Relevant bibliographies by topics / Upwelling

Academic literature on the topic 'Upwelling'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Upwelling"

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Cury, Philippe, and Claude Roy. "Optimal Environmental Window and Pelagic Fish Recruitment Success in Upwelling Areas." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 670–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-086.

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Food availability and physical constraints such as turbulence are now considered as important factors that affect larval survival and pelagic fish recruitment. In Ekman-type upwelling, vertical advection, new inputs of nutrients and turbulence are linked to wind speed. According to the literature, food availability for larvae is related to biological dynamics (primary production) up to a point where the biological processes are disturbed by physical processes (turbulence generated by wind mixing). This limitation does not exist for non Ekman-type upwelling where upwelling intensity is not correlated with wind speed. We hypothesize that relations between annual recruitments and upwelling intensity are dome shaped in Ekman-type upwellings and linear for non Ekman-type upwellings. A statistical method is used to analyse the form of the relationships between recruitments and upwelling indices or wind mixing. The recruitment of the Peruvian anchoveta (Engraulis ringens), of the Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax caerulea) and of the West African sardines and sardinellas are thereby examined. Results show that for Ekman-type upwelling the annual recruitment increases with upwelling intensity until wind speed reaches a value of roughly 5–6 m∙s−1 and decreases for higher values. For a non Ekman-type upwelling the relationship between recruitment and upwelling intensity is linear. These results confirm the existence of an optimal environmental window for recruitment.
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Troitskaya E.S., E. S., M. N. Shimaraev M.N., and I. A. Aslamov I.A. "Impact of climate change on occurrence and characteristics of coastal upwelling in Listvennichny Bay (Southern Baikal) from 1941 to 2023." Limnology and Freshwater Biology, no. 6 (2023): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31951/2658-3518-2023-a-6-261.

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The paper presents the results of analysis about relationship between climate changes and coastal upwellings in Listvennichny Bay (Southern Baikal) from 1941 to 2023. A decrease in both full and partial upwellings has been shown since the late 1950s. In addition, an increase in the proportion of upwelling events in August compared to other months during 1970-2023 were found. It also showed tendencies for longer upwelling durations and greater temperature drops during upwelling after 1970 compared to the previous period. Inferred from the analysis of the ERA5-Land data, it was determined that the cause of the observed changes was a global course of decreasing wind activity and a particular redistribution of the proportion of northerly and southwesterly winds in the Bay during the study period. Two cases of full and intermittent upwellings were described and compared. Possible ecological impacts on the Listvennichny Bay due to the combined effects of increasing anthropogenic pressure and less frequent upwellings have been hypothesized.
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Kowalewska-Kalkowska, Halina, and Marek Kowalewski. "Combining Satellite Imagery and Numerical Modelling to Study the Occurrence of Warm Upwellings in the Southern Baltic Sea in Winter." Remote Sensing 11, no. 24 (December 12, 2019): 2982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11242982.

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Coastal upwelling involves an upward movement of deeper, usually colder, water to the surface. Satellite sea surface temperature (SST) observations and simulations with a hydrodynamic model show, however, that the coastal upwelling in the Baltic Sea in winter can bring warmer water to the surface. In this study, the satellite SST data collected by the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) and the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), as well as simulations with the Parallel Model 3D (PM3D) were used to identify upwelling events in the southern Baltic Sea during the 2010–2017 winter seasons. The PM3D is a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the Baltic Sea developed at the Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Poland, in which parallel calculations enable high-resolution modelling. A validation of the model results with in situ observations and satellite-derived SST data showed the PM3D to adequately represent thermal conditions in upwelling areas in winter (91.5% agreement). Analysis of the frequency of warm upwellings in 12 areas of the southern Baltic Sea showed a high variability in January and February. In those months, the upwelling was most frequent, both in satellite imagery and in model results, off the Hel Peninsula (38% and 43% frequency, respectively). Upwelling was also frequent off the Vistula Spit, west of the Island of Rügen, and off the eastern coast of Skåne, where the upwelling frequency estimated from satellite images exceeded 26%. As determined by the PM3D, the upwelling frequency off VS and R was at least 25%, while off the eastern coast of Skåne, it reached 17%. The faithful simulation of SST variability in the winters of 2010–2017 by the high-resolution model used was shown to be a reliable tool with which to identify warm upwellings in the southern Baltic Sea.
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Silvestrova, K. P., S.A. Myslenkov 1,2,3,, and D. S. Repkov. "Wind upwelling forecast for the Russian Black Sea coast." Hydrometeorological research and forecasting 1 (March 30, 2022): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37162/2618-9631-2022-1-89-107.

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The paper presents a forecast system for wind Ekman upwelling for the Black Sea coast. The system is based on the calculation of the upwelling criterion, which depends on the wind speed and wind direction and the thickness of the upper mixed layer. The archived wind forecast was extracted from the COSMO-Ru07 model. The upwelling forecast with a lead time of 24–72 hours was calculated for three points off the Crimean coast for the period from May to November 2019. The quality of upwelling forecasts was assessed using in situ water temperature measurements in Balaklava, Foros, and Partenit. The comparison showed that 50% of the cases of a significant temperature drop for Foros and Balaklava are successfully predicted with a lead time of 48–72 hours. The cases of the significant temperature drop are rare in the study region, so the result is unsatisfactory. A part of cases that were not predicted by the system are probably downsurge upwellings or the horizontal advection of cold water. Keywords: upwelling, Black Sea, upwelling forecast, COSMO-Ru07, sea temperature
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Terada, Mio, Shoshiro Minobe, and Curtis Deutsch. "Mechanisms of Future Changes in Equatorial Upwelling: CMIP5 Intermodel Analysis." Journal of Climate 33, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 497–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0128.1.

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AbstractThe future change in equatorial upwelling between 1971–2000 and 2071–2100 is investigated using data from 24 coupled climate models. The multimodel ensemble (MME) mean exhibits substantial equatorial upwelling decrease in the eastern Pacific and weaker decrease in the western Atlantic Ocean. The MME mean of upwelling change and intermodel variation of that are decomposed into distinct isopycnal and diapycnal components. In the Pacific, the diapycnal upwelling decreases near the surface, associated with a weakened Ekman pumping. The isopycnal upwelling decreases at depths of 75–200 m around the core of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) due to flattening of the density layer in which it flows. Both the weakened Ekman pumping and the EUC flattening are induced by the locally weakened trade wind over the eastern Pacific basin. In the equatorial Atlantic, both the change in MME mean and the intermodel variation of upwellings are significantly related to the weakened trade wind and enhanced stratification, although these drivers are not independent. The results for the Pacific Ocean imply that future reduction in upwelling may have impacts at different depths by different mechanisms. In particular, the rapid warming of sea surface temperature in the eastern Pacific basin may be mainly caused by the near-surface diapycnal upwelling reduction rather than isopycnal upwelling reduction associated EUC flattening, which is important at deeper levels.
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Gaitán-Espitia, Juan Diego, Dustin Marshall, Sam Dupont, Leonardo D. Bacigalupe, Levente Bodrossy, and Alistair J. Hobday. "Geographical gradients in selection can reveal genetic constraints for evolutionary responses to ocean acidification." Biology Letters 13, no. 2 (February 2017): 20160784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0784.

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Geographical gradients in selection can shape different genetic architectures in natural populations, reflecting potential genetic constraints for adaptive evolution under climate change. Investigation of natural pH/ p CO 2 variation in upwelling regions reveals different spatio-temporal patterns of natural selection, generating genetic and phenotypic clines in populations, and potentially leading to local adaptation, relevant to understanding effects of ocean acidification (OA). Strong directional selection, associated with intense and continuous upwellings, may have depleted genetic variation in populations within these upwelling regions, favouring increased tolerances to low pH but with an associated cost in other traits. In contrast, diversifying or weak directional selection in populations with seasonal upwellings or outside major upwelling regions may have resulted in higher genetic variances and the lack of genetic correlations among traits. Testing this hypothesis in geographical regions with similar environmental conditions to those predicted under climate change will build insights into how selection may act in the future and how populations may respond to stressors such as OA.
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Khlebnikov, D. V., A. Yu Ivanov, M. A. Evdoshenko, and S. K. Klimenko. "Manifestations of Upwellings in the Black Sea in Multisensor Remote Sensing Data." Исследования Земли из космоса 2023, no. 6 (November 1, 2023): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0205961423060052.

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The paper presents the results of a study of upwelling in the Black Sea in three marine areas: in the northeastern part of the sea, near the Tendrovskaya Spit and the Western Crimea, and off the coast of Turkey. They are based on the use of multi-sensor remote sensing data, namely ocean color scanners (MODIS, VIIRS, OLCI-a and OLCI-b), infrared radiometers (TIRS and AVHRR), as well as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by spaceborne SARs. An integrated approach using practically only remote sensing data makes it possible to quite fully characterize the observed upwellings in the sea. In the active phase, upwelling, in addition to sea surface temperature (SST), is usually displayed both in the phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration (chlor-a) and in the sea surface roughness on the SAR images. In the analyzed cases, the duration of upwellings varied from 6 to 10 days, the SST differences in the upwelling zone were up to 8°С, and the concentrations of chlor-a were 5–6 times higher than the background values of 0.5–0.7 mg/m3. The maximum SST anomalies, which are about 8°C, were observed off the Turkish coast. As a result of the analysis, a dynamic relationship was revealed between the areas of low SST in the upwelling zone (compared to the sea waters surrounding this zone), sea surface roughness and chlor-a concentration. It is shown that in the case of using the full set of available remote sensing data, the observation, monitoring and study of upwelling does not present any fundamental difficulties.
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Yao, Zhongzhi, Wei Fan, Canbo Xiao, Tiancheng Lin, Yao Zhang, Yongyu Zhang, Jihua Liu, Zhujun Zhang, Yiwen Pan, and Ying Chen. "Numerical Studies on the Suitable Position of Artificial Upwelling in a Semi-Enclosed Bay." Water 12, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010177.

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Ecological engineering by artificial upwelling is considered a promising way to improve water quality. Artificial upwelling could lift nutrient-rich bottom water to the surface, enhance seaweed growth and consequently increase nutrient removal from seawater. However, one of the major obstacles of the engineering application is to determine the suitable position of ecological engineering, which is critical for artificial upwelling’s performance. In this paper, potential artificial upwelling positions in a semi-closed bay are simulated by using the unstructured-grid Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM). The results show that the upwelling position with relative small tidal current and close to corner will be helpful to increasing nutrient concentration of surface water, and be appropriate to build the ecological engineering. With proper design of the ecological engineering, it is possible to have a noticeable impact in semi-closed bay. Thus, artificial upwelling has the potential to succeed as a promising way to alleviate the eutrophication.
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González-Dávila, Melchor, J. Magdalena Santana Casiano, and Francisco Machín. "Changes in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the Mauritanian–Cap Vert upwelling region between 2005 and 2012." Biogeosciences 14, no. 17 (August 31, 2017): 3859–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3859-2017.

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Abstract. Coastal upwellings along the eastern margins of major ocean basins represent regions of large ecological and economic importance due to the high biological productivity. The role of these regions for the global carbon cycle makes them essential in addressing climate change. The physical forcing of upwelling processes that favor production in these areas are already being affected by global warming, which will modify the intensity of upwelling and, consequently, the carbon dioxide cycle. Here, we present monthly high-resolution surface experimental data for temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in one of the four most important upwelling regions of the planet, the Mauritanian–Cap Vert upwelling region, from 2005 to 2012. This data set provides direct evidence of seasonal and interannual changes in the physical and biochemical processes. Specifically, we show an upwelling intensification and an increase of 0.6 Tg yr−1 in CO2 outgassing due to increased wind speed, despite increased primary productivity. This increase in CO2 outgassing together with the observed decrease in sea surface temperature at the location of the Mauritanian Cap Blanc, 21° N, produced a pH rate decrease of −0.003 ± 0.001 yr−1.
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Wolstencroft, Martin, and J. Huw Davies. "Breaking supercontinents; no need to choose between passive or active." Solid Earth 8, no. 4 (August 7, 2017): 817–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-8-817-2017.

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Abstract. Much debate has centred on whether continental break-up is predominantly caused by active upwelling in the mantle (e.g. plumes) or by long-range extensional stresses in the lithosphere. We propose the hypothesis that global supercontinent break-up events should always involve both. The fundamental principle involved is the conservation of mass within the spherical shell of the mantle, which requires a return flow for any major upwelling beneath a supercontinent. This shallow horizontal return flow away from the locus of upwelling produces extensional stress. We demonstrate this principle with numerical models, which simultaneously exhibit both upwellings and significant lateral flow in the upper mantle. For non-global break-up the impact of the finite geometry of the mantle will be less pronounced, weakening this process. This observation should motivate future studies of continental break-up to explicitly consider the global perspective, even when observations or models are of regional extent.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Upwelling"

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Fawkes, Keva. "Upwelling." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5467.

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Presently, my practice is multi-disciplinary and includes ceramics, sculpture, metals, design, and social practice — the work explores cultural identity, immigration, and cultural imagery using found objects and vernacular architectural references. Many of which are rooted in a post-colonial Anglo Caribbean history, but have grown to include new environments, narratives, and histories that parallel the latter.
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Pickett, Mark H. "Improving wind-based upwelling estimates off the west coasts of North and South America." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FPickett.%5FPhD.pdf.

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Malauene, Bernardino Sergio. "Shelf edge upwelling off Northern Mozambique." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6127.

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A combination of satellite and in situ data were used to infer the occurrence and temporalspatial variability of upwelling near Angoche. The data were derived from MODIS SST and Chl-a between 2003 and 2007, in situ moored underwater temperature recorder at a depth of 18 m for the period 2003ô2007 and two shipboard surveys providing CTD and XBT data in December 2008 and in August 2009 in the northern Mozambique region. The results con rm that shelf edge upwelling occurs along the northern coast of Mozambique near Angoche between 15 and 18oS, covering an area of approximately 68 000 km2. The upwelling signature was not strong at the surface. Two upwelling core regions were identi ed: (1) the shelf core region and (2) the slope core region. At the shelf core region upwelling was more persistent than at the slope core upwelling. The upwelling displayed seasonal variation between persistent downwelling (warm water) between AprilôJuly and intermittent upwelling (cool water) events between AugustôMarch. Generally the upwelling lasted for a period of about two months but, shorter periods between 8 and 30 days were also observed. The driving mechanism for the shelf edge upwelling o northern Mozambique was determined from satellite observations (NOAA/NCDC) of blended sea surface wind data, and by multi-satellite (AVISO) altimeter sea surface anomaly data between 2003 and 2007 and also during the two cruise surveys in December 2008 and August 2009. These data showed upwelling is in part wind-driven in response to the northôeasterly (NE) monsoon weak-wind velocities between AugustôMarch in the austral spring-summer. The intermittent nature of the upwelling season is also partly due to uctuations in wind direction during the NE monsoon winds. Eddies appear to play a limited role in driving the upwelling.
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Amieroh, Abrahams. "Detecting patterns of upwelling variability in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems with special emphasis on the Benguela region." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7827.

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Magister Scientiae (Biodiversity and Conservation Biology)
Coastal upwelling is one of the most important oceanographic processes relating to ecosystem function at local and global spatial scales. To better understand how changes in upwelling trends may occur in the face of ongoing anthropogenically induced climate change it is important to quantify historical trends in climatic factors responsible for enabling coastal upwelling. However, a paucity of conclusive knowledge relating to patterns concerning changes in upwelling across the world’s oceans over time makes such analyses difficult. In this study I aimed to quantify these patterns by first identifying when upwelling events occur using a novel method for predicting the behaviours of coastal upwelling systems over time. By using remotely sensed SST data of differing resolutions as well as several wind variables I was able to identify and quantify upwelling signals at several distances away from the coastline of various upwelling systems. Using this novel method of determining upwelling, I then compared upwelling patterns within all Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) over a period of 37 years, with the assumption that climate change was likely to have driven variable wind patterns leading to a more intense upwelling over time. Overall, upwelling patterns and wind variables did not intensify overtime. This method of identifying upwelling may allow for the development of predictive capabilities to investigate upwelling trends in the future.
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Abrahams, Amieroh. "Detecting patterns of upwelling variability in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems with special emphasis on the Benguela region." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7919.

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Magister Scientiae (Biodiversity and Conservation Biology)
Coastal upwelling is one of the most important oceanographic processes relating to ecosystem function at local and global spatial scales. To better understand how changes in upwelling trends may occur in the face of ongoing anthropogenically induced climate change it is important to quantify historical trends in climatic factors responsible for enabling coastal upwelling. However, a paucity of conclusive knowledge relating to patterns concerning changes in upwelling across the world’s oceans over time makes such analyses difficult. In this study I aimed to quantify these patterns by first identifying when upwelling events occur using a novel method for predictingthe behaviours of coastal upwelling systems over time. By using remotely sensed SST data of differing resolutions as well as several wind variables I was able to identify and quantify upwelling signals at several distances away from the coastline of various upwelling systems. Using this novel method of determining upwelling, I then compared upwelling patterns within all Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) over a period of 37 years, with the assumption that climate change was likely to have driven variable wind patterns leading to a more intense upwelling over time. Overall, upwelling patterns and wind variables did not intensify overtime. This method of identifying upwelling may allow for the development of predictive capabilities to investigate investigate investigate upwelling trends in the future.
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Koehler, Kim A. "Observations and modeling of currents within the Monterey Bay during May 1988." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA238699.

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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990.
Thesis Advisor(s): Ramp, Steven R. Second Reader: Smith, David C. "June 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on 20 October 2009. DTIC Identifier(s): Ocean currents, ocean circulation, Pacific Ocean, Monterey Bay (California), Monterey submarine canyon, oceanographic data, ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler), meteorological data, air water interactions, mean flow, theses. Author(s) subject terms: Monterey Bay, currents, observations, modeling, upwelling. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-107). Also available in print.
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Hagelin, Susanna. "Effects of Upwelling Events on the Atmosphere." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303882.

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During an upwelling event the cold bottom-water is brought to the sea surface. This cools the atmosphere from below and the stratification becomes more stable. When the atmosphere is more stable the turbulence is reduced and, as a consequence, so are the turbulent fluxes. This study is investigating four periods of upwelling from the Östergarnsholm-site, in the Baltic Sea east of Gotland, during the summer of 2005. The air measurements are taken at a tower at the southernmost tip of Östergarnsholm while the measurements in the water are from a buoy moored 1 km south-southeast of the tower. During all the upwelling events the wind is south-westerly, along the coast of Gotland. This means that the buoy is not within the flux footprint area and is perhaps not always representative of what happens there. All the periods show a stabilization of the atmosphere as the SST (Sea Surface Temperature) decreases. The heat fluxes, especially the latent heat flux, decreases as the SST decreases. The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, in the summer, is usually higher than the amount in the surface water of the seas because the oceans are a net sink of CO2. The air-sea flux of CO2 is to a large extent controlled by this difference. Therefore the flux of CO2 is usually directed to the sea. The deep-water contains more CO2 than the surface water because the phytoplankton near the surface removes CO2 through photosynthesis. The deep-water is also colder and can solve more CO2. During an upwelling event this CO2-rich water is brought to the surface. As an upwelling event progresses the difference in CO2-concentration between the air and the sea is reduced, sometimes reversed, and the flux decreases. This is what happens in three of the investigated periods in this study. During the fourth period a counter gradient flux is observed.
När en uppvällning inträffar förs kallt djupvatten upp till havsytan. Det kalla vattnet kyler atmosfären nedifrån, något som leder till mer stabil skiktning. När atmosfären blir mer stabilt skiktad dämpas turbulensen och det medför att de turbulenta flödena också avtar. I den här studien analyseras fyra perioder med uppvällning. Mätningarna kommer från Östergarnsholm, öster om Gotland, under sommaren 2005. Mätningarna i luften är tagna från en mast vid Östergarnsholms södra udde. Mätningarna i vattnet kommer från en boj som är förankrad 1 km sydsydöst om masten. Vid samtliga uppvällnings-perioder i den här studien är vinden sydvästlig (längs Gotlandskusten). Det betyder att bojen inte befinner sig inom flödenas footprint-area och dess mätningar är kanske inte hela tiden representativa för vad som händer i footprint-arean. Samtliga undersökta perioder visar på en stabilisering av atmosfären då havsytans temperatur avtar. Värmeflödena, i synnerhet det latenta värmeflödet, avtar i samband med att temperaturen i havsytan sjunker. Halten av CO2 i atmosfären är vanligtvis högre än halten i havens ytvatten (under sommaren) eftersom de är en nettosänka för CO2 globalt sett. CO2-flödet mellan havsytan och atmosfären styr till en stor del av denna skillnaden i CO2-halt. Det innebär att CO2-flödet är riktat neråt, mot havet. Havens djupvatten innehåller mer CO2 därför att växtplankton nära ytan reducerar CO2-halten genom fotosyntesen. Djupvattnet är också kallare och kan därför lösa mer CO2. Under en uppvällning förs detta CO2-rika vatten upp till ytan. När en uppvällning fortskrider minskar skillnaden i CO2-halt mellan hav och atmosfär (ibland kan CO2-halten i ytvattnet även komma att överstiga atmosfärens halt) och flödet avtar. Tre av perioderna i den här studien visar på ett avtagande flöde. Den fjärde perioden uppvisar ett flöde motriktat CO2-gradienten.
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Ramanantsoa, Heriniaina Juliano Dani. "Variability of coastal upwelling south of Madagascar." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29859.

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Madagascar’s southern coastal marine zone is a region of high biological productivity which supports a wide range of marine ecosystems, including fisheries. This high biological productivity is attributed to coastal upwelling. The thesis seeks to characterise the variability of the coastal upwelling south of Madagascar. The first part of the thesis provides new insights on the structure, variability and drivers of the coastal upwelling south of Madagascar. Satellite remote sensing is used to characterize the spatial extent and strength of the coastal upwelling. A front detection algorithm is applied to thirteen years of Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) and an upwelling index is calculated. The influence of winds and ocean currents as drivers of the upwelling are investigated using satellite, in-situ observations, and a numerical model. Results reveal the presence of two well-defined upwelling cells. The first cell (Core 1) is located in the southeastern corner of Madagascar, and the second cell (Core 2) is west of the southern tip of Madagascar. These two cores are characterized by different seasonal variability, different intensities, different upwelled water mass origins, and distinct forcing mechanisms. Core 1 is associated with a dynamical upwelling forced by the detachment of the East Madagascar Current (EMC), which is reinforced by upwelling favourable winds. Core 2 which appears to be primarily forced by upwelling favourable winds, is also influenced by a poleward eastern boundary flow coming from the Mozambique Channel. This intrusion of Mozambique Channel warm waters could result in an asynchronicity in seasonality between upwelling surface signature and upwelling favourables winds. The second part of the thesis focuses on the interaction between the intrusion of warm water from Mozambique channel and the upwelling cell in Core 2. Cruise datasets, satellite remote sensing observations and model data analyses are combined to highlight the existence of a coastal surface poleward flow in the south-west of Madagascar: the South-west MAdagascar iv Coastal Current (SMACC). The SMACC is a relatively shallow (Coastal Current (SMACC). The SMACC is a relatively shallow (<300 m) and narrow (<100km wide) warm and salty coastal surface current, which flows along the south western coast of Madagascar toward the south, opposite to the dominant winds. The warm water surface signature of the SMACC extends from 22◦S (upstream) to 26.4◦S (downstream). The SMACC exhibits a seasonal variability: more intense in summer and reduced in winter. The average volume transport of its core is about 1.3 Sv with a mean summer maximum of 2.1 Sv. It is forced by a strong cyclonic wind stress curl associated with the bending of the trade winds along the southern tip of Madagascar. The SMACC directly influences the coastal upwelling regions south of Madagascar. Its existence is likely to influence local fisheries and larval transportpatterns, as well as the connectivity with the Agulhas Current, affecting the returning branch of the global overturning circulation. The last part of the thesis provides a holistic understanding of the inter-annual variability of the upwelling cells associated with the multiple forcing mechanisms defined in the first two parts of this work. Results reveal that the upwelling cells, Core 1 and Core 2, have different inter-annual variabilities. Inter-annual variability of Core 1 is associated with the East Madagascar Current (EMC) while Core 2 is linked with the South-west MAdagascar Coastal Current (SMACC). Inter-annual changes in the EMC occur as a result of oscillations in the South Equatorial Current (SEC) bifurcation off Madagascar, while the inter-annual variability in the SMACC is influenced by the cyclonic wind stress curl inter-annual variability. The upwelling is also linked with global/regional climate modes. Both Cores are highly correlated with the Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole (SIOD). Core 2 is also correlated to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Both cores are significantly correlated with the El Ni˜no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) after 12 months lag.
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Arthur, William Craig School of Mathematics UNSW. "The Flinders current and upwelling in submarine canyons." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Mathematics, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/28871.

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The continental shelf off South Australia is incised by some of the largest known submarine canyons. Extensive observations of submarine canyons in other parts of the world have shown submarine canyons can result in locally persistent upwelling regions. Along the southern coastline, westward slope currents including anticyclonic eddies and the Flinders Current (FC) can result in favourable conditions for upwelling in the vicinity of these canyons. Little data is available to describe the FC and so we review three global ocean circulation models and their representation of the FC. Though there are considerable differences between the outputs of these three models, this analysis provides a range of potential scales for the structure and transport of the FC. The reasons for the differences between the output of the three models are extensive, but to a first approximation, climatological surface wind stress products are compared. Dynamical descriptions of the flow past submarine canyons are reviewed and in part extended, in particular the vertical scale of the induced motion is estimated as the Rossby height RH. A description of upwelling and downwelling flow incorporating vorticity stretching is also presented. An idealised model of the southern Australian continental shelf and the submarine canyons reveals the circulation is heavily modified by the presence of the canyons, inducing persistent upwelling of dense water onto the downstream shelf. In addition, one prominent feature of the induced circulation ??? a coastal jet ??? is found to be peculiar to flat inner shelf topographies. More realistic topography including a sloped inner shelf results in reduced shoreward transport within the canyon and hence reduced upwelling.
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Li, Z. "A numerical study of basic coastal upwelling processes." Thesis, University of Reading, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234709.

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Books on the topic "Upwelling"

1

Kämpf, Jochen, and Piers Chapman. Upwelling Systems of the World. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42524-5.

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Mason, Janet E. Upwelling index update, U.S. west coast, 33N-48N latitude. [Monterey, Calif.]: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Center, 1986.

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E, Hagen, Silva A. Jorge da, International Council for the Exploration of the Sea., and ICES Statutory Meeting (1993 : Dublin, Ireland), eds. Dynamics of upwelling in the ICES area: Selected papers presented at theme session O at the ICES Statutory Meeting, 23 September-1 October 1993. [Copenhagen, Denmark]: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, 1995.

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Barth, John A. Stability of a coastal upwelling front over topography. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987.

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Mason, Janet E. Upwelling index update, U.S. west coast, 33N-48N latitude. [Monterey, Calif.]: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Center, 1986.

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Workshop on Models for Yield Prediction in the Peruvian Ecosystem (1987 Callao, Perú). peru Peruvian upwelling ecosystem: Dynamics and interactions. Callao, Perú: Instituto del Mar del Perú, 1989.

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V, Shannon L., and Sea Fisheries Research Institute (South Africa)., eds. South African ocean colour and upwelling experiment. Cape Town: Sea Fisheries Research Institute, 1985.

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Austin, Jay Alan. Wind-driven circulation on a shallow, stratified shelf. Woods Hole, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, 1998.

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Dahlem Workshop on Upwelling in the Ocean: Modern Processes and Ancient Records (1994 Berlin, Germany). Upwelling in the ocean: Modern processes and ancient records : report of the Dahlem Workshop on Upwelling in the Ocean, Modern Processes and Ancient Records, Berlin 1994, September 25-30. New York: Wiley, 1995.

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Austin, Jay Alan. Wind-driven circulation on a shallow, stratified shelf. Woods Hole, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Upwelling"

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Summerhayes, Colin P. "Upwelling." In Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences, 1–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6644-0_96-1.

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Summerhayes, Colin. "Upwelling." In Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences, 1–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6644-0_96-2.

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Barua, Dilip K. "Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 600–604. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_88.

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Barua, Dilip K. "Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48657-4_88-2.

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Furnas, Miles J. "Upwelling and Coral Reefs." In Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs, 1125–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_160.

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Kämpf, Jochen, and Piers Chapman. "Other Important Upwelling Systems." In Upwelling Systems of the World, 363–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42524-5_9.

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Mohan, Ram K., Andrew D. Short, Gillian Cambers, M. MacLeod, J. A. G. Cooper, David Hopley, Vincent May, et al. "Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling." In Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, 306–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_88.

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Rohli, Robert V., and Chunyan Li. "Coastal Upwelling and Weather." In Meteorology for Coastal Scientists, 443–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73093-2_45.

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Woods, John. "Scale Upwelling and Primary Production." In Toward a Theory on Biological-Physical Interactions in the World Ocean, 7–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3023-0_2.

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Tarazona, J., and W. Arntz. "The Peruvian Coastal Upwelling System." In Ecological Studies, 229–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04482-7_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Upwelling"

1

Ganguly, D., and M. Raman. "Coastal Upwelling During Normal and EL Nino Years: Case Study of Peru and Oman Upwelling." In 2021 IEEE International India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (InGARSS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ingarss51564.2021.9792080.

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Song, Anke, Yuanlang Cai, and Xiaolong Yang. "Nonlinear Amplifications in the Air Gap Response of a Deep Draft Semi-Submersible." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18415.

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Abstract This paper addresses the nonlinear amplifications in the upwelling crests of air gap responses from the wave basin model test of a deep draft semi-submersible in extreme wave condition. Contributions from nonlinear incident waves, vessel motions and wave-body interactions are analyzed separately. Results from the analyses suggest that, nonlinear amplification factors are larger than predictions from second order corrected model for incident and diffracted waves. Low frequency roll and pitch motions will induce larger nonlinear negative vertical motions for points in down-wave area, thus worsen air gap performance. Upwellings are highly related to diffracted wave elevations. Local run-ups due to highly nonlinear wave-body interactions around column walls could result in the nonlinear amplification factors in this area to be up to 230%.
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Tabeta, Shigeru, and Haruki Yoshimoto. "Investigation of Carbon Budget Around Artificial Upwelling Generator by a Coupled Physical-Biological Model." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29653.

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There are several projects of generating upwelling by artificial structures to enhance the primary production expecting fish catch increase. From the view point of global environment, CO2 budget between atmosphere and ocean due to such technologies are also interesting. In this study, a coupled physical-biological model was developed to simulate the nitrogen and carbon cycles around artificial upwelling generator. The model is focusing on the degradation of particulate organic matter, because the process should much affects on the efficiency of the biological pump. The model is tuned by using the experimental data and applied to simulate the material cycle in the target area which is located north of Ikitsuki Island located northwest of Kyusyu, Japan, where an artificial seabed mound is installed to generate upwelling. The long-term carbon budget is also estimated by vertical one-dimensional ecosystem model using the parameters determined from the results of the three-dimensional coupled physical-biological model.
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Ouchi, Kazuyuki. "Results From Real Sea Experiment of Ocean Nutrient Enhancer TAKUMI." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79866.

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Upwelling and scattering Deep Ocean Water (DOW) into the euphotic surface layer has been proposed by many oceanographers as a “fishing ground of artificial upwelling”. So far, however, there are no successful means to make it, because of the following difficulties; the very huge amount of DOW upwelling, the dilution of DOW’s nutrient salts in the sea, enduring the rough sea condition on offshore, the strength of very long riser pipe for upwelling, etc. The MARINO-FORUM 21, sponsored by Japanese government fisheries agency, organized the research and development project of an ocean nutrient enhancer named TAKUMI and real sea experiment using it, since the year of 2000. New technology concept, featuring the density current generator for avoiding dilution of nutrient salts, the spar type submersible floating structure for withstanding against the rough sea condition, and the design and analysis of riser pipe for not only in case of the rough sea but also in case of the upending which is world first challenge of election of steel riser pipe with gravity fall in the sub-sea, was studied and introduced for the design of TAKUMI as a proper Ocean Nutrient Enhancer. TAKUMI that upwells DOW of 100,000m3/day from 200m depth and discharges it into the euphotic layer with Diesel engine was manufactured and set-up at the center of Sagami Bay in Japan, in May 2003. More than five years continuous operation in various sea conditions, which includes very rough sea in typhoon and rapid current, caused by direction change of Kuroshio Current was carried out. Also, the behavior of the nutrient water mass and the pattern of primary production around TAKUMI was investigated using the research vessel Tansei Maru. The results from the real sea experiment lead us to believe that the TAKUMI type artificial DOW upwelling system can be feasible to increase a primary production and make a fishing ground in case of large size system of more than 1,000,000m3/day.
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Soloviev, Alexander V. "Ocean upwelling system utilizing energy of surface waves." In 2016 Techno-Ocean (Techno-Ocean). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/techno-ocean.2016.7890650.

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Fay, Temple H., H. V. Miller, and R. K. Clark. "Bathymetric analysis of in-water upwelling-radiance data." In Orlando '90, 16-20 April, edited by Richard W. Spinrad. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.21478.

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Relvas, Paulo, Carlos Monteiro, Alexandra Cravo, Sara Cardeira, Miguel Madureira, Filomena Rita, and Ricardo Sanchez. "Cross-shore exchanges imposed by an upwelling filament." In OCEANS 2014 - TAIPEI. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans-taipei.2014.6964385.

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Burenkov, Vladimir I., Oleg V. Kopelevich, and Anatoli I. Sud'bin. "Optical properties of the northwest African upwelling region." In Ocean Optics XII, edited by Jules S. Jaffe. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.190110.

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Ge, Yuntao, Howard R. Gordon, and Kenneth J. Voss. "Effect of Raman scattering on Fraunhofer lines in the ocean." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.thg2.

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By measuring the change of Fraunhofer lines in the solar spectrum in the water column, information on inelastic scattering process can be extracted. In this paper we model the effect of Raman scattering on Fraunhofer lines in ocean water. The change of Fraunhofer lines in ocean was calculated via Monte Carlo simulations. Six lines, 396.8, 422.7, 486.1, 518.4, 589.0, 656.3 nm, were investigated. Here η, defined as the ratio of the irradiance at the center of the Fraunhofer line to the background, was used to characterize the change of the Fraunhofer lines. It was found that η for 589.0 and 656.3 nm goes to 1 quickly as the depth increases, both for upwelling and downwelling irradiance. The 396.8- and 422.7-nm lines show a different behavior: η for the downwelling irradiance is almost constant while for the upwelling irradiance it is largest at the surface and decreases with depth. The 486.1- and 518.4-nm lines appear to be a dividing point between the shortwave and longwave range. At these wavelengths, η does not change with depth and is always larger in the upwelling irradiance than in the downwelling irradiance.
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Clemente-Colon, P. "East Coast upwelling signatures in synthetic aperture radar imagery." In IGARSS '98. Sensing and Managing the Environment. 1998 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing. Symposium Proceedings. (Cat. No.98CH36174). IEEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.1998.691441.

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Reports on the topic "Upwelling"

1

Smith, Robert L. Equatorward Jets, Poleward Undercurrents and Coastal Upwelling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada300328.

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Bissett, W. P. Predicting Upwelling Radiance on the West Florida Shelf. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630946.

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Bissett, W. P. Predicting Upwelling Radiance on the West Florida Shelf. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada620106.

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Bissett, W. P. Predicting Upwelling Radiance on the West Florida Shelf. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada625041.

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Bissett, W. P. Predicting Upwelling Radiance on the West Florida Shelf. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626580.

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Luther, Mark E. Upwelling and Mixed Layer Dynamics in the Arabian Sea. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628309.

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Cessi, Paola, and Christopher Wolfe. Warm Bias and Parameterization of Boundary Upwelling in Ocean Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1054196.

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Van Geen, Alexander, and John Marra. Can Macro- and Micro-Nutrient Inputs be Decoupled During Coastal Upwelling? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609902.

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Brown, R. T., and J. A. Gordon. Measurement of upwelling flow from Upper Bear Creek reservoir air diffusers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6072313.

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Van Geen, Alexander, and John Marra. Can Macro- and Micro-Nutrient Inputs Be Decoupled During Coastal Upwelling? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630279.

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