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1

Grimm, Alexander. "Der „Ultrasound pattern sum score“ – ein möglicher Algorithmus in der Anwendung des Nervenultraschalls bei Polyneuropathien." Klinische Neurophysiologie 48, no. 02 (May 18, 2017): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-104917.

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ZusammenfassungDie Wertigkeit des Nervenultraschalls bei Polyneuropathie wird aktuell intensiv diskutiert und untersucht. Ziel der UPSS-Studie war daher die Erarbeitung eines standardisierten und operationalisierten Untersuchungsablaufs für die systematische Erfassung sonografischer Nervenbefunde. Methodik 61 Patienten mit akuter oder subakuter Polyneuropathie wurden systematisch sonografisch untersucht. Auf Basis der unterschiedlichen Beteiligung verschiedener Nerven bei individuellen PNP-Syndromen konnten Kompartimente eingeteilt (UPSA=sensomotorische Nerven, UPSB=Wurzeln und N. vagus, UPSC=sensible Nerven) und anhand des Ausmaßes einer Vergrößerung der einzelnen Nerven an definierten anatomischen Landmarken Punkte vergeben werden. Hieraus konnte ein Algorithmus abgeleitet werden, der in Folge dann an 24 Patienten validiert wurde. Ergebnisse Der UPSA und der Summenscore UPSS waren signifikant erhöht bei CIDP-Patienten (p<0,001) gegenüber allen anderen Gruppen, wohingegen bei GBS-Patienten nur der UPSB erhöht war. Bei Vaskulitiden war der UPSS mäßig, aber signifikant im Vergleich zu anderen axonalen Neuropathien erhöht. Mittels ROC Analyse konnten Grenzwerte für diese Scores entwickelt werden, die einen positiv prädiktiven Wert von >85% hatten. In beiden Validierungsgruppen betrug die Trefferquote über 90%. Diskussion Der UPSS hilft, sonografische Veränderungen der Nerven bei Polyneuropathie zu quantifizieren und zu klassifizieren. Ein erhöhter UPSS oder UPSA sind sensitiv für eine CIDP, verdickte Wurzeln oder ein verdickter N. vagus alleine (UPSB) sind typisch für Patienten mit einem GBS, wohingegen leichte Nervenschwellungen (Score zwischen 3 und 9 Punkten) häufig bei vaskulitischen Neuropathien zu finden sind. Kontrollen und andere Polyneuropathien (insbesondere axonale) haben keine erhöhten Scores. Schlussfolgerung Punktwerttabellen bieten eine Möglichkeit, Ergebnisse des Nervenultraschalls zu quantifizieren. Eine Kategorisierung von Nervenultraschallbefunden und somit Diagnosestellung anhand typischer Muster scheint möglich.
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2

Greggi, Stefano, Giorgia Mangili, Cono Scaffa, Felice Scala, Simona Losito, Francesco Iodice, Carmela Pisano, et al. "Uterine Papillary Serous, Clear Cell, and Poorly Differentiated Endometrioid Carcinomas: A Comparative Study." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 21, no. 4 (April 2011): 661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0b013e3182150c89.

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Introduction:Uterine papillary serous and clear cell carcinomas (UPSCs/CCs) show a different spreading from that of poorly differentiated endometrioid carcinomas (PDECs) and are usually thought to be prognostically more aggressive than PDECs. On the contrary, it has been recently claimed that UPSC/CC and PDEC have a similar prognosis. In this retrospective study on 2 institutional databases, the surgical-pathological data and survival have been compared in patients with UPSC/CC and PDEC.Methods:A total of 139 surgically staged consecutive patients, 63 with UPSC/CC (37 UPSC; 26 CC) and 76 with PDEC clinically limited to the uterine corpus, have been compared for nuclear ploidy, myometrial invasion, (occult) cervical extension, peritoneal, and lymph node metastasis. Prognostic factors have been correlated through multivariate analysis with survival (disease-specific [DSS] and disease-free [DFS]).Results:Peritoneal metastases and aneuploidy were found to be the only parameters significantly different in the 2 groups: peritoneal metastases 28.6% in UPSC/CC (extrapelvic 19%) and 7.9% in PDEC (extrapelvic 2.6%) (P= 0.001), aneuploidy 48.6% in UPSC/CC and 30.6% in PDEC (P= 0.05). Five-year DSS was 57.9% versus 75.2% (P= 0.02), and DFS was 52.3% versus 71.4% (P= 0.04) for UPSC/CC and PDEC, respectively. All but cervical and lymph node involvement were significant predictors of survival. After multivariate analysis, histotype (DSS: hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-3.86;P= 0.04; DFS: HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.04-3.63;P= 0.04), stage (DSS: HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.10-4.65;P= 0.03; DFS: HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.12-4.38;P= 0.02), and myometrial invasion (DSS: HR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.22-6.69;P= 0.01; DFS: HR, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.63-9.62;P= 0.002) were independent risk factors for survival.Conclusions:Uterine papillary serous and clear cell carcinomas spread to abdominal peritoneum more frequently than PDEC; multivariate analysis confirms UPSC/CC as an independent, unfavorable predictor of outcome.
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3

Faratian, D., A. Stillie, R. M. C. Busby-Earle, V. J. Cowie, and H. Monaghan. "A review of the pathology and management of uterine papillary serous carcinoma and correlation with outcome." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, no. 3 (2006): 972–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200605000-00003.

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Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) accounts for 10% of endometrial carcinomas but a higher proportion of deaths due to its aggressive nature and poor response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In order to add to the knowledge of UPSC in the literature and to review our local practices, we examined the pathology, medical records, and management of all cases of UPSC (67 patients) treated in South East Scotland over a 10-year period and also evaluated the prognostic significance of the percentage of UPSC in endometrial pipelle and hysterectomy specimens. Although only 63% of initial diagnostic biopsies were reported to contain UPSC, rereview of the cases revealed UPSC in 98.5% of the preoperative biopsies. The percentage of UPSC in the tumors did not affect the outcome. Stage, positive omentum, and treatment with external-beam +/− intracavitary radiotherapy were significantly correlated with overall survival and progression-free survival by univariate analysis, but only stage (P < 0.01) was correlated with outcome on multivariate analysis. Chemotherapy did not affect outcome. UPSC may be difficult to diagnose in preoperative biopsies, particularly when present as part of a mixed tumor. Even a small percentage of UPSC in a diagnostic biopsy or hysterectomy specimen is correlated with a poor prognosis. This study emphasizes the need of a cooperative, prospective study on this distinct uterine carcinoma.
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4

Stine, Jessica E., Stuart Pierce, Paola A. Gehrig, John Nakayama, Laura Jean Havrilesky, Angeles Alvarez Secord, Wing K. Chiu, Dominic T. Moore, and Kenneth H. Kim. "Recurrence rates in patients with uterine papillary serous cancer with and without breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e16529-e16529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e16529.

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e16529 Background: Women with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) are at increased risk for breast cancer and the converse is true. A genetic association between breast cancer and UPSC was recently described and counseling women faced with more than one cancer diagnosis can be difficult. Our objective was to evaluate recurrence rates of women with UPSC to those with UPSC and a personal history of breast cancer (UPSCBR). Methods: Data was collected for UPSCBR patients at two academic institutions between 7/1990 and 7/2012. Patient demographics, pathology, disease stage, and treatments were recorded. A UPSC literature review was performed focusing on recurrences per number of at-risk patients by stage. We used the fixed effect Mantel-Haenszel method to estimate the common pooled effect (recurrence rate) for the UPSC studies and compared these to UPSCBR patients. Results: Forty-three UPSCBR patients were identified. Median age at diagnosis was 72 (49-93). Twenty-six patients were Caucasian, 14 African-American and 3 other. Twenty-four (56%) had early stage at diagnosis (IA-IC) and 19 (44%) had late stage (III-IV). All but one underwent surgical staging/debulking; 36 (90%) were optimally debulked. Twelve (50%) early stage and 17 (89.5%) late stage patients underwent adjuvant therapy with radiation and/or chemotherapy. Nine studies were identified with available recurrence data for early stage UPSC; 8 for late stage. The recurrence rate for stage IA UPSCBR patients was 2/11 (18%) [95% CI: 2 to 52%] compared to 11% [95% CI: 9.8 to 13%] in the UPSC literature. In IB/IC UPSCBR patients we had 3/13 (23%) [95% CI: 5 to 54%] recur versus 21% [95% CI: 19 to 23%]. In later stages III/IV, 7/19 (37%) [95% CI:16 to 62%] UPSCBR patients had recurrences compared to 58% [95% CI: 56 to 60%] of UPSC patients. Conclusions: There is an association between breast cancer and UPSC with regard to incidence. We failed to find evidence of an appreciable difference in recurrence rates between our UPSCBR patients and UPSC patient groups from other reported studies. While diagnosis with two primary malignancies can be challenging for patients, this does not appear to impact their risk of recurrence.
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5

Dörner, Marc, Mihai Ceanga, Frank Schreiber, Jan-Hendrik Stahl, Cornelius Kronlage, Julia Wittlinger, Magdalena Kramer, et al. "High-Resolution Nerve Ultrasound Abnormalities in POEMS Syndrome—A Comparative Study." Diagnostics 11, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020264.

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Background: High-resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS) has been proven to be a valuable tool in the diagnosis of immune-mediated neuropathies, such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes) is an important differential diagnosis of CIDP. Until now, there have been no studies that could identify specific HRUS abnormalities in POEMS syndrome patients. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess possible changes and compare findings with CIDP patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HRUS findings in three POEMS syndrome and ten CIDP patients by evaluating cross-sectional nerve area (CSA), echogenicity and additionally calculating ultrasound pattern scores (UPSA, UPSB, UPSC and UPSS) and homogeneity scores (HS). Results: CIDP patients showed greater CSA enlargement and higher UPSS (median 14 vs. 11), UPSA (median 11.5 vs. 8) and HS (median 5 vs. 3) compared with POEMS syndrome patients. However, every POEMS syndrome patient illustrated enlarged nerves exceeding reference values, which were not restricted to entrapment sites. In CIDP and POEMS syndrome, heterogeneous enlargement patterns could be identified, such as inhomogeneous, homogeneous and regional nerve enlargement. HRUS in CIDP patients visualized both increased and decreased echointensity, while POEMS syndrome patients pictured hypoechoic nerves with hyperechoic intraneural connective tissue. Discussion: This is the first study to demonstrate HRUS abnormalities in POEMS syndrome outside of common entrapment sites. Although nerve enlargement was more prominent in CIDP, POEMS syndrome patients revealed distinct echogenicity patterns, which might aid in its differentiation from CIDP. Future studies should consider HRUS and its possible role in determining diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response in POEMS syndrome.
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6

de Souza, B. "Biologic behavior for patterns of recurrence and survival in ovarian versus uterine papillary serous carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 15056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.15056.

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15056 Background: Papillary serous carcinoma of the ovary (OPSC) and uterus (UPSC) are relatively uncommon malignancies with similar histological features. Information for their comparative behavior is lacking, hence a review was done to compare patterns of recurrence, disease-free and overall survival between the 2 groups. Methods: A retrospective review of 352 consecutive patients (pts) at a single institution with ovarian and uterine malignancies from 1991 through 2004 was done. Of these, 48 patients were identified with OPSC (n = 32) and UPSC (n = 16). To control surgeon as a prognostic factor, only pts undergoing surgery by a single surgeon were included. Stages at diagnosis, patterns of recurrence and survival for FIGO stages I-III with a minimum follow-up of 8 months were obtained from tumor registry, hospital and office records. The median follow-up for UPSC was 25 months and for OPSC was 46 months. Stage IV pts were excluded. Results: The mean age for OPSC and UPSC was 64 and 63 years respectively. Of the 32 OPSC pts, 94% had optimal debulking. In the UPSC group 88% had proper staging with lymph node dissection. The pts with OPSC had a mean overall survival of 60 months and a mean disease-free survival of 38 months for all stages combined. The pts with UPSC had a mean overall survival of 51 months and a mean disease-free survival of 40 months for all stages combined. Ten (31%) pts with OPSC had no recurrence. The remaining 22 (69%) pts had a total of 36 recurrences, the most common (17%) being pelvic masses (mean interval of 24 months). In the UPSC group, 9 (56%) had no recurrences. The remaining 7 (44%) had a total of 10 recurrences, the most common (30%) being peritoneal implants (mean interval of 17 months). Conclusions: UPSC is detected at an earlier stage twice as often as OPSC and yet it has lower overall survival. The disease-free interval is comparable, which shows that even after recurrence, the survival for OPSC is longer. Although OPSC and UPSC share similar histological features UPSC behaves more aggressively. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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7

Slomovitz, Brian M., Russell R. Broaddus, Thomas W. Burke, Nour Sneige, Pamela T. Soliman, Weiguo Wu, Charlotte C. Sun, Mark F. Munsell, David M. Gershenson, and Karen H. Lu. "Her-2/neu Overexpression and Amplification in Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 15 (August 1, 2004): 3126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.11.154.

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Purpose Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is an aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer characterized by early metastasis, resistance to therapy, and a high mortality rate. Little is known about the biology of these tumors. Smaller studies suggest that Her-2/neu may be involved in the tumorigenesis of this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protein expression and gene amplification of Her-2/neu in UPSC and to determine its prognostic value. Patients and Methods Tumor tissue from 68 patients with UPSC treated at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1989 to 2002 was available. Her-2/neu expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Overexpression was defined as complete membrane staining in greater than 10% of the cells. In tumors with overexpression of Her-2/neu by IHC, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to assess gene amplification. Clinical and pathologic information was obtained from medical records. Results Twelve (18%) of 68 tumors demonstrated Her-2/neu overexpression. Of these, only two showed gene amplification. When evaluating all 68 patients, Her-2/neu overexpression was associated with a poorer overall survival (OS; P = .008). In our multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, Her-2/neu IHC overexpression, lymph node status, and stage were each associated with OS (P ≤ .05). Conclusion Positive IHC overexpression of Her-2/neu was seen in 18% of UPSCs but was rarely correlated with Her-2/neu gene amplification. Overexpression of Her-2/neu was associated with a worse overall prognosis. The use of trastuzumab (Herceptin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) in women with UPSC should be further evaluated in a clinical trial setting.
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Chang, W. C., B. C. Sheu, R. C. Chen, S. N. Chow, and S. C. Huang. "Depressed host immunity in a case of metachronous primary uterine papillary serous carcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 14, no. 5 (2004): 1030–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200409000-00043.

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Metachronous primary malignant tumors of uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are rare. UPSC is a clinically aggressive and morphologically distinctive variant of endometrial carcinoma. We describe the clinical features of a 63-year-old patient with UPSC that was found 2 years after chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma of neck, stage IV and 5 months after radiation therapy for recurrence. This patient had undergone staging surgery and postoperative radiation for UPSC. One month after completion of radiotherapy, the patient expired due to persistence of the disease. The association between host immunity and UPSC is rarely described in the literature. Immunological profiles of this patient, with compositional changes of natural killer, B, and T cell, dramatically altered the percentage of CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and CD4/CD8 ratio, signifying depressed host immunity. Immunological profile of this patient stressed the issue of depressed host immunity and associated malignancies.
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Shandilya, Gaurav Kumar. "Mental Health Status of UPSC CSE Aspirants: A Survey-Based Study." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 4454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52603.

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Abstract: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducts one of the most challenging and competitive exams in India. Preparing for the UPSC exam requires immense hard work, dedication, and perseverance, which often puts a significant amount of stress on the aspirants' mental health. In this study, we conducted an online survey to assess the mental health status of UPSC aspirants. The survey was conducted on 203 participants, who were either preparing for the UPSC exam or had attempted it multiple times. The survey included questions on their attempts, coaching institutes, physical and mental health, emotional problems, sleep hours, and preparation status. The results indicate that while the majority of the participants rated their physical health as good, their mental health status was somewhat poor or poor. A significant number of participants reported facing emotional problems, feeling low or down, and sleep disturbances. The study highlights the need for mental health support for UPSC aspirants, including counselling services and awareness programs.
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Memarzadeh, S., C. H. Holschneider, R. E. Bristow, N. L. Jones, Y. S. Fu, B. Y. Karlan, J. S. Berek, and R. Farias-Eisner. "FIGO stage III and IV uterine papillary serous carcinoma: Impact of residual disease on survival." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 12, no. 5 (2002): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200209000-00008.

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The objective of this study was to assess the impact of surgical cytoreduction on the survival of patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). Patients added to the institutional tumor registries between January 1980 and September 2001 with the diagnosis of UPSC were reviewed. The records of 43 patients who underwent surgical cytoreduction for FIGO stage III and IV disease were reviewed. The median survival of UPSC patients with microscopic residual disease was significantly improved compared to those with macroscopic residual disease following primary surgical cytoreduction. We conclude that primary surgical cytoreduction resulting in microscopic residual disease is associated with an improvement in recurrence-free survival and overall survival in women with UPSC.
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11

Elit, Laurie, Andre LaRoche, Lauren Smith, John Mazurka, Francois Moens, Jan Hauspy, and Waldo Jimenez. "Management of Women with Surgically Staged 1 Uterine Papillary Serous Cancer." ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011 (September 11, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/146264.

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Objective. To review the management and outcomes of women with surgically staged 1 UPSC. Methods. We report on a case series from 2008–2010 from Hamilton Canada. We summarize the data from a literature search on surgically staged 1 UPSC. Results. There is a group women with Stage 1A UPSC with no residual disease at time of surgery who do not require adjuvant therapy. Vault recurrences appear to be lower in women who received adjuvant vault radiation. Chemotherapy appears to confer longer survival for those women with Stage 1B or 1C disease compared of those observed or who had radiation alone. Conclusion. Adjuvant therapy appears to confer benefit in certain groups of women with stage 1 UPSC. A randomized controlled study would clarify the degree of benefit.
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McGunigal, Mary, Jerry Liu, Tamara Kalir, Manjeet Chadha, and Vishal Gupta. "Survival Differences Among Uterine Papillary Serous, Clear Cell and Grade 3 Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma Endometrial Cancers: A National Cancer Database Analysis." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000844.

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ObjectivesHigh-risk histology including UPSC, CC, and high-grade (G3) endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) have a worse prognosis compared to G1-2 EAC. It is unknown whether G3EAC outcomes are more similar to UPSC/CC or to G1-2 EAC. The purpose of this study was to compare overall survival (OS) among UPSC, CC, and G1-3 EAC, for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages I to III.MethodsThe National Cancer Data Base was queried for patients diagnosed with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (1988 classification) Stage I-III UPSC, CC, and EAC from 1998 to 2012 who underwent surgery as definitive treatment. Patients with unknown grade/stage, nonsurgical primary therapy, other histologies, and less than 30-day follow-up were excluded. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method and compared using log-rank tests.Results219,934 patients met our inclusion criteria. For patients with stage I disease (n = 174,361), 5-year OS was for 92.4% for G1EAC, 87.8% for G2EAC, 77.5% for G3EAC, 74.9% for CC, and 74.6% for UPSC. For stage II patients (n = 17,361), 5-year OS was 86.7% for G1EAC, 80.2% for G2EAC, 62.7% for G3EAC, 64.3% for CC, and 56.7% for UPSC. For stage III patients (n = 28,212), 5-year OS was 79.7% for G1EAC, 68.9% for G2EAC, 49.6% for G3EAC, 40.2% for CC, and 35.7% for UPSC (P<0.0001). On multivariate analysis, black race, age 60 years and older, higher stage, higher grade, high-risk histologies, receiving chemotherapy, and higher comorbidity scores were all significantly (P< 0.0001) predictive of death while receiving radiation therapy was protective (hazards ratio, 0.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.6–2.9).ConclusionsThe results suggest that G3 EAC has a slightly more favorable survival than UPSC and CC but predictably does poorer than G1-2 EAC. Further research is warranted to determine if G3 EAC should be reclassified as a type II cancer.
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Crain, Charles Nicolas, Remy Ngwanyam, and Gregory Punch. "Rare brain metastasis with unusual characteristics in a late recurrence of stage IIIA uterine papillary serous carcinoma." BJR|case reports 7, no. 4 (July 2021): 20200157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjrcr.20200157.

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Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is a rare endometrial neoplasm with high mortality rates. While the malignancy has often metastasized to distant organs by the time of diagnosis, brain lesions are extremely rare and most commonly only observed in widely disseminated disease. Here, we present an unusual case of UPSC with brain metastasis discovered six years after undergoing treatment for stage IIIA disease. Compared to the few previous cases of brain metastasis from UPSC, this lesion exhibited unusual imaging characteristics. We also highlight a potential imaging interpretation pitfall which was associated with this case.
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Seeber, Laura M. S., Ronald P. Zweemer, Luigi Marchionni, Leon F. A. G. Massuger, Vincent T. H. B. M. Smit, W. Marchien van Baal, René H. M. Verheijen, and Paul J. van Diest. "Methylation profiles of endometrioid and serous endometrial cancers." Endocrine-Related Cancer 17, no. 3 (September 2010): 663–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-10-0014.

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Promoter methylation is a gene- and cancer type-specific epigenetic event that plays an important role in tumour development. As endometrioid (endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, EEC) and serous endometrial cancers (uterine papillary serous carcinoma, UPSC) exhibit different clinical, histological and molecular genetic characteristics, we hypothesized that these differences may be reflected in epigenetic phenomena as well. Identification of a panel of methylation biomarkers could be helpful in a correct histological classification of these two subtypes, which solely on the basis of morphology is not always easy. Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was used to assess the extent of promoter methylation of different tumour suppressor genes in EEC and UPSC. Methylation results were correlated with histology and survival. The median cumulative methylation index of all genes was significantly higher in EEC (124) than in UPSC (93) (P<0.001). Promoter methylation of CDH13 and MLH1 was more frequently present in EEC, while CDKN2B and TP73 were more frequently methylated in UPSC. Almost 90% of EEC and 70% of UPSC could be predicted by CDH13 and TP73. In EEC, methylation of MLH1 was associated with a shorter disease-free survival (DFS; P<0.0001) and overall survival (OS; P=0.005). In a multivariate model, MLH1 methylation emerged as an additional prognostic factor to stage for DFS (P=0.002). In conclusion, promoter methylation is more common in EEC than UPSC. A panel of methylation biomarkers could be useful to distinguish between the two histological subtypes of endometrial cancer. Furthermore, methylation of MLH1 may have prognostic value in EEC.
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Sjödin, Andreas, Max Bylesjö, Oskar Skogström, Daniel Eriksson, Peter Nilsson, Patrik Rydén, Stefan Jansson, and Jan Karlsson. "UPSC-BASE -Populustranscriptomics online." Plant Journal 48, no. 5 (December 2006): 806–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02920.x.

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Peng, Xiangping, Shaoqing Li, Sidong Yang, Isaac Swink, Jake Carbone, Boyle Cheng, and Zhanyong Wu. "Biomechanical Characterization of Unilateral and Bilateral Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Constructs." BioMed Research International 2022 (August 13, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7081238.

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Study Design. Cadaveric biomechanical study. Objectives. To compare the biomechanical stability of two-level PLIF constructs with unilateral and bilateral pedicle screw fixations. Methods. Six cadaveric lumbar segments were evaluated to assess biomechanical stability in response to pure moment loads applied in flexion-extension (FE), lateral bending (LB), and axial rotation (AR). Each specimen was tested in six sequential configurations: (1) intact baseline; (2) facetectomy; (3) unilateral pedicle screws (UPS); (4) bilateral pedicle screws (BPS); (5) unilateral pedicle screws and cage (UPSC); and (6) bilateral pedicle screws and cage (BPSC). Results. Significant reductions in motion were observed when comparing all instrumented conditions to the intact and facetectomy stages of testing. No significant differences in motion between UPS, BPS, UPSC, or BPSC were observed in response to FE range of motion (ROM) or neutral zone (NZ). ROM was significantly higher in the UPS stage compared to BPS in response to LB and AT loading. ROM was significantly higher in UPSC compared to BPSC in response to LB loading only. Similarly, NZ was significantly higher in UPSC compared to BPSC in response to only LB loading. In response to AT loading, ROM was significantly higher during UPS than BPS or BPSC; however, no significant differences were noted between UPSC and BPSC with respect to AT ROM or NZ. Conclusion. BPS fixation is biomechanically superior to UPS fixation in multilevel PLIF constructs. This was most pronounced during both LB loading. Interbody support did contribute significantly to immediate stability.
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He, Jing, Rui Shi, and Rimutu Ji. "Effect of Ultrasound Pre-Treatment on Extraction and Characterization of Collagen from Bactrian Camel Skin." Polymers 15, no. 8 (April 19, 2023): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081943.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound pre-treatment on the characterization from Bactrian camel skin. It was possible to produce and characterize collagen extracted from Bactrian camel skin. The results showed that the yield of collagen was higher in ultrasound pre-treatment (UPSC) (41.99%) than the pepsin-soluble collagen extraction (PSC) (26.08%). All extracts were identified as type I collagens using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and retained their helical structure, as confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopy analysis of UPSC revealed that some physical changes were caused by sonication. UPSC had smaller particle size than PSC. The viscosity of UPSC always plays a leading role in the range of 0–10 Hz. However, the contribution of elasticity to the solution system of PSC increased in the range of 1–10 Hz. Moreover, ultrasound-treated collagen had superior solubility property at pH 1–4 and at <3% (w/v) NaCl than non-ultrasound treated collagen. Therefore, the utilization of ultrasound for the extraction of pepsin soluble collagen is a good alternative technology to expand the application at industrial level.
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Holman, Laura L., David A. Iglesias, Pamela T. Soliman, Navdeep Pal, Ann Klopp, Russell Broaddus, Tina Ayeni, et al. "Long-term survival in advanced-stage uterine papillary serous carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 5596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.5596.

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5596 Background: Advanced-stage (III/IV) uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) has a median overall survival (OS) of ~ 3 yrs. The study objective was to determine factors associated with long-term survival in advanced stage UPSC. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of pts diagnosed with stage III or IV UPSC between 1993 and 2012. Summary statistics were used to describe demographic and clinical characteristics. OS was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Fisher’s exact test and the Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare pts surviving >3 yrs with those surviving <1 yr. Results: With a median follow-up of 2.2 years (range 0.06-13.2), 262 pts with advanced stage UPSC were identified. The probability of surviving >3 yrs was 0.462, >4 yrs was 0.310, and >5 yrs was 0.228. Thirty-six (14%) pts survived >3 yrs and 37 (14%) survived <1 yr. There was no difference in median age of pts surviving >3 yrs compared to pts surviving <1 yr (60 vs 66, p=0.21). There was also no difference between groups in demographics or medical history. There were several significant differences in pathologic and treatment variables between groups (Table). Conclusions: Though rare, long-term survival in advanced stage UPSC is associated with mixed histology, combination treatment including chemotherapy, and complete response to primary therapy. Further study of the molecular basis for these differences has the potential to improve survival for all pts with this disease. [Table: see text]
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Schmidt, Meirav, Yakir Segev, Rotem Sadeh, Erica Suzan, Ido Feferkorn, Anis Kaldawy, Gilit Kligun, and Ofer Lavie. "Cancer Antigen 125 Levels are Significantly Associated With Prognostic Parameters in Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 28, no. 7 (September 2018): 1311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000001300.

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ObjectivesUterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is a highly aggressive subtype of endometrial carcinoma. Histopathologically, it resembles the pattern of serous papillary carcinoma of the ovary. Cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) is the most widely used biomarker in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Its use in UPSC evaluation has yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of preoperative serum CA-125 as a prognostic factor in patients with UPSC.MethodsThe study cohort included all women with UPSC operated in our institution between January 2002 and June 2016. All patients underwent complete surgical staging. Preoperative CA-125 was reviewed and correlated with clinical and pathological parameters.ResultsSixty-one women met the study criteria. Median preoperative CA-125 was found to be significantly associated with disease stage. Patients with disease stages I to IV had median preoperative CA-125 levels of 12.15, 19.6, 22.6, and 177.5 U/mL (P < 0.0001) respectively. Levels of CA-125 were significantly associated with positive cytology (P < 0.0001), omental disease (P < 0.0001), pelvic or para-aortic lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001), and adnexal involvement (P < 0.0001). The optimal cutoff that provided the best sensitivity and specificity for omental and parametrial involvement as well as positive cytology was 57.5 U/mL. For adnexal and lymph node involvement, the optimal cutoff value was 41.8 U/mL.ConclusionsIn patients with UPSC, preoperative CA-125 level correlates with known prognostic parameters of endometrial carcinoma and is associated with extrauterine involvement. These data should stimulate the need for further evaluation of the role of CA-125 in predicting recurrence and survival in UPSC.
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Vaidya, A. P., R. Littell, C. Krasner, and L. R. Duska. "Treatment of uterine papillary serous carcinoma with platinum-based chemotherapy and paclitaxel." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, Suppl 1 (January 2006): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200602001-00043.

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Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is more aggressive than endometrioid endometrial cancer, as it often presents with advanced disease and follows a pattern of spread that resemblesthe serous carcinoma of the ovary. There exists little data on evaluating the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel in UPSC. Institutional Review Board permission was obtained for a retrospective review. Tumor registry search was used to identify all patients with UPSC from 1990 to 2003. Charts were retrospectively evaluated from patients who had received at least three cycles of carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line chemotherapy. Only patients with histologically confirmed UPSC who were treated first line with carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy were included. Nineteen patients with UPSC were identified, who were treated with carboplatin and paclitaxel in the first-line adjuvant setting after initial surgical cytoreduction. All patients received at least three cycles, with 12 of the 19 patients receiving six cycles. Five patients were treated with consolidation radiotherapy following first-line chemotherapy. Mean age was 69 years (range 55–88). The majority of patients had stage III disease (n= 11). Mean follow-up for the group was 29.5 months (7–76 months). A median progression-free interval of 12 months was seen across the entire cohort. Fourteen patients achieved a complete response following chemotherapy. The results of Gynecologic Oncology Group protocol 122 suggest that patients with advanced endometrial cancer have an improved progression-free survival when treated primarily with chemotherapy rather than radiation therapy. The results of our study show a high response rate to paclitaxel/carboplatin outpatient chemotherapy in a group of patients historically believed to have chemoresistant disease. Further prospective study of this regimen is planned.
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Ren, Yulan, Huaying Wang, Xiaoyan Zhou, Wentao Yang, Xiaowei Huang, Yongming Lu, and Daren Shi. "Clinicopathological Characteristics and Her-2/neu Status in Chinese Patients with Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma." ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011 (October 20, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/575327.

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Objective. To analyze clinico-pathological features of Chinese patients with UPSC, and investigate roles of Her-2/neu protein expression and gene amplification in UPSC prognosis. Methods. Thirty-six patients with UPSC treated in Cancer Hospital of Fudan University from 1996 to 2006 were analysed retrospectively. Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to evaluate Her-2/neu gene amplification and protein expression respectively. Results. The median age was 63 years, and 61% (22/36) were late stages (stage III/IV). The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 73.1%, 51.9% and 43.9%, respectively. Advanced stages () and deep myometrial invasion () were significantly associtated with a shorter OS. In 36 cases, 27.8% (10/36) showed staining and 8.3% (3/36) showed by IHC. Amplification of the Her-2/neu gene was observed in 11.1% (4/36) cases. The 5-year overall survival rate in Her-2/neu IHC and cases was 12.9% and 68.6% respectively. Her-2/neu protein expression was significantly associated with advanced surgical stage and worse overall survival ( and , resp.). Conclusion. Chinese patients with UPSC showed characteristics of deep myometrial invasion, advanced stages and poor overall survival. Her-2/neu protein overexpression is associated with advanced stage and poor survival outcome.
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Kato, Daniel T., Judith A. Ferry, Annekatheryn Goodman, Jana Sullinger, Robert E. Scully, A. Goff, Arlan F. Fuller, and Laurel W. Rice. "Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma (UPSC)." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 51, no. 4 (April 1996): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199604000-00014.

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KASHIMA, K., Y. AOKI, T. YAHATA, and K. TANAKA. "Complete response to docetaxel and carboplatin combination chemotherapy for a stage IV uterine papillary serous carcinoma: a case report." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 15, no. 6 (November 2005): 1199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200511000-00039.

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We report a case of a stage IV uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) with multiple organ metastases. The patient was treated with docetaxel and carboplatin combination chemotherapy. After five courses, uterine tumor, Douglas tumor, lymphadenopathy, and distant metastases on magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan were completely resoluted. Moreover, endometrial biopsy showed no carcinoma tissues after six courses. We suggest that this regimen may be effective for treatment of advanced-stage UPSC.
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Gupta, Divya, Marc J. Gunter, Kathleen Yang, Stephen Lee, Lisa Zuckerwise, Lee-may Chen, Gary L. Goldberg, and Gloria S. Huang. "Performance of Serum CA125 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients With Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 21, no. 3 (April 2011): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0b013e31821091b5.

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HypothesisSerum CA125 is a potential biomarker for metastatic disease and recurrence in patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC).MethodsAll patients with UPSC who had preoperative CA125 measurement and surgical staging between 1998 and 2008 at the participating institutions were included in this analysis (N = 52). Data were extracted from patients' records. Fisher exact and χ2tests were used to assess the association of CA125 levels with clinical and pathological variables. The correlation between CA125 levels (high/low) and lymph node metastases (positive/negative) was evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficients. The association of CA125 elevation with recurrence-free survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression modeling.ResultsPreoperative CA125 elevation (>30 U/mL) was observed in 9 (17%) patients and was associated with advanced International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) stage III/IV disease (P= 0.002), lymph node involvement (P= 0.007), and presence of omental metastases (P= 0.001). Disease recurrence and survival data were available for 51 of the 52 patients. During a mean follow-up time of 36 months, 15 (29%) patients experienced disease recurrence and 10 (19%) patients died. There was a moderate positive correlation between CA125 levels and lymph node metastases (r2= 0.39). On multivariate survival analysis, an elevated CA125 level compared to nonelevated CA-125 was not associated with disease recurrence (hazard ratio, 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-4.77).ConclusionsPreoperative CA125 levels were significantly associated with metastatic disease in patients with UPSC. However, in this study of surgically staged UPSC patients, preoperative CA125 elevation was not an independent predictor of disease recurrence.
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Tangirala, Maruthi P. "UPSC: Civil Services Examination and Beyond." Indian Journal of Public Administration 56, no. 4 (October 2010): 920–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556120100407.

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Viswanathan, A., N. Horick, C. Tanaka, S. Campos, U. Matulonis, and R. Berkowitz. "Chemotherapy and radiation therapy in UPSC." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 5535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5535.

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5535 Purpose: To analyze the impact of chemotherapy (Ch) and radiation therapy (RT) on relapse rates in patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). Materials and Methods: The outcomes of 160 women with UPSC seen between 1980–2005 at the BW/DFCC were analyzed. Exclusion criteria included stage IVB disease, no hysterectomy, unknown stage, or unknown type of RT. Results: The median age was 67 years (range 31–90). FIGO Stage was IA (21), IB (28), IC (13), IIA (7), IIB (10), IIIA (42), IIIB (2), IIIC (21), and IVA (16). Treatment included none (40), Ch alone (20), Ch and whole abdominal radiation (WA) (11), Ch and pelvic radiation (P) (30), Ch and vaginal brachytherapy (VB) (2), WA alone (24), P alone (19), and VB alone (14). The median dose of RT was WA 30 Gy and P 45 Gy. Ch was given to 63 patients; the median number of cycles of Carboplatin, Adriamycin and Paclitaxel was 3. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for the entire group were 67% and 57% at 2 years, 62% and 51% at 3 years and 51% and 38% at 5 years. A total of 58 patients relapsed. Among those who received no RT or Ch, 48% (19/40) relapsed; among those treated with Ch only, 50% (10/20) relapsed; in the group treated with RT only, 26% (15/57) relapsed; and, in those treated with Ch and RT, 33% (14/43) relapsed. A significant difference in recurrence rate was seen in patients treated with RT compared to those who received no treatment (OR 0.40, p=0.03). This difference persisted after controlling for Stage, which did significantly affect the relationship between RT treatment and recurrence. Local recurrence (in an RT field) was a component of failure for 14% (14/100) treated with RT, versus 42% (25/59) that received no RT (OR 0.22, p=0.0001). Distant metastases were a component of first failure in 15% (9/61) that received Ch versus 11% (11/97) that did not; there was no significant difference in distant recurrence rate for patients treated with Ch (OR 1.35, p=0.53). Conclusion: This single-institution study represents the largest series of UPSC to date. The use of RT significantly decreases the overall recurrence rate of UPSC in this series and should be considered in patients with stages I-IVA UPSC. Future studies looking at the optimal type, dose and duration of chemotherapy, as well as the use of novel agents, are needed to improve outcomes in this population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Villella, J. A., S. Cohen, D. H. Smith, H. Hibshoosh, and D. Hershman. "HER‐2/neuoverexpression in uterine papillary serous cancers and its possible therapeutic implications." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, no. 5 (September 2006): 1897–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200609000-00027.

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Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is a highly aggressive variant of endometrial cancer with features similar to high-grade ovarian cancer. Patients tend to be elderly, thin, have a high grade tumor with extensive extrauterine disease at the time of diagnosis. The transmembrane receptor encoded by the HER-2 cellular oncogene is amplified in several types of human carcinomas and provides an attractive therapeutic target. HER-2/neu, the transmembrane receptor encoded by the c-erbB2 gene, is overexpressed by immunohistochemistry in <25% of ovarian cancers and 20–30% of breast cancers, and <10% of endometrial cancer. There are prognostic and therapeutic implications associated with the overexpression of this transmembrane protein. Herceptin, a humanized murine monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the HER-2/neuprotein, is being used to treat breast cancer that overexpresses HER-2/neu. We reviewed all patients diagnosed with UPSC between 1999-2001. Twenty-six patients were identified, and 19 patients had specimens available for evaluation. We performed immunohistochemical analysis (Herceptest, Dako, Carpinteria, CA) on 19 paraffin embedded blocks of UPSC tumors looking for HER-2/neuover expression. Five out of 19 (26%) stained heavily (3+) for HER-2/neureceptor protein. Four of these five patients had advanced disease at diagnosis. Two of these patients were subsequently treated with Herceptin; one with complete response and one with stable disease based on CT scan and CA-125 findings. Targeting HER-2/neumay be beneficial for a select group of patients with UPSC. We are continuing to evaluate samples for HER-2/neuover expression by fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH).
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Boyraz, Gokhan, Mehmet Coskun Salman, Derman Basaran, Nejat Ozgul, Taner Turan, Osman Turkmen, Gunsu Comert Kimyon, et al. "Extrauterine Spread, Adjuvant Treatment, and Prognosis in Noninvasive Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma of the Endometrium: A Retrospective Multicenter Study." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000838.

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ObjectivesThe aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to investigate the frequency of extrauterine metastasis and to evaluate the importance of surgical staging and adjuvant treatment among patients with noninvasive uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) of the endometrium.Materials and MethodsA multicenter, retrospective department database review was performed to identify patients with UPSC of the endometrium who underwent surgical staging between 2000 and 2015 at 4 Gynecologic Oncology Centers in Turkey. Demographic, clinicopathological, and survival data were collected.ResultsA total of 182 patients with primary UPSC of the endometrium were identified. Of these, 33 (18.1%) had tumors limited to the endometrium with no myometrial invasion. Twenty (60.6%) of these 33 patients had no extrauterine involvement and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2009 stage 1A disease was diagnosed after complete staging. The remaining 13 (39.4%) patients had disease beyond the uterine corpus including 5 with omental, 3 with adnexal, 1 with cervical stromal involvement, 1 with disease in the pelvic lymph nodes, and 1 with isolated para-aortic lymph node metastasis. Two patients had metastases in more than one location including omentum/adnexa/pelvic–para-aortic lymph nodes and omentum/pelvic–para-aortic lymph nodes, respectively. Of the 20 patients with disease confined to the endometrium, 6 (30%) patients received adjuvant treatment.ConclusionsNoninvasive UPSC has a high tendency for extrauterine spread and omentum is the most commonly involved location. Therefore, comprehensive surgical staging including omentectomy and pelvic–para-aortic lymph node dissection is mandatory in this group of patients. Risk of extrauterine spread is significantly associated with the presence of lymphovascular space invasion, elevated preoperative CA 125 levels, and positive peritoneal cytology. Adjuvant therapy for women with endometrium-confined disease improves neither progression-free survival nor overall survival.
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Lin, Jeff Feng-Hsu, Paniti Sukumvanich, Keila Parada, Thomas C. Krivak, Sushil Beriwal, Joseph L. Kelley, and Alexander Olawaiye. "Multimodal therapy in patients with node-positive (stage IIIC) uterine papillary serous carcinoma: A National Cancer Database study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 5585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.5585.

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5585 Background: Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is an aggressive endometrial cancer that carries a 30-40% risk of nodal metastasis. Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy has become standard of care in advanced UPSC, but the role of additional adjuvant radiotherapy is unclear. This study aims to evaluate survival outcomes of multimodal therapy through the use of the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB). Methods: All patients diagnosed with surgically-staged FIGO stage IIIC uterine papillary serous carcinoma were identified in the NCDB from 1/1998 through 12/2010. Patients were divided into those who received chemotherapy only (CT) and both chemotherapy and radiation therapy (CT+RT). Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate comparison by log rank test and multivariable analysis by Cox regression modeling were performed to identify and control for prognostic factors. Results: A total of 13,356 cases of uterine cancer were identified, of which 794 were UPSC. Of these patients, 387 underwent lymphadenectomy (median 14 nodes removed) with 75 patients (median age 65) found to have stage IIIC disease. Median follow up is 20.4 (range: 0-114) months. There were no significant differences were found between the RT and CT+RT group with regards to patient demographic, medical comorbidity, treatment facility or disease characteristics. The median overall survival was 23.2 (95% CI 14.5-31.9) and 40.3 (95% CI 31.5-49.1) months, (p<0.05) for the CT and CT+RT groups, respectively. Multivariate analysis controlling for age, race, income, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index, treatment facility type, year of diagnosis, number of lymph nodes removed, number of positive lymph nodes and tumor size found radiotherapy independently predicted improved survival [HRdeath0.024 (95% CI 0.001-0.668)]. Conclusions: Patients with stage IIIC UPSC benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy in addition to adjuvant chemotherapy.
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LaDousa, Chaise. "Language medium and a high-stakes test: Language ideology and coaching centers in North India." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2018, no. 253 (August 28, 2018): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2018-0025.

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Abstract The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) offers its set of examinations in a “medium”, whether in a language recognized by the Constitution of India or in English. The notion of medium in the examination borrows from the notion of medium in schooling where it refers to the primary language of pedagogy. Although not all students who have studied in a particular medium in school and university go on to attempt the UPSC examinations in the same medium, most do. This article reports on fieldwork conducted in 2014 in coaching centers in Delhi’s Mukherjee Nagar and in the city of Varanasi. It traces some of the ways in which people hold ideologies about the significance of studying in one medium or another. Much ideological reflection, for example, was oriented to the fierce protesting that broke out in various locations in Delhi during the summer of 2014, just before my fieldwork. The protests were focused on changes made to the UPSC examination in 2011 which initiated increasingly poor results among Hindi-medium aspirants. The article also answers the call of scholars to consider institutional practices – especially as they change – alongside ideological reflections because, in the case of coaching centers, practice and ideology are not aligned.
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Steed, H., L. Manchul, B. Rosen, A. Fyles, G. Lockwood, S. Laframboise, J. Murphy, M. Milosevic, W. Chapman, and A. M. Oza. "Uterine papillary serous carcinoma: evaluation of multimodality treatment with abdominopelvic radiotherapy and chemotherapy." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, Suppl 1 (January 2006): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200602001-00045.

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The aim of this study was to compare overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and relapse patterns between different modalities of treatment for uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). A retrospective review of 124 patients with pathologically confirmed UPSC was performed, of whom, 97 patients were eligible for study. Postoperative treatment groups included adjuvant radiotherapy consisting of whole abdomen and a pelvic boost (abdominopelvic radiotherapy [APRT]) (55 patients), paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy (CT) for six cycles followed by APRT (18 patients), CT only (5 patients), and 19 patients were observed without postoperative adjuvant therapy. Three-year OS was 81% and 63% for the CT followed by APRT and APRT alone, respectively (P= 0.11). After controlling for stage, the group treated with APRT alone had significantly decreased OS and PFS compared to the CT/APRT group (HR 3.6; 1.3–9.8; P= 0.01) and (HR 2.9; 95% CI 1.1–7.3; P= 0.03), respectively. Within the limitations of a retrospective study, the results of this study indicate that multimodality postoperative treatment with paclitaxel and a platinum-based CT followed by APRT may increase the survival of patients with UPSC. However, further prospective studies using these combined modalities are needed to confirm these findings.
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Semer, D., N. P. Nguyen, S. Sallah, U. Karlsson, P. Vos, A. Ludin, D. Tait, M. Salehpour, G. Jendrasiak, and C. Robiou. "Prognosis for papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium after surgical staging." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 11, no. 4 (2001): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200107000-00009.

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Abstract.Nguyen NP, Sallah S, Karlsson U, Vos P, Ludin A, Semer D, Tait D, Salehpour M, Jendrasiak G, Robiou C. for papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium after surgical staging.Background: To investigate the pattern of failure and the prognosis following pathological staging for uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC).Patients and methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 22 patients with UPSC, treated between 1989 and 1998 at a single institution. All patients were surgically staged. Two patients with advanced disease received chemotherapy only. Two patients with early-stage disease were followed without further treatment. Eighteen patients received postoperative irradiation; eight patients received whole abdominal irradiation (WART), and the remaining 10 patients, pelvic irradiation (PRT). In addition, seven of these patients received vaginal cuff irradiation with low-dose-rate or high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Toxicity, pattern of failure, and survival were evaluated and compared to the literature.Results: Seven patients (32%) developed distant metastases, three out of seven (42%) after WART. Four out of seven patients who had distant metastases died from disease progression during subsequent chemotherapy. All patients with distant metastases had locally advanced-stage disease at presentation (six stage III, one stage IV). Four patients with pelvic recurrences developed concurrent (2) and subsequent (2) distant metastases. Three patients had isolated distant metastases. No patient with early stage-disease (stage I and II) died from disease progression.Conclusion: Pathological staging should be performed for all patients with UPSC to determine the prognosis as well as to tailor the treatment. The role of abdominal irradiation in the treatment of UPSC is yet to be determined; however, such an approach may not be necessary for the control of disease for patients with early-stage (I and II) disease. Patients with locally advanced-stage (stage III) disease are at risk of local regional failures and distant metastases despite WART. Therefore, the benefit of WART for advanced-stage disease is also questionable. Paclitaxel-based chemotherapy is currently being investigated in this setting.
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Roelofsen, Thijs, Marjanka Mingels, Jan C. M. Hendriks, Rahul A. Samlal, Marc P. Snijders, Anette L. Aalders, Johan Bulten, Maaike A. P. C. Van Ham, and Leon F. A. G. Massuger. "Preoperative CA-125 predicts extra-uterine disease and survival in uterine papillary serous carcinoma patients." International Journal of Biological Markers 27, no. 3 (July 2012): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jbm.2012.9346.

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Objective We determined the clinical utility of preoperative serum CA-125 as predictor of extra-uterine disease and as prognosticator for survival in patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). Methods Patients diagnosed with UPSC, identified between 1992 and 2009, and with preoperative CA-125 measurement were included. A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to quantify marker performance. Overall and progression free survival were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Regression analyses were used to investigate the association of preoperative CA-125 levels and other clinicopathological variables with the presence of extra-uterine disease and the effects on survival. Results Sixty-six patients met the study criteria. Using ROC, the CA-125 concentration of 45 U/mL as cutoff level provided the best sensitivity (75%) and specificity (74%) for extra-uterine disease, with a positive predictive value of 86%. Survival was significantly longer in patients with preoperative CA-125 =45 U/mL (p<0.001). Only preoperative CA-125 >45 U/mL remained significantly associated with extra-uterine disease (OR=6.30, 95% CI 1.93–20.62). Furthermore, advanced FIGO stage (HR=4.53, 95% CI 1.50–13.62) and preoperative CA-125 >45 U/mL (HR=3.12, 95% CI 1.13–8.73) were associated with decreased survival. Conclusion Preoperative elevated serum CA-125 is an independent predictor for the presence of extra-uterine disease and an independent risk factor for survival in UPSC patients.
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Hoang, Nhat-Duc, Duy-Thang Vu, Xuan-Linh Tran, and Van-Duc Tran. "Modeling Punching Shear Capacity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Concrete Slabs: A Comparative Study of Instance-Based and Neural Network Learning." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9897078.

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This study investigates an adaptive-weighted instanced-based learning, for the prediction of the ultimate punching shear capacity (UPSC) of fiber-reinforced polymer- (FRP-) reinforced slabs. The concept of the new method is to employ the Differential Evolution to construct an adaptive instance-based regression model. The performance of the proposed model is compared to those of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and traditional formula-based methods. A dataset which contains the testing results of FRP-reinforced concrete slabs has been collected to establish and verify new approach. This study shows that the investigated instance-based regression model is capable of delivering the prediction result which is far more accurate than traditional formulas and very competitive with the black-box approach of ANN. Furthermore, the proposed adaptive-weighted instanced-based learning provides a means for quantifying the relevancy of each factor used for the prediction of UPSC of FRP-reinforced slabs.
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Baek, Min-Hyun, Shin-Wha Lee, Jeong-Yeol Park, Daeyeon Kim, Jong-Hyeok Kim, Yong-Man Kim, Young-Tak Kim, and Joo-Hyun Nam. "Identification of a Preoperative Predictive Factor for Lymph Node Metastasis in Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma: Long-term Results From a Single Institution." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 25, no. 1 (January 2015): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000318.

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ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify preoperative clinicopathological predictive factors for lymph node (LN) metastasis in women diagnosed with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC).MethodsWomen diagnosed with UPSC in our institution from 1997 to 2012 were identified. All patients underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy plus pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy. The predictive values of the risk factors for LN metastasis were analyzed using χ2 and multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsA total of 94 patients met our study criteria. A CA-125 cutoff of 47.5 IU/mL on the receiver operating characteristic curve provided the best sensitivity and specificity (56.5% vs 90.1%, respectively) for LN metastasis prediction. The sensitivities and specificities of old age (≥60 years), body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater, deep myometrial invasion, tumor size greater than 2 cm, tumor size greater than 4 cm, preoperative CA-125 greater than 47.5 IU/mL, LN metastasis on imaging, and extrauterine spread on imaging for the presence of a positive LN were 39.1%, 34.8%, 30.4%, 34.8%, 21.7%, 56.5%, 43.5%, and 52.2%, and 52.1%, 45.1%, 78.9%, 57.7%, 83.1%, 90.1%, 93.0%, and 90.1%, respectively. Preoperative CA-125 (P < 0.001), LN metastasis on preoperative imaging (P < 0.001), and extrauterine spread on preoperative imaging (P = 0.009) were risk factors for LN metastasis on univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative CA-125 (P = 0.001) was the only independent risk factor for LN metastasis.ConclusionsPreoperative CA-125 is a preoperative predictive factor for LN metastasis in UPSC.
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Hong, Julian C., Jonathan Foote, Gloria Broadwater, Stéphanie Gaillard, Laura J. Havrilesky, and Junzo P. Chino. "Impact of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy on Management of Early Stage Clear Cell and Papillary Serous Carcinoma of the Uterus." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 27, no. 4 (May 2017): 720–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000926.

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ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess interaction of lymph node dissection (LND), adjuvant chemotherapy (CT), and radiotherapy (RT) in stage I uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) and uterine clear cell carcinoma (UCC).Methods/MaterialsThe National Cancer Data Base was queried for women diagnosed with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I UPSC and UCC from 1998 to 2012. Overall survival (OS) was estimated for combinations of RT and CT by the Kaplan-Meier method stratified by histology and LND. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were generated.ResultsUterine papillary serous carcinoma: 5432 women with UPSC were identified. Uterine papillary serous carcinoma had the highest 5-year OS with CT + RT with (83%) or without LND (76%). On multivariate analyses, CT [hazard ratio (HR), 0.77; P = 0.01] and vaginal cuff brachytherapy (HR, 0.68; P = 0.003) with LND were independently associated with OS. Without LND, vaginal cuff brachytherapy (HR, 0.53; P = 0.03), but not CT (HR, 1.21; P = 0.92), was associated with OS. Uterine clear cell carcinoma: 2516 women with UCC were identified. Uterine clear cell carcinoma with and without LND had comparable 5-year OS for all combinations of CT and RT on univariate and multivariate analyses.ConclusionsIn stage I papillary serous uterine cancer, brachytherapy and CT were associated with increased survival; however, the benefit of chemotherapy was limited to those with surgical staging. In contrast, no adjuvant therapy was associated with survival in stage I uterine clear cell carcinoma, and further investigation to identify more effective therapies is warranted.
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Growdon, Whitfield B., J. Jose A. Rauh-Hain, Adriana Cordon, Leslie Garrett, John O. Schorge, Annekathryn Goodman, David M. Boruta, Neil S. Horowitz, and Marcela G. del Carmen. "Prognostic Determinants in Patients With Stage I Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma: A 15-Year Multi-Institutional Review." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 22, no. 3 (March 2012): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0b013e31823c6e36.

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ObjectiveThe aim of this retrospective, multi-institutional study was to evaluate the importance of surgical staging for stage I uterine papillary serous carcinomas (UPSCs) to determine optimal management of this rare tumor.MethodsWith institutional review board approval from both participating institutions, all patients with 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I mixed serous and UPSC diagnosed between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2007, were identified at the 2 institutions. Clinical factors were correlated using Spearman correlation coefficients, Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsOf the 204 UPSC patients treated during this period, 84 were classified as stage I, with substages as follows: stage IA, n = 71; stage IB, n = 13. Thirty-seven patients (44%) had a history of a second cancer (22 breast tumors, 9 synchronous müllerian cancers). Surgical staging with at least hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection was performed in 60 (71%) of 84 patients. The median survival for all patients was 10 years. Univariate analysis revealed surgical staging (P < 0.001), normal preoperative CA-125 (P < 0.001), and absence of additional cancers (P < 0.01) to be associated with improved survival. Age-adjusted multivariate analysis incorporating these factors revealed that advancing substage (hazard ratio, 4.59; P < 0.05), a second malignancy (hazard ratio, 2.75; P < 0.04), and surgical staging (hazard ratio, 0.18; P < 0.001) were independent factors associated with overall survival. In a subset analysis excluding patients with a second malignancy, substage (hazard ratio, 3.52; P < 0.05), and surgical staging (hazard ratio, 0.16; P < 0.001) were independent factors affecting overall survival.ConclusionsIndependent of adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation, stage of disease, comprehensive surgical staging, and the presence of a second malignancy were predictors of overall survival.
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Huh, W. K. "What is the correct management of stage i UPSC?" International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 15, no. 2 (March 2005): 405–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.2005.abst_13.x.

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39

Hamilton, C. A., M. M. Zhang, J. K. Chan, M. K. Cheung, S. H. Thorne, J. Baker, C. H. Contag, and R. S. Negrin. "A preclinical study of cellular immunotherapy redirected by bispecific antibodies in uterine cell lines and primary cancer cells." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 15044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.15044.

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15044 Background: Cytokine induced killer cells (CIKs) are ex-vivo activated and expanded CD8+ natural killer T cells that have been shown to have cytotoxic activity against cancers in randomized clinical trials. We determined the cytotoxic activity of CIK cells against endometrioid and serous papillary (UPSC) uterine cancer cell lines and evaluated the ability of Trastuzumab and Her2xCD3 bispecific antibodies to enhance CIK-mediated cytotoxicity in Her2/neu expressing uterine cancer cells. Methods: The cytotoxicity of CIKs was quantified by 4-hour 51Cr release assays against uterine cell lines HEC-1A (endometrioid) and SPEC-2 (UPSC). Bispecific antibodies against Her2/neu (BSAbHer2) were designed using chemical conjugation methods. Results: Using FACS analysis, we found that the population of CD3+ CD8+ T cells increased from 24% to 56% over 21 days, while the CD3+ CD56+ T cells increased from 7% to 14%. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that both cell lines overexpressed Her2/neu. Cytotoxicity assays were performed at effector to target (E:T) ratios of 10:1, 20:1, 40:1 and 100:1 with increasing E:T ratio correlating directly with mean percent specific lysis. At the 100:1 E:T ratio, the mean percent lysis of CIKs against HEC-1A and SPEC-2 cells was 38.8% (±0.21) and 35% (±3.4), respectively. Trastuzumab did not affect the cytotoxic activity of CIKs. However, BSAbHer2 redirection significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of CIKs against HEC-1A and SPEC-2 cells with a mean percent lysis of 66.3% (±1.0) and 50% (±2.7), respectively. Anti-NKG2D antibodies significantly reduced CIK activity by 49% and 47% in HEC-1A and SPEC-2 cells, respectively. The effects of CIK on advanced uterine cancers were demonstrated using our in vivo bioluminescence imaging system. Conclusion: CIK cells have cytotoxic activity both endometriod and UPSC cell lines. Redirection by BSAbHer2 significantly increased CIK-cell mediated cytotoxicity against Her2/neu expressing cell lines. The mechanism of CIK cytotoxicity appears to be partly mediated by the NKG2D receptor. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Huh, W. K. "WHAT IS THE CORRECT MANAGEMENT OF STAGE I UPSC?: 0013." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 15, no. 2 (2005): 405.3–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200503000-00049.

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Bracchiglione, Javier, Gerardo Rodríguez-Grijalva, Carolina Requeijo, Marilina Santero, Josefina Salazar, Karla Salas-Gama, Adriana-Gabriela Meade, et al. "Systemic Oncological Treatments versus Supportive Care for Patients with Advanced Hepatobiliary Cancers: An Overview of Systematic Reviews." Cancers 15, no. 3 (January 26, 2023): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030766.

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Background: The trade-off between systemic oncological treatments (SOTs) and UPSC in patients with primary advanced hepatobiliary cancers (HBCs) is not clear in terms of patient-centred outcomes beyond survival. This overview aims to assess the effectiveness of SOTs (chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted/biological therapies) versus UPSC in advanced HBCs. Methods: We searched for systematic reviews (SRs) in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos and PROSPERO. Two authors assessed eligibility independently and performed data extraction. We estimated the quality of SRs and the overlap of primary studies, performed de novo meta-analyses and assessed the certainty of evidence for each outcome. Results: We included 18 SRs, most of which were of low quality and highly overlapped. For advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, SOTs showed better overall survival (HR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.55–0.77, high certainty for first-line therapy; HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.79–0.92, moderate certainty for second-line therapy) with higher toxicity (RR = 1.18, 95% CI 0.87–1.60, very low certainty for first-line therapy; RR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.28–1.96, low certainty for second-line therapy). Survival was also better for SOTs in advanced gallbladder cancer. No outcomes beyond survival and toxicity could be meta-analysed. Conclusion: SOTs in advanced HBCs tend to improve survival at the expense of greater toxicity. Future research should inform other patient-important outcomes to guide clinical decision making.
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42

Chambers, J. T., M. Merino, E. I. Kohorn, P. E. Peschel, and P. E. Schwartz. "Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) at Yale-New Haven Hospital (YNHH)." Gynecologic Oncology 23, no. 2 (February 1986): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-8258(86)90277-5.

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43

Kato, Daniel T., Judith A. Ferry, Annekathryn Goodman, Jana Sullinger, Robert E. Scully, Barbara A. Goff, Arlan F. Fuller, Jr., and Laurel W. Rice. "Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma (UPSC): A Clinicopathologic Study of 30 Cases." Gynecologic Oncology 59, no. 3 (December 1995): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/gyno.1995.9957.

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44

Gadducci, Angiolo, Stefania Cosio, Fabio Landoni, Tiziano Maggino, Paolo Zola, Luca Fuso, and Enrico Sartori. "Analysis of Treatment Failures and Survival of Patients With Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma: A Cooperation Task Force (CTF) Study." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 22, no. 8 (October 2012): 1355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0b013e318267f7a0.

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ObjectiveTo assess the pattern of failures and the survival of patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC).MethodsThe hospital records of 119 women with UPSC were reviewed. Surgery was the initial therapy for all the cases. The median follow-up of survivors was 133 months (range, 3–216 months).ResultsPostoperative treatment was used in 98 patients (82.4%). Adjuvant treatment was radiotherapy in 25 women, chemotherapy in 61 women, and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy in 12 women. Tumor recurred in 44 (37.0%) of the 119 patients, after a median time of 15.1 months. Relapse was symptomatic in 15 patients (34.1%), and recurrent disease involved peritoneum or distant sites in 26 (66.7%) of the 39 patients for whom the site of failure was known. Five- and 10-year survival rates were 61.8% and 54.6%, respectively. Survival was related to disease stage (P< 0.0001). Among patients with advanced tumor, 5-year survival was lower in women who had macroscopic residual disease after surgery than in those who had not (15.4% vs 37.5%;P= 0.08). Distant failures were higher in women with histologically proven positive nodes than in those with negative nodes (28.6% vs 9.1%;P= 0.048). There was a trend to better survival for patients with stage I to stage II disease who underwent chemotherapy when compared with those who did not.ConclusionsUterine papillary serous carcinoma has an aggressive clinical behavior with a great tendency to recur especially in peritoneal and distant sites. Tumor stage is a strong prognostic factor, whereas the role of adjuvant treatment is still uncertain.
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Choquejahua Olivera, Lizbet, Nilda Mabel Flores Chavez, Soledad Jackeline Zegarra Ugarte, Yolanda Pari Ccama, Jorge Lucio Onofre Chura, and Javier David Olivera Chura. "Clima organizacional y su relación con el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores administrativos de la universidad privada San Carlos 2020." Llamkasun 4, no. 2 (December 26, 2022): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47797/llamkasun.v4i2.122.

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La investigación denominada “Clima Organizacional y su relación con el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores administrativos de la Universidad Privada San Carlos, 2020”. con objetivo general: Establecer la relación del clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral en los trabajadores administrativos de la Universidad. Y objetivos específicos: Identificar la relación que existe entre la motivación y el desempeño laboral en los trabajadores administrativos de la UPSC Puno 2020. Y Determinar la relación que existe entre las relaciones sociales con el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores administrativos de la UPSC Puno 2020.Con hipótesis general: Existe relación significativa entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral en los trabajadores administrativos. Referente a la metodología el tipo de investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, tiene por método el Hipotético - deductivo, con diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. La población de estudio fue 92 trabajadores administrativos, con muestra no probabilística porque se trabajó con el total de la población. Para la recolección de datos se utilizará como técnica la encuesta y como herramienta el cuestionario en una escala de Likert. Los resultados señalan que el 46.7% de los trabajadores administrativos, muestra un alto nivel en el clima organizacional y un alto nivel en el desempeño. Se tiene una significancia p=0.00 el cual es menor a p=0.01 y un r=0.968 que corresponde a una correlación muy alta aceptándose la hipótesis alternativa. En conclusión, el clima organizacional se relaciona significativamente con el desempeño laboral en los trabajadores administrativos de la Universidad Privada San Carlos Puno 2020.
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46

La Fianza, Alfredo, Elisa Alberici, Enrico Maria Di Maggio, Lorenzo Preda, and Rodolfo Campani. "Multiple nodular metastases in mesenteric panniculitis by uterine papillary serous adenocarcinoma (upsc):." Clinical Imaging 23, no. 2 (March 1999): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-7071(98)00092-8.

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47

Slomovitz, Brian M., Thomas W. Burke, Patricia J. Eifel, Lois M. Ramondetta, Elvio G. Silva, Anuja Jhingran, Jonathan C. Oh, et al. "Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC): a single institution review of 129 cases." Gynecologic Oncology 91, no. 3 (December 2003): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2003.08.018.

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48

Fader, Amanda Nickles, David Starks, Paola A. Gehrig, Angeles Alvarez Secord, Heidi E. Frasure, David M. O'Malley, Erin R. Tuller, et al. "An updated clinicopathologic study of early-stage uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC)." Gynecologic Oncology 115, no. 2 (November 2009): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.07.030.

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49

Levenback, C., T. Burke, E. Silva, M. Morris, D. Gershenson, J. Kavanagh, and J. T. Wharton. "Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) treated with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (PAC)." Gynecologic Oncology 40, no. 2 (February 1991): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-8258(91)90215-q.

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50

Lev́enback, Charles, Thomas W. Burke, Elvio Silva, Mitchell Morris, David M. Gershenson, John J. Kavanagh, and J. Taylor Wharton. "Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) treated with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (PAC)." Gynecologic Oncology 46, no. 3 (September 1992): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-8258(92)90224-7.

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