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Academic literature on the topic 'UPS inverter'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "UPS inverter"

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Ahmed, Toqeer, Faizan Ahmad Khan, Asad Waqar, Shakir Mehmood, Hamza Shakeel, Shahzad Hassan, Tausif Zahid, and Qasim Awais. "Design and Implementation of PV Fed Local UPS Inverter." Pakistan Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 4 (December 16, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51846/vol4iss4pp1-8.

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Locally manufactured Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) units are purchased as an alternative to rolling blackouts and load shedding in underdeveloped and developing countries like Pakistan. These locally manufactured UPS units are energy-inefficient, causing stress on the national grid and cost-intensive for the residential consumer in the form of high utility bills of electricity. In this regard, the authors have proposed the PV fed local UPS inverter to make the existing UPS unit more efficient through photovoltaic (PV) energy without disrupting its function of providing uninterrupted supply during load-shedding hours. In order to validate the performance of the proposed PV fed local UPS inverter, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) PV charge controller module is designed and implemented practically in a hardware setup and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and Proteus environment, respectively. Moreover, the installation of an MPPT PV charge controller module in an existing locally manufactured UPS unit is also discussed. The practical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed PV fed local UPS inverter with an average efficiency of 81.51% and a lowest total harmonic distortion (THD) of 1.29% as compared to existing UPS inverters.
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Gunawardane, Kosala, Nalin Bandara, Kasun Subasinghage, and Nihal Kularatna. "Extending the Input Voltage Range of Solar PV Inverters with Supercapacitor Energy Circulation." Electronics 10, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10010088.

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Cleaner and greener energy sources have proliferated on a worldwide basis, creating distributed energy systems. Given the unreliable nature of the renewable sources such as solar and wind, they are traditionally based on inverters interfaced with legacy AC grid systems. While efficiency, output waveform quality and other technical specifications of inverters keep improving gradually, only limited attention is given to widening the input range of inverters. This paper presents a new supercapacitor assisted (SCA) technique to widen the input range of an inverter without modifying the inverter itself. Developing a prototype version of a 24 V DC input capable supercapacitor-assisted wide input (SCASWI) inverter using a supercapacitor circulation front end and a commercial 12 V DC line frequency inverter is detailed in the article, explaining how the SCASWI inverter technique doubles the input voltage while maintaining the useful characteristics of the commercial inverter. The new technique has the added advantage of DC-UPS capability based on a long-life supercapacitor module.
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Unruh, Peter, Maria Nuschke, Philipp Strauß, and Friedrich Welck. "Overview on Grid-Forming Inverter Control Methods." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 2589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102589.

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In this paper, different control approaches for grid-forming inverters are discussed and compared with the grid-forming properties of synchronous machines. Grid-forming inverters are able to operate AC grids with or without rotating machines. In the past, they have been successfully deployed in inverter dominated island grids or in uninterruptable power supply (UPS) systems. It is expected that with increasing shares of inverter-based electrical power generation, grid-forming inverters will also become relevant for interconnected power systems. In contrast to conventional current-controlled inverters, grid-forming inverters do not immediately follow the grid voltage. They form voltage phasors that have an inertial behavior. In consequence, they can inherently deliver momentary reserve and increase power grid resilience.
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Radika, P., and Subhranasu Sekar Dash. "Regenerative snubber for UPS inverter." International Journal of Power Electronics 2, no. 1 (2010): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpelec.2010.029500.

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5

Monfared, M. "A simplified control strategy for single-phase UPS inverters." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0037.

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Abstract Though there are many strategies to control single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverters, they suffer from some drawbacks, the main being complexity. This paper proposes a simple dual-loop controller for the single-phase UPS inverter with the LC filter. The suggested control scheme uses the capacitor current as the feedback signal in the inner current loop. No fictitious phase generation or reference frame transformations are required, and simple proportional gains are employed as both voltage and current regulators. A feedforward of the derivative of the output voltage is also proposed, which significantly improves the performance of the closed loop control system. Then, based on the model of the inverter with the proposed control strategy, a simple and systematic design procedure is presented. Finally, the theoretical achievements are supported by extensive simulations.
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Irwanto, Muhamad, M. Farreq, Sasongko P. Hadi, N. Gomesh, and Mohd Irwan Yusoff. "Photovoltaic Powered Uninterruptible Power Supply Using Microcontroller PIC16F628-I/P." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.914.

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Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) sits between a power supply such as wall outlet and devices to prevent undesired feature that can occur within the power source such as outages, sags, surges and bad harmonics from the supply to avoid a negative impact on the devices. This paper presents a photovoltaic (PV) powered UPS using microcontroller PIC16F628A-I/P. It is a standby UPS whereas if the main power source fails to supply power to loads, a battery powered inverter turns on to continue supplying power. The battery is charged by the PV using solar charger and transfer switch controlled by the microcontroller. The UPS was tested to a load of 240 V, 20 W AC aquarium water pump. The test result shows that the UPS perform well, when the main power source fails, the battery could power inverter and the microcontroller controls the transfer switch of the UPS inverter and the main power source.
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Khan, Hussain, Muhammad Aamir, Muhammad Ali, Asad Waqar, Syed Ali, and Junaid Imtiaz. "Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control for Parallel Connected Online UPS System under Unbalanced and Nonlinear Loads." Energies 12, no. 4 (February 13, 2019): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040581.

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In this paper, the finite control set model predictive control (FCS–MPC) technique-based controller is proposed for the inverter of the uninterrupted power supply (UPS) system. The proposed controller uses the mathematical model of the system to forecast the response of voltage for each possible switching state for every sampling instant. Following this, the cost function was used to determine the switching state, applied to the next sampling instant. First, the proposed control strategy was implemented for the single inverter of the UPS system. Finally, the droop control strategy was implemented for parallel inverters to guarantee actual power sharing among a multiple-parallel UPS system. To validate the performance of the proposed controller under steady-state conditions and dynamic-transient conditions, extensive simulations were conducted using MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed work shows a low computational burden, good steady state performance, fast transient response, and robust results against parameter disturbances as compared to linear control. The simulation results showed that total harmonic distortion (THD) for the linear load was 0.9% and THD for the nonlinear load was 1.42%.
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Pratama, Rheo Loridho, and Budi Sudiarto. "Karakteristik Disturbansi di Rentang Frekuensi 9-150 kHz Pada Sistem UPS Berbeban Induktif." CIRCUIT: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik Elektro 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/crc.v4i1.6276.

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In every UPS device there are power electronic components including inverters, therefore using an inverter will cause voltage disturbances at high frequency because the switching frequency of the inverter is at high frequency. Data recorded by the oscilloscope along with the Picolog Recorder software and processed by Matlab software to make it more efficient. Research conducted when the UPS uses dual conversion mode and with inductive load variations 0.35 H, 0.7 H, 1.4 H and 2.8 H. The test results show that voltage disturbances occur in three dominant frequency ranges at each level of load variations are 9-19 kHz, 20-30 kHz and 31-41 kHz. In the condition of 10% loading rate with a load of 0.35 H the peak voltage disturbances occur at 81.17 mV in frequency of 9.2 kHz and at the condition of the 75% loading rate with 2.8 H load the peak voltage disturbances that occur at 92.20 mV in frequency of 9.6 kHz. The disturbances voltage increases with the increasing of inductive loads that connected to UPS.
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Simran, Shainey, and Roshan Nayak. "Multi-level PWM Inverter for PV Systems Improving the THD." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 14, no. 02 (June 30, 2022): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v14i02.15.

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In the last few years, the use of semiconductors in the electronic market has increased a lot, due to which its utilization in power electronic devices has also increased greatly, including UPS, AC drives, HVDC transmission line rectifiers, inverters and many more. We categorize the inverter in many ways like diode line capacitor cascade h-bridge diode climb like this but we do voltage source inverter in two ways if we look like multi-level inverter then two-level inverter multi-level letter Maybe and we are using multi-level inverter here. In this paper, we are discussing the performance of second level inverter using space vector PWM and further using for mains performance using disposition multicarrier moderation. In this paper we are using fuzzy logic to control WM, the factors we are working out are the total harmonics distortion switching frequency switching losses and the number of switching devices. Here the complete simulation is using MATLAB/Simulink software.
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Singh, Asst Prof Ragini, and Dr Santosh Kumar Vishwakarma. "UPS Powered by Solar Renewal Energy." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46235.

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Abstract: This paper includes the research and development of a solar powered UPS in India’s electrical market to satisfy the alternate energy source requirements of homes and tiny offices. During this paper circuit configuration, inspection, research pattern used and also the findings of the market study. The planning of the solar UPS includes a specially designed inverter circuit and a solar battery. The inverter circuit has been designed in keeping with the wants of domestic needs. The paper shows study of possibilities of design and functionality of a solar powered UPS. It gives concept that solar UPS is a highly efficient and successful alternative to electrical UPSs within the electrical market. There are two parts during this research first one is solar array which converts solar power into voltage and second is solar inverter which converts DC into electricity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "UPS inverter"

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Oliveira, Lincoln Moura de. "A New Conception of Multilevel Inverter for UPS Application." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11289.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
This work deals with the theoretical analysis, design methodology and laboratory implementation of a 3kVA on-line mode Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) composed by a multilevel inverter based on a transformer with multiple secondaries and an active power factor correction input stage composed by a diode rectifier in series with a boost converter.The main motivation for this study is to assess the benefits of multilevel inverters in low power (<10kVA) applications. A 3kVA Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with output and input voltage of 220V and 60Hz, has been implemented. Simulation and experimental results for a single phase prototype are conducted to validate the proposed idea. The utilization of low frequency operation inverters promotes low EMI, lower switches stresses, very low commutation losses and consequently higher efficiency. The multilevel converter here used isolates the load from the grid due to the multi-windings transformer intrinsic to the topology. The on-line mode of the UPS (no battery mode) has been implemented. Simulation and experimental results for a single-phase prototype are presented to validate the proposed converter. The UPS presented an efficiency of 90%
Este trabalho apresenta a anÃlise teÃrica, metodologia de projeto e implementaÃÃo do modo rede de um sistema ininterrupto de energia (UPS) na configuraÃÃo on-line, utilizando um inversor multinÃvel e um prÃ-regulador com correÃÃo de fator de potÃncia. O inversor baseia-se num transformador que opera em baixa freqÃÃncia com mÃltiplos secundÃrios isolados, em que a tensÃo multinÃvel na saÃda à formada atravÃs da combinaÃÃo dos enrolamentos secundÃrios do transformador por chaves de potÃncia estÃticas operando em baixa freqÃÃncia. O prÃ-regulador à composto por uma ponte completa de diodos em sÃrie com um conversor boost. A motivaÃÃo para este estudo consiste em avaliar os benefÃcios da utilizaÃÃo de inversores multinÃveis em baixas potÃncias (<10kVA) em UPS, com Ãnfase nos rendimentos das topologias. A utilizaÃÃo do inversor multinÃvel operando em baixa freqÃÃncia garante menores Ãndices de EMI, menores esforÃos de tensÃo e corrente nos semicondutores da estrutura, desprezÃveis perdas por comutaÃÃo e consequentemente maior rendimento. A estrutura utilizada possui ainda a caracterÃstica de garantir isolamento galvÃnico da rede elÃtrica com a carga atravÃs da utilizaÃÃo do transformador intrÃnseco desta topologia. O prÃregulador possui uma topologia que garante facilidade de implementaÃÃo e alto rendimento. O modo rede de um sistema ininterrupto de energia de 3kVA com tensÃo de entrada e saÃda de 220V e 60Hz, foi implementado. As simulaÃÃes e os resultados experimentais para um protÃtipo monofÃsico sÃo apresentados para a validaÃÃo da estrutura. O rendimento mÃximo obtido para o protÃtipo foi de 90%.
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Mrázek, Petr. "Záložní zdroj (UPS)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221364.

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The thesis deals with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and associated problems of backup power in case of unexpected outages of electricity. Start of work is dedicated to limitation of the electricity supplies, as well as their causes and consequences. Furthermore, brief history of UPS and subsequently distinguish between UPS’s architectures. There is also a description of the energy sources such as batteries, flywheels or fuel cells. Part of thesis describes security of electricity supply in health care facilities, including requirements for emergency power. The own design of UPS is described in the end.
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Carvalho, Fabio Medeiros de. "Método alternativo para sintonia de múltiplos controladores ressonantes aplicados em sistemas ininterruptos de energia (Nobreak)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/75761.

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Este trabalho apresenta um método alternativo para sintonia de múltiplos controladores ressonantes aplicados aos sistemas ininterruptos de energia. A proposta do método é fornecer um conjunto de equações algébricas de simples aplicação que possibilite aos projetistas destes sistemas determinar os parâmetros dos controladores ressonantes com múltiplos modos. As equações apresentadas para determinação dos parâmetros do controlador foram obtidas diretamente com base nos parâmetros e nas características funcionais do inversor. Também nestas equações estão presentes constantes as quais garantem que todo o inversor cujo controlador for sintonizado pelo método atenda as especificações estabelecidas pela norma 60240-3. As constantes são determinadas através da formulação do problema por desigualdades matriciais lineares (LMI - Linear Matrix Inequalities) que levam em conta o equacionamento dinâmico do inversor e dos múltiplos controladores ressonantes. A solução do problema satisfaz simultaneamente a minimização do esforço de controle, onde foi empregada a formulação de custo garantido, juntamente com a localização dos polos de malha-fechada para toda a variação admissível de carga, formulada através do procedimento de D-Estabilidade.
This master thesis shows an alternative method for tuning multiple resonant controllers applied to uninterrupted power supply. The method is intended to provide a set of simple algebraic equations that enable designers of those systems to determine the parameters of the resonant controllers through multiple modes. The equations presented for determining the controller’s parameters were obtained directly based on the parameters and functional characteristics of the inverter. Additionally, constants that ensure that every inverter whose controller is attuned by the method meets the 60240-3 specifications norms can be found in these equations. The constants are determined based on the formulation of the problem through linear matrix inequalities (LMI) that take in consideration the dynamic of the inverter and of the multiple resonant controllers. The solution of the problem ensures both the needs for minimization of control efforts at guaranteed cost, along with the location of close-loop poles for every permissible load variation, formulated through the D-Stability procedure.
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Demirkutlu, Eyyup. "Output Voltage Control Of A Four-leg Inverter Based Three-phase Ups By Means Of Stationary Frame Resonant Filter Banks." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608151/index.pdf.

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A method for high performance output voltage control of a four-leg inverter based three-phase transformerless UPS is proposed. Voltage control loop is employed and the method employs stationary frame resonant filter controllers for the fundamental and harmonic frequency components. A capacitor current feedback loop provides active damping and enhances the output voltage dynamic performance. The controller design and implementation details are given. Linear and nonlinear loads for balanced and unbalanced load operating conditions are considered. The steadystate and dynamic performance of the UPS are investigated in detail. A scalar PWM method with implementation simplicity and high performance is proposed and implemented. The control and PWM methods are proven by means of theory, simulations, and experiments.
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Barden, Alisson Thomas. "Projeto e análise de controladores robustos aplicados a inversores trifásicos de fontes ininterruptas de energia (UPS)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/141945.

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O objetivo principal deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento de controladores robustos baseados no princípio do modelo interno, em referenciais síncrono e estacionário, para aplicação ao estágio de saída de uma fonte ininterrupta de energia (UPS) a fim de minimizar a distorção na tensão de saída causada pela conexão de cargas não lineares balanceadas e desbalanceadas. A formulação em referencial estacionário (abc) é realizada através da aplicação de controladores com múltiplos modos ressonantes, a fim de se estabelecer erro nulo ao seguimento de referência senoidal e rejeição de distúrbios na tensão de saída devido às correntes com elevado conteúdo harmônico drenadas pelas cargas. Além disso, o controle é formulado em referencial síncrono (dq0) utilizando controladores Proporcional-Integral (PI) convencionais muito difundidos na maioria das aplicações comerciais de UPS. O projeto de ambos controladores é realizado utilizando uma metodologia de controle robusto com realimentação de estados, onde os parâmetros dos controladores são determinados através da resolução de um problema de otimização convexa sujeito a um conjunto de restrições na forma de desigualdades matriciais lineares (LMI). Uma análise comparativa de desempenho é realizada entre controladores com um modo ressonante (sintonizado na fundamental) e o PI em dq0, pois apresentam estruturas funcionalmente equivalentes sob a ótica do princípio do modelo interno aplicada a seus respectivos referenciais. Além do mais, demonstra-se a melhoria no desempenho com o uso dos controladores múltiplo ressonantes em referencial estacionário onde escolhe-se as frequências de ressonância de cada modo de maneira a suprimir os efeitos de harmônicas específicas na tensão de saída da UPS. A análise comparativa entre os controladores propostos é realizada através de simulações numéricas, utilizando os procedimentos de ensaio dinâmico e estático e as exigências estabelecidas pela norma internacional IEC 62040-3.
The main objective of this work is the development of robust controllers based on the internalmodel principle, in synchronous and stationary frames, applied to the output stage of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), in order to minimize the output voltage distortion caused by the connection of balanced and unbalanced nonlinear loads. The formulation in stationary abc-frame is accomplished through the aplication of a multiple resonant controller, so that, it is possible to achieve zero-error tracking of the sinusoidal reference and disturbances rejection on the output voltage due to the high amount of harmonic currents drained by the loads. Moreover, a controller in synchronous reference frame (dq0 axis) is formulated through the application of conventional Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers which are widely used in comercial UPS applications. The design of both controllers is formulated using a state-feedback robust controlmethod, in which the controller parameters are determined by solving a convex optimization problem subject to a set of LMI constraints. A comparative analysis on the performance of the single-mode resonant controller (tuned at the fundamental frequency) and the PI controller is performed, because these controllers are functionally equivalent in the sense of the internal model principle applied to their respective frames. Furthermore, the improvement in performance is demostrated with the use of multiple resonant controllers in stationary abc-frame where the resonance frequencies are chosen to suppress the effects of a specific harmonic in the UPS output voltage. The comparative analysis of the proposed controllers is performed through numerical simulations, making use of the dynamical and steady-state test methods and performance requirements defined by the IEC 62040-3 international stardard.
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Wang, Kunrong. "High-Frequency Quasi-Single-Stage (QSS) Isolated AC-DC and DC-AC Power Conversion." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29394.

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The generic concept of quasi-single-stage (QSS) power conversion topology for ac-dc rectification and dc-ac inversion is proposed. The topology is reached by direct cascading and synchronized switching of two variety of buck or two variety of boost switching networks. The family of QSS power converters feature single-stage power processing without a dc-link low-pass filter, a unidirectional pulsating dc-link voltage, soft-switching capability with minimal extra commutation circuitry, simple PWM control, and high efficiency and reliability. A new soft-switched single-phase QSS bi-directional inverter/rectifier (charger) topology is derived based on the QSS power conversion concept. A simple active voltage clamp branch is used to clamp the otherwise high transient voltage on the current-fed ac side, and at the same time, to achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) for the switches in the output side bridge. Seamless four-quadrant operation in the inverter mode, and rectifier operation with unity power factor in the charger (rectifier) mode are realized with the proposed uni-polar center-aligned PWM scheme. Single-stage power conversion, standard half-bridge connection of devices, soft-switching for all the power devices, low conduction loss, simple center-aligned PWM control, and high reliability and efficiency are among its salient features. Experimental results on a 3 kVA bi-directional inverter/rectifier prototype validate the reliable operation of the circuit. Other single-phase and three-phase QSS bi-directional inverters/rectifiers can be easily derived as topological extensions of the basic QSS bi-directional inverter/rectifier. A new QSS isolated three-phase zero-voltage/zero-current-switching (ZVZCS) buck PWM rectifier for high-power off-line applications is also proposed. It consists of a three-phase buck bridge switching under zero current and a phase-shift-controlled full-bridge with ZVZCS, while no intermediate dc-link is involved. Input power and displacement factor control, input current shaping, tight output voltage regulation, high-frequency transformer isolation, and soft-switching for all the power devices are realized in a unified single stage. Because of ZVZCS and single-stage power conversion, it can operate at high switching frequency while maintaining reliable operation and achieving higher efficiency than standard two-stage approaches. A family of isolated ZVZCS buck rectifiers are obtained by incorporating various ZVZCS schemes for full-bridge dc-dc converters into the basic QSS isolated buck rectifier topology. Experimental and simulation results substantiate the reliable operation and high efficiency of selected topologies. The concept of charge control (or instantaneous average current control) of three-phase buck PWM rectifiers is introduced. It controls precisely the average input phase currents to track the input phase voltages by sensing and integrating only the dc rail current, realizes six-step PWM, and features simple implementation, fast dynamic response, excellent noise immunity, and is easy to realize with analog circuitry or to integrate. One particular merit of the scheme is its capability to correct any duty-cycle distortion incurred on only one of the two active duty-cycles which often happens in the soft-switched buck rectifiers, another merit is the smooth transition of the input currents between the 60o sectors. Simulation and preliminary experimental results show that smooth operations and high quality sinusoidal input currents in the full line cycle are achieved with the control scheme.
Ph. D.
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7

Eliáš, Marek. "DC/DC měnič pro záložní zdroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402133.

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This thesis deals with the design of a DC/DC converter designed for charging supercapacitors from the 36 V voltage source and consequent back transformation of supercapacitors voltage to the required output voltage. In the thesis the designs of decreasing and increasing DC/DC converters including schematics and calculations of individual components are presented and described. The calculations necessary for the supercapacitors to meet the 10Wh energy condition and the voltage balancer on the capacitors are given below. Completely designed equipment will be assembled and tested on supercapacitors with lower energy.
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Mrázek, Petr. "Záložní zdroj." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400554.

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The thesis deals with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and associated problems of backup power in case of unexpected outages of electricity. Start of work is dedicated to limitation of the electricity supplies, as well as their causes and consequences. Furthermore, brief history of UPS and subsequently distinguish between UPS’s architectures. There is also a description of the energy sources such as batteries, flywheels or fuel cells. Part of thesis describes security of electricity supply in health care facilities, including requirements for emergency power. The own design of UPS is described in the end.
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9

Khan, Muhammad Zafar Ullah. "Microprocessor controlled PWM inverters for UPS applications." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1989. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/28190.

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This thesis describes the implementation of microprocessor controlled single-phase and three-phase inverters for UPS applications. A carrier frequency of 18 kHz is employed in both cases, and the PWM pulses are generated directly by the microprocessor using the regular-sampled symmetric PWM strategy. Single-edge modulation as well as double-edge modulation has been implemented for single-phase and three-phase systems. Since in general, software implementation of PWM strategies require precalculated pulse width values, a scheme is proposed which enables the large quantity of such data to be handled efficiently. The scheme involves the use of a small program for calculating and transferring the data to the memory of the controller.
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10

Cetinkaya, Suleyman. "Repetitive Control Of A Three-phase Uninterruptible Power Supply With Isolation Transformer." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608150/index.pdf.

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A repetitive control method for output voltage control of a three phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) with isolation transformer is investigated. In the method voltage control loop is employed in the stationary dq frame. The controller eliminates the periodic errors on the output voltages due to inverter voltage nonlinearity and load disturbances. The controller design and implementation details are given. The controller is implemented on a 5-kVA UPS prototype which is constructed in laboratory. Linear and nonlinear loads for balanced and unbalanced load operating conditions are considered. The steady-state and dynamic performance of the control method are investigated in detail. The theory of the control strategy is verified by means of simulations and experiments.
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Books on the topic "UPS inverter"

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Skinner, A. J. Four quadrant inverter technologies for high frequency UPS. Leatherhead, Surrey, England: ERA Technology, 1992.

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2

Khan, Muhammad Zafar Ullah. Microprocessor controlled PWM inverters for UPS applications. 1989.

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3

Datz, Stephen R. 1992 Errors: Inverts Imperforates Colors Omitted on U.S. Postage Stamps. General Trade Corporation, 1992.

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Shuy, Roger W. Deceptive Ambiguity in Language Elements of the Inverted Pyramid. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190669898.003.0008.

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This chapter provides an overview of the uses of deceptive ambiguity by representatives of the government, including police, prosecutors, undercover agents, and complainants. The chapter summarizes the findings of the preceding chapters under the six categories of speech events, schemas, agendas, speech acts, conversational strategies, and lexicon/grammar. These language elements make up what is referred to here as the Inverted Pyramid, a sequential approach to analyzing language evidence that is used by representatives of the government during their criminal investigations, hearings, and trials. These six language elements, when viewed as a whole, range from larger language units to smaller ones and provide the discourse context in which the government’s perceptions of smoking gun evidence must be seen.
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United States. General Accounting Office., ed. PROTEST OF DLA CONTRACT AWARD FOR POWER INVERTERS... 158179, B-275389... U.S. GAO... FEBRUARY 14, 1997. [S.l: s.n., 1998.

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U.S. Errors: Inverts, Imperforates, and Colors Omitted on United States Postage Stamps 1988. General Trade Corporation, 1987.

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Datz, Stephen R. 1992 Errors: Inverts, Imperforates, Colors Omitted on U.S. Postage Stamps (Catalogue of Errors on Us Postage Stamps). 4th ed. General Philatelic Corp, 1991.

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Hutchinson, Mark P. From Reverse to Inverse to Omni-Nodal Dissenting Protestant Mission. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198702252.003.0015.

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This chapter traces the shift from unidirectional Protestant foreign missions at the beginning of the twentieth century to globalized missionary efforts at the end of the century, often fuelled by global migration patterns. These can originate in any country or culture, and end up (along relatively predicable paths dictated by rational markets in education, migration, business, and national interest) in almost any other country. The chapter compares the ‘World Missionary Conference 1910’ in Edinburgh with the 1989 ‘Global Consultation on World Evangelization’ held in Manila, as ‘bookends’ for a period of rapid change and indigenization of Christianity around the world. It points to four key vectors as determinative: the rise of short-term missional experientialism, the co-option of non-missionary globalized settings, diasporic mission, and conversion as resistance. The counter-logical global upsurge of grass-roots Christianity after Edinburgh 1910 demonstrates that people appropriating new futures start from where they are, and go to unpredictable places.
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Amussen, Susan D. Cuckold’s Haven. Edited by Malcolm Smuts. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660841.013.30.

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This chapter uses the cuckold, the man whose wife is unfaithful, to explore connections between gender and the important theme of inversion in early modern popular culture. The cuckold reminds us that the social challenge of inversion was as much the result of the failure of superiors to govern properly as the misbehaviour of women and other subordinates. By examining popular practice in skimmingtons, libels, and insults, symbolic expressions of cuckoldry such as horns, and depictions of cuckolds in popular literary culture, including jestbooks proverbs, ballads, and theatre, this essay shows how cuckold humour was used to contain anxieties about disorder in early modern society. It also explores how inverted gender relationships were connected by early modern imaginations to political abuses and conflicts.
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Greyser, Naomi. Plotting Maidens and Traitors. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190460983.003.0005.

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This chapter maps sympathy’s place in the emplotment of what became known as the “New Southwest” after the U.S.–Mexican War. The chapter reads sympathy in the work of María Amparo Ruiz de Burton and Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins, who opposed U.S. settlers plotting out the American West. In Life Among the Piutes, Hopkins countered the proposals that would eventually become the Dawes Act of 1887, which prescribed allotment (parceling land for tribesmembers’ individual ownership) and severalty (stripping Native Americans of tribal citizenship). She guides Anglo readers in understanding “love thy neighbor as thyself” as a principle best expressed from far away. After Gwin’s Land Law of 1851, de Burton lost a fortune defending her family’s rancho against U.S. squatters. In The Squatter and the Don, she inverts the stock character of the “sad” Mexicano to associate U.S. Americans with tears and grief through the figures of the white railroad baron, corrupt lawyer, and settler citizen.
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Book chapters on the topic "UPS inverter"

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Abdullah, Muhammad Faizal, Shahid Iqbal, and Dahaman Ishak. "A Novel Bidirectional Two-Stage Inverter Based UPS System." In 9th International Conference on Robotic, Vision, Signal Processing and Power Applications, 835–41. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1721-6_90.

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Xuan, Guoli, Wenrui Li, Dawei Li, Jing Xu, Xiangluan Dong, and Bo Sun. "Optimization of UPS Output Waveform Based on Single-Phase Bridge Inverter." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 147–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31129-2_14.

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Bolat, Emine Doğru, and H. Metin Ertunç. "Implementation of Current Mode Fuzzy-Tuning PI Control of Single Phase UPS Inverter Using DSP." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 600–607. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11552451_82.

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Bolat, Emine Doğru. "DSP Based Implementation of Current Mode Fuzzy Gain Scheduling of PI Controller for Single Phase UPS Inverter." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 841–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11892960_101.

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Błachuta, Marian, Zbigniew Rymarski, Robert Bieda, Krzysztof Bernacki, and Rafal Grygiel. "Continuous-Time Approach to Discrete-Time PID Control for UPS Inverters - A Case Study." In Intelligent Information and Database Systems, 170–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41964-6_15.

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Makdisie, Carlo Joseph, and Marah Fadl Mariam. "Applied Power Electronics." In Handbook of Research on New Solutions and Technologies in Electrical Distribution Networks, 322–61. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1230-2.ch017.

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Power Electronics is the study of switching electronic devices and circuits to convert and control the flow of electrical energy. Power Electronics is the basic technology of switching power supplies, power converters, power inverters, motor drives, and motor soft starters. Inverters are devices that transform DC input into fixed AC output through changing the trigger angle, in the ideal statues the output wave form is perfect sine wave, however in the practical case it has some higher harmonics that need to be reduced. Inverters are an important part of UPS systems, fully explained in this chapter, where UPSs are uninterruptible Power Supply in which the inverters are included as an essential part, that can provide emergency power to a load when the input power source or main power source fails.
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Kanore, Lalit, and Priti Masatkar. "Power to Transform." In Indian Business Case Studies Volume III, 91–96. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192869395.003.0010.

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Abstract Rishab Industries was established in 2002 by Mr Jagmohan Singh, a technocrat and entrepreneur as a design and manufacturing house for Magnetic Wound Components in Pune. In its journey of 17 years, Rishab Industries has emerged as a leading channel partner for designing and manufacturing of specifically made to order wound components for top manufacturers of UPS in India. Rishab Industry products are a part of its customers products exported to more than 20 countries. Rishab makes transformers and chokes from an inherent and important part of the end products viz. UPS, solar inverters, isolation cubicles, and SCVS. Core strength: Design manufacture and supply of transformers with or without covers chokes. Servo controlled voltage stabilizers, battery chargers, switch board cabinets, and panels for power controls protection under slung for industrial and infrastructural applications.
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Pachpande, Sandeep, Asha Pachpande, and J. A. Kulkarni. "Can SpiceJet Be Resurrected?" In Indian Business Case Studies Volume I, 135–42. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192869371.003.0015.

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Abstract From a healthy Rs 800 crores in 2010, created over a five-year period to a loss of Rs 1003 crores in four years by 2014, SpiceJet a private airliner in India did an inverted V within less than a decade, nine years to be precise. This roller coaster ride downwards occurred in the absence of its creator Mr Ajay Singh. SpiceJet seems to flourish whenever he is at the helm of its operations. This case study documents the ups and downs of the carrier and the challenge Mr Ajay Singh has taken up to turn around the commuter airline.
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Schillinger, Henrik, and Arne Sönnichsen. "The American Hello." In Fighting for the Future, 221–42. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621761.003.0013.

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This chapter will discuss how Discovery either reproduces, criticizes, or subverts established U.S. representations of diplomacy. The results will provide some leads on whether Discovery lives up to Star Trek’s progressive worldview. Revisiting Iver B. Neumann’s argument, this chapter argues that Discovery’s pilot episode can be viewed as a critical reflection on how the difference between idealist (“We come in peace”) and realist (a “Vulcan Hello”) approaches to diplomacy become blurred from the inverted perspective of the (Klingon) Other. However, over the further course of the season, Discovery loses its reflexive perspective on the ambiguity of diplomacy and settles for demonstrative idealism. The chapter discusses whether Discovery in its adaptation of a demonstrative ‘idealism’ subverts U.S. representations of diplomacy in the light of paradigmatic shifts after 9/11, or whether it reproduces the ambiguity of ‘realist’/’idealist’ representations, ultimately legitimizing the use of force for supposed higher ends.
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Rechtschaffen, Alan N. "Asset Valuation." In Capital Markets, Derivatives, and the Law, 111–20. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879631.003.0008.

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This chapter begins with a discussion of the use of interest rates in asset valuation. During the Great Recession, the Federal Reserve has navigated U.S. interest rates lower by first reducing the target for the federal funds rate to zero, and then engaging in a process of quantitative easing by purchasing longer-term securities. The effect of the Federal Reserve's actions has been to lower interest rates that affect valuation models across all assets and investments. The chapter then discusses interest rate yield curve, covering the types of yield curves, why the yield curve may be flat or inverted, the increase in market demand for long-term securities, and long-term yield affected by Federal Reserve monetary policy.
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Conference papers on the topic "UPS inverter"

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Senthilkumar, R., R. Bharanikumar, and Jovitha Jerom. "Z-source inverter for UPS application." In 2007 International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems (ICIAS). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icias.2007.4658504.

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Li, Lihua, Keyue Smedley, and Taotao Jin. "New Three-phase Inverter for UPS application." In Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Forty-First IAS Annual Meeting. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ias.2006.256762.

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Rasool, Emad, and Mohamed Darwish. "High frequency inverter circuit for UPS systems." In 2012 47th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/upec.2012.6398602.

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Guerrero, de Vicuna, Miret, Matas, and Castilla. "Integral control technique for single-phase UPS inverter." In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics ISIE-02. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2002.1025931.

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Li, Jiangwei, Chenchen Wang, Leigang Nie, Peng Wang, Qingchen Wang, Haibo Bao, and Shichuan Ding. "Model Predictive Control of an Inverter in UPS System." In 2019 14th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2019.8834028.

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Yang, Qian, Mingming Guo, and Jianhua Dou. "Design of UPS Inverter Control System Based on DSP." In 2015 International conference on Applied Science and Engineering Innovation. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/asei-15.2015.337.

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Xuesheng, Zheng, Li Chunwen, Tang Honghai, and Rong Yuanjie. "Robust Tracking Control for Output Voltage of UPS Inverter." In 2007 Chinese Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2006.4347302.

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Olranthichachat, Piyapong, Monthol Fak-aim, and Narong Trakul. "Genetic Algorithm based Robust Control for UPS Inverter Control." In Power and Energy Systems. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2013.800-140.

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Unan, Sinan, Haluk Gorgun, and Faruk Bakan. "Disturbance observer based control of three phase UPS inverter." In Automation (MED 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/med.2010.5547688.

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Kulka, Arkadiusz, and Tore Undeland. "Voltage harmonic control of Z-source inverter for UPS applications." In 2008 13th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (EPE/PEMC 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epepemc.2008.4635339.

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Reports on the topic "UPS inverter"

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Ciezki, John G., and Robert W. Ashton. The Control of Parallel-Connected Inverters for U.S. Navy Shipboard Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399297.

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Reiter, Emerson, Kristen Ardani, Robert Margolis, and Ryan Edge. Industry Perspectives on Advanced Inverters for U.S. Solar Photovoltaic Systems. Grid Benefits, Deployment Challenges, and Emerging Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1225352.

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Миненко, П. А. Обратная нелинейная задача гравиметрии на основе аналогов фильтров Винера–Калмана. Нацiональна академiя наук України, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/5214.

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An iterative method of solution of a nonlinear inverse problem of gravimetry on the basis of the joint application of several cards of the measured field and several vectors of entry conditions for depths up to blocks of rocks in one iteration is developed. Examples of the interpretation of the gravitational field measured in the Western Krivbass are given.
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Jiang, Zhiping, Ao Zhang, Shuxing Wang, Quanlei Ren, and Yizhu Wang. Prognostic value of ASXL1 mutations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia: A meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0013.

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Review question / Objective: A meta-analysis was performed to investigate prognostic value of ASXL1 mutations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Condition being studied: Some MDS or AML patients have ASXL1 mutations while others haven’t. Main outcome(s): We used OS as the primary endpoint and AML transformation as the secondary endpoint. OS was defined as either death (failure) or survival at the last follow-up. AML transformation was defined as starting when the patient entered the trial and proceeding to the time of AML diagnosis.Combined HRs and 95% CIs for OS and AML transformation were used to evaluate the prognostic effect of ASXL1 mutations using the generic inverse variance method.
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Karnieli, Arnon, Andrew N. French, Lahouari Bounoua, Alon Ben-Gal, and Marc Imhoff. Evaluating and predicting water consumption by irrigated agriculture in the semi-arid regions of Israel and the U.S.: inverse biophysical modeling utilizing spaceborne imagery. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597915.bard.

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Upadhyaya, Shrini, Dan Wolf, William J. Chancellor, Itzhak Shmulevich, and Amos Hadas. Traction-Soil Compaction Tradeoffs as a Function of Dynamic Soil-Tire Interation Due to Varying Soil and Loading Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612832.bard.

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The objectives of this study were to investigate soil-pneumatic tire interaction and develop traction-soil compaction prediction model. We have developed an inverse solution technique that employs a response surface methodology to determine engineering properties of soil in-situ. This technique is useful in obtaining actual properties of soil in-situ for use in traction and soil compaction studies rather than using the values obtained in the laboratory by employing remolded and/or disturbed soil samples. We have conducted extensive field tests i the U.S. to develop semi-empirical traction prediction equation for radial ply tires. A user friendly traction-soil compaction program was developed to predict tractive ability of radial ply tires using several different techniques and to estimate soil compaction induced by these tires. A traction prediction model that incorporates strain rate effects on the tractive ability of tires was developed in Israel. A mobile single wheel tester and an in-situ soil test device were developed i Israel to significantly enhance the ability of Israeli investigators to conduct traction-soil compaction research. This project has resulted in close cooperation between UCD, Technion, and ARO, which will be instrumental in future collaboration.
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Lucas, Brian. Impacts of Trade Facilitation on Carbon Emissions. Institute of Development Studies, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.039.

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There is very little evidence that trade facilitation measures have a significant impact on carbon emissions, except in the case of trucks at land border crossings, where there is good evidence that trade facilitation can lead to significant reductions in emissions. There is good evidence that trade facilitation measures at land border crossings can reduce traffic congestion and waiting times for trucks, but only limited evidence of the impact of these improvements on carbon emissions. Computer models of inspection stations at the USA-Mexico border suggest that improving the efficiency of land border crossings through the driver, vehicle, and cargo pre-registration, automating inspection and administrative processes, and carrying out joint customs inspections could potentially reduce CO2 emissions from trucks by up to 86% in some cases. There appears to be no evidence available about whether trade facilitation efforts at seaports have an impact on carbon emissions; this issue appears to not have been studied by any ports, international agencies, or researchers. Some seaports have produced estimates of their carbon footprints, but none appear to have considered customs inspection or other activities related to trade facilitation as a distinct activity. Very few studies address the impacts of trade facilitation on carbon emissions across global value chains. Two studies that have done so suggest that trade facilitation measures could lead to small increases in CO2 emissions, ranging from less than 0.1% to 2.23%. Studies examining the more general relationship between increasing trade and carbon emissions, without specifically focusing on trade facilitation measures, have found mixed results including positive, negative, and inverse U-shaped relationships in different countries and groups of countries; several of these studies suggest that a country’s level of economic development and quality of political institutions influence the relationship between trade openness and carbon emissions.
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Ayala, David, Ashley Graves, Colton Lauer, Henrik Strand, Chad Taylor, Kyle Weldon, and Ryan Wood. Flooding Events Post Hurricane Harvey: Potential Liability for Dam and Reservoir Operators and Recommendations Moving Forward. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.floodingpostharvey.

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When Hurricane Harvey hit the Texas coast as a category 4 hurricane on August 25, 2017, it resulted in $125 billion in damage, rivaling only Hurricane Katrina in the amount of damage caused. It also resulted in the deaths of 88 people and destroyed or damaged 135,000 homes. Much of that devastation was the result of flooding. The storm dumped over 27 trillion gallons of rain over Texas in a matter of days. Some parts of Houston received over 50 inches of rainfall. The potential liability that dam and reservoir operators may face for decisions they make during storm and flooding events has now become a major concern for Texas citizens and its elected officials. Law suits have now been instituted against the federal government for its operation of two flood control reservoirs, as well as against the San Jacinto River Authority for its operation of a water supply reservoir. Moreover, the issues and concerns have been placed on the agenda of a number of committees preparing for the 2019 Texas legislative session. This report reviews current dam and reservoir operations in Texas and examines the potential liability that such operators may face for actions and decisions taken in response to storm and flooding events. In Section III, the report reviews dam gate operations and differentiates between water supply reservoirs and flood control reservoirs. It also considers pre-release options and explains why such actions are disfavored and not recommended. In Section IV, the report evaluates liabilities and defenses applicable to dam and reservoir operators. It explains how governmental immunity can limit the exposure of state and federally-run facilities to claims seeking monetary damages. It also discusses how such entities could be subject to claims of inverse condemnation, which generally are not subject to governmental immunity, under Texas law as well as under the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In addition, the Section discusses negligence and nuisance claims and concludes that plaintiffs asserting either or both of these claims will have difficulty presenting successful arguments for flooding-related damage and harm against operators who act reasonably in the face of storm-related precipitation. Finally, Section V offers recommendations that dam and reservoir operators might pursue in order to engage and educate the public and thereby reduce the potential for disputes and litigation. Specifically, the report highlights the need for expanded community outreach efforts to engage with municipalities, private land owners, and the business community in flood-prone neighborhoods both below and above a dam. It also recommends implementation of proactive flood notification procedures as a way of reaching and alerting as many people as possible of potential and imminent flooding events. Finally, the report proposes implementation of a dispute prevention and minimization mechanism and offers recommendations for the design and execution of such a program.
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Liu, Zhanjiang John, Rex Dunham, and Boaz Moav. Developmental and Evaluation of Advanced Expression Vectors with Both Enhanced Integration and Stable Expression for Transgenic Farmed Fish. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585196.bard.

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The objectives of the project were to develop expression vectors using the Sleeping Beauty transposon technology and the genetic border elements to provide both enhanced integration rate and stable transgene expression, and to evaluate the application of such vectors in farmed fish such as catfish and carp. The panel recommended adding the objective of evaluating the endogenous transposable elements, particularly in catfish, in order to evaluate the applicability of the expression vectors while reduc1ng efforts in real production of transgenic fish considering the focus of the project was to develop the vector and evaluation of its applicability, not producing transgenic fish. Efficient production of transgenic farmed fish is hindered by two major problems: mosaicism due to delayed integration after single-cell stage, and silencing of transgene expression. In this project, we proposed to combat these problems by coupling the Sleeping Beauty transposon technology that can enhance integration rate and the border elements that can insulate transgene from position effect. Our major objective was to develop a new generation of expression vector that contains both of these elements. We have developed expression vectors containing both the Sleeping Beauty transposon signals, inverted repeats and direct repeats (IR and DR, respectively), and the border elements, scs and scs'. Growth hormone minigene has been cloned into this vector for applications of such vectors in growth enhancement. Luc reporter gene has been also cloned into this vector cascades for relative easy evaluation of transgene expression. Transgenic fish have been produced using these expression vectors in both catfish (US) and carp (Israel). Much effort was also devoted to evaluation of the endogenous transposable elements in catfish as recommended by the BARD grant panel. Multiple families of Tcl-like transposons were identified from catfish. Surprisingly, many Tc I-related transcripts were identified. Among these transcripts, both the sense and antisense transcripts were present. Some of the transcripts may be useful for development of novel transposase-based technology for aquaculture applications in the future. This project has both scientific and aquaculture implications. First, to develop expression vectors containing both IR/DR and scs/scs' repeated elements have been reported being extremely technically difficult due to excision of the repeated sequences by the E. coli host during cloning processes. We have successfully constructed this advanced vector that contained very complex cascades for both gene integration and gene regulation. We have produced transgenic fish using such vectors. This advanced expression vector should be useful for production of transgenic fish. By simply replacing the growth hormone gene, any gene of interest can be readily inserted in this vector. Thus this vector should provide technological possibility for early integration and stable expression of any economically important genes in aquaculture. We have also evaluated the applications of the Sleeping Beauty-based vectors in terms of the impact of gene size and found that the size of trans gene drastically affects transposition. The system will be only useful for transferring genes smaller than 5.6 kb. We have also identified novel transposase-related transcripts that may be useful for the development of novel transposase-based technologies for general scientific research and for aquaculture applications.
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Hodul, M., H. P. White, and A. Knudby. A report on water quality monitoring in Quesnel Lake, British Columbia, subsequent to the Mount Polley tailings dam spill, using optical satellite imagery. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330556.

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In the early morning on the 4th of August 2014, a tailings dam near Quesnel, BC burst, spilling approximately 25 million m3 of runoff containing heavy metal elements into nearby Quesnel Lake (Byrne et al. 2018). The runoff slurry, which included lead, arsenic, selenium, and vanadium spilled through Hazeltine Creek, scouring its banks and picking up till and forest cover on the way, and ultimately ended up in Quesnel Lake, whose water level rose by 1.5 m as a result. While the introduction of heavy metals into Quesnel Lake was of environmental concern, the additional till and forest cover scoured from the banks of Hazeltine Creek added to the lake has also been of concern to salmon spawning grounds. Immediate repercussions of the spill involved the damage of sensitive environments along the banks and on the lake bed, the closing of the seasonal salmon fishery in the lake, and a change in the microbial composition of the lake bed (Hatam et al. 2019). In addition, there appears to be a seasonal resuspension of the tailings sediment due to thermal cycling of the water and surface winds (Hamilton et al. 2020). While the water quality of Quesnel Lake continues to be monitored for the tailings sediments, primarily by members at the Quesnel River Research Centre, the sample-and-test methods of water quality testing used, while highly accurate, are expensive to undertake, and not spatially exhaustive. The use of remote sensing techniques, though not as accurate as lab testing, allows for the relatively fast creation of expansive water quality maps using sensors mounted on boats, planes, and satellites (Ritchie et al. 2003). The most common method for the remote sensing of surface water quality is through the use of a physics-based semianalytical model which simulates light passing through a water column with a given set of Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs), developed by Lee et al. (1998) and commonly referred to as a Radiative Transfer Model (RTM). The RTM forward-models a wide range of water-leaving spectral signatures based on IOPs determined by a mix of water constituents, including natural materials and pollutants. Remote sensing imagery is then used to invert the model by finding the modelled water spectrum which most closely resembles that seen in the imagery (Brando et al 2009). This project set out to develop an RTM water quality model to monitor the water quality in Quesnel Lake, allowing for the entire surface of the lake to be mapped at once, in an effort to easily determine the timing and extent of resuspension events, as well as potentially investigate greening events reported by locals. The project intended to use a combination of multispectral imagery (Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2), as well as hyperspectral imagery (DESIS), combined with field calibration/validation of the resulting models. The project began in the Autumn before the COVID pandemic, with plans to undertake a comprehensive fieldwork campaign to gather model calibration data in the summer of 2020. Since a province-wide travel shutdown and social distancing procedures made it difficult to carry out water quality surveying in a small boat, an insufficient amount of fieldwork was conducted to suit the needs of the project. Thus, the project has been put on hold, and the primary researcher has moved to a different project. This document stands as a report on all of the work conducted up to April 2021, intended largely as an instructional document for researchers who may wish to continue the work once fieldwork may freely and safely resume. This research was undertaken at the University of Ottawa, with supporting funding provided by the Earth Observations for Cumulative Effects (EO4CE) Program Work Package 10b: Site Monitoring and Remediation, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, through the Natural Resources Canada Research Affiliate Program (RAP).
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