Academic literature on the topic 'Upward influence'

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Journal articles on the topic "Upward influence"

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Ralston, David A., Guenther R. Vollmer, Narasimhan Srinvasan, Joel D. Nicholson, Moureen Tang, and Paulina Wan. "Strategies of Upward Influence." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 32, no. 6 (November 2001): 728–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022101032006006.

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Maslyn, John M., Steven M. Farmer, and Donald B. Fedor. "Failed Upward Influence Attempts." Group & Organization Management 21, no. 4 (December 1996): 461–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059601196214006.

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Luu, Tuan. "Paths from leadership to upward influence." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 10, no. 3 (July 8, 2014): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-01-2014-0002.

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Purpose – This inquest into consumer goods companies in Vietnam aims to examine if leadership influences corporate social responsibility (CSR) and emotional intelligence (EI), which in turn influences upward influence behavior. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Structural equation modeling approach contributed to the analysis of 406 responses returned from self-administered structured questionnaires sent to 690 middle level managers. Findings – From the findings emerged a model of upward influence behavior and its antecedents such as leadership, CSR, and EI. Transformational leadership, ethical CSR, and high level of EI were found to nurture organizationally beneficial upward influence tactics. Originality/value – Through the findings of the study, the insight into the leadership-based model of upward influence behavior underscores the role of transformational leadership style, ethical CSR, as well as team EI in the cultivation of organizationally beneficial upward influence tactics in consumer goods companies in Vietnam business context.
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Anderson, Lynn R., and Jerry Tolson. "Leaders' Upward Influence in the Organization." Small Group Research 22, no. 1 (February 1991): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046496491221004.

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Trong Tuan, Luu. "What trust grows through upward influence?" Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration 4, no. 2 (September 21, 2012): 158–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17574321211269298.

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FARMER, STEVEN M., JOHN M. MASLYN, DONALD B. FEDOR, and JODI S. GOODMAN. "Putting upward influence strategies in context." Journal of Organizational Behavior 18, no. 1 (January 1997): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1379(199701)18:1<17::aid-job785>3.0.co;2-9.

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Tandon, Kanika, Mahfooz A. Ansari, and Alka Kapoor. "Attributing Upward Influence Attempts in Organizations." Journal of Psychology 125, no. 1 (January 1991): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1991.10543270.

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Ansari, Mahfooz A., and Alka Kapoor. "Organizational context and upward influence tactics." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 40, no. 1 (August 1987): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(87)90004-5.

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SHIMAKURA, Daisuke. "Upward influence strategy in Japanese business organizations." Japanese Journal of Administrative Science 13, no. 3 (2000): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5651/jaas.13.179.

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Chacko, Harsha E. "Upward Influence: How Administrators Get Their Way." Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 29, no. 2 (August 1988): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001088048802900218.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Upward influence"

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Farmer, Steven Marvin. "Strategies in upward influence : antecedents of upward influence styles and the impact of attributions for failure." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29577.

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Brake, William A. brake. "An Examination of Followers' Upward Influence." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1496924766830278.

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Byrne, Ros, and n/a. "Influencing the boss : correlates of upward influence strategies." University of Canberra. Administration, 1994. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050202.165638.

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The research reported in this thesis examines some aspects of upward influence behaviours at work, and in particular, the relationship between type of influence behaviours used and a number of potential correlates, including sex of agent, sex of target, sex-role identity, locus of control, job level, job type (secretarial worker or not) and educational level of agent. To examine these relationships. 64 male and 173 female white-collar workers (at AS01 to AS06 levels, or equivalent) in three large organisations in Canberra (A.C.T.) were surveyed, with a questionnaire containing measures of influence behaviours, attitudes to influencing upwards at work, a measure of sex-role identity, and a measure of locus of control beliefs, as well as demographic information. The data gathered from this survey was analysed using univariate, bivariate. and multivariate methods. Results showed limited support for stereotypical differences between males and females in influence behaviours used, and no support for hypotheses involving sex of target, sex-role identity, or secretarial workers. Influence behaviours previously identified as having positive outcomes for the agent were found in this study to be significantly associated with job level and educational level; influence behaviours previously identified as having negative outcomes for the agent were significantly associated with the tendency to explain outcomes in terms of control by powerful others, and with a sex-role identity characterised by negative masculinity traits. These findings suggest the importance of both structural and personal factors in choice of upward influence strategies at work. Suggestions for further research are provided.
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Russell, Sophia. "The Role of Upward Influence in Organizational Politics: A Discussion on the Effectiveness of Single and Combined Influence Tactics in an Upward Direction." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1379.

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As part of organizational politics, influence allows employees to impact the attitudes and behaviors of peers, supervisors, and subordinates. Even though there are a variety of influence tactics, this thesis examines the few tactics used individually and in combination in an upward direction. This thesis adds to upward influence literature by discussing not only effective upward tactics, but also strategies found in unsuccessful attempts, providing insights for employees. The individual influence tactics discussed to be most successful are rational persuasion, consultation, and ingratiation, while exchange tactics are likely to lead to a failed influence attempt. The combined influence tactics found to lead to a greater chance of success are soft and rational tactics, while combinations of hard as well as hard and soft tactics were shown to be less successful in upward influence attempts. Additionally, limitations and future research on upward influence are identified in the thesis.
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Reed, Shirley A. McCarthy John R. "The exercise of upward influence by community college learning resources administrators." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1985. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8514782.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1985.
Title from title page screen, viewed June 9, 2005. Dissertation Committee: John McCarthy (chair), Ronald Halinski, William Piland, Mary Ann Lynn, Marilyn Feldmann. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-109) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Muzzin, Joanne Jennifer. "Influence of upward water flow on downward DNAPL migration through a rock fracture network." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22367.pdf.

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Chow, Toi Kwan. "Examining upward influence as a form of citizenship behavior in universities in Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1478.

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Hallenbeck, Susan Leslie. "Cultural knowledge and upward influence: a study of nonacademic middle managers at multi-purpose midwestern university /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487856906261076.

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Alshenaifi, Najla. "Follower upward influence tactics and their relationships with job performance ratings : the importance of leader-member exchange (LMX) and leader/follower gender similarity." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/402058/.

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This doctoral study focuses on upward influence tactics and the social exchange process which takes place between leaders and their followers. The research posits Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) dimensions as a theoretical mechanism for understanding how upward influence tactics work. More specifically, it analyses the roles of LMX dimensions in mediating the relationship between followers’ upward influence tactics and job performance ratings. Furthermore, it seeks to understand the role of gender similarity in moderating the relationship between upward influence tactics and LMX dimensions. It goes on to query upward influence tactics’ direct and non-linear relationships with job performance ratings, the differences between leaders’ and followers’ reporting of the use of follower upward influence tactics and test their relationships with job performance ratings, and the use of these tactics in the Saudi context. The empirical research for the present study took place in public, private, and non-profit organizations in Saudi Arabia. This is a country which has not been the focus of research on influence tactics to date in the literature. Based on a sample of 389 leader-follower pairs, the results show a number of significant relationships. Results revealed that rationality and self-presentation tactics have positive relationships with job performance ratings while exchange of benefits and upward appeal tactics have negative relationships with job performance ratings. Moreover, LMX-loyalty mediates the relationship between upward influence tactics of rationality, ingratiation, upward appeal, coalition, and self-presentation with job performance ratings. LMX-affect mediates the relationship between upward influence tactics of upward appeal and coalition with job performance ratings. Gender similarity moderates the relationship between rationality ingratiation, upward appeal, coalition, and self-presentation tactics and LMX-loyalty. Specifically, the relationship between these tactics and job performance ratings are mediated by LMX-loyalty in case of the leader and the follower having the same gender. Additionally, non-linear relationships have been found between the use of coalition and upward appeal tactics and job performance ratings within Saudi culture. These latter findings suggesting non-linear effects for some upward influence tactics propose new avenues for conducting research in the area of influence tactics within differing cultural contexts. Finally, while rational persuasion and ingratiation were the most-used tactics, self-presentation was moderately used in Saudi culture. Assertiveness, upward appeal, coalition, and exchange of benefits were used far less by comparison in Saudi Arabian culture.
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Charrier, Maxime. "Se confronter à bien meilleur que soi peut-il être bénéfique ? : influence de l’intensité de la comparaison ascendante sur l’évaluation de soi et la performance." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20044.

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Cette thèse vise à étudier les effets, bénéfiques ou délétères, de l’intensité de la comparaison ascendante sur l’évaluation de soi et la performance. Dans une série de cinq études, nous avons placé au coeur de nos investigations une controverse relative aux effets d’une comparaison ascendante forte par rapport à une comparaison ascendante modérée.La comparaison ascendante forte se révèle bénéfique à court terme, les participants améliorant leur performance, ce qui n’est pas systématiquement le cas pour une comparaison ascendante modérée (études 1, 2 et 3). En revanche, en ce qui concerne l’évaluation de soi, à l’exception de l’étude 1, une comparaison ascendante forte n’entraîne pas toujours une évaluation de soi inférieure à une comparaison ascendante modérée.Nous avons également cherché à clarifier cette controverse en interrogeant le rôle joué par les attributions causales (Weiner, 1985) dans l’évolution constatée de la performance. En interrogeant les attributions des participants, nous constatons une prévalence des attributions à l’effort (étude 2) ainsi qu’une corrélation positive entre celles-ci et les attentes de réussite (études 3, 4 et 5) dans la condition de comparaison ascendante forte. D’autre part, en manipulant les attributions de la cible de comparaison, il apparaît que les participants exposés à un feedback d’échec et des attributions à l’habileté présentent un niveau d’évaluation de soi plus faible qu’en l’absence de feedback d’échec (étude 4). De surcroît, les attributions à l’effort contribuent au maintien de l’évaluation de soi uniquement en présence de trois cibles en comparaison d’une seule cible (étude 5)
This thesis aims to study the beneficial or deleterious effects of intensity of upward comparison on self-evaluation and performance. In a series of five studies, we have placed at the heart of our investigations a controversy which deals with the effects of a strong upward comparison with regard to a moderate upward comparison.The strong upward comparison is beneficial in the short term, participants improving their performance, which is not always the case for a moderate upward comparison (Studies 1, 2 and 3). In contrast, as regards of self-evaluation, except for Study 1, a strong upward comparison does not always mean a lower self-evaluation than a moderate upward comparison.We also sought to clarify this controversy by questioning the role of causal attributions (Weiner, 1985) in the observed evolution of performance. By measuring participants’ causal attributions, we see a prevalence of effort attributions (Study 2) and a positive correlation between them and expectations of success (studies 3, 4 and 5) in the strong upward comparison condition. Furthermore, by manipulating causal attributions of the comparison target, it appears that participants exposed to a failure feedback and ability attributions have a lower level of self-evaluation than in the absence of feedback of failure (study 4). Moreover, effort attributions contribute to the maintenance of self-evaluation only in the presence of three targets compared to only one target (Study 5)
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Books on the topic "Upward influence"

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Lyles, Marjorie A. Upward influence in joint venture. [Urbana, Ill.]: College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1987.

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Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad., ed. Talking up: Study of upward influence strategies. Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, 2003.

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Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad., ed. An analysis of upward influence strategies using speech act theory and face threatening acts. Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, 2004.

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Lewis, Patricia Ryan. HEAD NURSES: UPWARD AND DOWNWARD INFLUENCE BEHAVIORS AND PERCEPTIONS OF POWER (PERSONAL POWER). 1993.

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Ward, Jeanne Ellen Lauridsen. THE EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL VARIABLES ON THE PERCEIVED UPWARD INFLUENCE OF NURSE EXECUTIVES IN HOSPITALS. 1992.

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Upward Influence Strategies: The Effect of Consistency and Reciprocity Approaches on Supervisory Compliance and Performance Evaluations. Storming Media, 1997.

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Struggling Upward: Worldly Success and the Japanese Novel. Harvard University, Asia Center, 2016.

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Ielpo, Florian. The Economics of Commodities and Commodity Markets. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656010.003.0002.

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This chapter covers the economic fundamentals of commodity markets (i.e., what shapes the evolution of the price of raw materials) in three steps. First, it covers the theories explaining why the futures curve can be upward or downward sloping, an essential element for commodity producing companies. The evolution of inventories and hedging pressures are the two dominant sources of explanation. Second, the chapter reviews the fundamentals of commodity spot prices: technologies, supply, demand, and speculation. Production costs draw the long-term evolution of prices, but demand and supply shocks can trigger substantial variations in commodity prices. Third, the chapter presents how commodity prices interact with the business cycle. Commodities are influenced by the world activity but can also have a material impact on it.
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Lilja, Sven. Climate, History, and Social Change in Sweden and the Baltic Sea Area From About 1700. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.633.

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The growing concern about global warming has turned focus in Sweden and other Baltic countries toward the connection between history and climate. Important steps have been taken in the scientific reconstruction of climatic parables. Historic climate data have been published and analyzed, and various proxy data have been used to reconstruct historic climate curves. The results have revealed an ongoing regional warming from the late 17th to the early 21st century. The development was not continuous, however, but went on in a sequence of warmer and colder phases.Within the fields of history and socially oriented climate research, the industrial revolution has often been seen as a watershed between an older and a younger climate regime. The breakthrough of the industrial society was a major social change with the power to influence climate. Before this turning point, man and society were climate dependent. Weather and short-term climate fluctuations had major impacts on agrarian culture. When the crops failed several years in sequence, starvation and excess mortality followed. As late as 1867–1869, northern Sweden and Finland were struck by starvation due to massive crop failures.Although economic activities in the agricultural sector had climatic effects before the industrial society, when industrialization took off in Sweden in the 1880s it brought an end to the large-scale starvations, but also the start of an economic development that began to affect the atmosphere in a new and broader way. The industrial society, with its population growth and urbanization, created climate effects. Originally, however, the industrial outlets were not seen as problems. In the 18th century, it was thought that agricultural cultivation could improve the climate, and several decades after the industrial take-off there still was no environmental discourse in the Swedish debate. On the contrary, many leading debaters and politicians saw the tall chimneys, cars, and airplanes as hopeful signs in the sky. It was not until the late 1960s that the international environmental discourse reached Sweden. The modern climate debate started to make its imprints as late as the 1990s.During the last two decades, the Swedish temperature curve has unambiguously turned upwards. Thus, parallel to the international debate, the climate issue has entered the political agenda in Sweden and the other Nordic countries. The latest development has created a broad political consensus in favor of ambitious climate goals, and the people have gradually started to adapt their consumption and lifestyles to the new prerequisites.Although historic climate research in Sweden has had a remarkable expansion in the last decades, it still leans too much on its climate change leg. The clear connection between the climate fluctuations during the last 300 years and the major social changes that took place in these centuries needs to be further studied.
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Book chapters on the topic "Upward influence"

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Steizel, Sebastián, and Eva Rimbau-Gilabert. "Upward Influence Tactics in Virtual Work Settings." In Information Systems, E-learning, and Knowledge Management Research, 655–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35879-1_81.

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Ross, Daniel W. "The ‘Upward Waft’: The Influence of Frost and Eliot on Heaney’s Later Phase." In Seamus Heaney, 92–102. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230206267_7.

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Ralston, David A., Robert H. Terpstra, Mary K. Cunniff, and David J. Gustafson. "Do Expatriates Change Their Behavior to Fit a Foreign Culture? A Study of American Expatriates’ Strategies of Upward Influence." In Euro-Asian Management and Business I, 109–22. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-90983-1_9.

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Jarry, Ph, H. Combeau, and G. Lesoult. "Coupled Influence of Convection and Grain-refining on Macrosegregation of 1D Upwardly Solidified Al 4.5%Cu." In Continuous Casting, 233–38. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607331.ch34.

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Anton, John P. "Greek Influence Today." In Upward Panic, 175–80. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315076980-22.

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"The Politics of Upward Influence in Organizations." In Organizational Influence Processes, 451–65. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315290614-36.

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"Upward Impression Management: Goals, Influence Strategies, and Consequences." In Organizational Influence Processes, 482–99. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315290614-38.

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"Upward-Influence Styles: Relationship with Performance Evaluations, Salary, and Stress." In Organizational Influence Processes, 466–81. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315290614-37.

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Sun, Haifa, and Michael Harris Bond. "The Structure of Upward and Downward Tactics of Influence in Chinese Organizations." In Latest Contributions to Cross-Cultural Psychology, 286–99. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077466-22.

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Ayari, Asma. "Ethical Consumerism in Kingdom of Bahrain." In Ethical Consumerism and Comparative Studies Across Different Cultures, 1–9. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0272-3.ch001.

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Today, with the growing number of consumers caring about where products come from, companies need to be at the forefront of this upward trend if they want to maintain their profit. In this chapter the authors presented an overview of ethical consumerism in the kingdom of Bahrain. They also highlighted how societal and cultural shifts have influenced Bahraini consumerism over time. The chapter begins by discussing the debatable origins of ethical consumerism since longtime. Throughout the chapter, there is an emphasis on the importance of the ethical consumerism to achieve sustainability target, with particular attention to how ethical consumerism gives a competitive advantage to the organization. The chapter shows also how organizational transparency is a strategic key to build trust and influence costumers' behavior. The chapter also argues that government support is important to influence ethical consumerism by creating laws and policies.
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Conference papers on the topic "Upward influence"

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Zhou, Tian-hua, Yan He, Xiao-lei Zhu, and Wei-biao Chen. "Influence of sea-air interface on upward laser beam propagation." In ISPDI 2013 - Fifth International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging, edited by Keith E. Wilson, Jing Ma, Liren Liu, Huilin Jiang, and Xizheng Ke. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2033228.

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Li, Songwei, and Hong Zhang. "Bubble Size and Group Influence for CFD Simulation in Vertical Tube Upward Flow." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30081.

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The near-wall bubble congregating in vertical tube upward flow exerts an influence on fluid heat transfer. A 0.5m test section is simulated using CFX10.0 to research the bubble influence on the heat transfer. The vapor-water two-phase CFD calculation is done. The bubbles are added at near wall area, taking no account of the mass transfer between water and vapor. The different bubble max diameter and the different MUSIG model size group get different calculation results, these results are compared, include the distribution of vapor void fraction, the wall temperature distribution and near-wall water temperature distribution, the bubble mean diameter. A guide setting is advised. The calculation result shows that the max bubble diameter and the MUSIG size group on the vapor void fraction distribution is large. The near-wall void fraction gets down to the least (nearly zero, while at the inlet, near wall vapor fraction is 0.95) at 0.1m∼0.14m axis height, then rises. The wall temperature gets highest at the same height, and then appears a flat, keeping this temperature about 0.1m long, after that the temperature gets down, then rises along the axis.
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Zhou, Helin, Gerhard Diendorfer, Rajeev Thottappillil, Hannes Pichler, and Martin Mair. "The influence of meteorological conditions on upward lightning initiation at the Gaisberg Tower." In 2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iclp.2014.6973303.

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Yang, Ying, and Zhuo Chen. "The Research on Upward Influence Tactics in Organization under the Chinese Cultural Background." In 2016 1st International Symposium on Business Cooperation and Development. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isbcd-16.2016.63.

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Brutin, David, and Loune`s Tadrist. "Gravity Influence of Convective Boiling Stability in a Minichannel." In ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2005-75010.

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We previously evidenced the influence of confinement and inlet conditions on convective boiling stability in a minichannel. The experiments were realized based on an upward n-pentane two-phase flow. Here, we present results of convective boiling in a minichannel for several minichannel orientations which can be modified from the horizontal (heating surface on the top) through the vertical (previous situation already studied of upward flow) to the horizontal (heating surface on the bottom). We present the results obtained for the same heat flux provided to the minichannel (QW = 92 kW.m−2), the same range of inlet mass velocity (73 to 2300 Kg.m−2.s−1) for 5 different minichannel’s orientations: −90°, −45°, 0°, 45° and +90°. The consequences on the minichannel total pressure drop, fluid-wall temperature, and two-phase flow stability are discussed.
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Razlan, Zuradzman Mohamad, Ryota Isobe, Yasuhiro Mizuno, Hiroaki Goshima, Masafumi Hirota, Naoki Maruyama, and Akira Nishimura. "Gas-Liquid Distributions in Upward Multi-Pass Channels of Compact Evaporator." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22588.

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The gas-liquid flow distributions in multi-pass upward parallel channels that simulate the evaporator for the automobile air-conditioning system were examined experimentally. Attention was directed to the influences of the backpressure condition at the branch outlets and of the flow-inlet condition at the header entrance on the gas-liquid distributions to the branches. Experiments were conducted in an isothermal air-water flow system. The influence of the backpressure condition on the flow distributions changed depending on the flow-inlet condition. In the stratified-flow inlet, the backpressure condition was highly influential in both the air and water distributions, and the uniform water distribution that was ideal for the evaporators could not be achieved even if air was distributed uniformly to all branches. In the mist-flow inlet, the water distribution was insensitive to the backpressure conditions and its uniformity was improved in comparison with that in the stratified-flow inlet.
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Wang, Xi, Jinliang He, Zhanqing Yu, Rong Zeng, and Xiaoli Shen. "Influence of ground wire protection angle on upward leader from 110–1000 kV AC lines." In 2014 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iclp.2014.6973294.

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Fan, Yanhui, and Zhen Dong. "Influence Law of Upward Throw and Lateral Deviation Distances for Struck Pedestrian on Vehicle Body Surface." In 2010 Second International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation (ICCMS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccms.2010.247.

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Honggeng Zhu, Wei Zhou, and Rentian Zhang. "Influence of the bottom slab upward angle of elbow-type suction box on pumping system performance." In 2014 ISFMFE - 6th International Symposium on Fluid Machinery and Fluid Engineering. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1252.

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10

Lins, Erb, Gianfranco Stieven, Daniele Soares, and EDILMA OLIVEIRA. "Influence of Convection on the Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient in Upward Solidification of Hypoeutectic Al-Si Alloys." In 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2017.cob17-5321.

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Reports on the topic "Upward influence"

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Payment Systems Report - June of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2020.

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Abstract:
With its annual Payment Systems Report, Banco de la República offers a complete overview of the infrastructure of Colombia’s financial market. Each edition of the report has four objectives: 1) to publicize a consolidated account of how the figures for payment infrastructures have evolved with respect to both financial assets and goods and services; 2) to summarize the issues that are being debated internationally and are of interest to the industry that provides payment clearing and settlement services; 3) to offer the public an explanation of the ideas and concepts behind retail-value payment processes and the trends in retail payments within the circuit of individuals and companies; and 4) to familiarize the public, the industry, and all other financial authorities with the methodological progress that has been achieved through applied research to analyze the stability of payment systems. This edition introduces changes that have been made in the structure of the report, which are intended to make it easier and more enjoyable to read. The initial sections in this edition, which is the eleventh, contain an analysis of the statistics on the evolution and performance of financial market infrastructures. These are understood as multilateral systems wherein the participating entities clear, settle and register payments, securities, derivatives and other financial assets. The large-value payment system (CUD) saw less momentum in 2019 than it did the year before, mainly because of a decline in the amount of secondary market operations for government bonds, both in cash and sell/buy-backs, which was offset by an increase in operations with collective investment funds (CIFs) and Banco de la República’s operations to increase the money supply (repos). Consequently, the Central Securities Depository (DCV) registered less activity, due to fewer negotiations on the secondary market for public debt. This trend was also observed in the private debt market, as evidenced by the decline in the average amounts cleared and settled through the Central Securities Depository of Colombia (Deceval) and in the value of operations with financial derivatives cleared and settled through the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC). Section three offers a comprehensive look at the market for retail-value payments; that is, transactions made by individuals and companies. During 2019, electronic transfers increased, and payments made with debit and credit cards continued to trend upward. In contrast, payments by check continued to decline, although the average daily value was almost four times the value of debit and credit card purchases. The same section contains the results of the fourth survey on how the use of retail-value payment instruments (for usual payments) is perceived. Conducted at the end of 2019, the main purpose of the survey was to identify the availability of these payment instruments, the public’s preferences for them, and their acceptance by merchants. It is worth noting that cash continues to be the instrument most used by the population for usual monthly payments (88.1% with respect to the number of payments and 87.4% in value). However, its use in terms of value has declined, having registered 89.6% in the 2017 survey. In turn, the level of acceptance by merchants of payment instruments other than cash is 14.1% for debit cards, 13.4% for credit cards, 8.2% for electronic transfers of funds and 1.8% for checks. The main reason for the use of cash is the absence of point-of-sale terminals at commercial establishments. Considering that the retail-payment market worldwide is influenced by constant innovation in payment services, by the modernization of clearing and settlement systems, and by the efforts of regulators to redefine the payment industry for the future, these trends are addressed in the fourth section of the report. There is an account of how innovations in technology-based financial payment services have developed, and it shows that while this topic is not new, it has evolved, particularly in terms of origin and vocation. One of the boxes that accompanies the fourth section deals with certain payment aspects of open banking and international experience in that regard, which has given the customers of a financial entity sovereignty over their data, allowing them, under transparent and secure conditions, to authorize a third party, other than their financial entity, to request information on their accounts with financial entities, thus enabling the third party to offer various financial services or initiate payments. Innovation also has sparked interest among international organizations, central banks, and research groups concerning the creation of digital currencies. Accordingly, the last box deals with the recent international debate on issuance of central bank digital currencies. In terms of the methodological progress that has been made, it is important to underscore the work that has been done on the role of central counterparties (CCPs) in mitigating liquidity and counterparty risk. The fifth section of the report offers an explanation of a document in which the work of CCPs in financial markets is analyzed and corroborated through an exercise that was built around the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC) in the Colombian market for non-delivery peso-dollar forward exchange transactions, using the methodology of network topology. The results provide empirical support for the different theoretical models developed to study the effect of CCPs on financial markets. Finally, the results of research using artificial intelligence with information from the large-value payment system are presented. Based on the payments made among financial institutions in the large-value payment system, a methodology is used to compare different payment networks, as well as to determine which ones can be considered abnormal. The methodology shows signs that indicate when a network moves away from its historical trend, so it can be studied and monitored. A methodology similar to the one applied to classify images is used to make this comparison, the idea being to extract the main characteristics of the networks and use them as a parameter for comparison. Juan José Echavarría Governor
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