Relevant bibliographies by topics / Upper airway infections

Academic literature on the topic 'Upper airway infections'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Upper airway infections"

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Galli, J., F. Ardito, L. Calò, L. Mancinelli, M. Imperiali, C. Parrilla, P. M. Picciotti, and G. Fadda. "Recurrent upper airway infections and bacterial biofilms." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 121, no. 4 (November 3, 2006): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215106003896.

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Background: Bacterial biofilms identified in various medical devices used in otorhinolaryngology, including tympanostomy tubes, voice prostheses, and cochlear implants, can directly colonise mucosal tissues. The upper airways seem to be at high risk for this type of colonisation. Chronic and/or recurrent upper airway infections may be related to the complex structural and biochemical (quorum sensing) organisation of the biofilm which interferes with the activity of antibiotics (including those with proven in vitro efficacy), thus promoting the establishment of a chronic infection eradicable only by surgical treatment. Biofilm formation plays a role in upper respiratory infections: it not only explains the resistance of these infections to antibiotic therapy but it also represents an important element that contributes to the maintenance of a chronic inflammatory reaction.Objectives: To document the presence of biofilms in surgical tissue specimens from patients with recurrent infection diseases, and identify their possible role in the chronicity of these infectious processes.Method: We examined 32 surgical specimens from the upper respiratory tract (tonsils, adenoids, mucosa from the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses) of 28 patients (20 adults, eight children) with upper airway infections that had persisted despite repeated treatment with anti-inflammatory agents and antibiotics with demonstrated in vitro efficacy. Tissues were cultured using conventional methods and subjected to scanning electron microscopy for detection of biofilm formation.Results: Over 80 per cent (26/32; 81.3 per cent) of the tissue specimens were culture-positive. Bacterial biofilms (associated in most cases with coccoid bacteria) were observed in 65.6 per cent of the tissue samples.
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Duse, M., L. Leonardi, A. M. Zicari, G. De Castro, and L. Indinnimeo. "Risk Factors for Upper Airway Diseases." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 23, no. 1_suppl (January 2010): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03946320100230s104.

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Upper respiratory infection is the most common reason for seeking medical care for children. Recurrent viral respiratory infections and subsequent complications are a burden for children, their families and society. It has been estimated that at least 6% of children younger than 6 yr of age presents recurrent respiratory infections, as consequence of an increased exposure to infectious agents during the first years of life, when immune functions are still immature. Pediatricians must identify risk factors predisposing to upper respiratory tract infections and plan specific preventive strategies, ie avoidance of precocious day-care attendance and secondary smoke. Vaccination against influenza and pneumococcal diseases should always be recommended.
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West, J. V. "Acute upper airway infections." British Medical Bulletin 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2002): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/61.1.215.

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Proud, David. "Upper airway viral infections." Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 21, no. 3 (June 2008): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pupt.2007.06.004.

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Winther, B. "Rhinovirus Infections in the Upper Airway." Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/pats.201006-039rn.

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Walker, A., P. Surda, M. Rossiter, and S. Little. "Nasal function and dysfunction in exercise." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 130, no. 5 (February 17, 2016): 431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215116000128.

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AbstractBackground:There have been recent advances in our appreciation of the functional complementarity of the upper and lower airways. The unified airway begins at the nose: rather than acting merely as a conduit for air to the lungs, the nose and nasal cavity perform an important role in filtering, humidification and immune surveillance.Methods:The physiological and pathological responses of the nasal cavity to exercise and regular training are examined in this narrative review, with specific reference to the relation of nasal health to quality of life, lower airway health and upper respiratory tract infections. Relevant literature is examined and placed in clinical context.Results:There is considerable published evidence to support nasal dysfunction associated with exercise, and a link to lower airway dysfunction. Evidence also supports the role of upper and lower airway dysfunction in the development of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms.Conclusion:Nasal dysfunction in exercise may be a source of considerable morbidity to the regular exerciser, and further research into exercise-induced rhinitis is recommended.
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Wang, Hai. "Chronic adenoiditis." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 11 (November 2020): 030006052097145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520971458.

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In addition to acute adenoiditis and adenoid hypertrophy/vegetation, chronic adenoiditis is another disease of the adenoids. However, most physicians overlook chronic adenoiditis or confuse it with adenoid hypertrophy/vegetation. The incidence of chronic adenoiditis has increased in recent years as a result of higher rates of chronic nasopharyngeal or upper airway infections. The clinical characteristics of chronic adenoiditis can include but are not restricted to the following: long-term infection (especially bacterial infection); obstruction of the upper airway; infections of adjacent regions, such as the nose, nasal sinus, pharyngeal space, middle ear, and atlantoaxial joint; induced upper airway cough syndrome; and the presence of several “infectious-immune” diseases, including rheumatic fever, autoimmune nephropathy, and anaphylactoid purpura. To date, no consensus on the treatment of chronic adenoiditis is available. However, adenoidectomy can address the local obstruction, and some patients benefit from systemic or local anti-bacterial therapy. Physicians in the Departments of Otolaryngology, Respiration, and Pediatrics should be familiar with the clinical manifestations of chronic adenoiditis and try to develop effective treatment methods for this disease.
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König, Daniel, Hinnak Northoff, and Aloys Berg. "Factors triggering upper airway infections in athletes." European Journal of Sport Science 2, no. 4 (August 2002): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461390200072408.

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Mukhortykh, V. A. "The rational treatment approach to infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory airways in children." Russian Medical Inquiry 5, no. 11 (2021): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-755-761.

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Infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory airways are the most common among respiratory disorders. Issues in the management of infectious inflammation in upper airway mucosa are the diversity of infective agents, generation of biofilms, suppression of normal microflora, the lack of accurate and rapid laboratory tests for the analysis of the microbiota of upper airway mucosa, the risk of superinfection and complications after treatment with chemical antiseptics and antibacterial drugs. All these factors underscore the need for a more careful and rational approach to selecting therapy for the upper respiratory airways’ infectious inflammatory diseases, particularly preparations that preserve human microflora (a factor of mucosal immunity) and are characterized by a broad spectrum of activity on various pathogens. In addition, the human organism produces a variety of antimicrobial factors that relieve the burden of colonizing microbes. One of these antimicrobial factors, lysozyme, is a natural antiseptic found in high concentrations in fluids on mucosal surfaces. The results of clinical and laboratory studies have proven the effectiveness of lysozyme-containing drugs, which increases the prospects for their wider application in pediatric practice. KEYWORDS: lysozyme, pyridoxine, bacteria, viruses, respiratory infections, biofilms, tonsillopharyngitis, microbiome. FOR CITATION: Mukhortykh V.A. The rational treatment approach to infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory airways in children. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(11):755–761 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-755-761.
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Connolly, C. K. "Infections of the upper respiratory tract and airway." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 1, no. 4 (July 1988): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001432-198807000-00002.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Upper airway infections"

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Alekya, B. "Design and Development of an Intubation Catheter Integrated with MEMS-based Sensors for Central Airway Obstruction." Thesis, 2022. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/6062.

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Airway pathology leads to alteration in fluid flow, tissue biomechanics, and loss of patency. To address this clinical challenge, we developed an intraoperative tool to locate the site of obstruction, characterize tracheal tissue stiffness, and quantify the lumen diameter. To quantify the three parameters, flows sensors, force sensors, and unfurling compliant actuator evolved. The small size, fast response, and low power consumption of Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensors for medical diagnostics and biointerface engineering make them an optimal choice for integrating with healthcare monitoring tools. MEMS sensors allow miniaturization, batch fabrication, conformal mounting on catheters, guidewires, and endoscopes. This work comprehends all phases involved in the tool development, from the fabrication of microengineered sensors to integrating on flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and further validating its utility in a pseudo-physiological test bench using excised sheep tracheal tissues.
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Mantovani, Rebeca Passarelli. "MONITORING BACTERIAL RESERVOIRS TO PREVENT CHRONIC LUNG INFECTION IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1043532.

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease caused by mutations in the CFTR (CF transmembrane conductance regulator) gene and associated with severe damage to the lungs and the gastrointestinal system. One of the most important challenges in CF is treating and solving chronic lung infections which are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients in that once bacteria are established in the lung; eradication is rarely successful. The main objective of this study has been to evaluate the possible role of nasal/paranasal sinuses, saliva, and toothbrush as bacterial reservoirs in the development of chronic pulmonary infection and to compare the molecular profile of bacterial strains isolated from different sites in the body to confirm they circulate within the airways and oral cavity. Differently from previous works, our study was not limited to P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (the most important CF pathogens) but also included other potentially pathogenic emerging bacterial species that are frequently isolated from the sputum of CF subjects but still lack a clear clinical role in CF. Moreover, in this study, we have considered not only the classical sputum sample but also nasal lavage, saliva, and toothbrushes and have monitored a significant number of patients longitudinally. We evaluated the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Serratia marcescens in sputum and nasal lavage of 59 CF patients and also in saliva samples and used toothbrushes from 38 of them. At the end of the study, 190 sputum samples, 189 nasal lavage samples, 79 samples of saliva, and 87 toothbrushes were obtained and examined recovering and analyzing a total of about 1000 bacterial strains. Patients were classified by age (adult and paediatric) and by stage of lung colonisation with P. aeruginosa at enrolment (chronic, occasional). Based on these criteria, patients were divided into four groups: adults with chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection (AC), paediatrics with occasional P. aeruginosa colonisation (PO), adults and paediatrics free from P. aeruginosa (AN and PN, respectively). About 80% of the patients were positive for at least one of the bacterial species examined in nasal lavage and sputum. Among the subjects with positive sputum, 74% presented the same species in the nasal lavage and saliva and 26% on their toothbrush. S. aureus was the most abundant species detected in all samples. Clonal identity (≥80% similarity) of the strains isolated among the different samples from each patient was confirmed in almost all cases indicating that most of them belong to single clones circulating in the upper and lower airways, the oral cavity, and in some cases, in the toothbrush too. We concluded that nasal and oral sites act as bacterial reservoirs favoring transmission of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic microorganisms to the lower airways and vice-versa. It can be deduced that only the eradication of the microorganism from the reservoirs might avoid a lung chronic infection. Based on the results obtained, it has been established an understanding with the clinician from the Cystic Fibrosis Centre of Verona of the need of eradicating bacterial reservoirs. A specific protocol for the monitoring of the analyzed bacterial reservoirs and the eradication of the microorganisms present to prevent lung infection, was proposed, and accepted by them.
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Books on the topic "Upper airway infections"

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Yasuaki, Harabuchi, Hayashi Tatsuya 1961-, and Katada Akihiro, eds. Recent advances in tonsils and mucosal barriers of the upper airways: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways, July 7-9, 2010, Asahikawa, Japan. Basel: Karger, 2011.

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International, Symposium on Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of Upper Airways (5th 2003 Wakayama-shi Japan). Current topics on tonsils and mucosal barriers of upper airways: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of Upper Airways held in Wakayama between 9-11 April 2003. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.

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Samol, Nancy B., and Eric P. Wittkugel. Upper Respiratory Infection. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199764495.003.0003.

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Upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) are common in children, with most children experiencing six to eight episodes per year. Some evidence suggests that the airway reactivity associated with these infections persists for several weeks after resolution of symptoms and increases the risk of perioperative adverse events. Other data indicate that these complications are easily managed and seldom associated with any adverse sequelae. Unfortunately, cancellation of patients harboring URIs is not without economic and emotional implications for the patient, the family, and the operating suite as a whole. Understanding the risk factors associated with administering anesthesia to the child with a URI is important in identifying elements of the preoperative assessment that merit attention and in optimizing the anesthetic plan as a means to limit perioperative complications.
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Schönhofer, Bernd, and Stefan Kluge. Consequences of Endotracheal Intubation and Tracheostomy. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0017.

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Endotracheal intubation and tracheostomy are associated with a broad spectrum of complications, which are similar and overlapping, and range from injury to airway structures to nosocomial lower respiratory infections. Anatomical damage to the airway occurs as both early and late complications and is generally the consequence of procedural factors: emergency endotracheal intubation, abnormal anatomy, unsatisfactory patient positioning, inexperienced operator skill, and the use of an inadequate technique. Upper airway endoscopy and bronchoscopy, using the flexible and rigid approaches, are useful for the diagnosis and treatment of the complications of endotracheal intubation and tracheostomy.
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Wayman, Kenneth, Nancy B. Samol, and Eric Wittkugel. Upper Respiratory Infection. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0003.

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The child with an upper respiratory tract infection presenting for surgery is probably the most common dilemma that faces the pediatric anesthesiologist. While cancellation of such a child’s operation had been a common practice in the past, nowadays, an anesthesiologist will more than likely proceed with the anesthetic management of a child with a mild common cold. Research has shown that while perioperative respiratory adverse events are likely to occur in a child with a mild cold, these events are very easily managed. In addition, the use of a laryngeal mask airway which prevents instrumentation of a child’s airway drastically decreases the incidence of perioperative adverse events in this patient population. Planned airway surgery, history of prematurity, reactive airway disease, and passive smoking in the home are factors that increase the incidence of perioperative adverse respiratory events in a child with an active cold.
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Schakett, Brent, and Kathleen Chen. Laryngospasm. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0013.

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Laryngospasm is a complication that all pediatric anesthesia providers must be able to successfully diagnosis and treat. The risk factors include but are not limited to recent upper respiratory infection, history of asthma, preschool-age child, airway surgery, and light anesthesia. Laryngospasm can be defined as either partial laryngospasm with residual opening of the glottis or complete laryngospasm where there is no air movement. Prevention is obtained by limiting risk factors; waiting 6 to 8 weeks after upper respiratory infection symptoms have resolved if possible, smoking cessation, suctioning of residual secretions, and maintaining an adequate depth of anesthesia during crucial times like intubation and extubation. Treatment includes jaw thrust with positive pressure and 100% oxygen, followed by a subhypnotic dose of propofol if the laryngospasm does not break, then finally succinylcholine if all other methods have failed. With treatments that depress respiratory drive, delirium can result and must be diagnosed correctly.
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(Editor), N. Yamanaka, K. Kuki (Editor), K. Fujihara (Editor), S. Tamura (Editor), and M. Hotomi (Editor), eds. Current Topics on Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of Upper Airways: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the ... 2003, ICS 1257 (International Congress). Elsevier, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Upper airway infections"

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Kobayashi, Shigeto, and Ginichiro Ichikawa. "Reactive Arthritis Induced by Tonsillitis: A Type of ‘Focal Infection’." In Recent Advances in Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways, 79–82. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000324612.

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Tsutsumi, Hiroyuki, Takashi Kojima, Satoshi Hirakawa, Tomoyuki Masaki, Tamaki Okabayashi, Shinichi Yokota, Nobuhiro Fujii, Tetsuo Himi, and Norimasa Sawada. "Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and the Tight Junctions of Nasal Epithelial Cells." In Recent Advances in Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways, 153–56. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000324777.

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Hotomi, Muneki, Masamitsu Kono, Susan K. Hollingshead, David E. Briles, and Noboru Yamanaka. "Protection of Pneumococcal Infection by Maternal Intranasal Immunization with Pneumococcal Surface Protein A." In Recent Advances in Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways, 121–25. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000324656.

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Kobayashi, Satomi. "Tonsil-Related Skin Diseases and Possible Involvement of T Cell Co-Stimulation in Chronic Focal Infection." In Recent Advances in Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways, 83–85. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000324614.

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Yamamoto, Toshiyuki. "Triggering Role of Focal Infection in the Induction of Extra-Palmoplantar Lesions and Pustulotic Arthro-Osteitis Associated with Palmoplantar Pustulosis." In Recent Advances in Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways, 89–92. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000324620.

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Pennarossa, Georgia, Alireza Fazeli, Sergio Ledda, Fulvio Gandolfi, and Tiziana A. L. Brevini. "Use of Virus-Mimicking Nanoparticles to Investigate Early Infection Events in Upper Airway 3D Models." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 131–38. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1246-0_8.

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Franco-Paredes, Carlos. "Upper Airway Infections." In Core Concepts in Clinical Infectious Diseases (CCCID), 43–50. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-804423-0.00005-6.

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Rutter, Michael J. "Upper Airway Infections." In ACCP/AAP Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine Board Review: 1st Edition, 145–48. American College of Chest Physicians, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/ppmbr.1st.145.

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Chapman, Stephen J., Grace V. Robinson, Rahul Shrimanker, Chris D. Turnbull, and John M. Wrightson. "Upper airway and tracheal disease." In Oxford Handbook of Respiratory Medicine, edited by Stephen J. Chapman, Grace V. Robinson, Rahul Shrimanker, Chris D. Turnbull, and John M. Wrightson, 703–12. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198837114.003.0049.

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Balfour-Lynn, Ian M., and Jane C. Davies. "Acute Infections Producing Upper Airway Obstruction." In Kendig's Disorders of the Respiratory Tract in Children, 404–15. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7216-3695-5.50027-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Upper airway infections"

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Dhanik, J., M. Nazari, R. Kang, L. Causon, P. Kenia, A. Claydon, and M. Narayanan. "Do lower airway infections occur concomitant or subsequent to upper airway infections in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)?" In ERS International Congress 2022 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2022.1855.

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Acosta, K. P., C. W. Akabusi, and E. Matayeva. "A Novel Case of COVID Infection Exacerbating Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a4602.

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Lazko, Alexey, Larisa Udochkina, and Nina Losovskaya. "Histochemical changes of the lung tissue in experimental chronic alcoholic intoxication." In Innovations in Medical Science and Education. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsms.nrjc3772.

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Among organ systems in the human body affected by alcohol abuse, the lungs are particularly vulnerable to infections and injury. Chronic alcoholism causesalterations in host defence of the upper and lower airways, disruption of alveolar epithelial barrier integrity, alcohol-induced ciliary lesions and alveolar macrophages dysfunction. Currently with a spread of SARS-COV 2 infections which instantly destroys the lung tissue, the alcohol-induced lung damage issues acquire vital importance, as they might further increase severity of lesions of lung tissue in the infected alcohol abusers.Recent investigations suggest that the effect of the chronic excessive alcohol consumption and SARS-COV 2 infection on the lungs might have similar and thus synergizing mechanisms. Therefore the mechanism of the lung tissue lesions in chronic alcohol intoxication need to be scrutinized, including the time-line of their development, to be able to develop more effective preventive measures. The objective of the study is to assess histochemical changes in the lung tissue of laboratory animals with chronic alcohol intoxication of different duration. Total of 48 outbred male white mice weighing 18-22 g were enrolled in the study. The experimental animals were exposed to alcohol for 1, 2 and 3 months by the semi-voluntary intake, using 20% alcohol as the only source of fluid, while control animals were getting drinking water. At the end of experiment the lung tissue of the mice was processed histologically and histochemically for alcoholic dehydrogenase (ADH), glucose-6-phasphate-dehydrogenae (G6PDH), alkaline (ALP) and acidic (AP) phosphatases, nonspecific esterase (NE) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Image analysis of the histological slides was performed using Image Pro Plus software. Statistical differences were assessed using paired t-test. Chronic alcohol consumption causes metabolic lesions in the alveolar epithelium and endothelium of alveolar capillaries revealed by an increase in the activity of ADH, G6PD and NE paralleled with a decrease in the total SDH activity of the respiratory portion of the lungs in a time-related pattern. High activity of alkaline phosphatase was noted in endothelial cells of lung capillaries. Thus, under conditions of chronic intoxication, ethanol disturbs cell metabolism, as evidenced by the changes of the enzymatic activity in the lung tissue which leads to inhibition of oxygen-dependent metabolic processes and activation of reserve mechanisms for compensating of energy deficits.
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Novais, Aurea Maria Lago, Beatriz Santos Rogério, and Renan Carvalho Castello Branco. "Impact of obstructive sleep apnea in imediate outcomes of stroke patients: a transversal study." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.616.

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Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease of upper airways, diagnosed with polisomnography, that is well associated with stroke through diverse mechanisms. Despite this, it still is not clear about the impact of this disease in the prognosis of the patients, especially in immediate outcomes. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the impact of high risk of obstructive sleep apnea in immediate outcomes of stroke patients. Methods: We performed a transversal study, part of a cohort of stroke patients. Patients were evaluated of risk of OSA with STOP-BANG and SOS scores. We compared hospitalization time, CTI time, hemorragic transformation, type of hemorragic transformation, infection, delirium, new stroke and death during hospitalization between high/moderate risk and low risk of OSA using T test, Mann-Whitney or chi-square. Results: We obtained 190 patients. Considering STOP-Bang, we obtained significance with delirium (P < 0.001), infection (P < 0.001) and death during hospitalization (P = 0.04). Considering SOS score, we obtained CTI time (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The important role of OSA in death during internment was clear with the results of this study. Other outcomes that can lead to death or increase the risk of death, such as the infection itself and CTI time, were essential. Thus, it is imperative that we need to be aware of these questions, in order to reduce CTI time in adequate condition, so we can have better outcomes in this type of patient.
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Novais, Aurea Maria Lago, Beatriz Santos Rogério, and Renan Carvalho Castello Branco. "Impact of previous comorbidities in stroke patients with high risk of obstructive sleep apnea: a transversal study." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.618.

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Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease of upper airways well associated in literature with stroke through diverse mechanisms. Despite that, it still is not clear the impact of the regular diseases in the context of high risk of OSA and stroke. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the impact of previous comorbidities in imediate outcomes (hospitalization time, CTI time, hemorragic transformation,death, infection and delirium during hospitalization) of patients with high/moderate risk of OSA and stroke. Methods: We performed a transversal study, part of a cohort of stroke patients. Patients were evaluated of risk of OSA with STOP-BANG and SOS scores. Data of previous comorbidities (obesity, alcoholism, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, renal disfunction, dyslipidemia, asthma, atrial fibrillation – AF, heart failure, previous Rankin and sleep disorder) were analysed with T test or Mann-Whitney and they were submitted to multivariate analysis with logistic regression (considering P < 0.05). Results: We obtained 118 patients (hospitalization time 15.41 ± 15.16; CTI time 1.87 ± 5.02). Considering hospitalization time, we had previous Rankin (P = 0.1), AF (P = 0.1) and dyslipidemia (P = 0.07); to CTI time, we had dyslipidemia (P = 0.04); to hemorragic transformation, we had asthma (P = 0.03) and smoking (P = 0.05); to death, we had alcoholism (P = 0.1) and renal insufficiency (P = 0.07). To infection, we had previous Rankin (P = 0.002), diabetes (P = 0.009) and renal insufficiency (P < 0.001); to delirium, we had previous Rankin (P = 0.007), obesity and sleep disorder (P = 0.07), diabetes (P = 0.1) and renal insufficiency (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, renal disfunction to infection were significant (P = 0.02; odds ratio = 2.34 confidence interval 1.70- 3.23). Conclusion: Renal disfunction appeared to be important in most of outcomes, and the only significant in multivariate analysis.Conditions that affect metabolism showed importance, that lead us to better control renal and metabolic disorders.
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Cuthbertson, L., SEG Turner, A. Jackson, C. Ranson, M. Loosemore, P. Kelleher, WOC Cookson, MF Moffatt, JH Hull, and A. Shah. "S94 Elite athletes susceptible to respiratory tract infection are characterised by reduced circulating memory T regulatory cells, upper airway microbial dysbiosis and dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism." In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2021 Online, Wednesday 24 to Friday 26 November 2021, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2021-btsabstracts.100.

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Novais, Aurea Maria Lago, Beatriz Santos Rogério, and Renan Carvalho Castello Branco. "Association between risk of obstructive sleep apnea and stroke recurrence: partial results of a cohort." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.614.

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Abstract:
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease of upper airways,diagnosed with polisomnography,that is well associated with stroke through diverse mechanisms.Despite that,it still lacks studies about its role in prognosis of stroke,especially in stroke recurrence. Objectives and methods: This study aims to elucidate the possible association between stroke recurrence and risk of OSA.We performed a cohort. Patients were evaluated of risk of OSA with STOP-Bang and SOS scores and remotely evaluated with Rankin, Barthel, questioned about stroke recurrence and another hospitalization during 3.6 and 12 months. We performed univariate analysis (T test,Mann-Whitney or chi-square) and a multivariate analysis with logistic regression (considering P < 0.05). Results: We obtained 190 patients: 7 patients already finished the study and 78 started. 48.9% female, mean age 63.6 ± 6.43 years, mean body mass index 25.69 ± 5.64 kg/m2 , mean SOS 11.65 ± 6.43, mean STOP-Bang 3.22 ± 1.45. Rankin in 3 months mean 2.89 ± 1.81; 6 months mean 2.67 ± 1.89; 12 months mean 5 ± 1.95. Barthel 3 months 62.51 ± 33.44; 6 months 72.40 ± 34.78; 12 months mean 35.40 ± 46.59. 3.7% were hospitalized due to cardiovascular causes; 2.1% due to infection causes and 4.7% due to other causes. 2.6% evolved to death and 1.6% recurred with stroke. Considering STOP-Bang, we had in univariate analysis Rankin 6 months (P = 0.06), Barthel 12 months (P = 0.07) and hospitalization of other causes (P = 0.1). Considering SOS, we obtained stroke recurrence, Rankin 12 months (P = 0.1) and death (P = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, to STOP-Bang, we had Barthel 12 months (P = 0.03); to SOS, it was not possible to perform due to reduced number of stroke recurrence and death. Conclusion: Preliminary results already showed association between OSA and recurrence stroke, which can lead us to a differential approach. Considering the most successful research about this theme obtained 1.2% of recurrence, the study is on the way to elucidate this question.
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