 and was made a historical aspect of uranium mining in Bulgaria until its liquidation in 1992. The measures taken under Decree No. 74 / 27.03.1998 to liquidate the consequences of mining and processing are described of uranium and the omissions to be made. eliminated in this regard. Until the end of uranium mining in 1992, the annual production of uranium was 660-680 t, of which 430 t was obtained by geotechnical method - drilling with sand-type uranium drilling. They are poor in uranium (below 0.05%), but with several times cheaper yields (average $40/kg for 1970-1990). The problems related to the reclamation of lands around uranium deposits and enterprises are shown. The condition of the terrain around the mines and the results of the samples from 2000 and 2010 have been analysed and recommendations for improving the condition and subsequent investigation of the condition of the adjacent terrain have been identified.
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Qin, Guoxiu, Yujuan Liu, Qimin Wang, Fan Li, Weizhe Li, and Hexi Wu. "INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS AT TYPICAL URANIUM MINES IN THE SOUTH OF CHINA." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 189, no. 3 (April 24, 2020): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa047.

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Abstract The environmental radioactivity levels of two typical uranium mines in the south of China were investigated and analysed. According to the characteristics of uranium mines, the relevant parameters, including the surface gamma ray dose rate, concentration of radon in the air and concentration of radionuclides in the soil and surface water, of two uranium mines were evaluated and analysed. The results show that residents in the mining area were exposed to average maximum annual effective doses of 1.69 and 1.58 mSv due to the inhalation of radon and its daughters, while the employees received 2.59 and 1.87 mSv, respectively. Residents in the mining area were exposed to average maximum annual effective doses of 0.77 and 0.69 mSv due to gamma ray, while the employees received 1.64 and 1.33 mSv, respectively.
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Göcke, Katja. "Uranium Mining in Nunavut." Yearbook of Polar Law Online 5, no. 1 (2013): 119–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116427-91000121.

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Abstract The Inuit in the Canadian Arctic have fought uranium mining on their ancestral lands for years. In 1993, after decades of negotiations, the federal government and Inuit representatives signed the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement (“NLCA”), which not only provided for the creation of the Territory of Nunavut as new political entity within the Canadian federal system and the establishment of a public territorial government, but also transferred land and resource ownership over vast areas of the newly-created territory, as well as considerable co-management rights, to the Inuit of Nunavut. To govern these special rights and benefits on behalf of the Inuit of Nunavut and to watch over the implementation of and adherence to the NLCA, the NLCA established the Inuit-organization Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. (“NTI”). Initially NTI banned uranium mining. In 2007, however, NTI reversed its stance and adopted a pro-uranium policy without prior Inuit, community or public input. Following the adoption of the new policy, several uranium mining companies have started to negotiate agreements with NTI to open mines on Inuit-owned lands. NTI’s decision to lift its ban on uranium mining has not only initiated a public debate on the safety and desirability of uranium mining in Nunavut but also calls the legitimacy of the political system of Nunavut into question. This paper will look at the different stakeholders involved in the uranium controversy and their powers to take and influence decisions regarding uranium mining. It is argued that the uranium controversy has revealed a democracy deficit that needs to be addressed.
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DeBoom, Meredith J. "Nuclear (Geo)Political Ecologies: A Hybrid Geography of Chinese Investment in Namibia's Uranium Sector." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 46, no. 3 (December 2017): 53–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261704600303.

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Namibia's Husab uranium mine is the Chinese government's largest investment in Africa to date. This article develops a theoretical framework of hybridity to analyse the (geo)political and ecological implications of China's rising global influence in uranium mining. Drawing on multiple-methods fieldwork, the article explains how Husab has resuscitated Namibia's uranium industry and facilitated the political goals of both Chinese and Namibian leaders. Husab's materialisation of “South–South solidarity,” however, also appears to be deepening the marginalisation of minority communities near uranium mines. Far from paradoxical, this uneven distribution of benefits and costs is as intertwined with nuclear geopolitics as it is with the materiality of uranium mining.
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Воробьев, А. Е., Е. С. Орынгожин, Г. П. Метакса, and О. Ш. Шамшиев. "Uranium mines and the biosphere: from oppression to the biota mutagenesis." Горный журнал Казахстана, no. 2(190) (February 23, 2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.48498/minmag.2021.190.2.007.

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В статье представлена история урановых рудников с давних пор: детализированы природно-техногенные объекты Кан-и-Гут (Рудник погибели) и рудник Туя-Муюн, а также другие рудники Ферганской долины. Показано, что уранодобывающие предприятия характерны для многих стран мира: Австралии, Казахстана, России, Канады, ЮАР, Украины, Узбекистана, США, Бразилии и Намибии. Показаны основные рудные урановые минералы. Рассмотрены способы добычи и переработки урансодержащих пород. Раскрыты главные аспекты воздействия урановых рудников на геосферу Земли (в том числе и на биосферу). Выделен период полураспада урана и отдельно показаны виды радиационного воздействия на геосферу от урановых рудников. Объяснены процессы угнетения биоты радиоактивным излучением, а также появление мутагенеза, вплоть до окультуренной растительности. The article presents the history of uranium mines since ancient times: the natural and man-made objects Kan-i-Gut (Perdition Mine) and Tuya-Muyun mine, as well as other mines of the Ferghana Valley, are detailed. It is shown that uranium mining enterprises are typical for many countries of the world: Australia, Kazakhstan, Russia, Canada, South Africa, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, the United States, Brazil and Namibia. The main ore uranium minerals are shown. Methods of extraction and processing of uranium-containing rocks are considered. The main aspects of the impact of uranium mines on the Earth's geosphere (including the biosphere) are revealed. The half-life of uranium is distinguished and the types of radiation effects on the geosphere from uranium mines are shown separately. The processes of biota suppression by radioactive radiation, as well as the appearance of mutagenesis, up to cultivated vegetation, are explained.
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Skipochka, Serhii, Tetiana Palamarchuk, Liliia Prokhorets, and Viktor Serhiienko. "Development of a system for ranking geomechanical factors, which influence the stability of uranium mines workings." Geo-Technical Mechanics, no. 165 (2023): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/geotm2023.165.005.

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The subject of research presented in the article are processes that take into account the influence of geomechanical factors on the stability of mining workings of uranium mines. The purpose of this work is development of a system for ranking geomechanical factors by the degree of danger based on the analysis of risk factors that affect the stability of uranium mines. The work uses critical analysis and generalization of both own research results and the results of domestic and foreign authors. The geomechanical factors that affect the stability of the mining workings of uranium mines have been determined. It is shown that their influence has both a direct and an indirect effects due to the connection with mining-geological and technological parameters. The stability of the workings is significantly influenced by mining and technical factors (outcropping time, working space length, floor height, compression properties and structure of the backfill mass, chamber width, dynamics of cleaning works progress), mining and geological factors (depth of mining, thickness of the ore body, strength (deformation)) and physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass. In addition, the engineering and technical conditions of mine construction have a significant impact, in particular, the form and size of the workings, their orientation in the massif, the method of carrying out and supporting, the design and technology of fastening, etc. It is practically impossible to simultaneously take into account all factors in an analytical way, so it is necessary to select one or two main factors that are of decisive importance for the description of a specific geomechanical process. The originality of the work is the proposed ranking of geomechanical factors that affect the stability of mining workings of uranium mines. The ranking of geological, physical and mechanical factors on the stability of the chamber system elements at underground mining of uranium ores, according to the degree of attenuation of the influence, is as follows: strength of rocks → structure of the massif → angle of fall of the deposit → water content of the deposit → thickness of a seam. The ranking of the influence of support preparatory and capital workings on their stability, according to the degree of risk decrease, is as follows: no support → grid with anchors → sprayed concrete → wooden support → metal frame support with tightening → metal arches in concrete. Generalized ranking of the influence of the most significant factors on the stability of mining workings: geological, physical and mechanical factors → parameters of the development system → fastening technologies.
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Murdock, Caitlin E. "A Gulag in the Erzgebirge? Forced Labor, Political Legitimacy, and Eastern German Uranium Mining in the Early Cold War, 1946–1949." Central European History 47, no. 4 (December 2014): 791–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938914001939.

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“Dear Papa! I have been conscripted into a living grave. . . .” So began a letter in the West Berlin newspaperDer Sozialdemokratin March 1948. The young man had been sent to work in the Soviet occupation zone's uranium mines, near Aue in the Saxon Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), and had written to his parents in despair. The news article that accompanied the letter explained, “The uranium mines… are not in the Urals, but in the Erzgebirge. But reports from [the Erzgebirge] are as hard to come by as [ones] from the Urals.” Other newspapers in Germany's Western zones of occupation also published reports of “slave conditions,” and “forced labor” in the mines.
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Carasco, C., B. Pérot, J. L. Ma, H. Toubon, and A. Dubille-Auchère. "Improving gross count gamma-ray logging in uranium mining with the NGRS probe." EPJ Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817005001.

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AREVA Mines and the Nuclear Measurement Laboratory of CEA Cadarache are collaborating to improve the sensitivity and precision of uranium concentration measurement by means of gamma ray logging. The determination of uranium concentration in boreholes is performed with the Natural Gamma Ray Sonde (NGRS) based on a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. The total gamma count rate is converted into uranium concentration using a calibration coefficient measured in concrete blocks with known uranium concentration in the AREVA Mines calibration facility located in Bessines, France. Until now, to take into account gamma attenuation in a variety of boreholes diameters, tubing materials, diameters and thicknesses, filling fluid densities and compositions, a semi-empirical formula was used to correct the calibration coefficient measured in Bessines facility. In this work, we propose to use Monte Carlo simulations to improve gamma attenuation corrections. To this purpose, the NGRS probe and the calibration measurements in the standard concrete blocks have been modeled with MCNP computer code. The calibration coefficient determined by simulation, 5.3 s-1.ppmU-1 ± 10%, is in good agreement with the one measured in Bessines, 5.2 s-1.ppmU-1. Based on the validated MCNP model, several parametric studies have been performed. For instance, the rock density and chemical composition proved to have a limited impact on the calibration coefficient. However, gamma self-absorption in uranium leads to a nonlinear relationship between count rate and uranium concentration beyond approximately 1% of uranium weight fraction, the underestimation of the uranium content reaching more than a factor 2.5 for a 50 % uranium weight fraction. Next steps will concern parametric studies with different tubing materials, diameters and thicknesses, as well as different borehole filling fluids representative of real measurement conditions.
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Duisebayeva, T., and A. Arbuz. "The use of chlorine-containing agents in the processing of spent blocks of uranium deposits." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 326, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.29.

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The work is aimed at diversifying existing mines for the extraction and processing of natural uranium through additional processing of spent blocks of uranium deposits with chemical solutions using the method of in-situ well leaching (ISL) in order to extract associated useful components. A feature of this technology is the use of the existing production infrastructure for the extraction of associated useful components in existing uranium mines, without significant capital investments in production infrastructure and mining operations. The technology of underground borehole leaching has been reliably developed in uranium deposits for decades. The fundamental similarity of the technology for the extraction of uranium and a number of associated useful components (APC) - by the ISR method, allows the use of spent ore fields of uranium deposits for the extraction of PPC. The use of ready-made technological infrastructure (wells, pipeline network, pumping equipment, control units, etc.) allows, due to savings on infrastructure costs, to obtain profitability when mining ore-bearing blocks with a content of recoverable components from ≤ 1 g/t, up to 0.1 g/t. Taking into account the indirect savings of significant costs for the reclamation of spent blocks, it will be profitable to mine blocks with a content of recoverable components up to 0.01 g/t. In view of the foregoing, this technology has a good prospect for implementation in production.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Uranium mines and mining"

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Morris, Margaret M. "Analysis of the Anti-uranium Movements' response to the abolition of the Three Named Uranium Mine policy /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envm8768.pdf.

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Proulx, Michèle. "The uranium mining industry of the Bancroft area, an environmental history and heritage assessment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21696.pdf.

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Louw, Alet. "The environmental regulation of uranium mines in Namibia : a project life cycle analysis / Louw A." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7600.

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Uranium exploration and mining activities in Namibia have increased rapidly since 2003, which increase not only poses a significant impact on the country’s economy, but also on its unique and pristine natural environment. The nature and extent of the environmental impacts associated with uranium mining requires a sound environmental law and policy framework that regulates uranium activities, impacts and aspects during each phase of the project life cycle of a uranium mine. It also requires of authorities to establish and enhance environmental protection and sustainability during uranium mining operations and to ensure that all environmental impacts that inevitably occur as a result of uranium mining activities are addressed in a holistic and integrated manner during each phase of the project life cycle of a uranium mine. In order to do this the country must develop and maintain an efficient and effective environmental governance regime. Namibia’s environmental law and policy framework that regulates uranium mining does not cover the entire PLC of uranium mining. It is vital that the current loops in the country’s existing environmental regulatory framework be closed and that an efficient and effective environmental governance regime, as envisaged in this study, be established. This will enable the administering agents to actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people, ecosystems, essential ecological processes and the biodiversity of Namibia, as well as the utilisation of living natural resources on a sustainable basis to the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future, as pledged in the Namibian Constitution.
Thesis (LL.M. (Environmental law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Martin, Paul Craig. "Radiological impact assessment of uranium mining and milling." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.

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Conde, Puigmal Marta. "Resistance to Mining. Enabling Factors and control of knowledge in uranium mining conflicts in Africa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/328709.

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La resistencia a la minería no es una novedad y sin embargo, la extracción de recursos se ha ido expandiendo material y geográficamente durante los últimos 150 años, llegando a nuevas fronteras, moviendo cantidades más grandes de tierra y agua e impactando a más comunidades. Las resistencias que han surgido contribuyen cada vez más a la forma de la frontera de extracción siendo a su vez un factor importante en la política económica de la expansión minera. Así pues, es cada vez más crucial entender porque surge resistencia social a la minería y como está evolucionando. Esta tesis focaliza la atención en el uranio, la fuente de la energía nuclear, estudiando las dinámicas industriales de la minería de uranio, los impactos e implicaciones a la salud, y la resistencia en la frontera de extracción del uranio en África. Namibia y Níger, los principales productores de uranio en África, están a la cabeza de lo que ha sido una fuerte demanda global de uranio parcialmente ralentizada por el accidente Tepco-Fukushima. Esta tesis propone tres factores que pueden ayudar a explicar el surgimiento e intensidad de la resistencia de comunidades locales a la minería de uranio: la ecología y la geografía del recurso, el grado y tipo de marginalización política y económica de la comunidad, y crucialmente, la creación de alianzas externas que conecten e integren las inquietudes locales con movimientos sociales más amplios y demandas globales. Muestro como estos tres elementos juegan un papel diferente en cinco comunidades en Namibia que están o estarán afectadas por la minería de uranio, y explico como las ecologías locales de resistencia dan forman, o no, a la frontera global del uranio. Los casos presentados tratan sobre radiación de bajo nivel causada por la minería de uranio que afecta la salud de los trabajadores y la de las comunidades cercanas a la mina. Con personas impactadas reclamando relaciones causales que no están probadas científicamente, el peso de probar su impacto queda relegado a las comunidades. A través de contactos, grupos de organización de base en Níger y Namibia están aliándose con científicos y produciendo nuevo conocimiento para protegerse de los impactos de la minería y confrontar la manufacturación de incertidumbre producida por las compañías mineras. Impulsado localmente, este proceso de ‘Activismo Movilizando Ciencia’ (AMS en inglés) da a los activistas visibilidad y legitimidad para transformarse en nuevos actores políticos y formar parte de una “comunidad extendida de iguales” (siguiendo el lenguaje de la ciencia post normal). Un segundo objetivo de esta tesis es descubrir como la resistencia a la minería ha evolucionado. Mientras huelgas, protestas y demandas relacionadas con temas laborales han dominado conflictos mineros a través de la historia, estamos viendo como en las últimas dos décadas comunidades que viven en las zonas aledañas a los proyectos mineros están oponiéndose cada vez más a los proyectos mineros por temas ambientales y objetando su falta de representación y participación en las decisiones que conciernen su desarrollo. Estos grupos están innovando con una combinación de narrativas locales y alternativas con discursos globales de derechos y justicia ambiental. Las alianzas entre escalas han permitido a grupos locales incrementar su conocimiento y visibilidad, actuar en contra de su débil posición en la cadena de producción y a la emergencia de diversas estrategias como juicios legales y consultas comunales. La respuesta del estado y de las compañías mineras a esta resistencia también se explora. La tesis concluye, que si bien los recursos y la geografía de un proyecto minero son factores determinantes en un conflicto socio-ambiental, el esfuerzo de una comunidad por adquirir reconocimiento y participar conduce a la conexión e integración de preocupaciones locales con exigencias políticas más amplias o a la producción de nuevo conocimiento, trayectos clave para la formación y éxito de movimientos de resistencia a la minería.
Resistance to mining is not new and nonetheless, resource extraction has been expanding materially and geographically during the last 50 years, reaching new frontiers, moving bigger quantities of soil and water and impacting more communities. The resistances that are emerging are becoming more relevant in shaping the commodity frontier and are an important factor in the political economy of mineral expansion. Thus, it has become crucial to understand why is resistance to mining emerging and how is it evolving. Bringing attention to uranium, the often forgotten source of nuclear power, this thesis studies the industrial dynamics of uranium mining, its impacts and health implications, and the resistance at the uranium mining frontier in Africa. Namibia and Niger, the main producers of uranium in Africa, stand at the forefront of what was a global uranium rush partially slowed down by the Tepco-Fukushima accident. This thesis proposes three enabling factors that help to explain the emergence and intensity of resistance by local communities to uranium mining: the ecology and geography of the resource; the degree and type of political and economic marginalisation of the community; and crucially, the creation of extra-local alliances that connect and integrate local concerns with broader social movements and global demands. I show how these three attributes play out differently in five Namibian communities that have been, or stand to be, affected by uranium mining, and explain how local ecologies of resistance shape, or fail to shape, the global uranium frontier. The cases presented deal with Low Level Radiation caused by uranium mining affecting workers' health and those of people living in nearby communities. With people impacted claiming causal links that are still not scientifically sustained, the burden of proof is left to the communities. Through extra-local contacts local grassroots organisations in Niger and Namibia are engaging with scientists to produce new knowledge to learn how to protect themselves from the impacts and confront the manufactured uncertainty and other information produced by the mining companies. Locally driven, this ‘Activism Mobilizing Science’ process gives activists visibility and legitimacy to become new political actors and form part of an ‘extended peer review’ community (in Post Normal science language). A second objective of this thesis aims at uncovering how resistance to mining has evolved. Whilst strikes, protest and demands linked to labour issues have dominated mining conflicts through history, we have seen how in the last two decades communities living in the surrounding areas of mining projects are increasingly opposing them on environmental grounds and objecting their lack of representation and participation in decisions concerning their development path. These groups are innovatively combining local narratives and alternatives with global discourses on rights (to clean water, to take decisions, indigenous rights) and environmental justice. Cross-scalar alliances have allowed local groups to increase their knowledge about the projects, give them visibility and comprehend and act against their weak position in the global commodity chain. These alliances have also contributed to the emergence of a diverse set of resistance strategies such as legal court cases, activist-scientist collaborations or "consultas" at community level to reject mining projects. The response of the state and the mining companies to resistance is also explored. The thesis concludes that whilst the resource and geography of a mining project are key determinants in a socio-environmental conflict, the community’s strive for participation and recognition drive the connection and integration of local concerns with broader political demands and the control or production of new knowledge, key paths in the formation and success of resistance movements to mining.
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Lambert, Janine. "A Life Cycle Assessment of a Uranium Mine in Namibia." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6291.

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Uranium mining and nuclear power is a controversial topic as of late, especially in light of the recent Fukushima event. Although the actual use of nuclear fuel has minimal environmental impact, its issues come at the very beginning and end of the fuel’s life cycle in both the mining and fuel disposal process. This paper focuses on a life cycle analysis (LCA) of uranium mine in the desert nation of Namibia in Southern Africa. The goal of this LCA is to evaluate the environmental effects of uranium mining. The LCA focuses on water and energy embodiment such that they can then be compared to other mines. The functional unit of the analysis is 1kg of yellowcake (uranium oxide). The processes considered include mining and milling at Langer Heinrich Uranium (LHU). The impact categories evaluated include the categories in ReCiPe assessment method with a focus of water depletion, and cumulative energy demand. It was found that the major environmental impacts are marine ecotoxicity, human toxicity, freshwater eutrophication, and freshwater ecotoxicity. These mainly came from electricity consumption in the mining and milling process, especially electricity generated from hard coal. Milling tailings was also a contributor, especially for marine ecotoxicity and human toxicity. The other electricity generation types, including nuclear, hydro, natural gas, and diesel contribute to marine exotoxicity and human toxicity as well. Hydro-electricity, tailings form milling, sodium carbonate, and nuclear electricity also cause freshwater eutrophication at the LHU mine. The major contributor of the water depletion was hard coal generated electricity consumption as well. Tailings also led to a level of water depletion that was significant but much smaller than that of the coal-based electricity. In terms of energy, weighting portrayed the main energy used to be nuclear power, in terms of MJ equivalents. Nuclear power was then followed by fossil fuels and finally hydropower. Most of the energy used was for the uranium mining process rather than the milling process. As expected, the direct water, and energy values, 0.5459 m3 and 97.34 kWh per kg of yellowcake, were much lower than the LCA embodiment values of 282.67 m3 and 76,479 kWh per kg of yellowcake. When compared to other mines, the water use at LHU was found to be much lower while the energy use was found to be much higher.
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Oliveira, Alexandre Pereira de. "Estimativa simultânea de parâmetros hidráulicos e de transporte em estéreis de mineração de urânio." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265444.

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Orientador: Marcio Luiz de Souza-Santos
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo a estimativa simultânea dos parâmetros hidráulicos e de transporte relacionados ao material existente em uma das pilhas de estéreis de mineração de urânio (Pilha de Estéreis 4) da Unidade Caldas das Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil (INB Caldas). Antes de realizar as estimativas, foi necessário conhecer as espécies químicas que são solubilizadas desse material pela ação das intempéries climáticas, sabendo-se que este material é rico em pirita (sulfeto de ferro, FeS2). Para isso foi montado um aparato experimental chamado de Experimento de Drenagem Ácida, no qual o processo de oxidação da pirita foi acompanhado em ambiente controlado. Foram feitas as determinações das concentrações de diversos elementos químicos estáveis e radioativos tanto no líquido ao longo dos testes, quanto no material sólido antes e depois dos testes. Foram calculadas a massa (ou atividade) total solubilizada, a taxa de solubilização e o percentual de solubilização. Os resultados mostraram quais espécies são mais facilmente solubilizadas e quais devem ser acompanhadas nos estudos de contaminação. As estimativas dos parâmetros hidráulicos e de transporte foram obtidas através da associação de um Experimento de Transporte de Solutos ao código computacional Hydrus-1D. Além da solução numérica do modelo adequado ao experimento, este código possui implementada a Técnica de Levenberg-Marquardt para estimativa de parâmetros. Foram estimados o conteúdo de água de saturação qs, a condutividade hidráulica de saturação Ks e o coeficiente de dispersão D. Os resultados mostraram que o parâmetro D é mais bem estimado, seguido por qs e Ks
Abstract: The present work aims to simultaneously estimate the hydraulic and transport parameters related to the material of one of the waste rock piles (Waste Rock Pile 4) from the Poços de Caldas uranium mining and milling facility. Before performing the estimation, it was necessary to study the chemical species that are dissolved from this material by the climate action, knowing a priori that the material is rich in pyrite (iron sulfide, FeS2). In order to follow the pyrite oxidation process within a controlled environment, an experimental apparatus called Acid Drainage Experiment was assembled. During tests, concentrations of various stable and radioactive chemical elements were determined in the liquid as well in the solid material before and after the tests. In addition, the total mass (or activity) dissolved, the rate of dissolution and the percentage of dissolution were calculated. Results showed which species are more easily dissolved and those that should be followed in contamination studies. The simultaneous estimation of the hydraulic and transport parameters was accomplished through the so called Solute Transport Experiment combined with the software Hydrus-1D. This software provides the numerical solution of an adequate model, using the Levenberg-Marquardt Technique for parameter estimation. The saturation water content qs, the saturation hydraulic conductivity Ks and the dispersion coefficient D were estimated. Results showed that the parameter D was well estimated, followed by qs and Ks
Doutorado
Termica e Fluidos
Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
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8

Silva, Daniela Villa Flor Montes Rey. "Implantação de técnica para determinação de parâmetros hidráulicos e de transporte de solutos em solos visando a aplicação em simulação computacional de migração de contaminantes." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263461.

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Orientador: Marcio Luiz de Souza-Santos
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo a implantação de uma técnica para estimativa simultânea dos parâmetros hidráulicos e de transporte de solutos em solos, visando a aplicação em simulação computacional de migração de contaminantes. Foi selecionado um aparato experimental para a realização do experimento de transporte de soluto em colunas, assim como o código Hydrus-1D para estimativa de parâmetros através da Técnica de Levenberg-Marquard. Para testar o método foi utilizado um solo arenoso não-reativo. Com esse material foram estimados o conteúdo de água de saturação qs, a condutividade hidráulica de saturação Ks e o coeficiente de dispersão D. Foram testadas quatro estratégias para a estimativa onde os parâmetros foram estimados simultaneamente e separadamente em ordens diversas. As estratégias que fazem a estimativa dos parâmetros separadamente apresentaram melhores resultados. Foi avaliada também a influência das dimensões das colunas nos resultados experimentais e nos resultados das estimativas, demonstrando que colunas de menor comprimento apresentam resultados melhores e que houve uma variação nos resultados devido à variação no diâmetro, o que está em desacordo com o modelo unidimensional utilizado. Em seguida amostras de solo da mina de urânio de Caldas foram testadas. Para este material foram estimados os mesmos parâmetros anteriores mais o coeficiente de distribuição Kd. Os valores estimados para os parâmetros com o solo da mina de urânio apresentaram pequenos desvios-padrão, caracterizando boas estimativas
Abstract: The objective of this work is to implement a technique for the simultaneous estimation of hydraulic and transport parameters of soils, aiming at the application on computational simulation of contaminant migration. An adequate experimental apparatus was selected for the solute transporte experiment in small columns. The software Hydrus-1D was selected as the simulation software capable of estimating the parameters through the Levenberg-Marquardt Technique. For the implementation of the methodology a non-reactive sandy soil was used. The saturation water content qs, the saturation hydraulic conductivity Ks and the dispersion coefficient D were estimated for this material. Four approaches were tested, including simultaneous and sequential estimations in various orders. The sequential estimation resulted in better results. The influence of the dimensions of the columns on the experimental and estimation results was also evaluated, demonstrating that columns with smaller high results in better estimations and that the diameter variations resulted in variation of the behavior, in disagreement with the unidimensional model used. Next, soil samples extracted from de Caldas uranium mine were used for the estimation of the same parameters together with the distribution coefficient Kd. Values for the estimated parameters with the soil samples from the uranium mine showed small standard deviations, characterizing good estimations
Doutorado
Termica e Fluidos
Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
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Roth, Cassandra (Cassandra B. ). "Local and expert knowledge in experienced mining communities : the case of a proposed uranium mine in Crownpoint." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114333.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2007.
Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-53).
Public access to science is an essential environmental justice component of any mining development. Both limited public access to professional scientific knowledge and little acknowledgment by professionals of the contributions of local knowledge hinder discussion of proposed mines. A proposed uranium mine in Crownpoint, New Mexico, a predominantly Navajo community, presents a case for studying the role of expert and local knowledge in the individual's perception of the risks and benefits associated with the mine. Interviews, supplemented with numerous Nuclear Regulatory Commission documents and other articles of the public record, were used to understand how people developed their personal understanding of the trade-offs of mining uranium in their town. This research reveals that family experiences and personal observations are correlated with individual perception of risk, but the perception of uncertainty is related the group of experts available to the individual. The results suggest that individuals in such communities should have access to a range of experts and that local knowledge and experiences should be taken into account when journalists, industry representatives and government officials translate expert knowledge for public consumption.
by Cassandra Roth.
S.B.
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Salles, Rodrigo dos Reis. "Depósito Metamórfico-Hidrotermal de U-ETR Mary Kathleen, Noroeste de Queensland, Austrália = uma investigação baseada em assinaturas hiperespectrais e aeroradiométricas." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287214.

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Orientadores: Carlos Roberto de Souza Filho, Thomas John Cudahy
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
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Resumo: O depósito metamórfico-hidrotermal de U-ETR Mary Kathleen, localiza-se à NW de Queensland, Austrália e está inserido na Província Metamórfica Mount Isa. Os litotipos predominantes nessa região compreendem rochas sedimentares (calcários, folhelhos e etc.), rochas vulcânicas (riolitos, basaltos, dacitos e etc.) e, subordinadamente, rochas granitóides (granodiorito, leucogranito porfirítico e etc.), metamorfisadas entre as fácies xisto-verde à anfibolito. O depósito Mary Kathleen (1550 Ma), atualmente exaurido, ocorre associado a skarns enriquecidos em U-ETR. A área de estudo contém ainda várias ocorrências de U com expressivas concentrações, além dos prospectos uraníferos Rita e Elaine Dorothy. Esta tipologia de depósito distingue-se dos principais depósitos mundiais de U pela ocorrência de alterações do tipo cálcio-silicática, granatização e metassomatismo de contato. Para tanto, foram necessárias condições físico-químicas especiais impostas pela instalação de intrusões graníticas de composição intermediária e ácida sobre calcário impuro, exatamente o caso da Mina Mary Kathleen. No presente estudo, são investigadas as assinaturas radiométricas regionais e as assinaturas hiperespectrais associadas aos minerais vetores da mineralização uranífera. No primeiro capítulo, dois métodos e técnicas de manipulação e integração de dados são comparados, com o objetivo de compilar mapas preditivos visando proporcionar subsídios adicionais à prospecção uranífera regional. Os mapas compilados pela abordagem Geoestatística foram fundamentados na análise das variáveis quanto a sua posição e variabilidade. O método baseado em Lógica Fuzzy reuniu mapas auto-explicativos ainda não experimentados na pesquisa mineral para a commodity U. Nesta conjuntura, áreas com alto potencial prospectivo foram evidenciadas a partir da integração dos dados aeroradiométricos. No segundo capítulo, imagens adquiridas pelo sensor hiperespectral HyMap foram processadas segundo um conjunto de métodos para extração de informações mineralógicas de detalhe. O principal resultado deste estudo foi a determinação das assinaturas hiperespectrais dos minerais satélites da Mina Mary Kathleen. Parte desta associação mineral consiste de minerais passíveis de detecção remota como a andradita, o epidoto, a hornblenda, a calcita e a escapolita. A análise espectral revelou ainda outros minerais tais como, goethita, caulinita e montmorillonita nas proximidades e frente de lavra da mina. Os cartogramas de abundância mineral, resultantes dos métodos de classificação hiperespectral Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) e Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF) foram combinados no espaço de cores RGB. Esta estratégia permitiu delinear áreas de domínio e mistura de minerais com grande aplicabilidade na pesquisa mineral uranífera
Abstract: The Mary Kathleen Metamorphic-Hydrothermal U-REE Deposit of northwest Queensland, Australia is inserted in the Mount Isa Metamorphic Province. The predominant rock types in the study area are represented by sedimentary rocks (limestone, shales, etc.), volcanics rocks (rhyolite, basalt, dacite, etc.) and subordinate intrusive rocks (granodiorite, porphyritic leucogranito, etc.) metamorphosed in green schist to amphibolites facies conditions. This Mary Kathleen deposit (1550 Ma), now depleted, is associated with skarns enriched in U-REE. Nevertheless, there are U occurrences with significant concentrations; also there are two prospectus uraniferous, Rita and Elaine Dorothy. This deposit type differs from the major world U deposits because of the paragenesis calc-silicates, garnetization phase and contact metasomatism. Thus, it is necessary physicochemical conditions imposed by granitic intrusions of intermediate and acid compositions upon impure limestone, as the case of Mary Kathleen Mine. In this study, we investigate the regional airborne radiometric and hyperspectral signatures associated with mineral vectors of uranium mineralization. In the first chapter, we compared two methods and techniques for handling and integration data to build predictive maps to support uranium mineral exploration. The maps compiled by the first technique were based on statistical analysis of the variables of position and variability. While the second method, based in Fuzzy Logic, compiled self-explanatory maps untried in mineral exploration for the commodity U. At this juncture, prospective areas with high potential were evidenced from the data integration of airborne gamma-ray. The second chapter, discuss the methods and techniques for hyperspectral remote sensing and digital image processing for airborne scanner HyMap image. The goal of this study was the analysis of hyperspectral signatures of calc-silicate paragenesis of Mary Kathleen Mine exposed by HyMap spectrum. Part of this mineral association consists of allanita, uraninite, andradite, epidote, hornblende, calcite and scapolite. Also, the spectra nalysis revealed occurrence of minerals such as goethite, kaolinite and montmorillonite nearby mining an open pit mine. The maps on mineral abundance resulting from the methods of hyperspectral classification of Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) e Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF), after compile mineral abundance maps were combined in RGB color space. This strategy allowed enhancing areas of domain and mineral mix with great applicability to uranium mineral exploration
Mestrado
Geologia e Recursos Naturais
Mestre em Geociências
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Books on the topic "Uranium mines and mining"

1

International, Conference on Uranium Mining and Hydrogeology (5th 2008 Freiberg Germany). Uranium, mining and hydrogeology. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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International Conference on Uranium Mining and Hydrogeology (5th 2008 Freiberg, Germany). Uranium, mining and hydrogeology. Edited by Merkel Broder and Hasche-Berger Andrea 1976-. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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International Conference on Uranium Mining and Hydrogeology (5th 2008 Freiberg, Germany). Uranium, mining and hydrogeology. Edited by Merkel Broder and Hasche-Berger Andrea 1976-. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Mineral Resources Development and Production. Impacts of past uranium mining practices. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Christensen, David H. Naturally occurring radioactive materials from uranium mining. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Limited, SENES Consultants. Environmental impacts of different uranium mining processes. [Edmonton]: Alberta Environment, 2008.

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Limited, SENES Consultants. Environmental impacts of different uranium mining processes. [Edmonton]: Alberta Environment, 2008.

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Merkel, Broder, and Mandy Schipek. The new uranium mining boom: Challenge and lessons learned. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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Doug, Brugge, Benally Timothy, and Yazzie-Lewis Esther 1950-, eds. The Navajo people and uranium mining. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2007.

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Doug, Brugge, Benally Timothy, and Yazzie-Lewis Esther 1950-, eds. The Navajo people and uranium mining. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Uranium mines and mining"

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Cazala, Charlotte, Christian Andrès, Jean-Louis Decossas, Michel Cathelineau, and Chantal Peiffert. "Impact of uranium mines water treatment on uranium and radium behaviour." In Uranium, Mining and Hydrogeology, 829–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87746-2_109.

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Stone, James, and Larry Stetler. "Environmental Impacts from the North Cave Hills Abandoned Uranium Mines, South Dakota." In Uranium, Mining and Hydrogeology, 371–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87746-2_48.

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Jany, Sven. "Digital elevation model created by airborne laser scanning in the field of mines areas." In Uranium, Mining and Hydrogeology, 915–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87746-2_119.

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Chałupnik, Stanislaw, and Małgorzata Wysocka. "Changes of radium concentration in discharge waters from coal mines in Poland as a result of mitigation." In Uranium, Mining and Hydrogeology, 839–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87746-2_110.

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Kovačević, Jovan, Zoran Nikić, and Petar Papić. "Natural Radioactive Elements in the Region of Closed Uranium Mines on Stara Planina, Eastern Serbia." In The New Uranium Mining Boom, 315–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22122-4_37.

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Paul, Michael, Thomas Metschies, Marcus Frenzel, and Jürgen Meyer. "The Mean Hydraulic Residence Time and Its Use for Assessing the Longevity of Mine Water Pollution from Flooded Underground Mines." In The New Uranium Mining Boom, 689–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22122-4_79.

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Andres, Christian, Charlotte Cazala, Emmanuel Ledoux, and Jean-Michel Schmitt. "Characterization of the Impact of Uranium Mines on the Hydrological System in a Granitic Context: Example of the Limousin Area in France." In The New Uranium Mining Boom, 653–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22122-4_75.

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Ramontja, Thibedi, Detlef Eberle, Henk Coetzee, Rüdiger Schwarz, and Axel Juch. "Critical Challenges of Acid Mine Drainage in South Africa’s Witwatersrand Gold Mines and Mpumalanga Coal Fields and Possible Research Areas for Collaboration Between South African and German Researchers and Expert Teams." In The New Uranium Mining Boom, 389–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22122-4_46.

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Tomasek, Ladislav, Jiri Hulka, Petr Rulik, Helena Mala, Irena Malatova, and Vera Beckova. "Estimates of Effective Doses Among Czech Uranium Miners." In The New Uranium Mining Boom, 51–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22122-4_6.

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Falck, W. Eberhard, and Henk Coetzee. "Making Uranium-Mining More Sustainable – The FP7 Project EO-MINERS." In The New Uranium Mining Boom, 211–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22122-4_25.

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Conference papers on the topic "Uranium mines and mining"

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Ross, Malcolm K., and Don Hovdebo. "Environmental Assessment Perspective of Decommissioning and Long-Term Management of Uranium Mine Tailings in Saskatchewan, Canada." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1256.

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Abstract Uranium was initially mined in Canada as a strategic mineral, primarily for export to the United States. Currently, uranium is produced for the global energy market and Saskatchewan is the sole producing province in Canada. Uranium development in Saskatchewan dates from 1953 and in 2000 accounted for 31% of global mine production. In the 1990’s the Saskatchewan Government Environmental Assessment Branch reviewed a new generation of uranium mines with large reserves and extremely high average grades. Technically, the development of these mines has required the development of innovative technologies to manage the environmental and occupational health and safety issues associated with the mining of high-grade uranium ores. While the development of these innovative technologies posed a challenge to science and engineering, the potential environmental impacts and level of public concern associated with the development of the high grade uranium deposits equally challenged the ability of the Province of Saskatchewan’s environmental assessment process to evaluate the acceptability of the proposed mines. During the assessment process a major technical, and public, issue was the decommissioning and long-term management of uranium tailings containing high levels of radionuclide and metal contaminants. While technically decommissioning and reclamation are phases of mining that are considered at the end of mine life, scrutiny of these issues during the assessment process contributed significantly to the public and technical acceptability of the proposed mine developments. The design, construction, operation, decommissioning and reclamation of uranium tailings management facilities for the proposed high-grade mines were subject to critical analysis during the technical and public review phases of the environmental assessment processes. Advances in tailings management design, incorporating innovative in-pit disposal methods capable of isolating decommissioned tailings from local groundwater regimes, presented a technical solution to concerns about long-term tailings containment after decommissioning. Public awareness and acceptance of the proposed mine developments was enhanced by the creation of an independent, public inquiry which ran concurrently with the existing federal and provincial assessment processes. The public inquiry was a critical factor, providing an independent forum where the technical acceptability of the proposed long-term tailings management methodologies was discussed. In retrospect the development of the new mines reflects the successful application of an assessment and review process in that the projects met the tests of technical and public acceptability in a process that was seen to be fair, timely, rigorous and public.
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Arno, Matthew G., Janine Katanic Arno, Donald A. Halter, Robert O. Berry, and Ian S. Hamilton. "Radiological Characterization of a Copper/Cobalt Mining and Milling Site." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16322.

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Extensive copper and cobalt ore deposits can be found in the Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo near the city of Kolwezi. These deposits have been mined via open pit and underground mines since the 19th century with many changes in control of the mines including colonial industrial control and Congolese government control. With the recent re-establishment of a relatively stable democratic government in the DRC, foreign investors returned to the area to restart mining activities that were abruptly terminated in the 1990’s due to political turmoil. Some of these new projects are being performed in accordance with World Bank and International Finance Corporation Social & Environmental Sustainability standards. As part of these standards, radiological characterization of the mines, processing facilities, and surrounding environment was conducted to establish current conditions, evaluate human health and ecological risks, and provide a basis for establishment of radiation safety and environmental remediation programs. In addition to naturally occurring radioactive materials associated with the copper/cobalt ore, the site was reputedly historically used to store ore from the Shinkolobwe uranium mine, the source of the uranium ore for the World War II Manhattan project. The radiological characterization was conducted via extensive gamma radiation surveys using vehicle-mounted sodium-iodide detectors, random grid composite soil sampling, biased soil sampling of areas with elevated gamma radiation levels, and sampling of surface water features. The characterization revealed broad areas of elevated gamma radiation levels of up to 160 μGy/hr in two distinct areas believed to be the Shinkolobwe uranium mine ore storage locations. Other areas, with gamma radiation levels of up to 80 μGy/hr, were detected associated with copper/cobalt ore refinery tailings and waste rock (overburden) sediments. The gamma radiation surveys revealed that elevated radiation levels were largely confined to areas previously disturbed by mechanized mining activities. Radiological contaminants in local surface water sources were within drinking water standards with the exception of one river heavily polluted with both uranium and other metals by waste streams from an ore processing and refining facility. Surrounding areas that appeared to be undisturbed by mining, including agricultural areas, native villages, and urban colonial-architecture cities, exhibited soil concentration and gamma radiation levels consistent with expected background levels.
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Dirige, Philip. "Radon progeny in Ontario’s non-uranium underground mines." In Seventh International Conference on Deep and High Stress Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1410_55_dirige.

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Carvalho, Fernando P., Joa˜o M. Oliveira, and Lube´lia M. Torres. "Environmental Radioactivity Assessment Around Old Uranium Mining Sites Near Mangualde (Viseu), Portugal." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7366.

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Uranium ore was extracted in the surroundings of Mangualde city, North of Portugal, in the mines of Cunha Baixa, Quinta do Bispo and Espinho until a few years ago. Mining waste, milling tailings and acid mine waters are the on site remains of this extractive activity. Environmental radioactivity measurements were performed in and around these sites in order to assess the dispersal of radionuclides from uranium mining waste and the spread of acidic waters resulting from the in situ uranium leaching with sulphuric acid. Results show migration of acid waters into groundwater around the Cunha Baixa mine. This groundwater is tapped by irrigation wells in the agriculture area near the Cunha Baixa village. Water from wells displayed uranium (238U) concentrations up to 19 × 103 mBq L−1 and sulphate ion concentrations up to 1070 mg L−1. These enhanced concentrations are positively correlated with low water pH, pointing to a common origin for radioactivity, dissolved sulphate, and acidity in underground mining works. Radionuclide concentrations were determined in horticulture and farm products from this area also and results suggest low soil to plant transfer of radionuclides and low food chain transfer of radionuclides to man. Analysis of aerosols in surface air showed re suspension of dust from mining and milling waste heaps. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain mine water treatment and to plan remediation of these mine sites in order to prevent waste dispersal in the environment.
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Wymer, Denis G., and Johan C. Botha. "Managing the Environmental Impacts of Low Activity Wastes From the South African Gold Mining Industry." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1257.

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Abstract Uranium mineralization is associated with the gold deposits in South Africa that have been mined for more than a century. Investigations of the radiological impacts on the environment reveal that the various radioactive wastes — mostly of low activity — associated with gold and by-product uranium production do not warrant the application of anything more than basic control measures. Non-radiological pollution of the water environment is a growing problem, however, aggravated by the closure and flooding of mines. Control measures to address this problem should, as a spin-off, limit the release of radionuclides, thus helping to control future radiological pollution.
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Bektay, Yerkin, Akmurat Altynbek, Erzhan Mukanov, Gaukhar Turysbekova, and Bauyrzhan Shiderin. "RECOVERY OF ASSOCIATED METALS DURING IN SITU LEACHING OF URANIUM." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.041.

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Uranium mining companies of Kazakhstan during 15 years increased production of uranium more than 15 times using in-situ recovery of uranium (ISR). At the same time a significant part of uranium deposits contains gold, silver, palladium and rare metals like rhenium, germanium, scandium and et`s. The task was set for the complex extraction of associated metals from technological solutions of a uranium mine. Work was carried out to select and study samples of productive solutions and leaching solutions at one of the uranium mines in Kazakhstan. At the second stage, an experimental unit was installed in a 40-foot container (Stand), consisting of six sorption columns and two flow channel extractors. The hydrodynamic resistance of channel extractors much less then in sorption columns. This is a fundamental technical advantage compared to sorption columns. The flow rate in the Channel extractors was more than 0.85 m/sec, which is much higher than the flow rate in the sorption columns (0.01 m/sec). Enlarged tests were carried out with various types of ion-exchange resins, activated carbon, and zeolite on the Stand. Channel extractors used CYANEX extractants and others. It was showed the potential for extracting associated valuable metals from technological solutions: gold, scandium, germanium and other metals. Integrated mining of associated metals at the explored uranium mine of Kazakhstan will provide an economic benefit of up to $350 million.
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7

Muldoon, Joe, Tamara Yankovich, and Laurier L. Schramm. "Gunnar Uranium Mine Environmental Remediation: Northern Saskatchewan." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96223.

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The Gunnar Mine and mill site was the largest of some 38 now-abandoned uranium mines that were developed and operated in Northern Saskatchewan, Canada, during the Cold War years. During their operating lifetimes these mines produced large quantities of ore and tailings. The Gunnar mine (open pit and underground) produced over 5 million tonnes of uranium ore and nearly 4.4 million tonnes of mine tailings during its operations from 1955 through 1963. An estimated 2.2 to 2.7 million m3 of waste rock that was generated during the processing of the ore abuts the shores of Lake Athabasca, the 22nd largest lake in the world. After closure in the 1960s, the Gunnar site was abandoned with little to no decommissioning being done. The Saskatchewan Research Council has been contracted to manage the clean-up of these abandoned northern uranium mine and mill sites. The Gunnar Mine, because of the magnitude of tailings and waste rock, is subject to an environmental site assessment process regulated by both provincial and federal governments. This process requires a detailed study of the environmental impacts that have resulted from the mining activities and an analysis of projected impacts from remediation efforts. The environmental assessment process, specific site studies, and public involvement initiatives are all now well underway. Due to the many uncertainties associated with an abandoned site, an adaptive remediation approach, utilizing a decision tree, presented within the environmental assessment documents will be used as part of the site regulatory licensing. A critical early task was dealing with major public safety hazards on the site. The site originally included many buildings that were remnants of a community of approximately 800 people who once occupied the site. These buildings, many of which contained high levels of asbestos, had to be appropriately abated and demolished. Similarly, the original mine head frame and mill site buildings, many of which still contained the original machinery and equipment, also had to be dismantled. Remediation options for the accumulated demolition debris have been assessed, as have remediation options for the waste rock and tailings, all of which form part of the environmental assessment. The regulatory requirements include the environmental assessment processes, a complex public involvement strategy, and licensing from the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) with the long-term goal of releasing the property in a remediated and stable state to the Province of Saskatchewan. Prescribed environmental and land-use endpoints will be determined based on the environmental assessment studies and remediation options analyzed and implemented. Ultimately, the site will be released into an institutional controls program that will allow long-term government management and monitoring.
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Hummelova, Ilona. "THE DETERMINATION OF THE PROTECTIVE LAYER ON THE REPOSITORIES OF URANIUM MINES." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b13/s3.084.

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9

Bomstein, N. G., P. V. Serebryakov, and V. B. Pankova. "THE STRUCTURE OF PROFESSIONAL PATHOLOGY OF URANIUM MINES OF THE PRIARGUNSKY INDUSTRIAL MINING AND CHEMICAL ASSOCIATION MINERS." In The 17th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2023). FSBSI «IRIOH», 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-1-4-2023-1-82-86.

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The analysis of the structure of the identification of the main forms of occupational pathology detected in the miners of uranium mines of PJSC «Priargunskoye Production Mining and Chemical Enterprise» (PJSC «PPGHO»), which is an enterprise where up to 90% of cases of occupational pathology are detected in employees of GC «Rosatom». The analysis of cases of occupational pathology was carried out over a 50‑year period (from 1970 to 2019), the structure, dynamics, age indicators, as well as the levels of occupational morbidity for 2010‑2019 were studied. 1 134 cases of occupational diseases were analyzed. Groups of occupational diseases were identified: diseases of the peripheral nervous system and musculoskeletal system — 33.7% of cases, sensorineural hearing loss from noise exposure (23.2%), vibration disease (20.0%), diseases from exposure to industrial aerosols (11.55% of cases), malignant neoplasms (10.14%). A steady increase in the number of detected occupational diseases was revealed, more than half of all cases (53.9%) were detected in the period from 2010 to 2019. A steady increase has been traced to the predominance in recent years in the structure of diseases formed from overstrain of organs and systems, and from the effects of physical factors (noise and vibration). Cases of diseases from exposure to industrial aerosols amount to 1.5‑2.6 cases per year. The share of malignant neoplasms in the structure of occupational pathology due to the specifics of working conditions remains quite high, amounting to 6.1% in 2010‑2019.
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10

Muldoon, Joe, and Laurier L. Schramm. "Gunnar Uranium Mine Environmental Remediation: Northern Saskatchewan." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16102.

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Thirty-six now-abandoned uranium mine and mill sites were developed and operated in Northern Saskatchewan, Canada, from approximately 1957 through 1964. During their operating lifetimes these mines produced large quantities of ore and tailings. The Gunnar Mine is located on the shores of Lake Athabasca, the 22nd largest lake in the world. The Gunnar mine (open pit and underground) produced over 5 million tonnes of uranium ore and nearly 4.4 million tonnes of mine tailings. There is an estimated 2,710,700 m3 of waste rock that abuts the shores of Lake Athabasca. After closure in the 1960’s, the Gunnar site along with all of the other uranium mine and mill sites were abandoned with little remediation and no reclamation being done. The governments of Canada and Saskatchewan are now funding the clean-up of these abandoned northern uranium mine and mill sites and have contracted the management of the project to the Saskatchewan Research Council. The clean-up activity is expected to take about 8 years, followed by 10–15 years of monitoring activity before the sites are to be released into an institutional controls program that will allow government oversight of a long term management and monitoring program. The Gunnar site, because of the magnitude of tailings and waste rock, is subject to an environmental site assessment process regulated by both provincial and federal governments. This process requires a detailed study of the projected environmental impacts resulting from the mining activities and an analysis of projected impacts from remediation efforts. Prescribed environmental and land use endpoints will be made based on the environmental assessment studies and remediation options analyzed and implemented based on expected results. Remediation options range from deep lake disposal of tailings to disposal of tailings in the open pit which is now filled with water and fish (contaminated, but which are reproducing successfully) to covering the tailings with a cap. The site also includes many buildings that are remnants of a community of approximately 800 people who once occupied the site. These buildings, many of which contain asbestos, must be appropriately removed and disposed of. The original mine head frame and mill site buildings, many of which still contain the original machinery and equipment, must also be removed and disposed of. The regulatory requirements include the environmental assessment processes, a complex public involvement strategy and licensing from the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. The environmental assessment process, specific site studies and public involvement initiatives are underway with the long term goal of releasing the property in a fully remediated state.
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Reports on the topic "Uranium mines and mining"

1

Mills, Stephanie E., and Bear Jordan. Uranium and Vanadium Resources of Utah: An Update in the Era of Critical Minerals and Carbon Neutrality. Utah Geological Survey, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-735.

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Utah is the second largest vanadium producing state and the third largest uranium producing state in the United States. Carnotite, a primary ore mineral for both vanadium and uranium, was first discovered and used by Native Americans as a source of pigment in the Colorado Plateau hysiographic province of eastern Utah. Radioactive deposits have been ommercially mined in Utah since about 1900, starting with radium, followed by vanadium, and thenuranium. In 1952, the discovery of the Mi Vida mine in Utah’s Lisbon Valley mining district in San Juan County kicked off a uranium exploration rush across the Colorado Plateau. As a result, the United States dominated the global uranium market from the early 1950s to late 1970s. In the modern mining era, Utah is an important contributor to the domestic uranium and vanadium markets with the only operating conventional uranium-vanadium mill in the country, multiple uranium-vanadium mines on standby, and active uranium-vanadium exploration. Overall, Utah has produced an estimated 122 million lbs U3O8 and 136 million lbs V2O5 since 1904. Most of this production has been from the sandstone-hosted deposits of the Paradox Basin, with minor production from volcanogenic deposits and as byproducts from other operations across the state
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2

Chenoweth, William L. The geology, leasing and production history of the Red Wash Point uranium-vanadium mines on H. S. Begay's mining permits, San Juan County, New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-432.

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3

Kim, Lance K. Uranium Mining and Milling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1474383.

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4

Karpius, Peter Joseph. Uranium Mining and Milling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1342847.

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5

Droppo, J. G. Modeled atmospheric radon concentrations from uranium mines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5677757.

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Udd, J. E., and J. Pathak. Mining automation in Canadian hardrock mines - a progress report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328903.

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Skone, Timothy J. In-Situ Leach Mining and Processing, Uranium. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509076.

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Skone, Timothy J. Uranium Open Pit Mining and Milling, Operations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509228.

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9

Bobrow, Danny J., Gary D. Johnpeer, and Glenn R. Osburn. Abandoned mines survey, Magdalena mining district, Socorro County, New Mexico--Final report. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-246.

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van Staal, C. R., and W. M. Luff. The Brunswick No. 12 and No. 6 Mines, Brunswick Mining and Smelting Corporation Limited. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132270.

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