Academic literature on the topic 'Upper-income resident'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Upper-income resident.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Upper-income resident"
1
Costa, Jorge, Melchior Moreira, and Fernando Vieira. "Profile of the tourists visiting Porto and the North of Portugal." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 6, no. 5 (November 10, 2014): 413–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-09-2014-0027.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – This article aims to characterize the profile of non-resident tourists visiting Porto and the North of Portugal and highlights the importance and evolution of tourist flows to the region, taking into account the airport development and the impact of low-cost airlines. Design/methodology/approach – The article presents and discusses official tourism statistics and the results of on an ongoing survey by Institute for Tourism Planning and Development (IPDT) – Institute of Tourism, conducted at Porto airport on the tourist profile of non-resident tourists to the region. Findings – The research findings reveal a remarkable growth in Porto and North of Portugal tourism – reflecting notable work over the past few years by tourism industry organizations. The Porto airport upgrade allowed for a new dynamic in the region, opening the door to European tourists via low-cost routes. The tourist’s profile depicts a young, active, upper class tourist, with an above average income, who truly appreciates Porto and the North of Portugal region and is willing to recommend it to friends and family. Practical implications – Results provide rich insights on non-resident tourism in the region – where tourists come from, why they selected this destination for their trip and what they enjoy doing, among other information and is highly relevant for strategic and marketing activities related to tourism promotion and the service quality offer. Originality/value – This article seeks to illustrate the non-resident tourist profiles of those visiting Porto and the North of Portugal, based on a unique study conducted over the past three years.
2
Doe, Matthew, Emmanuel Bua, Fred Bisso, and Peter Olupot-Olupot. "The diagnostic upper GI endoscopy camp: a pilot for enhancing service provision and training in eastern Uganda." African Health Sciences 22, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i2.45.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms are common in East Africa but there is limited diagnostic endoscopy availability. Surgical camps are a recognised method of providing intensive service provision and training. We describe a novel application of the camp model for diagnostic UGI endoscopy in eastern Uganda.
Methods: A 7-day camp took place in an existing endoscopy department of Mbale Regional Referral Hospital. Patients with symptoms warranting investigation were invited for free diagnostic UGI endoscopy, biopsy and H.pylori testing.
Results: 148 patients underwent endoscopy. 47 were deemed to have significant pathology, 7 with malignancy. 61% had H.Pylori. A resident surgeon was trained and performed 55 supervised unassisted procedures.
Conclusion: Our pilot has illustrated that camps are a safe and efficient way of providing intense endoscopy service and training in an established department. Camps can be utilised for scaling up much needed endoscopy services and training in low- and middle-income countries.
Keywords: Gastrointestinal endoscopy; Helicobacter pylori; esophageal neoplasms.
3
Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed, Ilker Dastan, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-Samarrai, Shukur Mahmood Yaseen, Assiyeh Abbasi, Hassan Alkhdar, Mohammed Al Saad, and Omar Mohamed Danfour. "Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Syrian people resident in Turkey." Journal of Ideas in Health 3, Special2 (December 29, 2020): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.vol3.issspecial2.61.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Measuring knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 helps policymakers observe knowledge gaps and provide key messages to people to act better against the pandemic. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Syrian people resident in Turkey.
Methods: A cross-sectional study designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among the Syrian people resident in Turkey. The data were collected via a web-based and self-administered questionnaire of 313 participants from 17-31 July 2020. SPSS version 16.0 was recruited to analyze the data using univariate and multivariable regression data analyses.
Results: Our finding as the first study among Syrian people resident in Turkey found a high rate of good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 accordingly with 83.0%, 72.0%, 84.0%. Regression analysis showed that age-group of 45 years and more years, marital status of being married, female gender, living in urban area were significantly associated with upper knowledge score. Age-group of 45 years and more significantly associated with positive attitude score but inversely being married and unemployed statues significantly associated with a negative attitude. Regarding practice score, married and female people had better practice, but poor-rated health status was significantly associated with the weak practice.
Conclusion: Although our finding showed a good rate for knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19, but it needs to improve cause of many barriers on Syrian people resident in Turkey, such as living in a crowded place, distant from health care services, losing whole or part of their income due to COVID-19 as an economic crisis, different language barriers. Some groups like men, people living in a rural area, and those unemployed or lost their job should be exposed by timely and accurate knowledge.
4
Nassani, Mohammad Zakaria, Mohammed Noushad, Samer Rastam, Mudassir Hussain, Anas B. Alsalhani, Inas Shakeeb Al-Saqqaf, Faisal Mehsen Alali, et al. "Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Dental Professionals: A Multi-Country Survey." Vaccines 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101614.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: This study sought to investigate the acceptance rate and associated factors of COVID-19 vaccines among dentists and dental students in seven countries. Material and Methods: A structured questionnaire prepared and guided by the report of the SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy was distributed among groups of dentists and dental students in seven countries across four continents. Results: A total of 1527 subjects (850 dentists and 677 dental students) participated in this survey. Although 72.5% of the respondents reported their intention to accept COVID-19 vaccines (dentists: 74.4%, dental students: 70.2%), there was a significant difference in agreement between dentists/dental students across countries; generally, respondents in upper-middle-, and high-income countries (UM-HICs) showed significantly higher acceptance rates compared to those in low- and lower-middle income countries (L-LMICs). Potential predictors of higher vaccine acceptance included being a dentist, being free of comorbidity, being well-informed about COVID-19 vaccines, having better knowledge about COVID-19 complications, having anxiety about COVID-19 infection, having no concerns about the side effects of the produced vaccines and being a resident of an UM-HIC. Conclusion: The results of our survey indicate a relatively good acceptance rate of COVID-19 among the surveyed dentists and dental students. However, dentists and dental students in L-LMICs showed significantly lower vaccine acceptance rates and trust in COVID-19 vaccines compared to their counterparts in UM-HICs. Our results provide important information to policymakers, highlighting the need for implementation of country-specific vaccine promotion strategies, with special focus on L-LMICs.
5
Alvin, Alvin, and Franky Liauw. "KAMPOENG PELANGI: KAMPUNG VERTIKAL UNTUK MASYARAKAT BERPENGHASILAN RENDAH." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, no. 2 (February 3, 2022): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i2.12318.
Full textAbstract:
A worrying symptom and supporting environmental imbalance is high population growth. The existence of population growth makes the need for housing continues to increase, the problem is that the facilities provided by the government and developers can only be reached by the upper middle class, while every resident should have the right to have a place to live, including low-income people (MBR). The culture and traditions of the people of a village that are thick with activities and their lives are fading after the development towards vertical, closed and individualistic dwellings. Kalianyar is the most densely populated area in DKI Jakarta, living in the midst of crowds has become a daily pastime. In addition to the natives, many migrants from outside Jakarta and Java chose Kalianyar, Tambora as their temporary residence. It is undeniable that the population density in Kalianyar creates housing problems and the demand for housing. Therefore, Kampoeng Pelangi is here to make the lives of Kalianyar residents better, more beautiful and harmonious. create a vertical residence with a flexible architectural approach and sustainable development that can reflect, improve and fulfill the needs and life of a village in the Kalianyar Village area. Implementing sustainable living in social, economic, and environmental aspects in the form of a vertical village and applying flexible architecture in the form of space flexibility. Keywords: Flexible; MBR; Population growth; Sustainable Development; Vertical Village Abstrak Gejala yang mengkawatirkan dan mendukung ketidak seimbangan lingkungan hidup adalah pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi. Adanya pertumbuhan penduduk membuat kebutuhan akan hunian terus meningkat, permasalahannya fasilitas yang disediakan oleh pemerintah dan pengembang hanya dapat dijangkau oleh kalangan menengah keatas saja, sedangkan seharusnya setiap penduduk memiliki hak untuk memiliki tempat tinggal tak terkecuali masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah (MBR). Kebudayaan dan tradisi masyarakat sebuah kampung yang kental dengan aktivitas dan kehidupannya semakin pudar setelah perkembangan ke arah hunian-hunian yang vertikal, tertutup dan individualistik. Kalianyar merupakan daerah terpadat di DKI Jakarta, hidup di tengah kesesakan sudah jadi lahapan sehari-hari. Selain warga asli, banyak pula pendatang dari luar Jakarta dan Jawa yang memilih Kalianyar, Tambora sebagai wilayah untuk mereka tempati sementara. Tak dipungkiri bahwa kepadatan penduduk di Kalianyar menimbulkan permasalahan-permasalahan hunian dan permintaan rumah tinggal. Maka dari itu, Kampoeng Pelangi hadir untuk membuat hidup warga Kalianyar lebih baik, indah dan harmoni. membuat sebuah hunian vertikal dengan pendekatan arsitektur fleksibel dan pembangunan berkelanjutan yang dapat mencerminkan, meningkatkan dan memenuhi kebutuhan dan kehidupan sebuah kampung di daerah Kelurahan Kalianyar. Menerapkan hidup yang berkelanjutan dalam aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan dalam rupa kampung vertikal serta menerapkan arsitektur fleksibel dalam wujud fleksibilitas ruang.
6
Shaheen, Susan A., and Caroline J. Rodier. "Travel Effects of a Suburban Commuter Carsharing Service." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1927, no. 1 (January 2005): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192700121.
Full textAbstract:
Since 1998, carsharing organizations in the United States have experienced exponential membership growth, but to date there have been only a few evaluations of their effects on travel. Using the results of focus groups, interviews, and surveys, this paper examines the change in travel among members of CarLink–-a carsharing model in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, with explicit links to transit and suburban employment–-after approximately 1 year of participation. The demographic and attitudinal analyses of CarLink members indicated that the typical member ( a) was more likely than an average Bay Area resident to be highly educated, in an upper income bracket, and professionally employed and ( b) displayed sensitivity to congestion, willingness to try new experiences, and environmental concern. Some of the more important commuter travel effects of the CarLink programs included an increase in rail transit use by 23 percentage points in CarLink I and II; a reduction in driving without passengers by 44 and 23 percentage points in CarLink I and II, respectively; a reduction in average vehicle miles traveled by 23 mi in CarLink II and by 18 mi in CarLink I; an increase in travel time and a reduction in travel stress; a reduction in vehicle ownership by almost 6% in CarLink II; and reduced parking demand at participating train stations and among member businesses. The CarLink travel results are compared with those of neighborhood carsharing models in the United States and Europe.
7
Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed, Omer Mohamed Danfour, Masud Zerzah, Mouna Abdelrahman Abujazia, Perihan Torun, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-samarrai, and Shukr Mahmood Yaseen. "Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Libyan people- a web-based cross-sectional study." Journal of Ideas in Health 4, Special1 (April 16, 2021): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.vol4.issspecial1.97.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Successful plans in disaster and epidemics management depend on the feedback response and the assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the target population. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Libyan people.
Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among the Libyan people from 13-20 October 2020. A self-administered questionnaire was recruited to collect the data of 287 participants. SPSS version 16.0 was used to analyze the data using univariate and multivariable regression data analyses.
Results: More than half of respondents were males (53.7%), married (61.3%), aged less than 45 years old, highly educated (46.3%), employed (44.6%), urban resident(79.8%), experience good or very good health (71.1%) and earned more than USD 200 monthly (84.3.%). The participants showed a high rate of good knowledge (81.0%), attitude (71.1%), and practice (83.7%) towards COVID-19, respectively. Regression analysis showed that married (P=0.056), female (P=0.037), living in the urban regions (P<0.001) with good income of more than USD 2020 (P=0.001) were significantly associated with upper knowledge score. Females (P=0.040) were more significantly associated with positive attitude scores than males. Regarding practice score, married (P=0.001), females (P=0.059) had better practice, but poor-rated health status (P=0.018) was significantly associated with the weak practice.
Conclusion: The distinction of urban regions with good knowledge, optimistic attitudes, and acceptable practices towards COVID-19 determines the government's action compass towards more interest in supporting males, unhealthy, and those living in the rural areas with accurate and timely knowledge.
8
Xu, Bin. "Assessing the Impact of Transportation Infrastructure on Rural Residents' Income: Using the Quantile Regression Approach." Journal of Reviews on Global Economics 11 (August 23, 2022): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-7092.2022.11.02.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of transportation infrastructure on farmers’ income has been the focus of attention by government managers and related scholars in recent years. Based on the panel data from 2000 to 2018, this paper uses the quantile regression model to explore the effect of highway and railway transportation infrastructures on wage income and operating income. The findings show that the highway transportation infrastructure makes a minimal contribution to the wage income in Shanghai, Beijing and Zhejiang provinces, because the highway mileage and highway passenger turnover in these provinces are small. However, the operating income in the upper 90th quantile provinces such as Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Zhejiang, receives the biggest impact from the highway transportation infrastructure, because the construction of rural roads in these provinces is growing faster. The impact of railway transportation infrastructure on the wage income in the 10th-25th, 25th-50th and 50th-75th quantile provinces is small, since their railway passenger turnover is less. The railway transportation infrastructure has not played a role in boosting the operating income in these provinces such as Guizhou, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, Qinghai, and Ningxia. Therefore, each quantile province should formulate specific policies to promote the construction of transportation infrastructure.
9
Satispi, Evi, and Azhari Aziz Samudra. "Public Policy Implementation of the Jakarta Government's Policy: Study of Community Relocation Around the Reservoir." Social Perspective Journal 1, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 48–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53947/tspj.v1i1.65.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to understand the Jakarta government's policy in relocating people from the Ria Rio Reservoir and placing them in flats (rusunawa). Based on the research findings that have been done, it is concluded that strict facility restrictions are necessary to prevent the transfer of rental rights from low-income people to the upper class. The existence of a Management Agency is deemed necessary by residents. It is evidenced by the high number of answers residents require of a Management Agency and supported again by the feeling of obedience to the residents' management board. Constraints in the provision of housing on the need side It is difficult to invite low-income people and residents of slums who are generally classified as poor to want to live in apartment units. Performance measurement cannot be done only on a one-year deadline. Performance has been disrupted by past policies that have prevented the achievement of housing development targets (rusunawa) from being fully met. A synergy between regional and central interests is needed. Program handling must be in synergy with other program policies.
10
Cai, Jiming, Du Guonan, and Liu Yuan. "Measurement of the real urbanization level in China and its international comparison." China Political Economy 2, no. 2 (December 2, 2019): 287–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpe-10-2019-0018.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to estimate the real urbanization level in China so as to provide a measurement that can be compared with the international level. Design/methodology/approach Taking into consideration 300m residents living in the administrative towns (300m residents here are referred to the population in administrative towns, including those in all counties), the gap between the urbanization rate of China and that of the world average becomes much wider. Findings China, however, implements the administrative system of government at the central, provincial, municipal, county and township levels. By city, it means the jurisdiction at and above the level of county, which includes the municipality directly under the central government, prefecture-level municipal and county. By town, it means the jurisdiction below the level of county (including the Chengguan Town, or capital town, where the county government is located) and exclusive of rural townships. Originality/value China has witnessed rapid development for 40 years since the reform and opening up in 1978. Nowadays, China has already stepped into the period of post-industrialization, with its urbanization rate (UR) of permanent population reaching 58.58 percent. However, on the basis of registered population, the UR is 43.37 percent, which is not only far below the average level of 81.3 percent in high-income countries, but also lower than the average of 65.8 percent in upper middle-income countries which are comparable to China in terms of per capita income. (The classification of state income level is based on the data of national income per capita and division standards in 2016 from the World Bank, in which annual revenue per capita in high-income countries reaches over US$12,736 and that in upper middle-income countries between US$4,126 and US$12,735.)
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Upper-income resident"
1
VIEDA, MARTINEZ SERGIO ANDRES. "Housing Informality beyond The Urban Poor: Spatialities, Public Institutions, and Social Injustice in Rich Settlements of Bogotá." Doctoral thesis, Gran Sasso Science Institute, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12571/22502.
Full textAbstract:
Informality has been profoundly depicted and characterized in academic literature, nevertheless, it does not count with a single universally accepted definition. Decades after the formulation of this concept, and despite extensive research on diverse backgrounds and countries worldwide, informality is still strongly bonded to specific settings and locations: the urban poor in the Global South. This document challenges the persistent and often pervasive notion of poverty as a cause of informality and aims to understand the nature of informal housing of the rich. For this purpose, the spread of informal luxury villas in the eastern hills of Bogotá (Colombia) is explored as a case study through a wide range of qualitative methods. This study provides different perspectives on the phenomenology of housing informality of the rich by highlighting its underlying features such as the urban form, the role of public agents and the presence of informal institutions. Some of these features have been previously explored in other contexts worldwide, however, they remain scarcely investigated on informal housing of upper-income groups. Finally, this thesis offers a complete picture of the structural reasons that lie behind this type of informality and how they can influence the dynamics of planning law and processes.
2
Müllich, Ecléa Pérsigo Morais. "Ocupação urbana contemporânea em áreas de proteção ambiental : o caso da Ilha Grande dos Marinheiros em Porto Alegre / RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/35394.
Full textAbstract:
Esta dissertação de mestrado trata da ocupação urbana contemporânea pelos moradores de média e alta renda em áreas de proteção ambiental. O tema central desse estudo traz como discussão a tensão entre legislação e mercado imobiliário. Ao utilizar os atributos naturais, a aprazibilidade das áreas verdes e a proximidade do centro das grandes cidades, o mercado imobiliário tende a transformar os bens ambientais em mercadoria. A ação do mercado imobiliário também ocorre a partir da falta de fiscalização, lacunas e incongruências entre a legislação federal, estadual e municipal. A tensão entre legislação e mercado imobiliário traz como consequência a privatização de áreas de uso comum da população, aumento da poluição dos rios, diminuição de áreas verdes e ocupação desordenada no território. Somada a essa problemática, a tensão entre legislação e mercado imobiliário contribui para o aumento da ilegalidade urbana e com processos de segregação sócioespaciais entre as populações de baixa, média e alta renda. Esse estudo tem como objeto empírico a Ilha Grande dos Marinheiros, situada no bairro Arquipélago, em Porto Alegre, e integrante da Área de Proteção Ambiental Estadual do Delta do Jacuí. O marco temporal é a partir do ano de 2000, quando surgem os moradores de média e alta renda, supervalorizando a orla das ilhas, alterando a sua paisagem natural e tornando-a, em parte, uma área privada. A tensão entre legislação e mercado imobiliário na Ilha Grande dos Marinheiros é investigada a partir da análise da legislação federal, estadual e municipal e através dos anúncios de jornal. O método de análise foi realizado através de tabelas, dados estatísticos, entrevistas semiestruturadas e uma interpretação apurada dos textos das legislações e dos anúncios de jornal.This dissertation studies the contemporary urban occupation by the residents of middle and upper income in areas of environmental protection. The market has been using natural attributes, amusing, green areas and proximity to the centers of large cities, tends to turn the environmental like merchandise. The action of market stems from lack of control, gaps and inconsistencies between the federal, state and municipal laws. The tension between law and market, results in the privatization of common areas of population, increased pollution of rivers, reduction of green areas and disorderly occupation of the territory. Added to this problem, the tension between legislation and market contributed to the increase of urban lawlessness and processes of socio-spatial segregation between populations of low, medium and high income. This empirical study considers the Ilha Grande dos Marinheiros, located in the district Archipelago, Porto Alegre, and member of Área de Proteção Ambiental Estadual Delta do Jacuí, from the year 2000 when the middle and upper income residents arrived altering its natural landscape and making it, in part, a private area. The tension between legislation and market in Ilha Grande dos Marinheiros is analyzed from an analysis of federal, state and local laws and through newspaper ads. The method of analysis was performed by tables and statistics, a semi-structured interviews and an interpretation of the texts of laws and newspaper ads.
Book chapters on the topic "Upper-income resident"
1
Ruhs, Martin. "An Empirical Analysis of Labor Immigration Programs in Forty-Six Countries." In The Price of Rights. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691132914.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the key features of labor immigration programs in high and middle-income countries in practice. After providing an overview of existing academic and policy literature that comparatively discusses labor immigration policies in different countries, the chapter constructs and analyzes two separate indexes that measure the openness of labor immigration programs in forty-six high- and middle-income countries to admitting migrant workers, as well as the legal rights (civil and political, economic, social, residency, and family reunion rights) granted to migrant workers admitted under these programs. The empirical results show that labor immigration programs that target the admission of higher-skilled workers are more open and grant migrants more rights than programs targeting lower-skilled workers. Among programs in upper-high-income countries, labor immigration programs can be characterized by a trade-off between openness and some migrant rights.
2
Thompson Summers, Brandi. "Race, Authenticity, and the Gentrified Aesthetics of Belonging in Washington, D.C." In Aesthetics of Gentrification. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722032_ch06.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter tracks the contemporary convergence of hipster aesthetics with a Black cultural space that results in the aesthetic re-coding of a popular gentrified Washington, D.C. commercial corridor as a diverse neighbourhood. I examine representations of blackness and diversity and analyze how they are deployed in the pursuit of authenticity in the gentrified city. Authenticity has become an instrument through which people attach meaning to things and experiences rather than people. I argue that the tension between the polar class/race lifestyles spur attraction from young, upper-income white residents and tourists to the area. Ultimately, blackness in the marketplace must be that which sells, and that which can be easily transacted by proprietors of capital.
3
Boarnet, Marlon, and Randall C. Crane. "An Empirical Study of Travel Behavior." In Travel by Design. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195123951.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
The empirical strategy described here involves matching travel diary data to land-use characteristics for two different southern California regions. The first data set is from Orange County and nearby parts of suburban Los Angeles, and the other data are from San Diego. Each data set poses somewhat different opportunities and challenges in measuring the factors of interest, so we describe these in turn. The Orange County/Los Angeles travel diary data set includes data for 769 southern California residents. These were obtained from a 1993 survey administered as part of the Panel Study of Southern California Commuters. Because that survey includes each respondent’s street address, we were able to match the travel diary data to land-use variables from the 1990 census and from the Southern California Association of Governments (for the years 1990 and 1994). The travel diary covered a two-day period, and respondents were pre-assigned days, so trip making on all days of the week is represented in the data. Individual respondents were first contacted through their employer, and then for follow-up waves the same persons were contacted at home. The sample is employer based, and consequently the respondents are not a random sample of southern California residents. About half of the respondents worked at the Irvine Business Complex, a large, diversified employment center near the Orange County Airport, and the other half worked elsewhere throughout the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The descriptive statistics shown in table 5.1 illustrate how the survey oversampled Whites, highly educated persons, and persons with high income. This suggests some caution is warranted in interpreting beyond these individuals. Yet restricting attention to an educated, upper-middle-income, largely suburban population still provides interesting information, because many of the new urban designs are intended for low-density, suburban environments with demographics similar to those in this sample. The dependent variable for the model is the number of nonwork automobile trips made by an individual during the two-day travel diary period.
4
Baldwin, Peter. "More Broadly." In The Narcissism of Minor Differences. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195391206.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
Europeans Often Regard America as a country of bigness: big people, big cars, big houses. People we have already touched on; cars will come. American housing standards do fall in the upper half—but still well within— the European scale. Two rooms per inhabitant is the U.S. average. Residents of Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the UK, and Belgium have more (figure 88) The Irish have a higher percentage of their households occupying at least five rooms, the English and Spanish are very close runners-up. For social or public housing, transatlantic discrepancies pale before even more impressive disparities within Europe itself. Approximately a fifth of all accommodation in England and France is public housing, but those are by far the highest figures in Europe. In Italy, it is only 7%. In Spain, the fraction of the public housing stock of all dwellings is even less than in the United States, namely 1%. According to figures from the OECD, social housing scarcely exists at all in Portugal, at least to judge from the sums the government spends on it. Sweden, a country with a somewhat smaller population, spends well over 500 times as much. In any case, the range of state spending on housing in those nations with figures high enough to register as a fraction of GDP varies from 0.1% in Austria and Luxembourg to 14 times that in the UK. It is hard to call a penchant for social housing a defining European characteristic. Moreover, despite the absence of much public housing in the United States, the poorest fifth of tenants in America pay less of their income for housing than their peers in Sweden or Switzerland, and only a bit more than in the UK. America is oft en considered a stingy helper of Third World nations in distress. It is true that American foreign aid, in the form of direct cash grants, is not impressive if measured per capita. Nor is that of Austria or the Mediterranean nations, except France, which are all lower (figure 89).
Conference papers on the topic "Upper-income resident"
1
Seneviratne,, T. T. A., and S. B. A. Coorey. "Apartment design for sense of wellbeing: a case study of apartment dwellers during the pandemic in Sri Lanka." In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.17.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of Apartment Design on the well-being of occupants has become even more critical during the time of the Covid-19 Pandemic. This health crisis is emphasizing the need for resilient built form, especially in the field of housing. Unlike standalone housing, communal housing in the form of high-rise apartments pose many challenges to the lifestyle and the sense of well-being of residents during a pandemic. Lockdowns, social isolation, and quarantine have an adverse impact on the physical, social, and mental well-being of apartment dwellers. This study aims to explore the sense of well-being, their adaptations, and resilience to living in apartments during the Covid-19 pandemic, through a case study of an upper-middle-income apartment complex in Sri Lanka. Primary data on respondents’ perceptions, lifestyle during the pandemic, and the challenges to their well-being are explored via online surveys among 38 respondents. Secondary data on the apartment design features are explored via observations and document analysis. Both descriptive statistics and content analysis is conducted to explore the quantitative and qualitative data respectively. Findings reveal apartment design considerations for more resilient and adaptable dwellings in the face of a pandemic, to address the sense of well-being of its dwellers.
2
Sierra, Fernando Z., David Jua´rez, Juan C. Garci´a, Janusz Kubiak, and Rube´n Nicola´s. "A Computational Analysis of Multiphase Flow Cyclonic Separator for Clean Combustion in Power Plants." In International Joint Power Generation Conference collocated with TurboExpo 2003. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2003-40060.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper a numerical computation of the flow dynamics in a compact cyclonic separator (CCS) for multiphase mixtures is presented. The study is directed to power plants consumption requirements where fuel gas must be free of solid particulate. A finite volume approach has been employed with body-fitted coordinates in a 3-D solution of the CCS dynamics. The cylindrical geometry under study includes aspect ratios in the range 2.5<R<3.8 (where R = height/diameter). The CCS has three exits as follows: one on the top for gas; one on the bottom for low particle concentration liquid; and the last one tangentially located on the lower part of the CCS for high particle concentration liquid. The turbulence was resolved using a RNG model, while the interactions between each component of the flow were addressed using a mixture slip model. The three-phase liquid-gas-solid mixture considered was gasoil-propane-mineral coal particles with the composition in volume fraction of liquid to gas of 0.9 to 0.1 in addition to 109 kg/m3 of 40 microns coal particles as the disperse phase. The results indicate that reversible flow of liquid through the upper gas-outlet may be a function of the outlet pressure conditions. Also, velocity conditions of the income mixture flow at the inlet defined the residence time of the flow during the operation of the CCS, which affects the separation too. In this work density profiles are shown to indicate the regions of up flow for gas and liquid drag. The presence of a third phase in the form of solid particles affects the flow patterns in a CCS.