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Academic literature on the topic 'Uranium counts'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Uranium counts"

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Løvborg, Leif, and Erik Mose. "Counting statistics in radioelement assaying with a portable spectrometer." GEOPHYSICS 52, no. 4 (April 1987): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442324.

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Counting performed with a portable gamma‐ray spectrometer to assay the concentrations of potassium, uranium, and thorium in the ground normally lasts between 1 and 10 minutes. The statistical uncertainties of the count rates measured in the energy windows are taken into consideration by ascribing standard deviations to the calculated assay values. Such a standard deviation is primarily governed by the counts recorded in two neighboring energy windows. A potassium standard deviation, for example, depends not only on the counts in the potassium window, but is also affected by the mixed uranium‐thorium counts recorded in the uranium window. Counting times of 1, 2, 4, and 10 minutes are normally appropriate in assaying uranium concentrations of 10 to 13, 5 to 7, ∼3, and ∼1.5 ppm eU. By counting for 10 minutes, it may be possible to detect unusually small radioelement concentrations of 0.5 ppm eTh, 0.3 ppm eU, and 0.04 percent K. However, the smallest concentrations that can be measured with a precision of 10 percent amount to about 2 ppm eTh, 1 ppm eU, and 0.15 percent K. Low‐grade uranium ore with whole‐rock concentrations of 100 to 800 ppm eU must contain at least 20 to 100 ppm eTh before reliable thorium assay values can be provided by counting for 1 minute. The corresponding uranium determination limits on thorium mineralizations carrying from 400 to 1 600 ppm eTh are from about 100 to almost 200 ppm eU. Usable potassium assay values are generally not obtained from a ground that contains more than 200 ppm eU or 400 ppm eTh.
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Raghuwanshi, S. S., B. K. Bhaumik, and S. G. Tewari. "A direct method for determining the altitude variation of the uranium stripping ratio in airborne gamma‐ray surveys." GEOPHYSICS 54, no. 10 (October 1989): 1350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442597.

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In airborne gamma‐ray spectrometric surveys, it is essential to calculate the net counts in the thorium, uranium, and potassium channels for quantitative analysis. The net uranium, thorium, and potassium counts are given by [Formula: see text], (1a) [Formula: see text] (1b) and [Formula: see text], (1c) where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are the background corrected counts per second for uranium, thorium, and potassium channels, respectively; α and β are the Compton contributions of thorium gamma rays in the uranium and potassium windows, respectively; and γ is the contribution of uranium gamma rays in the potassium window. In some countries, such as the U.S., Canada, and India, it is common practice to compute the stripping ratios by taking measurements over a set of calibration pads with known and varying amounts of uranium, thorium, and potassium (Grasty and Darnley, 1971; Grasty, 1975; Lovborg, 1984). These factors are determined by keeping the detector system inside the survey aircraft over the calibration pads. The stripping coefficients do not have fixed values but vary with source‐detector distance. Because most airborne surveys are conducted at about 120 m above ground level, the stripping ratios measured over the pads should be corrected for variations with ground clearance. In practice, the ground clearance in airborne gamma‐ray surveys may vary from about 40 m to 200 m depending upon the topography of the area flown. It is, therefore, necessary to know the values of the stripping coefficients as a function of ground clearance at least within the range of investigations. If this is known, it is possible to apply proper corrections while converting all data to a uniform datum of 122 m.
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Xie, Wenxiong, Jiansheng Li, and Jianyu Zhu. "Uranium mass and neutron multiplication factor estimates from time-correlation coincidence counts." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 797 (October 2015): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.05.066.

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Mittal, Saurabh, S. P. Sharma, Arkoprovo Biswas, and D. Sengupta. "Correlation of VLF-EM Data with Radiometric Measurements: Implications for Uranium Exploration around Beldih, South Purulia Shear Zone, India." International Journal of Geophysics 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/969462.

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This study is an attempt to correlate VLF-EM data with the radiometric measurements to decipher the subsurface structure and to locate uranium mineralization in the shear zone. The study area is around Beldih mine which is an open cast apatite mine located on the South Purulia Shear Zone. VLF method has been applied to map the structure and the presence of radioactive minerals has been delineated by the detection of highαandγcounts with respect to the background radiations. High radiation counts and high surfaceγactivity are found just above the higher apparent current-density zones in all the profiles studied, at various locations, indicating uranium and/or thorium mineralization as well as good correlation between these techniques.
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Petrie, Lainie, Nadia N. North, Sherry L. Dollhopf, David L. Balkwill, and Joel E. Kostka. "Enumeration and Characterization of Iron(III)-Reducing Microbial Communities from Acidic Subsurface Sediments Contaminated with Uranium(VI)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 12 (December 2003): 7467–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.7467-7479.2003.

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ABSTRACT Iron(III)-reducing bacteria have been demonstrated to rapidly catalyze the reduction and immobilization of uranium(VI) from contaminated subsurface sediments. Thus, these organisms may aid in the development of bioremediation strategies for uranium contamination, which is prevalent in acidic subsurface sediments at U.S. government facilities. Iron(III)-reducing enrichment cultures were initiated from pristine and contaminated (high in uranium, nitrate; low pH) subsurface sediments at pH 7 and pH 4 to 5. Enumeration of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria yielded cell counts of up to 240 cells ml−1 for the contaminated and background sediments at both pHs with a range of different carbon sources (glycerol, acetate, lactate, and glucose). In enrichments where nitrate contamination was removed from the sediment by washing, MPN counts of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria increased substantially. Sediments of lower pH typically yielded lower counts of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in lactate- and acetate-amended enrichments, but higher counts were observed when glucose was used as an electron donor in acidic enrichments. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences extracted from the highest positive MPN dilutions revealed that the predominant members of Fe(III)-reducing consortia from background sediments were closely related to members of the Geobacteraceae family, whereas a recently characterized Fe(III) reducer (Anaeromyxobacter sp.) and organisms not previously shown to reduce Fe(III) (Paenibacillus and Brevibacillus spp.) predominated in the Fe(III)-reducing consortia of contaminated sediments. Analysis of enrichment cultures by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) strongly supported the cloning and sequencing results. Dominant members of the Fe(III)-reducing consortia were observed to be stable over several enrichment culture transfers by T-RFLP in conjunction with measurements of Fe(III) reduction activity and carbon substrate utilization. Enrichment cultures from contaminated sites were also shown to rapidly reduce millimolar amounts of U(VI) in comparison to killed controls. With DNA extracted directly from subsurface sediments, quantitative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences with MPN-PCR indicated that Geobacteraceae sequences were more abundant in pristine compared to contaminated environments,whereas Anaeromyxobacter sequences were more abundant in contaminated sediments. Thus, results from a combination of cultivation-based and cultivation-independent approaches indicate that the abundance/community composition of Fe(III)-reducing consortia in subsurface sediments is dependent upon geochemical parameters (pH, nitrate concentration) and that microorganisms capable of producing spores (gram positive) or spore-like bodies (Anaeromyxobacter) were representative of acidic subsurface environments.
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Polach, Henry, and Lauri Kaihola. "Determination of Radon by Liquid Scintillation α/β Particle Spectrometry: Towards the Resolution of a 14C Dating Problem." Radiocarbon 30, no. 1 (1988): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200043927.

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Traces of uranium and radium within the 14C sample generate radon (Rn) which gets occluded during the benzene synthesis, thus generating false (extra) counts within the 14C counting window. This, if undetected, gives rise to erroneous 14C age determinations. The application of simultaneous α and β liquid scintillation spectrometry will enable a mathematical evaluation of the 14C signal unaffected by α and β particle emissions from radon decay daughters.
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Minty, B. R. S. "Airborne gamma‐ray spectrometric background estimation using full spectrum analysis." GEOPHYSICS 57, no. 2 (February 1992): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443241.

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We have developed a new technique for estimating airborne gamma‐ray spectrometric backgrounds. The background comes from three sources, namely aircraft, cosmic and atmospheric (radon) radiation. The aircraft and cosmic components are independently estimated by suitable calibration and the monitoring of a 3–6 MeV “cosmic” channel. Multichannel observations of the spectra are used to estimate the atmospheric background directly based on the observation that for gamma‐ray counts above the Compton continuum, the low energy [Formula: see text] photopeak at 0.609 MeV for atmospheric radiation suffers far less attenuation relative to the [Formula: see text] peak at 1.76 MeV than is the case for radiation from uranium in the ground. Since thorium and potassium sources do not contribute appreciably to these peak countrates, they can be used to calculate the contributions of radon and uranium to the observed spectrum. The technique appears to be less susceptible to errors due to the effects of variations in the vertical distribution of airborne radon and its daughters than upward‐looking detector techniques.
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Wolfaardt, G. M., M. J. Hendry, and D. R. Korber. "Microbial distribution and diversity in saturated, high pH, uranium mine tailings, Saskatchewan, Canada." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 54, no. 11 (November 2008): 932–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w08-084.

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Microbiological analyses were conducted on core samples collected along a vertical profile (0–66 m below surface) from the tailings management facility (TMF) at the Rabbit Lake uranium mine in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Bacterial numbers in the core materials were similar to surrounding soils and surface waters, regardless of the seemingly unfavorable pH (mean = 9.9) and temperature (∼0 °C) in the TMF. The greatest number of viable cells (105CFU/g) was detected at the interface between the tailings and overlying standing water, below which cell counts decreased rapidly with depth. Whole-community metabolic profiles for samples from the different depths grouped into 3 clusters; however, these groups could not be positively correlated with sampling depth, temperature, redox potential, pH, or ore-mill feed. Flow-cell studies demonstrated microbial communities in the tailings surface water could develop biofilms and maintain cell activity at both pH 10 and 7, and altering the pH between these 2 values had little effect on biofilm viability. These results demonstrate the resilience and adaptive nature of naturally occurring microbial communities and signify a potential role of microbial activity in the long-term geochemical evolution of the TMF.
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Garsi, Jerome-Philippe, Eric Samson, Laetitia Chablais, Sergey Zhivin, Christine Niogret, and Dominique Laurier. "Half-century archives of occupational medical data on French nuclear workers: a dusty warehouse or gold mine for epidemiological research?" Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 65, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-65-2014-2465.

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Abstract This article discusses the availability and completeness of medical data on workers from the AREVA NC Pierrelatte nuclear plant and their possible use in epidemiological research on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders related to internal exposure to uranium. We created a computer database from files on 394 eligible workers included in an ongoing nested case-control study from a larger cohort of 2897 French nuclear workers. For each worker, we collected records of previous employment, job positions, job descriptions, medical visits, and blood test results from medical history. The dataset counts 9,471 medical examinations and 12,735 blood test results. For almost all of the parameters relevant for research on cardiovascular risk, data completeness and availability is over 90 %, but it varies with time and improves in the latest time period. In the absence of biobanks, collecting and computerising available good-quality occupational medicine archive data constitutes a valuable alternative for epidemiological and aetiological research in occupational health. Biobanks rarely contain biological samples over an entire worker’s carrier and medical data from nuclear industry archives might make up for unavailable biomarkers that could provide information on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases
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Rochín-Bañaga, Heriberto, Donald W. Davis, and Tobias Schwennicke. "First U-Pb dating of fossilized soft tissue using a new approach to paleontological chronometry." Geology 49, no. 9 (May 19, 2021): 1027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g48386.1.

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Abstract Previous U-Pb dating of fossils has had only limited success because of low uranium content and abundance of common Pb as well as element mobility during late diagenesis. We report the first accurate U-Pb dating of fossilized soft tissue from a Pliocene phosphatized bivalve mold using laser ablation–inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The fossilized soft tissue yields a diagenetic U-Pb age of 3.16 ± 0.08 Ma, which is consistent with its late Pliocene stratigraphy and similar to the oldest U-Pb age measured on accompanying shark teeth. Phosphate extraclasts give a distinctly older age of 5.1 ± 1.7 Ma, indicating that they are likely detrital and may have furnished P, promoting phosphatization of the mold. The U-Pb ages reported here along with stratigraphic constraints suggest that diagenesis occurred shortly after the death of the bivalve and that the U-Pb system in the bivalve mold remained closed until the present. Shark teeth collected from the same horizon show variable resetting due to late diagenesis. Data were acquired as line scans in order to exploit the maximum Pb/U variation and were regressed as counts, rather than ratios, in three-dimensional space using a Bayesian statistical method.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Uranium counts"

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Larsen, Zachary R. "In Defense of the Modern Company Town: Wyoming's Uranium Communities." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7633.

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Most people are at least aware that, in the past, companies that owned mines, lumber mills, and other large-scale industrial projects in isolated areas also ran company towns. For many people, such towns conjure up images miserable working conditions, exploitative company stores, and inadequate shacks for most workers, while managers live in relative luxury up on “snob knob.” Most people are also fairly certain that such towns, at least in the United States, died out about the same time as the horse and buggy. Several industries in Wyoming, however, continued to support company towns through the end of the 20th century, with one such town surviving into the early 2000s. This project looks at two of these towns supported by the uranium mining and milling industry that dominated central Wyoming’s economy for about 30 years starting in the mid-1950s. These towns, Gas Hills and Jeffrey City, along with Wyoming’s other modern company towns represent a new era in the history of these communities. Furthermore, they actually had many advantages for inhabitants, companies, and the local economy, especially compared to a small conventional community located near a resource boom. Often, and in contrast to the towns in this thesis, conventional towns must scramble to meet the demands of a massive migration, only to be left with unpaid bonds when the resource dries up or becomes no longer profitable.
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Iovanna, Anthony. "Evaluating Uranium Depth Versus Socio-Economic Statistics for Residential Radon Vulnerability in Warren County, Kentucky." TopSCHOLAR®, 2004. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/529.

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Residences in Warren County, Kentucky, are characterized by high levels of residential radon, which is one of the radioactive daughter products of uranium. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), radon exposure causes approximately 22,000 lung cancer deaths in the United States per year. The City of Bowling Green, in Warren County, is underlain by karst, an easily soluble limestone subsurface, which allows radon gas to travel easily through cracks and fissures. Carbonate rocks under Bowling Green are underlain by the Devonian Chattanooga Shale, a low-grade uranium ore and a potential source of radon gas. A digital map of the Chattanooga Shale was created using Arc GIS. A 1.6 km by 1.6 km (one-mile by onemile) grid for Warren County was generated, and depth data from oil wells within each grid cell were averaged to render the elevation of the top surface of the Chattanooga Shale in a digital format. A socio-economic GIS of Warren County was created using US Census Bureau and Property Value Administration data. The Chattanooga Shale and the socio-economic layers were correlated to test points that have high residential radon measurements to determine whether proximity to the shale layer or home type is the better predictor for radon risk. Once risks have been determined, management decisionmaking is simplified and resources can be targeted towards high need areas. Although this study determined that home type, i.e., size of the home and whether there is a basement present, does have a significant effect on residential radon levels, proximity to the top surface of the Chattanooga Shale does not have a significant effect in Warren County, Kentucky. Due to this lack of a geologic pattern it is recommended that radon mitigation systems be included in all new home construction and design.
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Wyatt, John Guthrie. "The Relationship Between Structural and Tectonic Evolution and Mineralization at the Coles Hill Uranium Deposit, Pittsylvania County, Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35446.

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The role of structure and tectonics in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits and the localization of high-grade mineralization associated with fractures is well documented. In this study we have characterized the structural setting associated with uranium mineralization in the Coles Hill uranium deposit by relating the observed metamorphic and structural features (mylonitic foliation and fractures) to regional tectonic activity. Drill cores and outcrops observed in this study show that NE/SW oriented fractures appear to be related to Mesozoic movement along the Chatham Fault. NW/SE oriented fractures cross cut and offset the NE/SW oriented fractures by1 to 2 cm and therefore post-date the NE/SW oriented fractures. NW/SE fracture orientations and parallel to the NW/SE regional cross faults and are suggested to relate to the formation of the cross faults during post Triassic basin inversion. Uranium mineralization is located within horizontal to shallowly dipping fractures suggesting uplift and erosion to form possible tension veins. The cross faults with NW/SE orientations created pathways in which uranium bearing hydrothermal fluids could migrate from the Triassic basin shales westward into the adjacent highly fractured crystalline rocks, precipitating uranium due to oxidation-reduction reactions.
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Gannon, John P. "Evaluation of Fracture Flow at the Coles Hill Uranium Deposit in Pittsylvania County, VA using Electrical Resistivity, Bore Hole Logging, Pumping Tests, and Age Dating Methods." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35179.

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The Coles Hill uranium deposit in Pittsylvania County, VA, is the largest un-mined uranium deposit in the United States. The deposit is located in the Virginia Piedmont in a geologic unit located immediately west of the Chatham Fault, which separates the granitic rocks of the Virginia Piedmont to the west from the metasediments of the Danville Triassic basin to the east. Groundwater at the site flows through a complex interconnected network of fractures controlled by the geology and structural history of the site. In this study groundwater is characterized in a small study area just south of the main deposit. Methods used in this investigation include electrical resistivity profiling, bore hole logging, a pumping test, and age dating and water chemistry. In this thesis groundwater flow is confirmed to occur from the Piedmont crystalline rocks across the Chatham Fault and into the Triassic basin at the study area as evidenced by pumping test data and static water-level data from observation wells. Well logs have identified fractures capable of transmitting water in the granitic rocks of the Piedmont, the Triassic basin metasediments and the Chatham Fault but the largest quantities of flow appear to occur in the Triassic basin. A definable recharge area for the groundwater present at Coles Hill can not yet be determined due to the complexity of the fracture system, but age dating confirms that groundwater is composed of both young and old (>60 years) components, indicating that at least a portion of groundwater at Coles Hill originates from a more distant area.
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Hadna, Saliha. "Suivi environnemental des anciennes mines d’uranium : l’usage de la concertation en situation de controverse : deux études de cas : la Commanderie (Vendée/Deux-Sèvres), Pen Ar Ran (Loire-Atlantique)." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1145.

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En mobilisant l’analyse de controverses, notre enquête sociologique articule deux études de cas portant sur l’usage de la concertation dans le cadre du suivi environnemental des anciennes mines d’uranium : La Commanderie (Vendée/Deux-Sèvres) et Pen Ar Ran (Loire-Atlantique). Ces deux anciens sites miniers présentent deux configurations locales qui font émerger deux approches différentes de la concertation. Dans une première piste de recherche, on s’intéresse à la configuration des acteurs dans une instance de concertation : le comité de Mallièvre. Le « réseau de contraintes » fait apparaître des dysfonctionnements structurels empêchant au collège des associations de développer un « capital cognitif ». La deuxième piste de recherche interroge l’utilité de la notion de « construction collective » pour mieux saisir les fondements de la concertation. La troisième piste de recherche nous conduit à une forme non-instituée de « construction collective » : à Piriac-sur-Mer, une « communauté de savoirs » émerge suite à la création du collectif Stop Radioactivité. En revanche, la concertation prend place dans l’argumentaire, en tant que revendication d’une « légitimation des savoirs »
Through the analysis of controversies, our sociological research articulates two case studies on the subject of the use of the “concertation” on the basis of the uranium mine monitoring: La Commanderie (Vendée/Deux-Sèvres) and Pen Ar ran (Loire-Atlantique). These two former uranium mines present two different configurations. In a first line of research, we are interested in the configuration of actors in an instance of “concertation”: comité de Mallièvre (La Commanderie). We present the “constraint network” which prevent the environmental associations from fully participating. The second line of research questions the usefulness of the concept of "collective construction" to better understand the foundations of the consultation. The third line of research leads us to observe a form non-established "collective construction": in Piriac-sur-Mer, a "community of knowledge" emerges as a result of the creation of the group of associations “Stop radioactivity”. In contrast, consultation takes place in the arguments, as a demand for "legitimation of knowledge"
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Marsh, Adam Douglas. "The osteology of Sarahsaurus aurifontanalis and geochemical observations of the dinosaurs from the type quarry of Sarahsaurus (Kayenta Formation), Coconino County, Arizona." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/22224.

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Sarahsaurus aurifontanalis is the most recent sauropodomorph dinosaur to be discovered and named from the Early Jurassic of North America. The dinosaur is represented by a mostly complete and articulated holotype specimen that preserves a unique manual phalangeal count of 2-3-4-2-2 and accessory pubic foramen adjacent to the obturator foramen. The holotype of Sarahsaurus comprises a braincase and isolated cranial elements, but the skull previously referred to this taxon, MCZ 8893, can only be provisionally referred to Sarahsaurus until additional crania are found associated with postcranial material. Sarahsaurus comes from the middle third of the Kayenta Formation, which is considered to be Early Jurassic in age despite the absence of a radiometric date from that unit. A new technique used to obtain a U-Pb radiometric date from the type quarry of Sarahsaurus in the Kayenta Formation was influenced by secondary uranium enrichment in the open system of the fossil bone. That suggests that uranium within the Kayenta Formation may be the result of the movement of groundwater during the Laramide orogeny in the Late Cretaceous and Early Eocene, and lends support to the hypothesis that the uplift of the Colorado Plateau began relatively early in Late Cretaceous to the Eocene.
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O'Neill, Laurie Christine. "REE-Be-U-F mineralization of the Round Top laccolith, Sierra Blanca Peaks, Trans-Pecos Texas." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25757.

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The Round Top laccolith is considered to be one of the youngest laccoliths in a series of five known as the Sierra Blanca peaks, located in Hudspeth county, Texas. The laccolith is anomalous within the region in that it is peraluminous and enriched in HREEs, F, and U, and is comprised of intermingled discrete packages of various rhyolite types. The laccolith rhyolite varies in color from gray, purple, red, and tan, which combine locally to form distinct geometric mottled textures. The general composition of the rhyolite is 48-52% potassium feldspar, 28-30% quartz, 8-14% plagioclase feldspar, 4-5% annite biotite, 2-3% magnetite-hematite, 1% zircon, and 1% trace phases. The morphology of the trace phases suggests quenching of a late-stage volatile-rich vapor phase at the time of the laccolith formation. The rhyolite displays a wide array of unique mineralogical characteristics indicative to rapid emplacement and metastable crystallization conditions, including three-part quartz phenocrysts, hourglass sector-zoned potassium feldspars, and late-stage anhedral zircons. Unique accessory and trace phases include cassiterite, cerianite-(Ce), changbaiite, columbite, cryolite, tantalite, thorite, yttrofluorite, yttrocerite, and two unidentified minerals named (W) and (X). Initial alteration of the laccolith by high temperature volatile-rich vapor during the late stages of crystallization caused the partial dissolution of the feldspars and quartz. Subsequent quenching of this high temperature vapor phase produced the abundant interstitial, and pore filling REE-fluorides common to the laccolith. The variation in rhyolite color and the presence of the mottled textures are a direct result of partial oxidation of the laccolith by secondary fluids. The oxidizing fluids migrated within the laccolith along an extensive fracture network, altering the adjacent wallrock by oxidizing magnetite phenocrysts to hematite. The gray, purple, and red rhyolite types reflect an increase in turbidity caused by hematitic inclusions primarily within the pore spaces of the potassium feldspar portions of the groundmass. The tan rhyolite is locally restricted to the base of the laccolith and has been subjected to an intense degree of alteration independent of the other rhyolite types, primarily indicated by the conversion of feldspars to clay. Petrographic, microbeam, and geochemical studies have determined little variation in REE concentration between the three rhyolites of similar alteration intensity, but have indicated a depletion in LREEs within the more altered tan rhyolite. The average REE+Y content for the rhyolites sampled (n=11) ranges between 249 ppm and 518 ppm. The REE+Y concentrations between rhyolite samples of the same type show some variation, possibly indicating a correlation between alteration and REE+Y abundance and/or innate heterogeneity in the vapor phase during the initial laccolith formation. The magma emplaced at Round Top underwent a prolonged evolutionary process of fractionation/differentiation as evident by the unusual mineral assemblage and geochemical enrichment associated with the laccolith (e.g. extremely negative europium anomaly, and the positive La/Yb correlation). Future exploration for Round Top style REE-deposits should center within long-lived, tectonically active and complex regions where laccoliths are likely to exist. Specifically, exploration should focus on identifying the youngest laccolith in a felsic series, as this is the most likely to contain the greatest abundance of incompatible elements within the laccolithic group. The early alteration of feldspars by the high temperature vapor phase was crucial in the development of the REE+Y enrichment at Round Top. The feldspar dissolution provided abundant open pore space that was subsequently filled by the REE-fluorides. Thus, exploration should additionally seek laccoliths that have undergone a similar early alteration process, and expand to potential laccolith groups not yet exposed by erosional processes.
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Marsh, Jillian. "A critical analysis of decision-making protocols used in approving a commercial mining license for the Beverley Uranium Mine in Adnyamathanha Country: toward effective indigenous participation in caring for cultural resources." Thesis, 2011. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/41522/.

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Books on the topic "Uranium counts"

1

Macke, David L. Uranium distribution and geology in the Fish Lake surficial uranium deposit, Esmerelda County, Nevada. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Leventhal, Joel S. Geochemistry of Mariano Lake-Lake Valley cores, McKinley County, New Mexico. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Nash, J. Thomas. Geology and geochemistry of the Pitch uranium mine area, Saguache County, Colorado. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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Johnson, Samuel Y. Geology of the north fork of Flodelle Creek drainage basin and surficial uranium deposit, Stevens County, northeastern Washington. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1985.

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Dames & Moore. Hermit Mine ground-water conditions, Mohave County, Arizona. Golden, Colo: Dames & Moore, 1987.

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United States. Dept. of Energy and Climax Uranium Company, eds. Remedial actions at the former Climax Uranium Company uranium mill site, Grand Junction, Mesa County, Colorado: Final environmental impact statement. [Albuquerque, N.M.]: Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project, U.S. Dept. of Energy, Albuquerque Operations Office, 1986.

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(Firm), Spectrum Engineering. Wild Horse Project, Carbon County, Montana: Final report. Billings, MT: Spectrum Engineering, 1989.

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Dames & Moore. Hydrologic evaluations for the proposed Hermit Uranium Mine in Mohave County, Arizona. Golden, Colo: Dames & Moore, 1987.

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Sigler, J. W. Wildlife resource survey, Hermit Mine site, Mohave County, Arizona. Logan, Utah: Spectrum Sciences and Software, 1986.

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Dickinson, Kendell A. The geology, carbonaceous materials, and origin of the epigenetic uranium deposits in the Tertiary Sespe Formation in Ventura County, California. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Uranium counts"

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Cristina, Avilés González, and Sánchez Conejo Alfonso. "Environmental control made in fifty three opencast mines of the Basque country: attention to acoustic and water contamination." In Uranium in the Aquatic Environment, 1093–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55668-5_128.

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Miller, Naomi J. "Mary Wroth, The Countess of Montgomery's Urania." In A Companion to Early Modern Women's Writing, 150–64. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470693490.ch10.

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Schabio, Saskia. "Wroth, Lady Mary: The Countess of Montgomery's Urania." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_17446-1.

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Krasnov, Yevhen, Valentin Verkhovtsev, Yuri Tyshchenko, and Anna Studzinska. "Estimation of Soil Radiation in the Country Around the Bilanovo Iron and Kremenchug Uranium Deposits." In Soil Science Working for a Living, 227–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45417-7_22.

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Yuskiv, Yuliia, Valentin Verkhovtsev, Vasily Kulibaba, and Oleksandr Nozhenko. "Estimation of Soil Radiation in the Country Around the Dibrova Uranium–Thorium–Rare Earth Deposit." In Soil Science Working for a Living, 243–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45417-7_23.

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Lamb, Mary Ellen. "Dressing Queens (and Some Others): Signifying Through Clothing in Wroth’s Countess of Montgomery’s Urania." In Queens Matter in Early Modern Studies, 307–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64048-8_17.

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Anderson, Susan L. "Conclusion: Disenchanted Echoes in The Duchess of Malfi and The Countess of Montgomery’s Urania." In Echo and Meaning on Early Modern English Stages, 99–120. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67970-9_5.

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Andrea, Bernadette. "The Tartar King’s Masque and Performances of Imperial Desire in Mary Wroth’s The Countess of Montgomery’s Urania." In Early Modern England and Islamic Worlds, 73–95. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230119826_5.

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Werth, Tiffany Jo. "Taking the Cure: Mineral Waters and Love’s Folly in Lady Mary Wroth’s The Countess of Montgomery’s Urania." In Early Modern Literature in History, 31–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66568-5_3.

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Salzman, Paul. "The Politics of Complaint in Mary Wroth’s Love’s Victory and The Second Part of The Countess of Montgomery’s Urania." In Early Modern Women's Complaint, 137–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42946-1_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Uranium counts"

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Unz, Ronald J., Donna M. Rogers, Charles Jones, Jay P. McCown, and Charles A. Waggoner. "Use of Lanthanum Bromide Detectors to Augment Site Surveys for Depleted Uranium." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59169.

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A variety of systems have now been described for use in surveying sites for anthropogenic radiological contamination. Virtually all of these include use of sodium iodide detectors and register detection data with global positioning satellite data. This paper demonstrates how lanthanum bromide detectors can be used to augment existing field surveys in a manner to reduce uncertainty in areas of low count rates and to discriminate between depleted uranium and naturally occurring uranium. The survey system described is equipped with large (20 × 20 × 100 cm) sodium iodide (Alpha Spectra) and 7.5 × 7.5 cm lanthanum bromide (Saint Gobain) detectors. Additional radiological detection equipment (DigiBase) was obtained from ORTEC with survey data collected in the List Mode. Data collected in surveys were then used to generate digital maps using GeoSoft’s Oasis Montaj. Software has been developed to automatically identify areas of increased count rates using user-defined thresholds. This software can collect the count data for the masked area and generate a composite spectrum that can be compared to a reference spectrum believed to represent an uncontaminated area. Ratios of counts attributed to protactinium-234m (Pa-234m) are compared to counts attributed to Bismuth-214 (Bi-214) for both the composite filed survey spectrum and the reference spectrum. Soil samples have been collected from selected sites over a range of soil and geology types for the purpose of collecting data comparing high purity germanium (HPGe) detector and lanthanum bromide (LaBr) detector spectra. These samples have come from areas believed to be devoid of depleted uranium contamination and from areas expected to have higher concentrations of naturally occurring uranium. A library of HPGe and LaBr spectra have been collected comparing: (1) background soil samples with, (2) spectra from the same samples that have been doped with half the remediation threshold activity of depleted uranium, and (3) the remediation threshold activity of depleted uranium. Ratios of the Pa-234m:Bi-214 for both HPGe and LaBr detectors are provided in this paper. This process can be repeated for any site of interest. Background soil samples can be obtained prior to surveying and an equivalent library of spectral ratios generated. Field data from three different sites will be used to show how LaBr detectors can be effectively used as an infield HPGe surrogate for rapid discrimination between DU contamination and areas of high naturally occurring uranium. Areas of maps of questionable contamination are selected and composite LaBr spectra are generated along with Pa-234m:Bi-214 ratio. This is compared to library data to determine the approximate activity of DU present. All areas suspected of DU contamination can also be selected and excluded from the remainder of map data. A composite spectrum from the areas believed to be uncontaminated can be generated and spectral ratios compared library data for clearance purposes.
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Benson, Tony, William Stone, and Ron Gervason. "Uranium Occurance in Hondo-Seco Groundwater, Taos County, NM." In 2014 New Mexico Geological Society Annual Spring Meeting. Socorro, NM: New Mexico Geological Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/sm-2014.260.

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Darbyshire, Carol, and Pete Burgess. "Quantifying Tc-99 Contamination in a Fuel Fabrication Plant." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59024.

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The Springfields facility manufactures nuclear fuel products for the UK’s nuclear power stations and for international customers. Fuel manufacture is scheduled to continue into the future. In addition to fuel manufacture, Springfields is also undertaking decommissioning activities. Today it is run and operated by Springfields Fuels Limited, under the management of Westinghouse Electric UK Limited. The site has been operating since 1946 manufacturing nuclear fuel. As part of the decommissioning activities, there was a need was to quantify contamination in a large redundant building. This building had been used to process uranium derived from uranium ore concentrate but had also processed a limited quantity of recycled uranium. The major non-uranic contaminant was Tc-99. The aim was to be able to identify any areas where the bulk activity exceeded 0.4 Bq/g Tc-99 as this would preclude the demolition rubble being sent to the local disposal facility. The problems associated with this project were the presence of significant uranium contamination, the realisation that both the Tc-99 and the uranium had diffused into the brickwork to a significant depth and the relatively low beta energy of Tc-99. The uranium was accompanied by Pa-234m, an energetic beta emitter. The concentration/depth profile was determined for several areas on the plant for Tc-99 and for uranium. The radiochemical analysis was performed locally but the performance of the local laboratory was checked during the initial investigation by splitting samples three ways and having confirmation analyses performed by 2 other laboratories. The results showed surprisingly consistent concentration gradients for Tc-99 and for uranium across the samples. Using that information, the instrument response was calculated for Tc-99 using the observed diffusion gradient and averaged through the full 225 mm of brick wall, as agreed by the regulator. The Tc-99 and uranium contributions to the detector signal were separated using a simple absorber, which essentially eliminated the Tc-99 count rate and reduced the uranium contribution only marginally. The outcome of the project was that it was possible to demonstrate that the complete building met the criterion for acceptance at the local waste facility.
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Chenoweth, William L., and Virginia T. McLemore. "Uranium in the Sanostee district, San Juan County, New Mexico." In 61st Annual Fall Field Conference. New Mexico Geological Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/ffc-61.213.

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Hall, Susan M., George N. Breit, and Robert A. Zielinski. "MINERAL PARAGENESIS OF THE COLES HILL URANIUM DEPOSIT, PITTSYLVANIA COUNTY, VA." In 67th Annual Southeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018se-311606.

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Aylor, Joseph, James S. Beard, R. J. Bodnar, Christopher J. Potter, and Susan M. Hall. "VEINS, FRACTURES AND PARAGENESIS, COLES HILL URANIUM DEPOSIT, PITTSYLVANIA COUNTY, VIRGINIA." In 67th Annual Southeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018se-311784.

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McLemore, Virginia T. "La Bajada uranium-base-metal deposit, Santa Fe County, New Mexico." In 50th Annual Fall Field Conference. New Mexico Geological Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/ffc-50.445.

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Benson, Tony, and Ron Gervason. "Uranium in Waters of the Ojo Caliente Area, Taos County, New Mexico." In 2013 New Mexico Geological Society Annual Spring Meeting. Socorro, NM: New Mexico Geological Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/sm-2013.43.

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Wilton, Ted, Jr Chavez, and Samatha Caldwell. "Sandstone-hosted uranium deposits at the Cebolleta Land Grant, Cibola County, New Mexico." In 71st Annual Fall Field Conference. New Mexico Geological Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/ffc-71.171.

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McLemore, Virginia T. "Uranium deposits in the Ambrosia Lake trend, Ambrosia Lake subdistrict, Grants Uranium district, McKinley and Cibola counties, New Mexico." In 71st Annual Fall Field Conference. New Mexico Geological Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/ffc-71.31.

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Reports on the topic "Uranium counts"

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Mills, Stephanie E., and Bear Jordan. Uranium and Vanadium Resources of Utah: An Update in the Era of Critical Minerals and Carbon Neutrality. Utah Geological Survey, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-735.

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Utah is the second largest vanadium producing state and the third largest uranium producing state in the United States. Carnotite, a primary ore mineral for both vanadium and uranium, was first discovered and used by Native Americans as a source of pigment in the Colorado Plateau hysiographic province of eastern Utah. Radioactive deposits have been ommercially mined in Utah since about 1900, starting with radium, followed by vanadium, and thenuranium. In 1952, the discovery of the Mi Vida mine in Utah’s Lisbon Valley mining district in San Juan County kicked off a uranium exploration rush across the Colorado Plateau. As a result, the United States dominated the global uranium market from the early 1950s to late 1970s. In the modern mining era, Utah is an important contributor to the domestic uranium and vanadium markets with the only operating conventional uranium-vanadium mill in the country, multiple uranium-vanadium mines on standby, and active uranium-vanadium exploration. Overall, Utah has produced an estimated 122 million lbs U3O8 and 136 million lbs V2O5 since 1904. Most of this production has been from the sandstone-hosted deposits of the Paradox Basin, with minor production from volcanogenic deposits and as byproducts from other operations across the state
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Winn, W. G. Appraisal of Active Well Coincidence Counter for Uranium Accountability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/787922.

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Davidson, J. R. Uranium series disequilibrium in the Bargmann property area of Karnes County, Texas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/631192.

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Butler, Afrachanna, Catherine Thomas, Nathan Beane, Anthony Bednar, and William Frederick. Phytomanagement of soil and groundwater at the Niagara Falls Storage Site (NFSS) using hybridized trees. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42083.

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The Manhattan Engineer District previously used the 191-acre Niagara Falls Storage Site (NFSS) in Niagara County, New York, to store radioactive residues and wastes from uranium (U) ore processing. At present, management practices will determine whether enhanced evapotranspiration rates produced by hybridized shrub willow cuttings planted in 2016 will affect groundwater hydrology. Two shrub willow varieties were planted in an approximately one-half acre area to examine growth performance along a U impacted sanitary sewer line. Additionally, control plots will compare the effectiveness of shrub willows to unplanted areas. Observations of the planted area after 18 months showed success of shrub willow growth with increasing biomass. Chemical analysis from tree tissue samples of the field study showed no significant uptake of U or thorium (Th) to date. A greenhouse study conducted in parallel to the field study tested the willows under controlled greenhouse conditions and evaluated their ability to grow and accumulate contaminants under controlled conditions. Results from the greenhouse study demonstrated that U accumulation was minimal. Thus, this study demonstrates that the shrub willows are not accumulators of U or Th, an advantageous characteristic that implies stabilized contaminants in the soil and no translocation of U into the aboveground biomass.
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Author, Not Given. Remedial actions at the former Climax Uranium Company, Uranium Mill site, Grand Junction, Mesa County, Colorado. Volume 2, Appendices: Final environmental impact statement. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10144973.

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Author, Not Given. Environmental assessment of remedial action at vicinity properties associated with the former Climax Uranium Company Uranium Mill Site, Grand Junction, Mesa County, Colorado. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7229272.

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Author, Not Given. Environmental assessment of remedial action at the Spook uranium mill tailings site, Converse County, Wyoming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5161781.

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Miller, M., and D. Yearwood. Criticality study of various highly enriched uranium samples measured in an active well coincidence counter. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10194481.

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Dunning, D., S. Kamboj, M. Nimmagadda, and C. Yu. Derivation of guidelines for uranium residual radioactive material in soil at the New Brunswick Site, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/212502.

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J. E. Stewart, H. O. Menlove, D. R. Mayo, W. H. Geist, L. A. Carrillo, and G. D. Herrera. The Ephithermal Neutron Multiplicity Counter Design and Performance Manual: More Rapid Plutonium and Uranium Inventory Verifications by Factors of 5-20. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/775881.

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