Relevant bibliographies by topics / Upstream work

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Upstream work'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Upstream work"

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Sage, William M., and Kelley McIlhattan. "Upstream Health Law." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 42, no. 4 (2014): 535–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12174.

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Medicine and health are surprisingly separate. In the introduction to his 1963 master work on medical economics, Kenneth Arrow acknowledged that “the subject is the medical-care industry, not health.” In the 50 years that followed, researchers, policymakers, and public health professionals generated valuable and varied insights into health, impacting both behaviors and environments while addressing social determinants and demographic trends. Yet medical care has followed an even steeper upward trajectory, growing rapidly in scientific precision, public esteem, and technical sophistication. As a result, the economic gap between the two domains has widened. The U.S. health care system spends almost $3 trillion annually. Preventive screening and early intervention bridge medical care and health, as do nutrition, behavioral health, aging, and a few other fields. But the money is overwhelmingly in medical care, particularly rescue care for those with acute illnesses or serious (and typically preventable) complications of chronic disease.
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Ullman, Gerald L. "Queuing and Natural Diversion at Short-Term Freeway Work Zone Lane Closures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1529, no. 1 (January 1996): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152900103.

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Research conducted to explore the effects of natural diversion on traffic conditions and travel patterns upstream of temporary work zone lane closures on high-volume urban freeways in Texas is described. Specific objectives were to explore how natural diversion affects traffic volumes at the exit and entrance ramps upstream of the lane closures and the interrelationships between the freeway and frontage road operating conditions that develop at a closure and the amount of natural diversion that occurs. The field studies showed that the rate of queue growth upstream of the short-term lane closures diminished significantly after the first hour at each site. Eventually, the queues approached a balanced state in which the upstream end of the queue became almost stationary. This stabilization was due to significant reductions in entrance ramp volumes both upstream of the freeway queue and within the limits of queuing, as well as to changes in exit ramp volumes within the queue. As a result of these ramp volume changes the constrained flow rate within the queue increased as a function of the distance upstream of the actual lane closure. Using the theory of shock waves in a traffic stream it was shown that the changes in ramp volumes and resulting impact on constrained freeway flow rates within the queue were consistent with the queue stabilization process observed at each site.
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Loomis, D. "Long work hours and occupational injuries: new evidence on upstream causes." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 62, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2005.021014.

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Reed, Sarah, Ethan J. Evans, and Nancy Hooyman. "Social Work: Leading the Move Upstream to Improve the Nation’s Health." Health & Social Work 45, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hsw/hlaa006.

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Bianchini, Sebastian, Alejandro Lage, Theo Siu, Troy Shinbrot, and Ernesto Altshuler. "Upstream contamination by floating particles." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 469, no. 2157 (September 8, 2013): 20130067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0067.

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It has been known at least since the work of Reynolds and Marangoni in the 1880s that floating particulates strongly affect water surface behaviour, and research involving particle–fluid interactions continues in modern applications ranging from microfluidics and cellular morphogenesis to colloidal dynamics and self-assembly. Here, we report and analyse an unexpected result from a simple experiment: clean water is discharged along an inclined channel into a lower container contaminated with floating particles. Surprisingly, the floating particles are transported both up a waterfall as long as 1 cm, and upstream in channels to lengths of at least several metres. We confirm through experiments and simulations that this upstream contamination is paradoxically driven by the downstream flow of clean water, which establishes a surface tension gradient that sustains the particulate motion. We also show that contamination may occur in practical applications, such as the discharge of a standard pipette or simulated release of waste into larger scale channels.
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Harris, Patrick, Fiona Haigh, Peter Sainsbury, and Marilyn Wise. "Influencing land use planning: making the most of opportunities to work upstream." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 36, no. 1 (February 2012): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2012.00822.x.

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Sone, Yuji. "Hiroshi Ishiguro: Android science and 'upstream engagement'." Journal of Science & Popular Culture 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jspc_00010_1.

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Abstract This article discusses Hiroshi Ishiguro, a Japanese celebrity roboticist internationally acclaimed for his creation of androids. While his anthropomorphic machines are intended as models for future human-like robots, participating in work and domestic contexts, Ishiguro also regards them as experimental tools for investigations into questions of human identity. Beyond engineering challenges, he is not afraid to ask philosophical questions, such as 'what is the human?' Ishiguro has even had facial plastic surgery to match the appearance of his robot double, Geminoid HI-1. He has been described as the bad boy of Japanese robotics, an eccentric genius who is recognized as such in Japan, and overseas. While Ishiguro conducts scientific experiments, he has also deployed his anthropomorphic robots in popular entertainment contexts such as film, television, theatre and in museum exhibitions. Although Ishiguro's androids have almost always been included in mainstream western journalism's coverage concerning the development of next-generation robots in Japan, his anthropomorphic machines are often shown along with a photo of Ishiguro in his trademark black clothing, and described as 'freaky' and 'creepy'. I argue that Ishiguro's presentation feeds the western fascination with Japanese robot technology. This article examines the relationship between Ishiguro's larger-than-life public persona and his philosophy concerning his work as a kind of storytelling and upstream engagement in the context of robotic science.
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Shaaban, Khaled, Muhammad Asif Khan, and Ridha Hamila. "Effect of Distance between Ramp and Upstream Signal on Ramp Meter Operation." International Journal of Traffic and Transportation Management 02, no. 02 (October 10, 2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/jttm.02.02.006.

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Ramp metering is typically proposed as a responsive strategy that takes freeway traffic parameters as control inputs to the ramp control logic. Such a strategy can be implemented in two ways; isolated ramp control or coordinated ramp control. Coordinated ramp control typically involves the cooperation between several ramp meters connected to a freeway segment to manage traffic on the freeway and traffic all ramps. Few studies also proposed the coordination between the on-ramp and the upstream traffic signal. Such coordination can help to mitigate congestion on the freeway and to avoid queue formation at the on-ramp. In this study, the authors' previous work on ramp metering and upstream signal coordination was extended to further evaluate the performance of such schemes by considering the impact of the distance between the upstream traffic signal and freeway. Extensive simulations in SUMO were performed to evaluate the benefit of the proposed coordinated strategy and the impact of ramp distance on the effectiveness of such coordination.
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Mekker, Michelle M., Stephen M. Remias, Wayne A. Bunnell, Drake W. Krohn, Edward D. Cox, and Darcy M. Bullock. "Variable Speed Limit Study Upstream of an Indiana Work Zone with Vehicle Matching." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2555, no. 1 (January 2016): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2555-07.

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Wang, Chunyan, Karen K. Dixon, and David Jared. "Evaluating Speed-Reduction Strategies for Highway Work Zones." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1824, no. 1 (January 2003): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1824-06.

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Research was conducted to identify the potential of fluorescent orange sheeting, innovative message signs, and changeable message signs with radar for reducing speeds in highway work zones. The study investigated the effect of each strategy immediately after implementation (immediate effect) as well as several weeks after implementation (novelty effect). In addition to the overall effect of each strategy on all vehicles, the study included the effect on specific vehicle types during various lighting conditions. The researchers collected traffic data before, immediately after, and 2 or 3 weeks after implementation of each strategy (3 consecutive weeks for the changeable message sign). They collected data upstream of the temporary traffic-control zone, in the advancewarning area, and adjacent to the active work area. The researchers used various statistical tests to evaluate the significance of speed changes from phase to phase and adjusted vehicle speeds with the upstream speed changes over time. The study indicated that fluorescent orange sheeting and innovative message signs help reduce speeds at highway work zones (with diminished influence over time). Moreover, both strategies influence vehicle speeds more during the day than at night. Drivers of passenger vehicles tended to decrease their speeds more than did truck drivers. Changeable message signs with radar significantly reduced the vehicle speeds in the immediate vicinity of the sign and did not demonstrate a novelty effect.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Upstream work"

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Keith, Karin, Renee Rice Moran, Huili Hong, and LaShay Jennings. "Reading UPSTREAM." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1007.

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Hansen, Lovisa. "PFAS-föroreningar i råvatten. : En studie uppströms Borgs vattenverk." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176668.

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Poly- och perfluorerade alkylsubstanser (PFAS) är syntetiskt tillverkade kemikalier som omfattar cirka 4700 individuella ämnen. PFAS har använts sedan 1950-talet i ett antal applikationer som brandsläckningsskum, impregneringsmedel samt textilier, på grund av sina unika egenskaper att vara både vattenlöslig (hydrofila) och vattenavstötande (hydrofoba). Dessa egenskaper gör att göra att PFAS kan transporteras långa vägar. Dessutom är ämnets kol-fluorbindning en av det starkaste kemiska bindningar som gör dem mycket stabila och därför svårnedbrytbara i miljön. Många PFAS misstänkts vara skadliga och kan ansamlas i både djur och människor. Ett antal PFAS har visat sig ge negativa effekter på reproduktion, immunsystem, sköldkörtelhormoner och levern vid djurförsök. Vissa tas lättare upp av kroppen men det är oklart vilken påverkan exakt alla 4700 PFAS-ämnen har. Dessa potentiellt skadliga föroreningar upptäcks på flera ställen i Sverige och har redan resulterat i allvarliga problem för dricksvattenförsörjningen. Dagens reningsmetoder avlägsnar inte PFAS och i kombination med toxiska egenskaper och hög bioackumuleringspotential kan det bli farligt för både människor och miljö. Därför regleras summan av 11 PFAS-ämnen (summa-11) med en åtgärdsgräns på 90 ng/L för vattenverk i Sverige. Vissa vattenverk har tvingats sättas ur bruk på grund av för höga PFAS-koncentrationer i producerat dricksvatten. Kunskapen om källor till PFAS är fortfarande låg men utredning av flera potentiella källor pågår.  I detta arbete har ett antal PFAS-ämnen analyserats uppströms Glan, den sjö i Norrköping kommun som försörjer över 90 % av invånarna med dricksvatten. Syftet är att kartlägga och karaktärisera PFAS i Norrköpings råvattentäkt Glan med tillflöden för att få en ökad förståelse för potentiell påverkan på dricksvattenproduktion. Kartläggningen skedde genom provtagningar uppströms Borgs råvattenintag. Det samlades också in data från andra aktörer längre uppströms i vattensystemet längs Motala Ström, Stångån samt även i Glan. Provtagning skedde också vid Bråvalla som är ett sedan tidigare välkänt förorenat område i direkt anslutning till Glan. All data analyserades sedan med ett Kruskal-Wallis test. Studien visar 1) av 21 analyserade PFAS-ämnen detekterades PFHxS, PFOS, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA och PFBA i flest provpunkter 2) Både PFOS och PFOA hade högst koncentration i Motala ström av de tillflöden till Glan som undersökts 3) PFBA, visade högst koncentration i andra tillflöden än Motala Ström, Hällestaån, Ysundaviken, till Glan med okänd källa 4) Av alla inflöden till Glan uppmättes högst halter av summa-11 i Motala ström som också utgör det största tillflödet till Glan 5) Våtmarken vid Bråvalla är en potentiell PFAS-källa till Glan då koncentrationen i dessa provpunkter är mycket höga i jämförelse med övriga provpunkter. Däremot indikerar inte resultaten på att Bråvalla är en källa i dagsläget men kan bidra till framtida komplikationer för Borgs råvattentäkt pga. klimatförändringar.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetically manufactured chemicals comprising about 4700 individual substances. PFAS has been used since the 1950s in a number of applications such as firefighting foam, impregnating agents and textiles, due to its unique properties of being both water-soluble (hydrophilic) and water-repellent (hydrophobic). These properties allow PFAS to be transported long distances. In addition, the substance's carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest chemical bonds that makes them very stable and therefore difficult to degrade in the environment. Many PFASs are suspected to be harmful and can accumulate in both animals and humans. A number of PFASs have been shown to have adverse effects on reproduction, immune systems, thyroid hormones and the liver in animal experiments. Some are more easily absorbed by the body, but it is unclear what effect exactly all 4700 PFAS substances have. These potentially harmful pollutants are discovered in several places in Sweden and have already resulted in serious problems for the drinking water supply. Today's purification methods do not remove PFAS and in combination with toxic properties and high bioaccumulation potential, it can be dangerous for both humans and the environment. Therefore, the sum of 11 PFAS substances (summa-11) is regulated with a limit value of 90 ng/L for waterworks in Sweden. Some waterworks have been forced out of service due to too high PFAS concentrations in produced drinking water. Knowledge of sources for PFAS is still low, but investigation of several potential sources is ongoing. In this study, a number of PFAS substances have been analyzed upstream of Glan, the lake in Norrköping municipality that supplies more than 90% of the inhabitants with drinking water. The aim is to map and characterize PFAS in Norrköping's water catchment Glan with inflows to gain an increased understanding of the potential impact on drinking water production. The mapping took place through sampling upstream of Borg's raw water intake. Data were also collected from other actors further upstream in the water system along Motala Ström, Stångån and also in Glan. Sampling also took place at Bråvalla, which is a previously well-known polluted area in direct connection to Glan. All data were then analyzed with a Kruskal-Wallis test. The study shows 1) of 22 analyzed PFAS substances, PFHxS, PFOS, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA and PFBA were detected in most test points 2) Both PFOS and PFOA had the highest concentration in Motala stream of all the inflows examined to Glan 3) PFBA showed the highest concentration in inflows other than Motala stream, Hällestaån, Ysundaviken, to Glan with unknown source 4) Of all inflows to Glan, the highest levels of summa-11 were measured in Motala stream which also constitutes the largest inflow to Glan 5) The wetland at Bråvalla is a potential PFAS source of Glan as the concentration in these test points is very high compared to other test points. However, the results do not indicate that Bråvalla is a source at present, but may contribute to future complications for Borg's raw water source due to climate change.
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Kao, Tzu-Chien, and 高子健. "The Effect of Work-in-process Mix on the Efficiency and the Integration of Upstream and Downstream Scheduling." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78564183281220339409.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
工業工程學研究所
100
Machine capability matrix can be used to express the differences in capability between parallel machines. When the WIP arrival mix does not match the machine capability matrix, the workload of parallel machines cannot be balanced. Thus, the throughput of the shop composed of parallel machines is constrained. This research proposes WIP allocation method which can conjecture the optimal WIP allocation likelihood. However, there’s limit that the balanced workload cannot be reached. This method can help to derive the WIP mix preferred by the machine capability matrix. 　　Belonging to different processes, shops have difference in machine capability matrix. The WIP arrival mix downstream shop faced with are what upstream shop scheduled to process. If the WIP mix that upstream shop scheduled does not match the machine capability matrix of downstream shop, the throughput is constrained by the schedule of upstream shop. Thus, the throughput in upstream shop is higher than that in downstream shop. This research points out the problem and proposes an integration method on upstream and downstream scheduling. It can help to find the way to improve the throughput of downstream shop. The downstream shop can select the improving policy to request the upstream shop to change the scheduled WIP mix. We performed an experiment by considering only the stochastic processes of WIP Arrivals. The results indicate that the throughput of upstream shop is higher than that in downstream shop before using the improving policy. It also shows that the throughput of upstream shop may be decreased slightly by using improving policy. However, the throughput of downstream shop may be increased significantly. Thus, this method can mitigate the imbalanced throughput between upstream and downstream shop.
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Books on the topic "Upstream work"

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Upstream: Fly fishing in the American West. New York: Aperture, 2000.

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Swimming upstream: Parenting girls for resilience in a toxic culture. 2016.

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Mebazaa, Alexandre, and Mervyn Singer. Pathophysiology and causes of cardiac failure. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0151.

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Organ congestion upstream of the dysfunctional left and/or right ventricle, with preserved stroke volume, is the most frequkeywordent feature of myocardial failure.Clinical manifestations do not necessarily correlate with the degree of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (i.e. left ventricular ejection fraction).Systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction may be present, with systolic dysfunction usually predominating.Pulmonary oedema is related to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Compensatory mechanisms (within the heart and/or periphery) may prove paradoxically disadvantageous on ventricular stroke work and stroke volume.
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Pleasant, Andrew, and Jennifer Cabe. Health Literacy and Cultural Competence in Integrative Preventive Health and Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190241254.003.0003.

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As the United States and the world continue to experience unsustainable growth in the rates of chronic disease and rising healthcare costs, most urgently needed are upstream solutions—far before the point of people needing and seeking medical treatment. What is required to address this untenable situation is a shift in the underlying premises of the health and medical philosophies and infrastructure. This chapter will propose that an evidence-based solution lies in a convergence between an integrative approach to health and medicine and health literacy. That convergence inherently embraces cultural competency and leads health systems, healthcare professionals, and the people they serve to work together as a newly integrated whole that is greater than the sum of the parts.
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Davis, George C., and Elena L. Serrano. Horizontally and Vertically Related Competitive Markets. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199379118.003.0015.

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Chapter 15 demonstrates how markets may be interrelated. The chapter defines horizontally and vertically related markets and provides the steps to follow in analyzing those markets. The chapter demonstrates and discuss the implications a horizontally related market analysis would have for measuring the effect of a sugar sweetened beverage tax as has been found in the literature. The chapter then works through a hypothetical example of an increase in supply in an input market (the upstream market) and how this affects the output market (the downstream market) that is vertically related to the input market. This analysis is discussed in the context of research on the effects of US farm policy on corn prices and therefore the effects on downstream food markets and ultimately the contribution such policies make toward the obesity epidemic.
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Book chapters on the topic "Upstream work"

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MacEachen, Ellen. "Understanding Work Disability Systems and Intervening Upstream." In Handbook of Work Disability, 217–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6214-9_14.

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Cross, Ruth, Simon Rowlands, and Sally Foster. "The foundations of health promotion." In Health promotion: global principles and practice, 1–40. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245332.0001.

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Abstract This book chapter seeks to: (i) explore concepts of 'health' held by lay people and health promoters; (ii) introduce recent work on the social determinants of health; (iii) introduce certain threshold concepts including salutogenesis, social models of health and upstream thinking; (iv) establish the value base of health promotion; (v) introduce the disciplinary foundations of health promotion; (vi) outline in more detail 'empowerment' as a key value in health promotion; and (vii) describe the key WHO conferences, which provide the milestones in the development of health promotion. This chapter has provided a foundation upon which to base further study; it has presented the key values and principles of health promotion; emphasized the need to tackle the social determinants of health; presented a history of health promotion's development through the WHO-led conferences; introduced some threshold concepts; introduced the disciplines that contribute to health promotion; outlined professional and lay concepts of health; and suggested that empowerment approaches are the essence of health promotion.
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Ahmed, Sara. "SEWA: Campaigning for Water, Women and Work." In Flowing Upstream, 93–122. Foundation Books, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/upo9788175968776.005.

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"An Introduction to the Cognitive Work of Psychotherapy." In Swimming Upstream, 95–105. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203727348-12.

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Khandkar, Arundhati C., and Ashok C. Khandkar. "Coming of Age." In Swimming Upstream, 1–32. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199495153.003.0001.

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Laxmanshastri was born in 1901 and spent the first years living a very traditional life in the small town of Wāi, where society was ordered by caste-based hierarchy handed down from generation to generation over two millennia. His transformation into a Sanskritist and Vedic scholar began when he entered Prādnapāthshālā, a gurukul noted for traditional learning and weaving current political events in the curriculum. In this milieu, inspired by his guru and Lokmanya Tilak, Laxmanshastri developed an abiding commitment to social and religious reforms. Encouraged to learn English by Vinoba Bhave, with whom he developed a friendship, he became keenly aware of the groundswell for swarāj, or freedom from the British. From an early stage he had developed a sense that simply embracing Untouchables was not action enough. It was equally important to speak out and actively work against untouchability. Drawing on Buddha’s public discourses, he began campaigning for removing untouchability.
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Garmezy, Lisa Berg. "Swimming Upstream." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies, 16–31. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9803-9.ch002.

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First responders maintain strong marriages in spite of the potential negative impact of multiple stressors including schedule conflicts, financial strain, and the threat of illness, disability, and death. Patterns of thought and behavior that are beneficial at work, such as vigilance, rapidly establishing control, and shutting off emotional responding cause problems at home, particularly when intensified by trauma. Excessive belief in a partner's heroism and the choice by some responders of dependent romantic partners cause other problems, as does the sometimes culturally sanctioned practice of coping through alcohol use or sexual encounters. Shifts in perspective that reframe common concerns more positively are offered. Departments are encouraged to increase efforts to support spouses and marriages, given the importance of close relationships to health.
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Farrar, Jeremy. "Research in the developed world (a view from the Wellcome Trust)." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by John D. Firth, Christopher P. Conlon, and Timothy M. Cox, 177–80. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0023.

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The entire health system seeks to prevent disease, or diagnose and intervene effectively to limit its impact. The goal of most funders of medically related research in the developed world is to support research that is upstream of that which is relevant and attractive to health providers or pharmaceutical companies, and to work synergistically in the health research ecosystem with these and other complementary organizations when appropriate. It is often impossible to predict which advances in basic science will lead to breakthroughs, but if this upstream work is not done, then in the mid and long term, the flow of medical advances will dry up.
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Long, Peter, and Brittany Imwalle. "Going Way Upstream: How One Foundation Redefined Its Work to Improve Population Health." In The Practical Playbook II, edited by J. Lloyd Michener, Brian C. Castrucci, Don W. Bradley, Edward L. Hunter, Craig W. Thomas, Catherine Patterson, and Elizabeth Corcoran, 301–14. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190936013.003.0032.

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This chapter presents a case study from the Blue Shield of California Foundation (BSCF) which in 2016 achieved considerable success in its work to expand access to high-quality health care and to end domestic violence in California. The case of BSCF demonstrates how to integrate disparate health care services, such as primary care and specialty care, and behavioral health and primary care, to improve access and quality while potentially lowering costs. BSCF created networks of established leaders within the health care and domestic violence safety nets in California and influenced safety net systems in California to think and act differently. However, despite these notable successes, BSCF struggled to sustain, scale, and spread these innovations to other organizations and systems or to embed them into policy changes. The chapter analyses why.
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Guldemond, Ewoud. "Collaborative Work Environments in Smart Oil Fields." In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage, 59–75. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2002-5.ch004.

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In the last decade, oil companies are increasingly viewing collaborative work environments as an important component of their smart oil fields programs. Collaborative work environments (CWEs) have been implemented by several major oil companies, to support the use of technology in smart oil fields. The implementation of these collaborative work environments is not without problems. After major oil companies successfully implemented the hardware, tools and applications in CWEs, organizational design challenges remained unsolved. The biggest challenge is to change behavior of staff and to effectively integrate people across disciplinary boundaries. This chapter emphasizes the importance of the organizational aspect of CWEs in smart oil fields. The objective of this chapter is to provide the upstream petroleum industry with guidelines for the organizational design of the collaborative work environments, in support of the operation of smart oil fields. In order to provide the organizational design guidelines, a PhD research was conducted at three different operating units of a major oil company. This research focused on the business processes, organizational structure, and competencies of staff in the CWEs.
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Casey, B., M. Long, and T. Fitzgibbon. "River Shannon Hydro-Electric Scheme: Fort Henry Embankment: Upstream Slope Failure and Remedial Work." In Reservoirs in a Changing World, 314–23. Thomas Telford Publishing, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/riacw.31395.0025.

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Conference papers on the topic "Upstream work"

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McTeer, Jennifer, Jenny Morris, Stephen Wickham, Matthew Buckley, Elizabeth Kay, and Ciara Walsh. "Upstream Optioneering: Optimising Higher Activity Waste Management." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96329.

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The Upstream Optioneering project was created by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) Radioactive Waste Management Directorate (RWMD) to support the development and implementation of opportunities to optimise the management of UK higher activity waste, spent fuel and other materials that may be disposed of in a geological disposal facility. The project works in an integrative manner with the NDA, RWMD and waste producers, and was split into three phases: • In Phase 1 waste management opportunities were identified and collated from across the NDA estate. • In Phase 2, opportunities collated during Phase 1, were further consolidated, analysed and prioritised to develop a three year work programme. Prioritisation ensured that resources were deployed appropriately and opportunities can be realised before the potential benefit diminishes. • Phase 3, which began in April 2012, comprises a three year work programme to address the prioritised opportunities. Work varies from direct implementation of opportunities to scoping studies that may pave the way for more detailed subsequent work by Site Licence Companies. The work programme is flexible and, subject to change control, varies depending on the needs of project sponsors (RWMD, NDA Strategy and NDA Delivery). This paper provides an overview of the Upstream Optioneering project (focusing particularly on Phases 2 and 3), summarises work carried out to date within the three year work programme, and provides some examples of the main findings concerning specific opportunities from Year One of the Phase 3 work programme.
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Sheremetov, Leonid, Ildar Batyrshin, Manuel Chi, Eduardo Vergara, and Arturo Rosales. "Knowledge-based Collaborative Engineering of Pipe Networks in the Upstream and Downstream Petroleum Industry." In 2007 11th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2007.4281479.

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Nolan, S. P. R., B. B. Botros, C. S. Tan, J. J. Adamczyk, E. M. Greitzer, and S. E. Gorrell. "Effects of Upstream Wake Phasing on Transonic Axial Compressor Performance." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59556.

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The effect on rotor work, of the phase of an upstream wake relative to the rotor, is examined computationally and analytically for a transonic blade row. There can be an important impact on time-mean performance when the time-dependent circulation of the shed vortices in the wake is phase-locked to the rotor position, as occurs when there is strong interaction between rotor static pressure field and upstream vanes. The rotor work is found to depend on the path of the wake vortices as they travel through the blade passage; for configurations examined, the calculated change in time-mean rotor work was approximately three percent. It is shown that the effect on work input can be analyzed in terms of the influence of the time-mean relative stagnation pressure nonuniformity associated with the unsteady (but phase-locked) wake vortex flow field, in that changes in vortex path alter the location of the nonuniformity relative to the rotor. Lower pressure rise and work input occurs when the rotor blade is embedded in a region of low time-mean relative stagnation pressure than when immersed in a region of high relative stagnation pressure. In addition to the work changes, which are an essentially two-dimensional effect, it is demonstrated that the location of the wake may affect the tip clearance flow, implying a potential impact on pressure rise capability and rotor stability limits. Model calculations are presented to give estimates of the magnitude and nature of this phenomenon.
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Marx, Martin, Martin Lipfert, Martin G. Rose, Stephan Staudacher, and Detlef Korte. "Unsteady Work Processes Within a Low Pressure Turbine Vane Passage." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94234.

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A two-stage low pressure turbine is tested within the co-operation project between the Institute of Aircraft Propulsion Systems (ILA) and MTU Aero Engines GmbH. With experimental data taken in the altitude test facility this study aims to analyze the origin and effect of unsteady pressure fluctuations causing unsteady work in the second stator vane. Measurements at aerodynamic design conditions cover steady and unsteady surface pressure data on the mid span streamline position. Unsteady pressure fluctuations are identified close to the throat plane area, which are influenced by both upstream and downstream events such as wake and potential field interaction. Upstream moving static pressure waves can be identified. To support the experimental results, URANS CFD predictions of the whole turbine configuration were performed. The numerical approach is suitable to reproduce the observed phenomena and allows a deeper investigation. The observed pressure pulsations influence the local unsteady work done to and by the fluid. An evaluation of particle paths in the second stator vane indicates an isentropic energy transfer from free stream to wake fluid. Due to this unsteady energy exchange the momentum deficit of the wake gets reduced, resulting in a potential benefit on the mixing loss.
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Halder, Paresh, and Abdus Samad. "Enhancement of Film Cooling Effectiveness Using Upstream Ramp." In ASME 2012 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2012-9672.

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Film cooling is widely used in high-performance gas turbines to reduce surface heat flux and placing a ramp at the upstream of film cooling hole improves film cooling effectiveness. In this work, RANS based numerical simulations were carried out for a flat surface having two rows of injection holes and an upstream ramp. The parameters which were considered in this computation were different blowing ratios (M = 0.6, 1.0 and 1.6) and upstream ramp angles (α = 14° to 24°). Surface effectiveness was increased with increase in angle of upstream ramp and blowing ratio but further increasing these parameters decreased the effectiveness. The downstream of the second row hole effectiveness was more than that of the upstream hole for high blowing ratios in case of without ramp.
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Xiaojie, Zhang, Wang Yanrong, Han Le, Zhao Jiazhe, and Luo Yanbin. "Influence of Upstream and Downstream Stator Blades on the Rotor Blade Flutter Characteristics." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85353.

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One of the important issues in turbomachinery flutter analysis is the intra-row interaction effects. The present work is aimed at a systematic research of the adjacent rows effects on aerodynamic damping. Three models, the isolated rotor, the IGV-rotor and the rotor-stator model, are performed to identify the upstream and downstream stator effects on the rotor blade. It is found that the aerodynamic damping from the stage flutter simulations are quite different from that from isolated rotor. In addition, the mixing-plane method is also applied to calculate the stage flutter characteristics and its accuracy of flutter predictions is compared with the time-marching method. It is indicated that the main difference of aerowork density between MP and TM is in the tip area, and in some cases the result from MP method can be misleading. Furthermore, study with different axial gaps illustrates that there is a nonmonotonic relationship between the rotor blade aerodynamic damping and the gap in the rotor-stator model, while the rotor blade aerodynamic damping monotonically increases with the gap in the IGV-rotor model.
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Moid, Farrukh, and Abdulrahman Mohammad Nutaifi. "Critical Elements in Delivering Expedited Upstream Field Development Project: Gated Phase Approach, Team Work, Synergy, Open Communication, Quick Data Analysis and Fast Decision Making." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. Offshore Technology Conference, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/30217-ms.

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de la Rosa Blanco, Elena, H. P. Hodson, and R. Va´zquez. "Effects of Upstream Platform Geometry on the Endwall Flows of a Turbine Cascade." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68938.

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This paper describes the effect that the endwall geometry has on the endwall flows in the vicinity of the blade platform in a low-pressure turbine. The aim of this work is to assess the effect on blade performance of a step in hub diameter just ahead of the blade row. The blade profile under consideration is of high aspect ratio and characterized by a large pressure surface separation bubble. The tests are conducted on a linear cascade and the experimental results are supported by numerical simulations. Two different steps are employed, i.e., forward facing and backward facing steps. Furthermore, the size of the step and the thickness of the inlet endwall boundary layer are also varied. It was found that the presence of the step ahead of the blade row can significantly alter the structure and the strength of the endwall flows. A backward facing step gives rise to lower losses when compared with a flat endwall. However, the effect is found to be dependent on the step height and the thickness of the approaching boundary layer. A forward facing step, on the other hand, produces higher losses than a flat endwall.
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Margarone, Michele, Stefano Magi, Giuseppe Gorla, Stefano Biffi, Paolo Siboni, Gianluca Valenti, Matteo C. Romano, Antonio Giuffrida, Emanuele Negri, and Ennio Macchi. "Revamping, Energy Efficiency and Exergy Analysis of an Existing Upstream Gas Treatment Facility." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90213.

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Surface oil and gas treatment facilities in service for decades are likely to be oversized due to the natural depletion of their reservoirs. Despite these plants might have been designed modularly, meaning they comprise multiple identical units serving the same task, such units operate often in conditions far from the design point and inefficiently. This work analyzes the revamping options of an existing upstream gas facility, which is chosen because representative of a wide set of plants. A flexible numerical model, implemented in the HYSYS environment and dynamically linked to an Excel spreadsheet, includes the performance maps of all turbo machineries and the main characteristics of the investigated modifications in order to run simulation for many gas input conditions and to predict the performance over a year of operation and for different possible future scenarios. The first objective is to assess economically the considered options, which shall be applied only if yielding short return times of the investment since the reservoir is mature. Moreover, all options are appreciated adopting a figure of merit, here defined, that compares the overall energy consumption to that calculated with state-of-the-art technologies. In addition, an exergy and an environmental analyses are executed.
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De Domenico, Francesca, Erwan O. Rolland, and Simone Hochgreb. "Measurements of the Effect of Boundary Conditions on Upstream and Downstream Noise Arising From Entropy Spots." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-64378.

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Pressure fluctuations in combustors arise either directly from the heat release rate perturbations of the flame (direct noise), or indirectly from the acceleration of entropy, vorticity or compositional perturbations through nozzles or turbine guide vanes (indirect noise). In this work, the generation of synthetic entropy spots via the Joule effect produces direct noise, and their acceleration through orifice plates and nozzles produces indirect noise. These acoustic waves reverberate, reflecting several times at the boundaries to add up to the measured pressure. Single travelling pulses are isolated by the introduction of a semiinfinite tube that acts as an anechoic termination for a limited time-window. It is shown how the shape of the converging nozzle does not affect the reflection of the direct noise wave, confirming the hypothesis of a compact nozzle. Further, it is demonstrated that the assumption of an isentropic nozzle does not hold, but that an alternative theory which takes into account the partial acoustic energy dissipation offers good agreement with the experiments. Finally, it is shown that the reflected indirect noise is underpredicted by isentropic theories. An extension of the present work is indicated for the measurement of the transmissivity of indirect noise.
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