Relevant bibliographies by topics / Upper middle class rich

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Academic literature on the topic 'Upper middle class rich'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 31 August 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Upper middle class rich"

1

Maguire, Jennifer Smith. "MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS of the NOUVEAUX RICHES and the CULTURAL CONSTITUTION of the GLOBAL MIDDLE CLASS." Cultural Politics 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-7289472.

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The article offers a distinctive account of how the nouveaux riches serve as an anchor for a range of upper- middle- class ambivalences and anxieties associated with transformations of capitalism and shifting global hierarchies. Reflecting the long- term association of middle- class symbolic boundaries with notions of refinement and respectability, it examines how the discourse of civility shapes how the nouveaux riches are represented to the upper middle class, identifying a number of recurrent media frames and narrative tropes related to vulgarity, civility, and order. The author argues that these representations play a central role in the reproduction of the Western professional middle class, and in the cultural constitution of a global middle class — professional, affluent, urban, and affiliated by an aesthetic regime of civility that transcends national borders. The findings underline the significance of representations of the new super- rich as devices through which the media accomplish the global circulation of an upper- middle- class repertoire of cultural capital, which is used both to police shifting class boundaries and to establish a legitimate preserve for univorous snobbishness.
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Gusti Ayu Made Rai Suarniti. "Sociological Analysis of the Important Characters in Kevin Kwan’s Crazy Rich Asians." RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 7, no. 2 (October 19, 2021): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.7.2.3037.157-165.

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This research is about the sociological problems of five important characters in Kevin Kwan’s Crazy Rich Asian. Rachel Chu is the main character in this story comes from the middle class society. She has a relationships with Nicholas Young who comes from the upper class society. They face a lot of problems especially from Nicholas’s family who doesn’t agree with their relationships. Different society influences the character of someone. That’s why this research is aimed to find out the types of social class and the influence of social class on the character that showed in the story. The data were collected by reading the novel thoroughly then using the note-taking technique before being identified based on the topic. The collected data were descriptively analyzed by using qualitative-descriptive method to classify the types of social class and the influence of social class on the character that found in this novel. Based on the result of the research, it is found that there are three kinds of social class in Kevin Kwan’s Crazy Rich Asian, those are: Upper class, Middle class and Working class. Rachel Chu who comes from the middle class society has a simple personality. She prefers to save her money for food though she is a lecturer in university rather than her boy friend, Nicholas Young who comes from the worthy family. Nick’s family are also live glamor in Singapore. They spend a lot of money for fashion and jewelry. It much different with Rachel’s mom ( Kerry Chu) who originally comes from working or lower class society. She fulfills her daughter alone and becomes a single parent because she has divorced with her husband when Rachel still child. This condition make Eleanor Young doesn’t agree with the relationships however the power of love between Nick and Rachel defeated everything. Finally, they become a couple.
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Sumon, MYA, MM Haque, and K. Islam. "Infant Feeding Practices Among the Mothers of Selected Different Socio-economic Groups in Dhaka City." Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal 5, no. 2 (December 3, 2014): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v5i2.21124.

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This study was conducted to understand the infant (0-12 month) feeding practices among different classes' mothers in Dhaka city. The study was carried out among the 183 mother-infant pair of the upper, middle and lower socio-economic classes in Dhaka city and purposive sampling method was applied. The study was conducted at following areas in Dhaka city which were selected purposively. The mean age of upper class, middle class and lower class were 35±4, 25±3 and 21±7 in years. Regarding first feeding it was observed that upper (75%), middle (85%) and lower class (48%) first gave colostrum. It also observed that 18% of upper class mother first gave powder milk, while in case of middle class it was 5%. In lower class preference of giving honey and sugar water were 21% and 12% respectively. The starting time of breast feeding indicated that in upper classes (74%) breast feeding initiated within one hour, while in middle (75%) and lower classes (84%) it was given within 12 hours. It was highlighted that 44% upper and 36% lower class mothers started complementary feeding at 3 month of the baby respectively, while in middle class 61% mother started complementary foods at 5 month of their baby. In case of duration of breast feeding practices, middle and lower classes breast-feed continued longer time than upper class. Majorities of the upper class prefered egg, soup, fruit juice while middle class liked meat-fish, egg, khichuri, fruits. On complementary feeding the lower class choiced mainly rice-potato, dal, khichuri or vegetables. The study result should not be generalise and need further large scale research. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v5i2.21124 Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 5, No. 2: July 2014, Pages 5-8
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Haddad, Joanne, Jad Chaaban, Ali Chalak, and Hala Ghattas. "Does Income Class Affect Life Satisfaction? New Evidence from Cross-Country Microdata." Social Sciences 11, no. 6 (June 15, 2022): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11060262.

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This paper analyzes the impact of income class on subjective wellbeing. Using rich data from the Gallup World Poll, we investigate whether belonging to locally (both country- and time-specific) defined income classes influences individuals’ life satisfaction. We rely on a latent class analysis estimation method, using individual income proxied by household income divided by household size, as an observable characteristic to hypothesize the income classes. We fit a model with one categorical latent variable with three unobserved groupings, here: income classes, which we interpret as lower, middle and upper classes. Our estimates suggest that individuals in the low and middle income classes are, respectively, about 30 and 17 percent of a standard deviation less likely to report a higher life satisfaction in comparison to individuals belonging to the upper income class. The effect of income classes remains robust to the inclusion of standard explanatory variables in this literature.
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Boyle, Bryan, and Kobe De Keere. "Aesthetic labour, class and taste: Mobility aspirations of middle-class women working in luxury-retail." Sociological Review 67, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 706–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026119827753.

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Previous research has shown how the embodied performances expected from service workers make cultural class background important for entry into these forms of jobs. However, class judgement continues to impact the worker post-entry and on-the-job. We explore this through a qualitative study of 18 middle-class women working in luxury-retail stores in Amsterdam, asking how they acquire the taste of their store for aesthetic labour. This is a case we consider pertinent given the significant class difference between these workers and their economically rich clientele. We found that: (1) workers constructed the products they sold as distinct by devaluing ‘popular’ fashion products; (2) workers managed to acquire luxury knowledge through their work practices; (3) workers purchased luxury products via employee discount, the availability of which triggered allures to emulate their upper-class customers; (4) acquiring this taste was perceived as cultural-social mobility, a perception reinforced by feelings of recognition within private consumption practices; and (5) these endeavours were often marked by both avidity and anxiety, as work concerns conflated with class concerns. We conclude by arguing that systems of classification and the labour process work in alloy, as the necessities of work drive conformity to legitimate taste and, in turn, the legitimacy of taste assists in achieving worker motivation and the extraction of labour. This, we believe, reflects potential complementarity between domination and exploitation models of class analysis.
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AKINKUGBE, Oluyele, and Karl WOHLMUTH. "MIDDLE CLASS GROWTH AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA – MEASUREMENT, CAUSALITY, INTERACTIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS." JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN ECONOMY, Vol 18, No 1 (2019) (2019): 94–139. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/jee2019.01.094.

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The paper is about the role of the African middle class as a base for entrepreneurship development. The key question is what the growth of the African middle class means for the emergence of an entrepreneurial class in Africa. In this context, the «missing middle» in Africa, the gap in small and medium sized companies between microenterprises and large companies, is of interest. So far the theoretical work and the empirical evidence on the relation between middle class growth and entrepreneurship development are quite scarce. First, the main concepts of defining and measuring the African middle class - via income and consumption, assets, vulnerability, and livelihoods - will be discussed. These differences in definition and measurement have implications for the assumed developmental implications of the growth of the African middle class and the growth of an entrepreneurial class. There are so many statements in the literature about the developmental potentials and the impacts of the African middle class. It is argued that the African middle class is a seedbed of entrepreneurship and management staff; a base for start-ups and high tech companies; that it has an impact on market competition and labour mobility; an impact on level and structure of consumption and marketing, on housing, car and finance markets; an impact on local saving, local investment and on a more long-term investment behaviour; a role in developing a new consumer society based on higher quality and branded goods; a role in participation, empowerment and the formation of economic interest groups; a role in the redistribution of income, assets and economic power; that it leads to a widespread use of new technologies and has a tremendous role in technology diffusion; that it is creating space for upward mobility and societal change; that it pushes the transition from survival firms to growth-oriented firms; that it has a role in pushing for more rational economic policies and that it is also demanding public goods and fair taxation; and that it is providing stability to the political regime, etc. Most of these arguments lack so far empirical evidence, and there is tremendous speculation and experimentation based on the way of defining and measuring the African middle class and the entrepreneurial class which is coming forth on this basis. A main instrument used for this endeavour is aggregation of some few data over Africa; but this is not enough to draw strong conclusions. Second, the scarce evidence on the assumed role of the African middle class as a seedbed of entrepreneurship and managerial competencies is discussed and evaluated. The main issue is the role of the African middle class in overcoming the «missing middle» of small and medium sized companies. There is a general discussion about Africa’s «missing middle», the assumed gap in terms of small and medium sized companies between the many mostly informal microenterprises and the large public and private companies. It is argued that the concepts of the African middle class used in the literature and the ways of defining and measuring it do not allow a deep investigation of entrepreneurship development and the identification of a growing entrepreneurial class in Africa. The main reason is that the economic lives of the various segments of the African middle class are so different. Also, the poor and the rich classes in Africa have distinct economic lives which partly overlap with those of lower and upper segments of the African middle class. Third, there is a lack of differentiating the African middle class with regard of the potential for entrepreneurship development, the establishment of entrepreneurial value systems (education, health, saving and investing), and the role in developing local industries (based on increasing middle class consumption). Any change towards the development of growth oriented small and medium-sized enterprises - between survival and micro enterprises at the lower end and large capitalist and conglomerate enterprises at the upper end - is of interest. Most important is to know more about the role of the African middle class in developing growth-oriented enterprises. It is also of interest to see how governments in Africa can support entrepreneurship and management competences based on specific African middle class segments, along with strategies to use the entrepreneurial potential of the poor and the rich classes. The purpose of the paper is to give evidence on the developmental role of the African Middle Class, by focussing on the «missing middle» of enterprises in Africa and the types of entrepreneurship being associated with the growth of the middle class. After the Introduction in Section 1 there is in Section 2 a discussion on Defining and Measuring the African Middle Class: What about Developmental Implications and Prospects? In Section 3 is a presentation on Africa’s Middle Class and the «Missing Middle» of Enterprises: New Potentials for the Growth of Enterprises? In Section 4 there are Conclusions and Policy Recommendations. This is an economists’ view, but much more interdisciplinary work is needed to cover the issues (and this is done in the collection of essays by Henning Melber, Editor, 2016).
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McEvoy, Linda, Linda K. McEvoy, Gail A. Laughlin, Donna Kritz-Silverstein, Richelle Bettencourt, and Jaclyn Bergstrom. "THE RANCHO BERNARDO STUDY (RBS) OF HEALTHY AGING: A RICH RESOURCE FOR STUDYING AGING IN WOMEN." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1289.

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Abstract RBS is an ideal cohort to study healthy aging in women and to examine sex differences in aging. Initiated in 1972, RBS enrolled 82% of adult residents of Rancho Bernardo, a suburb of San Diego. Residents were white, and middle to upper-middle class. Participants have been followed via 12 research clinic visits at ~4 year intervals and 32 mailed surveys. RBS contains detailed assessment of cardiometabolic disease risk factors, bone health, biomarkers, physical ability, cognitive function, health and reproductive history, medications, behaviors (smoking, drinking, diet, exercise) and psychosocial measures. Of the 6726 participants, 54% are women and 65% were aged ≥50 at enrollment. Vital status is known for 91% of the cohort; overall mortality is 71%. Death certificates have been coded for cause of death for 91% of decedents. We will discuss contributors to healthy longevity in RBS women (average age of death 86.4 yrs; 29% lived to age ≥90).
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Susanti, Luh Eka, Ni Luh Supartini, and I. Made Trisna Semara. "Karakteristik backpacker nusantara dalam komunitas “backpacker international”." Jurnal Ilmiah Hospitality Management 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/jihm.v12i2.201.

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In society’s perception, backpackers are generally travelers who choose to travel for long periods of time, at low costs using public transportation and relatively cheap accommodation. Usually, backpackers come from the lower middle class because they want to travel that is cost-effective but rich in experience. In addition, most of these backpackers are students / students with an age range between 25 - 35 years. Over time and an era that has changed the human mindset, a significant shift has begun to occur, especially for the tourist actor himself as a backpacker. Although the above characteristics are still a strong concept for a backpacker, there are a number of things that are starting to shift. Some of these things are 1) backpackers do not always come from the lower middle class, and 2) a shift in the age of the backpacker criteria (tourists over 35 years old choose to be backpackers). Therefore, it is interesting to study from this phenomenon is the shift in people's perceptions of a backpacker where now backpackers also come from the upper middle class and have an age above 35 years. The data is taken from 35 backpackers who are members of the “Backpacker International” community, which consists of Indonesian backpackers whose travel destinations are to other countries (mostly in Europe). This research is an ethnographic study with a qualitative descriptive approach.
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Balasankar, V. "Intelligent socio-economic status prediction system using machine learning models on Rajahmundry A.P., SES dataset." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 37 (October 10, 2020): 3820–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v13i37.1435.

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Background: Developing economic and social systems and assuring the efficiency of economic and social processes is the major task for the government of any country. Predictable machine learning (ML) models are used for analyzing data sets that allow more efficient enterprise management. Now a day, the research on Socio-Economic Status (SES) and Machine Learning (ML) is very crucial to find socio-economic inequalities, and take further actions that are preventions, protections, and suppressions. Objectives: The mainobjective of this research is to understand the Socio Economic System issues and predicting SES levels on particular area like Rajahmundry, AP, India using statistical analysis and machine learning methodologies. Methods: In this, we analyze the data that is collected from Rajahmundry (Rajamahandravaram),Andhra Pradesh, India with 48 feature attributes (dimensions), and one target four class attribute (poor, rich, middle, upper-middle ). The SES levels like poor, rich, middle, and upper-middle classes are predicted by 5 ML algorithms. Findings: In this paper, we conduct the statistical analysis of each attribute, and analyze and compare the performance accuracies using confusion matrix, performance parameter (classification accuracy, Precision,Recall, and F1) values and receive operating characteristic (ROC) under AUC values of five efficient ML algorithms like Naïve Bayes, Decision Trees (DTs), k-NN, SVM (kernel RBF) and Random Forest (RF). We observed that the RF algorithm showed better results when compared with other algorithms for the Rajahmundry AP SES dataset. The RF algorithm performs 97.82% of classification accuracy (CA) and time is taken for model construction 0.41 seconds. The next superior performed ML model is DTs with 96.67% of CA and 0.16 seconds for model construction. Novelty: Comprehensive analysis indicates that the novel AP SES Dataset with empirical statistical analysis gives the good results and predicts the SES levels with RF model is very effective. Keywords: Machine Learning; socio-economic status; Rajahmundry;household; poverty
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SATHYADEVI, R., and R. ASWINI. "Perceptions And Attitudes Towards Luxury Brand Products." GIS Business 14, no. 5 (October 11, 2019): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i5.8780.

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As consumers satisfy their feelings of pleasure and gratification through the luxury goods, the available luxury products will also continue to enhance its charm for consumers. The rich have no more a monopoly on the luxury goods. One of the most important factors leading to the actual growth of the luxury market is the introduction of luxury goods to the middle and upper-middle class. The present study attempted to analysis the knowledge, affection and behavior related discernment of the consumers on the luxury products. For obtaining the objectives, the study adopted questionnaire to collect the data from the customers. The study collected data from the customer, who visiting the shopping malls for buying the luxury brand products. T Test used to present the collected opinion of the consumers. The study highlighted that most of consumers are depend with affect related factors to luxury brands compared with knowledge and behavior based factors.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Upper middle class rich"

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Fortner, Kitty M. "Social Class Influences| Student Engagement of Upper Middle Class African American Students." Thesis, University of Redlands, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3637581.

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This study examined the social class of African American students in an upper middle class high school and their engagement in school influenced by a parent advisory group consisting of upper and middle class African American men. Student engagement has become a hot topic for school policy makers, administration, teachers, and parents at all educational levels. The question of how best to engage students for academic success is the priority. Although research suggests middle and upper class students do well in school as compared to lower class and working class students, the upper and middle class African American students in this particular school were failing until a group of parents intervened. The school experienced increased student engagement resulting in higher GPA, increased graduation rates, increased numbers of college enrollments and graduation rates, and a reduction in the achievement gap. Using the narrative inquiry method, a qualitative approach, the researcher listened to the participants' authentic voices and conveyed their story. Using a semi-structured conversational interview protocol, the participants shared their "lived" stories about the impact that a parent advisory group had on student engagement at the high school of interest. Findings suggest that when adults exhibit care, build meaningful relationships, and communicate that students are valued, student engagement increases and students are successful in school. The participants explained how the identity, behavior, and status of a group of parents gave options to a group of students in order to increase their academic success and hope for the future.

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Dettori, François. "La bourgeoisie messine à l'aune de ses espaces et de ses caractéristiques socio-économiques : homogénéité ou disparité ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0055.

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Moins soumis à l’investigation sociologique, les « Beaux quartiers » n’en demeurent pas moins en France des espaces ségrégatifs de premier plan. Les études et travaux de recherche relatifs à la bourgeoisie et aux espaces de la bourgeoisie sont en outre souvent orientés vers les grandes villes françaises à l’instar de Paris, Lyon ou Marseille. Une ville de taille plus modeste comme Metz n’a jamais été étudiée au seul prisme de sa population bourgeoise.Ce travail de thèse a ainsi pour objectif de rendre compte des caractéristiques socio-économiques de la bourgeoisie messine et de la manière dont elle se distribue au sein de l’aire urbaine messine entendue comme la ville centre de Metz augmentée de sa banlieue et de sa couronne périurbaine. Notre recherche s’appuie sur un matériau empirique constitué d’entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès de membres représentatifs de la bourgeoisie messine ou de grandes familles messines mais aussi auprès de spécialistes divers (agents immobiliers spécialisés dans les biens de prestige, historiens de l’art, etc.). Afin d’appréhender la bourgeoisie messine dans toute sa complexité, nous avons également eu recours à divers indicateurs statistiques, cartographiques ou encore à du matériau photographique.L’étude se propose d’abord de présenter un état de l’art sur les fragmentations sociales et territoriales en France visant notamment à mettre en exergue la ghettoïsation vers le haut. L’étude fait ensuite apparaître les grands repères sur la richesse et son estimation tout en en précisant les aspects représentationnels et multidimensionnels. En outre, sont également explicités les enjeux et les difficultés à étudier la richesse et la bourgeoisie. La bourgeoisie messine est par ailleurs étudiée ensuite au quadruple prisme de sa distribution résidentielle, de ses espaces de sociabilité, de ses caractéristiques socio-économiques et socio- électorales mais également - après une mise en perspective historique – de quelques grandes familles emblématiques de la ville.Enfin, l’étude décrit et analyse de manière comparative, un espace de la bourgeoisie messine – le quartier Nouvelle-Ville – en donnant à voir et à comprendre des éléments de morphologie urbaine et sociale et en y explicitant les moteurs de choix résidentiels et les pratiques de l’entre-soi afférentes aux habitants de ce quartier
Although the "Beaux quartiers” are less subject to sociological investigation, they remain prominent segregated spaces in France. Studies and research on the bourgeoisie and on specific spaces of the bourgeoisie are often focused on large French cities such as Paris, Lyons or Marseilles. A smaller city such as Metz has never been studied solely in terms of its bourgeois population.The objective of this dissertation is to examine the socioeconomic characteristics of the Metz bourgeoisie and the way in which it is distributed within the Metz urban area. The latter encompasses the central city of Metz and also its suburbs and suburban ring. Our research is based on empirical material consisting of semi-structured interviews conducted with representative members of the Metz bourgeoisie or highly regarded bourgeois and aristocratic Metz families, as well as with various specialists (real estate agents specialising in prestigious properties, art historians, etc.). In order to grasp the complexity of the Metz bourgeoisie, various statistical and cartographic indicators but also photographic material were used.Firstly, the study presents a state of the art on social and territorial fragmentation in France so as to highlight upward ghettoization.Secondly, the study sheds light on the main benchmarks of wealth and its estimation, while specifying the representational and multidimensional aspects. In addition, the challenges and difficulties of studying wealth and the bourgeoisie are also explained.The Metz bourgeoisie is then studied through the fourfold prism of its residential distribution, its sociability spaces, its socio-economic and socio-electoral characteristics, but also the prism of some of the city's great emblematic families – after a historical perspective.Finally, the study describes and comparatively analyses a particular space of the Metz bourgeoisie – the “Nouvelle Ville” neighbourhood – by showing elements of urban and social morphology and by explaining the criteria of residential selection and the forms of sociability specific to the inhabitants of this rich self-segregated neighbourhood
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Yaran, Pinar. "Reproduction And Differentiation Strategies Of Upper-middle Class Group In Ankara." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611453/index.pdf.

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The main objective of this study is to investigate reproduction strategies of upper-middle class group of people in Ankara and their differentiation propensities in the fragmentation process of urban space. Dispositions and everyday life practices of upper-middle group on Bourdieu&rsquo
s approach in the urban space of Ankara are analyzed on the basis of intensive interviews with upper-middle class women. In this sense, special emphasis is placed on this group&rsquo
s close family relations, investment strategies in education, housing and living space strategies.
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White, David Robert. "Upper-middle-class complicity in the National Socialist phenomenon in Germany." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7528.

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The original research element of this thesis consists of the study of an emerging· professional association of senior managerial employees in business and industry in Weimar Germany. This association which went by the name of VELA, Vereinigung der leitenden Angestellten, or the Organisation of Leading Salaried Employees, was founded in December 1918, and continued in existence until December 1934. Utilising a complete collection of VELA's bi-monthly members' periodical, the development of a coherent ideology of elitism is traced from 1919 to 1933, with the emphasis upon the crystallisation of a world-view compatible and congruent with that of National Socialism by 1924/25. Political convergence with, and support for, the Nazi Party then followed some time after the onset of the Great Depression. A detailed study of the process of Gleichschaltung, or co-ordination, in the spring and summer of 1933 is used to illustrate how easily, readily and enthusiastically VELA embraced the coining of a New Order in the Third Reich.
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Ricker, Audrey 1941. "Effects of mainstream media on upper-middle-class children of middle-school age: A qualitative study." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282359.

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This study shows the findings of a qualitative study undertaken in the homes of seven primary participants of middle school age in Tucson, Arizona, Southern California, and New York City. The purpose of the study was to determine whether mainstream media has commodified these children into saleable audiences who would consume its media products. Findings show that all participants, at all levels, were ready to buy, and wanted to buy, at least one kind of mainstream media at any time. All participants with the exception of one, who did not seem to care about one form of media over another, pursued at least one form of mainstream media, usually more, during most of his waking hours and often. During the ninety hours of observation, at least two or more mainstream media products were used consistently. All participants expressed the desire to buy more specific products and wanted to have more than one title at a time. No regionally or locally distributed media were desired by any subject, only the mainstream media on forced-choice menus. Limitations of the research included difficulty of finding parents and children willing to allow the researcher into the home. Another problem was the invasion of privacy that some subject felt during the study. These were the major two limitations. Further research should be conducted on preschoolers' use of media. This study suggests that children aged one to five may already be addicted to Disney media in ways that preclude their enjoyment of other mainstream media. This study also suggests that these children may be so affected cognitively by their constant use of mainstream media products that their placement in school must be reassessed. Another area that requires more research is the ability of students with diagnosed learning disabilities to concentrate on, and operate, interactive media and to read any manual, article or electronic text having to do with their chosen media, without any problem. The conclusion is that participants in this study are, by their desire and willingness to buy, members of a commodity audience. Thus, the commodity audience actually exists.
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Bhandari, Parul. "Spouse selection in New Delhi : a study of upper middle class marriages." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708142.

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Ngozwana, Baselwa. "Leisure time and holiday aspirations of black upper middle class in East London." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6380.

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This study examined the holiday and leisure aspirations of the new upper black middle class in East London using qualitative approach. The study investigated aspirations of the black middle class on international travels through the lens of Veblen’s (2002) conspicuous consumption theory which entails that black middle class citizens spend in order to assert their status and belongingness to the middle class. The aim of the study was to understand their holiday and leisure aspirations, what the idea is behind or what motivates their international travels, their travel experiences and class affirmations. This exploration included the challenges and frustrations such as Ebola scare, racism, issues with foreign exchange and variations from these international visits. Data was collected through interviews with upper black middle class who are based in the Buffalo City Metro Municipality in East London, Eastern Cape. Findings from this study revealed that consumption patterns of the emerging black middle class to diverge substantially from the other groups, in terms of greater signalling of social status via visible consumption and preoccupation with reducing an historical asset deficit. Various themes emerged as meanings attached to international travelling and leisure by those black middle class international travellers. These are sense of wealth, status, religion, self-esteem, sense of reward, bonding with friends and conspicuous/visible consumption.
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Ayan, Müge. "Changing conceptions of personhood in contemporary Turkey : an upper middle class school of ethnography." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425418.

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Levi, D'Ancona Luisa. "Paths of Jewish integration : upper-middle-class families in nineteenth-century France, Italy and England." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615627.

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Shaalan, Khaled. "The political agency of Egypt's upper middle class : neoliberalism, social status reproduction and the state." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2014. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/20382/.

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The state's retreat from its traditional post-1952 role of providing trajectories for the reproduction of social status and distinction created new formative social processes of political agency for the Egyptian upper middle class. The de facto handover of such processes to mechanisms of the neoliberal market since the early-1990s has changed the modes of conditioning the relationship between the upper middle class and the Egyptian state. As a result, the social contract sustaining the upper middle class' traditional consent to the Egyptian state's successive political orders suffered serious erosion. In this context, the political discontent of the Egyptian upper middle class steadily grew beneath a thick layer of apathy towards farcical formal politics under Mubarak. In 2011, the active participation of the upper middle class in the Egyptian revolution represented the debut onto the political stage of a social segment previously thought to be at the heart of crafting renewed legitimacy for authoritarian rule. The study uses gathered narratives of upper-middle-class Egyptians to demonstrate the dynamics of the upper middle class' negotiation of status preservation and privilege reproduction in the neoliberal environment. By contextualising these narratives within structural transformations in the areas of education, employment and lifestyles, the study analyses the development of new upper-middle-class modes of socio-political critique of the state based on the social experience. Furthermore, the study examines the effect of class-typical encounters with the state in the social space as a medium for sharpening critical appraisals of the latter's role, informed by a neoliberal ethos acquired during the various stages of the process of status reproduction. These discursive inferences about the nature of the state as a political composition accumulatively informed the development of an appetite for political change, and will arguably continue to shape the patterns of future politicisation of Egypt's upper middle class.
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Books on the topic "Upper middle class rich"

1

Bob, Greene. The 50-year dash: The feelings, foibles, and fears of being half-a-century old. New York: Doubleday, 1997.

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Méndez, María Luisa, and Modesto Gayo. Upper Middle Class Social Reproduction. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89695-3.

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Rensselaer, Philip Van. Rich was better. New York, N.Y: Wynwood Press, 1990.

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The rich bastard's guide to Los Angeles. Los Angeles, CA: LPC Group, 1998.

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Raven, Simon. The rich pay late. New York: Beaufort Books, 1987.

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Weiss, Murray. Palm Beach Babylon: Sins, scams and scandals of America's super-rich. London: Arrow, 1995.

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Maxted, Anna. Rich again. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2010.

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Maxted, Anna. Rich again. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2010.

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Rich again. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2010.

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The spare wife. New York: Plume, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Upper middle class rich"

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Natu, Sadhana. "Disha: Building Bridges-Removing Barriers: Where Excluded and Privileged Young Adults Meet." In International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 351–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_41.

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AbstractThe Chapter aims to detail out the need and process for setting up a Peer Support and Speak Out group in 1992 against the backdrop of early years of globalization in India. The chapter describes how the group has evolved, describing some of the activities and its outcomes. Case studies of Disha Coordinators (using narratives) place before the reader, both the challenges and vantage point views of student diversity. The coordinators are a mix from underprivileged and privileged backgrounds. In the last 27 years, Disha has managed to help students from diverse backgrounds (rural and urban poor, Dalit, Bahujan, urban upper middle class, international students) to come together and look at mental health issues from their varied locations of caste, class, gender, region and reconstitute their identities and look at life afresh. The chapter tries to document some of these rich insights and in doing so attempts to add to the value-based mental health practice from a small margin of the largest democracy in the world that is pushing and challenging the centre.
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Méndez, María Luisa, and Modesto Gayo. "Introduction." In Upper Middle Class Social Reproduction, 1–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89695-3_1.

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Méndez, María Luisa, and Modesto Gayo. "Social Mobility over Time and in Space: Ascending Residential and Social Trajectories." In Upper Middle Class Social Reproduction, 29–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89695-3_2.

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Méndez, María Luisa, and Modesto Gayo. "Common Ground: On the Centrality of Residential and School Choice." In Upper Middle Class Social Reproduction, 55–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89695-3_3.

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Méndez, María Luisa, and Modesto Gayo. "Frantic Lives and Practices of Socio-Cultural Differentiation." In Upper Middle Class Social Reproduction, 83–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89695-3_4.

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Méndez, María Luisa, and Modesto Gayo. "Neither Conservatives nor Progressives: Fragmentation in the Cultural Repertoires of the Upper Middle Class." In Upper Middle Class Social Reproduction, 109–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89695-3_5.

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Méndez, María Luisa, and Modesto Gayo. "Inheritors, Achievers, and Incomers: Wrapping Up a Multidimensional Approach to Social Reproduction." In Upper Middle Class Social Reproduction, 135–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89695-3_6.

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Mihályi, Péter, and Iván Szelényi. "Class Reproduction of the Upper Middle Class (Top 20%)." In Rent-Seekers, Profits, Wages and Inequality, 73–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03846-5_4.

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Henry, Matthew A. "“Upper-Lower-Middle-Class Types”: Socioeconomic Class on The Simpsons." In The Simpsons, Satire, and American Culture, 135–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137027795_6.

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Kuch, Peter R. "Class and Upper-Middle-Class Consciousness in Katherine Mansfield's Stories." In The Routledge Companion to Literature and Class, 247–58. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003008354-21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Upper middle class rich"

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Loi, Daria, and Sasanka Prabhala. "The rise of middle and upper middle class in emerging markets." In the 20th Australasian Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1517744.1517777.

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Bregger, Y. Alkiser. "Sustaining environmental qualities in middle-upper class residential areas: a pedagogic experience using Bagdat Avenue in Istanbul." In OIKONET III. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/gd170071.

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Remirez, Mariano, Geoffrey J. Gilleaudeau, Geoffrey J. Gilleaudeau, Maya Elrick, Maya Elrick, Thomas J. Algeo, and Thomas J. Algeo. "TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL WATERMASS EVOLUTION DURING DEPOSITION OF MIDDLE TO UPPER DEVONIAN ORGANIC-RICH SHALES OF THE ILLINOIS BASIN, NORTH AMERICA." In Joint 56th Annual North-Central/ 71st Annual Southeastern Section Meeting - 2022. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022nc-375482.

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Gravestock, Christopher, Alex Bromhead, Mike Simmons, Frans Van Buchem, and Roger Davies. "Stratigraphic Trap Potential in the Middle East – Examples from the Mesozoic." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207229-ms.

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Abstract The Mesozoic stratigraphy of the Middle East is endowed with multiple world-class, economically significant petroleum systems. Since the first discovery of a major oilfield in an anticline structure in 1908 (Masjed-e-Suleyman, Iran), exploration and production in the Middle East has been largely focussed on relatively low-risk, large structural traps. However, across the Arabian Plate, unexplored structural traps at similar scales are becoming scarce. Therefore, in this mature petroleum province, attention must now focus on identifying the presence of subtle stratigraphic traps, especially within the hydrocarbon-rich Mesozoic stratigraphy. In order to locate and evaluate subtle stratigraphic traps, we have applied sequence stratigraphic principles across the Mesozoic strata of the Arabian Plate. This approach provides a regional, robust age-based framework which reduces lithostratigraphic uncertainty across international boundaries and offers predictive capabilities in the identification and extent of stratigraphic plays. Herein, we focus on three intervals of Mesozoic stratigraphy, namely Triassic, Middle-Late Jurassic and middle Cretaceous strata, in which regional sequence stratigraphic based correlations have identified stratigraphic trap potential. Each of these stratigraphic intervals are associated with the following stratigraphic traps:Triassic: Sub-crop traps associated with a base Jurassic regional unconformity and intra-Triassic unconformities. Onlap geometries associated with differential topography on the Arabian Plate.Middle-Late Jurassic: Pure stratigraphic trap geometries associated with basin margin progradation and pinch-out plays either side of the Rimthan Arch related to late Oxfordian/early Kimmeridgian sea-level fall.Middle Cretaceous: Sub-crop potential beneath the regional mid-Turonian unconformity, basin margin progradation and stratigraphic pinch-out geometries associated with onlap onto basin margins. This regional sequence stratigraphic approach highlights the remaining exploration and production opportunities within these hydrocarbon-rich stratigraphic intervals.
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Leseur, Nicolas, Alfredo Mendez, Muhammad Zeeshan Baig, and Pierre-Olivier Goiran. "Theory-Guided Data Science, A Petrophysical Case Study from the Diyab Formation." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204532-ms.

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Abstract A practical example of a theory-guided data science case study is presented to evaluate the potential of the Diyab formation, an Upper Jurassic interval, source rock of some of the largest reservoirs in the Arabian Peninsula. A workflow base on a three-step approach combining the physics of logging tool response and a probabilistic machine-learning algorithm was undertaken to evaluate four wells of the prospect. At first, a core-calibrated multi-mineral model was established on a concept well for which an extensive suite of logs and core measurements had been acquired. To transfer the knowledge gained from the latter physics-driven interpretation onto the other data-scarce wells, the relationship between the output rock and fluid volumes and their input log responses was then learned by means of a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). Finally, once trained on the key well, the latter probabilistic algorithm was deployed on the three remaining wells to predict reservoir properties, quantify resource potential and estimate volumetric-related uncertainties. The physics-informed machine-learning approach introduced in this work was found to provide results which matches with the majority of the available core data, while discrepancies could generally be explained by the occurrence of laminations which thickness are under the resolution of nuclear logs. Overall, the GPR approach seems to enable an efficient transfer of knowledge from data-rich key wells to other data-scarce wells. As opposed to a more conventional formation evaluation process which is carried out more independently from the key well, the present approach ensures that the final petrophysical interpretation reflects and benefits from the insights and the physics-driven coherency achieved at key well location.
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Tang, Xueqing, Ruifeng Wang, Zhongliang Cheng, and Hui Lu. "Rich-Gas Condensate Huff and Puff Process in High-Volume, Watered-Out, and Highly Viscous Heavy Oil Wells, Case Study in Iraq." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205742-ms.

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Abstract Halfaya field in Iraq contains multiple vertically stacked oil and gas accumulations. The major oil horizons at depth of over 10,000 ft are under primary development. The main technical challenges include downdip heavy oil wells (as low as 14.56 °API) became watered-out and ceased flow due to depleted formation pressure. Heavy crude, with surface viscosities of above 10,000 cp, was too viscous to lift inefficiently. The operator applied high-pressure rich-gas/condensate to re-pressurize the dead wells and resumed production. The technical highlights are below: Laboratory studies confirmed that after condensate (45-52ºAPI) mixed with heavy oil, blended oil viscosity can cut by up to 90%; foamy oil formed to ease its flow to the surface during huff-n-puff process.In-situ gas/condensate injection and gas/condensate-lift can be applied in oil wells penetrating both upper high-pressure rich-gas/condensate zones and lower oil zones. High-pressure gas/condensate injected the oil zone, soaked, and then oil flowed from the annulus to allow large-volume well stream flow with minimal pressure drop. Gas/condensate from upper zones can lift the well stream, without additional artificial lift installation.Injection pressure and gas/condensate rate were optimized through optimal perforation interval and shot density to develop more condensate, e.g. initial condensate rate of 1,000 BOPD, for dilution of heavy oil.For multilateral wells, with several drain holes placed toward the bottom of producing interval, operating under gravity drainage or water coning, if longer injection and soaking process (e.g., 2 to 4 weeks), is adopted to broaden the diluted zone in heavy oil horizon, then additional recovery under better gravity-stabilized vertical (downward) drive and limited water coning can be achieved. Field data illustrate that this process can revive the dead wells, well production achieved approximately 3,000 BOPD under flowing wellhead pressure of 800 to 900 psig, with oil gain of over 3-fold compared with previous oil rate; water cut reduction from 30% to zero; better blended oil quality handled to medium crude; and saving artificial-lift cost. This process may be widely applied in the similar hydrocarbon reservoirs as a cost-effective technology in Middle East.
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Matsubayashi, Kazuo. "Cause of Housing Segregation: Result of Public Policies?" In 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.85.

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In many large American cities there is a growing phenomenon of the housing segregation between the rich, the poor and the middle class. This paper points out that such segregation is often caused by the public policies encouraging free market real estate development. The result is a disturbing urban condition in which it is geography of the power is directly reflective of housing locations. Such a condition contradicts the American ideal of democracy. This paper addressed the following factors which cause housing segregation; freeways, property tax deduction, zoning and ordinance, housing as a speculative investment commodity, and race and gender discrimination. The paper claims that the capitalism market system cannot remedy the problem, believes that every one is entitled to decent housing, and suggests that any solution will need to accommodate drastic non-capitalism strategies.
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Nguyen, Raymond, Antoine Jacques, Vincent Jaffrezic, Yann Bigno, Amr Mohamed Serry, Hasan Zakaria, Owais Ameer Khan, Omar Jadallah, and Benoit Brouard. "Piloting the 1st Well-Test-Logging in the Middle East, Paving the Way to Low-Cost Dynamic Reservoir Characterization and Well Value Optimization." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206177-ms.

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Abstract The development of carbonate reservoirs of a giant field, Offshore Abu Dhabi, requires long horizontal wells to maximize productivity, but at the risk of unwanted gas and water channeling through its inherent heterogeneities. Conformance can be enhanced with dedicated segmented completions (blank sections, Inflow Control Device, Autonomous Inflow Control Device, etc.) or selective acid stimulation (diverter, Limited Entry Liner), which are increasingly implemented to extend well life, and eventually well value. If these technologies have matured, success depends heavily on the quality of the formation knowledge prior to completion. As of today, conventional logs provide the basic ground, but they lack dynamic information, whereas production logging results are obtained too late, when the well is already completed. Initially introduced for the optimization of unconventional well completions (see Jacques et al, URTEC 2019), the Well Testing Logging (WTLog) offers the advantage to record a log of mobility, at the end of drilling the openhole, enabling a favorable timing to influence adapted completion and stimulation design. Contrasted viscosity brines are sequentially circulated through the drill pipes at a constant rate and back-produced from the casing at constant pressure. The fluids interface travels in the drain from the TD to the casing shoe, and the measurement of the differential formation seepage is interpreted into an injectivity profile. Combined with rate fall-off phase analysis, permeability and skin logs are derived. Lasting a few hours and realized with conventional rig equipment (such as cement pumps, coriolis flowmeters, Managed Pressure Drilling system), it is a nonintrusive, safe, and ultimately low-cost operation. Forward, it can replace costly logging, when aimed at characterizing heterogeneities. Within a year, the two first WTLog pilots of the Middle East were successfully designed and carried out. They targeted two appraisal wells in distinct undeveloped reservoirs (Cretaceous and Upper Jurassic formations) which benefited from rich acquisition programs (Image log, Production log) to benchmark and qualify this technology. After an explanation of the technology principles, this paper describes the design, operations, and results of these pilots. It then focuses on the petrophysical consolidation of the matrix/fracture characterization. It concludes by sharing the learnings and offers insight to what extent it is a promising technology to be applied in Middle East carbonate reservoir developments.
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Khan, Sara Hasrat, Wardah Arina Nasir, Hany El Sahn, Hartoyo Sudiro, Mohamed Abdulhammed AlWahedi, Suhaila Humaid AlMazrooei, Christoph Lehmann, et al. "Innovative High Permeability Streak Characterization and Modeling Utilizing Static and Dynamic Data in a Complex Giant Mature Oil Field in the Middle East." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207310-ms.

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Abstract This paper proposes an integrated approach to model High Permeability Streaks (HPS) using the case study of heterogeneous carbonate Reservoir B, utilizing static and dynamic data. Modelling the HPS is critical as they play an important role in fluid dynamics within the reservoir. The impact is observed from 60 years of development, where flood front movement is captured by rich density of Pulsed Neutron and recently drilled open hole logs. Injection water is overriding from tighter lower subzones (injected zones) to permeable upper subzones of the reservoir, thereby leaving the tighter lower subzones unswept. Gas cusping down to the oil zone occurs through the HPS resulting in non-uniform gas cap expansion, which leads to early gas breakthrough in producers near the gas cap. The problem with characterizing HPS is associated with their thickness- in Reservoir B it ranges from 0.5 to 2.5ft and occur in multiple subzones in the upper part of the reservoir. The standard triple combo suite of logs does not have the resolution to detect these thin HPS. In addition, the cored interval of the HPS is mainly disintegrated which is attributed majorly to well sorted grain-supported lithofacies. Therefore, sampling for porosity & permeability via Routine Core Analysis (RCA) and Capillary pressure as well as pore throat distribution using Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure (MICP) method is extremely difficult. This results in a gap in the input dataset for the static models, where the higher permeability samples are not captured in logs or cores and are therefore under-represented. Current approach to unify this gap is to use permeability multipliers, which does not honor geological trends. The HPS in Reservoir B has added complexities when compared to other regional HPS. Not only are they multiple and distributed across subzones, there is also preferential movement of water through the HPS within the same area. Of the 3 upper subzones that have HPS, in some areas, water injected in lower subzone will override the HPS in the middle and move right to the HPS in the top subzone, thereby ignoring the hierarchical flood front movement from bottom to the top. A robust workflow was developed in order to address and resolve the above mentioned uncertainties related to High Permeability Streaks. The proposed integrated workflow consisted of five stages: Developing a robust geological conceptual model Mapping spatial distribution & continuity Capturing the vertical presence in cored & uncored wells (depth & thickness) Permeability Quantification of HPS using Well Test Measurements Modelling High Permeability Streaks The paper highlights the utilization of a range of static (core, Routine Core Analysis (RCA), image logs, OH logs) and dynamic data (Pulse Neutron Logs (PNL's), later drilled Open Hole Logs, Production Logging Tools (PLTs) and well test data). Quantitative (HPS depth indicated by water saturation profile indicated by waterflood movement) and Qualitative (Flooding observed but HPS depth is uncertain) depth indicators/flags were generated from the data set and became the foundation of the modelling the HPS. The first step in the workflow is to establish a robust geological conceptual model. For Reservoir B, certain facies contribute to HPS, which are mainly leached Rudist Rudstones and Coated grain Algal Floatstones as well as well sorted Skeletal Grainstones. Based on core observations, they have confirmed vertical stratigraphic presence in each subzone (top, mid, base) which is attributed to storm events. These were consequently mapped using average thickness from core descriptions and revised using contributing facies trend maps and qualitative dynamic observations. These maps served as basis for probability trend distribution for static rock type models. The vertical presence of HPS was increased from 10% to 30% by re-introducing them in the missing core intervals using quantitative dynamic flags and thickness from isochores. Consequently, permeability were assigned in the missing section using the proposed permeability enhancement technique that honors the verified well test measurements. Based on the above improvements, the HPS intervals were mapped to the static rock type with best reservoir quality (SRT 1), which is also linked to certain geological attributes (i.e. lithofacies, diagenetic overprint & depositional environment). The enhanced permeability in the identified HPS intervals is also reflected as upgraded SRT (from lower SRT 2 to best SRT 1). The overall impact is observed by improvement of poro-perm cloud, with added control points for HPS SRT (1), which is vital for permeability modelling. The updated permeability model, captures high perm streaks in terms of vertical presence and magnitude. By introducing higher permeability in the upper subzones of the reservoir, the water overriding/gas cusping phenomena could then be mimicked in the dynamic model. The proposed methodology is an integrated workflow that maximizes the input from each disciplines (G&G, Petrophysics and Reservoir Engineering) to create a robust static model through incorporation of high permeability streaks. The use static and dynamic data, has helped to establish HPS existence/preference, which then could be used to upgrade the permeability/SRT. This will in turn lead to a better static model and a better history match in the dynamic model. It will also led to better remaining in place prediction and enable accurate prediction for future field development, especially where EOR is involved.
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Kalola, M. G., Mahesh Dasar, K. P. Shete, and R. S. Patil. "Effect of Novel Swirling Perforated Distributor on Fluid Dynamic Characteristics of Circulating Fluidized Bed Riser." In ASME 2016 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2016-59165.

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The present work is associated with Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) technology, related to the energy sector. The applications of CFB technology span across wide range of areas i.e. boiler, gasifier, combustor, dryer, etc. In the present paper, CFD simulations using ANSYS-Fluent 14.5 were performed to study the effect of novel swirling perforated distributor on fluid dynamics characteristics like pressure drop along the riser and distributor, suspension density variations along the riser of the Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB). The simulation results were also used to compare qualitatively and quantitatively the dead-zone formations in the four corners of riser just above the distributor plate for swirl and normal distributor plates. The riser alongwith distributor was modeled using Pro-E 5.0, and it was meshed in ICEM CFD 14.5. Post processing simulations were performed using Fluent 14.5. 3D CFD simulations were performed on the CFB riser of cross section 0.15 m × 0.15 m and height 2.85 m. RNG k-ε model was used for turbulence modeling. Eulerian model with Syamlal-O’Brien phase interaction scheme was used to simulate the two phase flow (air + sand mixture flow). RNG k-ε model was used for turbulence modeling of the flow inside the riser. The RNG turbulence model has a calculation for effective viscosity. Modeling and simulations were performed for normal perforated distributor plate and results obtained were compared with available experimental data. In this way, after validation of computational results, further CFD simulations were performed for novel geometry of swirl distributor plate. It is observed that suspension density (particles’ concentration) was more in the middle and upper region of the riser in case of swirl distributor plate. However, pressure drop across the distributor plate increased in the case of novel swirl distributor plate. The objective of significant reduction in the dead-zone formation just above the normal distributor plate was achieved through novel swirl distributor, which in-turn is expected to increase particles’ participation in combustion which takes place in oxygen rich middle portion of CFB riser and subsequently increases heat transfer rate in the CFB riser.
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Reports on the topic "Upper middle class rich"

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Anderson, K. B. Middle and upper cretaceous amber from the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia: Evidence for a new structural sub-class of resinite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10175238.

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Mackie, S. J., C. M. Furlong, P. K. Pedersen, and O. H. Ardakani. Stratigraphy, facies heterogeneities, and structure in the Montney Formation of northeastern British Columbia: relation to H2S distribution. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329796.

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In the last decade, the Lower Triassic Montney Formation of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) has undergone significant development, providing a rich dataset to study structural, stratigraphic, and facies control on the variations in hydrogen sulphide (H2S) gas content. Splitting the siltstone dominated Montney into the three regional members (i.e., Lower Montney, Middle Montney, and Upper Montney) allows for detailed analysis on the enrichment of H2S within a local-scale study area in northeastern British Columbia (BC). Within this study area, Upper Montney H2S content increases within individual parasequences both up-dip and towards the east. In addition to potential up-dip migration, there may be greater sulphur-bearing components in the east, allowing for the sulphate reduction required to generate H2S. The overlying Middle Triassic thins eastward, providing proximity to the overlying anhydrite-rich beds of the Upper Triassic Charlie Lake Formation. Further, the overlying Middle Triassic Sunset Prairie Formation has an erosional edge that corresponds with eastern elevated H2S concentrations within the Upper Montney unit. Mapped structures are syn-depositional to the Middle Triassic, potentially providing conduits for early sulphate-rich fluid migration. In the Middle and Lower Montney, elevated H2S generally occurs with proximity to the top of the Permian Belloy Formation. Within this study area, limited Lower Montney data is available and thus needs to be further corroborated with regional data. Both the Middle and Lower Montney display elevated H2S in trends that generally align with mapped faults. The faults may have acted as conduits for sulphate-rich fluids to migrate during early burial then migrate laterally through facies that may have been permeable during early burial, such as the carbonate-rich facies at the boundary between the Middle and Lower Montney. Further core and isotope analyses are required to fully understand this relationship.
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Ardakani, O. H. Organic petrography and thermal maturity of the Paskapoo Formation in the Fox Creek area, west-central Alberta. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330296.

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The Paskapoo Formation, which ranges in age from middle to upper Paleocene, is the major shallow aquifer in Alberta. This study is part of a larger GSC-led study on the potential environmental impact of hydrocarbon development in the Fox Creek area (west-central Alberta) on shallow aquifers. Fox Creek is located near the northern limit of the Paskapoo Formation. In addition to the underlying organic-rich source rocks in the study area, including the Duvernay Formation that is currently exploited for hydrocarbon resources, the Paskapoo Formation contains organic-rich intervals and coal seams. In order to investigate any potential internal hydrocarbon sources within the Paskapoo Formation, ninety-seven (97) cutting samples from the formation obtained from eight shallow monitoring wells (50-90 m) in the study area were studied for total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic matter composition and thermal maturity of coal seams using programmed pyrolysis analysis and organic petrography. The TOC content of all samples ranges from 0.2 to 8.8 wt. %, with a mean value of 0.95 ± 1.6 wt. % (n=97). The Tmax values of studied samples range from 347 to 463 °C, with a mean value of 434 ± 20 °C that suggest a range of thermal maturity from immature to peak oil window. The random reflectance (Rr) measurement and fluorescence microscopy on eighteen (18) selected samples with TOC content > ~1 wt. % shows a mean Rr value of 0.27% and 0.42% for the overlying till deposits and the underlying shallow depth sandstone, siltstone, shale and coal seams respectively, indicating a low rank coal ranging from lignite to sub-bituminous coal. Blue to green and yellow fluorescing liptinite macerals further confirmed the low maturity of studied samples. The low S2 yield of a large part of the samples (65%) resulted in unreliable Tmax values that overestimated the thermal maturity. Although the organic matter in the studied intervals are immature, exsudatinite, as secondary liptinite maceral, was observed in samples from the lower parts of the studied monitoring wells. Exsudatinite generally derives from the transformation of sporinite, alginite, resinite and varieties of vitrinite, which is a resinous or asphalt like material. Considering the thickness and distribution of coal seams in the studied samples, it is unlikely the exsudatinite will be a major source for aquifer hydrocarbon contamination in the study area. Additional stratigraphic studies and molecular geochemical analysis could provide an estimate of the total volume of possible organic compounds contribution to the aquifer in the study area. Due to the presence of coal seams in the studied intervals of the Paskapoo Formation, it is important to investigate the possibility of biogenic methane formation in Paskapoo shallow aquifers.
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