Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Uranium Absorption and adsorption'
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Payne, Timothy Ernest Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "URANIUM (VI) INTERACTIONS WITH MINERAL SURFACES: CONTROLLING FACTORS AND SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODELLING." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17482.
Full textKowal-Fouchard, Armelle. "Etude des mécanismes de rétention des ions U(VI) et Eu(III) sur les argiles : influence des silicates." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112265.
Full textBentonite clay has been selected as a potential buffer or backfill material in a number of disposal programs for high level waste. In order to enhance the thermodynamic database of sorption phenomena at the solid-water interface, we have investigated sorption mechanisms of europium(III) and uranium(VI) ions onto montmorillonite and bentonite. Thermodynamic data were obtained for different ions concentrations, different background electrolytes and different ionic strengths. The structural identification of the surface complexes and sorption sites was carried out using two spectroscopies, XPS and TRLIFS, while sorption edges were performed using batch experiments. However, clays are complex minerals and in order to understand these sorption mechanisms we have studied europium(III) and uranium(VI) retention on a silica and an alumina because these solids are often considered as basic components of clays. The comparison of structural results shows that europium ions are significantly sorbed on permanently charged sites of clay until pH 7. But this ion is also sorbed on =SiOH and =AlOH sites of montmorillonite at pH higher than 6. Uranyl ions sorption on montmorillonite is mainly explained by retention of three complexes on =SiOH sites. Moreover, we have shown that nitrate ions and dissolved silicates affect on uranium(VI) sorption mechanisms onto alumina. Nevertheless, uranyl ions sorption on montmorillonite and bentonite only decreases with increasing carbonate concentration. Finally, all the sorption edges were then modeled using these results and a surface complexation model (2 pK and constant capacitance models)
Charrier, Jansson Marielle. "Biosorption d'ions métalliques (uranium et vanadium) sur chitosane." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20052.
Full textMa, Bin. "Sorption de Radionucléides dans des Barrières Cimentaires Renforcées." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU027/document.
Full textSorption and redox reactions of radionuclides (RNs) are critical processes for a nuclear waste disposal repository safety assessment. In geological repositories, these process may occur in (i) canister (steel) corrosion layer, (ii) reinforced concrete, e.g. on hydrated cement and (iii) argillite, e.g. on pyrite and clays or granite. Both steel corrosion products and pyrite act as local reducing buffers, controlling the redox potential (Eh) and thus the sorption behavior of redox-sensitive RNs. In contrast, sorption of RNs not involving redox processes may occur on clays, iron oxides and cement hydration products, and often involve surface adsorption, ion exchange, or co-precipitations processes. In this PhD thesis, minor but highly reactive cementitious AFm phases (AFm-Cl2 or AFm-SO4 solids, belonging to CaAl LDHs) were employed to adsorb MoO42- and SeO32- at various surface loadings. A combination of PHREEQC chemical equilibrium modelling and synchrotron-based X-ray techniques (e.g., in-situ time-resolved XRD, PDF, and XAFS) reveals that multiple sorption sites, including two types of edge sites, interlayer ion exchange sites, and a Ca-rich phase precipitation, are active processes in the RNs retention on AFm phases. A linear relationship is shown to link AFm basal spacing and hydrated intercalated anion radius. MoO42- macroscopic adsorption was evaluated on steel-reinforced hydrated cement and its individual components (e.g., Fe0, C-S-H, ettringite, AFm phase, portlandite, gypsum, pyrite, mackinawite) at pH 13.5, and EXAFS signal could only be obtained for Mo sorbed on AFm phases and Fe0 oxidation products, showing they are the most effective absorbents. Co-sorption of U and Mo on Fe0-reinforced hydrated cement-core has also been investigated by micro-probe mapping, showing U to be instantly immobilized by cement materials while Mo is preferentially sorbed on Fe reaction products.The Eh value prevailing in concrete is hard to be determined. Here, redox-sensitive RNs (e.g., UVI, SeIV, MoVI, and SbV) are employed as probes, to measure in-situ Eh values, by computing the Nernst equation in the following way. Reduced species concentration were measured based on the total concentration of reductively precipitated RN and on speciation among these reduced species as obtained by LCF analysis of XANES data. The single oxidized species concentration was taken equal to the total aqueous chemical concentration, as all identified reduced species are extremely insoluble. The experimentally determined Eh values obtained that way were remarkably closed for all RNs with centered values of -368 to -524 mV for cement pore water (CPW) equilibrated with Fe0 and values of -346 to -509 mV for CPW equilibrated with corrosion products Fe-oxides couples (magnetite/hematite or magnetite/goethite) at pH ~13.5. Neither the Eh value computed for these couples or for Fe0/Fe(OH)2 match these data. Instead, the redox potential appear to be controlled by the Fe(OH)3/Fe(OH)2 couple predominating at the beginning of Fe0 corrosion. Finally, within clay or granite far field, several factors may critically affect the Eh imposed by pyrite minor mineral, namely element impurities in pyrite lattice and fractures resulting from grinding and presence of Fe3+ and S2- at the pyrite surface. Element impurities and presence of S2- on the pyrite surface were shown to largely speed up U(VI) reduction. The experimental results obtained above could provide fundamental data for the safety assessment of nuclear waste disposal
Yang, Wei. "Interactions de radionucléides et de CO2 avec les argiles : mécanismes à élucider à l’échelle nanométrique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10027/document.
Full textIn order to predict and regulate the environmental impact of human activities such as uranium mining and radioactive waste disposal, it is necessary to understand the behavior of actinides in the environment because their interaction with clay mineral is an important factor to control the migration of radionuclide in the environment. The behavior of actinides in the soil is mainly the surface adsorption interactions, which change the forms of radioactive elements and reduces the mobility of actinides in the natural systems. Therefore, it is important to search how the actinides interact with clay mineral such as the fundamental process of surface precipitation. Uranium is the predominant heavy metal content of the final waste in the nuclear fuel cycle (>95% UO2). In addition, uranium is a major contaminant in the soil, subsurface and groundwater as a result of human activity. Under standard environmental conditions, the most stable chemical form of U(VI) is the uranyl ion UO22+, which is potentially very mobile and readily complexates with organic and inorganic matter. On the other hand, Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas, warming the earth’s surface to a higher temperature by reducing outward radiation. However, problems may occur when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. Amounts of carbon dioxide were produced since the industrial revolution, which is behind the significant global warming and rising sea level. Clay minerals are of great practical importance here, in storage of carbon dioxide due to its hydraulic permeability and ability to retain mobile species. We have chosen kaolinite and montmorillonite as prototypes of clay minerals of 1:1 and 2:1. Classical Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) methods have been used in this work in order to understand the adsorption behaviour of radionuclide and carbon dioxide in clays surface. In this thesis, we will investigate –first- the adsorption of uranyl on kaolinite surface by means of Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulation methods. Several adsorption sites have been modeled by considering surface defects in order to have inner or outer-sphere complexes. Then, the adsorptions of uranyl species onto Montmorillonite surfaces in the presence of different counterions will be performed. Interaction energy between Montmorillonite sheets and work of adhesion between the radionuclide and MMT surface will be discussed as well. Finally, we will study the adsorption behavior of carbon dioxide in MMT, and investigate at the same time thermodynamics, structural and dynamical properties
Hiltbrunner, Jean-Michel. "Purification de l'hexafluorure d'uranium." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC009.
Full textUranium hexafluoride, which chemical formula is UF 6 , is a key compound of nuclear fuel cycle due to its use during isotopic enrichment process. Nethertheless, pollutants melted with UF 6 have to be removed in order to ensure a nuclear purity fuel. In this manuscript, the reactions occurring between pollutants and chemical filters selected for this application are studied. Then, the reactivity in liquid UF 6 is also examined with the aim of being close to the industrial process. The regeneration of adsorbents is investigated so that chemical filter can be used for several purification cycles. The performances (sorption rate of pollutants, purifying during recycling step) are evaluated before simulations at industrial scale
Saucedo, Medina Teresa Imelda. "Adsorption de l'uranium et du vanadium sur chitosane et chitosane modifié." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11049.
Full textLewis, D. "Enzyme adsorption to polystyrene latex." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382347.
Full textKalimtgis, Konstandinos. "ADSORPTION OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE AND CARBON TETRACHLORIDE ON SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL ADSORBENTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275355.
Full textRobinson, Andrew William. "Adsorption on platinum (110) : reflection-absorption infra-red studies." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379555.
Full textMerino, Jose Carlos Alvarez, and Kazuo Hatakeyama. "Technology surveillance of the solar refrigeration by absorption/adsorption." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622310.
Full textIn order to establish networks of cooperation looking for not to duplicate research and even to make use of existing research in a remote form, it is necessary to identify and classify (around the world) the researchers and laboratories, that are researching in the topic of solar refrigeration by absorption/adsorption. The methodology consists in: i) the technology's classification, ii) technological trajectory Identification, iii) a thematic bibliographic review, and iv) patent's analysis. In this way, with the previous determination of keywords, will be identified main authors and their respective institutions. With the same keywords, are determined the licensed patents (in certain span of time). In addition, the analysis of publications, patents, and commercial products give us an opportunity to establish comparisons between prototypes and tests (in several conditions). The larger results implicate the use of actor's network and the remote access to the data and tests, for a collaborative research, overcoming the lack of laboratory resource and accelerating the knowledge acquisition
Revisión por pares
Mohd, Ali. "Adsorption et électrosorption d'herbicides et de tensioactifs sur charbons actifs en grains." Pau, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PAUU3028.
Full textJohnson, William H. "Sorption models for U, Cs, and Cd on upper Atlantic Coastal Plain soils." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16609.
Full textDeyme, Michel. "Modification de la composition chimique superficielle de polymères : étude de l'adsorption du collagène aux interfaces air ou polymère/solutions aqueuses." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA114804.
Full textMercury, Maud Chloé. "Etude de méthodes et moyens d'adsorption/désorption pour l'analyse en ligne de traces de dioxines/furannes à l'émission de sources fixes." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX11049.
Full textWaste management is a major problem of our society where the amount of waste is still increasing. In 2008, in France, 868 million tons of waste were produced. Today, incineration is considered to be an effective method for disposing of waste. However, since the discovery dioxins generated in all waste plants, this technique becomes a topic of great concern. The authorities require a regulation of dioxin emissions lower than 0. 1 ng ITEQ. M-3 in Europe. Consequently it appears very important to measure and control in “real time” dioxin emission levels from waste incinerators. The major focus of this dissertation work centers on the development of an on-line, real time and direct monitoring technique to study stationary emission sources of dioxins/furans. It concerns the study of new classes of selective adsorbents; in relation to the complexity of the gas mixture in the incinerator’s emissions and to the possible existence of the gas phase dioxin congeners. In a first time, these works focus on study, synthesis and characterization of new selective adsorbent materials as zeolites. These materials have been used as supports for adsorption of solutions of dioxins (2,3- DCDD and 1,2,3,4-TCDD in isooctane) and they have been compared to adsorbents used in NF EN 1948 standard during emission sampling. This study shows that NaX zeolite was the best adsorbent for selective trapping on dioxins. In a second time, an analytical method for on line monitoring of gas phase dioxin at the emission of waste incinerators is designed and developed. This method is based on an adsorption/ thermal desorption device coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The device allows the on-line analysis of the standard gas flue of dioxins and the analysis of dioxins trapped in an adsorbent tube. To conclude, these works shows the interest of use zeolites for selective trapping of gas phase dioxins in an on-line field device of adsorption/ thermal desorption of dioxins from stationary sources
Caja, Monique. "Adsorption du gaz naturel sur les charbons en conditions anhydres et saturées en eau : Etude des quantités adsorbées et du fractionnement isotopique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22019.
Full textNelson, Peter Robert. "Oxygen from air by pressure swing adsorption." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1281.
Full textThe main objective of the work outlined in tills project is to create an awareness of Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Processes, their application to oxygen production systems in the RSA and the construction and testing of a pilot plant, built to assess an overseas design. Available oxygen PSA technology was examined from a theoretical approach, right through to practical applications. The aim was not to re-invent the technology, but to review what technology is available and to assess its suitability for the South African Industrial Sectors. This was undertaken by investigating all PSA processes that are available to market the product to industry. The technology review includes an investigation of overseas PSA technologies and compares these modes of technology with the technology that is readily available to Afrox Limited, a major gas supplier in South Africa. This resulted in the technology from the British Oxygen Company being thoroughly reviewed, examined and compared to various other modes of technology. The basic principals of adsorption are discussed to give the reader an understanding of the factors that influence efficient adsorption and adsorbent regeneration. The parameters that defme when adsorption separation processes are applicable to the separation of atmospheric gases are also discussed. The different types of PSA plant layout are discussed in great detail and it is explained when each plant layout type would be used.
Ashry, Abdelaal Ahmed. "Adsorption and time dependent fixation of uranium (VI) in synthetic and natural matrices." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40353/.
Full textNanakassé, Sidiki. "Sur l'utilisation du gel de silice dans des machines frigorifiques à affinité : adsorption de l'eau et du méthanol." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS070.
Full textNavarro, Pedro. "Etude du comportement électrochimique des électrodes à pâte de carbone : application à l'étude des espèces adsorbées sur solide non électroactif." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10025.
Full textMocho, Pierre. "Adsorption de composés organiques volatils sur charbon actif : régénération in situ du charbon par chauffage par induction électromagnétique." Pau, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PAUU3015.
Full textFu, Yong 1948. "Solid activity coefficients of phosphate adsorbed by soil." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276722.
Full textARAUJO, ENEAS F. de. "Purificacao de hexafluoreto de uranio." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1986. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9876.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Benaïssa, Houcine. "Adsorption de propane et propylène sur corps microporeux." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0106.
Full textCosnier, Frédéric. "Contribution à l'étude de l'adsorption et de la désorption de composés organiques volatils chlorés sur charbons actifs." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10156.
Full textAdsorption and desorption of water and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in static (adsorption isotherms) and dynamic conditions (breakthrough curves) have been performed on different activated carbons (ACs) (granulated ACs and activated carbons fibers) with different textural characteristics and surface chemistry. The main objective of this study is to separate the different component of a chlorinated VOCs mixture in the presence or not of water vapor. It appears that both porous texture and surface chemistry of ACs as physicochemical characteristics of the probes have a strong influence on their adsorption (or desorption) process (mechanism and kinetics). A special attention has been drawn on the influence of the water presence: at high relative humidity rate, ACs adsorption properties (adsorbed amount and kinetics) for chlorinated VOCs are strongly affected. Separation of the dichloromethane/trichloroethylene mixture has been successfully realized whatever the experimental conditions. Last, an exploratory study on the AC hydrophobisation possibilities by the graphting of non-polar groups in liquid phase has been undertaken in order to limit the water presence effects
Ming, Loh Kong. "Etude de la compétition d'adsorption entre les composés oxygénés et les hydrocarbures sur les tamis moléculaires." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10308.
Full textAbbasi, Wasim Ahmed. "Adsorption of uranium from aqueous solution using conventional, modified and solvent-impregnated active carbons." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1992. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33124.
Full textRojas, Devia Carolina. "Biogaz en vue de son utilisation en production d'énergie : séparation des siloxanes et du sulfure d'hydrogène." Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824324.
Full textElayadi, Houda. "Comparaison physico-chimique et sites catalytiques entre les solides Au/CeO2 préparés par deux méthodes différentes : déposition-précipitation et imprégnation." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0269.
Full textTwo 4%Au/CeO2 catalysts have been prepared by two different methods : deposition-precipitation (DP) and impregnation (Imp). From the XRD, SEM and TEM study, nanoparticles of gold have been evidenced in the DP catalyst and agglomerates nearby nanoparticles in the Imp solid. Compared to the Imp solid, the DP catalyst showed a better catalytic activity in the CO oxidation reaction, the total oxidation of propene and the combustion of carbon black (soots). This difference in the activity is related to the presence of well-dispersed gold nanoparticles on the DP solid surface and a significant quantity of Aun+ located nearby the metallic gold and the O2- ions of the ceria lattice. The weak activity of the Imp catalyst is correlated to the presence on the surface of gold agglomerates and an important amount of chloride ions. These latter species are known as inhibitor in calatysis. In order to elucidate the redox properties of both DP and Imp catalysts, the solids have been degassed and treated under vacuum at 400°C for 1h before the absorption of air. Therefore, the two catalysts have been studied with the EPR technique. Two signals completely different have been evidenced : the first one with g- < g// on DP and the other one, denoted M, with g- > g// on the Imp catalyst. The DP signal has been attributed to O2- species whereas, the attribution of M signal has needed of more detailed study. In fact, the adsorption of air on x%Au/CeO2 (Imp) solids, where 0 <(or egal) x <(or egal) 4, has shown using the EPR technique, the appearance of a new P signal nearby of the M signal for Au contents less than x = 2. 5. From EPR results obtained after absorption, on x%Au/CeO2 (Imp) solids, O2, N2, O2+N2 or air, O2 before N2 ; N2 before O2, NO, N2O and NO2, the P signal has been attributed to O2- , NO2 2- or NO3 2- and M signal M to NO, O- or N2O-. The Nox formed can be considered as intermediate or final products. From these results mechanisms corresponding to all the formed products have been proposed
STOPA, LUIZ C. B. "Quitosama Magnética para remoção de urânio (VI)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2007. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11681.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Navaei, Milad. "Quartz crystal microbalance adsorption apparatus for high pressure gas adsorption measurements in nanomaterials." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41057.
Full textZghida, Haïfa. "Utilisation de ligno-celluloses cationiques pour la dépollution des eaux : application à la sorption de surfactants et des oxy-anions du chrome." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10042.
Full textCanard, Gabriel. "Matériaux hybrides organiques-inorganiques incorporant des métallocorroles de cobalt(III) : application à l'adsorption sélective du monoxyde de carbone." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS046.
Full textChristiaen, Anne-Claire. "Adsorption of water and carbon monoxide on Cu₂O(111) single crystal surfaces." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11102009-020324/.
Full textGorse, Joseph III. "CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACE ON CHEMICALLY MODIFIED PARTICULATE SURFACES (CHROMATOGRAPHY, ISOTHERM)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188088.
Full textSahel, Abdelkrim. "Contribution à l'étude en régime dynamique de la sorption sur charbon actif de molécules organiques. Comparaison et simplification de différents modèles." Limoges, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIMO0190.
Full textNarayan, Shankar B. "Measurement of diffusion and adsorption in porous adsorbents." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=73968.
Full textJauberty, Loïc. "Adsorption des radionucléides en solution par les écorces forestières : obtention et mise en oeuvre d'un agro-matériau sur un ancien site minier uranifère." Limoges, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIMO4055.
Full textThis work shows that a natural material such as forest bark can effectively substitute for synthetic ion exchange resins for industrial water pollution control. Such a process, named biosorption, was particularly studied in the case of uranium. It was first characterized in batch condition with activated Douglas fir barks. Optimal physicochemical conditions of biosorption process as well as its mathematical modelling through Langmuir isotherms were then studied. The results led to the evaluation of the maximal adsorption capacity (qmax) and affinity (b) that, for uranium, reaches 1. 25 meq/g (149 mg U/g) and 8. 3 L/meq respectively. First developed at the laboratory scale, this technology was, thanks to the support of the Pe@rl Company, transferred and tested through a pilot project under industrial conditions with contribution of AREVA NC (division minière at Margnac Pény, Haute-Vienne, France). Data collected during experiments were found to be in accordance with those obtained with the CHESS simulation software, which allows us to consider an optimization of the biosorption process at the industrial scale. Finally, our work shows that chemical modification of barks, either by oxidation or grafting of specific adsorption sites, results in increases of their maximum adsorption capacities as well as their affinities for uranium
Perrin, Amandine. "Contribution à l'étude du stockage du méthane par adsorption." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10125.
Full textNatural gas, which methane is the main component, is an alternative fuel. It is abundant and has clean burning characteristics; however its storage is difficult due to its very low density. Two storage routes were investigated. Methane adsorption was studied in optimized microporous carbons. They were prepared by chemical activation of anthracite powders with sodium hydroxide, and were then compacted. Associating both high adsorptive capacities and high apparent densities finally allowed exceeding the target of 150 volumes of methane delivered per volume of storage vessel at 20ʿC and 3. 5 MPa. Formation of methane hydrates was also observed in micro mésoporous carbons, at 2ʿC and at pressures higher than 4 MPa
Robinson, Kevin G. "Influence of organic matter on the sorption and bioavailability of 2,4,6-trichloro-(¹⁴C)-phenol." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08082007-114313/.
Full textPeters, Richard Edward. "An experimental apparatus for the measurement of sorption isotherms of moisture in porous building materials." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09122009-040234/.
Full textMauviel, Guillain. "Transport multi-composants dans les polymères : séparation hydrocarbures / hydrogène par membrane à sélectivité inverse." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_MAUVIEL_G.pdf.
Full textHydrocarbon / hydrogen separation by reverse selectivity membranes is investigated. The first goal is to develop materials showing an increased selectivity. Silicone membranes loaded with inorganic fillers have been prepared, but the expected enhancement is not observed. The second goal is to model the multi- component transport through rubbers. Indeed the permeability model is not able to predict correctly permeation when a vapour is present. Thus many phenomena have to be considered: diffusional interdependancy, sorption synergy, membrane swelling and drag effect. The dependence of diffusivities with the local composition is modelled according to free-volume theory. The model resolution allows to predict the permeation flow-rates of mixed species from their pure sorption and diffusion data. For the systems under consideration, the diffusional interdependancy is shown to be preponderant. Besides, sorption synergy importance is pointed out, whereas it is most often neglected
Davis, James Hal 1956, and James Hal 1956 Davis. "Sorption and desorption of benzene and para-xylene on an unsaturated desert soil." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291366.
Full textForsling, Scott A. "Sorption and biodegradation of phenanthrene in soils." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11102009-020357/.
Full textDelgado, Cano Beatriz. "Caractérisation des matériaux commerciaux et synthétisés destinés à adsorber le méthane et l'oxyde nitreux présents dans des émissions gazeuses et modélisation de l'adsorption." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27771.
Full textHuman activities contributed with a significant increase in GHG concentrations over the past 150 years and they are related to environmental issues, such as global warming and climate change. The agricultural sector contributes 8 to 10% of total GHG emissions to the atmosphere, being carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) the main GHGs emitted. The control and quantification of these emissions requires technologies which can capture and or degrade these GHG, for example by adsorption. The objective of this project is to characterize adsorbents and to describe their adsorption kinetics in order to select the most suitable for the adsorption of CH₄ and N₂O at low concentration and at ambient temperature. For CH₄ adsorption, commercial and synthesized adsorbents were tested. The selected adsorbents were commercial zeolites, laboratory conditioned biochar and synthesized ZIF ("Zeolitic imidazolate framework"). ZIF was also used for N₂O adsorption. The adsorption capacity of CH₄ and N₂O for each adsorbent was evaluated by dynamic adsorption tests of the gas under atmospheric conditions. Commercial zeolites, in the form of pellets and powders, were physically and chemically characterized in order to correlate their properties with its CH₄ adsorption capacity. The effect of zeolites structure and chemical composition on the adsorption capacity of CH₄ was evaluated for zeolites in the form of pellets and powders. CH₄ adsorption capacity of commercial zeolites was studied at 30 °C, atmospheric pressure and at CH₄ partial pressures lower than 0.40 kPa (4000 ppm CH₄). Freundlich isotherm fitted the experimental data of CH₄ adsorption. The adsorption capacity of CH₄ increased with the surface area and pore volume, while decreased with the Si/Al ratio and temperature. Furthermore, the zeolites in powder form exhibited higher CH₄ adsorption capacities than those of zeolites in pellets. The torrefied cardboard was chemically treated with KOH and it was physically, chemically and thermally characterized to correlate its properties with its CH₄ adsorption capacity and to predict the durability of the samples. The adsorption capacity of CH₄ of torrefied cardboard was studied at 30 °C, atmospheric pressure and CH₄ partial pressures lower than 0.40 kPa (4000 ppm CH4). The Freundlich adsorption isotherm fitted correctly the experimental data. CH4 adsorption capacity increased with torrefaction time and decreased with chemical treatment. ZIF-8 was obtained by solvothermal synthesis and was physically and chemically characterized in order to correlate its properties with its adsorption capacity of CH₄ and N₂O. The adsorption capacity of CH₄ and N₂O was studied at 30 °C and atmospheric pressure, while the partial pressures of CH₄ and N₂O evaluated were lower than 0.40 kPa for CH₄ (4000 ppm CH₄) and lower than 0.10 kPa for N2O (1000 ppm N₂O). The experimental adsorption of CH₄ an N₂O was fitted by Freundlich isotherm. Furthermore, the adsorption of a mixture of CH₄ and N₂O was evaluated, being CH₄ breakthrough influenced in the presence of N₂O. Among the different materials used for CH₄ adsorption at 30 ºC and partial pressures lower than 0.40 kPa (4000 ppm CH₄), biocharbons presented the highest adsorption capacity, followed by ZIF- 8 and commercial zeolites.
Luciani, Laurent. "Adsorption de molécules tensioactives du type alkylpoléthoxy sulfate de sodium à l'interface oxyde minéral - solution aqueuse." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30048.
Full textDecrette, Armelle. "Etude par simulation numérique de la dynamique moléculaire de l'adsorption de l'éthylène et du n-butane dans la silicate-1 : modélisation des spectres d'absorption infrarouge et de la cinétique d'adsorption." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS076.
Full textThe objective of this work is to develop a tool for molecular dynamics simulation for the study of the adsorption of gases in the porous solids. Two sets of themes of research currently under development are particularly aimed: hydrocarbon diffusion linear and connected in C6 on a silicalite by manometry out of equilibrium, and the adsorption of trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene on a silicalite by infrared spectroscopy. The implementation of this new set of themes of modelling being difficult with such molecules, we decided to work on less complex molecules: butane for the study of the diffusion, and ethylene for the infrared spectroscopy. The tool for numerical simulation set up rests on the principle of molecular dynamics except transient equilibrium. It makes it possible to study equilibria and the kinetics of adsorption according to protocols inspired by those used in experiments. Data of adsorption to equilibrium as well as dynamic properties and vibrational can be determined
Dufau, Nathalie. "Organisation de la phase adsorbée dans des matériaux microporeux modèles : étude thermodynamique structurale et dynamique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30083.
Full textThe inherent complexity of many industrial adsorbents renders the results of the physisorption of simple gases on such materials relatively difficult to interpret. With the aim to understand more clearly phenomena that occur during adsorption, the present study concentrates on well-defined model adsorbents whose pores are of molecular dimensions. This study initially focuses on an aluminophosphate with a neutral structure (without condensation cations) and unidirectional micropores of elliptical cross-section : AIPC>4-11. The conclusions obtained are then extended to systems such as ZSM-12, mordenite, 5A and 13X with both more complex micropore networks and non-neutral frameworks containing condensation cations. The interest of this study lies in the elucidation of the successive phenomena that may occur during the micropore filling process. The most suitable AIPC>4-11 sample was chosen following the most appropriate synthesis conditions and after controlling the liberation of the microporosity. This allowed the elimination of the organic template without degradation, via an evaporation-type process. .
BROSILLON, STEPHAN. "Traitement des composes organiques volatils (cov) par adsorption sur zeolithe. Etude du couplage absorption/adsorption applique au traitement de l'air." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0026.
Full textLi, Yong, and 李勇. "Performance prediction model for a rotary multi-bed adsorption coolingsystem." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245742.
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